University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses

Meeting management's needs for adequate communication

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Meeting management's needs for adequate communication

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Content TI M D R D MM TI by B 11 Jlubi k H.: i [ re c n t d t th 111:. R If l I 1 P· rfr I 111 fill me ll f th R 1uir m nt r th l ~re J rnrnali m ugu t I 7 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY PARK LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90007 This thesis, written by Basil Hubiak under the dir ction of /ti. ..... Thesis Conimitlee, and appro ed by all it 1ne 11,bers has been pre ented to a11d accepted by the Dean of The Graduate chool, in partial fulfilltnent of the requirenient for the degree of MA TER OF ARTS ·----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Dean uly 25, 1974 at .......................................... . - KW DM ' T Tiu t11dy \",a condu·t d at th 'I al I il ' ntct, p )int ugu, :.ilir rnh. It C )11C\,;rtl th1,; con ti Htou fl)\ or variou t p' of off1 ·iaJ formal c rnrnrnnication by puhli" ti n o ti ·c and th d vclopmcnt <rm thod to me t imrn hJt' an I Ion '·I 1111 nl.! 'd. h I >u 111 • ligation ma 1,; i1 thi tmly have l t:n )f 1 .111iz d in o two olum b c·•u th1 p1 'd l'> b th mo t u ful m thud ,r l r en tin th tud_' re ult . I am 0 rat1.: I ul f r th nui fan .. • a11d u 1 1 i.: tion pr >~id I h ' :u1 HI i, dividual at th 1 • al h ii ntcr. parti ·ulatly b 1r. Jilli di and l r. J. t an 1y advi r at th niv I ity >I outhl.!111 alilornia \ ' r .. pt.: ·d1 ·ally h lptul ·1b Hll th tud)' , >p a, d >l~ ~ti •·. wif • Ru h d p ·wl thank lor at'cn 1,; an l in I i,ation. 0 T T Pa TR Tl B:.i k rou 1d Purp 11_ p th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 u' ti n to l n \ J <l . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . . . • • . • • . • • • J c an.:h l:.111 l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tJndard Pr> c<lur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,u CI I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I ) 1< <l I P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . llllll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and , 1·11 ' i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t 1<l I _ .••••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••••.••.••• • • • • · • · · · · • · · • • • l d I Prl blc111 ...................................•.......... 1 • . • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • . . • . • . • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · mp t r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I _) Ill 0 T T ( ntinued M del 3 ................................. . ..................... . Backgr und R ults and nal i Page 34 5 d l 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 R Ba 1-..gr und Re ult and D nal i L R PII ..................................................... . PP · DI tlitar il1cati n r I T hnical anual < nc rnin 1rb rn rmam nt L uipm nt ....................................... . B ornput r Pn 1 ra111 f r fana m nt mm uni ·ati n ..................... . h cl Li t or Plant in r a\· 1 1 tl n t r ndca t L f:. ll Pl , R K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TR 1( I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • p I I L r 1:R ~ pp 7 7 9 40 7 7 7 7 r animti nal hart fth a al ti il enter••••••••••••·••••••••••• 10 B D I D 0 TE T n ludcd T t and vaJuati n Pr cc ho f Ma nag men t Theory ................................... . uid to D cum nt Planning . • th aval Mi il ntcr ................. . LI ILL R Tl a a] i1 ntt.:r Pani1:Hi n ................................. . ompar d to { u er t1 ation-1-1., 1 n Tcdrni .. I Publi ation u1d lin hnical fanua] In ti a i n ur >rm I 1 I Lil ·1bulati n Page 11 5 J I 9 J - 14 l hapt r 1 I TR D Tl n UJ u ual fa 't ad anc tl 111 I by Bi h )p a u ui r i t r a th at a ri t r ha n ) ormula \ ith \ ortl .... then; i n )thin l :.ib ut grammar th t i p cial kno le g to him~ all the t l l f Ian u:.i le.; ·tr a ailabk al t 81 h p: 1 _ p. J 11111 le a tht nf o n d , 1 t i a ra r i t in ,in d 1 1 pl 111 • lntl1vidual Ill th u in \ rid p nd a great porti rn f their tirrn.: acquirit 1 hi 1 11 p 1al11 tl ~ill and Ira t1 ·in, th m. Indi idual \ ht arc a k ) ton of hl r aliz aila I to th r anc.l \ h t 1 ai11 rapp Ht \ ·ith indi idual > oth r d1 ·1pli11 rn th int •re t t f t >tal ompan d rnmuni ·a tion i impJ I 0111111 mi :Hi ll1 i h ·t t il i an lllL ti 11 prcd cl ' r la~ i ·a I H d ·d i< 1 m· kin I id : . B th \ rittc.:n · n J ,ok n ommu r t r ord, or b·1 k 'rt und nri hm ·nt. u h l I h m h·1 i in h 1 Id ol man , 111 1 t and I ul Ii ·ati< n i < n h th ori 1r 1111 It: .· 1uipm nt. 1 urpri in 1 min rn1 arn ll ill IJ th I t t th a1 l m d rn I Jintin' quipm nt h·1 · la 11 u < 11 mt nt ation ll bl 111 • hi i m )ha izcd Ill h ) mi 1 , , •a a I al h 1q ,ratil 11 m 7,it h1 cd ;m1t<m tldilf1·1lt tha u in t > m na 'Ill 11 • ll m I d till ·u • mm n o 1c tn bu inc E did not ha c ad uat fi1wn ·ial inf nm· ti m ... u, 1c ·ummuni ·ati h· 1111 I i tcd n k' ' luncti 1 .... . . rpc rati n r main ·d too internalized in it thinkir and < r aniza i nal tr I tur . · ti ricnt <l o the ou · rid. mmunication en · · · n t nl r at •d th' an ithc i l I a or < rat ut al of a · urcc p pie. L n -ra c rp rat ic n planning \ • a p · • and up rt I ial: thi w· I a ding to < c r- t al fin dupli tcd flort, and inct 1 1enc. n: 1 7 p. The mechanic of publi hing, de igning vari u f rm f c rnmunicati n media, and providing qu lity a urance a to the adequacy of their bj ctive r garding a c rporati n need goal and political climate ar complc . Written and p k n c mmunication, h wev r, both have a neces ary place in ati fact ry ompany c mmunicati n. anag r and t chni aJ writers hare th r pon ibilit of communicati n, h wcv r diff rent the per p ctive and crnpha i . Th nccc ity of go d communication in an c rp rati n i n t que tion d. It i n t d nJy that it will b me r aJit in a r wing dynamic rganizati n thr u h lon -range plannin or will f rec it lf n th corp r ti n at co tl p n b 'au of th mi under tandin whi h 1 ontr3ct or pr v an in ffi ·i nt r putati n. Thi atm ph re o harin r p n ibiJiti f r · mmuni ati 11 i m t critical \ h n rapid gr \ th t·h.in 1la ' ·rnd\hnt hnt qui kl ad ncing. Thi i imp<. rt nt r t\ r a < n . n in in man. thcr th c rp rali n. ir t , it I n t th int nt1 11 and r utin 1 r bkm manag r and t ·hni ·al \ ri r , .1 • mmum ·at r . t d n ' th an t1 n. 1 crnm nt · mmunicator , • cc r m 1 t air ad r nu that: • Th t ·hni ·al <liter' fundi n a a mma ha ·r i rnpi<lly d\ ·indlir , .... ha it b n o 11111 rati tll'lt the th r cl v I I lu 111t rd1 1plmary h1 \ I vcr in th pa t nd hi abili ic t) · rc.linat all th p·< pl and pn I\ d ma pul It hm pr B f 'l Ill Jll llll 1 pon 1 ilit ' c r b it , a\ ar a 1d m demand and th IH t) 1 t:th I pie du a quali. ommunkati n in ir lim hl: demand I t <la , . h \ b 'in phtcl:d n the t p t i 1t ra ·ti n d\ en manao r p n ibilitie a 1 I 7 . p th id re nl · n intr· di iJ Jin r. m nt. Thi i ·tpparent in u h pr u ti man·1 m 'tll a tat d Pro r R f R thb n : \ ithin the a al 1 ii ent r, pr ram mana er ha r n i ilit l r the rc·tliz- Li n f th' er· 11 cti f the enter' t ·hnical pn r 11 • . . h' ar th liai n t· c n ri t r in n- Ii ·Ii nt ~md ·c ntract r ... in all mmunicati l1 .... f th j or' th direct, f\ 0 l0/1llnlllli ati< ll or the enter· technical pr ra, 1 • R, th <. n : I -· p . 4- · 1c uJ] p t ·ntial f th1 rbal ·<. mmitm nt i · u l b linni.i t b I calizc I ... tn' a al cnt r. 1c • nd imp< rt nt rca c n t r haring r p n i ilit1 fc r c mmun1 ati n involv th rpl ra- ti n idea it If. , t a mana m nt a f t the l tnl int n rking )f the ·n er, mana m nt it lf 1 af~ ct d by ext rnal f r of the t tal defens c mple . Thee may ither be slight daily force or th may be br adcr for e whi -h terminat larg program and auth riz oth r . In the early 30-ycar nt r uch f rce of hang hav cau ed red1r ti n of goals t meet the diff r nt <l ~ n c bligati n . Th nt r' Fiv - ar Plan mal·e dir 't r fercn tc. thi corporal r pon ibility. Th cnt a d irablc l . r 1 in many a al. 111 VJ tali t tr n th Ii in th t legal en a c rpuration. It i a 1 gal ntity with a mi i n t ati r of th cnt r, r of an t I of organizati n c me from it m ti ati n c. ttitud and Cc. pa ility f a h per ( n in the w rk · n, th tru tur pr gram and pc pl f th r it ry tl ntit 1t con t· ntly Ut Wh in c plc, , or pr th h )ttld C ' vitab1l1 t of th ·h· mah. adj u tm n t in it plan , nd It i th r ur chartmg r th c , or r plan in thi a , that a ur arn al at c.l J d tinati rn d pit ·hang. ·In ar,. 1 )7 It i rom th int 1a t1011 b t\ · n man 1' 1 , ,, nt 'r , and auth >rs that tlu tud ' <l n mu h c. I it 111·1t rial. har ''l: Ill du tic • nd p1< c <ltirl: ithin th I holl / ,1 · phi· partm nt at th n t r · re 1 ll n w hut in thl: pd l f \ I p·1t tm n t ha had t( modi it t) a" mpli ·h it II· to a C< mpli h th re italiz <l >ll >I m· na 0 m nt. imilar h· 1 g a1 in id IH.:l: ii th aho1 ·1tor I pa11111 n · n<l th ap 11 Pio 1 mm at a 1 cm ·nt O 'partm nt. uml l 'tabli 1 an un<l r tall(Jin, th 11 ir< m 1 nt in hi h thi tu<l , 'a ·on<lu t <l the I( II>\\· ·ri1 ti n i I r nl <l o ·11 pli th a . Ill: .1ti< nal ll ri t ~ t ( I l 7 ·rcut d th ~iti< nal nt ll r th . tar 1 ( I [ n ., . It 11d <l in J ) th partm II l I I 7- an I b · m .. part ) h C . C llti fi.111 h mm t t. h r pr h d hr u l l th la Ii hm nt o in d >Ii j • :.111 I >r th <l artm ·tll. and th r un ti m H: 1 a Ji1 11 It j 11'1 c urit ' . )Ill ' ( th Ull tic 11 ar : upp rt 11 d n<l th· rn itull rn l th nit ·d ta a 1 ain t ·111 en 1111 • t< uph ld an ad • an ·c th· nati mal l and inter· t t th I nit d tat' · ·ind al guard th uri t -1: . c eprtmnt ID•lenci d t tht: D-- artm nt u th rm , <l ' . and , ir ti itic \ i thin th partm nt I th a a re t d in thi t ud 4 ongre e tabli hed the avy n De -ember 22, 1775. three-member b ard f aval m- mi ioner wa created in I 15 and the ffice f ndcr ccretary and i tant e r tary f the avy wcr e tabli h db ct of ongre n July 11 , 1 0, March , l 9 1, and Ju ne 20, 1940. 111 ccr tary of the a y for Air wa authoJiz d in I 926. The re nganiLati n a t o 19 limit d th number )fa i tant for Material, Per nn 1 and Re erv ore ' . rom th hor Th a al 1at rial mmand gre the a aJ tr ommand which now c mpri Th aval i il nter, c tabli h d in 6 t P )int u u, 1 n th C. l il nt r i I 'at d in cntura unt appro imatel 5 mile t of Lo ng l , ali ornia, at Point ugu f( r th pu1p oft ' t and aluati >n of aval apon . Th n t r. \ 1th ~v n d partm n t , 1 h ~ <led b a a ·aptain, an a<lmini trall taff. and a civilian tc ·hni ·al dircctc r. Th dcpartmi..;nt , at th tim l th1 tud ' , r arran cd a h >'- n in luwrc 1. S CRETARY OF THE NAVY CHIEF OF AVAL OPERATIO S co DANT OF THE MARI E CORPS E AND SURGERY CHI L CH I ATE RIAL AVAL ORD CE AVAL SUPPLY ICS AVAL AIR SYST AVAL SHIPS OTHER SHORE Fl LO ACTIVITIES · 1 1 ure a al 11 1k 11 t ~r r ,anization. 5 COMMAND R PACIFIC I SILE RANG 50 50 -1 50-3 --- 51 51 1 520 T CH ICA DIR CT R ARI C RP LIAI ON F ICE 52 52 1 T ------ , P T l )fFI ur 1. < nclud d . H I f- Pur o e The purpo e of thi tudy i to report the r ult r invc tigations b tween 1971 and 1974. he c inve tigation wer pecifi ally de igned to gain information whi h would larify the relati nship b - tw en management' n ed f rad quat c< mmuni ation and the capabilitie availabl or potentially availabl p n nc \ ith management and publi ation op rati n within th avaJ Mi il ent r ha h wn that man new and difl1 ult pr ~ cts Lr demand d f h re e tabli hm nt at minimal cot, oft n with ut n w taff and \ ithin very h rt tim frame . o intan°ibl a product a de en , th re- for , r quir that manag m nt at the ntcr m t th i tlld ti 11 i th fl . ibilit Thi tudy iv ub tan· to th more r c n t idea about mana m n t in forma tinn \i hich r quir that nmtl l matic anal \: rl-. r quir ment , r urc , ·md prnbl m b mad 1f th r 1 an ' ho1 ~ that mmumc, th n !-.Ill will u tam p1oductivit and m 1al r 1lP1 ° . .. mer I 7 ' p . J • It I f 111 ()' b li f that: ... human ali h lion r m ork <l p nd p1imanl up nan t:lh Int rk inf011 rnti >Il .... If op] · r l i.:n_1 y ... chall 11 !in 1 • < r!- th ir mput to the mana' m nt in c nnati n pr mu t b cc ntr lll d a mu ·h ·1 p > tbh:: through ll: ti.:<l . t mati<.: pro- dur .... p I le and inf rmati n [ar I th d ·narrn ·all ' int ,a ·tin' · >rt.: ol cur nnna m1.:nt inf mnati >n pr >c Lm r 1 : l < 70, I p ·au th re had nnt b n a m1 I t and > ~tall tud ' me tin • mana 11 m nt pr >1.: 111° n eel or alkquat c mmunkati 11, h th.: d I >1 thi tud ' ' 'l <l mon tr~llc I. tudie mad b ' · >n- ult ant la ·k h detail >f a Lua! >pcration ·tn<l t thcr ot 'r LJt <..l pth w ·r ith , h >rt-Ii ·d c. r on ·1 I artiLular in, 1 0a) hi ·h c ,ulcl b don in t.:t mmitl i t lw ll t l tl n t t tal mana , 'Ill 11 t < mmuni ation. In pit· o h limitation. , hi"'h trin° nt tim an<l pla • n mana 0 m nt ommur i ath n, thi t udy ha attempt d tc. liminat a m 1 ·h a rnati ' luti>n ti a 1idin 1 mat' m nt' n d >r o n tin 1 th m ·ith at tal m ilizutirn le I C . ud a d 1°11 <l p1.:ci fie all ' to te t the I oil< • in , h po the Thi I. a c ntinuin° mana 1 cm nt n' d OJ rapid and a ·c irate r lea , ot t ·hni ·al ·om- muni ·ati rn at l th re ula1 aPd irr ·gular inter t~ hi ·h i n l bcin' m t b pu Ii ·atic. n < fi c . he n ed ma h f )r tting O al ·reatin alt rnati , c aluatin, alt rnativc , planning, or a1111m . In - r di mi 1atin inf rm ti n. c dur trained indi idual an 1 lat the l·e la man a cmcn t c mm uni ali n and imp! m n t the p( ten t1al apabiliti pu h ati n flt t Ir du ' 7 Qu ti n t b n wcr d -- Th foll win que ti( n w r e plo red in thi tudy : 1. I th mmuni ation lcv I maintained by management in an e tabli h d rganiLati n ad quat t m t th maj H portion ol th routin ta I· or which managcm n t i r pon iblc? Tc what c men t maintain an awar n r th total ffo rt in olv d in f ul- rl' rdcred b it cu. tom r . llo am nabl a ituatl n 1 er at c.l h n pr< r ional ngm r , 11<l c1 cnt1 t mu t r .oim nt auth r h ip of th ir t hni aJ '< mmumca ti n ithin the nmd f tnct ch dulc an I con ult ation 1. )I or C Hr -- ti 01 b 11 ncng1n In \i hat m·111n r d m nt ll u c Ul:h l mm u111 ·,,ti rn a pll)\ i I th Cl m1111micatic n lk ibili t to cnabl man a 1 c ·n ti al tool for imp1 l cm nt <. th cntir or'~niZ'1ti<. n'? It i not un omm n in the pc ialization \ hich oc ur in omparn that in quiti lop in pr c.lu in 1 h ct rnpan ' I m·,l pr cl u m f th i la 11 l J ' ra l i l ll O f U ll t i < I\ \ h i h lo I · i 1tcrt i1 ec.l. proc.lu l o a no uI rnal ir Jllili\: \ h n mmun1 ti I • h tnr If ub I l din< l , h · rd . >r. l.:rU hcd rm ra1c. )al; 11 i h<\! ' nali m n <le ciib d it in rclati< n c th r <l ta1 c I man c mpanic unpr d produ ti it ' b in ·rin, r pr h th ma ximum . t 1blc. he , n ml · ti ' t thmkmg p 1 I a d in thi a ' pr· c t the indi id aJ fr m ham1 rin< pl.,< ut \ I lll\: I r du ·ti rn liminat' all c I th th · pnd u --u n p10· In g n ral wh n the individual c uld not be engineered ut f the produ ·ti rn proce , then the individual a d ign d int a procc that all d for rep titive work that any rn could pcrf rm. ib· n: 1 7 p. 64 Th job enrichment pr gram of the Volvo mpany drarnaticall dcm n trat what gr at fl ibili ti can b d b manag m nt " ith prov n u ·c s . he b red m and ab cntcci m which plaouc a mbJ lin opera ti n w r dealt ith practi ·aJI It i. int r ting to not' that the V >lvo guideline f r ph ical cqui iti n inclu<l d: • nc projects the cm1 1 ) c arc to b c n ult d in the planning ta 0 c. 1 ohJcti mutb t ·cht•cth b t I u tion 1th · n idcration f nvn nmcn tal c01 dit10n and cc n )1111 1 quircm nt . TI1 c j > b c n vi r nm n t h o u Id b a r i k. -I r a po i b I t l h Ip th 11JO hi \ Hk and build up a le ltn' >f 1<l nt1ficat1 n "1th th1,; · mpan m: J97~ he c t~nt to\\'} i h mana 1 m nt rcaliz cJ ho\'\ II th nuld b nclit from int r~1 ·t10n ,v1th cmJ lo.'c~ t ad 'rec\ h H.: <le ·i ion makin' , ,a d >11' fat th rd \11th• ltn th·rn t1aditi nally po 1hh.: h )\\ ad mini tration at it l c t. h le <l1car ' that ta 1' be am 111 th "t am' appn ·1 ·h, th m re work va r quin: d of a h indi i lual. But pr >du ti ity and quality incrca n<l th1 r ~ liz , ,h n Hl <.: n idct that ca h indi i<lual un1ld th dir tt b •nc tl • hi fh rt • " ht h 11 ort than uld authoritari- 1 rul . 11 1 rn mb <l hrth r it th t t <lv h n , 1111 I . c< rnmunil.:. ti< n j h in ol k on ·hil it th am r ult . 1 11d thi rth.,. 1i I f '/rt tit ll I . di H! t ( p ., h ana 1 ' m n t ith th 11 diti nal lin h·1 mimn al lll lull i h • 111< 1c it t· n il I pro<lu t i <l nib! man a ·m ·11 11 r m·1 1a n 11 t • d n d rk u · lilit 1 f hi a ilit_ : ar d tI th. t uh qu nt attempt to ·r ate I rt 1 ram t< ch · n 'C p I pk· ttitu l ar . rg_' TI ~ I au manau m ·nt i r ol t in, t l ut th nt it It 1 a ·d , n he cone It >I a formal >P'anization. h lo ,h_: < f ormal r 1 nizati n tend t ir flu--n mana 1 cm nt t) a umc h· t: 1. h c 11! rclati, n hip that matt r in an nruam all m arc th • <l ·t 111 <l b th' r arn, ati 11 ·h· rt and manual. 2. The behavior of people in organization is governed by explicit logical thinking. The subordinates will do what i expected of them only under logical incentive and clear communications. 4. The administrator kn ws best when a problem arises. 5. The employees at the bottom would behave differently if they knew the economics of the situation. The monumental problem within a company tructured under this type of y tern arc beginning to be alleviated by communication programs. Managcm nt can, through thL m ans, alleviate the ten ion which have be n -reated and work toward in rea ing motivation. More c plicit and valuabl analy c ar t b found in the treatises f Ma 1 w and Ilerzberg. Da i ' compari n or ,1a 1 )W' ne d-priority m d I in relation t HcrLbcrg' motivati n-hygi n model in figure _ i pertinent. Davi : 1967 p. 7 many I hych 0 r at c nc rn t manager i motivation and anal 1 • Th ma1ngcm nt I ld ha tudi f man \ hich a al o part of , ial cicnc , mcdi ·ti ci nee and , . Th re ar , ::ice 1 ding t He , Jr., irtuall a man th Hi · o m )ttva lion a there ar SELF REALIZATION AND FULFILLMENT ESTEEM AND STATUS BELO GI G AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY SA ETY ANO S CUR ITY PHYSIOLOGICAL EEDS MASLOW ◄ i urc -· Ma lo H rzb rg en a: 0 r u <( LL _J <( z 0 r <( > r 0 en a: 0 1- u <( LL w z w (.!) > :::c: WORK ITSELF ACHIEVEMENT POSSIBILITY OF GROWTH RESPONSIBILITY ADVANCEMEN RECOGNITION STATUS INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS SUPERVISION PEERS SUBORDINATES I COMPA Y POLICY I ANO ADMINISTRATIO JOB SECURITY I WORKING I CONDITIONS SALARY PERSONAL LIFE HERZBERG s eed-Pri rit 1 del 111p3 red to h tivation-1 I O nc 1 d I. en :E w 1-- (.!) z 0.. 0.. <( _J a: w > 0 10 p ych lo ical th ri . ln ra t over the p:J t de ad , v ral pap r have b n d v ted to devi ing ch ing vari u th ori of motivation int meaningful cat gori . (H )we: 1974, p. 420) It i helpful in thi tudy to not llowc' gen ralization that 'Motivati n ha th philo ophicaJ tatu of an int rv ning variabl or phyp( th ti al con tru t." Thi help in making rcal1 tic analy f manag m nt/publi ation ituati n b cau e it trc th' n d for relying on mbination of b erv- able cv nt a an und rlyin ba i. of all m tivation tud1 . ro ing out of th inequiti ithin a · mpan here great I ciali1ati n i nt ar attempt t( bung the d d ion making point >fa c mpan tu a m r r ali tic p int in th or ani1.1tion· l chart. I ri at indu tr ha b en d Hng thi by u in th matn tru tur that had b n pi n r d Ill( r than t\ n t ar ago b the a r > pa indu try. In it l 1t m re 111 1 ·ult c >mmuni ati n n tv.ork , tht 111110 • lion \ hi ·h re ult d hav bccn worth the n k. Th ~ 11 \ 111 1 rpt ' rnin°' rnulti-dimcn i< nal matri. an: r 1 \Ullt t mana '1.:mcnt- l rnrnum ·ati n in r-r lati< 11 hq : In a m ul t1 im , 10nal n 1 ani1at1 m i Hl makin I t nd to be . . p11.:ad a ro th ruanization. > Ion r 1 th lu c ·uti r pr 1 I nt r qu1n:d t pa 1udgm nt < n im1 ortant i uc. < t o thl: d 1 ton u1 m <l at the m1<ldl m·rna 1 cm nt l •I, but n unilaterally~ th int nt i t > pu h ·1 ion makin l a for do\\in int< th' ( ro:.111iza ion a p a 1d n >urn 11 c 1 r nip n n u . \ h. t ~ir • h r qui r m n t < ma · in , u h a rk'? tr t rcquir 'nH.:nl i that · >mmunic-1til n ithin h 'l>rporati n be th imd ' and r k ant <la a mu t l tl all \ ho ha \,; a 11 ed /0 k.110\\. , ri 11 iti inf rm·1 i< n ftcn mu t b\.: di ri ut d " II b ) nd thl: 111 dan 'l:f thut < m lata ill 111 d their \ 'a ' ut th i alta h d uit . lead ~ I t - or ll:rrl 1 h lal h. t l u in iti n h111 1 rapid! nl 1<l 1 t1al rmat1 )11 111 ·1_ b n1 ·1 'aila ·r llll:11 l i ah t un r land an I u th in: I . pp. , ma· >rit ' l I i1 dual ·uh tali >n h 1J hil it ma/ iz lid il t t ha1 I n in I multi- ii · ii < • • Hl n t h · · ·d ii a r I Ulllli rnal ·tnd I u · •i n c·w • t dc air > er o i rcall apr r· i in · ' -t< -<la p · nt th· t l ind o · ituati m he tun ional ar <l h I in' man·1 r j )inti n di· 1 r orman that I t he indi idual kn >\ \.: ·1 ti , • h r he d I him. 1 p m· 11'1 l m nt mu al l n ur, th· t bl th h • I m ti rnal and th Bu in oard mana' r i.lll: 1 en th authori • rt: pm ibili ' , nd a c mta ilit >r uc · full · atta111in l th ·ir < c . ll: ultim· tc mca ur m h • l m 1 - an hort-t rm rate r pr fi •r >\ th . • 1kin m • orkahl d • nd )11 th· c tahli hrrn:nt l I an 11 r nm nt >I tn• t and '< n 1 nc urturin an l crp uat1n 1 thi 11 ir nm ·nt mu l b •·n al th' r ll p 11 f th organizati >n . orporat g al ·ind bjectiv mu t b n by e cry mpl ycc as g od prop r pot ntially achi abl , and worthy t f tr ng c mmitrncnt. Only th n can an individual ommit him lf with a cl ar ' n i n t) achi ving th g al while rking in a complex sy tcm of intcrl king re p n ibilitic . (Goggi1 : 1974, p. 60) Th c ob r ation on Dow ornin g multi-dimen ionaJ matri op ration are applicable al o in the pubJi , ctor with vrtain obvi u adju tm nt . though th profit motiv i not a r 1 vant a th ul timate m a ur m n t, growth c rt a inly i . Thi i ecn not o nl in long-ran g planning do um n t but in th ntcr' nnuaJ R port which ac ount fo r manag m nt of m 100 milli n f w rk : 11 d1 c1 it1 d comp t n ' ag r pr >J t mar~ctin , ·o mp titivc o t p iti m o- ra d ant g , and lcct d t am a r en ha p rmitt d [ th a al cnt r l to ach1 a bann r )rk. ar durin 1 7 . \ rk input m a ur f p rntin und and output m a ur d in term or pr j ·t /, rk. uni t pla .. /J b t rd r · a hi cd unpr ccd ntcd I cl D mon trat d t m tc ting . . ill u trJ t d an add d "1pa b1Ii t), ... to p rf rm hi 1c1 rd r t t n<l al uatit n f ·panding I t upport 1 i n l th n tc1 I a pot n tial a th I • I· r 1 an 11at1( n ft r full !if -, 'l , ar m t m t tin 1 • • • • J'. al 1 11 1 grt.:at tr pla cd >n ommunt ation mu t rt.: 1 ardt.: d in t ru p r pccti ommuni :.Jti, 1 fa ha he n don tltr u h >ut 111 t r , hut on! ir r nt tim h tc ·hni ·aJ writin 1 b1.: om o a 11 ' id ntiltabl . he in I a in, am >Unt l fi r u trial a 1d milita ' pr du ·t that had t > h'-= d cribl:d, per - at d. and r 1am ai11 d 1cquncd that mm uni .1tio11 t '·hniqu' b >1nc Ill< r' I hi tic t <l t r a ·h th ir ializ d au Ii n it h i . mo t m1nd-b 1 glin 1 • d an · arc dih ' d· , r our ·e apa ilit.' ·111 a hi ·d ri 1 t n \ by th k t fl ni nn ribu ti >n to hl: m' hani · om ut , in 1 th la ·1. hn i 'JI l mmuni ·ation h J rm ·ipl 11 C Ill int . l 111 n ' . . nd • 11 ti ' . C d \'Ol I l ll man pr ,t . d th . th t mu Bu th hni · din, lllllllli n multi I tru t 1 r n d < undati >11 I l i I arl , and I . , 11 . r - ar' 111 urn a1 1 Ii d ( llllll l. t h kiU . arc r ar I . l t j ar h and Ill h I a t th nn'r Ill 1 hi h hi i l o 1 • • ill n ) t a t mp t , <l , th It 11 . I l th I th h tt "th •r. aird : I 7 . p. hni al mm uni ·ati n t <la . h J al 1 i ii c c n t • r • u he r and l:d1t >r Ifandb) · i p ·dll · n thi p >int : Th primar r ,du ·t I all t • tin, c aJuati rn 1c ·ar h, tind d' cit pm lit " ' lrk hat i p r- 1t rmcd a P int 1u u i inf rmation. f urth •rm r', all u ·h < rk i lar I ' \J a tcd uni thl: r' ultin' inf mati mn uni ·at d ·I ·arl ' and l: mpl t I ' t, th > h an t it. a d i ilc cnt·r: I I p. _) Re arch in thi ar a h l that i 0 ni! 1 ·ant ftc rl ha ... n dire ·t ·d in d 't rminin° the inform · ti n nc d f h' f· 'd ral < ernm n t a \: 11 a in maintain in° I m -ran 1 phin . I Haa e analy e manag ment information y tern whi ch failed and which have ucce ded and a crib th fate of th f Hm r to " Failur to maintain 'rel vance f in fo rmati n to th ne d >f management .... " (Haa c: l 72, p. 4 .) ne in ight int the difficulty of maintaining relevance i that the edcra] ov rnm nt i on rncd wi th app ro, im atcl 1 04 program ; th r ar 1 cliff r nt d part- m nt , agencic omm1 ion , or un cil managin ' th e a tiviti ; and m re than 40,000 grant arc mad y arl th rough th 7 0 r ei pt ac ·o un t , l prngra m . Th ar 1 72 budg t c ntain d 1,250 a ppr pria t ace unt , of fi d ral pr gram alto th r compri ing l 6 000 rnd ivid ual d lL1r figur publi h d in th Pr idcn t' Bu<lg t, ach > hi h rcfl ·t ~ d ral pr rram d i i< n . " Th t talit of int nmation n d d t) up1 rt th rcq ui r m nt 1 n att mp t to Jd<lr th1 dn r 1t of inf I mat ion n t:<l in th t pap r w >t1kl b up rf1 ·1 ~1I." llaa : l 7 _ p. It i a ' to under tand. H that ba 1. \Vh "int( 1mati1 n >t t n u l > <l ·rib th gt ttt 1uantiti of r 1 ai t i 1 rmati n \\ hkh mu l b 1 cn rat d lt p rmit <l· ii ' <l ht t in na ti mal ~ont.:c 111 ·au 11 '\\ uhi ~ --1 to < 111 int > l!r at im1 >rtan ·c and old ubj t.:t to d\ ind! . 