University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses

Distribution And Ecology Of Two Families Of Natant Decapod Crustacea -- Oplophoridae And Pasiphaeidae -- In Waters Off Southern California

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Distribution And Ecology Of Two Families Of Natant Decapod Crustacea -- Oplophoridae And Pasiphaeidae -- In Waters Off Southern California

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Content 72-11,946 I I MURILLO, Manuel Marie, 1938- DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY OF TWO FAMILIES OF NATANT DECAPOD CRUSTACEA — OPLOPHORIDAE AND PAS IPHAEI DAE — IN WATERS OFF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. University of Southern California, Ph.D., I971 Ecology Univereity Microfilms, A XEROX C om pany, A nn Arbor, M ichigan (e) COI"■■''RIGHT BY Manuel Maria Murillo 1^71 THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY OF TWO FAMILIES OF NATANT DECAPOD CRUSTACEA -OPLOPHORIDAE AND PASIPHAEIDAE- IN WATERS OFF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA by M a n u el M aria M urillo A D is s e r ta tio n P re se n te d to th e FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In P a rtia l F u lfillm en t of th e R equirem ents for th e D egree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (B iological S c ie n c e s) A ugust 1971 UNIVERSITY O F SO U T H E R N CA LIFO RN IA T H E G R A D U A TE S C H O O L U N IV E R S IT Y PA R K L O S A N G E L E S . C A L IF O R N IA SOOOT This dissertation, written by under the direction of A Dissertation Com mittee, and approved by all its members, has been presented to and accepted by The Gradu ate School, in partial fulfillment of require ments of the degree of MANUEL MARIA MURILLO D O C TO R OF P H IL O S O P H Y Date AuauaHSZl DISSERTATION COMMITTEE CkmirmmM PLEASE NOTE: Some Pages have Indistinct print. Filmed as received. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS T hanks are ex ten d ed to the U n iv e rsity of Southern C a li fornia and th e Allan H anco ck F oundation for the lab o rato ry f a c ili tie s and s p a c e u se d during th e p re se n t stu d y . I am g ratefu l to hav e had a c c e s s to the Library of M arine Biology and O cea n o g raphy of the Allan H ancock F oundation and th e help fu l a s s is ta n c e of th e Library s ta ff. I would lik e to e x p re s s my a p p re c ia tio n to Dr. Jay M . S a v a g e , G rant A dm inistrator for N , S . F , G rant No, G B -6 5 7 6 ,fo r providing support u n d er th e grant b etw een A ugust 1965 and July 1970. I am in d eb ted to the m em bers of my D is s e rta tio n Com m it t e e , D r, John S . G a rth , C h airm an , a n d D r s . B asil G . N a fp a k titis , R u ssel Zim m er, Jay M . S a v a g e , and Donn G o rs lin e , for th e ir a d v ic e , g u id a n c e , and c ritic a l rea d in g s of th e m an u scrip t. A ppreciation is e x te n d ed to th e C a p ta in of th e R/V VELERO IV, Fred Z le s e n h e n n e , and h is c re w for th e ir helpful a s s is ta n c e in the c o lle c tio n of the m a te ria ls s tu d ie d . li TABLE OF CONTENTS P age ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................. v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ............................................................................ v iii C h a p te r I . INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1 O b je c tiv e s H is to ric a l Review V ertical D istrib u tio n and M igration II. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA .............................. 17 I I I . METHODS AND MATERIALS .................................................. 62 S am pling G e a r S am ples M e asu rem en ts S am pling Program O b se rv a tio n s on Living S p ecim en s IV. THE MIDWATER OPLOPHORID AND PAS1PHAEID FAUNA OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA W ATERS 69 S p e c ie s A c c o u n ts , S ta tio n s from the W aters of the S a n ta C a ta lin a , S an N ic o la s , S an C le m e n te , and V elero B a s in s . Q u a lita tiv e O b s e rv a tio n s on th e S ta tio n s from W aters of th e S an Pedro C h an n el A C o m parison of th e O u te r S a n ta Barbara P a s s a g e and th e S an C lem en te Basin M a te ria ls ill P age V. DISCUSSION ...................................................................................... 182 S p e c le s C om position Population S ize H o rizo n tal D istrib u tio n V ertical D istrib u tio n and M igration R eproductive A ctivity E ffect of In c re a s e d D epth on C e rta in M orphological and E co lo g ical F e a tu re s of the P o p u latio n s of th e P elag ic D iv isio n VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................... 2 2 0 LITERATURE CITED .............................................................................................. 225 APPENDICES 1. S ta tio n D ata for the S an ta C a ta lin a , S an C le m e n te , San N ic o la s , V elero, and San Pedro B asins ................ 236 I I . In terp o lated D ata from CalCOFI S ta tio n s tak e n off Southern C a lifo rn ia ..................................................................... 295 I I I . T em perature Profiles Drawn from CalC O FI D ata . . .. 308 IV. S ta tio n L ists and Sam pling D ata for O plophorld and P a slp h a e id Shrim ps C o lle c te d in th e S anta C a ta lin a , S an N ic o la s , San C le m e n te , and Velero B a s in s ........................................................................... 311 iv USX OF TABLES T ab le P age 1. Basin s t a ti s t i c s .................................................................................. 21 2. F lu c tu a tio n s in th e m ean te n -m e te r tem p era tu re s in th e S a n ta C a ta lin a and S an C lem en te B asins . . . 4 4 3 . D epth d istrib u tio n of d a y and n ig h t sa m p le s In th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ...................................................... 67 4 . D epth d istrib u tio n of d a y and n ig h t sa m p le s in th e San C lem en te B asin ......................................................... 6 8 5. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a slp h a e a e m a rain ata ................................................................ 71 6 . S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for P a slp h a e a e m a rain ata ............................. 76 7 . P erce n tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a slp h a e a c h a c e i ....................................................................... 78 8. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for P a s lp h a e a c h a c e i .................................. 84 9. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a slp h a e a P a c ific a .................................................................... 86 1 0 . P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a slp h a e a c o rte z la n a ............................................................... 90 1 1 . S e a so n a l c h a n g e s In s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for P a s lp h a e a c o rte z la n a .............................. 92 12. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a ra p a slp h a e su lc a tifro n s ........................................... 95 13. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for P a ra p a slp h a e su lc a tifro n s ..................... 1 0 0 14. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for P a ra p a slp h a e c ris ta te ............................................................. 103 v T ab le P age 15. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for G lvphu s s p . £ .................................................................................... 106 16. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for H vm enodora fro n ta lis ..................................................................... 109 17. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s In s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for H vm enodora fro n ta lis .................................. 115 18. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les for H vm enodora qrggiljg ..................................................................... 120 19. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for H vm enodora a ra c llls ................................. 127 20. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les for H vm enodora g la c la lls ................................................................ 129 21. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for A canthephvra c u rtlro strls W o o d -M aso n .......................... 1 3 4 22. D ay and night records of num bers per tra w l-h o u r A canthephvra c u rtlro strls W o o d -M aso n .......................... 135 23. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s In s iz e range and num bers p er tra w l-h o u r for A canthephvra c u rtlro s trls ....................... 140 24. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les for A canthephvra c u rtlro s trls v a r. % Faxon ....................... 142 25. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for A canthephvra c u rtlro strls v a r. ^ 143 Faxon .................................................................................................. 26. P e rce n tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for AggnthgpfrVK* prjPHPta ................................................................ 147 27. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sa m p le s for S v s te lla s p ls brauerl .................................................................. 150 v i T a b le P age 28. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for S v s te lla s o ls brauerl ............................... 155 29. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les for S v s te lla s p is c r is ta te .............................................................. 157 30. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for S v s te lla s p is c r is ta te ............................... 162 31. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les for M enlnqodora m ollis .................................................................. 165 32. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for M enlnqodora m ollis ................................. 169 33. Num ber and d ep th d istrib u tio n of h a u ls ta k e n in the S a n ta C a ta lin a and San C lem ente B asins .... 175 3 4 . C a tc h e s of c a rld e a n shrim ps in c o lle c tio n s to v ario u s d e p th s in th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ......... 177 35. C a tc h e s of c a rid e a n shrim ps in c o lle c tio n s to v ario u s d e p th s in th e San C lem ente B asin ........... 179 v ii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS F ig u re P age 1 . L ocation of b a s in s in th e S outhern C a lifo rn ia Borderland .......................................................................................... 18 2. S e a s o n a l tem p eratu re p ro file s , 0-500 m e te rs , S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 25 3. S e a s o n a l tem p eratu re p ro file s , 0 -500 m e te rs , San C lem en te B asin ................................................................... 27 4. S e a so n a l tem p eratu re p ro file s , 0-500 m e te rs , S an N ic o la s B asin ........................................................................ 29 5. S e a so n a l s a lin ity p ro file s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 31 6 . S e a so n a l s a lin ity p ro file s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs, S an C lem en te B asin ................................................................... 33 7. S e a so n a l s a lin ity p ro file s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S an N ic o la s B asin ............... ................................................. 35 8 . S e a so n a l d is s o lv e d oxygen profiles , 0-5 0 0 m e te rs, S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 37 9. S e a so n a l d is s o lv e d oxygen p ro file s , 0-5 0 0 m e te rs , S an C lem en te B asin ................................................................... 39 10. S e a so n a l d is s o lv e d oxygen p ro files , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , San N ic o la s B asin ........................................................................ 41 11. Flow of bottom w a te r o v er th e S outhern C a lifo rn ia Borderland .......................................................................................... 43 12. T em perature profile for F eb ru ary , 0 -140 m e te rs , S an ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 46 13. T em perature profile for M ay , 0-1 4 0 m e te rs, S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 46 v iii F ig u re Page 14. T em perature profile for Ju n e, 0 -1 4 0 m e te rs, S an ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................ 46 15. T em perature profile for N ovem ber, 0 -140 m e te rs , S an ta C a ta lin a B asin ................................................................. 46 16. T em perature profile for F eb ru ary , 0-140 m e te rs , San C lem ente Basin ................................................................... 48 17. T em perature profile for M a y , 0-1 4 0 m e te rs , San C lem en te B asin ................................................................ 48 18. T em perature profile for A ugust, 0-140 m e te rs, San C lem ente Basin ................................................................ 48 19. T em perature profile for D e ce m b er, 0 -1 40 m e te rs, San C lem ente Basin .................................................................. 48 20. S e a so n a l tem p eratu re p ro file s, 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , for w a ters of the C a lifo rn ia C urrent ................................... 52 2 1 . T e m p e ra tu re -sa lin lty cu rv e s for th e borderland and C a lifo rn ia C urrent w a ters ........................................... 55 22. T e m p e ra tu re -sa lin lty d iagram s for four C alCO FI s ta tio n s ta k e n In th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin ................. 59 23. T e m p e ra tu re -sa lin lty diagram s for four CalCO FI s ta tio n s tak e n in the San C lem en te B asin .................... 61 24. S e a so n a l d istrib u tio n of o v lg ero u s fem ales of P a g jp h a g a e m a rg in a ta ................................................................. 75 25. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In the m ean s iz e and s iz e range for P a slp h a e a em arg in ata ..................................................... 75 26. S e a s o n a l d is trib u tio n of o v lg ero u s fem a le s of P a slp h a e a c h a c e i ....................................................................... 82 27. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for P a slp h a e a c h a c e i ........................................................................ 82 ix F igure Page 28. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In th e p e rc en ta g e of ovlgerous fem ales of P a rap a slp h a e su lc a tifro n s ............................ 99 29. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for P a rap a slp h a e su lc a tifro n s ............................................... 99 30. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In the p e rc e n ta g e of ovlgerous fem ales of H vm enodora fro n ta lis ..................................... 113 31. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In m ean s iz e and s iz e range for H vm enodora fro n talis ........................................................ 113 32. R elative ab u n d an ce of m ales and fem a le s of H vm enodora fro n ta lis from 500 to 1 ,2 50 m eters . . . 117 33. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in th e p e rc en ta g e of ovlgerous fem ales of H vm enodora g ra c ilis ........................................ 124 34. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for H vm enodora g ra c ilis .......................................................... 1 2 4 3 5 . R elative ab u n d an ce of m ales and fem a le s of H vm enodora g ra c ilis from 400 to l , 3 5 0 m e t e r s 126 36. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for H vm enodora g la c ia lis ........................................................ 132 3 7 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for A canthephvra c u rtlro strls ................................................ 139 38. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for A canthephvra c u rtlro strls v a r . ^ Faxon .................. 145 3 9 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In m ean s iz e and s iz e range for S v s te lla s p is braueri .......................................................... 154 4 0 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in the p e rcen tag e of ovlgerous fem ales of S v s te lla s p is c ris ta te ......................................... 161 4 1 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for S v s te lla s p is c ii s t a t a ....................................................... 161 x F ig u re P age 4 2 . S e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for M enlnqodora m ollis ...................................................... 168 4 3 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in num bers per tra w l-h o u r for th e oplophorld and p a slp h a e ld pop u latio n . . . 184 44. D ay and night d e p th d istrib u tio n of P a slp h a e a e m a rg in a ta ........................................................ 191 4 5 . D ay and n ig h t d ep th d is trib u tio n of P a slp h a e a c h a c e i ................................................................... 193 46. D ay and night d e p th d istrib u tio n of P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tifro n s ................................................... 196 47. D ay and n ig h t d e p th d istrib u tio n of H vm enodora fro n ta lis ........................................................... 199 48. D ay and night d e p th d is trib u tio n of H vm enodora g ra c ilis .............................................................. 201 4 9 . D ay and n ig h t d e p th d istrib u tio n of A canthephvra c u rtlro s trls W o o d -M aso n .................. 204 50. D ay and night d e p th d istrib u tio n of S v s te lla s p is b rau erl ........................................................... 206 51. D ay and n ig h t d e p th d istrib u tio n of S v s te lla s p is c r is ta te ................................... 