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Keep the faith - systems design that stimulates self-actualization
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Keep the faith - systems design that stimulates self-actualization
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Content
KEEP THE FAITH
SYSTEMS DESIGN THAT STIMULATES SELF-ACTUALIZATION
by
Qinxu Xie
A Thesis Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC ROSKI SCHOOL OF ART AND DESIGN
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
MASTER OF FINE ARTS
(DESIGN)
May 2024
All Rights Reserved Qinxu Xie
Table of Contents
List of Figures................................................................................................................................iv
Abstract..........................................................................................................................................vi
Introduction....................................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1: What is Internal Mental Depletion?......................................................................... 6
1.1 Definition of Internal Mental Depletion.............................................................................. 6
1.2 Psychological Interpretation................................................................................................ 7
1.3 Modern Societal Factors...................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Prevalence Among Young People........................................................................................9
Chapter 2: The Self-Actualization..............................................................................................12
2.2 Psychological Perspective..................................................................................................13
2.2.1 Self-Actualization and Mental Well-being..................................................................... 14
2.2.2 Faith is A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy.................................................................................15
Chapter 3: Keep the Faith...........................................................................................................17
3.1 Origins of “Keep the Faith”............................................................................................... 17
3.1.1 Relation to Popular Culture and the Arts........................................................................18
3.2 A New Cultural Trend Among Chinese Youth.................................................................. 20
Chapter 4: Design of Systems to Stimulate Self-actualization.................................................24
4.1 Statue Design..................................................................................................................... 24
4.2 Design of the Shrine Installation........................................................................................29
ii
4.3 Tangka Art......................................................................................................................... 37
4.4 Psychedelic Art.................................................................................................................. 39
4.5 Visual Design.....................................................................................................................41
4.6 Blessing Word Design........................................................................................................42
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................... 46
References.....................................................................................................................................48
iii
List of Figures
Figure 1. Personal work 1- Meditation............................................................................................ 3
Figure 2. Personal work 2- Hummingbird feeder design.................................................................4
Figure 3. Personal work 3- Body agression in the visual world...................................................... 5
Figure 4. Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs....................................................................................... 13
Figure 5. Keep the Faith, the album by American rock band Bon Jovi.........................................19
Figure 6. KEEP THE FAITH, the album by the band The Georgia Satellites...............................20
Figure 7. Youth like incense-burning and worship Buddha...........................................................22
Figure 8. Incense-burning and worship Buddha at home.............................................................. 22
Figure 9. Incense-burning and worship Buddha at home 2........................................................... 22
Figure 10. Youth like incense-burning and worship Buddha 2......................................................23
Figure 11. Buddha Statue...............................................................................................................25
Figure 12. Statue design 1..............................................................................................................26
Figure 13. Statue design 2..............................................................................................................26
Figure 14. Original Statue 3D printing.......................................................................................... 27
Figure 15. Bauhaus poster by Herbert Bayer 1968........................................................................28
Figure 16. Buddha Statue shrine....................................................................................................30
Figure 17. Buddha Statue shrine2..................................................................................................30
Figure 18.Design Reference 1........................................................................................................30
Figure 19. Design Reference 2.......................................................................................................31
iv
Figure 20. Design Reference 3.......................................................................................................31
Figure 21. Shrine Sketch 1.............................................................................................................32
Figure 22. Shrine Sketch 2.............................................................................................................32
Figure 23. Shrine Sketch 3.............................................................................................................33
Figure 24. Shrine Sketch 4.............................................................................................................33
Figure 25. Shrine Cabinet.............................................................................................................. 34
Figure 26. Shrine Cabinet Sketch.................................................................................................. 35
Figure 27. Shrine Cabinet Sketch 2............................................................................................... 36
Figure 28. Shrine Cabinet Sketch 3............................................................................................... 36
Figure 29. Tangka 1....................................................................................................................... 38
Figure 30 Tangka 2........................................................................................................................ 38
Figure 31. Alex Gray - Heads Trippy............................................................................................ 40
Figure 32.1969 Clearasil New-Hope Soap Advertising by Peter Max.........................................40
Figure 33. Visual design 1............................................................................................................. 41
Figure 34. Visual design 2............................................................................................................. 42
Figure 35. Fulu, Taoist magic symbols..........................................................................................43
Figure 36. 顺风顺水(Smooth sailing) Blessing word design 1.....................................................44
Figure 37. 如意(As your wish) Blessing word design 2................................................................45
v
Abstract
The escalating issue of digital-era anxiety, particularly the phenomenon of "internal mental
depletion" among China's youth, amid the backdrop of rapid societal advancement is the primary focus of
this design thesis project. Alleviating this pervasive anxiety is crucial. Thus, advocating for the power of
belief and encouraging young individuals to embark on inward journeys of self-exploration offers a
positive coping mechanism. To this end, I have initiated a design project that marries traditional religious
culture with pop culture in a “modernized belief ritual”, this is presented in the form of an interactive
audiovisual installation with tangible elements and environment setting. I hope participants can engage in
a simple ritual with this device, involving writing down their wishes or plans, offering incense, practicing
mindfulness, and stamping. This action is intended to strengthen the power of believe, thereby fostering
more positive motivation and confidence, unlocking an individual's limitless potential and possibilities.
Keywords: Visual Design, Installation Design, Product Design, Internal mental depletion,
Self-actualization
vi
Introduction
Anxiety is an unavoidable topic today. The state of anxiety is common, particularly
among the younger population in China. A famous word exists amongst younger humans in
China regarded as "jing shen nei hao," which means "mental internal friction." It refers back to
the mental resources that humans want to use up for self-control. When those resourcres are
insufficient, people discover themselves in a state of inner friction, main to a sense of exhaustion.
This exhaustion isn't because of bodily fatigue however is a subjective mental experience in as a
consequence of the depletion of mental resources. The mental strength of people is limited.
When humans use up an excessive amount of strength on evaluating and judging themselves,
their cappotential to make investments strength in outside sports obviously decreases. As a
result, the everyday rhythm of lifestyles and paintings performance is affected, that can
exacerbate self-doubt and lure people in a poor emotional cycle of intellectual exhaustion. In
greater intense cases, this revel in results in tension and depressive emotions, ensuing in
deteriorating way of life behavior and in the long run affecting bodily health.
