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Design of hydroelectric power plant for the Promontorio Mine
(USC Thesis Other) 

Design of hydroelectric power plant for the Promontorio Mine

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Content I d o ; ectric o ¥er 1 .nt
for tl1
ro . ontor>io
•
ine
T
Pre
0
nt ec tote
e ,.rt 11 1t o
C
➔'lectrica.l
o t h e
y
l-} ~ . Clar
-
-
J ne , 1 1
• •
1
nt:sine -rin -
Cont ents
a e
iblio r aphy - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
, • • 2
r Ll 1nRry - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Pur ~ ose o t und (-;rtaki
Private Calctll .tion ..... :
For
- - - - - - - -- - - -- - - - -
For en tocl
____ _ __ _ _ ...... ______ ..__ ?
Descri ti n of Eq i ment :nd ene r .1 1.
1
p
P n 0 C
a · n nit
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - -- - - - ....
et - -
•
ions :
- - - 1 0
- - 11
S 'vi t Cl O 8. r d - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - l ~
Li g tn · ng rre ters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13
... - ... - - - ...
Cos t of equipment
- - -
- -- ~ - --
- -
1
..L . •
1ippin - we i ,ht of q·uip1ent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 5
)lu - prints:
'ho .
oad Char t, .
,it c o .rd .
pl . nd c r os - section o uildin - •
The , e.c mil 1 .n Co1 p a1 _y , 1
ranlcl j_ n e.nd t y ,
Y o
of
•
ri cal sion .
, 1 11 .
1.
1
irst volur1e . T e . . _ He ~ ill n o . an , e r or , 1 1 2 .
e , e. c m i 11 A n C o n p a ny , - \ re Yo r l[ , ,. 1 4 •
Porv~r. Jo lin .".il ey an d , on s , e w Yo r k , 1 08 .
.. e .d , Daniel · • ,
_ ~_ a_ .t_r __ o _·e r En
0
in
•
rJ.r g . The t investi -
1
ation , apd developmen t o ~c t er oo _,. Co . ,
.
1 e 1 York , 1c o g .
Pender, arol d_ ,
r efe r enc e b ook or pr .ctJci n dents of
engineeri n
0
• Jo
1 . 1
~J l e.
n d ions , I nc . , l ew or l{ , 1 1 4 .
2
Th ro n .orio :ine is sit t d .t t nortlern end of t e
' i erra ·an Franc · ·co de Coneto , int e 'p .rtido" (count ) of el
so ,
1
t c:.t, o · D u r ang o , exico . Te ne _re .. t s i ppin , ; oint i C i-
na.ca. t es, a stB.t · on on the
1
1 exi c'".11 Int ern .t ·.onal .ilroad . From
t 1 r t e i· e i · r e .c h ed b y . good 1( . on roe.d enterin t l1e Sierra
~e ~ r omontorio throug a dist Rnc e oft ent . - sev en miles . T eele­
vrt i n .t t em ut of th mains aft i 8 ,2 00 fe e t a ove s a lev-
cl .
1
a n t .. In s er e t ~ _e i 11 i ._ 1 o cc t e :, , i a o 1 t a mi 1 e south
e ain shaft . Int -~ vicinity oft e min e t he of t 1 e n 1 0 t of
nt .in ar e tre mel y r
1
ed , t e sur face bein ll.r r owed y dee
g r ge ~1hic ont in r nn~ng streams uri n t e r .i y se .son (Jul~ ,
ugust e t e ., e r .nd Octobe ) ut .r d r t rou Ollt t 1e r es t of
t e yee.r . 1 e c 11r ~ of tl1.ese tr .ms direc t s t l em to semi-nat-
ural r eser voir for ed y t _ r ee ounta.i n walls of qus rtz- po r p yritic
structu r e and a conc r ete
, .
c. .rn w ic closest 1e ravine on the South-
:es side . 1
1
e r erv ir · ~ c on l etel fi l l ed ev - r y e"r, it c ca -
•
CU lC eter s or 229 , 515 , 000 cubic f;et • Fe .r-
ly .11 t -~ i w .t r 1a
0
·o r merl.
concent .ti o , .rnR1[3 . n .tion , R
tilized i _ t ~ ol Ger a · lant s of
l i xi viati o ~ hic1 1 __ v e now been
di
le.