207 52. V ariation in th e p e rc e n ta g e of to ta l fem ale oplophorld and p a s ip h a e id pop u latio n carry in g 216 ova through the y e a r ............................................. x i CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION O b je c tiv e s As a re s u lt of many stu d ie s c arrie d out during the p a s t h u n dred y e a rs , th e p e la g ic p o p u latio n of o c e a n ic w a te rs is now v iew ed a s a s e lf-re g u la tin g sy ste m of In terd e p en d e n t c o m p o n e n ts. The e c o lo g ic a l b a la n c e of th is com plex sy ste m d e p en d s upon th e num er o u s re la tio n s h ip s , m ainly tro p h ic , by m eans of w hich a larg e p o r tio n of th e energy of th e o c e a n is tra n sfe rre d . M id w ater n e k to n lc p o p u latio n s play a m ajor ro le in th e e n e r gy tra n s fe r from th e rich su rfa c e w a te rs to th e n u trie n t-d e p riv e d d e e p e r reg io n s of th e o c e a n . The d e ta ile d stu d y of th e stru c tu ra l and d is trib u tio n a l p a tte rn of th e s e p o p u latio n s Is th e ta s k of m odem p la n k to lo g y . This stud y is c o n cern ed w ith the co m p o sitio n a n d e co lo g y of th e c a rid e a n c ru s ta c e a n com ponent of th e p e la g ic p o p u la tio n s in h a b iting a lim ited area of th e h y d ro lo g lc a lly a n d b io lo g ic a lly com plex e a s te rn P a c ific O c ea n . A program d ire c te d tow ard th e e c o lo g ic a l in v e s tig a tio n of th e p e la g ic env iron m en ts a n d fauna o ccu rring In w a te rs off so u th ern C alifo rn ia w a s In itia te d by the Allan H ancock F oundation of th e U n iv e rsity of Southern C a lifo rn ia in 1960. A s e rie s of c ru is e s of th e R/V VELERO IV to th e lo c a l sh e lf an d o c e a n ic w a te rs h a s y ie ld e d 1 2 c o n sid e ra b le q u a n titie s of m idw ater a n im a ls. A sa m p lin g program u sin g and Is a a c s -K id d M id w ater Trawl (Isa ac s and K idd, 1953) h a s b e en c a rrie d o ut in th e s h a llo w in s h o re , in te rm e d ia te , and d e e p o ffshore b a s i n s . T he alm s of th e p re s e n t stu d y are (1) to p resen t a com plete a cc o u n t of th e m idw ater oplophorld and p a sip h a e id shrim ps In h a b it ing th e lo c a l s h e lf w a te r s , w ith e m p h a sis on th e sim ila ritie s and d iffe re n c e s b e tw ee n the m ateria ls c o lle c te d over th e S a n ta C a ta lin a and S an C lem en te b a s in s ; (2) to d is c u s s th e p a tte rn s of v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n and v e rtic a l m igration of th e s p e c ie s th a t are a d e q u a te ly re p re se n te d in th e c o lle c tio n stu d ie d ; (3) to determ in e ch an g e s In th e s e a s o n s ’ a b u n d an ce of th e common s p e c ie s ; and (4) to relate the hydrolo gic c h a ra c te ris tic s of th e stu d y a re a s to the d istrib u tio n and e co lo g y of the c a rid e a n d e c a p o d s th a t are found In th e s e a r e a s . The p re se n t stu d y Is a ls o co n ce rn e d w lth v a rlo u s a s p e c ts of the n a tu ra l h isto ry of th e c a rid e a n fa u n a , Including a c c o u n ts on the reproductive a c tiv itie s and o b se rv a tio n s of liv ing o rg a n is m s . H is to ric a l Review N ear the beginning of th is c en tu ry a num ber of v a lu a b le e x p e d itio n -re p o rts becam e a v a ila b le d e sc rib in g th e c a rid e a n d ecap o d fauna of v ario u s p arts of th e w orld. The inform ation o b ta in e d , a l though m ainly d e s c rip tiv e in n a tu re , ten d e d to su p p o rtth e is o la te d d a ta about o rg an ism s liv in g a t g re a t d e p th s a n d , to g e th e r w ith th e taxonom ic re c o rd , added im portant d a ta co n cern in g vertical and hor- 3 iz o n ta l d istrib u tio n . S everal reports on th e c a rid e a n shrim ps c o lle c te d by the ALBATROSS in th e n o rth e a ste rn P acific O cean (Faxon, 1893, 1895; R athbun, 1910; Schm itt, 1921) have been of g rea t h elp in th e d e te r m ination of v ario u s lo c a l form s. Valuable Inform ation Is Included in B ate's (1888) report on th e M acrura from th e CHALLENGER e x p e d itio n , A lco ck 's (1901) d e sc rip tiv e c a ta lo g u e of the Indian d e e p - s e a decap o d c ru s ta c e a n s , C o u tfe re 's (1905) study of th e m ateria ls c o l le c te d by th e PRINCESS-ALICE In th e M e d ite rran e an , H a n s e n 's (1908) report on the C ru sta c e a M a la c o stra c a of the D an ish Ingolf- E xpedition, K em p's (1906, 1910a, 1910b) stu d ie s on the D e ca p o d a- N atantla cap tu red off th e c o a s t of Irelan d , B a lss1 (1914, 1925) e x c e lle n t reports on the M acrura of th e VALDIVIA e x p e d itio n s. C a im a n 's (1925) rev isio n of th e decapod c r u s ta c e a n s from South African w a te rs , Boone's (1927) sc ie n tific re s u lts on th e m a te ria ls from th e PAWNEE c o lle c tio n s , C h a c e 's (1937, 1940) reports on the Tem pleton C ro c k er Expedition to th e G ulf of C alifo rn ia and th e w e st c o a s t of Baja C alifornia and h is w ell docum ented study of th e b ath y p elag lc carid ean d ecap o d s c o lle c te d during the Bermuda O c e a nographic E xpedition. V ertical d istrib u tio n and m igration A ccounts on v e rtic a l m igration of p lan k to n ic and nek to n ic organism s began ap pearing follow ing th e British CHALLENGER e x p e d itio n , Fuchs (1882), reporting on th e m aterial c o lle c te d during 4 th is e x p e d itio n , sta te d th a t c r u s ta c e a n s , among other a n im a ls , re* turn to the d a rk , deep w a ters during the d a y . M urray (1885) w as th e first to re a liz e the e x te n t of th e s e m igratory m ovem ents and su g g e ste d th a t som e organism s living a t v arious d ep th s down to and even d e ep e r than 200 m eters m igrate tow ard th e su rfa c e . Hjort (M urray and H jort, 1912) w a s ab le to d e te c t ch an g es In the depth d istrib u tio n of se v e ra l decapod s p e c ie s performing v e rtica l m igrations from daytim e d ep th s of 800 m eters o r m ore. E sterly (1912, quoted by R u sse ll, 1927), in v estig atin g th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of se v era l s p e c ie s of c o p e p o d s, in d icated th a t v e rtic a l m igrations occurred from d ep th s of 400 m eters. Boden (1950) and Brinton (1962) recorded e x te n siv e m igrations of sev eral s p e c ie s of eu p h au slid s off southern C a lifo rn ia . Brusca (1965) reported on the v e rtic a l m ovem ents of som e gamma rid am phlpods In w aters o ver th e Santa C a ta lin a B asin, off southern C a lifo rn ia . P earcy and F o rss (1966) p resen te d d ata on th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of sev eral o cean ic shrim ps off th e c e n tra l Oregon c o a s t. As more inform ation accu m u lated it becam e c le a r th a t the m ost a c tiv e m igrators belonged to th e n e k to n , th e m ovem ents along th e w a te r colum n not being confined to the e p lp e la g lc z o n e. M any d e e p - s e a an im als regularly change th e ir d e p th , the e x ten t of th e ir v e rtic a l d isp la c e m e n ts g en erally varying during their ontogeny. This a c tiv ity , c o n sistin g of a nighttim e r is e follow ed by a daytim e d e s c e n t, h a s been term ed "d iel v e rtic a l m igration" and is regarded a s a norm al behav io ral p a ttern for m ost p e la g ic organism s (Banse, 1964). The a v aila b le lite ra tu re on v e rtic a l m igration Is both e x te n siv e and c o n tro v e rsia l. M any e x p la n a tio n s, m ostly sp e c u la tiv e , have been advanced regarding the c a u s e s , m echanism s in v o lv e d , and th e adaptive sig n ific a n c e of th e se v e rtic a l m ovem ents. D esp ite the a tten tio n devoted to it, the phenomenon is s till poorly u n d ersto o d . Among the c o n tro v ersial is s u e s is th at of th e co nd itio ns d e term ining diel and o ther v e rtica l m ig rations. The lack of under standing com es in part from the fact th a t there has not alw ays been a c le a r d istin c tio n betw een the b a sic a sp e c ts of the phenom enon, m ainly the facto rs determ ining the v e rtic a l m o v em en ts, and th e adap tiv e v alu e or bio logical ad v an tag es derived by planktonic and nek- to n ic populations from th e s e v e rtic a l m ovem ents. The factors which can d ire c tly influ en ce and regulate v e rtic a l m igration have received great d e a l of a tte n tio n . C ushin g (1951), Balnbridge (1961), PSres and D eveze (1963), Raymont (1963), Banse (1964), and Vinogradov (1970) review ed th e a s p e c ts of v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n and v e rtica l m igration of planktonic and nek tonlc organism s and the param eters c o n sid ere d a s im portant. C han ges in tem perature of th e upper lay ers were considered by Chun (1886) to be th e c a u se of m igrations. Even if valid for the n e ar surface p lan k to n , this e x p la n atio n does not account for the m ovem ents of th o se organism s living below the th e rm o c lln e , where d a lly tem perature c h an g es , if an y , are very slig h t. T em perature, how ever, appears to be an im portant factor th a t lim its the 6 ex ten t of th e s e v e rtica l m ovem ents (M oore, £ l f l l . , 1953). Eyden (1923) su g g e ste d th a t dow nw ard m ovem ents in the e p ip e la g ic zone a re c a u se d by c y c lic c h a n g e s in sp e cific g rav ity . This idea w as c ritic iz e d by G ardiner (1933), w ho dem onstrated th at m igrants w ere Incapable of a ttain in g the rate of sinking known in m igrations if they depended only upon g ra v ity . Ever sin c e serio u s stu d ie s of v e rtic a l m igration b e g a n , light h a s been a ssu m e d to play a very im portant ro le a s a triggering fa c tor. Beginning w ith W eism ann (1874, quoted by Vinogradov, 1970), m ost of th e early w orks em phasized the a d a p ta tio n of the m igratory organism s to sp e c ific v a lu e s of lig h t in te n s ity . Rose (1925) dem on stra te d the e x is te n c e of zo n es of optimum lig h t In te n sitie s in the o c e a n s . R ussell (1927, 1931) provided p o s itiv e evid ence su p p o rt ing the role of lig h t a s a m ajor fac to r reg u latin g m igrations. From his experim ental work R ussell concluded th a t p e la g ic populations c o n cen trate in zo n es of optimum illum ination . D iel chang es in lig h t in te n sity c a u s e the p o pulatio ns to move v e rtic a lly , d escending w hen light in te n sity in c re a s e s or a sce n d in g w hen th e in ten sity d e c re a s e s . M ore rec en t experim ental work pro vid es a d d itio n a l evidence a s to the im portance of light a s a triggering fa c to r in v e rtica l m igration. For In s ta n c e , Hardy and Balnbrldge (1954) a n d Digby (1961) ind icate th a t different s p e c ie s have different lig h t in te n s ity p re fe re n c e s. W ith nektonlc C ru sta c e a p a rticip a tin g in diel m ovem ents e x tending from 200 to 600 or even 1 , 0 0 0 m e te rs , a num ber of q u e s tio n s are r a is e d , m ainly w ith re s p e c t to lig h t p e n etratio n in the o c e a n s a n d th e a b ility of d e e p - s e a o rg an ism s to d e te c t very low lig h t i n te n s i t ie s . U sing p h o to g rap h ic p l a t e s , M urray and H jort (1912) w ere a b le to d e te c t lig h t a t d e p th s below 500 m e te rs . C la rk e an d H ubbard (1959) found th a t the g r e a te s t d e p th s a t w hich d a y -n ig h t c h a n g e s in illu m in a tio n co u ld be d e te c te d w ere from 700 to 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs. A dditional e v id e n c e in su p p o rt of th e Im portant ro le p lay e d by d ie l c h a n g e s in ill um ination in th e v e rtic a l m ovem ents of n ek to n ic p o p u la tio n s cam e from th e d isc o v e ry of th e d e e p sc a tte rin g la y e r s , D S L 's, w hich a re broad z o n e s of d iffu se a c c o u s tlc re v e rb e ra tio n r e corded on e ch o so u n d e rs a t m id -d e p th s . D ie tz (1962) w a s a b le to show th e p re s e n c e of a lm o st u b iq u ito u s , d is c re te s c a tte rin g la y e rs th rou ghout th e te m p e ra te o c e a n s of th e w o rld . T h ese o c c u r roughly b e tw ee n 230 and 800 m eters during th e day a n d r is e a lm o st to th e su rfa c e a t n ig h t, w here th e y d iffu se or m erge in to a broad band of ap p ro x im ately 200 m e te rs . It w a s soon su g g e ste d and la te r found th a t th e s e d is c re te la y e rs w ere nothing e ls e but a g g re g a tio n s of d e e p - s e a o rg an ism s liv in g in d e e p , dim ly lit w a te rs in daytim e and a sc e n d in g only a t n ig h t to bro w se in th e rich upper la y e r s . Evi d e n c e g a th e re d from s e v e ra l s tu d ie s b efo re 1962 te n d to In d ic a te th a t th e pred o m in an t o rg an ism s in th e s e la y e rs w ere m y c to p h id s, s e r g e s t id e , and e u p h a u s iid s . T h ese o rg an ism s may be ta k e n in th e n e a r-s u rfa c e w a te rs a t night a n d a t th e very su rfa c e during dark n ig h ts . Barham (1963), reporting on h is d ire c t o b se rv a tio n s of D8 L*s from th e b a th y s c a p h e TRIESTE off San D ie g o , C a lifo rn ia , In d ic a te d a som ew hat d ifferen t co m p o sitio n of th e sc a tte rin g l a y e r s , w ith p h y so n e c tld sy p h o n o p h o res show ing th e b e s t and m o st c o n s is te n t s p a tia l re la tio n s h ip w ith th e D S L 's, e u p h a u s iid s b ein g common In the u p p er la y e r, and s e ig e s tld s ap p ea rin g In th e low er com ponent of th e D S L 's. L antern f is h e s w ere o b se rv e d only w e ll below th e recorded s c a tte rin g la y e r s . R eporting on som e re c e n t o b se rv a tio n s aboard th e SOUCOUPE, Barham (1966) found a s ig n ific a n t d ifferen ce in th e c o m p o s itlm of th e D SL's off Baja C a lifo rn ia w ith m yctophids occurring In larg e q u a n titie s on top of th e m ain sc a tte rin g la y e r. Vinogradov (1970) o b se rv e d th a t Ju s t before daw n th e n e ar su rfa c e bulk of n e k to n ic o rg an ism s in itia te s Its d e s c e n t, soon breaking In to s e v e ra l d is c re te b a n d s a cc o rd in g to optim um light v a lu e s for every s p e c i e s , the v e rtic a l sp re ad o f a p o p u latio n being a ttrib u te d to d iffe re n c e s In optimum lig h t a cc o rd in g to a g e and p h y sio lo g ic a l s ta te of th e o rg a n ism s. A ccording to D ie tz (1962) th e re a re th re e d is c r e te sc a tte rin g la y e rs off th e C a lifo rn ia c o a s t , w ith daytim e d e p th s reco rd ed a t ap p ro x im ately 3 1 0 , 4 6 0 , an d 630 m e te rs . The p re s e n c e of th e s e sc a tte rin g la y e rs h a s b e e n o b se rv e d by th is a u th o r from ech o so u n d in g s ta k e n ab o ard th e VELERO IV off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia during th e c o u rs e of th is stu d y . The b a n d s a re for th e m ost p a rt d is c r e te , su g g e stin g th a t th e co m ponent p o p u la tio n s are a d ju s te d to sp e c ific iso lu m e s. There se e m s to be enough e v id e n c e in d ic a tin g th a t lig h t is an im portant c o n tro llin g fa c to r in th e depth d istrib u tio n of n ek to n ic o rg a n ism s. L ig h t, h o w e v e r, d o e s not seem to o p e ra te a lo n e ; tem p e ra tu re , s a lin ity , and p re s s u re c h a n g e s m ay a c t a s co n d itio n in g f a c to r s . K now ledge a b o u t th e p a ra m e te rs c o n tro llin g v e rtic a l m ovem ents of b a th y p e la g ic p o p u la tio n s Is for th e m o st p a rt c o n je c tu ra l. Kampa and Boden (1957 ), stu d y in g lig h t g e n e ra tio n In a so n ic sc a tte rin g la y e r off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , found a c lo s e c o rre la tio n b etw een D SL's and b lo lu m ln e s c e n c e , su g g e stin g th a t lu m in e sc e n t a c tiv ity a c tu a lly I n c r e a s e s during th e p e rio d s of v e rtic a l m ig ratio n . The e x is t e n c e of p h y s io lo g ic a l d ie l rhythm s w a s p ro p o se d by C la rk e (1930) and th e id e a rev ie w ed by H arris (1963). B ack u s, fiL fll.. (1965), su g g e ste d th a t the d ire c t In flu en c e of lig h t c o n s titu te s a stro n g e r stim u lu s th an th e en d o g en o u s d ie l rhythm . The p o s s ib le role of p re s su re a s a n Im portant fa c to r w a s a d v a n c e d by P arker (1901) and E sterly (1912). M ore re c e n t in v e s tig a tio n s h av e fa ile d to find any re la tio n sh ip b e tw ee n v e rtic a l m igration a n d p re s s u re a lo n e . M oore and C orw lng (1956) e x p e rim e n ta lly show ed th a t the e ffe c t of illu m i n a tio n and tem p eratu re on m igration c h a n g e s w ith d e p th . T heir re s u lts seem to in d ic a te th a t m ig ratio n s a re th e c o n s e q u e n c e of th e com bined a c tio n of lig h t, te m p e ra tu re , and p re s s u re . Sm all o rg an is m s , &. j j . , c r u s t a c e a n s , a lth o u g h la c k in g a g a s b la d d e r, a re a p p a re n tly c a p a b le of s e n s in g c h a n g e s in p re s s u re b e c a u s e of th e ir sp e c ific c o m p re s s ib ilitie s w hich a re 15 to 40% lo w e r th an th a t of th e surrounding w a te r (E nright, 1963). D e s p ite th e a v a ila b le e v id e n c e In su p p o rt of lig h t a s th e most im portant stim u lus for th e d ie l v e rtic a l m ig ra tio n s, and of its com bined a c tio n w ith tem p eratu re, s a lin ity , and p re s s u re , none of th e s e facto rs o r com bination of them c a n sa tis fa c to rily ex p lain the w id e spread o ccurrence of th e phenom enon. We a r e , th e re fo re , led to su sp e c t th a t v e rtic a l m igration is in e s s e n c e an a d ap tatio n developed and e sta b lis h e d through th e p ro c e ss of ev o lu tio n . Its occurrence among q u ite d ifferen t and u n related groups of p e la g ic organism s can be explained only on th e b a s is of th e a d v a n ta g e s derived by plankton and nekton from th e s e m ig ratio n s. Several h y p o th e se s hav e been ad v an ced by stu d e n ts of v e rti c a l m igration in attem pting to ex p lain its b io lo g ical a d v a n ta g e s. Until no w , h ow ev er, nobody h as come up w ith an idea w hich could be co n sid ere d of u n iv ersal v a lid ity . It h a s been su g g e ste d th at the a d ap tiv e v a lu e of d iel v e rtic a l m igration is th e protection of h erb iv orous zo o p lan k ters from p red ato rs during daytim e in th e upper la y e rs . This id e a , held by se v era l so v ie t au th o rs (Koshov, 1963; N ik o laev , 1960; M a n te lfe l', 1961), sounds re a so n a b le in the c a s e of certain zo o p lan k ters undertaking e x te n siv e d ie l m ig ra tio n s, S e ra e ste s slm llls (Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966), but d o es not seem to be a p p lic a ble in c a s e s of organism s m igrating very short d is ta n c e s both in the upper and low er portions of th e p e la g ic d iv is io n . The a d v erse ef fe c t th at th e short w ave com ponents of so la r rad iatio n could have on planktonic o rg a n ism s, if co n tin u o u sly e x p o se d , h a s a ls o been u se d by som e au th o rs to ex p lain th e a d ap tiv e valu e of the daytim e sinking of p o p u latio n s living in th e surface w a ters (Johnson, 1964; V inogradov, 1954). The h y p o th e sis th a t v e rtic a l m igrations fa c ilita te th e ex ch an g e of g e n e tic m aterial by bringing c o n sp e c lflc p o p u latio n s In c lo s e proxim ity to e a c h o th er h a s been a d v an c ed by D avid (1961). According to him , through m igrations p o p u latio n s m aintain a c o n sta n t flow of h ered itary m aterial , In creasin g th e p o s s ib ilitie s for m utation and reco m b in atio n , e v en tu ally prom oting v a ria b ility and reducing the c h a n c e s of becom ing is o la te d . This w ould le a d to enrichm ent of th e g en e pools of the p o p u latio n s in v o lv e d , in c re a sin g the p o s s ib ilitie s of surviving d ra s tic environm ental c h a n g e s . Vertical m ovem ents through different ty p es of w a te r could a ls o aid in th e p reserv a tio n o f, and even fa c ilita te th e e x p an sio n of, th e range occu p ied by a p o p u latio n . On th e other h a n d , w ith su rfa c e and d e e p e r w a ters often moving in o p p o site d ire c tio n s , v e rtic a l m igrating organism s are h o rizo n tally tran sp o rte d back and forth, the n et re s u lt being th a t p o p u latio n s ten d to rem ain in th e sam e g e n e ra l a re a . M ackintosh (1937) b e liev e d th is to be th e c a s e In th e A ntarctic O cean . M cLaren (1963), In a review of the e ffe c ts of tem perature on the grow th of zo o p lan k to n , offers a n a lte rn a tiv e ex p lan atio n for ad ap tiv e v a lu e of v e rtic a l m igration in therm ally s tra tifie d w a te rs. Light and tem perature play a n Im portant role in controlling v e rtic a l m ovem ents. M igratory o rganism s are a c tiv e in the w arm , e n erg y - ric h , and d angerous upper w a ters during the n ig h ttim e , d e scen d in g to the e n erg y -p o o r, co o ler and dark er w aters during the d ay. M cLaren s u g g e sts th a t the a d ap tiv e v alu e c o n s is ts in the energy b o n u s sa v ed by th e o rg a n ism s, m ost of th e m etabolic p ro c e s s e s of 12 w hich ta k e p la c e in w a ters of low tem p era tu re s. The energy th u s sav ed could th en be in v e ste d in reprodu ction. This id e a , ho w ev er, does not a c c o u n t for m igrations reported from o c e a n s with c o ld e r surface w aters and w anner underlying o n e s , a s is th e c a s e in the A ntarctic O cean (F ra se r, 1936; M a c k in to sh , 1937). N one of th e above m entioned id e a s sa tis fa c to rily e x p la in s the w id esp read o ccurrence of m igrations d ie l, se a s o n a l o r o n to g en e tic . Each h y p o th e sis a c c o u n ts for only som e of the p a tte rn s know n to o c c u r, u su a lly on the b a s is of o b se rv a tio n s on p a rtic u la r s p e c ie s , in a p a rtic u la r a re a . The m ost probable e x p la n atio n for th e common o ccu rren ce of m igration in w a ters of a ll th e o c e a n s lie s in a com bi nation of a ll or m ost of the fac to rs propo sed so far. The study of the a v a ila b le records of d e p th -d lstrlb u tio n of c ru s ta c e a n d e c a p o d s show s th a t th e m ajority of the s p e c ie s a re b e n th ic , com paratively few s p e c ie s , th e holo p lan k to n lc form s, in h ab iting th e p e la g ic d iv is io n . Some groups of benthic c ru s ta c e a n s , e . £ . , Brachyura, E ryonidae, P ag u rld ae, and P a lin u rid a e , tem porarily go through a planktonlc mode of lif e . Among the perm anent in h a b it a n ts of th e p e la g ic environm ents a re m ost s p e c ie s of Ma crura- N a ta n tia . Five fam ilies of th e s e c tio n C a rld e a , Including not le s s than 45 s p e c ie s of th e fam ilie s B re sillld ae , O plophoridae, P a n d a lid a e , P a s lp h a e id a e , and P h y se to c a rld a e , are known to be p e la g ic . L ittle , h o w ev er, c a n be said ab o u t v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n and m igration from th e records of c a rld e a n s c o lle c te d during th e various d e e p -s e a e x p e - 13 d itlo n s . Large num bers of o rg an ism s w ere c a u g h t w ith open n e ts In v e rtic a l h a u ls . S ev eral s p e c ie s of p e la g ic shrim ps d e s c rib e d from bottom traw l sa m p le s w ere e v id e n tly ta k e n in th e p ro c e s s of lo w er ing or re trie v in g th e g e a r through th e w a te r colum n (B a le s, 1925; de M a n , 1920). Few sa m p le s of n e k to n ic shrim ps are a v a ila b le from v e rtic a l and h o riz o n ta lly h a u le d c lo s in g n e ts fish in g a t d iffe re n t d e p th s . The follow ing is a g e n e ra l rev iew of som e of th e more sig n ific a n t s tu d ie s on v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s; S te p h e n se n (192 3), in his sy s te m a tic trea tm e n t of th e M acrura c o lle c te d by th e THOR e x p e d itio n , in clu d ed v a lu a b le inform ation on th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s . Two s p e c ie s b elo n g ing to th e g e n u s P a s ip h a e a , found a t n ig h t a lm o st e x c lu s iv e ly in th e u p p e r 300 m e te rs , w ere only c a u g h t a t c o n s id e r a b le d e p th s during th e d a y . A nother p a s ip h a e ld , P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlf r o n s , w a s a lw a y s c ap tu red below 1 , 0 0 0 m e te rs . O ne s p e c ie s of A canthephyra w as not c ap tu red ab o v e 300 m eters a t n ig h t and only a p p e a re d in sa m p le s ta k e n below 1 , 0 0 0 m eters during th e d a y . H ym enodora g r a c ilis w a s found to m ig rate from 1 ,5 0 0 to 750 m e te rs , rem aining during th e d ay in th e lo w er 500 m eters of its ra n g e . H ym enodora g la c la lis w a s re la tiv e ly common in sa m p le s ta k e n below 1 , 0 0 0 m e te rs . W e ls h , (1 937), rep o rted on th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n and m igration of tw o s p e c ie s of O plophorldae from c o lle c tio n s ta k e n in th e S a rg a s s o Sea by m ean s of la r g e , h o riz o n ta lly h a u le d , c lo s in g n e ts . D lel v e rtic a l m igration of o v er 400 m e te rs , w ith d a y d e p th s 14 of 600 m eters or m ore, w ere found for A canthephyra purpurea an d S y s te lla s p ls d e b ills . W aterm an , fit. * (1939), w orking off C a p e M a y , N . J . , and u sin g th e sam e ty p e of g e a r , o b tain ed s e ria l sa m p le s from se v e n d ifferen t d e p th s , b e tw ee n 100 and 1 , 2 0 0 m e te rs. Two o p lo p h o rld s , H ym enodora a la c l a l l s and A cantheohvra purpurea. w ere c ap tu red in larg e num bers. H ym enodora g la c le lis w a s not c a u g h t during th e day tim e In w a te rs ab o v e 800 m eters and th e range of i ts v e rtic a l m ig ratio n s w a s found to be ap p ro x im ately 2 0 0 m e te rs . &. purpurea w a s found to perform e x te n s iv e d ie l m ig ratio n s of n e arly 600 m e te rs . One p a s lp h a e ld , P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tifr o n s , w a s a ls o c ap tu red in larg e num bers and found to m igrate from d a y tim e d e p th s of n early 800 m eters to a n ig h ttim e le v e l of 400 m e te rs , w ith Ju ven ile form s m oving in to th e upper m e so p e la g lc z o n e . C h a c e (1940) stu d ie d th e c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s ta k e n during the Bermuda O cean o g rap h ic E xp ed itio n . S in ce only open n e ts w ere u se d th rou ghout th e e x p e d itio n it Is d iffic u lt to reach any c o n c lu s io n s regarding th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of th e s p e c ie s stu d ie d . F urther m o re, a ll but one of th e h a u ls w ere ta k e n during d a y tim e , h e n ce little c a n be sa id a b o u t v e rtic a l m ig ratio n . Faxon (1895), Rathbun (1910) and Schm itt (1921) rep o rted on th e c a rld e a n and p e n a e ld e a n shrim ps c o lle c te d by th e ALBATROSS from th e north e a s te rn P a c ific . H o w ev er, m ost of th e s e c o lle c tio n s w ere m ade w ith bottom traw ls on th e c o n tin e n ta l s h e lf , and for th e s e re a s o n s it h a s b een very d iffic u lt to Infer a n y th in g a b o u t the d istrib u tio n and e co lo g y of th e o c e a n ic s p e c ie s . 