In this age of the information explosion, people enjoy abundant conveniences. However,
the negative impact of information is also evident. It affects certain individuals' perceptions of
what "should be" and creates an incorrect or false "reality." On social media, users see exquisite
appearances, luxurious lifestyles, and exciting activities. It seems like social media influencers
effortlessly make money by showcasing their faces, bodies, and engaging in quirky activities,
living a lavish life, driving luxury cars, and residing in mansions. In contrast, many people work
diligently, giving away all their time and energy to their jobs, only to be ridiculed as foolish and
rigid. A popular comment on Chinese TikTok is "On TikTok, there's a Ferrari for every person,"
suggesting that everyone is living a luxurious life, taking spontaneous trips, and driving luxury
1
cars to enjoy food truck delicacies. Such "should-be" values are subtly influencing individuals.
However, reality is harsh, and the huge gap between actual circumstances and "should-be"
beliefs contributes to or exacerbates anxiety for many people.
Indeed, mental exhaustion and anxiety negatively impact an individual's physical and
mental health. Nevertheless, some argue that the phenomenon of mental exhaustion also has its
positive aspects. The existence of individuals cannot be without some form of expenditure, and
the appearance of mental exhaustion signifies that individuals are actively seeking an outlet.
Throughout life, individuals encounter necessary questions and must make crucial choices. The
emergence of these questions is, in fact, an opportunity for progress. Dealing with mental
exhaustion positively, especially among China's youth, includes practices such as fortune-telling
and temple visits. In reality, these practices serve as a form of positive coping mechanisms for
anxiety and stress. Through religion and faith, individuals find solace in the present and hope for
the future. This positivity, particularly the power of belief, is the direction explored in this thesis:
the impact of belief on self-actualization, where belief serves as a prophecy for self-actualization.
"Keep the Faith" can be traced back to the early periods of Christianity, especially within
the context of the Christian Bible. In the Bible, scriptures emphasize the steadfast belief in God
and the importance of maintaining that belief. This phrase is widely used in religious rituals and
doctrines to encourage believers to remain devout and loyal.In the mid-20th century, "Keep the
Faith" spread widely in popular culture. Some renowned musicians and singers incorporated this
phrase into their lyrics, emphasizing the values of perseverance in faith, hope, and loyalty. It
became a way to express emotions and provide encouragement in music. People also commonly
use "keep the faith" as a farewell blessing, signifying the preservation of unwavering passion and
motivation towards ideals and goals.
2
Individuals pursue self-actualization, in order to pursue what they love and are passionate
about, rather than aiming for greatness or excellence. This is the true essence of
self-actualization. Abraham Maslow, a renowned psychologist, proposed the well-known
"Hierarchy of Needs" theory, which includes "self-actualization needs." Maslow believed that
self-actualization is the highest level of human needs, representing a person's process of realizing
their potential and becoming the best version of themselves. Self-actualization is not about
achieving something unattainable but rather about realizing one's possibilities. He defined
self-actualization as "the full realization of one's creative, intellectual, and social potential"1 and
described it as "the most creative, the happiest, and the most fulfilled mode of human existence."
Pursuing self-actualization is a crucial pathway to alleviate mental exhaustion and relieve
anxiety.
As a designer, I pay attention to human consciousness, emotions, and societal issues. I
achieve a certain level of care through design. This design philosophy and approach have
consistently guided me in my work. For instance, I once created a set of breathing
meditation(Fig. 4)
Figure 1. Personal work 1- Meditation
1 A. H. Maslow, Motivation and Personality (New York: Harper & Row, 1954).
3
techniques to address the issue of pain caused by prolonged sitting in modern office
environments. I also designed a hummingbird feeder(Fig. 2) aimed at reestablishing a connection
Figure 2. Personal work 2- Hummingbird feeder design
between people and the healing power of nature. Furthermore, in response to the issue of sexual
harassment in virtual reality worlds, I conceptualized an interactive game to raise societal
awareness.(Fig. 3)
4
Figure 3. Personal work 3- Body agression in the visual world
Similarly, today my design work focuses on the mental struggles faced by young
individuals. Like many, I experience Internal mental depletion, feeling lost about the future and
doubting myself to the point of inaction. My mother, a Buddhism believer, significantly
influenced me by involving me in temple visits and rituals from a young age, sparking a deep
interest in Chinese traditional and religious cultures. Although I'm not religious, the power of
temples and faith subtly impacts me, offering peace and direction at times. Also religious and
cultural activities are becoming increasingly popular among the younger population. In this
project, I attempt to visually interpret Buddhist culture to explore the theme of healing spiritual
burnout with belief.
5
Chapter 1: What is Internal Mental Depletion?
"精神内耗" (internal mental depletion) is frequently discussed among young people in
China in recent years and is a focal point of social attention. Young people are increasingly
voicing their desire to "躺平" (lie flat), indicating a reluctance to engage in stress-inducing
activities related to work, study, or life in general. Why are so many young people experiencing
symptoms of Internal mental depletion? Could the explosion of information on the internet, the
popularity of consumerism and refined egoism, and the solidification and distortion of
conventional values be the reasons? How can youth face and cope with internal mental
depletion?
1.1 Definition of Internal Mental Depletion
The concept of Internal mental depletion, or "mental internal burnout," originates from
the physical sciences2
, specifically referencing the energy lost due to internal friction or
resistance in a system. When applied to psychology, it describes a state where individuals
experience mental energy depletion without tangible or productive outcomes. This condition
involves a person's mental resources being consumed by activities that yield little to no reward,
leading to feelings of exhaustion and frustration.
In psychological terms, Internal mental depletion is seen as a form of cognitive and
emotional overload. It occurs when individuals engage in excessive mental activities such as
overthinking, ruminating on past events, worrying about future possibilities, or being overly
self-critical. These activities, while mentally consuming, often do not lead to constructive
solutions or positive outcomes, hence the term "internal consumption."3
3 Margaret Wehrenberg, “Rumination: A Problem in Anxiety and Depression,” Psychology Today, April 20,
2016,
2 R. A. G. Khammissa, S. Nemutandani, G. Feller, J. Lemmer, and L. Feller, “Burnout Phenomenon:
Neurophysiological Factors, Clinical Features, and Aspects of Management,” The Journal of International Medical
Research 50, no. 9 (2022): 3000605221106428, https://doi.org/10.1177/03000605221106428.
6
This concept is particularly relevant today, where the fast pace of life and constant
bombardment of information easily leads to mental saturation. In a world where multitasking and
being perpetually 'online' are the norms, individuals find themselves mentally juggling numerous
tasks and worries simultaneously, leading to a state of chronic mental overexertion. Internal
mental depletion encapsulates this modern predicament, highlighting a state where mental efforts
are internally consumed rather than being directed toward productive ends.