.r ded . e n e w mill use only H ou 1 , 00 (1 , 000 c
•
l
• •
l o· ln
e e e voir . ye --.rl y
or 1 4 , 3 0 , 00 C i c f e t . It
.
Ct .L!.0
fo e l i t cl .
· o e e 1 v __ t on i 9 7 O f ee t 1 e
0
de ired
•
r l
- , 50 , 00
C'll ic rneters
0 t ili z e 10. t r
.n ex t n ive f lHt
t c t _ t t l e foo o t 1
ad t e boun ar or ich is at .bout 1100 fe t lon _ t e slope
•
ro1 he r ✓ ervoir outlet . T , mill i located on tl1i · fl t t
. out 550 f eet from t e mout _ o · t e ravine r ic le qd up tote
da l e
t he
Th e ~i ~tin power 1 nt is situat at about 150 feet from
e.in or . e u gio .ft . It s
c:: • 6 0 I, • • 0_ e rnn
.vat ,_ - t
e
iler
oil
1uip. ent consi t c 0
\ .
. .
s de
•1 1
I I •
1e r & Co.
2 . Abenc ro ot we.t r-t .be oiler of 200
2 . oo '
1
improv ·· oile r ·
1
8 0 H . - .
I t een ine room t ere _ r e :
1 . 1 4 24 X 12 stin( .) ou' aut onatic compound nAi e dir-
l
ectl connecte to a ¢, 120 Y. : .. , 4 O volt, 6000 .lt r .ti on s ,
0 0
't
• e ' I •
· n r tor of t ., e . . le m k •
2 . ·t e m en .tr e i rr: i c:.r to t .!. c.bov J and connecte
)
elt
n e r . tors o 9C l~. ';', •
. Old 1 50 - 16 c . ) . l .mp li r :_·htin c; enerator r un b a sm 11
tea: en r.- i ne of .ncient esi ) n .
1 . 2 , 00 volt, 50 _ ,. _,
1
.• • • lt 0 r nating Cll.r_e t ene r to r driven
t~ hou ., ste .m nine
ire.ctl co · le
•
to it.
1
1
0 r n I n ' rsoll - c erge .nt i C m~ 8 ° or ,
p l .ner , a. l ,the ,
steam, and n
e t , il 1
•
3
1 e co t o ro c i 1 1 ,; po v e r · i t 1 t _ ,, _ o v e p 1 _ n t i . . 0 t
t l r cent s p r kilo att- l our at t e vi tc board . 1 i ra t l1er
1 i h cost is due to it
0
inef icienc . n r eat ric e o f fuel •
In or r to ol. tain o wer t i t h .s e n to t dvi -
a l e to utili z t he sur1lus of
electric )lant .
r ne 1 0 ~ · '
• • I, • '
.t er bove referre to in a hydro-
550 volt, di r ect current g ene r ~to r
.nd t ~ to 11 ~ tin . unit .r e old an s .dly overlo a ed , and could
v er y profitabl. b e ·p l .n e J t he ro po ed ydroelectric pl cnt .
•
. l -.,
1 .nt ould t hen e1n er .te wer for ti-1e pu
•
e U l ent ,
fort com l e t e li ting o t he i ne , -round ~nd buil din c ,
and to u pply · ore r t t he mil •
On t e 13th . l evel is _ f 1r sto.ue ortl1-
in ton centri · u -al c• t ~t i on pu mp cirectl co nected to a 50 I
. . '
volt, • C . o tor , a 1 s o _ t r o s ta ~ e v er t i c ( 1 c en tr i ~ e;a 1 i n1<.: -
1· r i t h
0
I . • , 5 0 volt , .c. m o t or . n
a di licat e of t e ?art 1ington st ti n pu
l evel i
.bove mention ,,d .