15 M ore v a lu a b le In fo rm atio n m ay b e o b ta in e d th ro u g h th e stu d y of c o lle c tio n s m ade w ith tra w ls s p e c ia lly d e s ig n e d to o p e ra te in th e p e la g ic z o n e , i_. , th e Is a a c s -K ld d M id w a te r T raw l. O nly r e c e n t ly h a v e e x te n s iv e c o lle c tio n s b e e n m ad e u s in g th is ty p e of g e a r . A v a ila b le d a ta c a n b e u s e to d e s c rib e in g e n e ra l te rm s o n ly th e v e rtic a l d is trib u tio n o f c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s in a few lim ite d a r e a s of th e o c e a n s . V inogradov (1 9 7 0 ), u s in g th e d a ta from m a te ria l c o lle c te d d u r ing th e c ru is e o f th e VITYAZ in th e n o rth w e s te rn a n d e q u a to ria l p a rts of th e P a c ific O c e a n , c o n c lu d e d th a t th e d e c a p o d b io m a s s v a rie d c o n s id e ra b ly in d iffe re n t p a rts of th e o c e a n , b e in g u s u a lly q u ite la rg e a t d e p th s b e tw e e n 200 a n d 500 m e te rs . The m axim um d e p th re c o rd e d fo r c a rld e a n sh rim p s in th e s u b p o la r re g io n s of th e n o rth w e s te rn p a rt of th e P a c ific w ere a p p ro x im a te ly 5 ,0 0 0 m e te rs fo r H ym enodora q lac la U fi. H ym enodora fren tflllB , o n e of th e a b u n d a n t fo rm s, liv e s a t d e p th s b e tw e e n 750 a n d 1 ,5 0 0 m e te rs in th e K u rile - K am chatka a r e a , w h ile ju v e n ile form s o c c u r b e tw e e n 200 a n d 500 m e te rs . L im ited in fo rm a tio n i s a v a ila b le from th e n o r th e a s te rn p a rt of th e P a c ific O c e a n . P e a rc y an d F o rs s (1966) re p o rte d o n th e d e p th d is trib u tio n of s e v e ra l s p e c ie s of n e k to n lc shrim p c o lle c te d o ff O re g o n . A m o d ified s ix - f o o t Is a a c s -K ld d M id w a te r T raw l w a s u s e d to ta k e o b liq u e h a u ls b e tw e e n th e s u rfa c e a n d 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . N o a d u lt c a rld e a n form s w e re found to liv e e x c lu s iv e ly in th e u p p e r 200 m e te rs . Two s p e c ie s of th e g e n u s Pa a lp h a e a . £ . P a c ific a an d c h a c e i, w e re c a p tu re d w ith in th e e p ip e la g ic z o n e only a t n ig h t. The o p lo p h o rid s , H ym enodora f r o n ta lis , H . g r a c i l i s , an d S y s te lla s p ls b ra u e rl, w e re m o st a b u n d a n t In th e u p p e r m e s o p e la g lc w a te rs . N o to sto m u s ja p o n ic u s a n d A canthephyra c u rtlro s tr ls w e re n e v e r c a u g h t in th e u p p e r 200 m e te rs . P a ra p a s ip h a e s u lc a tifra is a n d P . c r ls ta ta w e re a lw a y s r e s tric te d to d e p th s b e tw e e n 500 an d 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . L ittle Info rm atio n is in c lu d e d reg a rd in g d ie l m ovem ents of th e s e la rg e n e k to n ic sh rim p s, m ainly b e c a u s e th e y w ere c a u g h t in sm all n u m b ers. B ecause of both th e la c k of la rg e c o lle c tio n s ta k e n a t d i s c re te d e p th s and th e fa c t th a t m ost of th e a v a ila b le m ld w a te r-tra w l m a te ria l h a s b e en ta k e n a t d e p th s not e x c e e d in g 700 or BOO m e te rs , th e lo w er lim its of th e v e rtic a l d is trib u tio n of m any b a th y p e la g ic c a rld e a n shrim ps a re not know n. The p re c e d in g review d o e s n o t c o n s id e r a ll th e a v a ila b le lite ra tu re on th e v a rio u s a s p e c ts of th e b io lo g y of p e la g ic c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s . A r^ itlo n a l in fo rm atio n may b e found in th e re fe re n c e s lis te d u n d er e a c h s p e c ie s a c c o u n t. CHAPTER II DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA The c o n tin e n ta l s h e lf off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia is p e c u lia r in h a v in g a s e r ie s o f b a s i n s , i s l a n d s , b a n k s , a n d tro u g h s w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o n s id e re d to h a v e g r e a te r a f f in itie s w ith th e c o n tin e n t th a n w ith th e d e e p o c e a n s (E m ery, 1 9 6 0 ). T his c o n tin e n ta l s h e lf , w h ic h e x te n d s s e a w a rd fo r 160 m ile s , c o n s titu te s th e c o n tin e n ta l b o rd er* la n d o f S h e p a rd an d Em ery (1941) b e c a u s e of th e to p o g ra p h ic c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s w h ich m ak e it d iffe re n t from th e r e la tiv e ly f l a t , s h a llo w - w a te r z o n e b o rd erin g m o st c o a s t s . 2 In th e 8 0 ,0 0 0 km a re a b o u n d e d by th e s o u th e rn C a lifo rn ia s h o re lin e o n th e n o r th e a s t, L a t. 3 4 ° 3 0 ' N . on th e n o rth , th e c o n ti n e n ta l s lo p e on th e s o u th w e s t, a n d L a t. 3 1 ° 30' N . on th e s o u th , th e re a re tw e lv e b a s in s a s w e ll a s p a rts of tw o m ore a t th e s o u th e rn b o u n d a ry (F ig u re 1 ). T h e se b a s i n s , a rra n g e d in su c h a fa s h io n a s to a p p e a r in p a r a lle l b e lts p ro g re s s iv e ly fa rth e r s o u th w a rd , h a v e bottom d e p th s ra n g in g from 627 to 2 ,5 7 1 m e te r s , a n d s i l l d e p th s from 474 to 1 ,9 0 2 m e te rs . The p r e s e n t stu d y i s b a s e d on s a m p le s a n d d a ta from th e San P e d ro , S an ta C a ta li n a , S an N ic o la s , S an C le m e n te , an d V elero b a s i n s . The S an P ed ro B asin l i e s b e tw e e n th e m a in la n d a n d S an ta C a ta lin a Is la n d ; t h e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin is lo c a te d s e a w a rd o f th e is la n d ; th e S an N ic o la s B asin e x te n d s b e tw e e n S an N ic o la s a n d S an C le m e n te is la n d s ; S an C le m e n te B asin is lo c a te d so u th w a rd from S an 17 Figure 1. M ap sh o w in g th e g e n e ra l lo c a tio n of th e b a s in s In th e S o u th ern C a lifo rn ia Border* la n d . B asin o u tlin e s a p p ro x im a te s ill d e p th . (M o d ified from E m ery, 1 9 6 0 ). 18 19 120° 11«o 118° \ SCR. v < 6 120° 119° 118° Basin abbreviations are: S. B. - Santa Barbara Basin L. Long Basin S. M. - Santa M onica Basin W. C. W est Cortes Basin S . CR. - Santa Cruz Basin E. C. East CorteB Basin S. P. - San Pedro Basin N. N. No Name Basin S. CAT . - Santa C atalina Basin V. - Velero Basin S. N. - San Nicolas Basin T. - Tanner Basin S. CL. - San Clemente Basin C le m e n te Is la n d ; a n d V elero B a sin l ie s s o u th w e s t from th e s o u th e rn en d of th e S an C le m e n te B a sin . B ath y m etric d a ta (E m ery, 1960) show th a t San C le m e n te i s a com pound b a s in , w ith s e v e r a l a re a s m uch d e e p e r th a n th e ir su rro u n d in g s on th e b a s in floor* T h e s e fo u r te e n b a s in s a re s o a rra n g e d a s to fo llo w th e re g io n a l s tru c tu ra l tre n d s ; th e y a re o rie n te d p a r a lle l to th e c o a s tlin e in a n o rth w e s t to s o u th e a s t fa s h io n w ith th e s i l l s e ith e r a t th e ir n o rth w e s t o r s o u th e a s t e n d s . O f th e b a s in s c o n s id e r e d in th is s tu d y , San P ed ro h a s th e s h a llo w e s t s i l l , 737 m e te r s , a n d V elero th e d e e p e s t , 2 ,0 4 6 m e te rs . S a n ta C a ta lin a a n d S an C le m e n te , from w h ic h m o st of th e m a te ria l s tu d ie d w a s c o lle c te d a n d th e c a rld e a n fa u n a s of w h ich a re c o m p a re d , h a v e s i l l s a t 1 ,0 5 6 a n d 1 ,9 5 3 m e te r s , r e s p e c tiv e ly . T ab le 1 (m o d ified from E m ery, 1960) sh o w s th e s t a t i s t i c s fo r th e b a s in s s tu d ie d . In o rd e r to d e te rm in e th e e f f e c ts of o c e a n o g ra p h ic c o n d itio n s on th e v e rtic a l m ig ra tio n , h o riz o n ta l a n d v e rtic a l d is tr ib u tio n of c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s , s e v e r a l h y d ro g ra p h ic d a ta h a v e b e e n u s e d . F or th e w a te rs o v e r th e S a n ta C a ta li n a , S an N ic o la s , a n d S an C le m e n te b a s in s s e a s o n a l d a ta h a v e b e e n a n a ly z e d . T h is In fo rm a tio n h a s b e e n o b ta in e d from th e re p o rts of th e C a lifo rn ia C o o p e ra tiv e F is h e r ie s In v e s tig a tio n (C alC O F I). F o r th e S a n ta C a ta lin a a n d San C le m e n te b a s in s th e s ta tio n s s e le c te d w e re ta k e n s e a s o n a lly b e g in n in g Ja n u a ry 1960 a n d e n d in g O c to b e r 1 9 6 2 . T h e se re a d in g s h a v e b e e n a v e ra g e d an d c o m p ared w ith s e a s o n a l re a d in g s o b ta in e d d u rin g 1 9 6 3 . The a v a ila b le in fo rm a tio n fo r th e S an P ed ro B asin i s ra th e r in c o m p le te . TABLE 1. Basin s t a tis tic s . (M ainly from Em ery, 1960). Basin N o. of Bottom Low est D iff. Area of Volume of s ills d ep th s ill depth betw een b a sin a t b a sin below (m) (m) s ill and s ill d epth sill depth bottom depth 9 ? (m) (km ) (km ) San Pedro 2 912 737 175 665 78 Santa C a ta lin a 2 1 ,357 982 383 2 ,1 4 0 89 San N ic o la s 1 1,833 1 ,1 0 6 727 2 ,6 6 0 931 San C lem ente 1 2 ,1 0 7 1 ,816 291 1 ,4 9 0 120 V elero 1 2 ,571 1 ,9 0 2 669 1 ,310 420 22 As fo r S an N ic o la s B a s in , fo u r C a lC O F I s ta tio n s w e re s e l e c te d , a ll o c c u p ie d in 1 9 6 3 . It h a s b e e n a s s u m e d th a t th e in fo rm a tio n u s e d i s illu s tr a tiv e of th e g e n e ra l p a tte rn of s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in h y d ro - g ra p h ic c o n d itio n s o c c u rrin g in th e stu d y a r e a s . F ig u re s 2 to 10 a re th e g ra p h ic re p re s e n ta tio n of th e in te rp o la te d d a ta fo r th re e C a lC O F I s ta tio n s o c c u p ie d in w a te rs o v e r th e S an ta C a ta li n a , S an C le m e n te , a n d S an N ic o la s b a s in s in tw e lv e c r u is e s d u rin g 1 9 6 3 . T h e se h y d ro g ra p h ic d a ta , to g e th e r w ith th o s e g a th e re d in th e p e rio d 1 9 6 0 -6 2 , h a v e b e e n su m m arized in A ppendix II. T h e s e d a ta show th a t th e s e a s o n a l flu c tu a tio n s o b s e rv e d in 1963 c lo s e ly c o rre s p o n d e d to th o s e o b se rv e d in th e th re e p re v io u s y e a r s . D ep th a n d in te n s ity of th e th e rm o c lin e w ere s tu d ie d from b a th y th e rm o g ra p h re c o rd s ta k e n d u rin g tra w lin g o p e ra tio n s . T e m p e ra tu re s a n d s a l in i t ie s w ith in e a c h b a s in a re n e a rly th e sam e from th e bottom to n e a r th e s ill d e p th o r lo w e s t p o in t on th e rim of th e b a s in . Emery (1954) c o m p a red te m p e ra tu re a n d s a lin ity re a d in g s b elo w s i l l d e p th fo r m o st of th e fo u rte e n b a s in s w ith o ld e r d a ta a n d found n o d e te c ta b le c h a n g e s . Show n b elo w a re a v e ra g e v a lu e s of te m p e ra tu re , s a l in i t y , an d d is s o lv e d o x y g en ta k e n b e tw e e n th e bottom a n d s ill d e p th of th e b a s in s s tu d ie d . T h e se v a lu e s , o b ta in e d from h y d ro c a s ts ta k e n from th e VELERO IV, g e n e ra lly a g re e w ith th o s e p re s e n te d by Em ery (1 9 5 4 ). The o b s e rv e d d if fe re n c e s in th e w a te rs o c c u p y in g th e v a rio u s b a s in s b elo w s i l l d e p th le d Em ery (1954) to th e c o n c lu s io n th a t th e 23 w a te r e n te rin g a b a s in m ay co m e from a d e p th o th e r th a n th a t of th e e x a c t lo w e s t p o in t of s i l l . B asin o O * S . o /o o C >2 m l/L S an P ed ro 5 .4 0 3 4 .3 0 0 .2 S an ta C a ta lin a 4 .0 2 3 4 .3 1 0 .4 San N ic o la s 3 .7 0 3 4 .5 2 0 .5 San C le m e n te 2 .6 1 3 4 .5 5 1 .3 V elero 2 .5 2 3 4 .6 0 2 .0 As to th e p a tte rn fo llo w e d by th e w a te rs m oving In to th e b a s in s * Em ery (1954) c o n s id e re d th a t th e y fu n n e l th ro u g h th e u n n am ed b a s in s o u th e a s t of V elero B a sin . The m ain w a te r flow se e m s to d i v id e In to th re e b ra n c h e s ; o n e p o rtio n e n te rin g th e S an C le m e n te Ba sin a n d c o n tin u in g in to S an N ic o la s B asin; a n o th e r b ra n c h flo w in g in to th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin* w ith p a rt of it c o n tin u in g an d Jo in in g th e th ird b ra n c h w h ic h flo w s in to th e San P edro B asin (F ig u re 11). T h is b o tto m w a te r o c c u rrin g a t th e d e p th of b a s in s i l l s h a s b e e n show n to h a v e a so u th e rn o rig in (S verdrup a n d F lem ing* 1941; Emery* 19 6 0 ). T he a rra n g e m e n t of th e b a s in s a n d th e ir upw ard e x te n s io n s In to is la n d s o r d e p th s s h a llo w e r th a n th e ir s i l l s m a k e s t h is w a te r m ovem ent p o s s ib le . It m ay b e n o te d a t th is p o in t th a t th e d e e p w a te r flo w in g o v e r th e b a s in s i l l s fo llo w s a n o rth w ard c o u rse * in c o n tr a s t to th e so u th w a rd flo w of th e s u rfa c e w a te r s . From th e in fo rm atio n sh o w n In F ig u re s 2 to 10 a n d from th e a v e ra g e v a lu e s of te m p e ra tu re * s a lin ity * a n d d is s o lv e d o x y g e n re c o rd e d b elo w s i l l d e p th In th e b a s in s o ff so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia i t i s c le a r th a t th e c h a r a c te r is t i c s o f th e w a te rs b elo w th e s i l l s h a v e n o re la tio n w h a ts o e v e r w ith Figure 2. S e a so n a l te m p e ra tu re p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S anta C a ta lin a B asin . (D ata from C alC O F I s ta tio n 9 0 .3 7 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , Ju ly , and O c to b e r, 1963). 24 Z5 T t W 1 « « * T O R t ( 0 C ) ui Figure 3. S e a so n a l te m p e ra tu re p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , San C lem en te B asin . (D ata from C alC O F I s ta tio n 9 3 .4 0 ; F e b ru a ry , A p ril, Ju ly , and O c to b e r, 1963). 26 DEPTH (m) 27 TEMPERATURE ( ° C ) 10 15 20 100- — FEB 400“ APRIL JULY OCT 500- Figure 4. S e a s o n a l te m p e ra tu re p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te r s , San N ic o la s B a sin . (D ata from C a lC O F I s ta tio n 9 0 .4 5 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , J u ly , an d O c to b e r, 19 6 3 ). 28 DEPTH ( m) 29 TEMPERATURE ( °C ) 10 15 20 100 200 300- FEB M AY JULY OCT 500 Figure 5. S e a so n a l s a lin ity p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S anta C a ta lin a B a sin . (D ata from C alC O F I s ta tio n 9 0 .3 7 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , J u ly , an d O c to b e r, 1963). 30 D E P T H (m) 31 100- 200 - 300" 400- SALINITY (° /o o ) ■JULY OCT 500- i F ig u re 6 . S e a so n a l s a lin ity p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , San C le m e n te B asin . (D ata from C alC O F I s ta tio n 9 3 ,4 0 ; F e b ru a ry , A p ril, J u ly , a n d O c to b e r, 1963). 32 DEPTH (m) SALINITY C °/o o ) 33.5 34.0 34.5 100 " 200 - 300“ - FEB APRIL 400 JULY OCT Figure 7. S e a s o n a l s a lin ity p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te r s , S an N ic o la s B a sin . (D ata from C a lC O F I s ta tio n 9 0 .4 5 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , J u ly , an d O c to b e r, 1 9 6 3 ). 34 DEPTH (m ) 35 SALINITY ( ° / o o ) 33 5 34.0 34.5 100 “ 300- MAY JULY OCT 500- Figure 8. S e a s o n a l d is s o lv e d o x y g e n p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te r s , S a n ta C a ta lin a B a sin . (D ata from C a lC O F I s ta tio n 9 0 .3 7 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , J u ly , a n d O c to b e r, 1 9 6 3 ). 36 DEPTH ( m) 37 DISSOLVED OXYGEN ( m l / L ) 1 3 5 100- 200- — FEB MAY 400- JULY OCT Figure 9 . S e a s o n a l d is s o lv e d ox y g en p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S an C lem en te B a sin . (D a ta from C alC O FI s ta tio n 9 3 .4 0 ; F e b ru a ry , A p ril, Ju ly , and O c to b e r, 19 6 3 ). 38 DEPTH (m ) D ISSO L V E D OXYGEN ( m l/ L ) 39 1 3 5 100- — FEB APRIL JULY 400- OCT F ig u re 10. S e a so n a l d is s o lv e d o x y g en p r o f ile s , 0 -5 0 0 m e te rs , S an N ic o la s B asin . (D ata from C alC O F l s ta tio n 9 0 .4 5 ; F e b ru a ry , M a y , J u ly , a n d O c to b e r, 1963). 40 DEPTH Cm) 41 DISSOLVED OXYGEN ( ml/L ) 1 2 3 100- 300- — FEB MAY JULY OCT Figure 11 Flow of bottom w a te r o v er th e so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia b o rd e rla n d . (M odified from E m ery, 1954). 42 43 120° 1190 1180 B S.M. 4 4 th e p ro c e s s e s affectin g th e su rface w a ters In the reg io n . Tem perature p ro files drawn from bathytherm ograph data a re shown in Figures 12 to 19. T hese cu rv es c lo s e ly correspon d w ith th o se shown in Appendix III, drawn from the data of th e C alC O FI c ru is e s to the Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem ente b a s in s , and are il lu stra tiv e of the d istrib u tio n o f, and se a s o n a l c h an g e s in , tem peratures In the uppers la y e rs of w a te r over th e two b a s in s . Table 2 show s th e variatio n in th e mean te n -m e te r tem peratures over Santa C a ta li na and San C lem ente b a sin s over a te n -y e a r period. Table 2. F lu ctu atio n s in th e m ean te n -m e te r tem p eratu res over Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem ente b a s in s . (Data from C alC O FI for the period 1950-59). W aters over the W aters over the M onth Santa C a ta lin a Basin (M ean 10 m T°C) San C lem ente Basin (M ean 10 m T°C) January 14.35 14.49 February 14.13 14.46 M arch 14.1 0 14.41 April 14.73 14.92 May 15.55 15.74 June 1 6 .8 7 16.60 July 18.19 17.91 August 19.33 18.93 Septem ber 19.87 19.20 O ctober 18.14 18.29 N ovem ber 17.04 17.02 D ecem ber 1 5.88 16.03 The data in Table 2 and F igures 12 to 19 show a m arked se a s o n a l flu ctu atio n w ithin th e upper 140 m eters of w a te r over the b a sin s stu d ie d . An In c re a se in tem perature o ccu rs throughout the F ig u re s 12 1 5. Tem perature p ro file s, 0-140 m eters, S an ta C a ta lin a B asin. (Data from VELERO IV s ta tio n s 13633, 13988, 14191 , 14326). 45 46 © C Dm 20 - 100- 140- FIG.12 Dm 20- 60- 100- STA.14326 140- Dm 20- 80- 100- STA. 14191 140- FIG. 13 70- 60- 100- 140- FIG.14 FIG.15 F ig u res 16 to 19. T em perature p ro f ile s , 0 -1 4 0 m e te rs , San C lem en te B asin. (D ata from VELERO IV s ta tio n s 1233 3, 12526, 13978, 14190). 47 o c 10 Dm 60- 100- STA.13978 140- FIG. 16 oc 10 14 18 Dm 20- 60- 100- STA.12333 140- FIG. 18 48 °C 10 14 18 Dm 20 “ 60- 100- 140- FIG . 