1ana 1 r 11u t b p1 p·,r d \' 'itl info1mati >n tcm hi h \' ill tH t I t ti cm d( \\ n in °aininlT ad quatc d·1 a , 1 nc, ' ub'c >r to , a t • tim in 1 aini1 n add d J rot I m h r i that i l >1 mat i 1 <lata m t Id th m h · r I ui r • 1 lll 1 I ad t imc t >r th1.: ul · ct •hidt i i to up1 , t or the n I imp) tn ntati n. ·n1i lim it II ma I , r If 10n, alua i< n, ·1 · · ati 111 a , th in rm ti >11 r qu 111 int rm·titn t ·I i. . , th 1ati n l . Ill 11 out th J o rnrn nt al n p • ar. I n h d . ptil II I 7_ n •-ran pli nnin, th di ·llin 1 ( I rni on in t th <l Ill 'l r1I d th t th I 70 un Ull t I ·tall:d · l t11 ·mat th r ar , · and J_7, npl, [unJ ir ula nl Ir matit n d m d in · nd 01 rati 1 1 in lll11' l1 Ill . ·nin· ti 1 ah.:d ith 'r tit ·in 1 1 uh I 1 ardin 1 It i c mm n J h at o broad >al h n orp rat c · an i< n · nd han ,·n, C< 1111 an a l ct rather than plannin° it lutur'. a rrc II di - pu ~ the lO 1 U a t O l' ] pi l U r ' l f th i d Ca ch i 11 tl ' 11 t 111} r a ry 11 a 11 a ' Ill c Tl t pl · 11 11 i 11 1 : It [lon°-r·m" tannin 1 ] i IH t ... a pre c makin° t< rrn rrm: ' d ci i n ll <la , n , i th tom 01 r , in mind a d a 111 an a pr ·c dire led t ard mah:in t ><la parin f r uturc d ci i n ) that th ma b mad ra1 idl c< 11om1 'all , and ith a di rupti m t th bu inc , p. I ut rather f pr - li ttle l M:rnagem nt i c ntinuall faced with uncertain plan to mak change which will rcatc gr at bu in impact. If thi i continuall done nl in on ar a of th ·ompany interc t it unwi ely limit th ov rail c p f th plannm ff rt. Th p r p ctive of a good foundation for plannin , al o i n t aided h n man a m n t d not r ' 6 n ii all factor and w ight th m corr tly. R ·1liz tion that t )da p ·iali1at1 n and fra m ntation c r unction of c mpani cxi t i m re a ·au or ·hallenge, th reforc, tlnn or di ·ma a dir ct re ult o rnpidl panding t Bl mf1c1d and Wolf. a ·ial und r 0 t in ·hang whi ·h m to 11 d and dir ·ti nl' ,1 a1 th ·hangc 111 chn )! g . ' Bl om 1dd: I 97 , p. _ . that admmi tnli c tt; ·hniqu a1 air ad lillin' th 1 a1 and prov1din 1 ltr•ctH n in I t mmuni ·ation- . n ·1ou " rid. L >l·ing l:11 larth r than the 1 , l- tin 1 ,1nd mana I m nt b obj ·t1 · mm •nd1.:d by ii rne. ( !.!:UH 1 , E ·uti C J Ir tht: l I 11 1\1 omm1 i m, a v, d that .. r llVC mana 1 mcnt r qui11.: r )llow-thwu • 1 b yi nd 1 )al ttin I h • fl: ul ap1 rai al r, ult . 1 anovt I ) . p. I 14 haptcr 2 M HOD ana 0 cr r alize that communication v ry c n itler bl within the amc ompan . arian e uite apart fr m th crcat d b cu t m rd mand · t bccau f hange ithin publication ffic th m lve , pri riti f l th r '< mpan , ~ d p, rti ular management c d . up nmp u < n lu ntint1 u c mpan int racti n i th fr qu nt an l d man<li1 n d a --h ·u t m r. In an r 1 , ni,atiqn uch a th Taval 1i ilc cnt ·r, ral hundr., pr ram arc runnin° c ncur• rc11tl ad 1 tom r . ft i a ' t, e . th n, th· t m intaini ., an mmunicatic n y tcm f r th ba ,, · routi c 1.· >mpl in · ti 1 al the ad q 1ac r ll llllrl1t1nic, lion b/ i olatin, factor \: hich ·tr c ,mmon 11 H ·r. u to c th r or anizati m a ' IL and anal 1111 them in r lati to th ri in. I h 'P the thi . tu /. B ·a 1. it i a t la the t rganizatin1 al tru ture, op ratin b ·ha i > and th n ir 1mc.1t uncl ·r \ hi ·h · )fllJlHllli ·ali 1 c ·11r hi •e hid r a quirin 1 ata ithh a ·h < l fc r m r th, tud '. ho n a t 1 pum ari ' itt n , • rt ba ic l each 111( dcl. th h nwl l 1 :.a h mif rmal h m d l I "alt \ ith indi idu· 11_ and th•~n i if ti' tin t' 1 h 1al i ld ul fi- ·j ·nt cc mmc n nat llf t ·I rif p rti ularl 1mp rt nl p int i 1 t c titd . am tail d c crip i n < t each i atinn can b m cl . th oil \! in 1 ripti 111 < he publica· i n c ffh: f th ent~r i int ) ref I nc . The rganiLati n f the Ph t / raphic Dep rtm nt, th ent r publicati n fi . i d crib d in term f f uncti n th t a c rtain amount f c rrelati n n be m de thr u h the ve al- ear 15 durati n f thi study without having t r acquaint th . reader with maj rand minor organizati nal changes. Thi publicati n offic handle thre cat goric of formal and emiformal publi ation : dministrative publicati n (de ignat d P) di tributed internally a 1d e ternally n managerial eff rt, p r onn I acti n r general publi affairs type data. Technical publi ati n de ignated Tl) di tributed internally r e tcrnalJy about phi ticated te hnical tudic . Int rnal technical pub]icati n d i nated ITP) di tribut d internally nly. ,. though the thre typ f publi ati n d aril. ent r in ev r mana em nt deci i n, it i u ual that each maj r pr ith it t r c rd m jor nal and final re ult a 11 a , in m ·a , th av nu of tfi 'i' I \i ntt n mmuni t1 n 'lf d alt \ ith parat m n t deci i n mad thr ugh th r in the app ndi. . h lll1;r' publi ·ati n ffic ~ pr) 1d ritin . dttin°. mp) iti n, illu tr. ti n, r 1d la ut un ti n f r \ hich ar ub q u n I d rn al t th 1,; n t r u t p, rt l f th Point 1 u 0 u mpJ J:.lft llh r and bditor JI r db k , nd dir t in Hm ti 1 pr< - d t th a the r b ti publi hin(l' < fi , th in nmati n in i m ~ pro id ti 0 uid lin r r pr du P. n ' tcm i maintain \ ithin th publi ·ation o fi · . maid l' it p > ibl to n rHn I, '-in, thro 1 1 h a I< fli·l: uncti 11, t I '->ut. ... .. l ll I the a· ·ural doc11- m ntation re· Ii tic < l an;-il ' ' can · nd hav b n I >n to m t ari u m· na m t n d . It i I rtith.:nt t( note th· t \ h n v rk f la k o <lat 1, autht r r p n m rial i , mat rial r pr c dure ith rep rt num rin · nd Jrit_ ·he k ut. n ur a cura tc m· in l ·n·mc l ·1 r p >rt thr u /- p I · nd Di trihuti n I rm .. it 'Ill ·rittcn a pr · l b auth r. hi d part- melt. th Jdmini trati mmand, an<l th pu licati n 111 ·c ' \ ell a uth 1iz- ti n l pu Ji h, nature < f in~Hmati n and h c.11 tn utit n. n c < mpan mg \ rd earn particular \ ·ithin th· re , rt. th' manu crip It cati n r rd, and nc ar i1 rmati n H c la ·c mtin. or a cc n 1d ra I pen d f tim , the enter' pu licatic 11 \ a in l ed i 11 pro I u in t hnical manual . Int r ffice pr cedur ~ r nvcrtin manu ·ript t cam r -read p \ r I PRODUCING A NAVAL MISSILE CENTER TECHNICAL PUBLI C ATION r par th R ort manu npt. Th followrn docum nt , v 11 from th Do um nts t10n of th Librar in Bu1ldrn , ma b us ful to th author a . 1fic Mi il R n and U V I 1 s i I Handb o 1-) b. T hn1 ntin t Point u u ( ) vi -· v.; ur s t r I h m nu ripl / HI I, pa, , d on If h m nu rJ 1 rk h F tll A 7. T Af no C h p u r nd h nd D1 na ur u 10n f rm n r n h clud d rn t h ho uir d ch n an por in er p in . an d o h print hop. Th T n rm d nd di tribu hnical i a f m ( mp d n 1f1 Butld op • h T h Publi cord in nt r Author nd ditor. P - - ) r 1/; xll r unm rt , and 1 Af r h d1 or ubm1 u lie 100 r , on 1d onl hnt Pu 11 100 u hor h m nu f r 1 1 h r por a ft r 1 ' h nd h he T ,eel i.hcell ···~ F rit rv 1 71 i 0 ure . Tcchni aJ Pubh ati n ,uid line . 17 e entiaJly the ame a for pr ducin the t chnical publication . Technica] manual were cho en a the fir t m del for inve tigati n b caus their pr ducti n involved direct c ntact betwe n writer, contractor ngin er manager , and u er thr ugh out the manual s production. Report pr pared during the sam p riod were uch that th publication lficc wa n t inv lvcd until the manu cript wa written and revi wed by the auth r' department. 1 ,ch, the te hnical m, nual opera ti naff rded a chance to cc fiv typ of peciali t at w rk fr m planning tage thr ugh to the final manu 1 publi hing. Th inve tiga ti n made f thi p rati n ive on id rabl in ight int h w communi ati n c pabilitie er appli d r t m t mana m nt' n cl ____ r gl m. Th pr bl m p d t hunch thi m a d t rrnination if nt nt p cifica- ti n ~ r rnm nt t chni cal manual " limitin° t th publi ·ati< n fad 1uat u r m nual . r. h r n id rd 111, pr ti"tl n , u·h · 111 quipm nl r plac rn nt r r pair a pp> d to inf rm· ti n u r uch hmc,1) n1' nual · man a r " uJ d Ii k. I b thr ugh a n f · mpl pr · dur n might v1 ualt1 that ir t a t ·hni ·al man 1aJ ( ntra ·t r a t i vit P m c n , t h c c ) n t 11 t th i c n t . 1mplit 1 in l th 1 1 a pr parin tipulat indu d in th tinal m~ n 1al. n ·han, tipulati n mu t b r qu t d and 1 r· nt l a a d iati< n t< th < ri inal c nt1a ·t. 111..-, • 1 I - 1- I 7 I a 1 d l - 1- l 7 _ ·1 r · th • I mil.' o cc n t n t pc i i a ti< n • u t ·hich thi t d.' be 1 an. f H man u· I c< n rnin , ai rb rn • annam n t a p n re J • ti l •. quipm nt. airb rn m1 ilc . ·tnd on nti n· I · ir ar uni 1 f lf thi tud in that the. d a a hmil 1 r< ttJ t , th r \ ·ith I l· p· ni n manual 1 uid . me I • con id ·1able numb ·r J 1n- nual ha b n pr du d in · rd· n ·n h th ith th r quir - mad b.' m n t l th anal ,m at1 n . m anin 1 ul mmuni :Jti n cti ard pn du ·in 1 the kind hkh nt nt p ·cifi" ti rn . i le tha m . " hi nt a I· 1g 11' ng t th in tim and r r nn·l i1 >lv <l n an n manual, the intcrpr ti n chan°ed uf 1ci nll. t a dit- ~ rent a in° to manual pr par ti n. I int rprctati n ha hang d in at q 1art r < th di ciplinc inv I cd rit r , c ntract r , n ineer , mana r , · nd u r 1t uld b " 11 t p th di 1plin 1 ·1ppris d; parti ularly manager , wh e direction could be adju ted thereby ~ r incrca ed cc nomy and effi iency. Ba k r und. w r cent naval di a tcr hav made an imp rtan t impa t n the military and ivilian FORR Januar I 9 rk. Th fir t was an p] i n b ard the aircraft carrier on 9 July I 6 7; the e nd ab ard the nu lea r-power d carrier JAM T RPRI V. n n dut in th ulf f T nkin, th R T L pcri nc d the w r t naval di a tcr in ur h1 t ry inc th nd W rld War II. h , 0-ton carrier, third larg t in th avy, J t 1 4 f It plan , and i 1num r bl con cnti nal ap n nd 1111 ii b ituati n br u ht und r ntr 1. Th Januar} 191 a ci<l nt aboard th oth r arn r au d a n f pl 1 n r ulting in ) milli n <lama 0 and th cath cf _7 men. mmon to b th in ·id n t \ a th tcchnic l man u 1 . hi \ a a 1 ra h' d l\ ' rn th rtectiv nc o c mmuni · tic n and th m na 0 m nt- · mmunicat1 n relatit n hip. hint l thi ap1 ar d in t} I Jul a ( unt in th rk 1m un r a n, a plan pa · r th arri r' i la d mid\ a up th d p ·,i •nc <l an • me \i 'l t·1rt." malt un ·ti n c mpara k to \ ·hat happ n n · I 1 · · it <l 't t r ha · b n t >t tll. cur ~ b ut rn a \ k l n attack <.:' r- l ll dlz nor< iian ]· un hin '· .. tl me Ia h d park d n·ar th e t rda . · • ··1rd from th parked · t, i 1 nitin° a mi f th I. th ir n°in turnin, · r ir r ~ din • h ro "k t •• ht t a th d k " apt aid. "and a litk f fat ma h d int a r · m th p Ht ' iii· n ·111d 0111111 r ial al nt mbin <l t n m m in th umrn r l I cap n up. tH n 1 , and p rhap rn Hie w1I. that ~ 4 L PRI in id nt al h·d an u d l< d· C mp) nd mad ti J r ult thi · mmitt , draft \ , r made fa p ci 1cati n a ut \ hi h thi m dcl 1 • nc rn future c hni al manu· l . · nd ·1 uidc ul 111C p 7. - m thi at th urin a rn < nflict in af t ' rela cd t t ·hni ·al cumcnt re r· p1dl I r >du d. it all the do ·um nt partm nt the a i 1ca ti n the amil f . nt nt r all pr · d ire n d le pr) ll e 1 It is helpful to the under tanding of thi investigation to be aware of the de ignated outline f MlL-M- 1700 (th military pecificati n f r technical manual c ncerning airborne armament equip- men t referenc app ndi of th e outline. , and th pr ci e 20-page de cripti n which foll w in direct interpretation It i imp iblc t c nsider the total number of manual pr duced in ace rdan with 1968 co n- tent pecifica tion . They are t num ro L1 . They rvc to cattercd a gr up f LI er in rnerica and ab road. They al o re prc nt t o large a num b r f clas ified ubj ct . ven if they co uld b c Jlectcd a a gro up, far tc o man variabl uld be pr nt to i ]ate an d ac urat ly dra, mean in f ul ' n lu i n . It i al ti tmp rtan t t dif rentialc b t e n literal and implied m aning n~ r n r in m m han . Th f t fo rth in pecifica a i tin m gov rn- m nt , < rk r n int rpr tati m o c ·act dutic and r quircm nt ,ordin t d t, n ntractor nd mm nt rit r 1 produ lH n p1 f p pl f vari u i· h/ d di ciJ !in rn- m nt rVI nd pri at indu tr . c ntributi n t th final manual in unpr - di ·ta 1 h rnm nt' umqu k p I lc t . crt 1gnific· nt inOucn 'C in int 1pr tin p ifi ·ati n . h ir b~ ·k 'Hund can ran b t,· n qualift <l to un 1u lifo:d. n11n, to Id. familiar l( unf· miliar , ith an_ r l ll I ha of th pr jcct: ca 'h r \ hi h an le p in l< a p ili c < r n ative intlu n •. Pr ducti n in · man r liminar a 1 n d h: m· n· 0 m nt. ador m- id r•<l ar t m ctin) pr ducti n ·h <lul . anJ u r n cd. h~· in 1 pr l: d tl11 u,h rifi ati n that th man al I t ·hni 'ally · mpl t •. h n in 1hil ·re au cd b_ h 111111 nt ma' h 11 p lie. l ra t e 1 , a t or : an nu tuat : lat 1 t i_ ma~ n cd t b r fl t d in rcla tcd manual t ti >n "b v ith ut ntrc llino rd and · d qu· c. · due- I ict niaJ manual : and mana m nt i mpl ic . quipm nt I cati 11. ~quipm nt d pl m nt. • m- al I c ti n . and in rca rng hi h rcquir han, thr LI 1 Hit th pr d ucti n f manual . Ther ~ re, th man cable p rti n f thi r 11 - 17 . int v ith ri i- nal mm1tt emcn h draf d thi · nt nt I ci 1 cati n. and f II di ip1inc fl r th ir int r- pr lati n f th1 pec1 ficati 11. 0 urv . Th urvey form in figure 4 wa d vi ed a follow . Tw et f ix questi n were for- mulated. n w r w uld b ace rdin to a grad uat d scale f five in ere men t from (I alway , to (5 n ver. An wer w uld be c nfidential t en urage h ne t an wer fr m pe ple w rking n the am or irnilar r rojc t . The graduated cale wa u efuJ in mea uring th opinion f strongminded individual and f 11 11 ommittal typ individual with ut p cifically que ti ning th ir con ervative or lib ral tendcnci Pc ple n t p ificall acquainted with c nt nt p ifi ati n n a daily ba is were, urpri in ly, n t quick t ·ho e (3) no mment" f ran an r a w r th e dir ·tly cquaintcd. Qu ti n t ( et 1 wer d i n d t d t rmine interprctati n gi n t c ntcnt p ci 1 ·a- ti n . Th e w uJd b tabulated mpar d with c th r 111 the ame di cipli, , c mpar d \ ith di ·iphne , and \! ith the intcrpr tation f th c >mmitt \ hi ·h dra tcd th c nt nt p ·ificati n . rt in qu lion , uch · n . 4 and l bli h if th individu·1l ur d had c n i t1011 a u l the purp of th fin I pn du ·t. th m. nual, v hich h mi ht um 1 tti 1 I \ i h t c n caJ. u • t1 n 7 tc I ... l _ w r d i n d l ,jv d1r t1 n t furth r tud int a r Jan t imp! - m nt 111 re • tru tur d" manual affcc cd I br ch· ngin' int rpr ta tic I ( ail ria d um nt b > au J nn:n,, · nd I > q I nniIH! y mana, •r thi in ti ati n pr 1 1 d, it b ·1111 app. r nt IY t th· u1 1 • wkl b • 'a r 1u t d in ral area . mad ct 1 . Th 1 , th ur r >m the ri 1 inal thr to i. roup . k p th the i~Jd u r >11 • • m t n I O r )I Ip C>lltnllli'ali 11 Jf rm bri hen it \ ound th· t la · f th ir di intc1 l r tali >11 u d b_' ll f >fund th ur ilh rn· llll' I c cpt t r th di id d i 1 rm1 u d t id nti al I Ianati n < t< h< th d. 11 • n ur- d 1 di id ual \ h had r a11< th r ur h I. m the th r p int f d arc d en ·iplin d ·1 t th tt Ill II \ . : lud d ra · tc tud nt unfamifr r \ 1th t hnical m· nu I . h J r idcd a ba lit c pi i n · nd ere th nly n a ' d c n tru ·ti criti 'i m , hi h ~ a int nd d t r m di yin th ur c . I THI Q TIO AIR I O FID TI L. Plea c circle th number which r pre nt y ur an wer. The numb r ar 1 al ay ft 11 n c mm nt 4 eld m 5 never l. ont nt p cifi ati n h uld be amend d regularly t ave id n d r que ting deviati n fr m c ntra t . .... ndcr II conditi n it m in c nt nt p ' are me nt to be r tive uidc t pr par th final manual. Th m t imp rt nt crit ri n in d t rminmg t hnical manual c n nt h uld b th n d f th u r. 11 t ra t r q u 1 r m n t r th p · h u Id n t d t r th pr parin tivit fr m 11 id rin th u rtan t. ia ti ll n bl and m t m< rn man uaJ n tra l all \! th b pr p· r d n an t· ndar<l111n m·u1u J i nH 1 imp< rtant ti. n tr. ' in to h 111 manu I \! ntm '· 7. 1uat manual an b prep· r d \\ ith nl a )lltra' r quir m nt. r , Ul)lli.ll pr ha · part in pr par· ti n f · II t drni .. I publi · ti m . I 1r dit ri' I h r dl k 11 di c l , u r th· n ]lli I • th Ill I I . n I ant·1, 111 " h rt-term pr jcd . · ut >mated pr nt m th d o manu·tl r parati 11. . pro I C n and · 11 w· II , ill b h. rm nual i mili ar. p mrnu I • 1r I nma 1 2 l I rit r. b. r d r o d. milit· ry 1 i I t 1 1 t ' • r. . di t rh I m · n . · n k. ut h nizin l n •. ) l·i ur c hnical nu I In ti ati< n ur rm. 4 5 5 4 5 4 4 2 d H c mmittee, Gr up . Thi was a group f five individual from the original Ad H c W rking r up whi h drafted the c ntent pecifi ation and c mpanion do ument n procedure for pr paring t hni al manual . They were al o interviewed to determine the phil phy behind prepa ra- ti n f th content pccification . 3. urv y Gr up, r up . Thi group in luded individual fr m ea h di cipline inv Jved in manual pr paration. The e di iplin pert in d t writ r , c ntr ctor , en inecr , mana er , and u r . 4. Inform d urv term in th rm. nin rm d ur re up B. h1 lr up includ d I opl unfamiliar \! ith the t rm inv nt ti n in a dir t mann r an \ ho r q uir d an pl n ti 11. he P >pk \ 6. tJ .1111 " plar ati n I t rmin )] o pl ri n in nor than n di 'iplin b in, m ·1 urcd b I th1 ur h w r a k d to ompl t th ur at am th r tim 'ith th ir rit rion r ·111 \! ' nr , lf nM11t1al . fh < p111i n tin >Ii it d h. mail. nc r ( Ii <l . an 1 thu h arnplin > m· lJ t b val id. tr I r • rl_ in th ur ntr I r up · J p · r d , 1 n up. h .. ' md it th ur ' r up t < II 111 tend th m Hll ' up. ll ni • • · . 11 · u· nt . : . p. t· bulati 11 ) th n ir ampl h c ntr f( fr m th ith m r n ll ·r n Ill< n 1 fl f rn nual . th rati up v t d l ' ri ti nt-du t chni ·1I att< n r n nu ri n . i ii c r h m k p in mind ... th th . th r t ri ti n a Ii UJ n in ta I · I . ur r 11p c uld und 1 mp rt· n · • I 'ri in \ ,. t n a ut up<latin° <..I I ti< n . h rn- A 2 6 ) I I J a 1 11 L. ti )Jl Tabl 1. * * B DE HIJ 142_ 1_ 1 __ 4 1 .., 1_ I 1 11 I_ 1 ... I 1 11 115 ... J_ 1512 ri t r J urn. c ntrc 1 r< up I - ,_ , lc1m P ,pl nlcn p i11cati n tr u t u r d nr n I I B urvey Tabulati 11 roup J * ** *** ** KLM 0 PQR T VW y abc _4445 12 ... l _ 21 ... 4 441 4 1 1 I 4_ 1 1 111111 l 1 5 1 1 1 1 ...... 1 1 1 n tr. 11 in r m r ll r , 1 oup _ _, ,:; ur ., - - int · - I l n tr I 1 rmc -I <l. ,. 4 mong writ r f manual the ra i wa 11 ye to 14 n that automati n wa the la t w rd in d veloping the b t manual . The control gr up v t d 5 4. I . ontract r . The ampling f c ntract r wa mall , but they seemed to fav r updating pecifi ati n and tr ngly ppo ed aut mati n. 1r ni all , ntra t r d n't b lieve in automati n alth ugh they them lve wer c ten iv ly aut mating their wn h p . Thi may hav been t meet th ir ntra t demand , but wa n t d t rmin d in thi inve tigati n. Writ r . Manual tr ngly f I that pec1fi ati n n d updating. Thi i tru b u th y th hard hip v h1 h utdat d I c1fi ati n im p t n th ir rk. It cm , thr u int , th t th y arc he u r i le t at t11n from th ir th u ht b ·au ·han it f rm tr qui r hau tin P'I kin) f 1 f rm · nd <l t,iL and tim m q uall a l qua l m·m ual 11 ith Ill nt nt pc ·ifi tin t hilt \ r. b ' ·1 t am of n 1 in r \ ith II nt tal nt ' nd r·,pport. ti n \ hil th thi >mmit t II· If f h h Ill i11t n r unp r n 1 m th r imp rta 1 • 11 a m re irn1 rt· nt f \ I unar inH I in b Ii I thi avor am ndin Id Ill mt nt p d 1<.:ati< JU - h ori 0 inal ph il ph _• t· ndardiz· i rn , ' rnld , ·it 1 r at r t Jt HH 11 p \ er ti I onl. the oth r hal ant t ti h h ll r n I , that · nd· rliz· tin • ti it.-. f hu th n 'in d \ ith h hilt i 1 ir t q r ·t· ti n in ti l: mm u n qu ti< n . t a ra ti al u r· n d ~ · , pnrn ith h d hat 1111 I t in rm ti n th 1 r. n id n 1 th 'I id •n d rib d in th th i tr ., • 1 t i d I{ llH f j 11 < r Ill' ll n l au inf >rmati n u r han 1anagcr . quc ti n that the ll. ith nn ar ' < r I n 1 th d ripti rn , hi h ar th pra tic· l u r. n thi m r u t th 1· na er harp) , d ith n ,jnc ~rin 1 di ·iplin in all ·cept r c prim c< n i<l r ti n in manual pr•iara ti n .ma r al re 0 1 ter d 5 more "no comment" answers. This indicate that though they agreed with the Ad Hoc ommittee, at least on paper, that content specifications should seldom be revised , they perhaps did not fully under stand manual preparation a well as did the engineering disciplines. 5. U ers. Practical users were all military in this survey. They agreed that tandardization was important for rea on that it wa easier to train men to find certain maintenance data if it were alway in the ame form and ame ection of the manual, regardles of the quipment concerned. Th ey did no t understand c ntent pecifications in rela tion to dcviati ns in e th y were not involved with either. 6. Dual di iplin . Individual with dual di ciplin e were ither in the ngine ring di iplin and rnvit, tcd t manag m nt, r w r ~ rmcrly miJitary men pri r t being en ine r . When urv d a fc rm r mili tary, th y w r tr ngl ii fa or f tandardi,in° inf rma ti n t make it a ea maintain quipmcnt a it h d b n f r th m " I ii th \ r in fr m n n urr ntJ in th mi1it r , h \ 1, in that th v rball pr d th ir a ih 111 t b a l tc in ent th ir \ n main t nan · ancl r p i1 pr r unavail- nbl . h It tlus I ill h b en Jar I ' J u r. h ·han d fr m n inccrin t man em cd in to di ring pini >n n th Jr c n<l int au tl 111· d impo ibl • h/ not full_ ap1 c ·iatin J >duction rin in T prob} m . In n raL pmcnt nd 'fl\ th. It mu t be lik \ i t< m ct their c< m• no 1 that ··11 · 11 nt ' t hnicaJ l:Oflltn lllll " ti 11 r th pro 'rum . " Rathb >n : ~- n r h c 11< t • ·i l al nc ' rv1 c th in t i • i a r l'ld r ·trum <l J th arc and \: ·r impl a i n in thi m del · m n t d. The man a ab) in 'c ti ati • thcr ·f re. in , I cd llld f r u in pubh hing pr <lure , ti~ atur of m· na m nt' ialt t· .an th i lati(n<f hi h an d clo1 c a mana cm nt p cialt toll . a umma in rmati n \ re uir d b ' mana 0 m nt o a n tern dr n It a n ded t a i t in m nag m nt ulur plan t u thi r >th r t pe f r as imp rtant in no ompari n h d been made in d pth bet\ e n the armu r c ver 111 pr Iem e ist d th t uf j i nt tim a un ailable tud all i hin e tabli hed h dul . , u fi ient differ nc. in evaluati n f the ne made t render routine ngineerin anal e irrec n il le. n a r utin tem had be n 27 team of five pe pl wa ch en 1 c mplete the analy i and prepare ummary information for management. Tw engineer working indep ndently for the rn t part pr vid d r ugh analytical data to the mmittee hairman, a technical writ r, wh put th data into acceptabl form f r relea e ut- idc the nter. t the information wa caleg rized redundanci wer eliminated. and runnin a c unt f th t tal ub tance of the tud were given t the program manager. Thi allowed the ngine r t work uninterrupted by former ta k f d umenting their own w rk ~ ettin it in publi h- able f rm ~ arching for riginaJ d cum n t raph and ref renc · and ecurin the ne e sa r m n m nt r view . The lu ury f b ing un n ·umber d nabl <l th ngin r to i lat critical o t fa tor whi h th 11 to ha . r s bl ft rm f umm r inf rmati n f th t p m na cm nt ne de n f their v rk. publi h n-makin '· bvi u. fn 1,1 th1 roup ·ommuni ati n pu Ii hin la k v r plann d rl nu ht m t man. m·nt ·h dttlc · >rdinati > 1 , 1th t chni n ur that tJ inaJ r p rt , • a in a ( rm r pr th cnt :.t tion b thi gr up. rl in th plannin ta 1 c. I rmitl d 111< <lifi .. tion < d· ta an · vc idan rm r tu pre I m ·1 t a minimum t taJ m· np >, ' r · t. n m n t > ha c a rn J id ·1 ll: I ta I \ i l hi n lh C n l C r . r h i mplc ,,'m nt Pl rtunit ' r ·ruitill ·11HI b_ ·unic r I re I ic nal mpl) h ar a in ugh n t nl t/pic· l t· k thcr ith · imilar ubli ·ati rn at an th l pr mpl , <l. in ral d p· r m nt in 1 ainin · n o in ·at· J P f rm r th um r pr r ca ·h ran h , •ithin a h i > 11 r a partm nt and th nt ' plCl: I art 111' r pine· 11_ hat th dcpartm nt produc d . a d req uircd f a · uni r pr r bran h • fun mid b ti n • t pi al du i \ hi h uld 11. n cla rat c l r- oded nng en dcp rt1m.:nt . ~ divi i n . and 1 branchc . P lica ti n c r minimal be au the rr1ohi · cl t d in a < ut the ranche Ire d n r rd ith taff. Th on] add d labor required a a de cript1 n " hich " a lic1ted dir tly r m the ran he inv 1 ed. The resulting catalog proved of valuable use in personnel recruitment and was also used by the training department office. The catalog showed that a minimum-cost document could be designed from a year's supply of camera-ready art to fill a basic management need. Case 3. Management was faced with cancellation off unds in certain phases of a program about which they required a final report on a rapid re ponse basis. Although cancellation was not foreseen it was known from the outset that minimum funding would be available for reporting to Washington. Fiv phas s or the program were underway and separate data wer generated in separate departments. Pha e II personnel completed th ir tudy and the TP wa prepared and ubmitted for publi hing. It was stopped before it wa publi h d and an attempt wa made to include the remaining phase . s than 1/ th mon ye timatcd t c mpile the five pha es wa available. On pha e, be ause f arl an llati n, \ a air ad_ ummariz d and tran mitted in a I tter rep rt to Wa hin t n. Phas l,JIJ,~ndf fr m e ch ther a ell in diffi r nt department , and the t le and typ were radi all dif~ ren r m Pha e 11. It \l a partial! po i ph· int > the a cptable t ndard th nt r' publi a i n y bring the result f th fiv rdina in with the eparate rit r , \ hi h ar cap bl d J • rtmcnt and th pr ram man rand b u r a toring th rep >rt on I B compu er rd \ hich · n b cdi d and th n u ed r rapid d 1pli a io f the fin~ 1 · ta. Int d ll' ving ummar: pr par d b th participa in n in r , a ummar a pt ar d b t b rdinatin ·b tr· r m each tion \ ith the pr ram mana er. Th mal report. al h ugh \ tlhin l an tim ram , wa bclov th land· rd f rmal h tie n r I u h ati n R ult nd nal thi d hat rapt mmu i ali n 1d b d n n rnll there \! a imiJarH t th b 1c t of \ hich c uld ha e 1 nt it el l tandard f rmattin to ave tim the ame c t. h· bee a high ualit . and 3 th final r p It u)d a tl . al alm t nt r rep rt if m n emcnt o rdinati n f th pr gram had been d n \ ith the p 1alt ction f the pubh hin tim th l a planned · nd d I at d b the pr ram mana 0 er t the van u department inv lved. The m ne " a n t t particular te plan n in a eri n iderabl better pr du t. f imilar plan , a ne d d b manag m nt ith mm r revi i n critical the te t mi i n. Previ us te t plan er handled a r utin rep rt , and, becau e they ere used nly nee, prompt! de troyed. 