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221
Another interview with a history professor at the Eurasian University, Astana, (6/29/2009) yielded a plethora of Kazakh groupings most of which do not care for tribal or Horde divisions. According to the interviewee, there are seven equally important groups of Kazakhs, including the already mentioned pro-Western Kazakhs, traditionalists, pro-Russian Kazakh and so on. Since they are so many divisions among the Kazakhs, this, in his words “inhibits the development of national identity which is dangerous.” (Ibid)
The survey was not structured to assess various divisions among the Kazakhs except for the importance of Horde identity as part of national identity. Out of 438 respondents, only one has marked the Hordes as important marker of national identity.321 The rest broke down as shown in Figure 30. Half of all respondents in Astana recognize Kazakh culture (and language, more on that later) as the primary marker of national identity in the republic, which is about 12% more than the respondents from other sites in the country. What is remarkable is that over half of Astana’s non-Kazakh respondents prioritize Kazakh culture compared to only 18% elsewhere (over 3 times the difference). While the survey was very limited, the data collected suggests that the government policies of nation building that put Kazakh traditions and culture at the core of the national identity of the republic work better in Astana than anywhere else in the republic.
321 Answering the question “How do you understand the concept of the national idea of Kazakhstan?”
Object Description
| Title | Market reforms, foreign direct investment and national identity: Non-national identity of Kazakhstan |
| Author | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Author email | janalin_a@yahoo.com; zhanalin@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | International Relations |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-22 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2011-04-29 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | English, Robert |
| Advisor (committee member) |
James, Patrick Rorlich, Azade-Ayse |
| Abstract | The present study offers an analysis of the concept of non-national identity in application to the Republic of Kazakhstan as the most likely case. The primary hypothesis is that newly independent states, which are undergoing a rapid transition to market economy and actively pursue integration in the world economy and foreign direct investment, will experience fragmentation of their national identity, defined as non-national identity.; Three sites in Kazakhstan, Almaty, Astana and Aktau, were chosen for the study as representative of the market reforms in the republic as well as the best examples of the country’s pursuit of foreign direct investment and integration into the global economy. The data collected indicates that while Kazakhstan does demonstrate fragmentation of its national identity, it is not necessarily caused by the market reforms and the participation in the global trade. Alternative causal variables such as the Soviet and Russian colonial legacy, intra-ethnic cleavages among the Kazakhs and the prevalence of multi-vector foreign policy were found to contribute to the development of non-national identity of Kazakhstan. The study’s results also suggest that in the last few years, Kazakh identity is experiencing a rather strong revival as well, which may yet counteract the existing factors leading to the emergence of the non-national identity of Kazakhstan. |
| Keyword | identity; nationalism; Kazakhstan; market reforms; globalization; foreign direct investment; national identity; countries in transition; foreign policy; culture; former Soviet Union; Central Asia; patronage networks; energy; oil; post-colonial legacy; nation-state |
| Geographic subject (city or populated place) | Almaty; Astana; Aktau |
| Geographic subject (country) | Kazakhstan |
| Coverage date | 1970/2010 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3812 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zhanalin-4506 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume51/etd-Zhanalin-4506.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 227 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 221 Another interview with a history professor at the Eurasian University, Astana, (6/29/2009) yielded a plethora of Kazakh groupings most of which do not care for tribal or Horde divisions. According to the interviewee, there are seven equally important groups of Kazakhs, including the already mentioned pro-Western Kazakhs, traditionalists, pro-Russian Kazakh and so on. Since they are so many divisions among the Kazakhs, this, in his words “inhibits the development of national identity which is dangerous.” (Ibid) The survey was not structured to assess various divisions among the Kazakhs except for the importance of Horde identity as part of national identity. Out of 438 respondents, only one has marked the Hordes as important marker of national identity.321 The rest broke down as shown in Figure 30. Half of all respondents in Astana recognize Kazakh culture (and language, more on that later) as the primary marker of national identity in the republic, which is about 12% more than the respondents from other sites in the country. What is remarkable is that over half of Astana’s non-Kazakh respondents prioritize Kazakh culture compared to only 18% elsewhere (over 3 times the difference). While the survey was very limited, the data collected suggests that the government policies of nation building that put Kazakh traditions and culture at the core of the national identity of the republic work better in Astana than anywhere else in the republic. 321 Answering the question “How do you understand the concept of the national idea of Kazakhstan?” |