17 Dm 20- 100- STA. 12528 140- FIG.19 STA.14190 49 summer m onths b e c a u s e of th e prolonged in so la tio n . In re s p o n se to th is in c re a s e d in te n sity of so la r rad ia tio n th ere o ccu rs a chang e in both depth and m agnitude of th e th erm o clin e. Due to th e d e c lin e in surface tem p eratu res and th e mixing of upper w a te rs occurring during th e w in ter m onths no d isc e rn ib le therm ocline a p p e a rs . The su rface w a te rs o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a , San C le m e n te , and San N ic o la s b a s in s show a reduction in th e ir sa lin ity during la te fall and w in te r, a ttrib u ta b le to a reduced rate of evap oration b e c a u se of l e s s In te n se In so la tio n . During 1963 a perm anent h a lo c lln e w a s p re s e n t at d e p th s ranging from 75 to 200 m e te rs. The e x te n t of th is h a lo c lln e w as reduced during the m onths of in c re a s e d su rface tem perature and sa lin ity . According to D odlm ead, (1963)/ a sh arp h a lo c lln e b etw een 100 and 200 m eters is c h a ra c te ris tic of th e e p lp e la g lc w a te rs of th e tem p erate reg io n s in the North P a c ific . A m inim al s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in d isso lv e d oxygen c o n ce n tra tio n h as a ls o been o b serv ed In th e upper 30 m e te rs. The in c re a s e d oxygen c o n ce n tra tio n m easu red during the spring m onths w as alw ay s a s s o c ia te d w ith low su rface te m p e ra tu re s. According to Sverdrup, flL a l . (1942), th is com bination of high oxygen v a lu e s and low tem p era tu re s is in d ic a tiv e of upw elllng o r mixing during w hich d e e p , n u tri e n t-ric h w a te rs reach th e su rfa c e n e a r the c o a s t. O xygen d e c r e a s e s rapidly from 5 .3 to 6 .3 m l/L n ear th e su r fa c e to ab out 0 .5 m l/L a t 500 m e te rs. In the d eep b a s in s , minimal oxygen v a lu e s hav e b een record ed by th is au th o r at approxim ately 50 650 m eters. An In c re a se in oxygen co n cen tratio n o c cu rs w ith depth below th e oxygen minimum lay er. The surface w a ters so u th e a s t of Point C o n c e p tio n , Including th e w a te rs over th e San P edro, Santa C a ta lin a , San N ic o la s , and San C lem en te b a s in s , c o n stitu te p art of an eddy p re se n t every month of th e y e a r e x ce p t April (S ch w artzlo se, 1963). To th e e a s t of th is ed d y , or co u n te rclo ck w ise g y re , th e su rface w aters move to th e s o u th e a s t, flow ing along the c o a stlin e to M exico, O ffshore, w e s t w ard of th e g y re , flow s th e C alifo rn ia C u rren t, a nam e ap p lied to southw ard flow along the c o a s t of North America betw een 4 8 ° N , and 2 3° N . The C alifornia C urren t Is p art of the g rea t c lo c k w ise c irc u latio n of th e N orth Pacific O cean . Here S ubarctic w a te r gradually m erges w ith w a ter from th e E quatorial W ater M a s s . D e taile d d e sc rip tio n s of th e current sy ste m s off southern C alifornia may be found in Reid, e& _ a l . (1958)# and Emery (i9 6 0 ). S easo n al flu ctu atio n s in w a te r tem perature for w aters of the C alifornia C urrent are show n in Figure 20. D ifferences in w a ter tem perature betw een the C alifo rn ia C urrent and th e sh e lf area may be se e n fay com paring F igures 2 to 5 w ith Figure 20. The w a ters of the m ain current are g e n e ra lly co ld er b e c a u se of th e c o n sta n t rep lacem en t by co ld w a ters of su b a rctic origin. The warm tem pera tu re s recorded o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem en te b a sin s during th e sum m er and early fall m onths in d ic a te th e p re se n c e of th e larg e lo c a l co u n te rclo ck w ise g y re. The p attern of w ater c irc u la tio n in the C h an n el Isla n d region Figure 20. S e a so n a l tem p eratu re profiles , 0 -5 0 0 m eters for w a ters of th e C a lifo rn ia C u rre n t, off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , 33° 10* N , I 23° 1 2 ’ W . {Data from CalCO FI s ta tio n 8 0 ,9 0 ; Jan u ary , A pril, Ju ly , and O c to b e r, 1963). 51 DEPTH (m) 52 TEMPERATURE (<>C) 10 15 20 100 " 300- JAN APRIL JULY OCT 500- 53 Is d is c u s s e d by S c h w a rtz lo se (1963), A s e r ie s of sm a ll e d d ie s form s w ith in th e la rg e c o u n te rc lo c k w is e g y re . B ecau se o f th is com p lic a te d e d d y -s y s te m and th e re s u ltin g high d e g re e of m ixing it Is rath e r d iffic u lt to Id en tify c le a rly d ifferen t w a te r m a s s e s off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . It seem s c e rta in though th a t w arm er an d more s a lin e w a te r of so u th ern origin m oves Into th e sh e lf a re a a t d e p th s below 200 m e te rs . A zo n e of m ixing of no rth ern and so u th e rn w a te rs e x i s t s a t d e p th s b etw een 200 and 300 m e te rs . F igure 21 sh o w s five te m p e ra tu re -s a lln lty (T-S) c u rv e s for w a te r below 200 m e te rs . Two of th e s e c u r v e s , D and E , re p re se n t th e c h a ra c te ris tic T-S re la tio n sh ip for northern a n d so u th ern w a te r s , re s p e c tiv e ly ; c u rv e s B and C w ere draw n b a se d on C alC O F I d a ta fo r th e Santa C a ta lin a (Ej and San C lem en te (C) b a s i n s , and a re in d ic a tiv e o f th e e x te n t of m ixing o ccu rrin g b e tw e e n 200 a n d 300 m eters in both b a s in s ; cu rv e A is re p re s e n ta tiv e of th e w a te rs flow ing w e stw a rd to th e P atton E sc arp m ent. S ev eral in v e s tig a to rs (Sverdrup and F le m in g , 1941; Reid, ££_ aL* * 1956; S c h w a rtz lo s e , 1963) in d ic a te th a t during th e fa ll and e a rly w in ter w a te r of so u th e rn o rig in , u s u a lly flow ing a t d e p th , forms a t th e su rfa c e w e ll on th e In sh o re sid e of th e m ain c u rre n t and e x te n d e from th e tip of Baja C a lifo rn ia to north of Point C o n c e p tio n , w here it is term ed th e D a v id so n C u rre n t. During th e e arly spring th e su rfa c e c o u n te rc u rre n t b eco m es strong p a s t P oint C o n c e p tio n , m oving northw ard to British C olum bia a t s p e e d s of 0 .5 to 0 .9 knot for s e v e ra l hundred m ile s . Figure 21. T em perature - s a lin ity ( T - S ) c u rv e s fo rth e In term ed iate w a te rs (B and C) a s com pared w ith the C a lifo rn ia C urren t w a te r (A). The c u rv e s D and E for northern and so u th e rn w a te rs are b a s e d on d a ta from CalCO FI s ta tio n s o c cu p ied off San F ra n c is c o and off Baja C a lifo rn ia , re s p e c tiv e ly . 54 TEMPERATURE ( °C) b) , U * 0 0 Off th e so u th ern C a lifo rn ia c o a s t the so u th ern e lem en t of th e tra n s itio n region b e tw ee n S u b a rc tic , C e n tra l P a c if ic , a n d E quatorial W aters h a s been stu d ie d by Reid (1962). At a d ep th of 250 m eters a northw ard flow of more so u th e rly w a te rs forty m ile s w ide w ith maximum sp e e d of 0 .4 4 k not o c cu rs w e stw a rd of th e 1 ,0 0 0 -fa th o m c o n to u r. Beyond th e w e ste rn m argin of th is c o u n te rcu rre n t a so u th w ard flow is found a t th e sam e d e p th . F urther o ffsh o re , beyond the 2 ,0 0 0 -fa th o m le v e l, a t 2 50 m e te rs , w a te r m oves in a n o rth -to -n o rth - e a stw a rd d ire c tio n , e v e n tu a lly turning so u th e a s tw a rd a s it jo in s the s o u th e a s t flow . F ig u res 22 and 23 show te m p e ra tu re -s a lln lty re la tio n s h ip s fo r w a te rs o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a a n d San C le m e n te b a s i n s , b a se d on d a ta from C alC O F I re p o rts. O n e -y e a r rec o rd s w ere u se d for e a c h of th e tw o b a s in s . Both c u rv e s a re in d ic a tiv e of a re a s of g r e a te s t s ta b ility uniform th ro ughout the y e a r and c le a rly d e p ic t th e tr a n s i tio n a l n a tu re of th e lo c a l w a te r s . Above th e 1 0 0 -m eter l e v e l, no rth ern w a te r p re d o m in a te s. A p ro g re s siv e ch an g e in tem p era tu re and s a lin ity o c c u rs w ith d e p th , th e c h a r a c te r is tic s of th e w a te rs found b etw een 100 and 200 m eters resem b lin g th o s e of th e N orth P a c ific C e n tra l W a te r a s show n in S v erd ru p , fll. (1942). As a c o n s e q u e n ce of th e c o u n te rc lo c k w is e gyre p r e s e n t during m ost of th e y e a r , w a te rs of so u th ern origin flow in to th e b a s in s a t d e p th s below 200 m e te rs , c o n trib u tin g to th e tra n s itio n a l n atu re of th e w a te rs off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . The im po rtance of th is so u th ern w a te r dim in is h e s tow ard th e n o rth , but it is s till p re s e n t a t 4 2 ° N , in th e 500- 57 to 800-m eter le v e l, w here it w as d e te c te d by th e NORPAC c ru ise (Reid, fli a l * , 1958). Figure 22. C o m p o site te m p e ra tu re -s a lin ity (T-S) diagram for four C alC O F I s ta tio n s o c c u p ie d over the Santa C a ta lin a Basin in 1963. 58 TEMPERATURE <«C) 1 ____________________________ • • * * N O _L w -w b (A > f w -w i sO Figure 2 3 . C o m p o site te m p e ra tu re -s a lin lty (T-S) diagram for four C alC O F I s ta tio n s o c c u p ie d o v er th e San C le m e n te B asin In 1963. 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) 61 SALINITY (%o) 33.0 34.0 35.0 15- 40- CHAPTER III METHODS AND MATERIALS Five of th e fo u rteen b a sin s w ere sam p led : S an P edro, a sh a llo w In sh o re b a s in ; S an ta C a ta lin a , an in te rm e d ia te b a sin both in d ep th and in d is ta n c e from th e c o a s t; San N ic o la s , San C lem en t e , and V elero, th ree d eep offshore b a s in s . M ost of the sa m p le s from the S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin w ere tak e n m onthly. S am ples from o th er b a s in s w ere ta k e n a t irre g u la r In terv a ls b e tw ee n D ecem b er 1960 and February 1970. Sampling gear M o st of th e m aterial s tu d ie d w as ta k e n w ith a te n -fo o t Is a a c s -K id d M id w a ter T raw l (IKMWT). The traw l is b u ilt so th a t th e a n te rio r portion of th e net is m ade of an in n e r , |- i n c h m e s h , p ro tec te d by an o u te r h e av y la y e r for stre n g th and to prevent dam age, th e afterm ost part being eq u ip p ed w ith a sta n d a rd o n e -m e te r p lan k ton n e t. W hen fu lly a sse m b le d th e traw l is 60 fe e t in le n g th . The mouth of the tra w l, w h ich i s 100 sq u a re fe e t in a re a , is kep t open b y an u p p e r, h e av y s p re a d e r bar and a s ta b iliz in g lo w er w ing. A d e ta ile d d e s c rip tio n of th e traw l m ay be found in I s a a c s and Kidd (1953). The IKMWT h a s b e en w id ely u s e d and proven e ffic ie n t in c o lle c tin g d e e p - s e a c ru s ta c e a n s a s w ell a s f is h e s (B rlnton, 1962). The tow ing procedure u s e d during th e p re s e n t su rv e y w as a s follow s: a ll th e to w s w ere h o riz o n ta l, th e n e t w as low ered a t 60 62 63 m eters p e r m inute to th e d e s ire d d ep th w h ile the v e s s e l m oved a t s p e e d s of 1 .5 to 2 k n o ts . O nce th e required am ount of tow ing w ire w as p a id out th e c h ip 's sp e e d w a s in c re a s e d to 3 .5 to 4 k n o ts , so th a t th e an g le of th e w ire w a s m ain tain ed a s c lo s e to 70° a s p o s s i ble; th e n e t w a s re trie v e d a t 50 m eters p e r m in u te. The sta n d ard tow ing tim e w a s tw o hours fo r th o s e h a u ls ta k e n b e tw ee n th e d e p th s of 200 an d 800 m e te rs . In h a u ls ta k e n a t g re a te r d e p th s , b etw een 900 and 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs , co m p arab le e ffic ie n c y w a s o b ta in e d by in c re a s in g th e tim e a t d ep th up to four h o u rs; th e s e fo ur hours did not in c lu d e low ering and h au lin g in of th e n e t. For th e sh a llo w -w a te r h a u ls , very few of w hich have b een c o n sid e re d in th is s tu d y , th e fish in g tim e w a s freq u en tly red u ced in order to p rev en t dam age to th e c a tc h b e c a u s e of th e larg e q u a n titie s of c te n o p h o re s a n d tu n ic a - t e s a c c u m u la te d in th e cod e n d . A Benthos D epth R ecorder w as u se d to determ in e sam p le depth for m ost of th e s ta tio n s . For th o s e s ta tio n s in w h ich a d ep th r e co rd er w a s not u s e d , d e p th s w ere com puted by tria n g u la tio n . W ith 1 ,0 0 0 m eters of w ire o u t, th e d ep th of traw l c a lc u la te d by tria n g u la tio n w a s show n to d iffe r by 20 m eters from th e tru e d ep th r e corded by th e D epth R ecorder. The d e p th s u s e d in th is study re p re s e n t th e c lo s e s t ap p roxim ation to th e a c tu a l fish in g d e p th s . In sp ite of th e a p p a re n t a c c u ra c y of the Benthos D epth R ecorder, th e depth re c o rd s m ay be in som e erro r for tw o re a s o n s : (l) a s w a s o b v io u s from th e c o n tin u o u s tra c e o b tain ed from th e Benthos D epth Re c o rd e r, a n d h a s a lre a d y b een p o in te d o u t by A ron, sL fli* (1964) and Brusca (1965), th e IKMWT d o e s not m ain tain a s ta b le fish in g d ep th ; on th e c o n tra ry , th e traw l sin k s rap id ly a s th e s h ip 's s p e e d is* for one re a s o n or a n o th e r, re d u c e d , th e m agnitude of sin k in g d epending on th e len g th of w ire out; (2) s in c e th e n e t rem a in s open a t a ll tim e s , sta te m e n ts co n cern in g th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of o rg ailsm s c o lle c te d in th is m anner sh o u ld be reg a rd ed w ith som e re s e rv a tio n . A n e w , a c o u s tic a lly c o n tro lle d , o p e n in g -c lo s in g m id w ater traw l (ACMWT) cu rren tly in u s e on th e VELERO IV h a s m ade it p o s s ib le to o b tain an idea of th e d e g re e of contam ination of th e sa m p le s ta k e n w ith th e open n e t a t d iffe re n t d e p th s . Sam ples As soon a s th e n e t re a c h e d th e su rfa ce th e bulk of th e sam p le w a s p la c e d in a la rg e c o n ta in e r w ith co ld s e a - w a te r . Living c a rld e a n s w ere im m ed iately tra n sfe rre d to a q u aria k e p t a t a te m p e ra ture sim ila r to th a t of th e w a te r a t traw lin g d e fth . T h ese sp e c im e n s w ere u se d to m ake o b s e rv a tio n s a n d th o s e a n im a ls show ing no sign of dam age w ere tra n s fe rre d to th e la b o r^ o ry a s h o re fo r fu rth er o b s e r v a tio n . The bulk of e a c h c a tc h w a s Im m ediately p re s e rv e d in 10% buffered form alin and ta k e n a s h o re for fu rth er s tu d ie s . The c a rld e a n s w ere d eterm in ed to s p e c i e s , m e a s u re d , and se x e d ; a n d n o ta tio n s regarding th e ir rep ro d u c tiv e c o n d itio n s w e re m ad e. The m a te ria l w a s th en p re se rv e d in 70 % a lc o h o l and sto re d a t th e A llan H ancock F o u n d a tio n , w h ere it is a v a ila b le for further s tu d ie s . 65 M e asu re m e n ts The sta n d ard m easu rem en t u s e d Is th e c a ra p a c e len g th (C .L .) m e a su re d from th e p o s te rio r m argin to th e hind m argin of th e o rb it. This h a s b een c o n sid e re d a s a re lia b le c rite rio n by C h a c e (1940), Y aldw yn (1962), and F o rss (1965). Although it d o e s not g iv e an id ea of th e e n tire s iz e of th e o rg a n is m s , and althou gh the ra tio of c a ra p a c e len g th to abdom en len g th d o e s not rem ain constant* It h a s b e en c o n sid e re d more a c c u ra te th an th e to ta l le n g th . In both o plo p h o rid s and p a s lp h a e id s it i s ex trem ely d iffic u lt to e x te n d the abdom en to its f u lle s t le n g th a fte r th e a n im als h av e been p re se rv e d in form alin for any length of tim e . The len g th of th e rostrum v a rie s so much am ong th e d ifferen t s p e c ie s th a t its c o n sid e ra tio n w ould c e rta in ly g iv e m isle a d in g m e a su re m e n ts. S iz es of a ll s p e c im e n s , u n le s s o th e rw is e In d ic a te d , refer to c a ra p a c e le n g th . In order to com pare one s p e c ie s w ith a n o th e r it w a s found a p p ro p ria te to u s e th e c a ra p a c e len g th of young m a le s In w h ich the a p p en d ix m a sc u lin a w a s not co m p lete ly d e v e lo p e d . C h a c e (1940) found th a t th is a p p e n d ix h a s su ch a rap id grow th ra te th a t th e c a r a p a c e s c a rc e ly in c r e a s e s more th an one m illim eter from th e moment th e a p p en d ix f ir s t a p p e a rs u n til it a tta in s its to ta l le n g th . For sp e c im e n s from both Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem en te b a s in s th e sta g e a t w hich th e a p p e n d ix m a sc u lin a firs t a p p e a rs is fa irly c o n s ta n t. It is re a liz e d th a t th e s iz e of th e s m a lle s t e g g -la d d e n f e m ale is a ls o a re lia b le co m p arativ e criterio n ; h o w e v e r, la rg e num b e rs of fe m a le s in su ch c o n d itio n a re req uired to d e te rm in e th e 66 m e a su re m e n ts , and th is w a s not a lw a y s th e c a s e In th e c o lle c tio n s from th is a re a . A record w a s m ade of the to ta l num ber of sp e c im e n s ta k e n from e a c h s ta tio n . Some sa m p le s c o n ta in e d larg e num bers of P asiD haea q h a c e i a n d /o r H vm enodora fro n ta lis ; in su c h c a s e s th e o rg an ism s w e re so rte d out a n d a llq u o te d in o rd er to m ea su re and s e x them . Sam pling program A ppendix I, A -E , l i s t s the s ta tio n s w hich w ere u s e d in th is stu d y . All a v a ila b le inform ation is g iv en for e v ery s ta tio n . Re co rd s of th e n ig h t and day tra w ls ta k e n o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a and San C le m e n te b a s in s a re show n in T ab les 3 a n d 4 , r e s p e c tiv e ly . A d is tin c tio n b etw een th e day and n ig h t traw ls w a s b a s e d on th e follow ing c rite rio n : h a u ls w ith m id p o in ts b e tw ee n 0600 and 1800 w ere c o n sid e re d a s d aytim e h a u l s ; h a u ls w ith m idpoints b etw een 1800 and 0600 w ere reg a rd ed a s n ig h ttim e s a m p le s . O b se rv a tio n s on liv in g sp e c im e n s N um erous o b s e rv a tio n s w ere m ade on liv in g o p lo p h o rid s an d p a s lp h a e id s . Some a n im als w e re o b se rv ed only for a few m inutes aboard th e VELERO IV. F req u en tly th e o rg an ism s w e re ta k e n to th e laboratory a s h o re and k ep t th e re for p e rio d s of s e v e r a l w e e k s . A canthephvra c u rtlro s tris a n d S v s te lla s p ls b rau erl w e re k e p t a liv e for up to e ig h t w e e k s . N o te s w ere ta k e n on th e ir s p a tia l o rie n ta tio n and swim m ing a c t iv i t ie s . 67 Table 3. D epth d istrib u tio n of day and night sam p les tak e n In w a ters over th e Santa C a ta lin a Basin. Depth range Number of Total num ber of (m) sam ples traw ling hours DAY 0 - 50 1 1 5 0 - 100 1 1 100- 200 8 14 2 0 0 - 300 16 2 8 .5 300- 400 16 32 4 0 0 - 500 14 25 500- 600 16 33 600- 700 8 16 700- 800 6 14 8 0 0 - 900 9 25 900-1000 (plus) 19 63 NIGHT 0 - 50 20 1 8 .5 5 0- 100 16 1 6 .5 100- 200 13 20 2 0 0 - 300 14 24 3 0 0 - 400 11 20 4 0 0 - 500 8 18 500- 600 9 18 600- 700 11 26 7 0 0 - 800 9 2 5 .5 8 0 0 - 900 7 20 900-1000 (plus) 9 34 68 T able 4 . D epth d istrib u tio n of day and n ig h t sa m p le s tak e n In w a te rs o v er the San C lem en te B asin. D epth range N um ber of T otal num ber of (m) sam p les traw ling hours DAY 0 - 50 0 0 5 0 - 100 1 0. 5 100- 200 5 8 2 0 0 - 300 6 10 3 0 0 - 400 4 6 4 0 0 - 500 6 13 5 0 0 - 600 7 14 6 0 0 - 700 4 8 7 0 0 - 800 5 13 8 0 0 - 900 4 11 9 0 0 -1 000(plus) 14 4 6 .5 NIGHT 0 - 50 7 3 .5 5 0 - 100 5 2 .5 1 0 0 - 200 5 5 .5 2 0 0 - 300 10 16 3 0 0 - 400 4 8 4 0 0 - 500 3 6 5 0 0 - 600 6 14. 5 6 0 0 - 700 4 10 7 0 0 - 800 8 24 8 0 0 - 900 3 10 9 0 0 -1 0 0 0 (p lu s) 14 89 CHAPTER IV THE MIDWATER OPLOPHORID AND PASIPHAEID FAUNA OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATERS S p e c ie s A c c o u n ts, S ta tio n s from th e W a te rs of th e S anta C a ta lin a , San N ic o la s , San C le m e n te , a n d Velero B asins. In th is s e c tio n inform ation is p re s e n te d on th e v a rio u s s p e c ie s of oplophorld and p a s ip h a e id shrim ps c o lle c te d off so u th ern C a l ifornia in w a te rs o v e r th e Santa C a ta lin a , San N ic o la s , San C lem en te, and Velero b a s i n s . E ach s p e c ie s i s tre a te d s e p a ra te ly and the fo l low ing Inform ation is Included: R eferences T otal num ber c o lle c te d N um ber p e r h a u l, d e p th , num ber p e r traw l hour V ertical d istrib u tio n and m igration G e o g rap h ica l d istrib u tio n R eproductive c y c le S ta tio n s lis te d an d sam pling d a ta for e a c h s p e c ie s a re p r e s en te d in A ppendix IV. Superfam ily PASIPHAEOIDA Fam ily PASIPHAEIDAE P a s ip h a e a em arg in ata Rath b u n , 1902 P a slp h a e a e m arg in ata R athbun, 1902, p . 9 0 2 , fig . 4; d e M a n , 1920, 69 70 p. 2; S c h m itt, 1921, p. 3 0 , fig . 15; C h a c e , 1937, p . 110; M u rillo , 1968, p. 3 0 , p is . III-V , f ig s . 1 -1 2 . A to ta l of 360 sp e c im e n s of th is s p e c ie s , in clu d in g both m ales and fe m a le s , w as e x am in e d . A ppendix IV, 1 -3 , show s the s ta tio n s from w h ich P a slp h a e a e m a rg in a ta w as o b ta in e d . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . D e M an (1920) and C h a ce (1937) reported th is s p e c ie s from d e p th s ranging b etw een 375 and 1 ,5 7 0 m e te rs. During th e p re s e n t stu d y m ature sp e c im e n s of £ . em arginata w ere n e v e r tak e n at d ep th s of le s s th a n 200 m eters during th e day; one im m ature sp e c im e n , 1 2 .0 mm, w as ta k e n in the e a rly morning hours at a d e p th of 210 m eters. L arg e , m atu re, s p e c im ens , 3 6 .0 - 4 7 .0 mm, w hich re p re se n t records in s i z e , w ere ta k e n in d e e p h a u ls reach in g maximum d e p th s of l ,1 0 0 m e t e r s . The d a ta sum m arized in T able 5 , b a se d on p e rcen tag e of p o sitiv e s a m p le s , give som e in d ic a tio n of an upw ard m ovem ent during th e n ig h ttim e. G eographic d is trib u tio n . P. em arg in ata is know n only from the w e st c o a s t of North A m erica, in w aters off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , from th e S a n ta Barbara is la n d s to S an D iego (Rathbun, 1902, 1910; S c h m itt, 1921); it h a s a ls o b e e n reco rd ed from th e G ulf of C a lifo r n ia , off C o n cep tio n Bay ( d e M a n , 1920; C h a c e , 1937) and off M a z a tla n , M ex ico (M urillo, u n p u b lish e d ). During th e p re se n t stu d y P a slp h a e a em arg in ata w as tak e n in e v ery b a s in e x c e p t V elero, th e so u th ern m o st b a sin in the a re a s tu d ie d . R eproductive c y c l e . Adult in d iv id u a ls carrying e g g s w ere o b tain ed from F ebruary through April in the S an N ic o la s a r e a , and Table 5. Percentage of positive sam ples for Paslphaea em arginata at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 3 2 3 .0 500- 800 14 2 14.3 800-1100 7 3 4 3 .0 Santa C atalina N 1 G H T 0- 200 29 1 3.4 200- 500 11 3 27.3 500- 800 14 2 14.3 800-1100 7 4 57.0 D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 6 2 33.3 800-1350 6 1 16.7 San N I G H T N icolas 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 2 22.2 500- 800 3 1 33.3 800-1350 9 0 0 Table 5. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0 - 200 8 0 0 200- 500 15 1 6 .7 500- 800 18 3 16.7 800-1250 27 1 3.7 San Clem ente N I G H T 0 - 200 16 0 0 200- 500 15 2 13.3 500- 800 18 3 16.7 800-1250 25 1 4 .0 -0 O J 73 from F ebruary through O c to b er in th e Santa C a ta lin a a r e a . The s e a so n a l d is trib u tio n of o v lg ero u s fem a le s is show n in Figure 2 4 . The inform ation o b ta in e d s u g g e s ts th a t fem a le s c arry th e e g g s for a c o n s id e ra b le len g th of tim e , th e e g g s h a tc h in g only during a short period in th e w in te r and e a rly spring m o n th s. E g g -la d e n fe m a le s carry in g re c e n tly r e le a s e d e g g s w ere o b se rv e d from M ay through July; fe m a le s c arry in g fully d e v e lo p e d la rv a e w ere ta k e n from F ebruary through A pril. N o n -o v lg e ro u s fem a le s w ith e n la rg e d abd o m in al p leu ra in d ic a tiv e of a re c e n t r e le a s e of la rv a e w e re fre q u e n tly o b se rv e d in la te sp rin g . Figure 2 5 show s th e reco rd ed s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range and m ean s iz e for £ , e m a rg in a ta . The drop in m ean s iz e and th e e x te n s io n of th e lo w er p o rtio n of the s iz e range occu rrin g in th e spring m onths a re in d ic a tiv e of the p re s e n c e of new g en eratio n s of Im m ature in d iv id u a ls . The ra tio b e tw e e n th e num ber of fem ales p e r m ale w a s low in th e s u g g e s te d perio d of ova p ro d u ctio n . T able 6 sh o w s th a t fo r th e S anta C a ta lin a a re a w ith 286 sp e c im e n s c o lle c te d , th e re w a s a ls o a r is e in th e num ber p e r traw l - hour during th e sp rin g . M a le s w e re found to c o n c e n tra te in t h e lo w e r p o rtio n of t h e d e p th ra n g e , re p re se n tin g b e tw ee n 84 and 100% of th e sp e c im e n s ta k e n in th e 7 0 0 - to 8 0 0 -m e te r le v e l in the San N ic o la s a n d San C lem en te b a s in s . W in ter Spring Summer F all F e m a le s / M a le 2 . 6 /1 3 .0 /1 Figure 2 4 . S e a so n a l d is trib u tio n of o v ig ero u s fe m a le s °* P a s lp h a e a em arg in ata off so u th ern C a lif o rn ia . F igure 2 5. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e a n d s iz e range for P a s lp h a e a e m a rg in a ta off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . 74 SIZE (mm) % A D U LT FEMALES 75 100 75“ 5 0- 25- NOV FEB AUG M AY FEB 40- 30" 2 0 “ 10 - FEB M AY AUG NOV FEB Table 6. Seasonal changes in siz e range and numbers per traw l-hour for Paslphaea em aroinata collected in w aters off southern C alifornia. Basin Season Size range (mm) Average n o . / traw l-hour W inter 1 5 .0 -3 5 .0 2 .0 Santa Spring 6 .0 - 4 6 .0 19.1 C atalina Summer 9 .0 - 3 6 .0 1.5 Fall 6 .0 - 4 7 .0 4 .6 San N icolas W inter Spring Summer Fall 1 4 .0 -4 5 .0 1 2 .0 -4 5 .0 none not sam pled 1.2 4 .8 W inter 1 4 .0 -4 4 .0 0 .6 San Spring 2 0 .0 -3 3 .0 0 .5 Clem ente Summer 1 4 .0 -4 4 .0 0 .5 Fall none 77 P a s lp h a e a c h a c e l Y aldw yn, 1962 P a s lp h a e a c h a c e i Y aldw yn, 1962, p . 15, f ig s . 1-19; F o r s s , 1965, p . 9 , f i g s . 1 0-13; P earcy and F o r s s , 1966, p . 1135; M u rillo , 1968, p . 2 8 , p is . I - I I I , f ig s . 1 -1 1 . A to ta l of 2 ,5 1 4 sp e c im e n s of th is s p e c ie s w a s e x am in e d . T hese w ere o b ta in e d from th e q u a n tita tiv e sa m p le s ta k e n d uring this stu d y . c h a c e i is th e m ost comm on p a s ip h a e id p re s e n t in lo c a l w a te rs . Both m a le s an d fe m a le s a s w e ll a s larg e num bers of imm a ture sp e c im e n s w ere found in th e m ateria l stu d ie d . S ta tio n s l is t from w hich £ . c h a c e i w a s ta k e n a re show n in A ppendix IV, 4 - 7 . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . Y aldw yn (1962) d e s c rib e d th is s p e c ie s from sa m p le s ta k e n off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia an d su g g e s te d a d ep th ran g e from 300 to 700 m e te rs . F o rss (1965) found sp e c im e n s of X* c h a c e i in w a te rs off O regon and la te r P earcy and F orss (1966) reported a d ep th d istrib u tio n w ith a n u p p er lim it w ith in the e p lp e la g ic zo n e (0-200 m eters) a n d a lo w er one w ith in th e m e so p e la g lc zo n e (2 0 0 -1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs ). From my s tu d ie s (M u rillo , 1968) of th e v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of th is s p e c i e s , b a s e d on sa m p le s ta k e n in o c e a n ic w a te rs off th e c o a s ts of so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia a n d M e x ic o , 1 found th a t it o c c u rs b e tw e e n 100 and 750 m e te rs , w ith maximum c o n c e n tra tio n s from 200 to 600 m e te rs . D uring th is stu d y sp e c im e n s of c h a c e i w e re ta k e n in tra w ls ranging in d e p th from 90 to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs . The in d iv id u a ls c o lle c te d in sh a llo w w a te rs w ere a lw a y s ta k e n a t n ig h t. T able 7 sh o w s th e day and n ig h t d e p th - d lstrlb u tio n for th is s p e c i e s . Table 7. Percentage of positive sam ples for Pasiphae chacei at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 11 85.0 500- 800 15 2 13.3 800-1100 7 3 43.3 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 29 11 38.0 200- 500 11 4 36.3 500- 800 14 2 14.3 800-1100 7 4 57.0 D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 6 4 66 .6 San 800-1350 6 3 50.0 N icolas N I G H T 0- 200 4 3 75.0 200- 500 9 7 78.5 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 6 66.6 Table 7. Continued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0 - 200 8 1 12.5 200- 500 15 9 60.0 500- 800 18 13 72. 0 San 800-1250 17 14 52.0 Clemente N 1 G H T 0- 200 16 4 2 5 .0 200- 500 15 13 8 7 .0 500- 800 15 9 6 0 .0 800-1250 25 15 60.0 D A Y 0- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 1 20.0 800-1330 5 5 100.0 Velero N I G H T 0- 500 7 7 100.0 500- 800 3 3 100.0 800-1330 6 4 66.6 -j x O 80 From the data In Table 7 a v e rtic a l m igratory p a ttern Is e v i d e n t. P aslp h aea c h a c e i se em s to m igrate tow ards sh a llo w e r w a ters (90 to 200 m eters) a t n ig h t, returning to deep m eso p elag ic w a ters during th e day. G eographic d is trib u tio n . This sp e c ie s is only known from th e e a ste rn North P acific O cean . It w a s first reported by Yaldwyn (1962) In w a ters off southern C a lifo rn ia . F o rss (1965) and Pearcy and F orss (1966) found P aslp h aea c h a c e i In o cean ic w a ters off the cen tral Oregon c o a s t (44° 39' N , 125° 15' W .) , making th is the northernm ost record know n. The range of the sp e c ie s e x ten d s a s far south a s the cen tral c o a s t of M e x ic o , In w aters overlying the M iddle American Trench (M urillo, u n p u b lish ed ). Reproductive c v c l e . The sam p les th a t b e st illu stra te th e re productive cy cle of P aslp h aea c h a c e i are th o se from th e San C lem ente Basin a re a . Figure 26 show s the p erc en ta g e of mature fem ales c a n y ln g ova found throughout the study p eriod. O vlgerous fem ales w ere m ost abundant In the fall and early w in ter months and a high p erc en ta g e of fem ales carrying re a d y - to -h a tc h larv ae w as noted in th e w in ter. Figure 27 show s a drop in the m ean siz e and a corresponding e x te n sio n of the low er lim it of the s iz e range during th e spring m onths. Although the to ta l num ber of sp ecim en s of £ . c h a c e i sorted from q u a n tita tiv e sam p les tak en in w a te rs of the o u ter Santa Barbara P a s s a g e w a s slig h tly larg er than th e number c o lle c te d o v er the San C lem en te B asin, th e p ercen tag e of a d u lt fem ales carrying ova (6.2%) w as much too lo w , occurring only d u r- Figure 26. S e a s o n a l d istrib u tio n of o vlg ero us fem ales of P a s lp h a e a c h a c e i c o lle c te d In w a ters o v er th e San C lem ente B asin. Figure 27. S e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for P a slp h a e a c h a c e i off southern C a lifo rn ia . 81 SIZE (mm) J I L ro o i (d O _L > < > F E B M A Y A U G N O V FEB % ADULT FEMALES 0 0 83 ing th e m onths of February and M a rch . I have found se v e ra l ovlgerou s fem ales In e a rly q u a lita tiv e sa m p le s ta k e n in th e are a during th e m onths of January and July. O vlgerous fem ales w ere a ls o found In sa m p le s ta k e n in w a ters o v e r th e S an N ic o la s Basin during th e m onths of February (6.6%) and M ay (16.0% ); the m e so - and b a th y p e la g ic w a te rs o v er th is b a s in , h o w e v e r, h av e not been sam p led during the sum m er and fall m o n th s. E g g -la d en fem ales w ere a ls o found in w a te rs over the V elero B asin . All th e ovlgerous fem ales ta k e n In F ebruary c arrie d w ell d e v elo p ed la rv a e ; rec en tly laid eggs w ere a lw ay s found in fem ales c o lle c te d during th e spring and e a rly sum m er. The ratio of fem a le s per m ale w as low in th e su g g e s te d period of ova prod uction. T able 8 I llu s tra te s th e s e a s o n a l ch an g e in s iz e range and num ber per tra w l-h o u r for P. c h a c e i ta k e n in th e d ifferen t b a s in s . S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in the m odal c a ra p a c e length w ere o b serv ed; a bim odal d istrib u tio n o ccu rred during th e spring period w ith p e a k s at c a ra p a c e le n g th s of 7 .0 - 1 0 .0 mm and 2 0 .0 - 2 2 ,0 mm. M odal c a ra p a c e len g th s for th e fall and w in ter sa m p le s w ere 2 0 .0 - 2 2 .0 mm and 1 7 .0 - 1 9 .0 mm, re s p e c tiv e ly . W inter 8 prlng Sum m er F all F e m a le s /M a le 1 .5 /1 1 .7 /1 1 .5 /1 2 . 1 /1 8 4 T able 8. S e a so n a l chang es in siz e range and num bers per traw l hour for P aslp h aea c h a c e i c o lle c te d In w aters off southern C alifo rn ia. Basin S eason S ize range Average n o . / (mm) traw l-h o u r W inter 6 .0 - 2 5 .0 15.0 S anta Spring 7 .0 - 2 4 .0 2 9 .0 C a ta lin a Summer 7 .0 - 1 9 .0 17.0 Fall 6 .0 - 2 2 .0 3 .7 W inter 1 1 .0 - 2 5 .0 5.1 San S prlng 1 1 .0 -2 5 .0 9 .6 N icolas Summer not sam pled Fall not sam pled W inter 6 .0 - 2 6 .0 13.0 San Spring 5 .0 - 2 6 .0 6 .5 C lem ente Summer 8 .0 - 2 5 .0 4.1 Fall 1 2 .0 -2 7 .0 4 .6 W inter 1 2 .0 -2 4 .0 0.9 Spring 1 1 .0 -1 8 .0 1.3 Velero Summer 9 .0 - 2 5 .5 7 .5 Fall not sam pled P aslp h aea p aclflca Rathbun, 1902 P aslp h aea p aclflca R athbun, 1902, p. 905; R ichardson, 1908, p. 692, fig. 4; R athbun, 1910, p. 20, fig. 2; S ch m itt, 1921, p. 29, fig . 14; Barnard, 1950, p. 651, f i g . 22e; Richardson and Yaldw yn, 1958, p. 26, fig. 12; M c C a u le y , 1962, p. 867, fig s . 1-2; F o rs s, 1965 , p. 7 , fig s, 1-4; Pearcy and F o rs s, 1966, p. 1135; M u rillo , 1968, p. 32, p is . V-VI, fig s. 1 -8 . 85 P a slp h a e a p a c lflc a se e m s to be ra re in th e a re a s tu d ie d . O nly fifte e n sp e c im e n s w ere o b ta in e d , nin e In w a te rs of th e O u ter Santa Barbara P a s s a g e , s ix In w a te rs o v er th e San C lem en te B asin , a n d one In th e San N ic o la s a r e a . A ppendix IV, 8 * 1 0 , sh o w s the s ta tio n s from w hich £ . p a c lflc a w a s ta k e n V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . Rathbun (1910) record ed th is s p e c ie s from sa m p le s ta k e n from 97 to 730 m eters; S chm itt (1921) in d ic a te d a depth ran g e from 100 to 1 ,4 0 0 m e te rs for sp e c!* m ens c o lle c te d off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , w ith freq u e n t c a tc h e s b e tw e en 400 a n d 600 m e te rs . F o rss (1965) and P earcy and F o rss (1966) rep o rted £ , p a c lflc a In tra w ls ta k e n a t 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . The sp e c im e n s ta k e n during th is stu d y cam e from tra w ls ranging b etw een 300 and 1 ,2 2 0 m e te rs , more freq u en tly betw een 300 and 625 m e te rs. The a v a ila b le d a ta a re too lim ited to p rovide a n y In d ic a tio n of v e rtic a l m o v em en ts. The day and night d istrib u tio n for th is s p e c ie s is show n in T able 9. G e o g rap h ic d is trib u tio n . This s p e c ie s h a s b een repo rted p re v io u sly from U n a la sk a a n d th e G ulf of A laska south to th e G ulf of C a lifo rn ia from d re d g e s ta k e n by th e ALBATROSS (R athbun, 1910), by th e ANCONA (M c C a u le y , 1962; F o r s s , 1965; P earcy and F o rs s , 1966) off c e n tra l O reg on, a n d by th e VELERO X V in w a te rs off s o u th ern C a lif o rn ia , and off A c ap u lc o , M ex ico (M u rillo , u n p u b lish e d ). It h a s a ls o b een rep o rted from th e A leutian Is la n d s to K odiak, A laska (R athbun, 1910); R ichardson a n d Y aldw yn (1958) found P a slp h a e a p a c lflc a in th e C ook S tra it, off N ew Z ealan d ; th e a u th o rs Table 9. Percentage of positive sam ples for Paslphaea paclflca at different depths during the day and night off southern C alifornia. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 2 15.4 500- 800 15 1 6.7 800-1100 7 0 0 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 29 0 0 200- 500 11 1 5.9 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 0 0 D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 1 11.0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 0 0 San N icolas N I G H T 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 1 11.0 500- 800 800-1350 3 9 0 0 0 0 00 o T able 9. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 200 8 0 0 200- 500 15 2 13.4 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 27 1 3.7 San Clemente N I G H T 0- 200 16 0 0 200- 500 15 0 0 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 25 1 4 .0 00 -J 88 co n sid ere d this sp e c ie s to be c o n sp e c lfic w ith .P. p acifica Barnard (1950), a South African form c o lle c te d off Durban a t a depth of 800 m eters. Barnard’s s p e c ie s , h ow ev er, differs In se v era l re sp e c ts from R athbun's s p e c ie s . Reproductive c v c le . The sudden appearance and d is a p p e a r an ce of th is s p e c ie s in w aters off southern C alifornia is not w ell understood and the Inform ation on its breeding cy cle is rather Incom plete. P asip h aea c o rte z ia n a R athbun, 1902 P asio h aea c o rte z ia n a Rathbun, 1902, p. 905; 1910, p. 2 4 , fig. 5; de M an , 1920, p. 2; S ch m itt, 1921, p. 30, fig . 16; M urillo, 1968, p. 33, p is . V1I-IX, fig s. 1-9. Only 31 ind ividuals of P. c o rte z ia n a were c o lle c te d during th is study : four m a le s , 23 fe m a le s, and four immature; nine of the sp ecim en s were tak e n in w aters of the O uter S anta Barbara P a s s a g e , five over San C lem ente B asin, and one in the San N icolas a re a . This s p e c ie s w as a b se n t In both th e q u a lita tiv e sam p les o b tain ed In w aters of the San Pedro Basin and the q u a n titativ e h a u ls ta k e n in w aters overlying th e Velero B asin. L ists of positive sta tio n s and c ertain sam pling d a ta for P a sip h a ea c o rte z ia n a are given In Appendix IV, 1 1 -1 3 . V ertical d is trib u tio n . Rathbun (1902) reported th is sp e c ie s from sam ples ta k e n a t 1 ,420 m eters; Schm itt (1921) a ls o reported it at dep ths b etw een 1 ,4 0 0 and 1,5 7 0 m eters; all th e se sp ecim en s were 89 d redged by the ALBATROSS off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , D uring th is stu d y P a sip h a e a c o rte z ia n a w as found in s e v e n te e n h a u ls ranging in d ep th b etw een 425 and 1 ,2 5 0 m e te rs. T able 10 show s the p e rcen tag e of p o sitiv e h au ls and th e day and night o ccu rren c e of the in d iv id u a ls ta k e n . G eo g rap h ic d is tr ib u tio n . P a sip h a e a c o rte z ia n a h a s b e en repo rted only from lo cal w a te rs , the n orthernm ost record being th at of Schm itt (1921) off S a n ta C ruz Is la n d (ALBATROSS s ta tio n 4428); southw ard it h a s b een c o lle c te d in w a te rs over the San C lem en te B asin (VELERO IV s ta tio n 1234 5). A vailable e v id e n c e In d ic a te s th a t P a sip h a e a c o rte z ia n a is re s tric te d to lo c a l w a ters . It has not been found in o c e a n ic w aters off so u th ern C a lif o r n ia , e ith e r n e ar th e San Juan Seam ount or around G u ad alu p e I s la n d , off M e x ic o (M urillo, 1968). R eproductive c v c l e . M ature fem ales carrying ova w ere c o l le c te d in w a ters of th e San N ic o la s a re a . O nly th re e ovigerous fem ales w ere found in h au ls tak e n in th e la te w in ter (VELERO IV s ta tio n s 11965 and 12007). O th er fem ales cau g h t in la te w in te r and e a rly spring show ed e n la rg ed abdom inal pleura In d ica tiv e of a recen t re le a s e of larv a e and th e ir o v a rie s had larg e num bers of ripe e g g s . T able 11 sh o w s the s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s In s iz e range and num bers per tra w l-h o u r. A more thorough sam p lin g of th e San N ic o la s B asin w ill probably provide a more com plete inform ation on th e reprodu ctiv e c y c le and the s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range for th is s p e c i e s . Table 10, Percentage of positive sam ples for Pasiphaea corteziana at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 500 4 0 0 500- 800 27 2 7.4 800-1100 9 2 22.2 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 500 29 0 0 500- 800 25 0 0 800-1100 7 1 14.3 D A Y 0- 500 10 0 0 500- 800 6 1 16.7 800-1350 6 3 50.0 San N icolas N I G H T 0- 500 13 1 7 .7 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 4 44.5 '• O o T able 10. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 500 23 1 6.1 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1350 27 0 0 San Clem ente N I G H T 0- 500 31 0 0 500- 800 18 1 5.5 800-1350 25 1 4 .0 Table 11. Seasonal changes in size range and numbers per traw l hour for Pasiphaea corteziana collected in w aters off southern C alifornia. Basin Season Size range Average n o . / (mm) trawl hour W inter 1 2 .0 -2 5 .0 2 .0 Santa Spring none C atalina Summer 7 .0 -2 5 .0 0 .7 Fall 30 .0 (one specimen) W inter 1 3 .0 -4 6 .0 0.47 San Spring 2 5 .0 -4 4 .0 0 .5 N icolas Summer 2 5 .0 -4 0 .0 0.38 Fall not sampled W inter 7 .0 (one specimen) 0.25 San Spring none Clem ente Summer 1 2 .0 -1 7 .0 0 .5 Fall none 93 P a ra p a slp h a e su lc a tlfro n s S m ith, 1884 P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlfro n s S m ith, 1884, p . 3 8 4 , p i. 5 , fig . 4; H a n s e n , 1908, p . 79; Kem p, 1910, p . 4 7 , p i. 5 , f ig s . 1-2 ; C o u tle re , 191 1 , p . 157; F o w le r, 19 12, p . 547; S te p h e n s e n , 1912, p . 70; M urray and H Jort, 1912, p . 668; S te p h e n s e n , 1 923, p . 40; B alss, 1925, p . 2 3 6 , p i. 2 0 , fig , 10; S te p h e n s e n , 193 5 , p . 34; C h a c e , 1940, p . 126, fig . 6; H a le , 1941, p . 264; Barnard, 1950, p. 6 4 9 , fig . 122d; Si v ert se n and H o lth u is , 1 956, p . 30; F o r s s , 196 5 , p . 1 1 , f ig s . 15-19; P e a rc y a n d F o r s s , 1966, p . 1135; M u rillo , 1 9 6 8 , p . 35, p is . X-XI, f ig s . 