29 The particular te t plan needed in thi ca e involved use fat least 75 percent of the material which app ared in the pr ceding test plans, particularly, xpen iv graphic . Thi test plan, therefore, had to be regen rated in total at a considerable cost when much of the mat rial could have been f rmatted ahead of chcdule, through advance planning by the pr gram man ager and much of th e pen ive graphics aved for future u e r modificati n. imilar problem c urred in pre para ti n fa pr po al. All f the techni al data as pr vided, put in final f rm and prcpar d f r publi hin on a era h ba i when it wa realized that important t chnical change h d t made hi h could hav ea ily be n in rp rat d in the advanced pl nning tage if management and publication lfl1ce p r onn l had u cd p ·ial ervicc t l to pr duce th pr p al. Th re ult \i a v ry Jat pr po al, ith n u rror cau cd by I t minute c rr ti n that )U]d nl b rn d in hapha1:ard fa ht n. r \i ing numb r fr qu t ar b m mad r r l \i _, t 1 tibli ati n to mana - m nt. in in u ·h , mif rmal publicati c uld b r ali1 d b u in t p ritten uh 1- uppli d t t rather than c mpo r tc t. uth c uld al > be u d ra th r than th nr hi f th ional illu trat r . a bein, m t \ ith cith r th mt rnal t chni al u lkali n r ' p - duph ati n ·1uth >r ncrat d mat rial. 1 n d " ,t 111 t in I 7 it h th r in ti l u ti P t hni al m m rand un en inf rmati n v ·1 n d d f r tran mittal ut 1dc th a al 11 il nt r f r which I P nd t p -machi dupli ~ati n \ r n t uit bl . c rt in numb reprint cl form I a' ar b in 1 hich , ·ill ur h 11 n ati n i1I in ol d in · n tinual tanclardizati n and r fin m n t in >rd r t furth r r urrm C )r th 11 1lc n t r I be h th P>int .- a pu li h d in th cqmpil· ic r t th · nnual r I nt nt r the I aci 1 d i I in rti in th Ran c. nnual e rt o part rt m infi rmati n cncrated n er dat· r th1 t p f pub1i a- ti n re a ailable fr rn l\ < air ad publi h cl ur n i th le n 1 chnical Hi I li 0 1t hi h i i u d a ppr i mat 1 t i c m n th I. t c c r in d t ai 1. and in cl a n i umm rt m _ n maJ r cc mpli hment fall pn ram r mile t c pha all pr r m. under a at th ntcr. Th ,th r ur 1 • n \ I - ta Ii hcd, uncl ifi d t chni ·al 0 briefing f r management f accompli hments by pr gram pr gram pha e, or d partment. ach item in the bri fing, which i i ued we\;kly, i limited t to 4 line of copy. The first publi ation ha been expand d thi year to include phot graphs, the ec nd ha a fact page which c ntain tabulation ab ut per nnel staffing figure budget figure publi hcd rep rt fig ures, and mi sile tc t figur Data fi r the mana ment publication are received w kly thr ugh departm nt orre pondencc, me traffic, pr gram manager' >riginal n tc , or dir ct int rvi w. ne f th material 111 ith f th rt i n in an ea ily cc 1bl f rm f r u in an annual umm ry f th enter' a ·c mpli hm nt eith r in detailed r rm r in ummary form. R ult and ral imp rtant capabiliti n d d in manag m nt rnmuni ati n re h n in thi m dcl to ha n u ·c ul r un u ful. 11 urc 111 • and .and h rt-i 1 1t dn h that I tt lf. ibility ann t b n int It \ a t · ch f th pr >h- 1cm that n ib1h ty in pr< v1din an ad 1 uJ t n \ dir ctl , rel. t d t planning \ ith all gr u . ilit did n t t it Ive • ch prohl m \ a a urpn t than th r m m r th pl· nnin, taff. , d \ hilc ch dul an ah a h Ip man- a m n t • n d 11< r h l p ma na im linl: and minunum alin 1 \'ith ·u t ll 1d th mpan . in all mana apa hili ti h idin In mpl t it ta k idcnt that c n1ld ha · ·n pr d d in h am tim Phn 1in . th re th r f th thi pl nnin >l cd fr 1 1 t tim ac ordin t ·ir t t r ial mana 1 cm n t · mm uni ati n · t minimum . t ' rk t ti Hl. t. a · n idcrabl r• t t r I acka pl· nni 1 ha ta n pl· hi h pn d t > n t l:aJ ahili t 11 d • h n Ill D II d •. . .... m a r lan- ith tim t. . II d: I 7 . p. . ) Iii rec mm nd· ti n thi c u 1 n pr > • cct u uall. ~ rmal p I lie· ti n . tim c. ·h t ti c can appli d gmen \l hi ·h an b di ided and inter d ure n- ll in ith th ti n f v ral nti al pr · ct ith 1 dan r f ce dm 0 th rite tc m n tim t d tim and t Jimitati n 1 nfcrenc the other urcc of planning a ti n, proved t tally succc ful in all ca c u ed. Manage- ment profited fr m th ir u e becau e there wa le mi und r tanding of the totaJ pr ject. th er were pportunitie to chang phil ophi rapidl n ach proj ct without lo ing time and m ney, and ther wa alwa that add d pr f ionaJi m giv n to th proj ct re ult b cau e of c perativc involvem nt creativit and motivation a utlin cl b H rzber . (Davi : 196 7, p. 3 7) QuaJity and a urn b ·au th de i i n-makin t nt nt ar an cc ity r all managcm nt communicati n ult Ir m th m ar u ua11 m r b· i t< the total c m- pan . lro ni ,aJl , thi i th m t di ficult to n ur b au c i i th on v hich uff 1 m t in rap id · ·t ivity. 111i ab v all , i one ' pt bilit hi h n d t b ' C( n id r cl fir t in pl annin a pr j ·t. l lov . 1t can b mt ra ted mt< a pr ·t i not ah a ' a appar1.: nt a in a 5. lier , th r tim , if plannin 1 111 ti tu t d tl d " hp ·1 qtnlit h ck on a ·ura · f pn r m and I p· rtm 1l tl: '< mpl 1 hm nt and l tin 1 th m in rat ·at '< n until th ' ar n t.:d 1 mm <liat oil< in° tht.: end tall .. a urat . 1lh.: la t minutt.: p rf nman r ult n th n ill Hf ith ut nou d l ' to th ov1.:1·ll d Ii 'I) l th-.: t t I lan HI n pl aJ. ommuni th , I ll ·ibilit_ , 1111 lin a 1d t 1inimum , t, bud 0 in ol tim plan and I lannit ' >Ill r n , and 1ualit ' ind ·1 ur ·1 I t t th u I Ii ti ll th f·1 l l r 111 nput r 1d , a d ·m<l ith th h 11 tl th t I IJ in d uld Ill hi h lllld rm mana 1 n 11 p ,rti hkh , I t hni tl I , pl . t..ik n a ·p ·rim nt lion. l:OITIJ Ul r plan d p C hni al p 1bli ati )I nt •r mmuni ati H a i • format. 11 t ll Jll 'tl a . t h plal: ·d . n th mput r m 111< r ' . I r a mad f I 2 the fle ibility f c nv rting uncla ified report t la sifi d rep rt ~ utomatically adding all tcurity information; dif~ rentiating between prima!"y c ndary and tertiary te t he, ding · pr viding a lay ut capability previ u ly available only in publi ati n- ffic pr du tion r m · e timati n and leaving blank pa f r table and figur whi h had n t been gen rated but w r known t be n edcd for the total pr 1 ct; capability to c rrect line r paragraph r r ]o at paragraph and g tting a r -la ed- ut manu ript by th mpu t r; and in tant r tri al f a table nt nt , igure Ii t , table Ji t ref r n f k y w rd r acr nyrn . pp ndi B c ntain th b n r fin d t includ all mpl f thi ' mput r t ud and ltl u h the pr gram h n t th pr VJ 1 n Ii t d b vc , m t th n n Jidat d m th amp] and th h alr · d pr n t b m r th n • d r th int nd d ta It i int nd I that tht pr )'ram b ab} a a m· na cmcnt t l. nd rl in till mana m nt ith th t U • mularl/ th re ha r·tl 1111 n_ ·ilk<l , 'riti 1 111 n i rnin numb r di 1 ul lid t r Ill handh m t. u• I fc h mi tr nd P 1 tu , t ) rnpl th b - 11 'lll lll'l ti t l -J 'I t I • lll - r h nd < k < n hild r · rin . · nd r fin d t th p int , h r 1t an b dir ·tly a ail- . th d ir t pro id mati, m th d l t pr >vi<lin ' l a · mmuni · ti< n ap l. n ure th · th ir r p rt . h ,_ th 11 r a r . th th ll iii t ' t ma I I rt in l th r r thi purp flu h-.: 1r- r aniza i >fl uhr rm t ) I i . ti mini trati n int I r • m im t Ill. l ~ r- in Ii b nth Oil h I· Jlin hmd k ll tim hi h i Common to all handbook i their intention to consolidate that portion of a certain field into an ea ily used reference to aid the novice and veteran of that field in practical application. Th Department f the avy provides a comprehensive description of what a handbook should be and why it is nece sary in the introducti n to its RDT&E Management Guide: The Department f the avy RDT&E Management Guide was developed to aid both newcomers t RDT management and pra ticing "j urneymen.'' For newc mer the Guide pr vides the mean f r rapid ori ntation in the Department of the avy ystem for managing its RDT E eff rt. For pra ticing RDT ~ manag r th uide i a quick urc f general information and lead to dircctiv c n t ining d tailed guidai 1anual · a uid ," not a dir ti . It ann t b m · ivc y h lpin th u r p r iv th ovcral " dir d find th applil: bl t a particular p bl fo uid· nc t n p 1i ~j and proc dur . Dept f I ii Pn gr·1 n 1ana 1 rn r t ci a1 tm nl. ·it d a a uth rit f r a ·ti n. It upple t rn ' defined by th totality fall n ult tJ e lat t r ion f dire tiv ] 7 ... p. V <l cl p d a to l or th I val th time thi in a. mad a n 1 mi 1 n n nt he re p > ibilit , >r plannin . h ' ·tp H Pr l ·un ll'l 1 111 I. hni ·ii pl· n in ·n n lu l I I ' th h l C pr I m · nd b pr" rit. ' Ill' np . and ma cri'tl. mcnt. te t. · nd ~ alu· ti n c mil" · h h h n the 1 1m nding l fice1 Jf p > •ram · t 1d < th Ill, n r a 1 I i al r ur n er n n · h h ti n h th r u t • t · 11 h 1,; ndu ll l nt 'r in th d th .t al 1i ile enl r. a ap1,r pna i h tl C a partmcnt. u fi acti itic . n t act r . and th r acti iti n matter n er 1in a i n d program . 4 5. Has re p n ibility for the initiati n and review of rep rts t the avy Department and ther activitie on a ign d pr gram . In pite f th varied nature f the nter' 1anagem nt Department functi n , administrators wil1 rec gnize th ommon l m nt which make these ta ks anal ous t th c f manager in ther area of publi ervicc and t those f mana er in private in lu tr rt i within th r alm of a rnanag r' handb k to in orp rat thee mm n lement w 11 a , m f the p ial cl m n t the ntcr pr gr m manag m nt fun ti n hi h re mana eabl p r- titn >rth1 mv tiati n. Pr i u tt mpt to d fin th pr ram m v ho \\ r part that d partm nl durin thi · han k i di rtati n <l 1 um nt. Th qtnli i ti >n, \ h r p > ibl . i m ant t h mat rial, lik. h <l ll th in hav nt f uch a n m thi 1 u1 p nd 11111 n t·tti< n >f thi that · II i<l a I lati to d • nami Ill mmuni ·a ti n ar t1 ' u a le in th h· n bl l ti I lanni 1' tu u and ti ll L utli 1 d in fl ill I · d to th hich i nt Ollllllllfli 'ltinn . r ur hi n d in ' Pl ndi. 1 u d 11 I th . I ir t hi imi I nd thu m r u Ill th k ntin n mp1I ti n th ul mph · th tim . h< uld n b d t nd prt bah] >Uld 11 t U Ill >nd. in Judin d t· il f u in h m uld h an in ult h al tcr alJ ar n n t in th • rt f · dmini trati< 1. pt m1 h r- hr dditi n d h in lJi Ill: u h a d ran f t k n h th hand thr rn 1 h ut hi handlin n i \ uld if h did m If- . minati n t thee. tent that h mi 1 ht b ctt r uit d t an th r field . 35 Third , ati fying the veteran manager with an undernourished handbook would also help the newly appointed manager by giving the bare cssen tials upon which he could develop his own style of administration. It w uld , hopef u11y, not encumber him with misconceptions and preconceived methods of doing any one ta k. ase studies, while helpful to analyze, can be dangerous if they are used only for rote copying in every similar type situation. F urth, and pr bably slightly more important than the other , it would provide an avenue of pre enta tion of pr prietary information on a regular a ba i a wa found needed t serve th e manager . To thj hop d that thi avenu of keeping the handbo J dynami will be c panded in a urther tu y hi h \ uld tak it further int th real 11 f u by pri tc a well a th public cc tor. t nl a c mpl t ind , but a mar ·nal kc -w rd 111 le · Th hand ca hp th r d ·c , u h a c l r c din and v·1rict , f t p fac , f r r pid tri val of in~ rm ti n ) in'< rporat d n th ad 1c < r puhlkati n p r onn I. Th I pro dur hi \ ork. n· mcl , . rcaJi/in 1 hi ' mi i n. a" p i1P t~d'" r lati t tal plannin > • ach p1 o 1 ~1111 und 1 hi ir t c.: •nizan · comm mi ·1ll n f pl· n 1d rq rt a n d <l b t} v rtkall ' rind h< r1101 t 11 , thn u 1 h hi. ta k or<.:c. ob ·rv, ti n tu I t bli ,ati rn he bear c n th ·ornp~ ny. and •· rci. · f all the , 1ana , 111 n t r JI \ 1 hich ar n c r hi th ta k h n· 1a 1 ar · ·t n r Ii h <l to th ' h t ad an ta 1 • t th cot 1pan · 11d m l re o il· bk. thi · ti, 11 n t a ·aila I in iw I rm u ·h a he >mput r I re 1 n m pn • ll in <l I an th <l l 1111.:lltati n cm, • a1 din; ti. · Pl Ii bl, t thi I and pc ·t d t' u abl 111 m rm a a lat r <l t I ropr tar , in nrm l b ud ' · nd v > 1ld b e i) pre ntcd in ai ndi. ·c indu . I. I r ran Ii ling k 1 ed pr ram mana . · nt r . and k •· t chni ·al p lpl ir pro 1 r- m kc d to a 1ou I ha • a h pro ram ra hie 11 i n mi under tandin fr m imila t rmin the pr ram r ithin an u pr ,.,ram . f r ifi ri ta k i thin more than n there t 0 6 Interchangeability f program results keyed mo t ea ily to a w rk center or a co t center d , o that c n tinuity of ff rt i maintained regard le maJ r personnel re rganization . f hifting of personnel training eff rt , or 4. c urate ta k title , c de and pro ram c rdinat r f r reliabl reference f r publication ffi es. dvanced planning hedu]e t fa ilitate pr gram review . m nit r pr gram pr gre enable pr r·un pr bl m t be m r vi ibl , and a11ow for ad quat pr planning f al1 d cum ntati n. 6. rnpan hich i f ba i valu t rnana er , uch a th .. h k L1 t f r Plannin 1 I i] !um [, r th • u1d t D ·um nt Plannin at th a · I 1 11 r .. br chur , pp n t r." a pp nd D l > t ]um I I. r·tl pn 1cct ha l n handled in th \ a d en d b I · th one an I r rr d to a th .. , p rt l h n ' at th Thi t am a ppr ' ·h < f ma na, r n in r. and ' it r ha pr> t c d u ul da a to re fin in, th appr ach a h tim it \ a u d. he pn l I m tu lie in m< d I wa cho n oi an· ]y i 111 tha it I ad 1 r at , J t ntial f r • 1 tur dapt ·1til a ii han II ·p·mut it 1i mmi i m d tud , thi th i pr 11nu]ati n d finiti n < a th hich i f th~ mi I n f th J 3) ilc n tcr. natur I imulation 111 ll • t th al 1- du d relate In 7 There was ample evidence of effective long-range planning, which was proven in two ways. One wa the analyzing of a 22-year-old engineering pre entation in which the technical ac uracy and the recommendations were as valid today as then. The other wa the establishrn nt, with this foresight and experience, of facilities to further develop imulati n capabilities which have stood the nter well in accomplishing 1t mi ion. There al o were indicati n that follow-up t such planning wa not pr vided. A communicati n gap ha grown in ome in tanc s through n thing mor than e ce sivc w rkl ad and in others thr ugh pr blcm with th matrix manag m n t p ration . Th re wa indic ti n al that imul ti n w re pr ving u eful that little tim wa available t d um nt th m. nd fundi pr blcm imul ti m dcv I p d with fund fn m on pr ram \ re not a ailabl to th r pr 0 ram \ h r th I n d iti n , th n v. ch n Io tn hich had nt t b n ac d bcf r b the pr>b) m ind cum ntati n publi · ti lll f ice. and n pre d nt had b n r • ul<l b in. lantl c tablish d to b h the ap. n id rabJ ff Ht \ a ta ·en b th c mmitt t 1 I am n t onJy \ h~ t had trun pir d · nd \ hat Ii pr> pcct th re \ ·r f< the future, but in \! h t had b n l rn · t oth r fa iliti lucing imilar pr hi m . hi a p1im· iii , anal., z <l in term ( it 1prn Ill' the cnt 1 · • enter < r I:. ·ell n in ti n d . hi a <lon throu, 1 , at d roup 111 ilh nn •I currcntl} an l hi · all.' i w nw h l hi tud. ' , a th~ d)·umcntali no · ·hr>n I ,j ~Ir to maJlr im11h in fron 7 . C Ill f th imulati n ' re ha di ·a t mana cm 1t in ul- >ntcr' nu 1 n. and \ h it hap1 'tll:d nli 1 ht rm 1 • f d umcntati< n \ a a iandicap c:nr c it pr nt d u <l in m' pr r·m t · pint in a 1 th• Ir ram \ 'hich had a need fc r a imilar d 1c 1 n \l ith r lati el inc. pen ive m >dil 1 ·ation. \Vh it happen d \ a appar 'n tl th· r" ul l o 1 • of l r ~c ·t fund ( de elop th imul, tion ·th ut 1 n -ran, pl.nnin° t) all ·at g , ral und f r irnulati H1 d clopmcnt ind - p"n<l nl of pr J·e l , and like\ i indcp ndent of dirccti n b · h p ·1 1c p n H >f that pro·cd. 1th ugh th undi 1 Ir bl m i important t r dir ·ting tud of the futur f imul ti n , the d cumentati n problem i ne whi h an e br ached b_ o p r· live cf~ rt fa publicati n ffic m appl ing me of the pecialized ervice which ere b erv d i del -· onclu ion . Sev ral p cifi tep have been pr p ed and me of the e are r cciving direct impl mentati n. 1. pr po al wa made t e tabli h an abstract of each major simulati n, id ntifying its pur- p program tc hnica] de cripti n. tatu . availability and d ignated engineering c ntract f r in~ rmation. pilot docum ntation utlinc wa ugg t d n n inglc imulati n t e tabli h a tandard f r documcntati n nd to r c mput r and n ·n ering per onncl f r future d v Jopment work in irnulati n n d d f r th r cap n tem . trainin pn 1 mm \ a put f rth to a quaint 1mulati n dev l p rs 1th d umentation t a quaint I ubli ati n p r nn I \ 1th th Ian ua . r quir m nt , nd p u- lian t1 th imulati n \'- rid. Ith ll h I ·o ti than actual k t . imulatic n ar of u fi ·1 nt p n t r uu ar fu] plannin . m Jud ad 1uat d i n t r u c, I n n u 0 h d cl pm nt tim to · 11 t· ti n at ru ·ial p int m appli ·able pr jcct . · nd d) ·tun ntati n ad 1m t n lU 1 th t th did not b c< me abandc ncd b cau c th r · n1ld n t 11 b m uifi d r updat d. It i inc< n c th· t in thi m ><l 111 a I there till data t m in l imp! m n- tcu \ ith u ccil 1 i u r <l ·umcn ta t1 1. h. p a11 ,111 th1 au the r t\ o fund· in nt· I : fi t tha tandard r quir • full anu a tiv up p r t I 1 >rn I P m · · n<l . that · d fin it un ic n mu t b · i ncd a th ilit.' o <l 1 nat d in li id- u· 1I in ord r t ·1 hie qu· 11ity d curn nt· i n. I h11 I r: I In OI <l r that I r p man a ' r Ill ' Ill' md tat in, <l · · n that ill v· lid in th m m h · nd r h ad. th ' mu t Ir r rd I data p 11 .. hi • If thi hi t r_ o um ntati< n i ill d• ind an m a < mput r Ii tin'. r ti n in me llarp r: I rm· ti n. un tk n l rt pp ar that i u publi ·ati n l. P n~ n er mu l _' n l rmin n th1 n th ·1 J r ub titut I r Jl: ur umcnta ic n i t l II ·t. d ·tun nt. · nd rra I r nn I in und r tandin · nd u ·tend d il r urc t d bili tie t ap n ino do um ntati rn that the ncept l a nt uld clo er to a r · lit . T ta- , tcm . r fut tr R haptcr D L The irnplc n ept of ac uratc and adcquat ' mmuni ati n wa f und t h vc c n idcrabl 1 th r a r at r impact on c mmuni ·ati n b cau r advan in t ·hn lo th r i c ntinu u chan in attitud nd human alu primar dir ti n f · mmuni a- influ n m it rnt rpr tati n. 1111 d n r, th. t non f th inf1u n ·it \i or · in the ngin ring nd pr u ·t <le l( pmcnt fun ti n of a ' mpan~. Th Ir impin th ar a , in a t, lend imp tu t the nc d f r m r c mmunicati 11. h re ar maw 1 rn nt th rt ·md th r arc man· r m nt p, ctic ·ommunication need \i hkh · re b ·in, I ull m t and th de fin d. whh:h a1c 1 r h r ar m·111a, m nt n 1 lcct d a \ di a HI ar a map t I th r 1 anizati n, c >n tr u ·tcd r m a en o I iti 11, \: 1 hkh d rnc a tructL p< n i ii" and a ructurc o p ition . I l tell \i •IH \: ith \ hom in rm c mnr n<l 01 < mp]i that tlu m· p I o 11; ::i r} r un 1 a1 pro. 1m ti m lllllllll11 ati )11 or 1 multitud I manag m nt. I nd m a u1 men a ~ >r Iin, tc hav . n ·n in th1 tud t r n "-tH \i , are r ati t p n • f th imJ ortanl rcquircm nt that i rit en int th 1r j a 1 nt. . . n de l in t d· indu tnal \i riling rld than a ill d, er ati e ap the n he c mpl 1d a ar un h uld n t th~ nl a1ac ii tic d in rcvic\i inn a\: n er' ntri uall imp rtant 1 < th c in p n 1bil1t . . . . hu , a \: ritcr' re ak it t\! p p n 1b1ht for h1 \: ritin°. and r p n i ilit tc th a i c hav : 1 L pp. 40 Anders n ha a practical appr ach in under tanding h w t mea ure what most manager and writers alike regard as ab olutely indefinable. Some of u have had a long and varied experience with communicati n w rk. But this i n t enough. perience and standard luti n on ommunication pr blem can be wrong. nd beside that, e perience is a very weak argument against the b s when h think he know the answer. W e need method t mea ure the function of th inf rmati n both as a whole and in detail . There ar ba ically tw type of mca uremcn t we can u c: I. imple and ine pen ivc routine mea urement and 2. p cial measurem nt C r developing new f rms of information or re ming Id meth d . It i often aid that it i imp ible t get 100 p rccnt tru m a ur m 1 t h n we deal with hum n mrnunication. Thi may b tru but w are n t primaril inter tcd in Htru mca ur . ment ,' th t i , in c t fi ur , but in u ful re ult . n cd r ult a pre i a p ib1 that we an build ur deci i n n th m. nd r on: I 71, p. I 0 111i tud ha bn u ht f rth inf rma ti n to larif th r la ti n hip b mmunicati n nd th ap biliti r I t n ti 11 u · ii bl n manag m nt' n d h mat rial i pr ·cntcd " ith r p n ibi11 to th affc t d and " ith n 1llu i >n ab ut b rn a It h , in vcrin mana m nt' n d "ithin cv r· I c ntr 11 cl ar a c tabli h d lnll; 1d \ h r pr cdur can i lat ·rnd 111 r a quat I_ me h c< mmunic· ti n n cd I man m n t. 41 BIBLIO R PHY BOOK hri . "P r nality and Or aniL' tion," Organizati nal B ~ ior _ a_ n~th _i_r~ tic~ of tanagement David R. Harnpt n, harl E. umm r and Ro . W v r. R i d dition. Jen iew, 111.: man and ., 1 7 Bi h p, ald n rang . Bill ic n f r nfu ion. ant Barbara, alif.: · 11 , and ftin, n I Har c J. \ If. 1· n in r· ll ill n: d· alif.: , I 73. a a al rt 'nlaU n. I I ... .... J hin°tun: 0 mmcnl Pnntin, I fuman Rel· ti \ 01k: a -Ilill 19 7. l 'P'trllll 'Ill ) l H.: I I. - a hin ton: n Ill Ill Prmt inn • 1 '\ ( I k: 7 fl- q r. illhm L ( d lit I Jc up York : al ntcr. P inr u 'U alil .: a Rathbone, R. R. tand· r I nd mmunicati n at the -~ p.7 __ 5. P int en er, Jul I 7_. mman<l ch arz I. . Prcliminar ----L--------- 0 IC ar Plan. Point u u, ali .: J al M I ile ent r, 197 . 2 Tr cc J. R. D. . Ru 0 h, and W. . tar key. n f Publication _ __.,___ _______ =---- -- - TOP H w to hicve h ren c in Pr 6 -10-10. ull rt n, -- a]if. : IIugh ir raft mpany , 1 5. rnm nt. P-4 5. Th ational urit ct f 1974, R v. 5-62. Wa hingt n: la 196 . W arr n, . Kirb . Lon°-Ran _ilanning:_ TI~ ~ ti_ v __ w ~p int. ngl w d liff , .J.: Pr ntic - ,ih lla:.t II II Ilall , In -., 19 ). n, If- . .. omm u111 'at1 n. 11' rl f I. l I. in. \ illiam . R ol. - 111 ni ati )11, 1111 P RI DI mmuni ·at i n R ul t ," urnal Olllllllllll ' ti n:• mmum ati n. 1. - I ath Pr u ·ti it ., hr Ht 1 1 J b bui hm nt," r I 7_ 11 l ). llll 'Ill th pril I lntt rmati d fl Ill pt. .. I n I du ·in, I u ur . . . an I] p R unt 11 • rr tal Ri :· J ul _ L I hn i ·al ri tinJ and 1tlin d h r in. mdcni 1r ip 1<l 1i1uc. n · i1 l 1 i. 1 tll th ilit n " in iw hilit tht a h n n . I , t h n i l u n ta in d i n ra I n n · 1 111 • 1 d · t i nd r l lmi · 1 manu·il h' 11 n t b du1 Ii'-=· t d. ( n tru th ma int n· n tr arm q 1i nt tili · the riz d 1p ui1 m t l · m· int n n I . I I I u b 1uipm nt ' nd r I ro ·ur <l it 1 1 d h tiit 1 • n. n r· I n :.mn r f pr an manu· I h ul turni in l l p rin t ·<l C pl• . 1 th n ra l. Printin '· in Jin . ·1 1d n ati lpJ Ii d b Ill , cordan \ ith ·-· 1 . • cl f \i ritin hall h al nt the ratin Ill' uipm nt. a din and Illu tr· tion . Illu tra i ll ha 11 prcpar d in a·· r · n c \ ith 11 - 1 - rm f l:.t H Tl bbrc ·a tit n and ·r n Ill hall limit d t th m u • · rd~ n ·c ith 4 MIL-M-81700(A .2.4 lor coding r fer nee. Reference to cha i w1nng c lor code hall b in accordan e with 1. Where wiring d n t c nf orm t MIL- TD- 1, thi hall be e plained in the manual. .2.5 . Refer nee hall be made in a cordan e with MIL-M- 7 4. Perti- n n t informati n contain d in i ting military te hni al manual shall be ref r need and not repeated ept wh re p ci fi all requir d f r job p rformanc and clarity . . . 