1.2 Psychological Interpretation
Internal mental depletion manifests as various cognitive and emotional processes. A
central concept is the role of overthinking and rumination, which is linked to negative emotional
states like anxiety and depression. Overthinking involves persistently dwelling on one's worries,
fears, and problems without reaching a resolution. This mental process is a self-perpetuating
cycle, where the more one thinks, the more consumed and trapped one feels, leading to a state of
mental exhaustion.
Perfectionism is another contributing factor to internal mental depletion. Individuals with
perfectionist tendencies set unrealistically high standards for themselves and engage in relentless
self-criticism and scrutiny. This pursuit of perfection leads to significant mental strain, as the
individual continuously strives for unattainable goals, creating a sense of failure and inadequacy.
Moreover, excessive worry about the future, a characteristic feature of anxiety disorders,
is a crucial aspect of Internal mental depletion. It involves constant anticipation of future
problems and catastrophes, regardless of their likelihood. Such a pattern of thinking significantly
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/depression-management-techniques/201604/rumination-a-problem-in-an
xiety-and-depression.
7
drains an individual's mental energy, leaving them feeling depleted and unable to focus on the
present or engage in more productive and fulfilling activities.4
1.3 Modern Societal Factors
In the context of modern society, the advent and proliferation of social media are among
the primary contributors to the phenomenon of internal mental depletion. Platforms like
Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have converted the manner people interact, perceive, and gift
themselves. While those systems provide severa benefits, additionally they pose sizeable
intellectual fitness dangers. Heavy social media use is related to elevated dangers of depression,
anxiety, loneliness, self-harm, and suicidal thoughts.The constant exposure to curated and often
idealized representations of others' lives leads to feelings of inadequacy, envy, and a sense of
missing out (FOMO), further fueling the cycle of Internal mental depletion.
The present day work surroundings additionally performs a essential position withinside
the upward thrust of internal mental depletion. With the blurred barriers among work and private
life, particularly withinside the context of far flung paintings and virtual connectivity, people are
challenged to disengage from paintings-associated mind and activities. This lack of separation
leads to a state where the mind is continuously engaged in work-related stressors, even during
supposed downtime, contributing to mental overexertion. A study published in BMC Public
Health5
found a strong association between work-life conflict and poor self-reported health
among working adults in Europe, underscoring the psychological impact of imbalanced work-life
dynamics. This research highlights how the stress of juggling work and personal life leads to
5 Mensah, A., Adjei, N.K. Work-life balance and self-reported health among working adults in Europe: a
gender and welfare state regime comparative analysis. BMC Public Health 20, 1052 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09139-w
4 D. W. Grupe and J. B. Nitschke, "Uncertainty and Anticipation in Anxiety: An Integrated Neurobiological
and Psychological Perspective," Nature Reviews Neuroscience 14, no. 7 (2013): 488-501,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3524.
8
mental overexertion and poor health outcomes, resonating with the concept of internal mental
depletion.
Furthermore, the fast-paced nature of contemporary urban life, with its emphasis on
productivity, achievement, and constant availability, exacerbates the issue. The societal pressure
to be perpetually active and successful creates an environment where slowing down or taking
time for mental rest is often stigmatized or viewed as unproductive, pushing individuals towards
a state of constant mental exertion without adequate recovery or rest.
1.4 Prevalence Among Young People
According to Mental Health America's Youth Data 2023,6 11.5% of youth (or over 2.7
million youth) currently experience severe major depression. The prevalence of severe major
depressive episodes was highest among youth who identified as more than one race. The state
prevalence of youth with severe major depressive episodes ranged from 5.2% in South Carolina
to 19.9% in South Dakota.
The prevalence of Internal mental depletion among young people is attributed to a
confluence of developmental, societal, and technological factors. Developmentally, young adults
are navigating a critical phase of identity formation and self-discovery, as outlined in Erik
Erikson's stages of psychosocial development7
. This period of life is marked by the exploration
of personal and professional paths, often accompanied by uncertainty and self-doubt, making
young individuals particularly susceptible to mental overexertion. A report titled "On Edge:
7G. A. Orenstein and L. Lewis, "Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development," in StatPearls [Internet]
(Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, 2024), last updated November 7, 2022,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556096/.
6“MHA Youth Ranking 2023,” Mental Health America, accessed February2, 2024,
https://mhanational.org/issues/2023/mental-health-america-youth-data.
9
Understanding and Preventing Young Adults’ Mental Health Challenges,"8 based on a nationally
representative survey conducted in December 2022, found that young adults in the U.S. reported
twice the rates of anxiety and depression compared to teens. The survey included young adults
aged 18 – 25 and identified several factors contributing to these emotional challenges, including
a lack of meaning and purpose, financial worries, achievement pressure, a general sense that
things are falling apart, relationship deficits, and concerns over social and political issues
Societal pressures also play a significant role. Today's youth grow up in a highly
competitive environment where academic and professional achievements are emphasized. The
pressure to succeed, coupled with the fear of falling behind peers, leads to constant worry and
overthinking. Additionally, the societal narrative that equates busyness with productivity and
success pushes young people to engage in relentless self-improvement and social comparison,
often at the cost of their mental well-being. According to the International Labour Organization,
The global unemployment rate is expected to slightly rise in 20239
, reaching around 5.8%. This
increase, of approximately 3 million, will bring the total number of unemployed individuals
globally to 208 million.
Technological advancements, especially the ubiquity of social media and digital devices,
add another layer of complexity. Constant connectivity and the barrage of information leads to
information overload, making it difficult for young individuals to disconnect and rest their
minds. The curated and often unrealistic portrayals of life on social media platforms exacerbate
9
International Labour Organization, “World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends 2023,” International
Labour Organization, 2023,
https://www.ilo.org/global/research/global-reports/weso/WCMS_865332/lang--en/index.htm.
8 R. Weissbourd, M. Batanova, J. McIntyre, E. Torres, S. Irving, S. Eskander, and K. Bhai, “On Edge:
Understanding and Preventing Young Adults’ Mental Health Challenges,” Making Caring Common, Harvard
Graduate School of Education, 2023, https://mcc.gse.harvard.edu/reports/on-edge.
10
feelings of inadequacy and FOMO (Fear of Missing Out), further fueling Internal mental
depletion.
11
Chapter 2: The Self-Actualization
Self-actualization10
is a fundamental concept in psychology, which focuses on an
individual's journey towards realizing their full potential and becoming the best version of
themselves.