t e f ou.1-'lt 1 ev e l t , _e r e i s . 30 p . • , t o t . , e
1
, '. ort i 1e;t on c ,,n -
trifu al t .ti on pu - . T ese pumps o e r .te c ontinu sl y .
he in e i li g 1ted J a t
5 0 , 32 c . p . c .r J n lR np .. c_ b r conti ouslr • l1e 1 i - t -
• •
e11t o f tl e uil
•
incl,
--
li c;l tin 1..n q l p
]_
bS '
I
0 l
1
8 , con-
•
t o~t o, 1 6
-
f r 6 : l o ·
.
t.:.,
C •
•
C .r 011
'
rn n
• I. •
to l C: 3 • f • bo1 t 5 otl er
C •
•
li ts r ed for
exterior li t i
•
fr om 7 : 0
/j
t
1 • 7
'
in 0 .n
, V
r a e
•
• •
... .
n
•
4
..
I
• •
5
pl 2 t . e ·ui ent consist s o f :
1 • '7.
. . '
0 volt , .c . otor ich aper . tee t e mixi n pl .nt
c.n d runs 01tinuo :ts l y .
1 . 20
• • ' 5
volt , • C •
ot or ., =icl1
•
u r nis. l. es po r to a be.ttery
concentr .t i on t0 les . I t oper ates cont i nuously.
( S load cur v e .f t ' r
1
vri t t n e.tt er.)
RIV F C I O
•
m o~nt of water availabl e annually
5 , 500 , 000 cubic 1eter
0
- J , 500 , 000 X 5 . 1
- 194 , 3 ) , 0 0 0 cubic f ee t
/ei
0
t of that mount of ater - - - 194 , 300 , 000 x 62 . 4
~nercy in foot - pounds 11th
.. 12 ,1
7
0 , 000 , 00 0 po n
f .11 of 760 feet ( e · 'f ~ctiv )-
12 , _ 1. J O , 0 0 0 , 00 0 X 7 0
•
-
-
... u b ..., r o f i nut e s i n a ye ~-1 "' - - - -
, 2 JO, OO , O O , 00 0 ft . lbs .
·5 X 24 X 60
- 52 - , 600 1nin tes
~ 9 , 220 i OOO, 0 0
1
0 Q
o er i11 · oot - po 11 ° per in te - - " 525 0 0
•
- 1 7 , c:: bO , 0 ft • 1 s • / lTil n •
17 , 5~Q_ l QQQ
o \ er o ta i nB. b 1 e t l _ ore t · c ( 11. I. 000
5 2 hors - pa ver (continuous l y )
%
1 .
s n i · r; an ov e r -all e · ·ic ienc... to 8. t r - w ee s a.ft of 80 :
Po v r .va·la bl e .t at e r - w eel
. t - 5 o •
:. 42 5 1' 0 re e - . 0 e
· ng f r t _er an f 'ici e c y o _ conve r i on of o %
2
:
- iectric 1 ower a~ail .ble .t t
o ere.tj_on -
1 .
nde ,
2 .
O • c · · .
I
, . 8 , 681 .
e er~ r te r i n l for c n t nt
o. 0
~ 38'3 or se - er
286 ~ 11owatt
1
•
• 7
•
e.,n ro t l .. lo ~. c t t t t L .v r a. o er
I · m8.
out 270 I ot .l pa ver o t ain .bl e ont · nuo :i.. l · y i ~ , .
calculated , 2 6 K • • , leavinb es r pl o onlyl6K . v.; btte
met o d o f c .lcul at in - a v r - c o e rv . t iv e : t ~1 re
•
rvoir 1n.s
a surned to be 'illed once a e .r \ en , .tt er of f .ct , it i
o.J..·t en fille :) t i c a year ; t _ le d t .1 n a 7 O f et i ch
i t e minimum ef ·ective e d . \i e l a afely r..y , t h""r efo r e ,
t ha t t l er e ill no slort a e of
C 1 .rt •
.t er i th.e 1 .nt i '" loadeC: ..
a i ndic . ted in t J
C LCUL r I Q C O "'t
For dia m et e r o pipe :
Full loa r a t.:. i1~ f envr t r s - - - 3 x 12 0 - 60 Kilo .t ts .