6 n Th rcquir m nt c tabli h d by D hand1in . 1 urity cla ificati n f th manual sh uld b pr ·uring activit , and h 1l b mark <l in a 'C rdancc ith 1IL 7 4. hall g v rn th pccifi d b th r fr nt m· tt r, main b d , nd b ck m·ttt r. 1c fr nt matt r f th m· nual hall b in acl.: ith h main bt d th' manual hall c n 1 t th f 11 , in ll n i 1 th , >rd r d . ~ a h t.: ·th n lnll n a ri - an . If a r than I r i Ill t appli abh.:. ti tit 1 numhd an till h· 111 II ppli abl : ,md an th r ti rn ma ' ' < n th 11 • In h a 11 n I , i a par~ t illu - tt pall n JI 8 manu · pn ·ur hall b • 1 rnd to th parat JPB. In th a < ti n 1c1c ar~ nod " dat·t he t n cdi n numl 1. lith:. ell: .. hall appear. Lli >ll I I 1tr du lion II [ iJ tion Ill nd u1 I 1ra ion r II ' I II 1 , z·1ti di· )lllJ Ill Ill (, ( h n ·uw· I hall n i t > ·111_, 1p1 n r1;:qu1r ' · Pl ndi . I h an i d • • in I 11 Ill nt th m· lll I r • I . I. 1 11 h · JI id n ti , th nt b I n m n ""latur . · nd ri n_ 1mm· riz the pur f th L · · crm . It 11' II · ri n ' de cri th p,. J u 1d u man al; t 1 m nual i int nd d; and cit th n ral pccifi a ti n and d tailc ifi a i n. in ludin . hi h th· manu I h· h n pr pa1cd. th . . l ._ n · ti fact r material/ nditi naJ r p rt. tatcm nt hall h includ : .. )11- 0ictin inf rmati n c rHain din th manual r r c mmcndati n pr p in h n t th manu l hall uhmittcd an n atr fa t r atcriaJ/ nditi n 1 R rt in a ·c rdan c ith TRI T 7 •· 47 R I I , l 1 ~ '1 NAVAL MISSILE CENTER Poln\ Muau. Callfornla 4 INTRODUCTION Tht N,,,1 Missi It Ctnttr WIS tesktd to in, tst i 91tt end eftelrticel ,, dtttrm,nt tht ,ulntr1bi I it,. c1su1lt1 t1ptct1nc,, end Mteftt tf p r o t t c t i o n o f t h t o f f · s h o r t o I i n d u s t r J i n s t I I I I t i o n i n t h t p r t I t ft c t t f ttst ,no of 1 1r · to · 1 1r miss, I ts of tht AIM ·7 or AIM · 9 trpt. Thit 1n1l,sis is pert of , l1rge · scopt effort to dtttrmint tht iMptct tf such 1nst1I let ions ,n tht PACMISRAN Ste Test Ren gt on tht Ntwr•• T!E eftd tr11n1no optr1t ions. Tht txtrtmt urgtnc, of obt1inin9 ,u,nt it tt iw t dete as soon 1s poss,blt on tht h1z1rds to thtst 1nst 1 ll 1 · tion, dicttttd e two · pronged 1ppro1ch to tht 1n1l,s1s . Tht f ,rst 1ppro1ch , rtptrttd herein. considered the problem i n • s1mpl ,f itd form. net ,,,uiriftl complex m1thtm1t 1c1I model ,ng ind d191t1I computer 1ss 1st 1nct of dete processing . This simple model ,s s1m1 ler to tht ont ustd bJ tht USAF ift determ1n1ng the h1z1rd ltwtls to 1nst1I lit ions in tht Gulf of Mt1 ict. t 1s model, howewer, w1s modified to reflect tht un,qut ttlt optretilftl enw1ronment tJp1c1I of the PACMISTRAN geogrephJ end e l10 tht ti I ,ndustr, 1ct1w1t, 1nt1c1p1ted with the test r1ngt . Tht objtctiwt tf this s,mpl ,f 1td study ,s the est ,mat ,on of tht t1ptct1ncr ef crew c1su1lt1 for w1reous 011 oper1t1ons resulting from • direct hit tft tht pl1tform only . The second, para I ltl stud, 1nwolwes dttei ltd mtdtl iA t tf the platforms and t t m,ss, lt?platform interact ,on . Th i s second pert tf the ower,11 nalys 1s should answer tht question of whtthtr tr fttt tht pre try az rd arises fro the 1rnp1ct1ng missile ,tstlf tr frtM tht dt •oe (r.be 1t t e structural. uncontroll1ble fire. debris tfftct,. ttc{I c • u s t d b y t e , p • c t . T h e n • 1 n d o n I , t h e n , t h t o Y t r I I I I t , t I I t f h I z I r d c • n b e • s s e s s e d • n d t h e p r , o r I t y o f p r o t e c t I o n p r o , 1 • 1 t n I d • f i t d . SCOPE. CO STRAI TS ANO ASSUMPTIONS Instil let ions C1n1idtrtd T rtt tJpts of off · s ore 1nst1I let ions wtrt cons,dtrtd i n t t A~ • C y c I o n e · c I • s s t I p I o r I t o r y d r , I I I n 9 s , p • b ~ • Z t p h , r f ; e1plor1tor, dr 1 ll1ng st , · sub ers,blt pl1tfor • d c• 1 E111n Y n e z t , p t p r o d u c t I o n p I , t f o r T h t r t I s o n s f o r s t I t c t I t n • f t h t types of 1nst1ll1t1on 1rt 11 tht D1mtns i on1I ,1r11nct1. bl t t p O p U I I l 1 0 n Y I r i I n C t S , I n d C $ t r U C t U r I I f I r I f n C f I • 1tvdr. Ct e I I SeAtl ebtwt c,,. It i s tl i t,td t 1t • s1n9lt. co pos i tt p l 1 tfor wtuld ntt rttvlt • rttl ,st ,c rtprtstnt1t 11n of t t ,1r11u1 ,n,tel letitnl Vftdtr c o n • , d • , e t i t n • M111 i 111 Considered T t two 111 i Its con1idtrtd for tht stud, 1 r t thrAIM · 9 end AIM· • METHODOLOGY 50 Ii Iii 1. \ht propellent of the missile " i s not equipped wit h i rn p e c t i n O m i s s i I t i s t • h I u s t t d . (~ 2 . ~ h t tht H;t (high txplotiYtl wtrhtt~ 3. l the missile i s v lhomt·on·jem) mode of not in e i ther 1ct i ••• sem i · tct i,t, p111i,1, tr HOJ terminel gu i denct, end tht imptcts htYt • uniftrM rtndom d i stribution . • · ~ •ch member of the dr i I I ing crew presents SO IQutrt fttt tf vulnerable ere• to the effects of impect i ng m i ssi It. This tstiMttt it en incr ease of 67 over the USAF est i mete, this i s to ptrt i tl 1, 1cctunt f o r t h e s e c o n d e r y e f f e c t s o f t h e p I I t f o r m h i t I d t b r i s , b u r I t , i p t 1 ·, fire. partial structural collapse, etc .) . An incr eese to 60 tQutrt fttt for cre w·s vulnerable tree reflects the est im eted incr etst of h111r4 4ut to the high potent ial of fir e on • product i on plttform . 5 . 1 i t is assumed equ1lly ikely v o i l install a t i on from eny d i rection crews on product ion platforms that th e missile will a nd a t any gl i dt peth eppr11ch 1 n t I t • tht F • r 6 . damage the missi It i s not captble of to cause a complete collapse or i nflictin g s i n k i n g o f sufficient strwcturt l tht plttfor• . If the computat 1onal 1ssumptions I i sted in inc l uded 1n the analysis. the determination of the pre,ious st cti tn 1 r t th e taptct1tion tf tht c a s u a I t I e s I E c I g I v e n N , n d e p e n d e n t f I , g h t t e s t probab1 I i st ic comput 1 t i on. opertt ions i s I t i•plt G,ven that the A 1rn splash ptttern 1 s a uniform r t ndom 4 i1tri ,vt i tft , then for a g,ven platform dens i ty, the probeb1l1ty of plttfarM hit IP9'1 1 s p h \.: A v e r a o e p r o J e c t e d a r e a o f t h e p I t t f o r · 1 G 1 , t n I r e t t f t II t S t t Test Rtntt • / In the same manner , 91,en th t t e hit on t plttform occur, w it .. tvt any b i as . 1 . t ., d 1str 1but1on of the h ts i) unifor. tht• tht p r O b a b I I I l ., 0 f C r t w I n J u r ' 0 r I' --1 '. s u • I t ' I p k ? h I p r h ( ;, T O t • I ' u I •• , •• I • rea of exposed crew me bers 'A,ertge proJtcted a re a of th t p l 1tftr• . The expect 1 10n of c1su1 l t 1e, 1 n one test opertt,on 1n,o l ,1nt l t••u• i" t of I s i ngle""'' '' ' th eft 1 1 RESULTS ) r Te fo ll ow , 119 tab l e (tab l e 1 pr s1nts tht comput t4 Jl1tf1r• ••t prob b , I , t , ts and cesutlty eiptctat ,on ts I funct i on of ,11tf1r• 1,,1 • d l e ir tapecttd dens i ty for a, , g i t f li ght ttst op1r1t i tft • •• t • p l atfor s trt l octttd w i t 1 n th1 aa,st i ng r t ngt 11 f1t1 fttt,riat. Under tht worst cond 1 t 1on, . e ., p l 1 tfor apert w i t , n t t 111 11 1 splash petttrn, th t un9u 1dtd m 11s 1 I t w , I I , , • plttfor , , tbo ut prob1b 1 l 1 ty th e t • crtw c 11 u 1 lty w i ll occur th0\l llft4 , I IPICtd two ft l Utic tl • i l tt prob1b i l i t1 th 1 t I t ift flt one ,n t t ft thtu tlft4 . T • i t I out ont i n •vft4r•• 51 I I Pl l I JIJ 52 CHECK LIST FOR PLANNING NAVAL MISSILE CENTER ENDEAVORS 1 1 NAVAL MISSILE CE TEA, POINT MUGU, CALI FOR NIA s FOREWORD All per onn I · 19n d to a 91v n progr mar I qu t d to rev1 w th ppropr1 t GPn ral 01 Sp c1t1c Op •r t1onal R qui em n Pro ram prol ..ibl OPDEV 0 Mana r hav r ons1bil1ty 101 d •v loping 'n<r,o. and tor coor d1ndt1ng th rn with •y p r onn I Guiel lrn s for , ts ancl Oil hould 10 hr II p r ,m nts of .111-10 .111 w' 1p Ill h r ,II I ncl T D P Y hnt 1f 01r r 54 CH ECK LIST FOR PLANNING NAVAL MISS I L CENTER TECHNICAL END AVORS OBJECTIV • D v lo c1 ·I ar s J em nt of th, t sk, 11 sco p , nd 11s 0 J • h t s fi rnto a 1<11 r program;, Ch ck h or 1pa 1bl wr h h r qurr • • 1n lucl11 q c1 C NIC PPRO CH • • • • • • • • • • • 55 • Develop d ta processing pro edur es including st t1 st1cal nalys1s Run mple c lculat1on Con 1der th e appl1 - c b il1 y of comput r pro rng Est1rnar cumulat1v error • Prepar a t t s h •dul . Est1m te rn.1npow r, m t rial and cost-; Ol•l1n c.Jt mil tont! S. • v1 wand oorcl1n t th t •chnicul iJppro ch with all cone rn d p,H 1e , 111 lu rng .i proprrd r •v1 w author It I R SUL TS • Con 1d •r all th • • • ul • Potn OU or u • our • p • D ri • • • Lt h h r or " rn p Pr ST cl cl VI d l d I> ,n n,n o r 10 ncl 0 " 0 '" r O . 0 1TH M. A GARCIA S V U Tl DIVI 10 s Pl 57 PROGRAM MANAGERS' HANDBOOK PL NAVAL MISSILE CENTER Point Mugu , California 5 0 T T Jntr du tion Obj tive en ral ....... . Mi n .................... . i il nt i n ..................... . cap n Pr oram m nt D partm nt 1i i n ..... . ral .... 1 lannin ...................................... . I urp ( I l: t an<l Lvalu~ ti n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . · · n i iliti ........................................... . tll Plann1n ................................................. . l l I htnni I la 1 1i mmu 11 ati n l lr lin:.it i<lll •••••••••••••••••.•••• • • • • • • • • · · • · • · · • • · · · • • · • Page 61 61 62 64 4 5 7 7 7 7 I 71 71 I t p rl in , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 I nnin 1 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• lmpkr 1 ntati ll1 >rtill 1 ••••••••••••••••••••••• , , • , • , • • • • • • • • • • • • nt r ·t ntra ti 1 1 7 UPI rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 nit rin l 1tiat:h r I r 1 mm ana 1 cm nt R< I fl • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • cti itic n ultati n ........................................... . atri ag n1cnt .............................................. . und na 1nen t .............................................. . djudi ati n .................................................. . 79 7 7 7 5 0 T T ncluded Reference Definition ppcndi c Organizati nal h rt of the aval ile enter B T t and vaJ uation Pr cho f Manag m nt cor D uid t D um nt Planning t th av· 1 1 il nt r lnd · ............................................................ . Page 7 93 0 l TROD TIO Thi handbook f r program manager i a guide, not a final authority, for rapid rientation ( f and for r call of valuable inf rmat1on n ed d by pr gram manager . It h uld, th n, b con id red a a guide ~ r u rather than a tate- m nt f what manag r ar d ing. 1u h of the mat Jial in tht h·rndb a d ri ed fr rn a ur y f pr - 0 ram mana I a t< hat pr blcm :.m.:a th d, part1 ularl wh n n \\ on th j b. Th 11 f thi h nd 1 , ha · b n k p l t t a m it i mum b c) ring on] ' ·1r a k.n > n t , un I ar. 'o a ttcmpt ha b n mac.le lt in ·ludc ' er hing a pn gram mana 0 r nc d t J kno\ . hat an indi i<lual ha a ma1 a er pr upp< th·tt h ·ilr ady ha m >. t l < f thi handb oi i l p10 ·idc ba ic ta1Hh1d 1 ui<l lilll: fc I mana l:tm:nt I pr 1 1am admmi tcrc<l b th \ 11 dV' I 11 ii c n 1 • p ifi · n.: I uircm 11 t arc r )\ id <l i11 o h I d hihar·r er- 11d d her in. I umcnt ,hi h al r 'f he ~ >pc n thi ha, db< k i t r ·I· tion hip : rib .. th olh in I mawi , m 1 •n t i1 t •1- □ hkh h uld 1..: ur uri1 1 la11n i11 , r p I tin,, 111< ni ri 1 '· and 1 1 11 ort. □ ·hi ·h ha <lir ct "arm 1 tll l n o b >th th n t r and th pn 1 ram man· 'er' o fi ·c D h< .. wh1 h h HIid ., inh r nl in h1.: auth >rit , re pc n i iliti . and fu 1d the pr 1 ram rnana 1 cr. D Th) v hi h can nl b communi ated ' ._1 ic n • d ·umcnt and t· ndard d finiti n . primadly to ma 11' gem 11 l • • te t and 1'valua- ti n pr ram . Ith u 1 th1 h nd oJ.. c 1 ern th pr 0 mm managed b I TROD Tl D FI ITIO B Pl pp I 10 61 the W ap n Program Manag men t D partmcn t ( ode 5100 , portion r it wil1 a] o be applicable t th managcm nt tr other programs at the ]though u of thi h: 111dbt h. i an ticipat d amc n new per on n ffor t ha be n made to ]arif problem ar a hich may b c p ri need b all mana er . hang ill b made a requir <l t h; p t h1 handbc ( l current· u 1 t1 n h uld b .. mad to od 51 I n r·tl .1\al .1i ik: cnt r. In 1 1am 111·1 a ,er ha Within th the r alizati<n the < v tall bj Cll l I d111i "11 pr ) 1 r·1m . Pr >- 1cspo11 ibiliti begin ith initial plannin, · n<l . l n<l to do · out of th pro 1 r~m :tit r ·111 mana 1 cr arc the dir c 01 1:.1p . . -,. ha be n c mpl tl .. .. · mmunkati ,n f )J" th th ntc1 mmuni at 11 11 l hi < t ·lmi ·ti 11 lili t Jll t 11 1 3\ ·1 r •• I nd-1 r du t. l lrni . I , . th pr , , ·11 1 nt r' l chni · ] pr . th \ a., <l rmi . 11 Ill mi at t r 11 j. . n1 t ·hni J r I ll t • d I nd I l l it \ 1) , ·IH il tn pr - nt hi l hni ·al inf rmatwn in th le \ a_: i not me tin r, hi l· iii t , t > th d ) ' u o th prin ·ipal in rc dicnt f h --d in al:h r tha the <l plannin ,. n d < mmuni ·a tin,, and ) d fund mana mcnt arc ·h dul . c dniti c and upp nt. Int 0 ra in the ingr dicn int a or 'a I managcm nt plan inv I c I gai 1in an crv1c o the I TROD TI ( ontinued) F 6 a it r late to oth r ork r port , et .) for I ad tim and pri riti , und arranging mean f monit ring th progr and rca ' ing the r mainin 1 plan durin ° the pcri d f rk. vf t thin ~ that i h go <l munager ften hav th 1mpl . t, m t n. i t nt. und dcp n lab! m th d of r cordin 1 at:h ent within th plannin and imp! m ntin of a pro 1 ram. tail d phnnin and d ·tail d r ' rd from the b~ inning inclu I. ·h1.:dul that ·111 • 11 >\' <l \'i h minimum hppa •. t t tim3l th ·1t ~ n h in ·h d d i 1iti'tll.' in h t )ta! ud , t r th tatt n that throu 1 h u rt h 11 . • pr ) r·1 m ·11 , mp ·t <l l n I than ' uld b h · c· ith< ll 1 h p rt h 11 . It ma h h r 11 I t 'I'll I nt .11 11 1 ' t Id n rm 11 I TROD ncluded) 10 Ml IO Ml IO The mi si n of the and of th \\' apon Program 1anag - R IZ - mcnt D partmcnt ar listed in thi cction. 1i ion of th r rganiza tions at th enter ndi ar pre ntcd in T I.ID, ct b r 1 () a al 11 Uc 101 l mi' ion or thl: 1.:ntc1. Point fu •u. i to p r orm t t. :Jlua ti n. de •doJ m nt up1 ort a I d l: rc1 ' c 1 111 r ·1val \ ·apon , ·1.:~ pon ·111 I r •]a tc . ( R l ·iltl \II • I )IJ d t< a~· 1111 h h th· 1i i > 1: a. du \ 'ilU'I i ll l. Ill 11" ' ii 11 p n m rm fl' • Ir <l. n rr thr r 1um.: 11 rati nal f. Pr ,idc n 111 rin , --r l< on p"ra 1 nal JT ap n and t· r ct Pr en 111 rm man cm 11 • n · 11 rt dt r- m quipmcnt d ' I Im nt aircraft in tall· ti n · n p ra i naJ mpl m nt. 64 h. P rform d v 1 pm nt, tc t. and valuati n f airborn and urfac targ t y t m and r lat <l d i , and F rate and mamt·1in an airborne < n<l m ac tar t u1 p rt c·1p· il1ty at th P )int 1u u c mpl I. Pro 1<l l chni ·al and op ra ti nal upport D, p I r and F Jc t unit v ithin th i i )ll l r ull upport )f a ailabl r ot 1 r ·c · · Hl.t t nt \ ith th ' 11 po11 < r d pro ram . J. P rf< 1m inh.:rmc liall: maint nann: Hl all air"ralt a com- man<l at P< int u 1 u. I rt rm H "'t 1iza ti m·tl mai lt 11:.11 c >n aircia <l l l th i I II tati >ll r Jin 111·1 int 'I . fCf'l t. I r \ id ii I. II tr 11 in • ntr I r d d11 1 1 • 1 nd Ill. p rat1 n ph int n Ill I t lu·1ti >n it 111 i h I t h a1 t I i l rm ·11 io1 l an l\'k I t h 1iq tr ni t al t I · I J t nnin h ar ar d 5 The Weapons Program Management Department perf rms the following function : Manage coordinate , and direct the effort of the enter on a igned program ~ tabli h technical plan for execution of prog1 am by the a imilat , anal ze and integrate the r ult of c p rimcn t and analy e Cl n- du 't tl b the nt r, c ntract r ne · ~ and dir ct th u c of nrnnpo\ r and i ·al r our e in the ·orH.luct f 1..:ad1 l ro ram. h dcp·1rtm nt d inc . pn ram b_r · n id rntim I 1 ft ffl on c'H:h pn ram: and material. .'e, th cf ort of tht: nt r t n a i ncd hcd pr> 1 r· m obj ·ti\ . 2 l I inrit o · llo ·at d 111d . manpo ·r fa iJiti . · nd p:1rtm1.:ut d '\dop one ·pt an<l pr H:cdur to im1 rt vc th· c r•c ivc- 11 1 mcnt. l . anJ \; ·1lu·1ti< 1 l militar H! <l nt r. a Pl n p1hl -. i h th on- th r ·1 Ill 11 . h d · rtm , . or th initiati I r h J par m n . n Hi MISSIO ( oncluded) WEAPONS PROGRAM M T T 66 EPT E W >rl-. g n rall a ·c ptcd b an individual only when th foll wing rit na Ul 111 t · 1. h ~ ( r: ·un b don " ·ithin the 1 ntr, and per onncl ban whi ·h that R R 111diV1dual C( 1 trnl l pt:r · n hall · mmit < th r lo d " ork with ut th ir '011Cllrr 11 'C. fh af pr prial lundin° 1 Oil hand )fa ur din\ ritin°. h \\ rit t l II l I\. ·qui\ah.:n autho1iz·1titn i n h~ nd. h , 1thin th mi I ll ) th ·11 d t h '-= ii d i \'id- p n ibili or )lllplction o the , )f ) th I Ill t m1 u a I ·m <l p )I or hip ) u h l.' P n t • Jl . de bt it i u wdl t · n a tin hi h r · uth n lu: ti a in hi I nt 'Uld . ll T In ral llll 11 ' II' ' mu l ha h 1) \ 'II minunum d 1111 nt 111 h· n in rd ·r t u lfi.J Ill : □ lh 1· n· , r . T 8 I • and I ) . th I - c r K upJ I men it 1 liai adequate. hi cti n i cmp rur I a 1d i pr n l d in lieu of offich1l I fl c <lure pr ·n I cmg tormulat d. 7 0 TI, IRT K, ORDT K, r quivalent pon or' authorization and in tru ti n . □ □ E pon r Order or quivalent gu·1rantce f fund . 0ial r ritt n a uran, that th~ u al 1 i1 n ter ·an hand] the wod~ and that th1 " ork i , ithin th nt I m1 ion. T K EPT PL PL Th program manag r d vel p ba i plan which act a guide for the av·tl 1i il enter a ·ti n >n hi a ign d pr ram . plan i gen rail. r - qu1r d for al1 i nificant prog1am . The pro ,ram nnnager will d t rmin if hi R pr) ram 1 1g11ifi :rnt n ugh to r quire a for mal pro 1 ram plan . pp ndi ho t th r m· na m nt m th< . . PP · DI h fl Jhn mg ·ntcri.t v ill h Ip <l ·t rmin1.: hcth r a pJa, 1 n <.: m : I. 1 1 th num p:irti ·i1 a tin 1 lar, Ill ugh that a plan \: 'ill mat thci1 r I th L )IHI Hll..:nt h1.:i11, valuat icnt numb r at d/1 r u mpl ·. it ·arr· t Ion wl plan h n u c pt per 1 •a11izati I of ull I ha c. '? I th c.i tin, <l um 1t )f • uh nil d t r r.,p r 1 al. I I· miti n ti t I d I uati n h· t ll l ~ 11 \'Ill i n: Ir ·1 J r <l 1 ·t m ,fi. r Ill ll ll.' • 111 <l t 'I 111111 he rem· ind r. I! u 11·1t u1 · II ' in m· 11 11 J • 01 an pl · aluat' I ·. ·111d nwn p ra- ti nal parameter in th le t . J hat dctmiti rn i appli d. th 1c i an un •rittcn m ral o li a- tioi n the part t t LI ·ti it particular! I . to ·c 1du ar r cal m d <l fin · 11 p ibl d feet , and then to brm th , th 1 ith recommended c rr' ti c a tHm, t th a tt n tic n PL ( ontin ued of th pon or and all ther oncerncd. bviou ly, the so ncr any defect can be di cover d the ea ier and le o tly will be th ure. Thi i the ba ic r a n ~ r u h D D p Ucie a "fly b f re buy " early parti ·1pati OR, mid the lik : to find and elimin t a many d fe t a human] po ib] b for in c ting m ncy in pr duction bu ana r R p n ib1hti · JBILI- Program mana c1 ·nc r I on 1bl r )r pla111 in th ir pr< gram a ' mplct I. a pl Effe t1 progn m ·an b plann <l dth r ) th I ro 'mm mana r or (111 to hom he t 1i ta k u 11Jl1_ , } tcm I \"tluati n Divi- ion l ck: 11 Pr ho11ld b1.: pl:.1111 cJ , (.; rnpll:t v·tl at i < 11 pr , , ia 111 uni din.:d 11 ' th• prn nr i m ( u h a IL or ' ·1111plc houlJ l · rbit ·1 ril , >mitt d. l IH ul rt an I btain h r qu11 fh I. l l it i 11 p rti n < Cl mp t ' \;: , I u a tl n. ar d m d I 1 mmand . h1ilurc >r 11 ''Ill rel· ti c ll pro<lucti n b <,;:.tU ' ol inu m l •tc · luati >11 <luiin the pr 1 tam. fh phra f a11 p, duct <,;h~w, ~ t ri ti norma1l · n idcrc<l im nant .. ' · l r lia iht . Fl ct upp rt, int rat <l I 1 i tic uppl rt. and thcr . · u d 1 111 n t 1 r qui r h lJl i 11 t the int n t f th i ti 11 t cithc1 n- ura c r aluatil n r c 11dc n undere aluation. u n ·i nt ·a f n l ct 70 f important factor , however , have occurred in the past to warrant inclusion f these statements. PLANNING (Con tinned) Joint Pro rams JOI T PROGR When other ommand , uch a OP VFOR, participate in j int programs ith 1 E , a a te t plan whi ·h inc rporatc all requirement n dcd for th manag r. hi rnc<l ill be prepared hen ver f a ibl b th pr gram b ing tc t d at a in wh n th r is e cntiall u·h a P mt i ugu. nc t of material J lHlt t trn, 1 u ual1 direct •d by higl r · uth Hit ' wh 'r nl 01 mat ,rial is to b t t <l U\ tat d ab) c. and/ r t program t 0 \ ould un ' nomi al or t time cm umin . Joint t tin, i often don on pr pr du ·ti n quipm nt, v h1 h 1. in the hands o th ntra<.:tor H h n tc 1111 1 i required t d )Clim nt a <led i n rclati l lcttin 1 th pr du'tion ·>1 trad. · ~ t lata, thcrcfn. \ ill b· derived rom ·rntta tor 'ct a ·ondu ·t ·<l t . nt c aluati n b i r <.JL it ·d in · II u ·h · in pH 1 r·1rn . \ l: lllllll >n ht I in pre 1 r· m planni 1 1 i h in ludl: l< l man <l ·tail hi h , 1 a "\lra tt: 011 y 1 a h lft en 1 ba i . D--tail \! hi h 111i' I utdatc pr due• '1ro1 th._ t I re it th· cnti ' 1cJ rt. h c1c<libilit o the entire d l um '11 u pc ·t ~ 1 h n th r adcr annot cparat · the detail frnm tc hni al err r . n th the, hand. the plan hould 11\ t c t , ricf. Th' p1 gram nwna t.: r mu. t u • ,, ·1<lcra le iud 0 ment in tt i matt ·r incc indi idual pr gram differ 1 grca 1. t p rmit pre ribing pcdfic rul . Planning Pr gram plan h uld empha iLe ba I objec i e and ther p rtinent item r gardlc f the u ual tran icnt that c ur in program . en ral mile t n or 1 71 Ii II I ! clas e of objectives wouJd also be significant to list here. Thi will minimize the number of apparent discrepancie which arc caus d by changing events. Pr gram oordination L cal program plan hould be fully ·oordinatcd with and integr:.ited with the ov rall T 1P (t t and valuation ma ·tcr phu of th pc n or and oth r participating a tivitie . PLA IN (Concluded) PROGRA ~ ORDI Tl 72 TIO 1 " h primar product fall t ting, evaluation r arch, and dcvcl pm nt v rk. th t i p rf rmed at P int ugu i information. urth rm r , all u h ork. i larg ] wa t d unl th r ult in inf Hmation 1 -ommuni 'at d cl ail and 1,; th ) v he can u it." p · ram rnana r n l t ) en ur uch dear and · >mpl t mmu11ic1ti n on all tlwir pt ...71am r c. t nt tlnn i c >m- t I < lllllllllli , t io1 . n h rep rt nt r. lh t I >\'in, inl mati01 i a 'llid l l \' t > It ·um n plannin, i pre nt in · pp ndi. r . ) i · n·n l r ,~.11<lin d , h prep· r d th nter. Pa ·i 1 c lfand -11-)1- 11 d 1 r. I II h ul h pr - ta i 1 . h m t th pr h 1 1 izanl fu·1 ti >1 • I d p rtm nt. ilc 1 . a ·ii •• I / ll FI p. -· TI I Pl:. I 1 7 pr gram manag r i re po 1 ible f r complet planning of th form and c nt nt of ·111 r p rt in th pr gram. crall ngin cring t t plan, d I it rep rt n ' r port plan ' i part of ar t m t pon or r quir mcnt , and h uld b ompl tcd b for th w rk 11 th pr ram begin h r p rt plan " hi h i " rit t n th n in r-auth r and dir ct d t th pr ram mana er, -ummari1c th pr bl m t b : tta ·k d. _ th bj tiv , ,rnd ) th plan l f atta ·I . and th n tim·1tc th n; ult . p ·t d. Thi pl:mnin, i c mpk tcd ritin it rvl: t ) ·ry talliz th en in 1.:1 I n l l m nd t 1 dat th in , vi th th d 11 • 111 t pla I al ti · l II , 1 1 1b r ( I H 1nnmi ath n 1 am r th· t pt Ill 'Ill Ill ah ad it a ha ·J th th i l rm • lt Ir iJ I Ill h l ll It II r lilt rn I 1d ll" th t 11 h 111 rm Ill n 111 m u 111 rt m rn· I hni al I u Ii ati n and pr Jirninar < r maJ hnic· I publi · ti n Pr r· m mana r in th ir plannin 1 r 'fitt n c mmuni ·a i n i th primar , pr du h Ill h II tl ti 1th r· r ind r 1i1 nnu, tim mm l ph n r r I u Ii ti n P . ar in mind th t Ttllrl n<l mmuni ati n . thcr>l nc. h uld · I •a' TI R ,POR P 7 plann d a part f th total pr j ct de ign. Pr p r and mpJete planning ha twofold r ult in that on id rabl cot aving can b d ign d int th partic- ular d ·um ntati n n d d fc r a pr gram, and tl writing ·an b int grat d with th b·1 i \ r1' t n ur compl ti 11 0 the final d cum ntati n imm diat 1 , r 11 ine, 111f l tt n r th ll in rill) and analy i . I rtin , omph.:t pla1 nin J r \.\rittcn >mmu 11 ·1ti I r quin:ment l:t abk: a pn - ti ·d, tt · ml n t , • h du Ii n , , t I m .1 t • ·m <l ram m· 1 a, r l) h I l1 mana, r l r l utput >I hi pr).