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Los Angeles Webster Commission records, 1931-1992
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Gilbert A. Sandoval, interview, 1992-07-16
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Gilbert A. Sandoval, interview, 1992-07-16
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Content
PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL
ATTORNEY WORK PRODUCT
TO:
FROM:
DATE:
RE:
MEMORANDUM
SUSAN SPIVAK, ESQ.
KEN HEITZ, ESQ.
LAURIE L. LEVENSON
JULY 16, 1992
LOS ANGELES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ("LAX")
POLICE BUREAU
SUMMARY
'\
On July 15, 1992, at 9:45 a.m., at the Los Angeles
International Airport Police Department, I interviewed Chief of
Police Gilbert A. Sandoval. The folrowing is a summary of my
recollection of this meeting, including my questions and
comments, together with my mental impressions, conclusions and
opinions, based upon the meeting.
LAX has i .ts own 222 officer police force. The airport
police work jointly with the LAPD in preventing and apprehending
crime at the airport. During the civii unrest, the airport
police maintained the security of the airport. Although they
were not able to provide assistance to other agencies, the
airport police were able to prevent any disturbances at the
airport.
III JURISDICTION AND STRUCTURE OF LAX POLICE DEPARTMENT
The Department of Airports Police Agency is a specialized
police agency established to serve the .needs of the Department of
Airports. The Agency provides police services for four airports,
including LAX, Ontario, Burbank and Van Nuys airports. There are
222 sworn police in the department serving LAX. There are also
80 security officers at LAX who are not sworn. The security
officers serve at fixed posts, such as the field entrances,
impound offices, and lost and found.
The Airports Police Agency has three primary roles: (1)
crimes suppression and apprehension; (2) management of traffic;
and (3) security of the airport facilities. Most of the crime at
the airport involves property crime. The most typical offenses
are theft, vandalism and operating without a permit. the Airport
Police must monitor 26,000 parking slots, as well as the personal
safety and luggage of 45 million travelers annually. The
jurisdiction of the Airport police covers approximately 3500
acres. Officers work eight hour shifts unless there is an
emergency, the Department changes to 12 hour shifts.
When an arrest is made at the airport, the violator is
transported to LAPD Pacific Branch for booking. Follow-up on the
cases, including investigation is done by LAPD.
The services of the Airport Police Officers is paid for by
the Department of Airports. The FAA mandates security for all
airport facilities. Security responsibility at LAX is therefore
shared by three agencies: FAA; the Department of Airport Police;
and private airline law enforcement. The Airport operates on a
multi-level security system. In the case of an emergency, the
airport can be put on alert and extra precautions instituted for
the protection of those at the facility.
Other federal departments have law enforcement presence at
the Airport. They include the Customs Department, Immigration &
Naturalization Service, and the Drug Enforcement Administration.
Fire services are provided by the City Fire Department.
There are two fire stations at the airfield and one off the
airfield.
LAX Police Officers are trained at one of three facilities:
LAPD Academy; Sheriff's Academy; Rio Hondo Academy.
IV. MUTUAL ASSISTAN~E AGREEffENTS
The Airport Police work routinely with officers from the
Pacific Branch of the Los Angeles Police Department. There is a
good working relationship between the two agencies. A copy of the
Memorandum of Agreement is attached as Exhibit B.
v. PLANNING
~ \ .. -J \ .. ,
There were nor·••~ ,lane. anticipating the events after the
King verdict. Ing . the .Airport police are used to workin~
with the public. 'I'IMt ,o.etlo.n .have been trained on how to reduQt
the i~tensity of conf~~\~n•. Addit~onally, there.are ge~~ral
security plans that a~,~ble to various types of disturba~¢~••
VI. CHRONOLOGY
There were no disruptions at the airport during the riots.
Immediately after the verdicts, the captains of the department went
to an emergency plan to have all officers in uniform and maximize
staff. They also assign an officer to the Pacific Division of
LAPD as a liaison. Tile airport stayed open for operations
throughout the unrest. T!)e rAA, however, reversed landing patterns
in order to avoid possibl,4t ... tl'lreat$. to incoming aircraft. This
reversal order cut down t!\e operational capabilities of the airport
by limiting the number of _r\Jnwaya available for take-off and
landing. · ..