0
48 0 1orse - o\er .
wni ng a 0% effi cienc ~ o ~ G 8 ,r .t orc At ful l loa , c acit y
tur b i ne
- - - - -
- - 48 X 1 .1 0 - 528
• •
fo r an overlo u of 25%, t n to ·k '3 t oe e "' i _ n ed
to c (. .rr e f ·1ci nt l y v t e r to od c e 8 X 1 . 5 660
• •
7
660 X 550 6 0 0 t . l s . / ec .
6 ) 0
'l e i 71 t of .ter p er econ
-
- - - -
- 7 60 478 und •
J. 78
ol e of ~ B.ter
.,,. er
eco
- - - - - 62 . 4
-
- 7 . 64 cubic e t .
Jenstoc - - - - - - - - :1 . 1 7
V
It II It
:: 1 1 r7 . 64
• -
/ 10
tt
=1 . 1 7 X 0 . 8 7 5
II
'
II
= 0 . 5 f t . 1 ft .
•· •
or pe .
r ,
•
4 .
For head lo~t in frict i on :
orrn
L
v er age head lo ·t - - - - - - - -
l.
_ (4 • 58) X 0
It tt 11
For t hicknes o f
6 .
12 . 5 feet .
1 end :
rost
t j_c
p r e su r e at tur
.
end of ock - i n e p ns
26
stat i c he d lo t
.
-- -
-
ea.
- 6 0
26 f
o.
27.4V
) ]
- -
(1 6d
2
-
6
- ~ [ 760 - 47
-
0 poun s e squ _ r o
inch .
-
.,
:· . t o R .m , er p r e
r e =
p ou1d
-er
ia r foot .
g •.\ / ~h
V I
{ ~ ·)
( 1 .
I
t~
P - -
a tl
8
aT a.T
w
' t .
o ·
one
C l. •
ft . of'
r,~ • t e
: 6 • 4
cceler
•
0 ·'
•
.-z2 . 2
g "L ion gr - l~ Y
1 - l engt o f
•
li - 1100
· i pe
•
n
- r . g. t C 0 s ect· on to p i p
•
X 1100
en toch:)
lbs •
t / sec .
fe t .
C 08S ection
uired to
-
l . e e
-
cloc, e 0' te
L·
1 0 seconr s .
1
-
tRti r_ead ? r
-.
t .
lJ
•
or l
f ?
ove u a
) -
p
•
X 7
(
)
0 1 q . 't . 2 OU ) 8
C
•
•
•
l . e in l.
•
T refor , tur ine - end section of pipe must e i ·n d fo r a
u
pres . ure o ,., "5 ,,.1 1 b • p r s
a r
•
inc •
h ie nes o · 1 st e~ ipe , sta - e r ed- riv t d , riv ets 1
i c ~ part , 1- ~ - inc lap, to s t _ nd J ired r e ure :
- 0 . 70 12 X 10 X 331
2 X 65000
•
h: vale ein ~ to small ecaus o · sna ing and lia ~ility to
e "' t rn .1 injuriec fr n fal lin
0
t r or ro e , Do bl
steel ipe ill e u for e 1 t s even hundr ed fe e t o t e
i p l ine . l1e fir t four l1un r ed ·e ., t vi ll e ood n ta e
•
ipe
of Cali 01r}n i red ood staves 1 .. ~ i nch s t 11 · ck and ix inc l es in
,1idt
1
, o · same dia ter , i · o taina bl e , a st e ., l i e , • and if not ,
e i : teen i n c h e in di _ met e r . T e t
1
11 0 arts o t e lin ill b e
joined by iron ell - s a p e iece into whic _ each is thor-
ou ·1ly c _ lk ed it l e _d .nd oak m.
9
n -:i C I 1I O
1
' UI
enstock .
The enstock i. descri e d in . pr vi
int p l ant layout dra
•
in .