2.1 Definition of Self-Actualization
Self-actualization, a term coined by Abraham Maslow11
, stands as a pinnacle of human
psychological development. This multifaceted concept encapsulates the idea of individuals
striving to become the best versions of themselves by realizing their full potential across various
dimensions of life. Self-actualization goes beyond mere self-improvement; it represents a
profound journey of personal growth, creativity, and fulfillment. In the realm of psychology,
self-actualization is perceived as a dynamic process rather than a static state. It encompasses the
relentless pursuit of personal goals, guided by a desire to lead a meaningful life aligned with
one's authentic self. This process involves continuous self-awareness, introspection, and a
commitment to personal development.
While self-actualization manifests differently for each individual, common elements
include a deep understanding of one's strengths and weaknesses, a proactive approach to goal
setting and achievement, a penchant for creativity and innovation, and a prioritization of values
and purpose. It's the synergy of these elements that propels individuals toward self-realization.
11 S. McLeod, "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs," Simply Psychology, 2024,
https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html.
10 E. Sullivan, "Self-Actualization," Encyclopedia Britannica, October 6, 2023,
https://www.britannica.com/science/self-actualization.
12
2.2 Psychological Perspective
At the heart of understanding self-actualization lies Hierarchy of Needs12
, a foundational
theory introduced by Abraham Maslow (Fig. 4). This theory posits that human needs are
organized into five levels, with self-actualization needs occupying the highest tier. To truly grasp
the significance of self-actualization, it's essential to explore how this concept fits within the
broader context of human motivation.The hierarchy begins with physiological needs like food,
water, and shelter, followed by safety needs, social needs, and esteem needs. Once these
lower-level needs are adequately met, individuals can shift their focus toward self-actualization.
This hierarchical structure emphasizes that individuals must have their basic needs satisfied
before they can embark on the journey of self-discovery and realization.
Figure 4. Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs, Source:
https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html.
12Wikipedia contributors, "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, March 18,
2024, last modified 10:16, March 24, 2024,
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maslow%27s_hierarchy_of_needs&oldid=1214418223.
13
Key elements of self-actualization encompass a profound sense of self-awareness and
self-acceptance. This self-awareness empowers individuals to make informed life choices,
ensuring that these choices align with their authentic selves.Self-actualized humans also are
characterised with the aid of using the cappotential to set and reap crucial goals, foster a
experience of accomplishment, and construct vanity and motivation. and that they exhibit
growing degrees of creativity and innovation. They are inclined to discover modern-day ideas,
follow precise solutions, little by little and continuously are seeking possibilities for non-public
increase and self-expression.
2.2.1 Self-Actualization and Mental Well-being
Self-actualization plays a pivotal role in enhancing mental well-being, as evidenced by
the studies conducted by Deci and Ryan (2000)13
that emphasize the role of self-actualization in
promoting intrinsic motivation, which is closely linked to higher levels of psychological
well-being and life satisfaction. Intrinsic motivation stems from pursuing activities that
individuals find inherently rewarding and meaningful, aligning with the core principles of
self-actualization.
Maslow's own research, as documented in "Motivation and Personality,"14
features case
studies of self-actualized individuals, offering valuable insights into their psychological
characteristics and well-being. These real-world examples serve as compelling evidence of the
positive impact of self-actualization.
14 A. H. Maslow, Motivation and Personality (New York: Harper & Row, 1954).
13 R. M. Ryan and E. L. Deci, "Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation,
Social Development, and Well-Being," American Psychologist 55, no. 1 (2000): 68-78,
https://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2000_RyanDeci_SDT.pdf.
14
Self-actualized individuals tend to possess higher self-esteem and report greater overall
life satisfaction (Ryff & Singer, 1998)15
. This positive self-regard contributes significantly to
their happiness and overall mental well-being. Additionally, self-actualized individuals display
superior stress-coping abilities. Their resilience and adaptability enable them to effectively
manage life's challenges, reducing the negative impact of stress on their mental health (Salovey
& Rodin, 1984). Furthermore, self-actualization serves as a preventive factor against the
development of mental health issues, including anxiety and depression. Research by Keyes
(2002)16 underscores that individuals with a strong sense of purpose and self-actualization are
less likely to experience psychological distress.
2.2.2 Faith is A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Roger Bannister17
is best known for his historic achievement on May 6, 1954, when he
became the first person to run a mile (1,609 meters) in under four minutes. This feat, considered
unattainable at the time, had eluded athletes for years. The prevailing belief was that the human
body was incapable of breaking the four-minute barrier. However, Roger Bannister harbored a
deep-seated belief in his own potential. He possessed unwavering faith that he could accomplish
what others thought impossible. Bannister's journey to break the four-minute mile was not just a
physical one but a mental and emotional odyssey. He understood that belief was the cornerstone
of his endeavor. He knew that to overcome the physiological and psychological barriers, he
needed to believe in himself with absolute conviction.
17Wikipedia contributors, "Roger Bannister," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed March 24, 2024,
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bannister&oldid=1214753587.
16 G. J. Westerhof and C. L. Keyes, "Mental Illness and Mental Health: The Two Continua Model Across
the Lifespan," Journal of Adult Development 17, no. 2 (2010): 110–119, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9082-y.
15C. Ryff and B. Singer, "Know Thyself and Become What You Are: A Eudaimonic Approach to
Psychological Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies 9 (2008): 13-39,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0.
15
In 1952, Bannister finished fourth in the 1500 meters at the Helsinki Olympics. It was a
respectable achievement, but left him with a profound realization—he had more to give. He
decided to dedicate himself to the pursuit of the four-minute mile. Bannister relentlessly trained
and visualized his success. He meticulously planned his strategy, and with each training session,
his belief in his ability grew stronger. His faith was unwavering, and it became a self-fulfilling
prophecy.
On that fateful day in 1954, in an atmosphere charged with anticipation, Roger Bannister
stepped onto the track at Oxford's Iffley Road. The conditions were far from ideal, but his belief
was unshaken. As he raced toward the finish line, Bannister crossed it in 3 minutes and 59.4
seconds, making history by breaking the four-minute barrier. Roger Bannister's success made
people at the time question science and medicine. Prior to this, all scientific theories had proven
that it was impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, and indeed, no one had
ever broken this rule before 1954. However, even more incredible is that just six weeks after
Roger Bannister ran the mile in under four minutes, Australian athlete, John Landy, completed a
mile in 3 minutes and 57.9 seconds. Following that, in 1955, 37 athletes ran the mile in under
four minutes, and in 1956, over 300 athletes broke the four-minute barrier. What exactly
happened? Did they suddenly train harder? Did they purchase better running equipment? Not at
all; it was belief. Belief is that powerful. In the past, these athletes ran their hardest, and no one
intentionally slowed down to uphold science and medicine. However, their subconscious minds
controlled them, hindering them from breaking free. This restraint was psychological, but what
Roger Bannister did was break through the psychological barriers.