VII. REQUESTS BY LAPQ . fQ& MUTQAL. ASSISTANCE
After the unrest began, LAPD contacted Chief Sandoval and
asked for assistance fro• the Airport Police. Considering it the
Airport Police Agency'• re•ponsibility to maintain the security of
the airport, Chief s~val told the LAPD he was unable to commit
any resources. Chief Sandoval considered his department "on its
own" during the unrest.
The Fire Department officers assigned to the airport ,stayed at
the airport during the unrest. They are mandated to do so by the
federal government.
•
VIII.
CONTACTS WITH OTHER AGENCIES
During the riots, the airport police were in contact with Phil
Depoian at the Mayor's Office and Clifton Moore, the Executive
Director of the Department of Airports. The Airport Police had no
contact with the National Guard.
IX. RESOURCES
The Airport Poli~ are financed through the Department of
Airports and enjoy 11a•~oieot ·Tesources for an emergency. They
even have a Mobile QtMJftd Poat with state-of-art technology.
• r
.. · ,.
x.
Chief Sandoval recommended the Ambassador Training Program
sponsored by the National Conference of Christians and Jews as a
good avenue to train officers on how to interact with the public.
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
Between
The Los Angeles Department of Airports and
The Los Angeles Police Department
The Los Angeles International Airport and the Van Nuys Airport
are physically located in the City of Los Angeles. The Los
Angeles City Charter provides that the authority and
responsibility for policing these facilities rest with the
Los Angeles Police Department. This memorandum of agreement
does not affect Los Angeles Department of Airports operated
airports outside the City of Los Angeles.
The Los Angeles Department of Airports is responsible for the
management of these facilities as well as specific law
enforcement responsibilities mandated by the Federal Aviation
Administration and certain attendant security responsibilities.
In order to fulfill its public safety responsibilities, the Los
Angeles Department of Airports employs Special Officers and
Security Officers.
It is in the best interest of the City of Los Angeles, the
trave~ing public and airport tenants that the Los Angeles Police
Department and the Department of Airports Police Bureau
coordinate their efforts and resources to provide effective and
efficient public safety services at these locations. This
agreement is intended to eliminate the unnecessary duplication
of efforts, provide guidance for long range organizational and
budget development, and delineate responsibilities concerning
field services, preliminary crime investigation/reporting,
follow-up investigation and unusual occurrence
management/control.
Nothing in this agreement is intended to restrict or limit the
authority and duty of the Chief of Police of the City of
Los Angeles (and his designees) to enforce the penal provisions
of the City, State and Federal government.
Nothing in this agreement is intended to restrict or limit the
authority and duty of the Chief Special Officer of the City of
Los Angeles, Department of Airports, to enforce the ·specific law
enforcement responsibilities mandated by Federal Aviation
Regulations- Part 107 and the attendant LAX Security Plan, to
the airport certificate holder and the Los Angeles Department of
Airports. Nothing in this agreement is intended to encumber the
Department of Airports' additional responsibilities of screening
station response, airfield access/control, inspection of the
airport physical plant, and in meeting Federal Aviation
Administration reporting requirements.
- 2 -
I. AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
Under Section 198 of the Los Angeles City Charter, the
Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is the authorized
agency, and has the responsibility and authority, for
policing the City and its citizenry and for the
investigation of all criminal activity.
Under Section 830.4 of the California Penal Code, Special
Officers of the Los Angeles Department of Airports Police
-------------------··
Bureau (LADOAPB) are peace officers and may make arrests,
conduct investigations and complete reports involving
criminal matters +withi:n···t ·heir -j·urisdicti• m ,:--as ··delinet-ed-·-· •·
by the terms of -thiS -MOA) as may be necessary to protect
persons and property at airport facilities.
NOTE: Peace officer status does not extend to Security
Officers of the Los Angeles Department of
Airports. Security Officers may, however, make
private person arrests as delineated in Section 837
of the California Penal Code.
II. GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES
LADOAPB Responsibilitv
LADOAPB Special Officers will normally make arrests,
----- - --•- • -- ----• H• •-•-• ---• --•--•- •- -••- -------•--• •-• -•----•-----•--• --- -- - ---•----•-••-• ---
--- ~~~d l:1_ ~- ~ preliminary _investigations __ (within their
jurisdiction as delineate· d -- by-·-the ---terms of this .. MOA)., and
complete -~~im_ E:_ -~E:_P?r_ ~_ s -~n~--- ? .~?e: _ r~-~-~-~~~ __ r~~~:~: ______ _
involving crimes occurring on LADOA property or
conveyances.
- 3 -
LAPD Responsibility
The responsibility for conducting all follow-up
investigations, including misdemeanor follow-up _and those
cases involving juveniles, will rest with the LAPD.
Additionally, the LAPD shall conduct both the preliminary
and follow-up investigations of any complex felony crimes ·
and crimes of violence involving the use of any weapon.
NOTE: Since both agencies receive requests for
service from the public and both agencies
have dispatching responsibilities, either
agency receiving a request for emergency
service shall immediately dispatch a response
unit. If the activity is such that the other
agency has primary investigative
responsibility under the terms of this
agreement, then a notification to the other
agency shall be accomplished immediately
after the dispatch.
III. SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES
LADOAPB Responsibilities
The LADOAPB shall assume primary responsibility for the
following activities:
* Coordination of aviation-related interagency law
enforcement planning.
* Patrol of airport property and terminals in
conjunction with LAPD.
* Vehicular and pedestrian traffic control and
enforcement in the central terminal area.
- 4 -
* Initiating, maintaining, securing and providing ·
logistical support for emergency command posts and
decision centers.
* Taxicab and ground transportation licensing
enforcement.
* Crime prevention training and education for airport
passengers, tenants and employees.
LAPD Responsibilities
The LAPD shall assume primary responsibility for the
following activities.
*
*
*
*
*
*
Command responsibility for major unusual occurrences
( civil disturbances, --natural disasters, man-caused
emergencies, etc.).
Narcotics and vice enforcement.
Organized crime activity.
Politically motivated criminal activity.
Labor dispute related criminal investigations and
crime prevention.
Gang activity.
- 5 -
* All traffic accident investigations (fatal, injury,
both actual and complained of, City property involved,
and hit and run).
*
*
Hostage/kidnap situations.
Bomb/explosive searches and disposal.
Detention of fugitives in transit.
IV. REPORTING PROCEDURES
LADOAPB Responsibility
Crimes investigated by LADOAPB Special Officers shall be
reported to the LAPD on LAPD forms or LADOAPB forms which
are identical except for agency identification. All
reports shall be reviewed for accuracy and completeness
. -- ··- ,,-
by an LADOAPB supervisor prior to submission to an LAPD
supervisor for final approval and distribution. The
original of each report shall be delivered by a
representative of the LADOAPB to the appropriate LAPD
-- -· - ... - --·--· ... ··------ .....
------ -·- ·••-4• -- ·-------
station watch commander or supervisor by 1:00 a.m. daily
, \ ·· }
..,(f \ .
! /\
--- . . • • • • -• --~• --::,. ___ -•'"• ·.,-•••-- · ._ __ .,. - --••-•--• •••. - - • --· ---•-:- . ., ______ .., ___ , __ -='"~ -•tC..l---·----
(when no arrest or booked property is involved).
The following exceptions to this requirement shall be
observed.
*
Crime reports requiring immediate teletype
transmission shall be delivered to the appropriate
LAPD station watch commander or supervisor immediately
upon completion.
- 6 -
* Where a vehicle (stolen, recovered, impounded) report
is completed, the reporting officer shall obtain DR
information without delay.
* Reports involving an arrest and/or booked property
shall be delivered to the appropriate LAPD station
watch commander or supervisor prior to the reporting
officer leaving the LAPD facility.
LAPD Responsibility
All LADOAPB reports shall be approved by an LAPD
supervisor prior to distribution. Errors or omissions
contained in LADOAPB reports shall be resolved by the
concerned LAPD and LADOAPB supervisors prior to approval
and distribution. Appropriate DR numbers shall be
obtained from the LAPD records unit or Vehicle
Information Processing Unit by the reporting LADOAPB
special officer.