\; t. r·1m , m·m· r •h I id: th l mcnt~ ti n quired lll:'lr tim I • <l I initi d i il n 11 pr - I. la 11 <l ·um lin r I 11 hi ath 11 i hi Ii t 11.11. Ju id u Ii , ll i Jin h I 11 hi l. it . p I • ll I. hni mmmi ti h ] I I 7 -· ri ti 1 , at I in I ~ l l rit I. hel:k i t r PJannin a al i] ntcr n<l a al ii nt r pamphl ·t. a I 7 her pu Ii ati n ai l a ·aila le throu 1 th c ·hni al Pu lie. - tic n (' r r ncluded) 75 0 TR ontra 'tin 1 a aJ 1 i ii nt r d c not · ntra ·t f r w rl r material. h ntcr pn vid Ir >cur m nt inf rmati n and rcq 1c t t 70 on tra ·t Dhi I 11 f th uppl th aval i tl pH idc a i tan· a11d c l rti c in a· ordanc; ~ ith th ir a ti )J ith th a I gil nal Pt 1curcmcnt in ilarl . · rt·1in informati )11 i ·ii pnnid d to th l atc1 t · un h Jfl 1·mnww1 1 1.:r hluld ·mt, I )f 1 u1 an in ·111 m·1tt I in ol • in I l ntra~t b 101 prq arin 1 th r1.:quir d p·1p r 011' <l <lttri 1 1 th () I t. ii h ul<l I I a Ill it h 11tr·1 l >r n<l T1 Ill lf p rti · 1lar n r u ntl_ l m nt· I. i ]d. · , l 11 Ill uh ll 1) he th Pn a ti n t a mmit I l al r quir th ·r han <lul hi auth< rit . i uth 'Ill f Ill in itia t uncti nal r anizati n 1 ~ n ffi · . D I ati n i rall a<lvi able unl Ull ll HJ h ith rm 'h II ' mpl m n 1- l d. tr t I · t it hi l l. ithin th ir there i a H d r a rn t ) 0 TR T OPER Tl TI 7 admini t r it from the pr gram manag r' offi c. Thi i n i t n t with the prin ipl of pr viding a clean parati n b tween managem nt and th ac om- pli hm nt ta \... . ( n tra tor upp rt h n1'lna r ma prt vi<l th"' u ul an go rnm nt fa-ilit1• i, on al ic l i 11 t r t o the h a ·iliti t a >ntr· ·tot t] 1ou h th 111 r: i. . th r 1 th r n t u I thr u•h h m th llradm 11 th iliti k > pr par· ti n nl ran,, d um Pla ion i u ually ddc- at d Ih Jlp · r , I 'lll 'Ir t 1am d ). th ll n t I I d t i tni hi I n quipm I t , ti itu- 'l ti 11 llf l a 1d • tr n II <l n- Ill th th r th 11' l I ll l <l d ) rl ) h t hi h r n in a • \ •it h hi ntr h upp rt hi h m· ' lu t r l t Pl rt nd ph raphi 1p rt. ( ontinued) T I TR TR T R, T 77 n tract r pr gram c ndu t d · t P int M u 0 u will be 1 ely monit red and r p rt d n i 1 th am mann r · a pr gram . Th re arc v ral advttn- thi : b rvati n b and >mpli· n with th p lu o th n i mu t r I 1 o I I~ < 1 th 1tra tor' < \ 11 r p >rt . an url~ < th t • n t1 a ti< n lll'l) t 1k n at minimu n lO t. I inlt rmatil . )11 m apabilitil! • nu lit litati< n pl I t inir I }till m ll t and Hiler up1 01 t data ·an b · o lain'<. . 11 ll I\: IH It ati )11 i,: ill hav .... r 1ir imnm h tin 11 <l in b th I 1 nnm ll l I l l I amill·ir- it "th th av_,' I h ti quip- m ll lu m pn l'lll.) I· limir ~lli n it} th II ' 11 u d r- hi 11th r- IZ b h d - "rn i1 b h r un<l I Ii r h ill rt HJ HJ ill tail. h thi 1 Id l mp t n t r- 1111 ·I. 0 TR T OP JRATIO ( ncl udcd IT R PRO R 11 7 ME TR L Liai ( n tivi ti Th pr gram mana er 1 th primar and, for pr 0 r m matt r , th )} c nta ·t ith th p n r and th r out i · ·tivitie in lv d in th progr< m. hi i n ar~ b cau c 1 thl: pro 1 ram manag r i re p n >r c rall com- dinatil n and dir ·tion. and _ th I r 1 ram man·t r mu t ·no\ hat i >ill t n, p ·iall , at th man· , mt:111 I I. I u i 1 l drni · I Ii· i < n bt: tw \.:ll ta k I I l 1111 I an th r activiti tilt: p1 >"tam m:.t 1a, r. rcli tat j ll h pr > 1 1 am 1~ nu, 1 • , <l th p;1r i ul· rl Ill h ·11 th r I I t lu i a I h all h arc lik h t 1d I th! or 11 lfl • 'H to a tl Ill h\.:dUI <l iliti 11 I lin it· 101 rd i, n imp nan \ ' rk \ ith a 1d thr u 0 h a1 pr >priat fundional mana r onn I. It i p· rti ·ularl. imp rtant t< include the m · .. cff ·ti e in helpin pr 1 cut th 17 u 7 . j it th I I ro r 1m . t p it t \ 1 1 a1 1 manu 0 r tn ·II a the a . I .. r. nncl in LI I T V lTlI OU IDE Tl ITT j I I IIL I I I 79 1th ugh ertai1 ritical item re bett r handled in conf rence routin t chnical oordination and di cu ion m be b tween program manager and ta k ngin er on] with th -oncurrenc f th ta k engineer upervi or. h am unt f liai on intep1al to P int 1u 0 u mu t be hand] d on n indi vidual ba i . Thi m an the program m nag r mu t main t in u ffi i 11 t < 11 ta t ith th ta k r ani1ati 11 to inform him f v h' t i in n and hat ar th pr >bl m t h fl di I a<lmini t , the I ro ram. h r mu t ar full Jv Hd 1 uin d ta1h.:d in tr11cti l,l of the kind that ar h r pon 1t 1lit' of th u1 di rnal dcpa1 tm nt ref r H.:t.: A 11 I h ' pn pt.: r b-ilan t.:. th • 1 a <lelkat matt r and mu t l han mu h ri ti ),1 1th u 1 htfully~1.<l killfull_r. lat pn tc ha hc\!nthat l: n th pr J 1 r~1111 man a 'er a1 <l th <l . 101 th 1 ·1 um luti o th fun tioll'il r 1 ·111iz·1t ion . h f I r a ii ni t r I 1ir <l. utiHz th t·ll p· bilit_ mina i< n ot the b ti n. hi uil<l · r pt tali 1 n imp Jrt nt cap n, t rgc . and 1t1 l11 h pr tr ni ' h •hi h h I l ti in pr parati n f p rti n f pr gram ma t r plan . pr a l ·al 1· ti l m. fh f~ ll 111.1 a, 1 h tin, d I \irtuall d I - n ,,. t 1111_ t li i th an a t i in Jrmula tin, and p if1 ati n . t 1 1d in th ntinued I- l: I L 0 Matrix Management A matrix management system c i ts when a gr up of personnel from vari ou ub rganization within an organization ar brought together under a leader to ac mpli h a particular proje t. hu , th e per nn 1. t mp rarily at ]ca t, find them elve with two bo c , th team lead r. and their rcgubr up rvi r. Th y then o tain part of their I ad r hip frc m th t am lead r with re p ct l th parti ul r pr 1j ct fc r \i hi -h thy mbl d, and part of th ir l ad r hip fc r their r gular u1 er i r. he team lct 1d I a th m t ·1 'k. i 1 ac 'Of anc i th th ii parti ·11 1· 1 apabili- ti.: . a 1 coordit at th 1r If >1 t in rd· ti )Jl to th o er II pi ~ ct. Th r ... liar up ·r 1 < 1 pro ick <lail ' t -hni al su1 en 1 ·ion an<l c p rti c a w II a the u ual ad mini tr~ ti upc1 i i, n. Thi m 1 prl)babl_r b a hr r 111·11 ,jn . y t m in i1 du tr. a, d where th 're are III llh ici 'Il l per mmel for th ' numl 'r of ons: i11g prujc{ 1 . r~ 1 ti ·ul· rl t m rar:. 1 h tut t· nd- 11 i thl: ctt, i nt 1tiliz~ 1 li >ll > in , a n d < t ' n ti>J ould b > H I , n I u1 lh.:: rm • p > a I ·r d ,,cc u c<l thi hi 1111 • t· iz· tion h· 111, ·1 m n t l.'P , r 11 a111za- lo( heit m in '-= I : c ~ pri )f <l. pt in a t h it ·1d •:rt • h ·p ializ d , ain I ea < n c thi i th t h member h e t e . :.n d th re ar · gr al man h1.;rc it 1 e tremel diffi ult, i n t imp ibl lcarl defin the divi 1 n f re p n ibilitie b t\ i,;Cn th m. nd u tedl h n matri MANAGEMENT ROLES (Continued) MATRIX MA AGEME T l .I l 1 manag ment i ne e ar it i incumb nt up n all per onn l an manag ment to nab] it t work effe fficial guidan nth y tem i pr vid d in MI E I _oo. Oa Ob and O . ◄und ana) m nt h pr ram mana 0 r' c ffort will be in u ndanc \! i th th' fin- n ·ial rule c mtain d in 11 ~ In lu.t11al I tm I, unua l. I r rum ma: a 0 1 ill m n· l'. a a Io I und \ hi h hi I un < 1 ha ntcr t th th aus th1.: m h·1ni m ar ·td uat I d fin d i 1 H id rabk d tail it th . II· tan11al. h ) ·u 1 >t hb ,r- I und 1 rnna l Ill "H.:h pr r ·tin ll I h ar~ ru in Ul Ill I l. 11 n l t n h P ,r pl:.uu in, in th· i..: l ar ~. man i· 1 qu zc ·tt the ct d < t th r quin::m n d > ·umcn hi 'f Ill \ ill l ( l id llll al. I t nd 1 , nil , in thi r •ram. ibl • t th b h th n n h r ·ampl i..:a1 r ult in a i fi ult m 1 h · pn lf lannin th tit 1 • r \ ·i tlH 1t cqt · t • imc l< mpl t ( r pr ram u hat th comm· 1 ha call d it .. primar ' r du t' i n t ad q11at I ' pr dt d. T ( ontinued I I Ad. udication The program manager r solve mo t technical and organizational disputes. If he an not do this the di pute are ref rrcd in turn to hi department head r, if n cc ary to the c mmand for deci ion. It i important to n t th t while th program manager i a manag r and the fun ti naJ d partm nt hav the 'P r pon ibl f th quality and tim Ii c th' pr ram man er i n the cnt r· outp ut n hi pr rum and th r or will o ·a ionalh r quir d t< m <le ·1 i< n m ·hnk· I matt r . VI u I 'h l "Uti u I in 1 h m~tt 1011 111 ar a in \ ·hi ·h ht.: is l tent t 1an tht in \ h >m h1.: ha plat.: d u ·ti nal tc ·h 1i al , ' pon 1 ,lit~ . MAN AGEM ENT ROLES ( oncluded) DJ DI TTO Subj: AVAL ISSILE CENTER Point Mugu, California 93042 Naval issile Center Program anagement Ref: (a) CO · PAC ISRANI ST 5451 .1D AV -ISCENINST 5200.4 5101 17 August 1973 l. P rpose. The purpose of this instruction is to provide policy guidance on the principles of program management, and the program/ functional or anization relationships. This instruction supplements and amplifies applicable por ions of reference (a); ogether they com prise he ot l policy gui nee on program manage ent. 2. Basis . anagement of rograms and ccomplish ent of assigned wor shall be in ge er l accordance with the principles o ma rix managem n . Funda ental to this manage en method is he concep o design ting sin le man er or all aspec so single pro am. Co tac ith the sponsor and he program nage ent/coordina ion within he Cen er are su lly centr li ed in progra man em n o ices ihich are separa e f om the func ional organiz ions 1hich do the or . Program managers ccomplish assigned effo hrough their mm mbers of h m ri . Progra ark ·s ccomplis by se m me rs who r posi ·o ed i the unc ional o a iz tions nd ,ho are under hes pervisio o the c ional m n gers. Program n gers derive hei a hority ro he Co nding O icer nd er sponsible to he Co a ding Of ice or e cond c o assigned pro r ms. Pro ram man be es onsi e o hei supe iors and o thei sponsors nd p rso el mus be respo si e o hei sup iors nd to gra a s . Further d ails o program f nctio al o g ni 10 s' res onsibili ies a provided ·n is i s ructio . 3 . ,es . Pro rs (l) The progra m nager is r sponsible or cont c bet en At ISCE ( val issile Cen er), the sponsor nd other e ernal par icipa ing org nizations on pro rm m es such s scope o wo unding d adl ·ne etc. (2) The program mana er acting as an assi ned agent o he corrmand is responsible both to his superiors and to hes onsor or the overall quality, quantity and imeliness of he authorized program wor accep ed by the Center. NAVMISCENINST 5200.4 17 August 1973 (3) The program manager will, with appropriate liaison , estab lish required TEMP (Test and Evaluation aster Plan) elements employing functional tasking as necessary, apportion other program aspects into appropriate tasks, negotiate the assignment of these tasks to cognizant functional organizations, coordinate the overall task effort, insure that agreed levels of funding are made available to functional elements, and that negotiatio ns are conducted to effect necessar changes in such agreements. He wil l si gn outgoing progr am corres pondence (except here prohibited by other regulations). "Appro priate liai son" includes con tact with functional orga ni zati on supervi sors · how ever, routine daily coordi nati on may be effected bet ween program ma n ager and task engineer. (4) The program manager will specify what needs to be done , hen i t needs to be done , plus any constraints imposed by t he spo sor and his superv isors. Program managers will generally no be concerned i h ow the or is o be done , or o which individual the work is assigned , nor will hey becom unnecessarily involved in technical and opera ional ma ters which are he responsibili yo the func ional organiza ions. (Past experience as shown tha unavoidable exceptions will occur . These should be k pt to a m1n1m m. For example the pro gram manager may be required o arbitr e ch ical dif rences be wee unctional orga izations . ) nin in organiz (5) Progr mm n rs heir program reas ions. b. Fune re responsibl u i 1 i in the ions or ove all advance plan per 1se o the unc ion 1 (1) ssign nd supe 1se ,or 1hich Is nego iated nd r ceiv d 1n dance Ji h pa a r ph 3.a(3) bo e· re ssign pe sonnel a dread- jus e ort s necess based upon needs o o -goi wor p iori ies nd other germ ne conside a ions. (2) Insure hi . hest possible po ssional c libero outpu . ctive and stro g par icipation bys p rvisors is esse · l . (3) Remain wit i im limit and o her cons raints in ol ed. If deviation is unavoid ble ,or out solution wi h pro ram manager at earliest possible da e ( ho mus do he sa wi h his superiors and his sponsor) . (4) aint in high level o professional competenc o person nel and provide all other norm 1 fu nc i ons of supervision and person nel m anag emen . 5 NAVMISCENINST 5200.4 17 August 1973 (5) Functional personnel are expected to secure the program manager's concurrence before contacting other organizations regarding such program matters as scope of work, funding, deadlines, etc. Routine technical liaison is acceptable providing the program manager is kept informed. 4. Action a. Deviations to this instruction, where justified, may be author ized only by the Commanding Officer The principles of matrix manage ment require an extremely high degree of cooperation and close adherence to the guidelines presented herein. The delicate balance between the responsibilities of functional and program managers must not be upset if matrix management is to beef ec ive. Therefore, all personnel con cerned will exer every effort to insure full compliance with these principles. b. Resolution o interdepartmental conflicts and ev luation o pro gram management per or ance are responsibilities of he Commanding 0 ficer. c. The eapons Program anagement Officer ~ill de and main ain a Handbook system defini g nd speci ying procedures for imple en ation of hi policy . elop prom lgate he de ailed ,/ I ; I . //' /' 1. ... .,/✓ g .. ~· Distribu ion F-2 / /' . I RA f • SCH ARZ RE R R h f 11 wing r f renc contain ba ic tandard uidelinc or th r r I vant informati n f r manag m nt < f pr gram admini ter d by th aval 1i il ntcr. p cific r quire men t r I rovided iu nth r de cum n t which ar r fcrcnc d i1 th b dy < r thi hand < ok. D um nt v hich ·ontain additi< nal 1 u1<lan ar a I o r f re n c d . 11 r .1 • I 1 1 I l.: n t r Pr ram . n · 0 m n t. I 7 J- ll "ll t I I 11q o . h purpo o thi in. tr 1<.:ti H1 i j C poli r, ui I· ll ( l h pre ,,am m.n·' m nt. a1 l 1 pr 1 1 ·11 1/ u < ti 1 • I l r i.mizati 1 t1u tion a, · mpli 1 >rli 1 o · t , th r h , mpn th t< I l Ii un lum nt I pnn i1 I o th Ill lri Ill' I a Ill 'II ! I a ,, I Hrl li 1 n hnti I r 11 n ti •it 111. 1 I tr < 1 1111· nd I Ii ' ·nd1r« <ltr ~ th pr ti n t p ti n 1a1111·11 unt r- c un Thrca 11nul· ti 1 Pl Ii ati n t 1 cap H y t m Pr ram , 1 ul 1 7 . Purp .T t f rth • mmand poli and a i n re p n ibiliti1;: fc r th inclu- L 1 / and E hreat ~ imulati n appli ·ati n in \ eap< n Pr r m . 7 4. T 1271 .1 , qual ~mplo ment Opportunity Pr gram, b 197 Purpt . T) r affirm a p li f r c ntinuin a tio1 in qual · mpl ym nt pp rtunit and t pro i<l guid hn f r th impl m ntati n f affirmativ actior . 5. ,. 51.ID, P·ci ic 11 . ti Ra1 , r 1 ·tr 11at1 nal a, uaL I urp) < p,omul at the r 1 ~111iz-1ti< n·tl m· n 1·11 I 1 th ii l n , . ( i it n and un ·ti ma! tat m n t . I J • an f ). t • nd m at l J· 1uip- __ Jan I< 7 . Puq Thi i 1 tru ti 11 1 ui I n , in ~alu 11 Ju Jr ul Ill hi l h b· in tru 7. n I J · un ti p ra i r al I 11 I ti I l 1q l pr m ii at th 1111 n I d u1 p I , T n t nd I r I r j ct • pr l 7 Purp . The urp f thi in tructi n i t pro dme f r th a i nmcnt and pr cuti n ) ra i n" I a'l uti n t , nd I: · lua i n ta Ii h p h () R uidan an pm nt. R EF R ( ontinucd P RI I.ID E T t and ~ valuation (RD proJ t m upp rt of avy Re carch , d vel pm nt an d ·qui ition program . IRI T 54 . l . Pt. ugu · mi n an d functi n o , pr l 7 . l lllpl·. ) pin id th luncti 11 to b rfornwd b~ th a al 'cntc1 in upport o t 1 mi· h n a 1 11 111.:d b 1 . 'i,17 0 1 • I I lh .l 'I tr lhi in t1u·tio1 T • l~ t • n<l aluati >1 11. luq ti n . r l pr 1 -· ( I 11rp b ti I , . A i nm nt ) '( 01 di11·1ti( n I p 11 ibiht1 llHll'llld n L ·a I u · 1 t i < n , n t i< 1 . ur I r th c.: ,nizan mma 1 l . I , 1r<li11·1 ti 11 ir-l un h d , i l <l \ n mi t • ( tr 11111 r <l I I d l'lrl I I Ii in • ir-1· un n ir L·1 111 h d r th an 1 I pr v I ll h i l l :u · nd I alu· t1 n. )9 ., 1 l J7 . Ii h lic.:y ( r h ll1 luc.:t t t • nd rr I t all ith .. h <l lll d h I l Ii- • in th Ii, additi n. it di 1 d th' re p n ibiliti ( I the cputy IT ct< r < f Ol:~ n e R ar h and Ln in rin b 1 1efrn· . c, and . TRI T 5450.1 \ II I 4 If I •• J 1 . 0 P- .... 457 Rev. 7-72) D partrncnt or the avy RD uid 1 July 1 7 .... 1anagcme1 t lntroducli n. he D partmcnt )f th avy RD , a a mcnt uidc wa tl vclop d to aid b th n r. l RD , I: m·ma cmcn t and practi ing "journ m ti( n in th pl ,l 'ti in m r th ui c l rovid th m an for rapid ( ricn l'l- partm nt { I th 1 a y. t RD ·I· f~ nt. DT · I m:rna r th ,ui c 1 · a quick ur en 1al in ormati<n ·ind I :.id to dirl:di ontainin, t:t:.til I 0 uid· ll 14. \ . . ), l lannin° I< 1 Impl mcnt ti >I ol t t and c alt ~JtiOJ of a1<n, tClll _4 r ll' I 7. hi 111 ru ti in J ro id < , th phnnin, an I impl m Purp of l aluati H r uircd · p· rt ( the • 11 i iti 1 pH a id i appli - ·1bl hi all a , tcm a·1ui iti n I • \ l I 0.1 - l m umm (n-f ( HI 17 J I l uq . l r r id t 111 mm n<l • th th mm·, d th < the, atcd. dupli hi h th r p utin llll 'Ill 11 I 16. P-7 ... -0. tand· rd and h k a al il c 1t r. Jul I 7 _. ll l I I , l. · I t In i J l ,, b ra- I. ]11 ntr Ill r l <lir h "n J 11- rl· " it J J ll I ) . r • h1 ical rnrn1uni ·ati n · t th t V O P-2457 r i P- 90 Objectives. The Guide has four main objective : 1. To help authors upgrade the quality an d acceptance of the writing they ubmit f r revi w. To help review r reduce the tim the n d f r reviewing manu cript . 3. o pr vi<l tanclard that will nabl author , upcrvi or , ditor . review r , and 1 rnnagcr to work f ·cti cl., in comm unka tion team ' T J rv a a ba i • t , t ft r grc up ork h p and our in ritt n c m- muni ·1 tion . 17. tic Ran, m d .. 1 a al 11 11 nt r uth n and l:ditor I land bo )I' . I u u 1 l 9 1 . lntn du ·tit r. hi Inn l )l)k is a c lll 1.:ti mo inf rrnati mu tul h r : ~•n I p 1 )t I d ir pt 'P• Jin' ti report h.:drni ·al rc1 nt . I l ar l ) t ( i l l fll ·t 'I l1 t IH I t hnit:al ,j th t~ n aid and Hll d • t • lu i "ti r por . I . ti 'CJ\C . pril I ( Int red t n. I I l d 1 f r th C fc ti\ 11 ( a a )) Ill th in ·rr hti ·t 1cial ( t. . mnna ti hi allo\ i< n and m Jdi 1i.:ati n f th Ill d I hat p ifi rn ·an at :ii zed. I . I 1-7 qui iti< n ,t p 1 • tcm . p- tern r I 7 . lntr ducti n .... In the earl I 0' , a c n p \: hich n idcr f owner hip of a tern c er it entire life, in ludin th c t o de e)opm nt, REFERE CES (Continu d) -J 7 T .7_-4 91 a qui ition, op rati n, upport and di po al f the y t m emerged a an im- proved pr cur ment technique. Thi techniqu i called life cycle co ting C') . . . . Th obj tiv r thi hnical Publicati n i to provid a ummar nt dir ·ti and publica ti c n n the t hniq u a ppli d to w p n acqui iti n and t) u rg t a pr ' dur f r appl ll1 the t hniqu to th ork )f th a al 1i ii nter. _Q. 1 ai r. orn an R. I robl~m ol in° I i ·u i n · a 1 d on ~, n c . ·1d r- hip k till d ·tn<l ~ ill \ l Hk. _J. ( aum,rtn·r J .•. I r ct an. mnt. ) • ( I \\ i 11. J l \.:.. ) n K t. r, miz"ti 1 lill , r. •-llill. I ) . th int it ll Ill. 92 Th TH f llowing d finiti n hav be n ccrpt ... d fr m avy RDT Manag m nt uid V P-2457 (R v. 7-72) The followin terms u d in RDT E m n- ement were cull d from the ourc indi ted t the end of · · di · 1 inf or- m t · e b found . d f thi li r A co · tin of pl n- ni nd ibutin q tion in thi 1 v tion, full nt/ rou h th .20) I ALLO ATION - An authorization by a d signa t d official of a compon nt of the D pa1:tm nt of Def ns making funds available within a pre scrib d amount to an operating agency for the purpos of makin allotm nts; i.e., the first subdivi ion of an apportionm nt. ( avy Pro gramming anual) L T T - An authorization nt d within and pur to an allocation for purp f in urr mitm nts, obligatio , nd p ndit t ccomplish.m n an ap- an allotm nt is a p ti n which provid i r fficial t ion. ual) pri - n ain til or ar d fo ual) APPROPRIATION, MULTI-YEAR - An appro priation which is available for incurring obliga tions for a d finite p riod in excess of on fis cal year; i.e., for two or more y ars. ( avy Pro ramming Manual) AP PROP RIA TIO , - Y AR - An appropria- tion which is availabl f r incurring obligations f r an ind finit p riod of tim . Syn. 'continu- in " appropriation . ( D 5000.8) r a Di with U n. ( av 4 purchase of an item previously p9rchased f ram a system prime contractor who is not the actual manufacturer of the item. (NAVMAT P4200.33) BUDGET - A planned program for a fiscal pe riod in terms of (a) estimated costs, obligations and expenditures, (b) source of funds for financ ing including reimbursements anticipated and other resourc s to b applied, and (c) explana tory and workload data on the projected pro gram and a tiviti s. (DOD 5000.8) BUD T MARK-UP - R vi ion of a bud t in d tail, at a revi w l v l bas d on consideration of polici s pro ra , sch dulin co t fa ors and o h r pertin nt d t s b sis for ap- pro al or obli tion authorization. - Th pro of tran r r qui nt ( n ow ·m -p · r qu ) mpi- - and o- gi U up . 5400.14 CONCURRENT EVALUATION - Combines a Technical Evaluation and Operational Evaluation into a single project. (OPNAV 3960.1) CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT - A manage ment technique designed to (1) properly identify functional and physical characteristics of an item, (2) control identification and changes to the characteristics, and (3) record change proc essing and implementation status throughout th life cycle of the item. ( AVMAT 4000.20) CONTRACT - An agre ment, enforc able by law, b tw n two or more comp t nt parties, to do or not to do som thing no prohibited b law, for a le al consid ration. (DOD 5000.8) CO T, CO T - A contract which · for to th ac or of all wa to th pr · m th contr c , in- curr . rf or of h con rac . (D D 5000.8) in t CO -SHARI c -r im- hich th con- tra no f e but i r im ur d onl for an ion of it al . ., 1 costs. (DOD 5000.8) 95 CONTRACT, FIRM-FIX D-PRIC - ~ contract which provides for a price which is not subj ct to any adjustm nt by reason of th cost experi ence of the contractor in the p rformance of the contract. (DOD 5000.8) CO TRACT, FIXED-PRICE TYPE - A type of contract which generall provides for a firm price, or under appropriate circumstances may provid for an adjustabl price, for the supplies or s rvices which are being procured. (DOD 5000 .8) RACT, FI RIC WITH CALA- fi d- t p of ontract which pr for th rd and downw on of th con pric nc 5000.8) mand. i b do n on in ci s (su ns in l pri and labo ) whi h ar d fi in h c ( D m . 0.10) COST CAT GORY - One of thr e types of costs into which the total cost of a program element is divided: (1) research and d velopment, (2) investment, and (3) operations. (DOD 7045.7) (1) Research and Development - Those program cos s primari y assoc1a ed with Re search and Dev lopment efforts including the development of a new or improved capability to the point where it is ready for operational use. These costs include equipm nt costs funded un- der th RDT appropriations and related ili- tar Construction appropriation co ts. The x lud o t which app ar in th ilitar Per- onn 1, p ration and aint nanc , and ro- m nt appropria ions. am h d. ( 6 COST OVERRUN (UNDERRUN) -: The ne i: change of an estimated or actual amount from a base figure previously established, which change is not attributable to any other cause of cost growth. (DOD 7000.3) DEPARTMENT OF THE AVY FIVE YEAR PROGRAM (DNFYP) - The avy's official pro gramming document commonly referred to as the Blue Streak. This publication consists of volumes or booklets and displays the avy's portion of the Fiv Year Defens Pro ram (FYDP). SECDEF approv d forces man pow r and financial da a ar given for each avy Pro gram Elem nt f r th curr nt, budg t and pr - ram years. ( a Programming Manual) r a rocurin l that ju into con 10) DISCO T RAT r u d o iscount or appl va mon to u s s and o a o arri a h ir pre alu s. 7000. 