16
Chapter 3: Keep the Faith
The phrase "keep the faith" is an exhortation to remain steadfast in one's beliefs and
optimistic in one's outlook, regardless of challenging circumstances. At its core, it's about
maintaining a sense of hope and trust in a positive outcome, even when the current situation
seems bleak or uncertain. This phrase transcends the boundaries of religious faith to encompass a
broader spectrum of personal convictions and resilience.
In psychological terms, this phrase aligns with concepts of resilience and positive
psychology. Psychologist Martin Seligman's work18 on learned optimism provides a theoretical
framework here. Seligman's theory suggests that how people explain events to themselves affects
their resilience and overall well-being. "Keep the faith" embodies this idea by encouraging an
optimistic explanatory style, even in adverse situations.
Moreover, the phrase connects deeply with the concept of “hope” as defined in positive
psychology. Charles R. Snyder's hope theory19 posits that hope comprises a cognitive process
with two components: “agency” (the motivation to achieve goals) and “pathways” (the means to
achieve these goals). "Keep the faith" is a call to maintain both the motivation (agency) and the
belief in possible pathways, even when they are not immediately apparent.
3.1 Origins of “Keep the Faith”
Tracing the exact origin of "keep the faith" is challenging, as it likely evolved from
multiple sources. However, its earliest and most profound roots can be found in religious
contexts. In Christianity, for instance, the concept of 'keeping faith' is integral. It resonates with
19 C. R. Snyder, "Hope Theory: Rainbows in the Mind," Psychological Inquiry 13, no. 4 (2002): 249-275,
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1304_01.
18 M. E. P. Seligman, Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life (New York: Knopf,
1991).
17
biblical passages that emphasize perseverance in faith (e.g., James 1:12, which talks about the
blessing for those who persevere under trial).
This word in all likelihood received prominence at some point of instances of spiritual
turmoil, consisting of at some point of the Reformation or different intervals of great sectarian
conflict, as a rallying cry for keeping middle spiritual beliefs. Over time, its utilization extended
past strictly spiritual contexts to end up a extra generalized name for perseverance withinside the
face of adversity.
From a ancient perspective, the word may additionally had been motivated via way of
means of the socio-political context of diverse eras. For example, at some point of the Great
Depression withinside the 1930s, a length marked via way of means of excessive monetary
hardship, terms like "maintain the faith" might have served as a verbal anchor for wish and
perseverance.
3.1.1 Relation to Popular Culture and the Arts
"Keeping the Faith" has discovered an area in famous subculture and art, regularly
serving as a subject or start line in literature, song, film, and visible art. Its familiar attraction and
uplifting nature make certain it resonates with people. Across numerous musical genres, many
songs include this word or its which means into lyrics to specific subject matters of hope,
resistance, and persistence. The word seems in song from gospel to rock, masking its extensive
attraction. For example: Bon Jovi`s 1992 album "Keep the Faith" expressed a vital spirit, a seek
and exploration of the genuine self, and supplied a paean to perseverance in a time of world
uncertainty.
18
Figure 5. Keep the Faith, the album by American rock band Bon Jovi, Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keep_the_Faith.
In literature, this phrase often appears in narratives featuring characters undergoing
significant trials, symbolizing their inner strength and determination. It can be seen in both
fiction and non-fiction, serving as a motif for characters' journeys through adversity. In film and
visual arts, the phrase can be a powerful narrative tool. It's employed in storylines that deal with
overcoming odds, personal transformation, and the triumph of the human spirit. Films that
showcase characters facing immense challenges often echo the "keep the faith" sentiment, even
if not explicitly stated.
Finally, in the realm of social media and digital culture, "keep the faith" is frequently used
as a hashtag or a statement of solidarity and encouragement, especially during challenging times
19
like the COVID-19 pandemic. It serves as a virtual rallying cry, offering collective and
individual comfort.
Figure 6. KEEP THE FAITH, the album by the band The Georgia Satellites, Source:
https://www.thegeorgiasatellites.com/release/keep-the-faith/.
3.2 A New Cultural Trend Among Chinese Youth
Burning incense is a common religious or spiritual activity that usually occurs in temples,
Taoist temples, or ancestral halls. Devotees or visitors burn incense candles to show respect to
gods or ancestors, hoping for their blessing. Traditionally, older people were more inclined to
participate, but in recent years, more young people are engaging in such activities, leading to a
trend of "temple tourism," a new subculture among the youth. Data from a Chinese ticketing
platform shows that since 202320
, temple-related ticket orders have tripled; post-90s and post-00s
youth make up nearly half of these orders. Traditional incense burning is a long-standing ritual,
20 Wangyishudu, "The Young People Crowding the Temple Take Incense More Seriously Than School,"
36Kr, March 17, 2023, https://36kr.com/p/2175217653969410.
20
but today's youth often do it not out of devout faith but as a special form of expressing hopes and
aspirations, reinterpreting and applying traditional Chinese cultural elements.
In China, Post-90s youth face key life issues like career development and family
formation, adapting to social roles and managing relationships with parents, partners, and
colleagues. Uncertainties in career, changing skill demands, competitive pressures, and
responsibilities like marriage, housing, child education, and elder care create anxiety for some.
Post-00s youth, in adolescence or early adulthood, face critical decisions like education and
employment, often feeling uncertain about the future. Amid China's economic transformation
and high-quality development, new industries and jobs emerge, demanding higher quality from
the youth. Economic changes, compounded by the pandemic, have made life harder for some
young people, feeling the gap between ideals and reality.
High-quality development society emphasizes innovation and technology, requiring
young people to invest more time and effort to stay competitive. Temples offer a place to vent
emotions and relax, providing psychological comfort, helping them escape from stress and relax.
In incense-burning rituals, young people also engage in self-reflection and seek inner answers.
This ritual helps them overcome self-doubt, recognize their needs, gain decision-making
courage, and focus on controllable aspects, thus achieving self-reconciliation and affirmation. In
summary, incense-burning activities offer some young people a chance for self-adjustment,
helping them return to everyday life with a renewed spirit.