An LAPD supervisor who approves the booking of an
arrestee or property by an LADOAPB officer shall ensure
that all required reports are reproduced, if possible,
prior to the reporting officer leaving the LAPD facility.
- 7 -
The concerned LAPD records unit shall provide the
~ ~porting LADOAPB ~r~- ~£~- ~--~j!~ _ __?. ____ ~?PX ?f _ a_ ~l re~~_ ir_ e_ d
reports and forward one additional copy of all required
reports to the LADOAPB watch commander.
---- ----·-· ·---·--- ----------··-··------· ······--·------- ··- ....... ---·- ... ~--··-- ·-------·------ -·--- -
V. ARREST PROCEDURE
LADOAPB Responsibility
When an LADOAPB Special Officer effects an arrest, that
officer shall complete the arrest report and any other
related reports required.
LAPD Responsibility
When an arrest initiated by LADOAPB Special Officer is
determined to be the responsibility of the LAPD, ...as-Il--0- t.-ed ..
- i-n--the--"MOA, LAPD personnel shall assume responsibility
for the preliminary investigation and the booking of the
arrestee(s). The LADOAPB Special Officer involved shall,
when practicable, accompany LAPD officers to the
concerned investigative division or geographic area for
interview by the supervisor approving booking.
Whenever necessary, LAPD watch commanders shall arrange
for LAPD officers to be available to assist LADOAPB
officers with the booking and processing of adult and
juvenile arrestees, as well as with any related evidence.
- 8 -
VI. BOOKING PROCEDURES
LADOAPB Responsibility
LADOAPB arrestees shall be observed and approved for
booking by an LADOAPB supervisor and transported without
unnecessary delay to the appropriate LAPD facility for
observation and final approval by the LAPD watch
commander or station supervisor.
Prior to the booking of a sick or injured person at any
LAPD facility, the arresting LADOAPB Special Officer
shall provide evidence of medical treatment and medical
authority to book from a City approved contract hospital
to the approving LAPD supervisor.
LAPD Responsibility
The LAPD shall normally furnish jail facilities for adult
male prisoners arrested within the City by LADOAPB
Special Officers. Excess personal property of such
arrestees shall also be accepted.
NOTE: LADOAPB initiated arrests of adult females or
arrests of others which require transport to an
outside custodial facility shall be the
responsibility of the officer initiating the
arrest.
- 9 -
Improper Arrests
When an LAPD supervisor becomes aware that an arrest
effected by a LADOAPB Special Officer appears improper, a
request shall be made to have a LADOAPB supervisor
immediately review the matter and consult with the
concerned LAPD supervisor. It shall be the
responsibility of the concerned LAPD watch commander to
make the final determination on accepting the custody of
an arrestee.
Prisoner Complaints of Misconduct
In any case where a prisoner complains of misconduct by
an employee of the LADOAPB, the concerned LAPD supervisor
shall notify the LADOAPB on-duty watch commander, who
shall cause a supervisor to respond and conduct an
administrative investigation.
When misconduct constituting a crime is alleged against a
LADOAPB officer, the concerned LAPD supervisor shall
ensure that the appropriate crime report is taken and
shall cause the report to be distributed. The commanding
officer of the investigating division responsible for the
follow-up investigation shall ensure that the report is
forwarded to the LADOAPB Chief and that necessary
information is provided for the DOA to conduct their
parallel administrative investigation.
- 10 -
Juvenile Booked As An Adult
When it is learned that a person under the age of 18
years has been booked as an adult by a member of the
LADOAPB, the concerned LAPD watch commander shall,
without unnecessary delay, cause the juvenile to be
segregated from adult prisoners and notify the concerned·
investigating officer and, if applicable, the LADOAPB.
The concerned LAPD investigating officer or watch
commander shall arrange for LAPD personnel to rebook the
juvenile according to existing LAPD procedures.