14) D U R - A OOD-wid s rvic ct d toward th a quisition, stor- age announc ment, r ri al and s condar distribution of t chnical documents. (DOD 5129.43 ) DOD COMPONENTS - The Military Depart ments, the Defense Agencies, the Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Office of the Secretary of Defense and activities administra tively supported by OSD. (DOD 4640.1) DOD COMPONENTS - Military Departments and Defense Agencies. (DOD 5000.1) ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY - The capability of electronic systems, equipments, and devices to operate in their intended elec tromagnetic nvironment with a defined margin of safety and at design levels of performance with ut unac ptable degradation due to lee- tr magnetic interference. ( AVMAT 2410.1 ) ERI G CH r fun tion r is tic of a s m · r b i r d, or un- pm ablishment of such ch ti 7000.3 } . an d f for h r Cunc il lu- R !TE (Article ) - A om- on and necessar as m- b b and part conn ct d or r top rform an op rational fun n. {S AV4423.5) EXPENDITURE - A charge against available fund . The are evid nc d b vouch rs, 97 claims, or other documents approved by com petent authority. Expenditures represent the actual payment of funds. (Navy Programming Manual) EXPLORATORY DEVELOPMENT - Includes all effort directed toward the solution of spe cific military problems, short of major devel opment projects. (DOD 7720.16) EXPLORATORY DEVELOPME T GOAL (EDGs) - D scrib in terms of quantitativ p rformance l v ls within ch function l area, d sir d futur p rati nal c pabiliti s. ( AV MAT 3910.7) FI A mat B C p FLE TR amina ion f n ur l or sp ial ph nom na in an p rational n ironm nt r quir d b a DA in pros cution of res arch and for which h as- sistanc th op rating fore is n d d. (OP AV 3960.1) GE RAL OPERATIC AL REQUIREMENT (GOR) - Forecasts of operational capabiliti s that will be required in major warfare or sup port areas to counter predicted threats or to satisfy anticipated operational objectives, that will be needed during the time frame 10 to 20 years in the future. (OPNAV 3910.9 ) INFORMATION ANALYSIS CENTER - A DOD wide service directed toward collecting tech nical information in a specific area of effort and its evaluation and filtering into th form of cond ns d data, summari s or state-of-the-art reports. (DOD 5129.43) I F RMATIO RET Y T - A ys- t m for lo ting nd mand c r- tain docum nts or oth l - vant to a · n · r r nt f a · sue h mat l or n r · in . v Pro- 100.35) R or- n ign d th im r - ri l m em o for par lar i o - partment as a whol . ateri l 1 n- agement includ s catalo in direction, r quire ments computation procur ment dir ction, distribution management disposal direction and generally r build direction. (DOD 4100.37 ) 98 JOINT FORCE MEMORANDUM (JFM) - A doc ument prepared annually by the JCS and sub mitted to the S cretary of Defense which pro vides recommendations on the joint force program within the fiscal guidance issu d by th S er tary of D fense. (DOD 7045.7) JOINT STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES PLAN (JSOP) - A docum nt pr par d annually which pr ~)V· s th advic of th Joint Chiefs of Staff to th r sid nt and th S ary of D f nse on t ilitary strate re o · · s f · · national s rity o of t . In addi t r da- LI (L r it · s nal re n ss nt of risks · co manpow r pportin data. ( avy Pro- R p p 000.8) f pro ur m nt uppl yst m f f su h ction. mt r and r (1) t h in r uld b t t th iti n, st m in nan i aw rd of 11 as acqui c s for hard w r and r u :"o t. ( T 4000.20) LO ISTICS D ELOPM DA A - D tail d rnf orm i n on the operational r quir ment for th sy m or quipm nt which is initially pro- mulg d in th Sp cific p rational Require - ment and e p nd d upon as necessary by th Principal Developm nt Activi to produce a compl te sc nario of the conditions under which the system or equipment is to operate, includ ing the reliability and maintainability require - ments which must be met uring that operation. (NA VMAT 4000.20) L PLAN - (D partm nt of Defense Log'istics Systems Plan) A DOD-wid , long-range im provement plan for logistics systems develop ment, compl menting th Fiv Y ar D f ns Program (FYDP). (DOD 5126.43 ) MAJOR MISSIO SPO SOR - Th C C a DC O or a Dir ctor of a maj r staff ffic who is d si nated s resp nsible for d t rmining bj ctiv s tim phasin and supp rt r quir - ments and f r appraisin r adin s nd pa bility to fuliill th assi n d mis ion. ( av Pro rammin nu 1) ILI h n .16) r - ·r w,. rd ti r quir d )l U f pr ( P- 4720.2 ) R- r i - 1ili r h not s facili d s - cif ically to staff a nci at in all nvir nm nts to local an d inf rm lion con- cerning op r tional p rformanc r cord d command judgement, availability of resources, and environmental factors; and to facilitate employment of such information in the conduct of readiness analysis. ( OPNA V 3 501.1) OBJECTIVE - A goal, expressed as that por tion of the "what " "when " and "where " of a ' ' r quirement which is reasonably feasible of attainment within the expected availability of the resources of men, money, and technological capabilit . ( avy Programming Manual) OBLIGATIO - The amount of an order placed, c ntract award d, s rvice r ceived or oth r tran action which 1 gall r s rv s a sp cified am unt of an appropriation or fund for exp n ditur . ( av Procrrammin Manual) ED - An uthor - iza n R iel COMPT orm 2189-1 ( prov · t) th nstitutes authorit r incur- ring obli · s withi orized for a h n d h re- in. ( OP 'R · ri missi l ibility d appl' o 0.38) by t T D LOP T - r 0 d d elopment effort di- pm n n ine rin and t p o hicles and hav b n p or pro uction pl . ( 20.1 ) RD - Ordnanc yst m is d fin d as a combination of subs st ms, ass m bli s parts, s ts p o rams, and Integrated Lo istic upport which in conjunction with other shipborne systems op rate to project s ructive pow r be ond the conlin s of th ship, xclusive of such ombinations not under th ma erial co izance of AVORD. It includ s all subsystems, quipments and components un d 1 the material cognizance of AVORD as de fined in its charter and in addition, the ord nanc aspects of their interfaces with other shipborne systems. Ordnance Systems are types of "shipborne systems" as defined below. (NAVMAT 5400.14) PARTICIPATING AUTHORITY - A participating authority is assigned responsibility for the def inition, development, acquisition and logistic support of a given system, sub-system, equip ment or component, particularly wherein a Technical Development Plan (TOP) is involved. He has the obligation of providing require ments to and consulting with the coordinating authority. (NAVMAT 5400.10) PILOT PRODUCTIO - The controlled manu facture of limited numb rs of an ite for serv i test and evaluation purpos s using manu facturing drawings and sp ifications which hav b end velop d for quantity produ tion and \ ith t oling tha is r pre nt tiv of th to b used in unlimited produdi n. ( V IR 4 200 .12 L GE TIMAT estim s of op rational / t chnical ch ract ristic s dul and Pro r m cquisition p v 1 is iv n by the r ar f - ram o mov rom th Co 1 f d velopm nt to th i 00.3 ) PO ICY iz d ir or promul a t ic polic r · y m nt ffort, i llo · n of r ITY (PD ) - oprn n · · th Chi f of 1 nt an h ion of d p- ly bu · for and hin th pl . AV T 3910.3) PRO R M T - Inclu purchasin r ntin , or otherwis ob ainm uppli s or s rvices. It lso includes all funct ·ons th t p ain to th obtainin of suppli and s rvic includin scription bu not d ermination of requirem nts selection and solici ation of sources, preparation and ward of contracts, and all phases of contract administration. (DOD 5126.34) 100 PROCUREMENT ANNEX - An official annex to the FYDP which displays details of the planned procurement programs of the m~litary services. (DOD 7045.10) PROGRAM - A plan or scheme of action de signed for the accomplishment of a definite ob jective which is specific as to the time-phasing of the work to be done and the means proposed for its accomplishment, particularly in quantita tiv terms, with resp ct to manpower, material, and fa ilities requirements. (DOD 5000.8) PROGRAM - A combination of program ele ments d sign d to e press th accomplishment fad finite bj ctive or plan which is sp cified as to th tim phasing of what is to b done and the m an propo d r its ac mplishm nt. Pr gr gr ations f pro ram l - m nt o th to 1 n 7045.7 ) d T cos - Th n tru tion 000 .3) (P R - ro- - an s to h n Pro- ) - i ss - s ore s m n at - rials ( p rsonal prop rv- ic s and cos s as applic ( D 70 5. 7) PRO RAM LE OM RATOR - An d by his parent organization and designated by the Chief of Naval Develop ment to serve additional duty as staff to the Chief of Naval Development to perform functions related to the Exploratory Development Pro gram Element assigned him. (NA VMAT 3920.2) PROGRAMMING - The process of preparing a program, especially in terms of quantitative, physical requirements of manpower, material and facilities. (DOD 5000.8) PROGRAMMING BUDGETI G SYSTEM - The procedures for the establishment, maintenanc and revision of the Five Y ar Defens rogram and the DOD budget. (DOD 7045. 7) OBJECTIV M MOR D M (POM) - dum in rib d format submit d tar of . s by t D partm r th D whic mm ncl r within th r f n fi l D 7045.7) offici I in trum n a' Pro · c ana r' the pr ·ect or task ar a l el (or comparabl l v 1 f ffort) only b which th di c ion and au hor · for e ecution of planned proj ct or program effort is pro ided for weapon or equipment s ems. ( T 7044.4) 101 PROJECT MA AGEMENT - Management of a proj ct usin organization 1 or procedur 1 alignm nts, which will p rmit varying d r s of int nsified dir ction. This may apply 'to manag m nt f a c mpl t system or any por ti n th r of, and it m y in lud 11 phas s of d v 1 pm nl pr ducti n and distribution r b limit d to a sin 1 ph s . g., d v lopm nt. ( ,· r gramming M nual) BI - h cov threats through special administrative proce dures to expedite all or any portion of the de - velopment, test, evaluation and subsequent pro curement/ production of eith r modifications to xisting warfare systems/components or n w warfar systems/c ompon nts. ( .c,C AV 3900.37) RDT PR RAM - Consists of all fforts fund d from th RDT .c, ppro ri tion r gard - 1 s of pr ram cat ory or pr r m el m nt. (D D 7720.13 ) . "fl d lll th n rial ·u d tion of 10 ... identified military problems. It also provides part of the base for subsequent exploratory and advanced developments in Defense-related technologies and of new or improved military functional capabilities in areas such as com munications detection, tracking, surveillance, propulsion mobility, guidance and control, n vigation, energy conversion, materials and structures, and p rsonnel support. (DOD 3210.1) H - tnclud · ntific tudy d tow rd i ndi i f 11 for 400.14) SHIP CHARACTERISTICS - Those operational, physical and technical qualities and features that enable the ship to perform the mission and tasks assigned. (OPNAV 5420.31) SHIP CONTRACT D FINITION (SHIP CD) - Ship Contract Definition is that phase during which preliminary design and engineering are expand d to establish the ship production con figuration· tntegrat d Logistic Support and firm production, contract, and management planning rep rform d. ( AVMAT 5400.14) HIP IMP 1 gu mal m t t m I IR hich author - A cat - c g · opment or an Op r h n el n Proj t and as uch i u in hich th 10 Chief of Naval Operations states a n ed for d v lopment of new or improved capabiliti s to counter a sp cific thr at or to satisfy an operational defici ncy. Th OR normally follows, and is based on, information contain d in the Propos d T chnical Approach (PTA). (OP AV 3910.6) PPORT T CH OLO Y - Explor tory D - velopm nt which is not xclusiv ly a s cia d with n on of th oth r fun tional r a . ( A AT 3910.12) M / P r wi ati p ) r vi w. It is prepar d in response to an Ad vane d D v lopment Obj ctiv (ADO) or a Spe cific Operational Requir ment (SOR). (OP AV 3910.4) T CH IC ATIO - st nd analysis r quir ing Ag ncy (DA) to deter - min ns sys m, support sys- t m m nt or mat ial ets d s· functionin in a h- nic r in it o rat· 1 ically u bl .1) n , d un or- . ) 104 UN OLICITED PROPOSAL - A r search or d velopm nt proposal which is made to th Government by a prospectiv contractor with out prior formal or informal soli9itation from a purchasing activity. (ASPR Se tion IV Part 1) VALIDATIO - Th action taken by th cogni zant Military ngin rin Activity to confirm th f ct that th sp cificati ns, dr win s, or ssociat d applicabl pro ur m nt t hnic 1 d cum nt tion r fl ct th a ct rat and curr nt minimum p ration 1 n d of th ilit r D - p r m n s. (D AR 4140.37) 1 5010.7) R in 0.13 . WHOLE SHIP TUDIES - Whole Ship Studies are those cost-effectiveness feasibility, and engineering studies involving the ship as a whole, as contrasted to these involving only a particular shipborne system. ( AVMAT 5400.14) WORK BREAKDOW STR UC TUR - A product orient d family tr division of hardware, soft ware, s rvices and oh r work tasks which aniz s, d fin s and graphically displays the duct to be produc d as well as th work to ccomplish d in order to achi v th spee d product. (DOD 7000.2) ORK PACK quir d o comple 7000.2) ch and for pu 720.13) d lin ation of work r - p rti ul r job. (D D rm • f r n- 105 1 I I I \ l 11 1111 10 Organization 50 0 50 51 51 520 T _ ___ ___._ ---- -- RI DE T C.H 107 Weapons Program Management CO A DI 01 AP 10 Test Operations COM A DI G OF-FICf:R , AVAL ISSIL CE T R T ST OP RATIO S DEPARTME T 5200 TEST OP RATIO S OFFIC A 5701 CHI F E I EER 201 5201 2 A 'I ISTR Tl E OF IC C ROI ATI 2 0 110 52 0 FU T E DIVISIO I STRU TATIO FLI HT SUP OHT OIVI 10 L 5201 5240 LIG TSU SERVICE ABILI OIVISIO 0 109 Laboratory C FICE Al/A "41 llf CE HII LAB T 5 LA BORA TOR Of IC 01 IAT 110 Aircraft Maintenance I I '------I I I I I '----------'I I I I · I I · II.______. 111 Threat Simulation IC UV.TIO D I ULATIO O FIC R I I 0 I 1 Photo/Graphics 01 V l I ILE C T R I 1 Fleet Weapons Engineering A DI T 114 B 11 S PPb DI B L Tl PR Thi app ndi d ptd a • t pt ·al" pro 1 rarn pr) , hi h, . Ith l1 l it d ) a J . hew- 1 uid in und 1 t· n lin )' the pr t:C In a tual pr:.i ·tic . \! pn ram. \! ill 1..: nft rm in all r CV I thi hart h Hild b hcl1 l ul in illu tratin 1 th and th u 11<.: >f th C\ 11 t • l r pl n )f th I I h ulcl Ill th r quir I I , 11.:11 • time ale. nd a ti , I ti ti l 1. ~ 1 I - -..J TECH DEVELO PLAN (TOP I SYSTEM SPECS DEVEL T IDT NT RATIONA T OT&EI AC • • A hcu A -1. t and I .. BIS . °T OT&E COMPLETED °T RELEASE TO SERVICE °T PELEASE TO PRODUCT! •••••,,-,..,_ -• .._._.,,,'-"" .,..,'- l\. ~ L . ~•V•\.~ L.1 y T • AUl:.\.IUA\. L CA LAB °T ENVIROM,lfNT Al TEST IN 1 A I DCP V #J DSARC irJ IRST PRODUCTIO °T ARTICLE ACCEPTANCE TESTS °T GLAT SURVEILLANCE ( ,__ ( __ _ TESTING ) ) UCTI ON/ OPERATION 11 . .r, r.., 'J ;... - - 111 II Ill R I 1 APP DI H L E T I IE R 11 app ndi ill u trat· ral m thod rm n em nt nd n t th t th m na er i fr t ll C hi ·h r 111 thod h f . rnr .h rem· in 1th in th u n ( f a in tru lion . parti ·tdarl 5 I t 1 th mt n { f th '~n al 11 11 mu ·h ~ d >m a r in m:ma 1 cm nt m th >d to cna th pr 1 ram mana er to ar ' th appn a h in I t > the parti ular pro iam in V )h, cJ a \ II a hi 0\ 11 C " I ricn and t nt h a1 pr d under "0th r ch HI .• ha C littl or n appli · ti n t pr> 'ram at the n er and arc not r mm ndcd. Ii L r "' D R Tl TH • 1od •rn·d ud •n n ~hi • < Pl HO,lC I { cl uhj c om• m n o\, ,trd lh no and om• •ncl {) () 1h ing h ot h IH " ' • 1n , I • •r I o 1t1on < uncl r ,ind JHCll () org,1 11,1 ions Th Tr1d1t1 n I h 1 , • 1 01 n min g •r l n , n l I •rour tt, nr1 f mh h >( I 1 t ,r up t n,,nll 0 f I II n Olll f JU f 1 d t r ' ,,1 1d, •n11111 d ,, ,•r,,I 0 1 I " " 1 h, ol I l, •1111 I ,, ol ( ,I' 1 , •r,1/ ,If d It 111 ri,1 • • 1f I 1•1 ,., r.tr I I loml in 1' 111 R ·printcd ith p mu 1 n f th auth 1 If r rt ,. Iii k. Th an· m nt < 10 niz ti 11 tern and ll uman Re ppr ach , rav -Hill B k o., 1 7 ....... nd editi n. 1 0 onw ol tlw tund,rnwnt.11 c h<HiH l<'ric,ti ot th' pro •c,c, ot m n<lgl'llWnt c, hool ar : 1 Th, turn t1on, ot 111<1n,1g 'Ill nt, c,u( h d'i c r < ting, pl< nn1ng, orgc1n11ing, mot1 ting, (ommun1c,1ting ,rnd controlling, ,H cJ 'lin •d, •n pha 11 •d , nd c;tudi d. 2 Prine 1pl<'" 01 tund,1mc ntal truthc, , bout orgc ni7 tion'> c. nd rn, n, g m •nt r th ught >I tl" IH 1ng 1mport,111t ior < l,11 ii\ 111g tlw c,tud'), o m rnc1g •m •nt ,ind tor 1rnpr) 1ng 111,lll,lg 'rlc I J)I ,H ti( l' . Prin ipl<'" o m,111c1g •m nt ... hould h' th• t,1rt1ng prnnt tor r ''><'cir h tind should , u•lcl h • mo..,t lh •t ul m,m,1gt•r H nt th '<H\ 4 Th pr<H -. o mc1nc1gl•rn •n 1-. ,111 ,irt vd11<h i cone rn • J ,1th th• c1ppl1tt1t1on ot rn,rnc1 , •m •nt princ 1pl '"· \an, , •nH nt I uni, •r ,ii inc<' •ood m,111,1g •m •n pr111c 1plc hc1, P om • <1ppli- t ,I Hirt\ to ,111 ( I ',H II.I 1011 \,1m prim 1pl • 11 llldll 1 • 'llll n di • tound thrnu •hout th1 ho 1 ,ti hough no cih cl\ cl • ..,, 0 n •d ,l U< h I hu ll I< ()k ht1 111< orp H, d rn,rn o h • 11nd1n • ot h • r,Hlr 1<>r1,1I ,ri I l lw r.idrt1on,1I < lin()I hc1 •r •,1th 111 lu •rn Id p •rh,1p clornir1ct • I- r 1, 11,1' 1,11 ll ,ind < ut .indmg ,H 1plt• o r>t •r 1H • rn,1 11,tl in lu < 1, ol .tr • \ldtl .t\.!rl, 11• Th• Empiri .,I h ol ( HJ ,I h I I fl ' I I • h «t 11 ' rt ,1 ,I< C r C ,t rn Hld ' • led • r h ( r 1 clnlZ ,Ill C fl ' llctl ti • m.1nc1g •r Th• hum,in u h c1 f , he log, ,ind < (Id h 11 Bo 1 l Jrl J , ll ' l I · I· m c n r- 1 1 ,[ ~[ T l H CfIT 11\J Pl R Pf Tl [ 379 l ht human r l,1t1on~ ~{ hool point t th ,mp >rtan of th indi ,du I' nd ps { hol gical n' d~, m ti ,1tion, c1ncl in ormc I r(•I t1on hip in rg ni1atic ns. of th, s he ol { ompl, 1n th 1t th ')Cho >I •rnphc1'>11<.•~ "p •n nts , n a p ts c I th • hum n r •I t1 n s hool h,w' I> n disc u,s( d •Mli •r in this< h, pt r \'\h r • '-" • ht1 s • •n thc1t h • hum, n r ,1, tions ,11 pro,H h dt'I 1n •s <111 t•ntir<' •rc1 1r1 rn,111,1g •m •n t th1r1k1r1g R c nt \ ', r hc1 \ itn '" ' l ,1 r '\1 \cll ot lrlt 1 r • tin hum,111 r lc1 10n 1.rn\ out t nding ho ks, I out hum m prol>IPnh ot org,1niz,1tions cir t1\,11I, bl •. Th O i ion-th h l h • r.i 1on.il1t\ ol d • 1 1 >n ,md ,rn.ih I ot th • proc h cJ '( I IOI! th 'CH\ < h > ,I f h1 I C Oil< Jilli( lllcf pre 'l ,ir • ,Hnong th • ,11 h,t , I • clJ>I I I d h ( l tu I cl'{ I l!Hl I h Th m~ ti , I h Th· f rm Ii m h 11c 1111 ro 11 , I hold h prt ,r ( ( I ,tncf ol cl 'l I IOfl m,,cl ru ,. I imp r ,Ill ,incl < u 1 h lo b rm 11 m ( i he I I hc1t I I ) • cl d • Ill •cl I \ l tnrr l,tl I I( n ,tr • ,H < rl I< ,ti rlrltur I( 11 ,Ill 1111 ,ii cHfl • ,I h • 10n I d • r- r\ , nd di nl , n • 80 I fl \ D r~ Tl l h t rm,1l1..,m c hool h,1.., t ntril utc cl mu h n ,, < I Ill n- g 'm nt th ught. " l p1 primer n rn to thi h hi rar h bj t1\ , rm I uth nt I nd n 1bd1t r I t1 n hip., nd, nd P n ontrol . th1 .., h mpl, 1 n th t th, m unt to "org nizati n v\1thc ut " A, m1 •ht p '( t f, j rm, li,m t nch t > ni, t1on wh1 h me b d ~ rd d a ,t1 d, nd int m uth thct m t 'nd t kill initldtl\ nd ti\ It \.lthin th )rg ni7 t1 n th ' t rm 11 m , Pl ro h h I i th.it It r rg n11, t1on v\h1 h r , rd rl , nd r I n I. Th h r ,ur o r in ti >n nd 1 • or •, n1z 1t1on, I l he ·1or \ di ,1u '"1round h r, I" I , cf h • ,td < o th p n c n 1t • ,l n ru n r I m rg n ,n u J •n , o n I 1 d n ro <HI r ,p ti <h ,1 TJ •· h ,II ·n • - nd- • r m • lo •I II, I <> I I c.1II n · nd-r h ,I c hou, JI'' l,tll f • ., . ,tr f r,• J on ' ,!pf ff lcH ,tel 0( ,1 ' h Ill •m~ •r tll r• Jcllld 1th' 1 A Cl 'v\[ l 111 )I Cl IT I PLR. Pr flVF 81 p rform n h nth ti t d through ,1ppr pn h 11 ng '"· Th b I 1 th t th . n to b g<- in d through c1 hi 'Ving w rth hil, g I. -r, pon-, c d t h Id th t rk r b lat1tud th,rn th and p ,rfc rming th mp Id b n r pr dur .., th, t r u mpli hing th r ult h Id 1mum r th r n hall •ng nd r "P n rg m nt Th t i , in 10h nlc1rg m •nt, v < rk •r-, c r g1\ •n th re pc n for Io ibl 'ol th tot, I tini,h •d pre lu h r •n1c •. In om• 101 \\. rk •r rl' h •Id a >Untt1bl t >r m, t rit1I pur h 1s • or quc1I 1t Th· Dir• ti" ho > I h ,I< t thou 1 ht i h, t 1 ,h,ll to do fur h r, llhl in ,l I , p , ,HJ hnri •, cl ' n ( pp Th .h " - nd-b I n h ul ur I in h ompl1 h1ng ( s mu h a •nl, rg m 'n t c1pplt , 10n , >n ml > th 1r pre du . n n d Id n I 4 82 \\,\ •\Cl H I I 11 )UCI I I D PR Tl f .., h ol Th, i ,1c1 " h ol. so ,olog ha ontnbut d mu h of thP r th •r ,1ppr h' to m n.1g •m<.>nt , nd I >c1d r hip , r d ( rib d b ' \\Ord u h 'd me r t, ," "c.wtou, t1 , '"p 'r'.on, I, " • nd "nonp rsonal " 1 h c pproach' to man- .1g m{nt ov r a\ •r ""'cl' rrng of p sc;1bl E aluation of th Di h ol 1 h qu '-lion< f \\ h1< h s hool of rn n g m •nt th ught I b ''-it I ott n r, 1 d Th n w r , ,mpl •- n< n of th '>< h c I is inh r ntl t But c II c th• sc he ol-. o thought hc1v • som v,1lid1t\ tor m,111,ig •r.., \\ h,lt ,., n l •d ,~ <111 appro 1 h o m.rn,ig 'n •nt th,1t \\ ,II in orr r,lt, th • \i '\\ ot '\ •n < ho I, , h r h con pt )I ,,,lid. l h vl10 l,11m th,1 th ir JhHt1c ul,u hool ol mt1n,1g m nt thought i, th• m •,m- ing tu I \ i '\ • o m, rn t , 11 • p • 1 h, 1 p b Ii n i m • n i n , n o I J Io I k , 1 I • r< m th I, n j o In l,, 1 h • clr,t\\ n mong th •m I\ • "h n h '\ J, , gr d u1 n h • d < ript1 > in rn,rn, ou hing onl ' h • hro,HI ,cl • o th ph,int. t l,11m >h,rnt h on l blind m.rn t I h nt' cl h p ,,in , h u 1ou 1,tr ling on!\ I •g <> •I p 1,int. h • ur h lin 11 111 l> ll 1 hlin m,111 h h •I - ph.tn !fl , h I bl111d lll ctrl hou THE ll,1 lcl g1 r ,, n,tl 1 •r orm,m ,1 , ud • , ,n •n , • rn ' < r' n11c1 ,on H hin , in ludin , ru ur •, nd n ml I l,1p1 I I I II HI fur h r, 111 • hc1 mant1g m •n , nd d, c ,plin •m I 5 \.~ A~lv\[ l IIIOL 1 Clll IN PlR Pr 11Vf 8 f> rformc1nc. ii; not, ,1-, om o th' '>C. hoolc, of thought.., 'rn to tnd1 at•, due to n ingl onP or kind o tht ' , rial I Th tot I m1 man ari, bl '5 d t rmin th nd r ult of org. n111t1onal p 'rt )m1<1n ~ Th ' mo'>l , he t< t, llv ub- .., 11b ,., '>lc1\1 hi to , n n o the h >< I t1v m, nag r I c n who c1 h1 \ 1 v,,orkabl •, jud1 1ou mi turc. of all th ', m roe h , nd t • hn1qu o m nc1g rn nt FOR R w 0 DI 10 1 D .., nl h import,rnt h,H,H t 'ri ti sol •,1 h oi th • tour r •rio J of m, nc1g m •nt thought 2 \\ ho i r o >ni7 nt1f1< m,in, gt m ntl I 1 th• !<1th •r of < 1 nti ·i m,rn,1g •m •n 1 hc1t i rn •c1nt b , in sci •ntiti m,111.1g •m nt I J t > th • mph, i on hum, n r •l,lli rn 1 \ h,1t , r r • ult ot h • I I 1 , horn • p •nm nt 1 \ ht1 1 th r l,1t1on hip ot m ,r, I ,u, I pro Jue t1vi ? ,, n \\ord d rib ',l h ot th on h • rn mc1 • •ri I •mi in 1 1 ur numl •r on th horizon t1I ,1 1 1 ( 1, ). ( 1, 1); ( ,5), (<, ); \OU h, oh din Ille n Ill Incl I rn 'rl Ill ) n r, 1n d u I n h n ( fl pl nn d l n ,,n in u J unic n r r, , nd h, nd ·d , r T • pr n r le n m nc g •m 'n h • r I in I n > h1ng r mr h,m , n >Id- d h1on d r • •dup ' , di nc u u ' l 1r \ 0 1 84 MA A Mf 1 1 l H UGHT A PR Tl thro ing th irba k nn t u m of ur m mb r ut of work b p rmitting oth r four m mb r to br ak trying to rea h arbitr ry work t nd rd . Th propo d motion-and-tim tudy d b u it uld r du all our m mb r t nothing mor than ma- hin h f uni m h nd that th limin t d will r um w rk." r d pl bout th th w rk t pp g t It th t m n g rn nt m ·n th right t m k n t k ? 8 1 h uld r Br 2 h 3 1 2 In l n • m rn ing Pro r II r m rr th t t1m h f u h t th m t1 n- nd-t1m tud 1 uld, in f t, turn th nd man g m nt t th ' ud n t Fr n h d r u t d th r r )m him I JU n t I n n r - II u \ - ,on ~, c n h • 1 7 er U , 1 ll lOl' ,Ill I PfR<,Pr TIV[ 6 FOR F RTHER . T DY dditi n I ur n l und in th ,t d in th h pt r. Book l,wd • . Ir · Th 11,..,tor} of , nag<>nwnt Thought , Pr nt, -H II, In ngl - I , 1 ( 8 T lw, I ook tr,H • rn,rn,1g •m nt th '>r tr m pr •h1'-lont tIm to th r r s •n I lam ><>d r 1 ·mil 1 •d .)· ( /c1, i<, in ,mag •nwnt m •ric <111 1cm 1 1 (•m •nt "> i< t1on , ' • \ ) or"-. 1 l l his 1s cl s •I c t1 rn ol \\orks th,tt hc1v int lu •rH 'i th • d '\: nt o mc1n,1g •m •nt thou 1 ht f'\\ 1 k TI, ' ,o/d1•n Hot k of , 1,lfl.l •1•mt>nt, 'cHll • ltd , l ndon , 1 t ~ . < oll 1 >n > 1 •r or1c1I hi on • md ontril J u n ot th • pion , r 111 m,lnclg rn •n rti i d,' Journ.1/ of th A ,lcl m\ ot 1,Jn,lg - •r t nd >r n ll , pprdl p •r i nr ' ,11111."l I ln nr or).! • I lur 1,111 - 1 ,on , < ,1 1 t '\11, o r •n o, nhu um < hum.111 r I, 1 n rv. Jour n l cl \ t cl I lJ I I, Ir fl 11, I< urn,,/ , > th , 1 1 nrn, I Ii o u a R ( rl ,- I , LJ IL l~ 111 I I l I I f l 1l l ll I ' IR 12 INTRODUCTION APPENDIX D GUIDE TO DOCUMENT PLANNING AT THE NAVAL MISSILE CENTER he material in th1 · b > 1-..1 ·t 1 :.i p >rti n of :.i 111:.inu ·npt hi..:111 1 prep· r d f >1 ·1 futur Ldit- in 1 .111d Pu Ii hlll uidc. fr p'r n \\, hl ha C p11t in J I PJllll 1 oll1·ial \\,llltt..:11 ~llllll1lllll'Jlitll at th ' a al 1 lie cnte1. h1 1 .i pn:hminJr manu ·111 t, .rnd · mmi..:nt 1 u 1 uc ti >11 will be \\d ·omcd the .1uthrn. f h I >Ii· or thl! .1'.>al 11 tic enter ·ommand . .i i..: pie • in 11 · 'I In t1uL11 ,n - _I J.1 . emph.i 11i..: the imp HtJn 1.: ol t lit 1Jl writll:11 LtHnmun1LJti >ll ,111 l un •, ~n1i..: that p >Ii · di1 ·t111!! th.ti thi..:} le " .. ill th l11111wt \ hid b t lull ill th p n >r ri..: 1um: - ment ... valid! ' · >n lu I i..: •• md ti1111.:I) . \\ 11tti..:11 >mmuni ·a t ion 1ri..: ~ ailed :.t "prin~il al m ·a11 l,, ll: or<lm 1 .ind ll:po1t11P th 1c ult ol thL' w >rl-.. p rlnrmc I l y th \;11t1.:1." 1 hi p >Ii ~ v i ( r I ll 11 tandi11' and i d ill the p ,r •uiddin l I the l'lltt..:I Ill u · 111 Ll t e 1 111 " ,\ II le · h n i a I p 1 11 1 am J \ y 1 ' 1 > u r · · P • 1 · > 1 • and 1 0:.1 I mu t J I l dt t hdt pt im:Jt y pt ndLh..'l ll: hrn ti int 1111a tl' ult . It i im1 'tali c th:.tl u h tL'p rtin r·1t • \ n 11m I) .... I hu tllHl ·ind t • I 11,;1 >tl ... hall t·1k· l >~er th a mplJ hmtnt p1nji..: t th:.it i imprntant l:llPll 'h l1 1i..:qui1 lu I hi1111i1J1'. th ·urin, 1 I t thL· dra\ in' 1 11il1 ant and 'Ital ·, n lu i1 11 rnd rt: · >mmui 1ti >ll al , · mmu- 11i "1t ·d l} u I Ill ·r hi l I 1 11 J h t ·11 d Ill > t 'I It..: ' ti tim the 1 1 1 k i plann ti. l let i intcntl ·d t > I ttl11l thi um nt plan an aid t I I· , nin, 1 l phn the ,. I pat t pl 111. ·hi\ ' it cri • , 1m mi a- e nter In lrul · t1011 _ 1 _ . 11 ,t __ I>· ·ml ·r I l -· .'ul 1 : 11mm 111d pnli } nn lhl' I r~ , ,H,1 1 n , rill ·n u mmuni ali rn ·nt ·r. l . \'010/ Hi 1/ • I • 111 •r <,uiJc/i11c• P ,1111 tu •u. A C 2 \\ II ' - I l • THE 'REPORT PLAN' In his recent study of official written communications at the Naval Missile Center, Profes sor R. R. Rathbone of MIT points out that technical communications " ... must be planned in advance, along with the engineering, if they are to meet the criteria for proper standards of qual ity and acceptability."