21
Figure 7. Youth like incense-burning and worship Buddha, Source:
https://www.sinchew.com.my/news/20230316/international/4543269.
Figure 8. Incense-burning and worship Buddha at home, Source:
https://www.sinchew.com.my/news/20230316/international/4543269.
Figure 9. Incense-burning and worship Buddha at home 2, Source:
https://www.douyin.com/zhuanti/7191730205680093199.
22
Figure 10. Youth like incense-burning and worship Buddha 2, Source:
https://www.sinchew.com.my/news/20230316/international/4543269
23
Chapter 4: Design of Systems to Stimulate Self-actualization
My design project creates a visual medium that embodies both sanctity and modernity by
integrating traditional religious symbols with elements of popular culture. The deity statue
represents the self, serving as a spiritual projection and support within the home, embodying the
individual's aspirations for a better future and the pursuit of their true self while providing
spiritual strength. I redesigned a simplified incense-burning ceremony where participants first set
a goal, plan, or direction for themselves, write it on a card, and insert the card into a shrine. The
participant's task is then to light incense and pray daily. Once the goal on the card is achieved,
the participant removes the card and stamps it with the deity statue, completing that phase of the
ritual. Participants can then choose to write down a new goal as needed.
4.1 Statue Design
The design of the deity statue is simplistic, drawing inspiration from traditional Buddhist
statues in Chinese Buddhism. Initially, I avoided overly strong religious symbols found in
Buddhist statues, such as characteristic facial expressions, attire, and religious gestures.
However, I do not want to eliminate its religious essence entirely. The resulting model is
conceived from basic geometric shapes that use spheres to represent the head and hands, a cube
to cover the torso, and cylinders to connect the legs. This approach subtly reduces religious
symbolism.
There are many types of Buddha statues, each with its own unique symbolism. In
Buddhism, Buddhas or Bodhisattvas are practitioners and fully enlightened beings, which means
before they achieved enlightenment, they were people of various backgrounds. In Buddhism,
achieving Buddhahood does not equate to becoming a "god" nor does possessing magical powers
equate to having "strength." Rather, it signifies a profound self-awareness and the achievement
24
of self-transcendence, along with the ability to impart this strength to others, a process known as
"enlightenment."
Based on the elements of modernity and pop culture, the color palette is based on bright,
vibrant, and saturated colors for the deity statues, such as red, green, blue, purple, and yellow.
The color scheme of each statue uses analogous colors, supplemented with complementary
colors to create visual harmony that comforts and appeals to young people. According to color
psychology, these types of colors symbolize youth, vitality, and vigor, aligning with the vision of
this project and its target audience. I am not attempting to create or adhere to a specific trend, as I
believe pop culture cannot be defined due to its ever-changing nature. However, it's certain that
the primary audience of pop culture is the youth.
Figure 11. Buddha Statue, Source: https://www.amazon.com/-/zh_TW/dp/B0BVMVF5PS
25
Figure 12. Statue design 1
Figure 13. Statue design 2
26
Figure 14. Original Statue 3D printing
The inspiration from geometric shapes and bright colors primarily stems from the
influence of Bauhaus21 and De Stijl22
, particularly Bauhaus's emphasis on geometric forms,
minimalism, and color which has profoundly impacted modern design, architecture, and art.
They champion the idea that good design is a synthesis of form and function, accessible to
everyone, and free from unnecessary elements. Just like in 3D modeling, where each object is
defined by its number of facets, with a higher number of facets leading to greater detail,
geometric shapes in the physical world, which have fewer facets, represent simpler forms. Many
of Bauhaus's design works aimed to "abstract" objects, that is, to remove unnecessary, cluttered
parts while preserving essential functionality. I have adopted this Bauhaus principle of
abstraction in the design of these small statues.
22 Wikipedia contributors, "De Stijl," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, March 14, 2024, last modified
11:31, March 23, 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=De_Stijl&oldid=1213657415.
21 W. Gropius, "The Bauhaus and its Impact on Modern Design" (1935).
27
Figure 15. Bauhaus poster by Herbert Bayer 1968, Source:
https://www.sohu.com/a/312368936_120048229
In this project, the statues actually represent oneself. I'm not attempting to create a new
deity; instead, I aim to guide people to believe in a "god," which is themselves. The connection
between the audience and the statue begins when the small statue, as a product, offers a choice
among different forms, with the selection based on individual preference, marking the first point
of contact. Following this is the act of "worshipping the statue," a deeply religious practice. This
is inspired by the current trend among young Chinese people who engage in "Buddha worship,
incense offering, and making wishes" as a means to counter real-life pressures and alleviate
psychological stress. Therefore, I've established a ritual of "worship, making wishes (writing
down anything about oneself, goals, dreams, self-awareness at this stage), offering incense, and
28
stamping" to facilitate a second connection with the audience. As long as this statue is in one's
home or presence, seeing it will remind one of their written words, symbolizing the
materialization of thoughts and beliefs. Buddha or deity statues hold a sense of sanctity and a
supervisory presence to believers, marking the third to countless connections between the statue
and the individual.
4.2 Design of the Shrine Installation
Most traditional Chinese Buddhist shrines are made of wood, designed as miniature
versions of traditional Chinese pavilion architecture, adorned with elaborate carvings and
complex designs. Besides housing Buddha statues, these shrines also contain incense burners,
fruits, and other offerings. In traditional Chinese Buddhist thought, the shrine is considered the
coffin of the Buddha, with the statue representing the Buddha himself. Bringing a Buddha statue
home and worshiping it is seen as a devout way to practice Buddhism. Statues housed in shrines
are especially revered, as not all Buddha statues come with shrines. Similar to the design
philosophy of the deity statues, I harness the sense of power gained from religion while
incorporating modern and popular design features. Therefore, in designing the shrine, I use the
concept of a house but simplify it by removing complex carvings and structural designs. Instead,
I use minimalist geometric lines and bright colors to represent modern and pop culture attributes.