LAPD Jailer Responsibility
When an arrestee is booked by LADOAPB Special Officers,
the LAPD jailer shall include the following information
on the Booking and Identification Record, Form 5.1:
* In the box entitled "Div & Detail Arresting", insert
"7080 LADOAPB" respectively.
* In the box entitled "Arresting Officer", insert the
name and identifying serial number of the arresting
officer, followed by "LADOAPB".
Prisoner Arraignment
The LAPD jailer having custody of a prisoner booked by
LADOAPB officers shall cause the prisoner to be transported
to and arraigned at the proper court.
- 11 -
VII. EVIDENCE AND PROPERTY PROCEDURES
LADOAPB Responsibility
A. Arrestees's Vehicle.
LADOAPB Special Officers shall care for an arrestee's
vehicle when they are responsible for completing the
investigation.
B. Evidence and Property Associated with An Arrest
LADOAPB Special Officers shall book evidence and
property associated with an arrest into the custody of
the appropriate LAPD. facility.
, ----------------------------·-···-
c. Found Property Storage.
LADOAPB shall maintain a storage facility for property
of non-evidentiary value found on DOA property. / /. ·;_•, / ,· }
--1 · · L r. c,,i V.) i (~ ·I ;>
D. Blood and .Urine Samples.
Blood and urine samples obtained as evidence by
LADOAPB Special Officers shall be booked at the same
location as the arrestee or at LAPD's property
Division (LAPD containers shall be used when booking
the samples) .
LAPD Responsibility
A. Evidence and Property.
LADOAPB Special Officers shall be permitted to book
evidence and property into the custody of the LAPD.
LAPD officers accepting custody of an LADOAPB arrestee
- 12 -
shall assume responsibility for the custody of all
evidence and property associated with the arrest.
When property is booked, the concerned LADOAP~ officer
shall be given one copy of the Property Report, Form
--------- -----··---··-- -·----·--·---------------
10.1, or, if more convenient, a copy of the "Receipt
for Property Taken Into Custody", Form 10.10.
LADOAPB Special Officers shall have the same
responsibilities as LAPD preliminary investigators in
booking evidence, transporting evidence to court, and
accounting for disposition of booked evidence and
property. LAPD officers shall be available to assist
LADOAPB officers with advice regarding evidence and
property procedures.
B. Gas Chromatograph Intoximeter Tests.
Gas Chromatograph Intoximeter Tests required for an
LADOAPB investigation shall be provided by a qualified
LADOAPB Special Officer. When the LADOAPB Special
Officer is not qualified to administer the Gas
Chromatograph Intoximeter Test, the test shall be
administered by an LAPD officer and witnessed by the
concerned LADOAPB Special Officer.
Expert testimony in court relative to the Gas
Chromatograph Intoximeter operation and system shall
be provided by the LAPD.
- 13 -
------ ----------- - ---- -------------,
c. Fingerprint Investigation.
Fingerprint investigation required for LADOAPB
investigations within the City shall be provided by
the LAPD.
EXCEPTION: When necessary, developing and lifting of
latent prints may be conducted by
qualified LADOAPB Special Officers for
crimes routinely investigated by LADOAPB.
VIII. VEHICLE IMPOUND PROCEDURES
LADOAPB Responsibility
LADOAPB Special Officers may, when appropriate, cause
vehicles on airport property, to be impounded under the
authority of Section 22651 of the Vehicle Code. The
impounding LADOAPB Special Officer shall complete the
required reports and make the necessary notifications.
The LADOAPB shall assume responsibility for conducting
post and pre-impound hearings of vehicles impounded by
LADOAPB Special Officers when such vehicles are not
otherwise subject to an investigation for which the LAPD
retains investigative responsibility.
- 14 -
LAPD Responsibility
LAPD officers shall complete required reports and impound
stolen/embezzled vehicles and all other vehicles for -7
which the LAPD retains invstigative responsibility. LAPD
officers shall be available to assist LADOAPB officers
with advice regarding vehicle impounds, completion of
reports and required notifications.
IX. COMMUNICATIONS
LADOAPB and LAPD Responsibilities
Watch commanders of each agency are responsible for
maintaining communications with respect to operational
and administrative situations that are likely to involve,
or be a concern to, the other agency.