* Rathbone calls for what he labels a "Report Plan" within a few days after the start of a program or project. Written by the engineer-author and directed to the program manager , this Report Plan first summarizes (I) the problem to be attacked, (2) the objectives, and (3) the plan of attack, and then estimates the results expected. This planning is all done before the engineer ing work begins, and writing it erves to crystallize the engineer's thinking about the problem and to relate the rep rting with the re t of the work to be done . The Report Plan also ensures that all members of the c mmunicati ns team for that pr gram can move ahead in a coordinated eff rt. The R p rt Pl n is t the inc pti n dire t outgrowth~ of pl nning conferen ondu ted by the pr gram f pr gr m r n w pr ject within n e i ting program. Thi pl nning db i n d n in r- uthor h will ndu t the w rk nd · th mmu nd b ibl th t r vi it mmum . r m m n r in h th wh t th client w nt d n and ritt n communi ti n · hould m r pr j t, nd 4 wh n mmuni ti n h uld b in the PROGRAM A AG A CALLS START 0 E PROGRA PLA I G CO FERE CE TOPICS EES ER/AUTHO H ICAL A AGERS ERS A EDI OR TH CLIE T ATURE OF ASSI G E T LIST O CO U ICATIO S DUE OATES Th Rathbone Appro ch. ITES REPORT PLA PROBLE (SCOPE) OBJECTIVES PLA OF ATTAC E PECTEO AESUL TS PURPOSE OF EACH OOCU ET tandar and Ch c L, t for Technical ommunication at the oval Mis ii P-7 • 5 . Point ugu, 9 042, Ml July 1972. p. 11 . 131 PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT Just a the work is performed to fulfill a pecific purpose , so each document is prepared t fulfill a specific purpose ; and the purpose of each document is an extension of the overall pur po e of the work. The purpose of each document hould be clearly stated in the Rep rt Plan . Whether that tatement of the document's purpo e should also be included later in the d cu ment it elf will depend on the nature of the document and the appropriatenes of the tatement. Principal ingredients of the plan for e ch document li ted in the Rep rt Plan ar hedule , co t estimate , and arrangement f r re ource such a equipment nd upplie , e pert p r n nel, and ne e sary upp rt. Jntegr ting the e ingredient int a w rkable plan involve (1 g in- ing an verview f thi w rk it rel te to oth r w rk e timating the requir m nt f r l d tim nd pri ritie , nd rr nging me n monit rin the pr gre nd r ing th remaining pl n durin th p ri d f w rk. h wh l pro prep ring nd publi hing d um nt n b br v r l prin · rt : Pr parin th m nu ript t hni l nd dmini tr ti pr p r- . th r u r printin , printin bindin~ nd S i tributin th mpl t d 1 . ti n nti l t th pr nd mu in lud d m th d um nt pl n if it · b pr I. d initi JI m th t il b p rt rt h lp. Scheduling of Work t th v ry b minimum n rip · n uld m lud : 1m t th t l t1 n tha n r h n uld r th nu rip 1 • Ii th ill n p r r h d llm n h n Sequen of Steps in Pro ss bJ t1 l.J t prerequi it d m nt r u h bJ n t r h th nh rent t tep re m e rated into nd inter t1 n the Relating the Document to the War h pr m le l.J t nou ll m . hi plannin time t rite each p rtion th pl nner m nu np. n n n in Ii t hi h 11 p . u n t in hi h th pl nn r mu t t e in m re and m r t id nu the .. b · il d 1 PREPARING MANUSCRIPT ENGINEERING OR SCIENTIFIC TASKS WRITING OF MANUSCRIPT TOPICS a --- -- --- -:::iio A ....._.....__ _..-- - - '.::)-. - -- -- -- B b - ..... -- ... ' ' c_ -- ..... _ --c - -- - ' __ , d---- -- D - -- ....... ---- -E .. - - -- f-- -- F Author pit ,nformat,on ram to appropreetd PROGRAM MANAGER DIVISION BRANCH TECHNICAL SUPERVISOR TECHNICA L EDITOR BOO DESIG ER ILLUSTRATIO P EPA RI G REP OOUCI BLES DIST IBUTI G TO DO SS ES CO POSI 10 D A EUP PPSBO LIB A D AILI G Pr par,n nd Publish,n • Docum nt. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW EDITORI A L HELP PUBLIS I G S IC S r m t n mu h o th mat ri I u lly in r p rt th lntr du ti 11 d n ritten hen th t m t di d du th w r . ample o lntr ductwn m ten I re o o the f the wor the bac round nee ry t under t nd ho ttu r r I te t pr eff rt and t other w r g ing on here or el where. u h thi materi I n b directly from the initial Report Pl n. I Similarly, there is no better time to write a description of test equipment than when it has been et up for use, arranged properly, and checked out. At that time, model numbers and proper names can be copied precisely from equipment labels, diagrams of the setup can be drawn from direct observation, and photographs can be taken that may later be published. Preparing such parts of a manuscript at that "best>, time is far easier than later, when rec rds have to be searched out and notes that have "grown cold,, must be studied to find some preci e detail. Thi kind of planning at the very beginning i much easier if the author prepares a skeletal utline of his intended document. It is not necessary to know what his results will be for him t plan t ummarize tho e re ult . either is it nece ry for him to h ve completed a theoret- i al m d I, r him t pl n t de ribe that m del. When he first decide that he mu t prepare th reti I m del i th b t time to plan a place in hi document for that model t be detailed r ummari d. tttng Mit ton s up h n r1 nt rim h mile t rn I t that mi e h du r hind hedul THE "BEST TIME" TO WAITE IS OW- WHILE IT IS All THERE F,ndin th "B st T,m . " th b Im h duhn . in rip int b mil t ne ir ble d te o mplJ hm n nd h h ther he pr re I n hedule n h t h IIl tu I d he d I pl n r pr p rrn the m nu npt have b n r d mt th pl n or the hole t d rib d b v hen rri l t mile ton on time i al o an uran e of timely rep rtin the h n it I mpleted. The uthor ho it until he ha ompl ted his re ear h he 134 MONTH 1 MONTH 2 0 6 12 18 24 30 6 12 18 24 MILE· 0 0 0 0 5 PROGRAM STONES - - ---------- - - - - •• j • ' . TASK TASK TASK - - ' TASK TASK - - TASK Pl nned Milestones Help in Monitoring of the Schedule. r p b ntl I th writin Le d-Tim E stim tes h n plann r h· mpl t d · nn t· t d 1th th n p r · h d t • 1 I u n ·ti n n r u h ur n ; in n b ur d that hi thi pr dur . n th u h m ritin n mpl t d that ith th n in rm . h t h d t ii un ·t1 n I th uld bl t t th mil t n t · t t f I· nn · n htt;h · II tim ill b rd r t1m r h ltm m f r • it i h r - d l l O ' Ill' r th pl , n t m 1m rl1 It nth pl· nn r th nt · nd l u u h h Ip. Co E imatin ntrplt · urr nt nd ud t r h pr p r ti n r p rt u nt r In tru lJ n 521 . 1D 2 rttl n mmuni ti n . tu th tim r hi ·h d. Th pl p nd t h 'n r rt h n n h1 11lin n t mph 1 c th r p n 1b1l1t pr · h t pl n t ul ill p n r' r u1r m n m r l 7 u mm nd p h n th pr l 5 How much money is needed to prepare each document anticipated in the Report Plan? What part of the total program or project budget must the program manager reserve for the official written communications? Historically, more attention has been given to cost-accounting statistics for technical editing, preparation of reproducibles, printing and binding, and distribution of finished documents, than has been given to the co ts of writing and reviewing uch documents. ln general, the engineering cost ha included the writing effort and various admini trative or executive overhead cost have included the reviewing efforts. The principal c sts found in preparing a d ument and publi hing it are for l b r. ti- mates of these labor c t can b calculated from the time e ti mates f r the vari us functions multiplied by the appro imate burdened pay rates f r the kind f w rk involved. stim ting hi wn labor i rel tively e y r th planner but stimating the w rk t b ne by v ri u ther e p rt itate n ult ti n with th vari u ffice inv lved. t e r tin th publi ti n pr mpl t ly nd r Ii ti lly p th b ginning th gr m r · i ·mp rt nt t u i · g d um nt. th publi hin t I nd f n t ull ti d t ginnin th d trim nt h nt pu Ii hin nt t b 11-p r ' fi ur , th y n b r v1 d l t r wh n m r p r pl nnin lin ju t mu h p ti t with ut d ti pubh ti n u h· t th pr du d. $ TOTAL - • • • PROGRA n r ult tn · di i ult in tim -r quir m nt I m nu ript. In 1th r mm nd h ll d lt 'prim r - - - • ♦ E GI EERI G SERVICES t th m pr du t' 1 n EQUIP E T D SUPPLIES nd r r th uat OP RATIO S A D E PE DABLES T OVERHE D PUBLISH! G SERVICES Bud ting Should Cov r All Costs. th n- I Editorial Assistance Assistance in the planning and preparation of a manuscript is available to an author in the Editorial Branch of the Naval Missile Center. The value of this assistance is enhanced when it is sought at the earliest stages of planning and preparation. Early editorial consultation should be included in the plan, because it can result in both time and cost savings and in quality improve ment. Technical Editing The technical editor is the key person in early consultation. Because of the value of a skeletal outline of the document t the planning itself, the outline may be the initial t pie f r consultation. The expertise of the editor, applied at this early stage of planning can be expected to (I) speed up the proce of planning, 2 help the auth r avoid xpensive and time-c nsuming reorganization of his material at later tages f the work, and 3) pr vide m re reali tic dvan e timate f future w rk time r quirement , and pr b ble c t . n additi nal dv ntag e rl edit rial n ultati n i th t p rt guidan gi n th uth r in identifying hi d f r graphic pr nt ti n, t p f illu trati n , typ tabu- 1 ti n nd th r mean m · ti n. r in t n r m 1 n publi hin n d will nabl th engin r- u th r f r n ded ph t raph t b tak n t h m t pr piti u pp rtuniti a a part p r rmin th w r I an arti t wil] v ntu 11 b d t pr p r h 1 r dr r th d cu- m nt it will p y r him t h dul d t nd t quipm nt r l t · t th tim it i t up nd in u duri rly ult in b tt r illu tr • ti n r l t, b ·min rch · 1 n r In u tt r pl d um nt t h · ·n d t rm · · h d d m nt th I umm th rin n bl in t t kin h n th t-up n th mitt in u h pl nnin n It - m it m m h 111 e h Ip m rmmin th ppr h t t bul th t h r ......... ~ ... - m th · nd te tu l n dh elimin · · u n d th in planni arl plannin ti n I b n 1t u da . ddin thi fun tim and t b d t h c min r ri i . nd d t h ndlin n th t uld pl n thi re th wor h umm ri ti n th r t vi ualize ddi- t ti ti al m nipul ti n h l th planner t ll pr p r r th t u h dditi n b c me 1 7 In general, the more the engineer-author keeps in mind that his ultimate product is the publi hed c mmunication of his technical information, the more cost-effective will be his entire planning. Team Approach The pr fe ional expertise of the technical editor and the book designer are m st useful in d cument planning if they and the author can begin consultation at the earliest p ssible stage. A purp are cry tallized and technique and approache are determined, the contribution of all three are needed. A t am approa h including all three from the very beginning is the mo t effe tive, b th fr m the viewp int f c n rving time and money and the viewpoint f gaining the highe t p ible quality f c mmunic ti n: The auth r has omething to ay. The edit r n help him y it m re l arly and e fe tively, e pe ially in textual way. The b k de i ner l n help him l arly nd e tively, e pe i lly in graphi w y. TASS 0 0 ----..J 0 I PROC NGI EER/ SCIE TIST/ AUTHOR BOO TECHNICAL EDITOR D SIG ER TAS GOAL (OAT ) (DATA) (DATA DATA A AL SIS PROCESS! G ---~ OF R SULTS EA 7 EDITOR HOW BEST CA IT BE E PRESSED D SIG ER · HOW BEST CA IT BE PAESE TEO? Th Commun,c tions Ti m . 1 The designer can help in such areas of communication as leading the reader on from thought to thought, graphically tying the parts of the message together into a cohesive unity, and providing graphic emphasis to enhance textual emphasis of selected points in the message . The designer also, through early consultation, can assist in selecting points that can be _ communicated most effectively in some graphic manner, such as tabulations or illustrations. He also can sketch various ways to present material for selection as the author-editor-designer team proceeds with the detailed planning of the document. Selected sketches produced at this early stage can be used later to prepare more detailed tentative graphics for the author to include in the manuscript that will undergo editing, review ing, and publishing. The designer at a later stage ca n annotate the tentative drawings in the manuscript with detailed instructions for the final production of the reproducible illustrations by technical illustrators. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW urrent p li y of the av l Mi ile enter* empha ize the ffi ial n ture all written mmuni ation nd the need for proper review before ny offi ial publication i r lea ed. nder thi p Ii y, all fficial written mmuni ati n ( technical report manual br hure lett r m m randum peedletter aval me age - e cept directive avy manual in tend d for di - tributi n to th leet and financial rep rt - are r lea d und r the ame rule . pecifically the u inf rm I f rmat byp the appr priat levels f review i f rbidd n. In th import n e f timelin or ev ry 1cial written mmuni ti n R thb n h ndlin y tern prt r revi w with rig r u limit on th peri d revi w n h Id m nu cript. rm m n er i re p n ible r th per - I n pri rity m. h r t hntc I r vi nd or admini tr tiv av l il enter nd r diti n Le hni l publi . h· b n th ati n nd pu Ii r dure mu I nt r In tru ti n Technical Review Channels R p n ibi1it or th t hni l ur cy 1 b rn b th i n ti t or ngin r h di up rvi r . In c ntr t, th r p n ibilit ith the typ ubr . Th r n ibility l r di ferent typ publi · · n . d t re ·n rmul ted t appli- n int unt e the currently e tiv .1 and 1 . I . lidity nd c n lu iven te hni I r p r · c nduct th te hni I wor and b hi imm - or th te hni l ccur cy validi y and ppli- nt r In truction 5213.ID o 22 D mb r 1972 u J: mmand p li y on th preparati n ritten communi tion . nt r. tandard and ~, c lists for Technical Communications at the ava/ Missile ent ,, P-72- . Point u u, 93 2, I Jul 1972. p. 16. 139 cability of technical manuals is borne in various degrees by a wider group of persons who represent all the vari us areas involved with the subject item, from its inception through its devel pment, useful life, and subsequent replacement. When a technical document is concerned with one of several tasks in a program, cross review by the program manager correlates the findings from this task with results of other tasks related t the same program. Although several levels of review are necessary before a document is published and the techni al content is crutinized at each level, the basic nature of the review changes as the manu cript pr ceeds through the chain of review. To avoid duplication of effort, and thus peed up the reviewing pr ce s for technical reports, each reviewer has certain pecific details to check as hi primary c ncern. The Branch Head r te hni al supervisor of th engineer-auth r primarily i re p n ible f r he king the techni al detail reported. He i con med with curacy and completene s, as well a laril , n i ene , nd re d bility. he Di · · n H ad ncentrat n th logi with whi h th n lu i n nd r mm nd - ti n r d riv d. H v lu t th imp rt th mmuni n r I tive t th n ed th int nd d r d r . Divi i n He d ure him th t th mm · ti i in t c n id i tin h ndli nd m h h d Ii run n with th p nd bj tiv hi d tm nt av l I enter. d cid wh ther the i ti · to b prep red r printing within hi divi i n r it ri I Br r edi · nd p hing . I t .. n . nt u t I ill d m n tin r m multitu Ii t g rn pr p rin · di tributin nd n my · ppli b1lity ne d urit d u h. an in h· t th th pr m purp 11 t t th nt 1 r t th It n • red · nd n t II d1 rt1 1p nt I d m th m th r pr J t t m mt n 1 t n mt rmm nd m mph I • nt r t I r d r pu h hin dt n te hnt I r p rt r h t hnt I nt nt mm n n r publi l r p n i 1h hni I m· nu l m n m nt ha1rm n h th V r th m nu I. Administrative Revi w Channels n dmini trative publi ti n th u and th P iv I v I dmini tration in th h in m te hni I publi ti n mm nd b th r the db nter ng . I 0 Approval for publishing of administrative publications must be granted by the Executive Officer for the Naval Missile Center and by the Vice Commander for the Pacific Missile Range, a directed in Secretary of the avy Instruction 5600. 16.t Time-Period Estimates Planners frequently have considerable difficulty in estimating the amount of time that will be c nsumed by various official in the chain of command during the review of a particular manu cript. The review period can b unexpectedly extended at different levels becau e of conflict of the review with ther important matters facing the r viewer. The review period al an be significantly extended b cau e f change that bee me nece ary in the manu ript. A reali ti n e tim t p ible und r uch dver cir um tance h uld be includ d in h pl n, h w v r, and any p ibl 11 wan e f r tim lippag during r view u ually i ju ti ied. Pr pl nning th revi w pri rity r val Mi ii nter offi ial written mmuni- ti n h uld b in lud d in th d ument pl p ibl . w in whi h th uth r n ·t t minimiz th r vi w tim th 11 in I. th n b m in th m nu ript n , urat Ii l lnd1 t th int th r v1 w r n d r th nd du d t ith th m nu ript that Copyright nd Courtesy ul uth t tim nd ur n h n h r vi th m nu ript. 11 h h h d pr · d mtnlm th r ti n 11 ri ht bt in ppr 1 th n ur · mph nc 1th In tru ti n 5 . l m r 1 n h • u J: ubJ : t.1 r r . r p rt ht d M ten I. l l The copyright statute (Title 17, United States Code) lists the exclusive rights of a copy right owner to print, reprint, publish, copy, and vend the copyrighted work, and to translate, dramatize, arrange, or adapt it. The fact that he has this exclusive right means that no one el e may do that without his permission. Alth ugh the copyright statute does not expressly permit any use as indicated above with out the owner's permission, the courts have recognized certain limited uses of copyrighted mate rial as "fair use." In broadest terms, this Doctrine of Fair Use means that without gaining permission, a per on can make very limited use of the copyrighted material in some circum stances which the courts have c nsidered rea onable and not harmful to the owner of the copyrighted material. Examples of "fair u " have included hort e tra t or quotation f r the purp e of illu tration r mment. in th lin b tw n f ir u and in ring ment i un I ar and n t a ii d fin d, th Pa ifi Mi ile R n pr edur d ign d to pr v nt unint nti n I infrin ment wh n 1r u int nd d. mt mt ar h uld b inin p rmi · b t in in g u h p r · p ri ht d rial . urt ·t lin rnm n l p r ppli d t . d in ll pyri ht wn ic tin th t a in tru t1 n ·i th pyright d m t ri l . n n. Printin r ul ti n r n m rial t in bli ti n rn n n ul n · ti · n limit u 'h r pr t · re II u ·h u . u d in h c n id rabl rl er ditin th 1th r p · ph r , nd J · ut rtt t PREPARATIO OF A PRODUCIBL S Pl nnm r th pr du I n p nd h n h mp) 1 th m . I. h th d um n , th m r r uir d l d it. rtm nt th ighted mate mmi t Pnn n i on D. P , 7 u d in prin in th 1t d n th I t h n 1m d 2 ch l 71 u J: 1d imtlar l Print, Bindin n r n n- n n t nt Jr I l n 14 This part of the planning must depend heavily on the skeletal outline of the document and on the early consultations between the team members (author, editor, and designer) as to general approach and content of the document. Both the editor and the d igner can c ntribute to f recasts of the effort neces ary to fulfill the purposes as visualized at the tart of the task. As the pr gram proceeds, the e early e timates can be refined rather rapidly as the basic deci i ns are made that determin ontent nd comple ity of the do ument. Scheduling of Work I the rly ch duling f writing i pr p rly int gr ted with th techni cal-e f rt h dule, it b me ppar nt that th ket hing nd ph t r phy th t i b i t th d um nt illu - trati n n b h dul d t mpar bl tim . r in t n , whil the ngin r- uth i writ- in a d ripti n uipm nt ntinual n ult ti bl th d ign r t id nti y th n d nd t pl n b th l y ut di r m nd ph t r ph th h d ign r, urth r, h r nd rr th pi tur th t rr n h n rl d nt nnin hi d th r t r hip r u n · ntmu tiv dr r th m nu ript · r mu h phi an b d n · n b udi d I htl th u 11 u h pl nnm mmuni · 1 n d t · m nt t tn t rm h d d r • m I n ·tual r n r th t· rt n I nd h d um 10 I p u Ii hm I mpl l tht p 1 11 I Co Esti tin h th t· . rl i rr t th· n th in · n ·i· I pl· nntn r pr p 1mult n 1pl t t . in tn h pl· nn rm th pr m nt · m h -up md v· ii· I ith th r- th r p rt nn r und r un it th h m lu n I i· I pl n · 11 th pl· nn r a m m n mt 14 nversely, if all parts of the cost estimating are injected into the budget at the beginning the g neral pr p rti n are established and any neces ary adjustments will be far ea ier to ace m pli h than injecting new c sts at a later date . The planner ha an ther advantage fr m early cost estimating, in that , under the aval Indu trial Funding conception a program manager i enabled t c mmit fund t w rk centers at a very early tage s that expert help is mad available for the planning and for c p rative a i tance a the ta k progresses. The prin ip l c t C r the do ument re lab r c t , whi h an be cal ulated by multiply- ing m nh ur e tim te f r v ri u fun ti n by ppr imate burd ned pay ra te f r th fun - ti n . ar mu t alway b t ken t u burd ned p y r tes th t II unt ble co t are bud t d t the ut t. PRINTING AND BINDING II th Prin tin prin tm pnnt h p. mm nd Br n h u u r d p nd nt n th · · nd bmdin PPB a n qu ntl ·t t d t ti d · · n nd d Scheduling of Work hi ·h th " h h nl prin ·ip l id print h pin ·Jud I. 7. r utr d n rt d th n t tal num h pnnt th u u nt1· I • nd 1 h dulin m th n d I d t r r pl· nni11 th intrt ·at th print 1t ·h <lulin t m h n ·h ltm r u1r d t r pnntin · nd tndm r th tim n d in th t nd in in th um n . d urn, h d the print h p. th uth ti n. n rin h r t t I pnnt h p nth d um nt rt rm d in r f p· t print d 1 th prin 1p· I cl r in tim in h im h p t print nd in a par 1 ·ul· r d um n t. 1m t p t 1m r u tr m n t 1 h n m pi t hi h 1 r m th bind 1 • mpl 1t pr 1 r uir d c n p th m h print h r t h in u l num th n with significantly more camera exposures will take longer to process in the print shop. The u e f ph t graphs to be half toned u ually is the primary ource of additional camera exposures. It is relatively u ele to ask for high-quality printing if the reproducibles furni hed to the print hop f r the job are of low quality. It is also unrealistic to expect the print h p to h n r reque t f r urgent peed if the printer's work is made more difficult by f urni hing low-quality repr ducibles. In gen r I, the m st difficult place in the entire hedule to ttempt t horten the t t I d cum nt-prepar tion p ri d is the part of the chedule devoted to printing and binding. H w ev r, b cau it i near th end f a 1 ng string of event , the printing-binding peri d ften i the part f the hedul in whi h p pl try t mak up tim lost earlier in the pr gram. In thi r p t, the m t u e ful plan i th t in which dequ te time f r printing and bindin i heduled , ven t th t f h rtening m oth r earli r ph e f the w rk. Cost Estimating r th pl nn r nd hi pr t th y n i n r t tim t printm nd bindin l 111 d p ri di II with ut br DISTRIBUTION pl rm m n r th m t d Li ht ul p rt pr r th printing nd bindin . nd r th i red t b n v rh d p n r n r I t n t pr m . d r 1 tribut i n t u prep th 101 h d d um nt th t r pr - h r prin pnnt h p u n n ill d 1mm d1 um nt nd th r r r m r tnbuti n 1 th m- pl i h ut d 1 nd n nn 1 tt r r uti n print d u- m nt n d b th r utm h d . nth n u r l h pr pnn I d n m ril u d b h I t r 1th th th r mn m h r p n t um r d1 ti un h pr ram th d1 tnbut1 n nd r h ndl d rdm p th d r d1 tn u 1 n id r d t h r r r n r- 1 5 djudicati n dvi and n ultation pplication Handb uth rit tiv d ct i n Ba i • d um nt Ba 1 , I landbook ntcrtf mi i n k ............. . 1111 HI i ' ti 11 . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 11 lllllll k· l i 111 I I t I r 'ram 1 n tr· ti 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 tr t II l Ill u h rit ti 1ni t niti n t r p I m r t I ll II L t1 m·1 tin 1 • I : alu·ti n In p n<l nt 1 D 0 7 7 ( I 7 7 7 7 7. 71 Functi n 1 department , Resp< n ibili tic f ............. . 0 Fund managcm n t I landbo ·, Pr gram ma nag r Definition ba i , purpo e, and c p tt n, u , and to ................. . I, - Indq end nt aluation ............. 7 1 nt ... I 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h l in ' Int du1.: i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J in Ill 71 l _J1~1 n ...................... . plan f .............. . ... 1anagem nt, R cord cepin f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Fund Manag m nt r l L1 1 on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 d i and on ultati n 1atri 1anag m nt .............. . . d' ud1 'a ti n . ............... . .. . ·tt ri man·t, mcnt ..... .. .. . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( nitt rin ' · <l tail mi il>ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 01 Ii •atin' ti r aniz·lli 1 1 ·ha r r. II pl nnm , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 I ll ·II I I I • I I it II phnnin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Ill Ill l <l um ntati< 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 0 Progr m rdi ati n Pr gram manager ' Re pon ibilitie 1inimum ba i d cumcntation B comin in formed umpti n f uti 2 , 70 7 79 , 0 0 Purp > c, I landb k ....... . ...... . R , rd R p rt J Ian a<l l111 pi1 7 7 ire t . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . 7. I, 1pl llll:ntatic n I . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 p, n i iliti I l Ill . II l b l k Ill II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( - 147