•
e , n , arti .11
The crow - oot joint
s all be of c . t 'te 1 vith " J .1 Bco
0
fl .n g e ; t 1.e .in 1 e
will divid d or one foot ahe .do > t e joint b tw affl
plates 'J ic 11 i 11 irect t flo, to . rds t e br c:. ches • T ere
vill he8d .te close to t de. n1 1 i l all be
•
Rd
e . J..r•ni s
t 18 lli
1
- ChA.ln ers Com B y . ear
8fl C 1,,
1 1 e e ill
)
lo .ctin .te lve , t l
• •
ti1 ir ,d to V 1l num e r
\ 11 i c _ n s t not
fur ni s d y tl
le s
0
t · an t en °econds . r rhey will also e
lli - .l1er Com Ja y and de i ned by t em
10
to su·t t eir , eels . T e r est of t e p nstoc will e construct -
ed b t e q R l ~or t l . . . l:t a c ur i _ Com ~ - 0 o sto • T e1 e need
b e no se t t li n _· b8s irt , t ere ervoir . ctin _ s one , but a
0
trainer
.
should e proviaed bet ,een the da m outlet .nd e'd g .te valve .
1
ain Unit .
T 1ill e thr e .tr- ee l
1
directlr cou 1 d to direct
enerctor of 20 kilo · .t t c .p .cit A_ c • T11 ,, J11 e 1 r 1
de
•
constr•ucte
.,
t
1 - ·
0
- Cr
.1 . ers Co
P .n.
to l . e ,_
1 ·
tisf t
-- 0110
•
conditi s in 1 S :
'-·
h
•
ffe
.
8 9d
•
800 f et . 8 lV l S
r h ,
• •
t·
e d
•
7 6 0 ee t . m n11n l e
1 n
V Gr c:: u . ti { of
l _ t
u d
•
l
•
8 C
•
1,lC ee t er c .
e que.nti ty o
Te u.nti yo
11
at er _ fu.11 lo
•
l . 11 cu ic f et
r S C •
I R. t 1 ,., . t 2 i- c~ 0 V r 10 . i S 7 • 6 4 C • t . p r e C •
Ac co r din , to a l etter r e c e· ved f r o t e f .ctory the r com end
u in ( coin i c · n[ exac l y it 1 o r an ·c: at i on°) tr e in l e ov -r-
hun i m ul s e t ur bo - gen r a.to r ("1 it oil pr e ~ ; ur
•
overnin - r atus ,
of t :be comb i ned d fl ctinB nozzle .n n edl e - val v e t. pe , o e r e.tin ,
f rom t e el 1 a.ft .
tur · n iill )e f i tte d ~i th bra n e
buc ets , te e l nozzle , seven inc .1. c.te v .lve, iron r.1.0 11 in , and
,ill RVe e ic i encies _
2 co overload 82J
1
•
f 11 w : lf- o .d 77~ , fJl l o .d 83% ,
J. e ee c 1 c.1 1. e 900 r ••. f ul l loa , .n m t no J v a r
or e t1 a n 5 --·
r . 7~ load to 1 .25 load .
he en r .tor 1 direct current , 5 volts full load ,
12 0 }\ . , • ca .city , ) cod fo r 25% ov erJ_oad for a ..;riod of our
1i t a ri se of te pe ( t -c r of !10..1 over ~ ;c° C. T e are t o
be com ound - 101nd , ~ 1 th t h e standar~ ll i s - C a l 1er s
1
ove r - com-
., .
T
•
ef
• •
... ou l be l e t h r· n
2 c -/
.t f 11 oun 1 n _) . eir i ciency no
~ / 0
load ,
BB%
at
ha l · - loa., ,
90%
at
0 d
ov r_O'
I
. .
T
nit c,
fil l e t o-
.
ti gl1t - co led , e .r in r, ' ut on se J -
.r ate se
•
or Set.