1 -1 0 . P a ra p a s lp h a e s u lc a tlfro n s w a s am ong th e com m onest p a s lp h a e id s c o lle c te d during th is stu d y . Of 211 in d iv id u a ls e x am i ned 45 w ere ta k e n in th e O uter S anta Barbara P a s s a g e , 32 in th e San N ic o la s a r e a , 101 in San C le m e n te B asin , a n d 33 in Velero B asin. Of th e 126 a d u lts in th e c o lle c tio n s 28 w ere m a le s and 97 f e m a le s , of w hich s e v e ra l w e re o v lg e ro u s . Only o n e sp ecim en w a s so rte d from th e q u a lita tiv e sa m p le s ta k e n in the San Pedro C h a n n e l . A ppendix IV, 1 4 -1 7 , l i s t s th e p o s itiv e s ta tio n s for Para p a s ip h ae s u lc a tlfro n s . V ertical d is trib u tio n and m igration . P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlfro n s w a s d e s c rib e d by Smith (1884) from th e ALBATROSS m a te ria l c o lle c te d off th e e a s t c o a s t of th e U n ited S ta te s , a t d e p th s ranging b e tw ee n 1 ,1 5 0 and 5 ,4 0 0 m e te rs . D e p th s of c a p tu re re corded for th e s p e c ie s ran g e from 500 to 5 ,4 0 0 m eters (BaJ0s* 1925; 94 C h a c e , 1940; S lv e rtsen and H o lth u ls, 1956; F o rs s , 1965; Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966; M u rillo , 1968). Off southern C alifo rn ia It h a s been tak e n a t d ep th s ranging from 410 to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs. All th e Individu a ls from h a u ls ta k e n above 500 m eters w ere im m ature. The c e n te r of abund ance for th is s p e c ie s a p p e a rs to be below 450 m e te rs, the p ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam p les In creasin g w ith depth to 1,350 m eters, th e d e e p e s t haul tak en during th e p re s e n t stu d y . Table 12 show s th e p ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam ples a n d th e depth d istrib u tio n for the sp ecim en s c o lle c te d . The a v a ila b le data in d ic a te th a t there Is a change in the depth d istrib u tio n of the a d u lt portion of th e p opulation throughout th e d a y . Larger num bers of a d u lts p e r traw l hour w ere obtained below 800 m eters during th e d ay . During the night the population show ed a som ew hat different d istrib u tio n w ith ad u lt forms more fre quently captured in th e 600- to 8 0 0 - m eter le v e l. Ju v en iles w ere a lw ay s p re se n t in sam p les tak e n in th e 4 1 0 -to 6 0 0 -m eter le v e l. G eographic d istrib u tio n . This s p e c ie s is m ost abundant In th e North A tlantic from G reenland and Iceland southw ard to ab o u t 35° S. (S lvertsen and H o lth u ls, 1956). It h a s a ls o b een reported from southern India and off th e French Congo and C a p e P o in t, South Africa (Barnard, 1950), from th e S a rg a sso Sea (C h a c e , 1940), and more re c e n tly from th e e a s te rn N orth Pacific (F o rss, 1965; P earcy and F o rs s , 1966), and n e ar G u ad alu p e Is la n d , off M ex ico (M urillo, 1968). This s p e c ie s Is common In h au ls ta k e n In w a te rs over the Interm ediate and d e ep -o ffsh o re b a s in s off southern C a lifo rn ia . The Table 12. Percentage of positive sam ples for Parapaslphae sulcatlfrons at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Pe rcentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 0 0 500- 800 14 3 21.5 800-1100 7 3 4 2 .6 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 29 0 0 1200- 500 11 0 0 500- 800 14 2 7.1 800-1100 7 5 57.1 D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 1 11.1 500- 800 6 2 33.3 800-1350 8 5 83.5 San Nicolas N I G H T 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 1 11.1 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 6 66.6 T able 12. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y San Clem ente 0 - 200 200- 500 500- BO O 800-1250 8 15 18 27 0 4 8 10 0 26.6 44.5 37.0 N I G H T 0 - 200 200- 500 500- 800 800-1250 16 15 18 25 0 1 9 14 0 6 .7 50.0 56.0 D A Y 0 - 500 500- 800 800-1330 9 5 5 0 2 5 0 4 0 .0 100.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 500- 800 800-1330 6 3 6 2 2 4 33.3 66.6 6 6 .6 97 m a te ria l c o lle c te d during th e p re s e n t stu d y is th e la r g e s t rep o rted from th e e a s te r n N orth P a c ific . The ran g e of th e s p e c ie s e x te n d s southw ard to off C a p e C o r r le n te s , M ex ico (VELERO IV s ta tio n 13777). R eproductive c v c le . F igure 28 show s th e s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in th e p e rc e n ta g e of m ature fe m a le s carry in g o v a . E g g -la d en f e m a le s ( 2 0 .0 - 3 5 .0 mm) w e re found throughout th e y e a r w ith h ig h er fre q u e n c ie s reco rd ed during th e sum m er an d e a rly fa ll m o n th s. O vlgerous fe m a le s c o lle c te d during th e w in te r and e arly spring m onths c a rrie d w e ll d e v e lo p e d e g g s w ith th e e y e s of th e la rv a e v is ib le . F e m ales carry in g re c e n tly la id e g g s w ere o b se rv e d m ore fre q u e n tly in th e c o u rs e of th e sum m er and fall m o n th s. The s e a so n a l o c c u rre n c e of Im m ature in d iv id u a ls w a s a s follow s: W in ter 43% Spring 32% Summer 49% F a ll 29% A c o rre la tio n e x is ts b e tw ee n th e in c re a s e d num ber of im m ature in d iv id u a ls reco rd ed in th e w in te r an d th e a b u n d a n c e of ju v e n ile s during th e sum m er. F igure 29 show s an e x p e c te d drop in th e m ean s iz e and an e x te n s io n of th e lo w e r lim it of th e s iz e range during th e sum m er. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s in num ber p e r tra w l h o u r and s iz e range a re illu s tra te d in T able 13. M a le s w ere c o n s is te n tly found in traw ls ta k e n below 750 m e te rs , av erag in g 3 6 .9 % of th e a d u lt sulcatifronB in th e sa m p le s ta k e n b etw een 750 a n d 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs . F e m a le s w e re a b u n d an t above 750 m e te rs . The ra tio b e tw e e n th e num ber of fe m a le s and th e num b er of m a le s w a s low in th e s u g g e s te d p erio d of ova p ro d u c tio n . F igure 28. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in th e p e rc e n ta g e of o v ig ero u s fem a le s of P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlfro n s off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . F igure 29. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e a n d s iz e range fo r P a ra p a slp h a e su lc a tlfrc n s off so u th e rn C a li fornia . 98 S IZ E (mm) % A D U L T FEM A LES 99 100 75" 50“ 25“ FEB A U G FEB NOV M A Y 30“ 20 - 10- FEB M A Y A U G NOV FEB 100 F e m a le s /M a le W in ter Spring Summer F all 2 .7 / 1 5 .5 /1 2 . 8 /1 2 .7 / 1 T able 13. S e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range an d num bers p e r traw l h o u r for P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlfro n s c o lle c te d in w a te rs off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . Basin S e a so n Size range A verage n o . / (mm) tra w l-h o u r W in ter 7 .0 - 1 0 .0 1 .0 Santa Spring 1 0 .0 - 3 8 .0 0 .9 C a ta lin a Summer 7 .0 - 3 0 .0 0 .8 F all 8 .0 - 3 0 .0 0 .8 W in te r 1 1 .0 - 3 4 .0 0 . 53 San Spring 1 0 .0 - 3 0 .0 0. 66 N ic o la s Summer 5 .0 - 3 0 .0 1 .2 5 F all n ot sam p led W in ter 6 . 0 - 3 3 . 0 0. 76 San Spring 6 .0 - 3 6 .0 0.9 1 C lem en te Summer 8 . 0 - 3 4 . 0 0. 75 F all 1 1 .0 - 3 5 .0 0. 53 W in ter 7 . 0 - 3 2 . 0 0 .9 Spring 7 . 0 - 3 5 .0 0 .7 Summer 1 0 .0 - 3 8 .0 0 .7 F all not sam p led 101 P a ra p a slp h a e c rls ta ta S m ith , 1884 P a ra p a slp h a e c r i s t a t e Sm ith, 1884, p . 3 8 8 , p i. 5 , fig . 3; S lv e rtse n and H o lth u ls , 1956, p . 30; F o r s s , 1965, p . 13, f ig s . 2 0 - 22; P earcy a n d F o r s s , 1966, p . 1135; M u rillo , 1968, p . 3 7 , p is . XII-XIII, f ig s . 1 -1 1 . P a ra p a slp h a e m ac ro d a c ty la C h a c e , 1 939 , p . 33; 1940, p . 128, fig . 7. O nly 17 In d iv id u a ls of P a ra p a slp h a e c ris ta ta w ere c o lle c te d during th is stu d y . A ppendix IV, 1 8 -2 1 , l i s t s th e p o s itiv e s ta tio n s . V ertical d istrib u tio n a n d m igration . Smith (1884) d e sc rib e d th e s p e c ie s from a sin g le sp e cim en d redged by th e ALBATROSS a t 2 ,9 7 6 m eters off th e e a s t c o a s t of N orth A m erica. C h a c e (1939) c o lle c te d one sp e c im e n off C u ba a t 3 ,5 0 0 m e te rs , and th e sam e a u th o r (1940) rep o rte d on 30 sp e c im e n s ta k e n in B erm udian w a te rs a t d e p th s ranging from 1 ,1 0 0 to 1 ,8 0 0 m e te rs . S lv e rtsen and H o lth u ls (1956), In th e ir stu d y of th e D ecap o d a of th e M ic h a e l S ars A tlantic D e e p -S e a E x p ed itio n , rep o rte d s e v e n sp e c im e n s of P_. c ris ta ta ta k e n a t d e p th s b e tw ee n 1 ,2 5 0 a n d 1 ,5 0 0 m e te rs . P a ra p a slp h a e c r is ta te w as firs t re c o rd e d from th e e a s te rn N orth P a c ific by F o rs s (1965) from h a u ls ta k e n in 1 ,0 0 0 m eters off O regon. It w a s s u b s e q u e n tly found In o c e a n ic w a te rs off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia and M e x ic o ,a t d e p th s b e tw ee n 800 a n d 1 ,8 0 0 m eters (M u rillo , 1968). The sp e c im e n s c o lle c te d during th e p re s e n t study cam e from h a u ls ta k e n b e tw ee n 800 and 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs , th e d e e p e s t h aul ta k e n . O nly im m ature sp e c im e n s w ere c o lle c te d b etw een 800 102 and 950 m e te rs . The m ateria l e x am in ed in clu d ed tw o m a le s , s ix fe m a le s , and nine im m ature in d iv id u a ls . T able 14 sh o w s the p e rc e n ta g e of p o sitiv e s a m p le s and th e ir d e p th d is trib u tio n . B ecause of In s u ffic ie n t m a te ria l nothing c a n be said abo ut d iel v e rtic a l m ovem ents. G eo g rap h ic d is tr ib u tio n . T his s p e c ie s h a s b een reported from off th e e a s t c o a s t of N orth A m erica, off Bermuda and Bahia de G u an tan am o , C u b a , in th e North A tlan tic. In th e e a s te r n North P acific it h a s been ta k e n from off c e n tra l O regon so u th w ard to off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia and so u th e rn B aja C a lifo rn ia . R eproductive c y c l e . No gravid or o v igerous fem a le s were found in the m aterial e x a m in e d . Two m ales w ere ta k e n from a d ep th of 1 ,2 0 0 m eters (sta tio n 12337), tw o fem ales from 9 8 0 m e te rs , and a n o th e r four fe m a le s from d e p th s b e tw ee n 1 ,0 0 0 and 1 ,3 5 0 m e t e r s . Im m ature sp e c im e n s w ere ta k e n during la te s p rin g , sum m er, and e a rly fa ll; no a d u lts w ere found during th e spring m o n th s. B ecau se of in s u ffic ie n t m aterial nothin g c a n be s a id ab o u t the reprod uctive c y c le of th is s p e c ie s off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia . G lvp hus s p . a Eight sp e c im e n s of an as y e t u n d e sc rlb e d p a s lp h a e ld shrimp w ere found in the c o lle c tio n s e x am in e d . T his form b e lo n g s to th e g e n u s G lvphus a s d e s c rib e d by Filhol (1885). Both m ature and im m ature sp e cim en s h av e b e e n c o lle c te d off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia and off Baja C a lifo rn ia , M e x ico (M u rillo , u n p u b lish e d ). A ppendix IV, Table 14. Percentage of positive sam ples for Parapaslphae c rista ta at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 500 17 0 0 500- 800 15 1 6.7 800-1100 7 1 14.2 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 500 40 0 0 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 0 0 D A Y 0- 500 10 0 0 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1350 6 1 16.7 San Nicolas N I G H T 0- 500 13 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 0 0 103 T able 14. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- SOO 23 0 0 500- 800 18 0 0 p T , _ . 800-1250 27 4 14.8 San Clemente N 1 G H T 0- 500 31 0 0 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 25 2 8 .0 D A Y 0- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 0 0 800-1330 5 0 0 Velero N I G H T 0- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1330 6 2 33.3 104 105 2 6 , lis ts the sta tio n s from w hich th is s p e c ie s w as o b tain ed . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m igration . G lvphus s p . a w as tak e n a t depths ranging from 520 to 1,250 m e te rs. Table 15 show s th e day and night d istrib u tio n and various o ther d a ta for the s p e c i m ens c o lle c te d . Three imm ature specim ens w ere ta k e n in nighttim e traw ls (sta tio n s 9665, 9870, 11965) ranging in depth from 520 to 1,125 m eters. Five m ature sp e c im e n s, one m ale and four fe m a le s, w ere cau g h t in daytim e h a u ls In th e sam e depth range a s th e Imma ture o n es; one fem ale w as collected In a nighttim e haul a t 750 m e te rs . G eographic d is trib u tio n . The p resen tly known range of th is form in the e a ste rn North P acific e x ten d s from off southern C a lifo rn ia , n ear Santa C a ta lin a Is la n d , to off Baja C a lifo rn ia , in th e v icin ity of G uadalupe Isla n d . Remarks . In m ature m ales c ara p a c e leng ths range from 2 2 .0 to 4 8 .0 mm; in m ature fem ales from 2 2 .0 to 2 4 .0 mm; and in Immature specim ens from 1 3 .0 to 14.0 mm. The la rg e st m ale In the c o lle c tio n (4 8 .0 mm) w as tak en in th e Velero Basin area (sta tio n 12701) a t a depth of 1,250 m eters; th e la rg e s t fem ale (24,0 mm) w as c o lle c te d in w a ters over th e San N ic o la s Basin (statio n 11965) a t a sim ilar d e p th . D ata on reproduction are not a v a ila b le a t p re s e n t. Table 15. Percentage of positive sam ples for Glvphus sp .£ a t different depths during the day and night off southern C alifornia. Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 0 0 Santa C atalina N 1 G H T 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 1 14.2 D A Y 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1350 6 0 0 San N icolas N I G H T 500- 800 3 1 33.3 800-1350 9 1 11.1 106 Table 15. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 500- 800 800-1250 18 27 3 0 16.7 0 San Clem ente N I G H T 500- 800 800-1250 18 25 1 0 5.6 0 D A Y 500- 800 800-1330 5 5 0 1 0 20.0 Velero N I G H T 500- 800 800-1330 3 6 0 0 0 0 107 106 S u p erfam ily OPLOPHOROIDA F am ily OPLOPHORIDAE H vm enodora fro n ta lis R athbun, 1902 H vm enodora fro n ta lis R athbun, 1902, p . 904; 1910, p . 2 8 , fig . 8; S c h m itt, 1921, p. 3 4 , fig , 20; F o r s s , 1965, p. 15, f ig s . 3 8-4 2; P earcy and F o rs s , 1966, p . 1135, H vm enodora fro n ta lis w as th e m ost common oplophorld c o l le c te d during th is s tu d y , A to ta l of 2 9 , 133 in d iv id u a ls w ere ta k e n in the q u a n tita tiv e h a u ls and a n o th e r 3 ,7 7 2 sp e c im e n s w ere so rte d from q u a lita tiv e sa m p le s ta k e n in th e San Pedro C h a n n e l. Appendix IV, 2 2 -2 5 , l is ts th e p o sitiv e s ta tio n s for H vm enodora f r o n ta lis . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . T his s p e c ie s w as found In sa m p le s ta k e n below 200 m e te rs . It a p p a re n tly o c cu rs w ithin a v ery w ide range e x te n d in g from 200 to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs . S p ecim en s ranging in s iz e b e tw ee n 3 . 0 and 1 5 .0 mm w ere u s u a lly ta k e n b e tw een 200 and 800 m e te rs , th e larg er In d iv id u a ls ( 1 5 .0 - 2 0 .0 mm) in h ab itin g w a te rs b elo w 800 m e te rs . T here is an in d ic a tio n of a d lel v e rtic a l m igration from th e d e ep daytim e zo ne of c o n c e n tra tio n (below 800 m eters) to th e 5 0 0 - to 6 0 0 -m eter zone at n ig h t. T able 16 show s th e s e d e p th d is trib u tio n s . G eo g rap h ic d is trib u tio n . H vm enodora fro n ta lis w as d e s c rib e d by Rathbun (1902) from sp e c im e n s d red g ed by th e ALBATROSS w e s t of U n a la s k a In th e Bering S e a , at a d e p th of 590 m e te rs , to off M onteniy B ay, C a lifo rn ia , at 3 ,2 3 0 m e te rs . F o rss (1966) and Table 16. Percentage of positive sam ples for Hymenodora fro n talis a t different depths during the day and night off southern C alifornia. Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A y 0 - 200 11 0 0 200- 500 42 6 14.3 500- 800 39 12 30.8 Santa 800-1100 31 24 77.2 C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 51 0 0 200- 500 34 4 11.8 500- 800 27 11 40.7 800-1100 13 8 65.5 D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 2 33.3 500- 800 6 4 66.6 800-1350 6 5 83.3 San N icolas N 1 G H T 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 5 55.6 500- 800 3 2 66.6 800-1350 9 8 89.0 109 Table 16. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 200 8 0 0 200- 500 15 2 13.3 500- 800 18 11 61.1 800- 1250 27 14 52.0 San Clem ente N I G H T 0 - 200 16 0 0 200- 500 15 1 6 .7 500- 800 18 13 72.0 800- 1250 25 18 72.0 D A Y 0- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 5 100.0 800- 1330 5 5 100.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 6 2 33.3 500- 800 3 3 100.0 800- 1330 6 5 84.0 o I l l Pearcy and F o rss (1966) reco rd ed th is s p e c ie s off O regon dow n to 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . V inogradov (1970), In h is stu d y of th e VITYAZ m aterial from th e K urile-K am chatka a r e a , found th is s p e c ie s a t d e p th s ranging from 200 to 1 ,5 0 0 m e te rs . T he so u th e rn m o st record for H vm enodora fro n ta lis in th e e a s te rn N orth P a c ific com es from h au ls ta k e n by th e VELERO IV off Punta E u g e n ia , Baja C a lifo rn ia , M ex ico (M u rillo , u n p u b lish e d ). R eproductive c v c l e . Figure 30 sh o w s th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in th e p e rc e n ta g e of m ature fem a le s carry in g ova c o lle c te d In th e San C lem en te B asin a re a . O vlgerous fem ales w ere m ost com m on In the la te fall and e a rly w in ter m o n th s. Young w ere a p p a re n tly re le a s e d In la te w in te r and e a rly s p rin g , F igure 31 sh ow ing a co rresp o n d in g drop In m ean s iz e in th e sp e c im e n s o b tain ed during th e sp rin g m o n th s. For th e In d iv id u a ls c o lle c te d during th e w in te r m onths th e m odal c a ra p a c e len g th w as 1 5 .0 mm; a bim odal d i s t r i bution o ccurred during th e sp rin g w ith peaks a t 8 .0 and 1 5 .0 m m . Bimodal d istrib u tio n s w ere a ls o o b tain ed from sp e c im e n s ta k e n in sum m er and fa ll m o n th s, w ith c a ra p a c e len g th s of 1 1 .0 and 1 5 .0 mm, re s p e c tiv e 'y * D a ta from th e o th er b a s in a re a s g e n e ra lly ag ree w ith th o s e from S an C le m e n te . W ith th e e x c e p tio n of a s lig h t i n c re a s e in th e num ber of fem ales per m ale In th e sum m er, th e ratio of fem a le s per m ale rem ained ra th e r c o n s ta n t through th e r e s t of Figure 30. S easo n al variatio n in th e p e rc e n ta g e of m ature fem ales of Hym enodora fro n talis carrying o v a. D ata from 5,141 in d iv id u als tak e n in th e San C lem ente Basin a re a . Figure 31. S easonal v a ria tio n in th e m ean siz e and s iz e range for Hymenodora fro n talis c o lle c te d in the San C lem ente Basin a re a . 112 S IZ E (mm) % A D U L T FEM ALES 113 100 75- F E B AUG N O V FEB M A Y 15" 10“ 5“ FEB M A Y AUG NOV FEB 114 th e y e a r. F e m a le s /M a le W inter 1 .4 /1 S pring 1 .4 /1 Sum m er 2 .1 /1 Fall 1 .6 /1 The inform ation on rep ro d u ctio n and s iz e for H ym enodora fro n talis is b a se d on th e e x am in atio n of 5,141 in d iv id u a ls . T ab le 17 show s th e s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e and num bers per tra w l-h o u r of sp e c im e n s c o lle c te d off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia in th e period 1 9 6 0 - 1969. Figure 32 sh o w s th e re la tiv e a b u n d an ce of m ales and f e m ales of H ym enodora fro n ta lis w ith d e p th . The d a ta are from th e San C lem ente B asin a re a . It sh o w s th a t th e a d u lt p o p u latio n in th is are a liv e s b e tw ee n 500 and 1 ,0 0 0 (plus) m e te rs , th e re la tiv e ab u n d an ce of m ales g e n e ra lly In c re a s in g w ith d e p th . H ym enodora g ra c ilis S m ith, 1886 H ym enodora g ra c ilis S m ith, 1 8 8 6 , p . 6 8 1 , p i. 1 2 , fig . 6 ; C h a c e , 1 9 4 0 , p . 1 7 5 , fig . 4 6 ; 1 9 4 7 , p . 3 2 ; S lv e rts e n and H o lth u is , 1 9 5 6 , p . 1 6 , f ig s . 1 1 - 1 3 ; F o r s s , 1 9 6 5 , p . 27, f i g s . 5 0 - 5 5 ; P earcy and F o r s s , 1 9 6 6 , p . 1135. 115 T able 17. S easo n al c h an g es in s iz e range and num bers per traw l- h o u r for H vm enodora frontalis c o lle c te d in w aters off sou th ern C alifo rn ia. Basin S easo n S ize range Average n o . / (mm) tra w l-h o u r W inter 5 .0 - 1 8 .0 123.1 S anta Spring 3 .5 - 1 9 .0 54.5 C a ta lin a Summer 5 .5 - 1 8 .0 6 6 .6 Fall 5 .5 - 1 9 .0 103.1 W inter 6 .0 - 2 0 .0 63.5 San Spring 4 .0 - 2 0 .0 3 6 .5 N ic o la s Summer 5 .5 - 1 8 .0 10 5.8 Fall not sam pled W inter 5 .0 - 1 9 .0 1 6 .5 San Spring 3 .0 - 1 9 .0 1 7 ,8 C lem ente Summer 6 .0 - 2 0 ,0 1 8 .4 Fall 4 .0 - 2 1 .0 22.4 W inter 6 .0 - 1 8 .0 3 .5 v . Spring 6 .0 - 2 0 .0 9 .7 er° Summer 7 .0 - 1 8 .0 9 .4 Fall not sam pled Figure 32. R elative a b u n d an c e of m ales and fe m a le s of Hym enodora fro n ta lis from 500 to 1 ,2 5 0 m e te rs in th e San C lem en te Basin a re a . 116 % A D U L T FEM ALES 117 25 75 50- 25 100 700 500 900 600 1.000 800 DEPTH Cm) % A D U L T M ALES 118 N ext to H ym enodora f r o n ta lla , H . g ra c ilis w as th e com m onnest oplophorld ta k e n during th e s tu d y . A to ta l of 964 s p e c im ens w as o b tain ed from th e q u a n tita tiv e s a m p le s . T his s p e c ie s was not p re se n t In th e q u a lita tiv e h a u ls ta k e n In th e San Pedro B asin a re a . A ppendix IV, 2 6 -2 9 , l is ts th e p o sitiv e s ta tio n s for H ym enodora g ra c ilis . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . Sm ith (1886) reported th is s p e c ie s from ALBATROSS m aterial at d e p th s b etw een 1 , 500 and 5 ,4 0 0 m e te rs . S te p h e n se n (1923) reco rd ed th e s p e c ie s alm ost e x c lu s iv e ly from d e p th s of 1 ,0 0 0 to 1 ,500 m eters In both daytim e and nighttim e s a m p le s , w ith m ost sp e c im e n s ta k e n a t I ,5 0 0 m e te rs . C hace (1940) found a d e p th range b e tw e e n 730 and 2 ,2 0 0 m e te rs , w ith th e adult portion of th e p o p u latio n u s u a lly at d e p th s e x ce ed in g 1 ,800 m e te rs . S lv e rts e n and H o lth u is (1956) rep o rted th is s p e c ie s from d e p th s ranging b e tw ee n 500 and 5 ,3 0 0 m e te rs . Off c e n tra l O regon th is s p e c ie s w as ta k e n from n e ar th e su rfa c e to a d epth of 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . During th e p re s e n t stu d y H ym enodora g ra c ilis w as found in sa m p le s from 250 to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs . The s h a llo w e s t h aul (sta tio n 10374) from w hich Im m ature in d iv id u a ls (5 .0 to 7 ,0 mm) w ere o b ta in e d , fish e d w aters from 0 to 250 m eters at n ig h t. T he o th e r, a ls o n ig h ttim e , s h a llo w h a u ls c o n ta in in g H ym enodora g r a c ilis (sta tio n 12703) w as ta k e n in 410 m eters of w a te r and 119 y ie ld e d s ix in d iv id u a ls ranging in s iz e b e tw ee n 8 .0 and 1 1 .0 mm. N o sp e c im e n s w ere found in d ay tim e h a u ls above 680 m e te rs . T he a v a ila b le Inform ation (Appendix IV , 26-29) s u g g e s ts th a t during th e d ay tim e a larg e portion of th e ad u lt pop u latio n o c cu rs a t d e p th s b e tw e e n 800 and 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs , th e maximum d e p th rea ch e d in th e c o u rs e of th is stu d y . At night young ad u lt sp e c im e n s w ere ta k e n at d e p th s ranging b e tw e e n 410 and 600 m e te rs , w ith a larg e portion of the p op u latio n occurring b e tw ee n 700 and 1 ,1 0 0 m e te rs . T ab le 18 show s d ep th d is trib u tio n s . G eo g rap h ic d is trib u tio n . H . g ra c ilis has s o o ften been c o n fu sed w ith H.. al act a lls th a t its d istrib u tio n is not c le a rly u n d e rs to o d . The s p e c ie s is known w ith c e rta in ty from th e N orth A tla n tic . It w as o rig in a lly d e s c rib e d by Sm ith (1886) from ALBATROSS m ateria l c o lle c te d in th e e a s t c o a s t of N orth A m erica; it w as a ls o reported by Kemp (1910) from off w e s t Ire la n d and by M urray and HJort (1912) from off N ew foundland and from th e Bay of B isc ay . C h ace (1940) c o lle c te d th is s p e c ie s from Berm udian w aters and a ls o from th e G u lf of P a n a m a ; furtherm ore it w as reco rd ed from off S outh A frica, in th e A rabian S e a and in th e In d ian O c e a n n e a r th e A ntarctic c o n tin e n t (S lv ertsen and H olth uis , 1956). F o rss (1965) and P earcy and F orss (1966) reported H ym enodora g ra c ilis from off c e n tra l O regon. Off so u th e rn C a lifo r- Table 18. Percentage of positive sam ples for Hymenodora g racilis a t different depths during the day and night off southern C alifornia. Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sanples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 0 0 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 0 0 Santa N T G H T C atalina 0 - 200 29 0 0 200- 500 11 2 18.1 500- 800 14 0 0 800-1100 7 1 14.1 D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1350 6 0 0 San N I G H T N icolas 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 2 22.3 Table 18. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples N o. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 200 18 0 0 200- 500 15 0 0 500- 800 18 1 3 .5 800-1250 27 2 7 .4 San Clem ente N I G H T 0 - 200 16 0 0 200- 500 15 0 0 500- 800 18 2 11.2 800-1250 25 14 56.0 D A Y 0 - 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 1 20.0 800-1330 5 4 80.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 6 1 16.7 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1330 6 5 8 4 .0 121 122 nla It occurs In th e In term ediate and d e e p offshore b a s in s . It is apparently ab sen t in the S an Pedro C hannel. R eproductive c v c l e . Figure 33 show s th e se a s o n a l v ariatio n in the p ercen tag e of adult fem ales carrying ova from hauls tak en in the San C lem ente Basin a re a . A peak in th e p ercen tag e of e g g -la d e n fem ales w as o b serv ed in th e e arly sp rin g . The ratio of fem ales per m ale d e c re a se d during th e la te w in te r and sp rin g months jd u rin g th is tim e gravid fem ales and fem ales carrying rec en tly laid eggs were frequently c ap tu red . After th e period of high reproductive a c tiv ity , th e num ber of fem ales per m ale g rad u ally in c re a se d to a maximum in th e sum m ertim e. F em ales/M ale W inter 1 . 7 /l Spring 1 .4 /1 Summer 2 .1 /1 Fall 1 .9 /1 Figure 34 sho w s a red u ctio n in th e m ean s iz e of H . g ra c ilis during the spring and sum m er and an e x te n sio n of th e low er lim it of the s iz e range occurring during th e sum m er w hen re c e n tly re le a s e d immature forms appeared in th e s a m p le s. S e a so n a l v ariatio n s in numbers per tra w l-h o u r are show n in T ab le 19. Figure 35 show s the re la tiv e abundance of m ale and fem ale H . g ra c ilis w ith d e p th . The p ercen tag es are b a s e d on the dep th d istrib u tio n of 921 sp ecim en s obtained in the San C lem ente and Velero b a s in s . Young m ales re p resen ted up to 66.6% of th e m ature in d iv id u als ta k e n from 400 to Figure 33. S easo n al d istrib u tio n of ovlgerous fem ales of Hymenodora g ra c ilis b a sed on sp ecim en s tak en from 1966 to 1969 a t d ep th s betw een 500 and 1,000 m eters in th e San C lem ente Basin a re a . Figure 34. S easo n al variatio n in the m ean siz e and siz e range for Hymenodora g ra c ilis c o lle c te d in th e San C lem ente Basin a re a . 123 SIZE C m m ) %ADULT FEMALES 124 100 M A Y FEB A U G NOV FEB 20 T ------------------ 1 ----------------- 1 ----------------- 1 ------------------1 — FEB M A Y AUG N O V FEB Figure 35. R elative a b u n d an ce of m ales and fem ales of Hymenodora g ra c ilis from 400 to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs in the San C lem ente Basin a re a . 125 % A D U L T M ALES 126 100 25 100 400 000 500 600 700 900 DEPTH Cm) % A D U L T FEM ALES 127 500 m eters at n ig h t. In th e 500- to 1 ,0 0 0 -m e te r le v e l th e m ale com ponent of th e p o p u latio n re p re se n ts b e tw ee n 40 and 50%. T ab le 19. S e a so n a l c h a n g e in s iz e ran g e and num bers per tra w l- h o u r for H ym enodora g ra c ilis c o lle c te d in w a te rs off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia . B asin S e a so n S iz e range A verage n o , / (mm) tra w l-h o u r W inter 6 .0 - 1 1 . 0 3 .7 S an ta Spring none C a ta lin a Sum m er 6 .0 - 1 1 . 0 3 . 0 Fall none W inter 6 .0 - 1 2 .0 1 .1 San Spring none N ico las Sum m er none Fall not sa m p le d W inter 6 .0 - 1 3 .0 7 .2 San Spring 6 .0 - 1 5 .0 9 .4 C lem ente Sum m er 3 .0 - 1 3 .0 2 .6 F all 6 .0 - 1 4 .0 3 .6 W inter 6 .0 - 1 4 .0 3 .7 Spring 7 . 0 - 1 4 . 0 1 7 .3 V elero Sum m er 6 .0 - 1 3 .0 7 .5 Fall not sam p led 128 Hym enodora g la c la lis (B uchholz), 1874 P a sip h a e o la c la lls B uchholz, 1874, p . 279, fig . 2. Hym enodora a la c la lls Sm ith, 1885, p . 501; 1886, p . 6 78, p i. 15, fig s. 3 -1 0 ; S te p h e n se n , 1923, p . 59; B a lss, 1925, p . 270; C h a c e , 1947, p. 31; H o lth u ls , 1951, p. 32; S lv ertsen and H o lth u is , 1956, p . 15, fig . 11; F o r s s , 1965, p . 2 5 , f ig s . 4 3 -4 9 . Hym enodora m o lllcu tls Bate, 1888, p . 84 8, p i. 137, fig . 2 . Hym enodora a la c la lls seem s to be rare in th e a re a stu d ie d . Only 29 sp ecim en s w ere o b ta in e d , 13 from th e San C lem en te Basin a re a , and 16 from th e Velero Basin. This sp e c ie s w a s a b s e n t In q u a n tita tiv e h a u ls tak e n in Santa C a ta lin a and San N ic o la s b a s in s . Although th e num ber of sp ecim en s is sm a ll, both m ales and fem ales a s w ell a s im m ature in d iv id u a ls are re p re se n te d . A ppendix IV, 3 0- 31, l is ts th e p o sitiv e s ta tio n s and c e rta in sam ple d a ta for H. a la c la lls . V ertical d istrib u tio n an d m igration . Specim ens of f l, a la c la lls w ere c o lle c te d in traw ls ta k e n a t depths ranging from 700 to 1 ,2 5 0 m e te rs. Table 20 show s th e day and night d istrib u tio n of th is s p e c ie s . I b eliev e th a t th e only sp ecim en ob tained in th e 5 0 0 - to 8 0 0 -m eter le v e l (sta tio n 11102, maximum dep th sam pled 700 m eters) is probably a co n tam in an t from th e prev io u s traw l (sta tio n 11101), fish e d a t a maximum depth of 1 ,1 0 0 m eters and in w hich se v e n m ature and one im m ature sp ecim en s w ere ta k e n . H .o l a c i a l l s is a b ath y p e la g ic oplophorid reco rded from se v e ra l p a rts of th e w orld Table 20. Percentage of positive sam ples for Hymenodora g laclalis a t different depths during the day and night of southern C alifornia. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0 - 500 23 0 0 500- 800 18 1 3 .6 800-1250 27 0 0 San Clem ente N 1 G H T 0 - 500 31 0 0 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 25 4 16.0 D A Y 0 - 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 0 0 800-1330 5 2 40.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 6 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1330 6 0 0 129 130 o c ea n a t d ep th s over 1,0 0 0 m eters (S te p h en sen , 1923; C h a c e , 1947; F o rs s , 1965; Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966). Saaaiaphlc distribution. Hymenodora a la c la lls Is w idely d istrib u te d . It h a s been recorded from the e a s te rn and w estern North A tlantic O cean (B a lss, 1925). C h ace (1947) found It In the PAWNEE m aterial c o lle c te d off th e Baham as. In th e Pacific it h a s been reported from th e Bering Sea and off San D ieg o , C alifo rnia (Rathbun, 1910), off c e n tra l Oregon (F o rss, 1965; Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966), th e Gulf of C a lifo rn ia , Gulf of Panama and th e Ecuadorian c o a s t (Faxon, 1895). S everal sp ecim en s have been tak e n by the VELERO IV off M a z a tla n , M exico (M urillo, u n p u b lish ed ). R eproductive c v c le . None of the 20 fem ales in th e m aterial from off southern C alifo rn ia w a s found to be ovlgerous or g rav id . Figure 36 show s th e v ariatio n In m ean siz e and s iz e range for th e 29 sp e c im e n s. B ecause of In ad eq u ate m aterial no sta te m e n t can be m ade regarding th e rep roductive c y c le of th is s p e c ie s . The infor m ation sum m arized in Table 20 and Figure 36 s u g g e sts th a t young in d iv id u als ap p ear w hen a drop in th e low er portion of the s iz e range is recorded. A canthephyra c u rtlro strls W o o d -M aso n , 1891 A canthephyra c u rtlro strls W o od -M aso n and A lcock, 1891, p . 195; W o od-M ason and A lcock, 1892, p. 364, fig . 5; F a x o n , 1895, p . 164, p i. 4 3 , fig s , 2 -5 ; A lcock, 1901, p. 81; R athbun, 1910, p . 27; Kemp, 1906, p . 23; de M a n , 1920, p. 6 5 , p i. 16, fig. 15; Figure 3 6 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In m ean s iz e and s iz e range for H ym enodora g la c la lis c o lle c te d off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . 131 SIZ E Cmm) 132 2 0 - 15- 10 “ 5- FEB M A Y AU G NOV FEB i - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - r 133 S chm itt, 1921, p. 33; B a lss, 1925, p . 261, fig . 30; C h a c e , 1936, p. 26; C h a c e , 1937, p. i l l ; C h a c e , 1940, 143, fig . 21; C h a c e , 1947, p. 17; F o rs s , 1965, p. 17, fig s. 24-27; Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966, p. 1136. A to tal of 555 Individuals of th is sp e c ie s w as c o lle c te d dur ing th e p re se n t stu d y . Seventy p e r cen t of th e sp ecim en s were tak en in the San C lem ente Basin a re a , th e rem aining 30% w ere from th e O uter Santa Barbara P a ss a g e (6.8% ), the San N ic o la s Basin area (10.2% ), the Velero Basin are a (13.0% ). Both m ales and fem ales a s w ell a s immature forms w ere p re se n t in th e c o lle c tio n . Appen dix IV, 3 2 -3 5 , lis ts the p o sitiv e s ta tio n s for £ . c u rtlro s trls . Vertical d is trib u tio n and m igration. Specim ens of c u rtlro strls w ere tak e n a t d ep th s ranging from 375 to 1,350 m eters. The sh a llo w e st p o sitiv e haul (sta tio n s 11964, a t a maximum depth of 375 m eters) w as taken during th e nighttim e in th e San N ic o la s Basin a re a . Only one young sp e c im e n , 1 2 .0 mm, w as found in th is sam p le. In the daytim e m ature in d iv id u als w ere obtained below 400 m eters. Immature forms were more frequently found in daytim e sam ples tak en a t d ep th s betw een 400 and 650 m eters. T able 21 show s th e p ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam ples and th eir depth d is trib u tio n . The day and night reco rd s of num bers p er traw l-h o u r are show n in Table 22. An in c re a se is noted in th e num ber of in d iv id u a ls p e r traw l-h o u r cap tu red in th e 2 0 0 - to 500-m eter le v e l (below 375 m eters) a t n ig h t. The num ber of individuals p e r traw l-h o u r Table 21. Percentage of positive sam ples for A canthephyra curtlrostrls W ood-M ason at different depths during the day and night. Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 13 2 15.4 500- 800 14 2 14.2 800-1100 7 3 4 3 .0 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 29 0 0 200- 500 11 0 0 500- 800 14 1 7.1 800-1100 7 5 71 .0 D A Y 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 6 3 50.0 800-1350 6 3 50.0 San N icolas N I G H T 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 3 33.3 500- 800 3 1 33.3 800-1350 9 3 33.3 134 T able 21. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0- 200 8 0 0 200- 500 15 5 33.3 500- 800 18 11 61.1 800-1250 27 11 4(?.7 a an l Clem ente N I G H T 0- 200 16 0 0 200- 500 15 2 13.4 500- 800 18 14 78.0 800-1250 25 12 48 .0 D A Y 0- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 3 60.0 800-1330 5 5 100.0 Velero N I G H T 0- 500 6 3 50.0 500- 800 3 2 66.6 800-1331 6 5 8 3 .0 135 136 cap tu red betw een 500 and 800 m eters rem ained th e sam e for both day and nig h ttim e. Table 22. Day and night records of num bers p e r tra w l-h o u r for A cantheohvra c u rtlro strls W o od-M ason c o lle c te d off southern C a lifo rn ia . D epth range (m) Average n o . / trawl -h o u r D A Y 0 - 200 0 2 0 0 - 500 1 .5 500- 800 3 .5 800-1350 1 .5 N I G H T 0- 200 0 2 0 0 - 500 2 .8 500- 800 3 .5 800-1350 1.1 G eographic d istrib u tio n . A canthephyra c u rtlro strls h a s been reported from th e A tlan tic, P a c ific , and Indian o c e a n s . In th e Indian O cean it h a s been c o lle c te d from th e Arabian S e a , Bay of B engal, and th e Andaman Sea (W ood-M ason and A lcock, 1891, 1892; A lcock, 1901). In th e A tlantic O cean it h a s b een tak en off British G u ia n a , n e a r th e B aham as, off th e north and south c o a s ts of Cuba (C h a c e , 1940, 1947), a n d from the e a ste rn North A tlantic (F lg u eira, 1957). The P acific record s in clu d e th o se from th e 137 P h ilip p in e s, Ja p a n , H a w a ii, off c e n tra l O regon, southern C a lifo r nia and Peru (Faxon, 1895; Rath b u n , 1910; Schm itt, 1921; C h a c e , 1937; F o r s s , 1965; Pearcy and F o rs s , 1966). Off southern C a li fornia it seem s to be more common in th e San C lem ente and Velero b a s in s . R eproductive c v c le . Alcock (1901) reported a sin g le e g g lad en fem ale (1 6 .0 mm) tak en in the Andaman Sea in 1,685 m eters. Only four ovigerous fem ales w ere found among the 555 specim ens c o lle c te d during th is stu d y . T hese fem ales (2 3 .0 -2 4 .0 mm) w ere ob tain ed from th e h au ls 12788 and 12789 tak e n a t maximum d epths of 520 and 1,0 5 0 m eters in th e la te sp rin g . B ecause of th e sc a rc i ty of grav id and ovigerous fem a le s no Inference can be m ade re garding th e rep roductive c y c le for th is s p e c ie s . Figure 37 show s th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range for A. c u rtiro stris . The ob serv ed drop in th e low er lim it of the siz e range an d of th e m ean s iz e during th e spring m onths c o rre la te s with th e p re s e n c e of re c e n tly re le a s e d ju v e n ile s tak e n during th is tim e of th e y e a r. It is a ssu m e d th a t repro ductive a c tiv ity occurs during th e spring and sum m er m onths and th a t e g g -la d e n fem ales should be e x p ec te d to a p p e a r during th e fall and w in ter m onths, w ith the re le a s e of young occurring during th e la te w in ter an d early spring. The ra tio b etw een th e num ber of fem a le s p e r m ale w as low in the su g g e ste d period of ova production. F e m a le s / M ale W inter Spring Figure 37. S easo n al variatio n in m ean siz e and siz e range for A cantheohvra c u rtiro stris off southern C a lifo rn ia . 138 Ciuui> 3ZIS 139 30“ 2 0 - 10“ — I------------------- 1 ---------------------- 1 --------------------- 1 — FEB M A Y AUG NOV FEB 140 Sum m er 1 .6 /1 F a ll 1 .4 /1 The a n a ly s is of s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e show ed th e o c c u r re n c e of bim odal d is trib u tio n s in e a c h s e a s o n e x c e p t w in te r. In w in te r th e re a p p e a rs a m odal c a ra p a c e length b e tw e e n 1 3 .0 and 1 5 .0 mm. The p o p u latio n sam p led during th e spring sho w ed tw o p e a k s , one o c c u rrin g b e tw ee n 6 .0 and S.O mm, and a n o th e r b e tw e e n 1 2 .0 and 1 5 .0 mm. D uring th e sum m er m onths c a ra p a c e le n g th s te n d to p e a k a t 9 .0 to 1 1 .0 mm and 1 3 .0 to 1 5 .0 mm. The s m a lle s t in d iv id u al c o lle c te d during the fa ll h a s a c a ra p a c e len g th of 8 .0 mm w ith m ost a n im a ls fa llin g w ithin tw o c a te g o rie s : 1 0 .0 - 1 1 .0 mm and 2 0 .0 - 2 1 .0 mm. T able 23 show s th e s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e ran g e a n d num bers p e r traw l hour for &. curUreairlfi* M a le s re p re se n te d 35 to 40% of th e a d u lt in d iv id u a ls c a p tu red in th e 4 0 0 - to 9 5 0 -m e te r le v e l. T able 2 3. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e range a n d num bers p e r traw l off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . Basin S easo n S ize range A verage n o . / (mm) tra w l-h o u r W in te r 6 . 0 - 1 9 . 0 1.1 Santa Spring 6 .0 - 1 5 .0 1.2 C a ta lin a Summer 1 2 .0 - 1 6 .0 0 .5 F a ll 8 .0 - 1 7 .0 1 .0 141 T ab le 2 3 . C o n tin u e d Basin S e a so n S ize ran ge (mm) A verage n o . / T raw l-h o u r W in ter 6 .0 - 2 4 .0 2 .2 San Spring 6 .0 - 2 3 .0 1.1 N ic o la s Summer none F all not sam pled W in ter 6 .0 - 2 7 .0 2 .6 San Spring 3 .0 - 2 9 .0 3 .4 C lem en te Summer 5 .0 - 2 5 .0 2 .8 F all 8 . 0 - 2 4 .0 1 .9 W in ter 7 .0 - 2 6 .5 0 .9 Velero Spring 9 .0 - 2 6 .0 1 .4 Summer 6 . 5 - 2 7 .0 1.3 F all not sam pled A canthephyra c u rtiro s tris v a r. F a x o n , 1895 A canthephyra c u rtiro s tris v a r. % F a x o n , 1895, p . 165 , p i. 4 3 , fig . 5. S eventy sp e c im e n s of A canthephyra c u rtiro s tris v a r. ^ F ax o n , In clu d in g m em bers of both s e x e s a s w e ll a s ju v e n ile s , w ere exam in e d . All sp e c im e n s w ere c o lle c te d in th e Velero Basin a r e a . A ppendix IV, 3 7 , l i s t s th e p o s itiv e s ta tio n s . It is my b e lie f , b a s e d on th e stu d y of th is c o lle c tio n a n d of c o lle c tio n s from off A c ap u lc o , M e x ic o , th a t A. c u rtiro s tris v a r. ^ Faxon should be a cc o rd e d s p e c ific s t a tu s . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ra tio n . This s p e c ie s w a s found in sa m p le s from d e p th s ranging b etw een 650 and 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs; 50% of th e p o s itiv e sa m p le s w ere ta k e n during d ay tim e and a t d e p th s 142 b etw een 680 and 800 m e te rs . P o s itiv e nighttim e sa m p le s cam e from 710 m eters (sta tio n 11618) and d e e p e r. T able 24 sh ow s th e d e p th d istrib u tio n of p o s itiv e h a u ls . T able 2 4 . P e rc e n ta g e of p o s itiv e sa m p le s for A canthephyra c u rtiro s tris v a r. ^ Faxon a t d iffe re n t d e p th s d u r ing th e day and n ig h t in w a te rs o v er th e V elero B asin. D epth rang e (m) T otal n o . of sa m p le s N o. p o s itiv e sa m p le s P e rc e n ta g e p o s itiv e D A Y 5 0 0 - 800 5 3 6 0 .0 8 0 0 -1 0 0 0 5 0 0 N I G H T 5 0 0 - 800 3 1 3 3 .3 8 0 0-100 0 6 2 3 3 .3 The lim ited d a ta a v a ila b le p rovide no e v id e n c e of v e rtic a l m ig ra tio n . G eo g rap h ic d is trib u tio n . T his s p e c ie s is know n only from th e e a s te rn N orth P a c ific O c ea n ; from off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia (this report) and off A c a p u lc o , M e x ico (M u rillo , u n p u b lish ed ) to th e G ulf of Panam a (F axon, 1895). R eproductive c v c l e . Inform ation on th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in th e s iz e ran g e and on th e o c c u rre n c e of g rav id o r o v ig ero u s fem a le s 143 Is lim ited . The a v a ila b le d a ta are for sum m er and w inter only. Of the 32 h au ls ta k e n In the a re a , only six w ere p o sitiv e . The sp ecim en s c o lle c te d during th e w in ter range In s iz e b etw een 8 .0 and 2 4 .0 mm, w ith a m ean siz e of 12.3 mm; th e s iz e of th o se c o lle c te d In the summer ranges betw een 7 .0 and 24.0 mm, w ith a mean s iz e value of 13.9 mm. Figure 38 and T able 25 show th e se se a s o n a l v a ria tio n s In siz e range and num ber per traw l-h o u r. T able 25. S e a so n a l ch an g es In s iz e range and num bers per traw l-h o u r for AcantheDhvra c u rtiro stris v a r. v Faxon c o lle c te d In w aters over the Velero B asin. S easo n S ize range Average no. (mm) traw l-h o u r W inter 8 .0 - 2 4 .0 8 .2 5 Spring none Summer 7 .0 - 2 4 .0 2. 