Both agencies shall notify the other when planning
sessions are being conducted that will impact on the
operations of the other.
- 15 -
I .
This Memorandum of Agreement (M.O.A.) is entered into by the Los
Angeles Department of Airports and the Los Angeles Police
Department, and becomes effective when both the Executive
Director and the Chief of Police have affixed their signatures
to the M.O.A.
It shall guide subordinate management and supervising personnel
in budgeting and tasking, and remain in effect until modified by
both Department Heads or abrogated by either Department Head.
CLIFTON A. MOORE
Executive Director
Dep~rtment of Airports
City of Los Angeles
I / _..-- , /, //
\ / ./ d • • /
X . I -✓ / / _/
//~ · ,, /?.<,:,/ /l-/ ~ - .}rt:-
DARYL F .: GATES.
Chief of Police
Police Department
City of Los Angeles
- 16 -
Date Signed
/~::- i_/'
I / . ,· b·- ,r "i _ / , _ _ ,> . · . . L. .. ,J-.
~ _ : .. ,, / ' l / .,..__ , f
Date Signed
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Description
Interview of Gilbert A. Sandoval, Chief of the Los Angeles International Airport Police Department, about his Department's role in controlling the civil disturbance, and the collaboration between his Department and the Los Angeles Police Department. Also included is a Memorandum of Agreement between the Los Angeles International Airport Police Department and the Los Angeles Police Department, 1992 July 16.
Asset Metadata
Core Title
Gilbert A. Sandoval, interview, 1992-07-16
Tag
OAI-PMH Harvest
Format
20 p.
(format),
application/pdf
(imt),
Interviews
(aat)
Permanent Link (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.25549/webster-c100-33449
Unique identifier
UC11451661
Identifier
box 21 (box),web-box21-08-02.pdf (filename),folder 8 (folder),webster-c100-33449 (legacy record id)
Legacy Identifier
web-box21-08/web-box21-08-02.pdf
Dmrecord
33449
Format
20 p. (format),application/pdf (imt),Interviews (aat)
Type
texts
Tags
Folder test
Inherited Values
Title
Los Angeles Webster Commission records, 1931-1992
Description
Chaired by former federal judge and FBI and CIA Director William H. Webster, the Los Angeles Webster Commission assessed law enforcement's performance in connection with the April, 1992 Los Angeles civil unrest. The collection consists of materials collected and studied by the Commission over the course of its investigation. Materials pertain to both the Los Angeles incident specifically, and civil disturbance, civil unrest control, and policing tactics in general.
Included in the collection are the following: interviews with LAPD officers, law enforcement personnel, government officials, community leaders, and activists; articles, broadcasts, and press releases covering the civil unrest; various tactical and contingency plans created for disasters and emergencies; reports, studies, and manuals about civil unrest control and prevention; literature about community-based policing strategies; emergency plans and procedures developed by other cities; and after-action reports issued once the civil unrest had subsided. Also featured are items related to the internal operations of the LAPD both before and during the civil unrest, including activity reports, meeting agendas and minutes, arrest data, annual reports, curricula and educational materials, and personnel rosters.
See also the finding aid (https://archives.usc.edu/repositories/3/resources/2266).
See also The Los Angeles Riots: The Independent and Webster Commissions Collections (https://scalar.usc.edu/works/the-los-angeles-riots-christopher-and-webster-commissions-collections/index).
Related collections in the USC Digital Library:
? Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department, 1991 (see also the finding aid: https://archives.usc.edu/repositories/3/resources/2251)
? Richard M. Mosk Christopher Commission records, 1988-2011 (see also the finding aid: https://archives.usc.edu/repositories/3/resources/393)
? Kendall O. Price Los Angeles riots records, 1965-1967 (see also the finding aid: https://archives.usc.edu/repositories/3/resources/979)
? Watts riots records, 1965 (see also the finding aid: https://archives.usc.edu/repositories/3/resources/83)
Thanks to generous support from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the USC Libraries are digitizing this collection for online public access.
Coverage Temporal
1931/1992