T e e t 50 volt , 0 1 ilo .tt , . . , otor
.nc volt , 80 t o er f .c .,or , 60 cycle ,
s i n -le a e eners.tor o f t e r vol vi n -.) 1 _ t yp, . oth me. c · ne
ill e o n t ed on e s .me ba s e , · i t e. com n sh .f t on t 11
•
a.r n
•
h y i l l c onfor i t l1 tl e -rAtin . r o o e d i n tl:1e
St .r i zati on Rule of t e
• I•
•
"., 1 11 , .. r g .r s eat-
J speeds 11 · e 90 r. p •• Te ff i c i enc y of . ener-
.tor 1 e not e . the.n 9 1 % r t llll l oad , 86% at l .1 - load ,
ha of th motor . 1 be not le s
th _ 8 % a t f ull lo .d , 8 J6at ha l f - load .n. 87
1
0 •• t 2k er cent
ov erload .
_ e lt er nator 1i l l e excit d f r or t · ain g ene r .t ors .
, itc _ oard .
T e s , vi tc Oc .rd il 1 con i t O .L five p .nel o f l ~- inc
....,
" Bl ue
e-r m t " a. r b 1 e , .v it_
2
- inc, evel , mo 1nted on a fr .. Je com o ed
of
7
x ! · nc angl e s RR sho~n i1 b l ue rint . he ot l1e r d i -
nsi ons are
10 n - · , t e B n1 e •
,ach direct current
O
er ... tor anel will ,.· old a 3 50ampe r e
trl l e ole s i n r; l t 1 ro sritch , the f i eld r l1eost .t , a - 350
· 'esto t r , a 0- 800 \! e to 1 t n1eter , an . n t ic lo • -
T e direct c rrent d i ) r i buti · p .nel ;ill con i~ t o · t ree
ircu.i 1 r e ... er · i a to a ov , tree o e po e sin 'l t r o
.
✓ C e o "' e r r .tine . T
1
e r e will .lso e . 2 e. er e
12
13
field switc l wit 1 res ~ -- t .nc conn ection .
e motor and lt ern .tor
fi e l c. r heostats will be p l aced on t is 1 .nel .1 o .
The alternc t lng cur rent p nel will con ·st oft o
•
.lr r e. e,
car on type a1tomatic wi tc e , 2200 volt , 35 a
re ratin . A
2600 voltmeter , .n 0-60 .mm~ter, with t l e usu8.l t r . nsfo r me r •
8°8 electrost .tic round detector.
Lieht~ing Arnest e r s
I .C
ine will e p r vided wi t orn- g ap -.r ester . d re .ct -
ance coils . il ectro tic .r t er s eed ot r e
lo f volt .ge , t 1 extra. e pen e v ou l d not · e v .rr c. ted . T ·rouna
conn:1cti n i shown int e bl e p r int of t 1 po'l·er- ho e . If
possibl e a con ection 1ill be de to t "r_e en tock .
Buildin5 .
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Undergraduate Papers
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Undergraduate Papers 
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Asset Metadata
Creator Clark, Charles E. (author) 
Core Title Design of hydroelectric power plant for the Promontorio Mine 
School College of Liberal Arts 
Degree Program Electrical Engineering 
Degree Conferral Date 1915-06 
Publication Date 06/02/1915 
Defense Date 06/02/1915 
Publisher Los Angeles, California (original), University of Southern California (original), University of Southern California. Libraries (digital) 
Tag OAI-PMH Harvest 
Format theses (aat) 
Language English
Contributor Digitized from microfilm by the USC Digital Library in 2023 (provenance) 
Permanent Link (DOI) https://doi.org/10.25549/usctheses-oUC113174088
Unique identifier UC113174088 
Identifier El '15 2 (call number),etd-ClarkCharles-1915.pdf (filename) 
Legacy Identifier etd-ClarkCharles-1915 
Document Type Thesis 
Format theses (aat) 
Rights Clark, Charles E. 
Internet Media Type application/pdf 
Type texts
Source 20230616-usctheses-microfilm-box8 (batch), Undergraduate Papers (subcollection), University of Southern California (contributing entity), University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses (collection) 
Access Conditions The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law.  Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright.  It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright.  The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. 
Repository Name University of Southern California Digital Library
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Repository Email cisadmin@lib.usc.edu