29
Figure 16. Buddha Statue shrine, Source:
https://www.baike.com/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%BE%9B/?view_id=3se2p55ddo8000
Figure 17. Buddha Statue shrine2, Source:
https://dongyi.tw/%E3%80%90%E7%A5%9E%E9%BE%95%E3%80%91%E9%BE%8D%E6
%A5%A3-%E5%9A%AE%E6%A5%A3-%E8%81%AF%E5%B0%8D%E6%9F%B1-%E7%A
5%9E%E9%BE%95%E5%A0%B5/
Figure 18.Design Reference 1, Source:
https://www.uol.com.br/nossa/noticias/redacao/2020/06/13/em-clima-moderno-e-colorido-a-casa
-brasileira-da-espaco-a-fe.amp.htm
30
Figure 19. Design Reference 2, Source:
https://www.archilovers.com/projects/300730/loutijian-buddha-altar.html
Figure 20. Design Reference 3, Source:
https://www.etsy.com/listing/1410010383/rome-palace-tealight-holder-silicone?epik=dj0yJnU9Y
zZGdzJFSGpIWG5UeFN5ZVNTVkM0RkhZQWhJXzFZNUMmcD0wJm49WDdLVWhIZEtRe
Xk5Z1pwMFZsNU1YUSZ0PUFBQUFBR1hSMk13/
31
Figure 21. Shrine Sketch 1
Figure 22. Shrine Sketch 2
32
Figure 23. Shrine Sketch 3
Figure 24. Shrine Sketch 4
33
Another design option for the shrine is a remake of the traditional Chinese wooden
cabinet. These standalone wooden shrine cabinets have been common in Chinese households,
both historically and in contemporary settings. Many Buddhism believer families have such
cabinets, primarily used to place statues, offerings, incense burners, and other items. The drawers
are typically reserved for devout religious purposes, storing items like incense sticks, without
mixing in miscellaneous items. In this project, I aim to maintain this traditional setting; thus, I
will remake the traditional shrine cabinet. I plan to preserve the fundamental structure of the
wooden cabinet while applying paint based on the project's main visual elements for the exterior
appearance. The interior will be redesigned to include a music player and storage for materials.
Areas for statues, incense burners, offerings, and wish cards will be depicted at the shrine spot.
The purpose of this device is to immerse the audience in a traditionally cultured scene with a
new visual packaging, allowing for interactive activities such as lighting incense, writing wish
cards, and stamping.
Figure 25. Shrine Cabinet, Source:
https://www.chinafurnitureonline.com/rosewood/cabinets-14077/rosewood-3-level-lotus-altar-ca
binet
34
Figure 26. Shrine Cabinet Sketch
35
Figure 27. Shrine Cabinet Sketch 2
Figure 28. Shrine Cabinet Sketch 3
In this project, the shrine cabinet will actually be an essential part of the installation in the
exhibition, setting a scene. What I need is to retain its function for worshiping the Buddha statue
while integrating audio-visual language. Audibly, I plan to play Bon Jovi's "Keep the Faith"
because this song emphasizes a kind of self-power and a positive way of thinking, fitting the
theme of this project. Visually, the cabinet's colors and patterns will be unified with the visual
language of this project. I will spray paint it with rich colors and the "font symbols" I've
designed. I also plan to embed a screen (maybe a small TV) to continuously play an audio-visual
interactive video. Initially, I am creating a video with a kaleidoscope visual effect, incorporating
elements from Thangka visuals and font symbols, and I intend to use "Keep the Faith" to control
the rhythm of this video in Touchdesigner. The kaleidoscopic form brings a psychedelic sensory
experience, drawing inspiration from psychedelic art. Humorously speaking, I am trying to
36
"hypnotize" the audience into "worshiping the statue," or in other words, this is a form of visual
communication.
4.3 Tangka Art
For visual design, Thangka 23
is used as the foundational visual language. Thangka is a
distinctive form of painting and art form deeply rooted in Tibetan culture. It features strong
ethnic characteristics, rich religious colors, and a unique artistic style, using bright colors to
depict the sacred world of the Buddha, serving both as an object of worship for practitioners and
a means to spread Buddhism. Therefore, the people who create Thangkas, as well as the
methods, standards, and scales of these paintings, are subject to strict, specific requirements.
Traditionally, the pigments are derived entirely from precious minerals and gemstones such as
gold, silver, pearls, agate, coral, turquoise, malachite, cinnabar, along with saffron, rhubarb, and
indigo from plants, highlighting their sanctity. These natural materials ensure that the Thangkas
retain their vivid and dazzling colors, remaining bright and vibrant even after centuries, earning
them the reputation as a treasure of Chinese national painting art. Thangkas are referred to as the
"encyclopedia" of Tibetan culture and are considered a highly valuable intangible cultural
heritage within Chinese folk art.
23Wikipedia contributors, "Thangka," *Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia*, March 9, 2024, last modified
11:32, March 23, 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thangka&oldid=1212806390.
37
Figure 29. Tangka 1, Source: https://www.lopon.org.tw/lopon/fanhua/8517.html
Figure 30 Tangka 2, Source: https://www.wotangka.com/3502.html
38
In this project, similar to the use of Buddha statues, I maintain the religious colors,
standards, and scales due to their religious significance but blur the specific contents that carry
strong religious symbols. However, I utilize the same function for the audience (practitioners) to
"worship" and for the purpose of visual communication.
4.4 Psychedelic Art
What is Psychedelic art? Psychedelic art24
, deeply intertwined with the 1960s
counterculture and psychedelic drug experiences, represents an artistic movement that sought to
capture the hallucinogenic and transcendent experiences of the mind. Characterized by its vivid
color schemes, swirling patterns, and surreal imagery, this art form aimed to express the inner
workings of the human psyche and the altered states of consciousness induced by substances like
LSD. Beyond visual art, its influence permeated music, literature, and fashion, embodying a
broader societal shift towards greater personal and spiritual exploration. In the early 1970s,
advertisers harnessed psychedelic art to market various products. Brian Wells once explained that
the psychedelic movement achieved significant cultural dissemination through the efforts of
artists, designers, and writers. However, despite widespread spread, there was considerable
dilution and distortion. Even the term "psychedelic" itself underwent a semantic shift, quickly
coming to signify anything colorful, unusual, or fashionable within youth culture,25
it indeed
aligns well with this project.
25 B. Wells, *Psychedelic Drugs* (New York: Jason Aronson, 1974), 19.
24 Wikipedia contributors, "Psychedelic Art," *Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia*, February 3, 2024, last
modified 12:12, March 23, 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psychedelic_art&oldid=1202633474.
39
Figure 31. Alex Gray - Heads Trippy, Source: Thingstolookathigh.com
Figure 32.1969 Clearasil New-Hope Soap Advertising by Peter Max, Source:
https://www.reddit.com/r/vintageads/comments/15w5en2/1969_clearasil_newhope_soap_adverti
sing/
40
4.5 Visual Design
Inspired by these two art styles, I first digitized Thangka paintings for further editing in
software applications, aiming to preserve their colors and basic layout. The process transforms
images into a unique psychedelic visual language through pixelation, stylization, and
deformation. While Thangkas convey the world of Buddha in specific ways, my goal is to
present this power abstractly to the audience using psychedelic style, conveying a feeling, a
spiritual force. This adaptable visual language is applied to posters, cards, and wallpapers,
leveraging Thangka's profound symbolism and beauty in contemporary design contexts.