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Asset Metadata

Creator Hubiak, Basil (author)

Core Title Meeting management's needs for adequate communication

School Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism

Degree Master of Arts

Degree Program Journalism

Degree Conferral Date 1974-08

Publication Date 07/25/1974

Defense Date 07/25/1974

Publisher University of Southern California (original), University of Southern California. Libraries (digital)

Tag Communication in management,Communication of technical information,information theory,OAI-PMH Harvest

Format theses (aat)

Language English

Contributor Digitized in 2022 (provenance)

Advisor Smith, Kenneth Owler (committee chair)

Permanent Link (DOI) https://doi.org/10.25549/usctheses-oUC112723832

Unique identifier UC112723832

Identifier J '75 H878 (call number),etd-HubiakBasil-1974.pdf (filename)

Legacy Identifier etd-HubiakBasil-1974

Document Type Thesis

Format theses (aat)

Rights Hubiak, Basil

Internet Media Type application/pdf

Type texts

Source 20230201-usctheses-microfilm-box6b (batch), University of Southern California (contributing entity), University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses (collection)

Access Conditions The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given.

Repository Name University of Southern California Digital Library

Repository Location USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 2810, 3434 South Grand Avenue, 2nd Floor, Los Angeles, California 90089-2810, USA

Repository Email cisadmin@lib.usc.edu