Figure 33. Visual design 1
41
Figure 34. Visual design 2
4.6 Blessing Word Design
In Chinese culture, when we wish blessings upon others or look to the future, there are
many special words used to express these sentiments, such as "idioms." 26
Idioms are fixed
phrases that convey specific meanings and are mostly composed of four Chinese characters. In
this project, these blessing phrases will be used on wish cards and devices, symbolizing a force
filled with hope and good wishes for the future. I will select some of the most common blessing
phrases, like "顺风顺水" (Smooth sailing), implying that everything will proceed smoothly, and
"如意" (As you wish), indicating that all matters and plans will follow one's desires.
26 Wikipedia contributors, "Chengyu," *Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia*, last modified [modification
date not provided], accessed March 27, 2024,
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chengyu&oldid=1185077096.
42
"Spells" are very common in religious cultures, and in Chinese traditional culture, writing
spells with a brush and special ink can imbue power, especially in Taoism, where Taoist priests
write specific spells for different situations, often combining text and images. Inspired by this, I
will base the typography of the blessing words on traditional Chinese calligraphy and integrate
features of psychedelic art and acid design styles in the design process, presenting a mesmerizing
and colorful visual effect. Then, I'll reconfigure the overall forms to create various symbols.
These "word symbols" will seamlessly integrate into various materials and device settings.
Figure 35. Fulu, Taoist magic symbols, Source:
https://wapbaike.baidu.com/tashuo/browse/content?id=ab5d18ced719cd85fa136646
43
Figure 36. 顺风顺水(Smooth sailing) Blessing word design 1
44
Figure 37. 如意(As your wish) Blessing word design 2
45
Conclusion
Every second that passes, the real world evolves rapidly, with society frequently dictating
pathways to success. While humanity has achieved significant success in external exploration,
our capability for introspection remains underdeveloped. The rising prevalence of mental
exhaustion, anxiety, and other psychological issues among the youth is an undeniable reality that
demands our attention. I place a high value on addressing the spiritual well-being of individuals,
believing in the transformative relationship between a person's actions and their beliefs and
spirit. Through this design project, the aim is to raise awareness about these issues, unlock the
individual's potential for self-exploration, and encourage a deeper self-inquiry. This reflects my
role as a visual and product designer in making a meaningful impact.
This project indeed contains a lot of my personal expression, as I attempt to highlight the
idea that "Faith is a self-fulfilling prophecy," even though this concept already exists. My
intention isn't necessarily to solve a problem with this project; instead, I wish to imprint a
reminder in the minds of the audience or users (if the statue becomes a product) through this
somewhat obscure form. In essence, if we set aside luck or fate, what remains is self-drive. You
need to act on your goals or plans, and I see faith more as a catalyst. It might propel someone
who could only reach 100 meters to reach 150 meters or motivate someone who previously
couldn't act. This is the vision of the project. In religion, whether Buddhism or Christianity,
there's a guidance on how to live. In this project, religion symbolizes oneself, meaning you need
to listen to and believe in yourself. This can be understood as the project's focus on "self."
Working on this project has been incredibly enriching for me. On one hand, after
extensive reading and research, I've gained new insights into belief, the realization of individual
values, and mental health, among other topics. On the other hand, the design process involved a
46
lot of thinking and experimentation, as well as communication with third-party factories for
product realization, which significantly contributed to my growth. Traditional Chinese culture
has had a profound impact on me. I often focus on topics related to human spirituality and even
deeper explorations of the spirit. The spiritual and material worlds support and nourish each
other. As a designer, I aim to delve into more interesting and meaningful topics, build more
bridges, and always maintain a passion for creation.
47
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Abstract (if available)
Abstract
The escalating issue of digital-era anxiety, particularly the phenomenon of "internal mental depletion" among China's youth, amid the backdrop of rapid societal advancement is the primary focus of this design thesis project. Alleviating this pervasive anxiety is crucial. Thus, advocating for the power of belief and encouraging young individuals to embark on inward journeys of self-exploration offers a positive coping mechanism. To this end, I have initiated a design project that marries traditional religious culture with pop culture in a “modernized belief ritual”, this is presented in the form of an interactive audiovisual installation with tangible elements and environment setting. I hope participants can engage in a simple ritual with this device, involving writing down their wishes or plans, offering incense, practicing mindfulness, and stamping. This action is intended to strengthen the power of believe, thereby fostering more positive motivation and confidence, unlocking an individual's limitless potential and possibilities.
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Asset Metadata
Creator
Xie, Qinxu
(author)
Core Title
Keep the faith - systems design that stimulates self-actualization
School
Roski School of Art and Design
Degree
Master of Fine Arts
Degree Program
Fine Arts
Degree Conferral Date
2024-05
Publication Date
04/08/2024
Defense Date
04/05/2024
Publisher
Los Angeles, California
(original),
University of Southern California
(original),
University of Southern California. Libraries
(digital)
Tag
installation design,internal mental depletion,OAI-PMH Harvest,product design,self-actualization,visual design
Format
theses
(aat)
Language
English
Contributor
Electronically uploaded by the author
(provenance)
Advisor
Wojciak, Ewa (
committee chair
), Greiman, April (
committee member
), Robbins, Peter (
committee member
)
Creator Email
qinxuxie@gmail.com,qinxuxie@usc.edu
Permanent Link (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.25549/usctheses-oUC113871205
Unique identifier
UC113871205
Identifier
etd-XieQinxu-12768.pdf (filename)
Legacy Identifier
etd-XieQinxu-12768
Document Type
Thesis
Format
theses (aat)
Rights
Xie, Qinxu
Internet Media Type
application/pdf
Type
texts
Source
20240408-usctheses-batch-1136
(batch),
University of Southern California
(contributing entity),
University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses
(collection)
Access Conditions
The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright.
Repository Name
University of Southern California Digital Library
Repository Location
USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 2810, 3434 South Grand Avenue, 2nd Floor, Los Angeles, California 90089-2810, USA
Repository Email
cisadmin@lib.usc.edu
Tags
installation design
internal mental depletion
product design
self-actualization
visual design