10 Fall not sam pled M ales re p re se n te d betw een 3 6 .4 and 38.5% of the adult portion of the population in h ab itin g w aters b etw een 600 and 900 m e te r s , w ith th e ir rela tiv e abundance g e n erally dim inishing w ith d e p th . Figure 38. S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In m ean s iz e a n d s iz e ran g e for A canthephyra c u rtiro s tris v a r. * Faxon off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . 144 S IZ E Cmm) 145 25“ i)----- FEB NOV A U G FEB M A Y 146 A canthephyra prionota F o x to n . 1971 A canthephyra prionota F oxton, 1971, p. 35, fig s . 1 -2 . Only ten sp ecim en s of th is s p e c ie s w ere o b tain ed during th is stu d y . The c o lle c tio n co n ta in s both m ature and im m ature s p e c im e n s. Eight of the ten sp ecim en s w ere tak en in th e Velero Basin; a n o th er two specim ens w ere c o lle c te d in the San C lem ente Basin a re a . This is the first record of th is s p e c ie s from the e a s te rn North P acific O c e a n . Appendix IV, 3 8 -3 9 , lis ts th e p o sitiv e s t a tions . V ertical d istrib u tio n and m ig ratio n . In the co u rse of th is study A canthephyra prionota w as ta k e n in d e p th s ranging from 1,000 to 1,330 m e te rs. It had p rev io u sly been recorded from dep th s below 700 m eters both by day and by n ig h t, with la rg e r c a tc h e s betw een 1,000 and 1 ,300 m eters (Foxton, 1971). T able 26 show s the depths d is tr ib u tio n s . The lim ited m aterial and d ata a v a ila b le show no in d icatio n of diel v e rtic a l m igration. _A. prionota is a d e e p -w a te r s p e c ie s , w ith both m ature and im m ature In d iv id u als ap p aren tly occurring at th e sam e d e p th s . G eographic d is trib u tio n . Foxton (1971) reported th is sp ecies from th e North A tlantic O c e a n , n e ar the C ape Verde I s la n d s , and T able 26. P ercentage of p o sitiv e sam p les for A canthephyra prionota at d ifferen t depths during th e d ay and n ig h t. Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 27 1 3.7 San Clemente N I G H T 500- 800 18 0 0 800-1250 25 1 4 .0 D A Y 500- 800 5 0 0 800-1330 5 2 40.0 Velero N I G H T 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1330 3 1 33.3 147 148 from th e c e n tra l In d ia n O cean and on the e a s t c o a s t of Africa to th e north of the M ozam bique C h a n n e l. In th e e a s te rn N orth P acific A canthephyra prionota Is o n ly know n from off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia (this re p o rt). R eproductive c y c l e . N one of the four fe m a le s in th e stu d y c o lle c tio n s is o v igerous . Four of th e te n in d iv id u a ls e x am in e d w ere ta k e n during th e sp rin g (sta tio n s 11101, 11503, 12122), and a n o th er s ix during the sum m er (sta tio n s 11622 and 13301). The s iz e range of the sp rin g sp e c im e n s is 8 .0 to 1 7 ,0 mm w ith a m ean s iz e of 1 2 .8 mm; the s iz e of the sum m er sp e c im e n s ran g es b e tw e e n 8 .0 and 1 2 .0 mm w ith a m ean v a lu e of 1 0 ,3 mm, 3 vs te ll as pis braue rl (B a ls s ), 1914 S v s te lla s p is e c h in u ru s C o u tie re , 1911, p . 158. A canthephyra b raue rl B a ls s , 1914, p. 595, S v s te lla s p is d e n s is p in a S te p h e n s e n , 1923, p. 5 7 , fig . 17. S v s te lla s p is braueri B a ls s , 1925, p . 245, f ig s . 16-20; C h a c e , 1940, p . 180, fig . 50; C h a c e , 1947, p . 35; F o r s s , 1965, p. 3 9 , f ig s . 56- 61. T w o-h u n d red and n in e ty - s ix sp e c im e n s of_S. braue rl w ere o b ta in e d through th e p re s e n t stu d y . The c o lle c tio n In c lu d e s m ature and im m ature s p e c im e n s . A ppendix IV, 4 0 - 4 3 , l is ts th e p o sitiv e 149 s ta tio n s and c e rta in sam pling d a ta for S v s te lla s p is b ra u e rl. V ertical d istrib u tio n and m igration. T his s p e c ie s w as taken at depths ranging from 410 to 1 ,30 0 m eters. T able 27 show s the day and night depth d is trib u tio n s . The d a ta a v a ila b le in d ic a te th a t S . brauerl und ertak es diel v e rtic a l m ig ratio n s. W ith the e x ce p tio n of one Juvenile specim en (12,0 mm) c o lle c te d in the O uter S a n ta Barbara P a ssag e at 425 me ters during daytim e (sta tio n 11369), and w hich is m ost probably a contam inant from the previous haul (11368) taken at a maximum depth of 970 m e te rs, J5. brauerl has only been found in daytim e sam ples tak en b etw een 600 and 1,250 m e te rs , with mature in d iv id u als most frequently tak e n betw een 950 and 1,250 m eters. Adults as well as Juveniles show ed a som ew hat different nighttim e d e p th d istrib u tio n . P o sitiv e h au ls ta k e n at night ranged from 410 to 1 ,350 m e te rs, with m ature in d iv id u a ls (18. 0 - 42. 0 mm) frequently ta k e n in the 800- to 1 ,0 0 0 -m e te r le v e l. In the e a s te rn North Pacific th is s p e c ie s w as prev io u sly reported from depths of 1 ,000 m eters (F o rss, 1965). In the North A tlantic C hace (1940) found S.. braueri in sam ples tak en at depths betw een 2 ,1 0 0 and 3 ,0 0 0 m eters. It has a ls o b een found b etw een 150 and 1 ,5 0 0 m eters (Slvertsen a n d H o lth u is , 1956). G eographic d is trib u tio n . This sp e c ie s has been found off e a s t c o a s t of N orth A m erica, n ear Bermuda, th e B aham as, w est of M a d e ira , off th e C anary I s la n d s , north of T ristan da C u n h a, In Table 27. P ercentage of p o sitiv e sam ples for S v s te lla sp is braueri a t d ifferen t depths during the day and night off southern C a lifo rn ia . Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 500 17 1 5.9 500- 800 14 1 7.2 800-1100 7 4 57.7 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 500 33 0 0 500- 800 14 1 7.1 800-1100 7 4 57.7 D A Y 0 - 500 10 0 0 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1350 6 2 33.3 San N I G H T N icolas 0 - 500 13 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 5 55.2 150 Table 27. C ontinued Basin Depth Total no. No. positive Percentage range (m) sam ples sam ples positive D A Y 0 - 500 23 0 0 500- 800 18 2 11.1 San 800-1250 27 12 45.0 Clem ente N I G H T 0 - 500 31 0 0 500- 800 16 5 27.7 800-1250 25 15 60.0 D A Y 0 - 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 1 20.0 800-1330 5 4 80.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 6 3 50.0 500- 800 3 I 33.3 800-1330 6 4 67.0 151 152 th e e a s te r n Indian O c e a n , a n d In th e P a c ific O cean so u th of Ja p a n , north of th e E a s te r Is la n d s (S iv ertsen a n d H o lth u is , 1956). C h a c e (1940) rep o rte d on one sp ecim en ta k e n by th e ALBATROSS off Los A n g e le s, C a lifo rn ia . In the e a s te r n N orth P a c ific £ . brauerl is a t th e p re s e n t know n to o c c u r from off c e n tra l O regon (F o rs s, 1965) to off so u th e rn C alifornia* R eproductive c v c le . O nly 2*3% of th e m ature fem a le s c o l le c te d w ere o v ig e ro u s . T h ese w ere o b ta in e d in th e Velero Basin a re a ; th re e in th e sum m er (11.5% of th e a d u lt fe m a le s w ere ta k e n in th e summer) an d one In th e w in te r (7.8% of th e a d u lt fem a le s w ere c a p tu re d during th e w in ter). The rep ro d u c tiv e c y c le can n o t be inferred on th e b a s is of th e in su ffic ie n t d a ta a v a ila b le . Figure 39 show s th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in s iz e a n d s iz e ran g e for th e sp e c im e n s c o lle c te d . A drop of th e m ean s iz e during th e f a ll is d u e to th e p re s e n c e a t th a t tim e of In c re a s e d num bers of y o u n g . The low p e rc e n ta g e of im m ature in d iv id u a ls during th e sum m er, a lo n g w ith th e h ig h e r m ean s iz e o b tain ed for th a t sam e s e a s o n , se e m s to in d ic a te th a t it Is during th is tim e th a t th e la r v a e a re r e le a s e d . P e rc e n ta g e of im m ature in d iv id u a ls in c a tc h e s during th e v a rio u s s e a s o n s : W in ter 3 1 .5 Spring 3 5 .1 Summer 1 6 .8 F a ll 4 6 .0 E xam ination of th e e g g -la d e n fem a le s c o lle c te d during the sum m er re v e a le d th a t th e la rv a e w ere c lo s e to h a tc h in g ; th e ir e y e s Figure 39. S eason al v ariatio n in m ean s iz e a n d siz e range for S v s te lla s p is brauerl c o lle c te d off southern C a lifo rn ia . 153 S IZ E (mm) 154 2 5 “ 5 “ FEB M AY AUG NOV FEB 155 w e re v is ib le through th e egg m em b ran es. The ra tio of fe m a le s p e r m ale v a rie d s e a s o n a lly a s fo llo w s: F e m a le s /M a le W in te r 3 .8 / 1 Spring 1 0 .0 /1 Summer 6 .7 / 1 F a ll 3 .8 /1 Low v a lu e s a re su g g e s tiv e of th e period of ova p ro d u ctio n . T able 28 show s th e s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s in s iz e and num bers per tra w l-h o u r for £ . b ra u e rl. T able 28. S e a so n a l c h a n g e s In s iz e range and num bers p e r traw l- h o u r for S v ste lla sD is brau erl c o lle c te d in w a te rs off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia . Basin S eason S ize range A verage n o . / (mm) tra w l-h o u r W in ter 5 .0 - 2 5 .0 1 .6 Santa Spring 6 .0 - 1 8 .0 1 .2 C a ta lin a Summer none F all 4 . 0 - 1 4 . 0 1 .9 W in ter 8 .0 - 3 1 .0 1.1 San Spring 1 0 .0 - 2 1 .0 0 .7 5 N ic o la s Summer none F all n o t sam pled W in ter 5 . 0 - 3 9 .0 1 .0 San Spring 5 .0 - 3 7 .0 1 .2 C lem en te Summer 4 . 0 - 4 2 .0 1.1 F all 8 . 0 - 3 8 .0 1 .0 W in ter 8 . 0 - 3 7 .0 1 .4 Spring 7 .0 - 3 6 .0 1 .6 V glBIU Summer 6 . 0 - 3 9 .0 2 .5 Fall not sam pled 156 S y s te lla s p is c ris ta ta (F axon), 1893 A canthephyra c ris ta ta F a x o n , 1893, p . 206; 1 89 5, p . 1 6 2 , p i. 4 3 , fig . 1; A nd erso n , 1896, p . 94; A lcock, 1901, p . 82 . S v s te lla s p is a ib b a A lcock a n d A n derson , 1895, p . 141, p i. 2 5 , fig . 2. S v s te lla s p is c ris ta ta de M a n , 1920, p . 43; B a ls s , 1925, p . 2 4 0 , f ig s . 14-15; C h a c e , 1936, p . 29; H o lth u is , 1 951, p . 33; F lg u e lra , 1957, p . 3 4 , p i. 2 , fig . 2; F is h e r a n d G o ld ie , 1961, p . 79; F o r s s , 1965, p . 3 2 , f ig s . 6 2 -6 5 , O n e -h u n d red and th re e £ . c rls ta ta w ere c o lle c te d during th is stu d y . In a d d itio n , s e v e ra l more sp e c im e n s w ere o b tain ed from q u a lita tiv e s a m p le s ta k e n in th e San Pedro C h a n n e l. A ppendix IV, 4 4 - 4 7 , l i s t s th e p o s itiv e s ta tio n s and o th e r sam pling d a ta . V ertical d is trib u tio n a n d m ig ra tio n . S p ecim en s of £ . fillgtflta w ere found in sa m p le s ta k e n a t d e p th s from 90 to 1 ,2 5 0 m e te rs . It a p p e a rs th a t th is s p e c ie s h a s a very broad v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n ranging from 90 to 1 ,0 0 0 m eters during th e n ig h t, w ith h ig h e r c o n c e n tra tio n s b e tw e e n 300 and 500 m e te rs , and from 400 to 1 ,2 5 0 m eters during th e d a y , w ith sp e c im e n s more freq u e n tly c a p tu re d b e tw e en 400 a n d 800 m e te rs (Table 29). D epth rec o rd s of 0 to 1 ,6 2 0 and 3 ,2 0 0 m e te rs h a v e b een reported for th is s p e c ie s by H o lth u is (1951). It h a s been c o lle c te d off O regon a t a d ep th of 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs (F o rs s , 1965). G eo g rap h ic d is tr ib u tio n . S v s te lla s p is c r is ta ta o c c u rs in the A tla n tic , P a c if ic , a n d In d ian O c e a n s . In th e P a c ific it w a s firs t Table 29. P ercentage of p o sitiv e sam ples for S v s te lla sp is c ris ta ta a t different depths during th e day and n ight off southern C a lifo rn ia . Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 200 11 0 0 200- 500 42 0 0 500- 800 49 5 10.2 800-1100 31 3 9 .7 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0- 200 51 0 0 200- 500 34 0 0 500- 800 27 0 0 800-1100 13 2 15.4 D A Y 0 - 200 4 0 0 200- 500 6 0 0 500- 800 6 3 50.0 800-1350 6 1 16.7 San N icolas N I G H T 0- 200 4 0 0 200- 500 9 2 22.2 500- 800 3 1 33.3 800-1350 9 2 22.2 157 T able 29. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples N o. positiv e sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 200 8 0 0 200- 500 15 3 20.0 500- 800 18 8 44.5 800-1250 27 4 14.8 San Clem ente N I G H T 0 - 200 16 1 6 .2 5 200- 500 15 1 6.7 500- 800 18 8 4 4 .5 800-1250 25 5 2 0 .0 D A Y 200- 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 2 4 0 .0 800-1330 5 1 20.0 Velero N I G H T 200- 500 6 1 16.7 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1330 6 1 16.7 i 59 reported by Faxon (1893, 1895) from sam ples tak en by the ALBATROSS in th e G ulf of Panam a. In the A tlantic It h as b een c o l le c te d off w e st Africa (B a ls s, 1925; H o lth u is, 1951), n e a r M adeira (F ig u elra, 1957; F ish e r and G o ld ie , 1961), and off th e e a s t c o a s t of North America (Springer and B u llls, 1956). The Indian O cean records are from th e Arabian Sea and from C eylon (Alcock, 1901; H o lth u is, 1951). The e a s te rn N orth P acific O cean records Include c a p tu re s off c e n tra l Oregon (F o rss, 1965), off southern C alifornia (this report) and In the G ulf of Panama (Faxon, 1893, 1895). R eproductive c v c le . No ovigerous fem ales w ere captured during th e fall m onths w hen only th e Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem ente a re a s w ere sam p led . E gg -laden fem ales w ere relativ ely more ab u n d an t in th e early w in ter (Figure 40); m ost ovigerous fe m ales cap tu red during th is s e a s o n carried eggs w ith the e y es of th e larv ae v isib le through th e egg m em brane. Minimum p e rc en ta g es of ovigerous fem ales w ere recorded during th e spring m onths. Figueira (1957) reported one ovigerous fem ale of £ . c ris ta ta from the e a ste rn North A tlantic during M ay . A drop in the m ean s iz e and an e x te n sio n of th e low er lim it of th e s iz e range during the spring is show n in Figure 41 and Table 30. The a v a ila b le inform ation su g g e s ts th a t maximum num bers of e g g -la d e n fem ales a ctu ally o ccu r during th e fall w ith the la rv a e being re le a s e d by la te fall and early w in ter. The num ber of fem ales p er m ale re a c h e s a minimun v a lu e of 1 .5 /1 during th e sum m er w hen reproductive a c tiv itie s apparently Figure 4 0 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in th e p e rc e n ta g e of S v e te lla s p ie ciifilfllS fem a le s carrying o v a . F ig ure 4 1 . S e a so n a l v a ria tio n In m ean s iz e and s iz e ran g e for S v s te lla b d I s c ris ta t a c o lle c te d off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia . 160 SIZE (mm) % ADULT FEMALES 162 100 75“ 25- FEB FE B AUG NO V M A Y Table 30. Seasonal changes in size range and numbers per traw l-hour for Sv Stella so ls crista ta collected in w aters off southern C alifornia. Basin Season Size range (mm) Average n o . / traw l-hour Santa C atalina W inter Spring Summer Fall 1 0 .0 -1 2 .0 19.0 (one specimen) 6 .0 -1 7 .0 1 1 .0 -1 7 .0 1 .0 0.33 0 .3 5 0 .5 San N icolas W inter Spring Summer Fall 8 .0 - 2 1 .0 9 .0 (one specimen) none not sam pled 0 .8 0 .5 San Clem ente W inter Spring Summer Fall 7 .0 -2 2 .0 4 .0 - 1 6 .0 4 .0 -2 2 .0 1 3 .0 -2 2 .0 0.62 1.9 0 .6 0 .6 Velero W inter Spring Summer Fall 9 .0 - 2 0 .0 none 9 .0 - 2 0 .0 not sam pled 1.1 2 .0 163 b e g in . F e m a le s /M a le W in ter Spring Summer F all M enlngodora m o llis S m ith, 18B2 M anlnaodora m o llis S m ith, 1 8 8 2 , p . 7 1 4 , p i. 1 1 , f ig s . 8 - 9 , p i. 1 2 , f ig s . 5 -6 ; S iv e rtse n and H o lth u ls , 1 956, p . 12; F o r s s , 1965, p . 3 5 , f ig s . 2 6 -3 2 . H vm enodora m o llis B ate, 188 8 , p . 8 4 1 , p i. 1 3 6 , f ig . 5. N o to sto m u s fra a il Is F a x o n , 1895, p . 1 7 0 , p i. 4 4 , fig . 2. N o to sto m u s m o llis B a ls s , 1925, p . 2 6 6 , fig . 37; C h a c e , 1936, p . 28; C h a c e , 194 0 , p . 1 6 4 , fig . 38. A to ta l of 2 5 sp e c im e n s of M en in ao d o ra m o llis w a s c o l le c te d during th is stu d y . N one w a s found In e a r lie r q u a lita tiv e s a m p le s ta k e n in th e San P edro C h a n n e l. A ppendix IV, 4 8 - 5 1 , l i s t s th e p o s itiv e s ta tio n s a n d sa m p le d a ta . V ertical d is trib u tio n a n d m ig ra tio n . S iv e rtse n and H o lth u ls (1956) rep o rte d M en in ao d o ra m o llis in sa m p le s from d e p th s b e tw ee n 900 and 3 ,0 0 0 m e te rs . Off c e n tra l O regon th is s p e c ie s h a s b een ta k e n a t a d e p th of 1 ,0 0 0 m e te rs (F o rs s , 1965). The m a te ria l c o l le c te d du ring th e p r e s e n t stu d y is from d e p th s ranging b e tw ee n 700 and 1 ,2 0 0 m eters during th e d a y , w ith 90% of th e c a p tu re s m ade b e tw e e n 700 and 950 m e te rs , a n d from 560 to 1 ,2 5 0 m eters du ring 164 th e n ig h t, w ith 65% of the sp e c im e n s tak e n b e tw een 700 and 1,1 0 0 m e te r s . The a v a ila b le d a ta , in s u ffic ie n t a s th ey a re , in d ic a te th a t M en inaodora m ollis c o n c e n tra te s in th e 650- to 950-m eter le v e l during th e n ig h t, m oving in to som ew hat d e e p e r w a te rs during the day (Table 31). G eographic d is tr ib u tio n . T his s p e c ie s o c cu rs In the A tla n tic , P a c ific , and In d ian O c e a n s . In the A tlantic O c ea n it is known from off the e a s t c o a s t of N orth A m erica, n e a r Bermuda and the B aham as, from off the B razilian c o a s t and the Bay of B iscay (C h a ce , 1940), from th e In d ian O c ea n (B alss , 1925), and from the P acific O cean in P hilipp ine S e a (C h a c e , 1940), off c e n tra l O regon (F o rss, 1965), off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia (this rep o rt), and off C o s ta R ica, n e a r the C o c o s Is la n d (Faxon, 1895). R eproductive c v c l e . C h a c e (1940) reported a sin g le e g g la d e n fem ale (2 3 .4 mm) ta k e n in M ay 1930. F em ales o b tain ed d u r ing th e p re se n t stu d y ranged b e tw ee n 1 2 .0 and 3 3 .0 mm. G ravid or ovlgerous fem ales w ere a b s e n t. Figure 42 and T able 32 sh o w th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in m ean s iz e and s iz e range and the av erag e num ber per tra w l-h o u r for M eninao dora m o llis . A s in g le sp e c im e n (1 6 ,0 mm) w as cau g h t during the fall (sta tio n 12393). A p ro g re ssiv e red u c tio n in m ean s iz e is n o ted from w in te r to sum m er (Figure 42) . T his drop in m ean s iz e is d iffic u lt to e x p la in sin c e th e s m a lle s t In d iv id u a ls c o lle c te d during the sp rin g had c a ra p a c e le n g th s of 1 6 .0 mm. Im m ature sp e c im e n s w ere found only in sa m p le s ta k e n T able 31. P ercen tag e of p o sitiv e sam ples for M eninaodora m ollis at differen t dep th s during th e day and nig h t off southern C a lifo rn ia . Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. po sitive sam ples Percentag positive D A Y 0 - 500 51 0 0 500- 800 49 0 0 800-1100 31 3 9 .7 Santa C atalina N I G H T 0 - 500 85 0 0 500- 800 27 1 3 .7 800-1100 13 2 15.4 D A Y 0 - 500 10 0 0 500- 800 6 0 0 800-1350 6 2 33.3 San N icolas N 1 G H T 0 - 500 13 0 0 500- 800 3 0 0 800-1350 9 1 11.1 165 Table 31. C ontinued Basin Depth range (m) Total no. sam ples No. positive sam ples Percentage positive D A Y 0 - 500 23 0 0 500- 800 18 2 11.1 800-1250 27 3 11.1 San N T G H T Clem ente 0 - 500 31 0 0 500- 800 18 4 22.2 800-1250 25 1 4 .0 D A Y 0 - 500 9 0 0 500- 800 5 0 0 800-1330 5 2 40.0 Velero N I G H T 0 - 500 6 0 0 500- 800 3 1 33.3 800-1330 6 1 16.7 9 9 T Figure 42. S easo n al variatio n in m ean siz e and siz e range for M enlnoodora m ollis c o lle c te d off southern C a lifo rn ia . 167 SIZE 1 5- 5 - “ 1 1 1 1 1 FEB MAY AUG NOV FEB Table 32. Seasonal changes in size range and numbers per traw l-hour for M eninaodora mollis collected off southern C alifornia. Basin Season Size range (mm) Average n o . / traw l-hour W inter none Santa Spring 1 5 .0 -1 6 .0 0.25 C atalina Summer 1 5 .0 -2 5 .0 0.36 Fall none W inter 1 8 .0 -2 1 .0 0.33 San Spring 22.0 (one specimen) 0 .2 5 N icolas Summer none Fall not sampled W inter 1 7 .0 -3 0 .0 0.3 8 San Spring 2 6 .0 -3 2 .0 0.66 Clem ente Summer 1 2 .0 -1 7 .0 0.33 Fall 16.0 (one specimen) 0.33 W inter none Spring 20.0 (one specimen) 0.33 Vcleiv Summer 1 8 .0 -3 3 .0 0.25 Fall not sampled during th e sum m er m onths. Both th e reduction in m ean s iz e and the e x te n sio n of th e low er lim it of th e s iz e range during th is s e a s o n in d ic a te th at by sum m er rec en tly re le a s e d In dividuals join the po pulation . N otostom us perlatu s B ate, 1888 N otostom us peri at us B ate, 1888, p. 831, p i. 134, fig . 2; B a lss, 1925, p. 268, fig . 36; H o lth u ls , 1951, p. 29. N otostom us b rev lro stris B ate, 1888, p. 831 , pi. 134, fig . 2. A sin g le m ale sp e cim en (4 6 .5 mm) w as cap tu red during th is study at a depth of 1,000 m eters (statio n 10200) in the O uter S an ta Barbara P a s s a g e . T his Is the first record of N otostom us perlatus from th e e a s te rn North P acific O c ea n . V ertical d is trib u tio n . This s p e c ie s has been recorded from d ep th s b etw een 1 ,2 0 0 and 3 ,9 0 0 m eters (B alss, 1925). G eograp hic d istrib u tio n . N otostom us perlatu s h as been re ported from the A tlantic O c e a n , around Berm uda, the B aham as, the G ulf of M ex ico (there is som e doubt about th e s e d e te rm in a tio n s), from off Pernam buco, B razil, and th e Gulf of G uinea (C h ace, 1940 H o lth u ls, 1951). It has a ls o been found in th e In d ian O c e a n , off e a s t A frica, n e ar the C hagos A rchipelago, off Sum atra and n ear C e le b e s (H o lth u is, 1951). P reviously to th is study N,. p erlatu s w as not known from the e a s te rn North P a c ific. R eproductive c v c le . F em ales of th is s p e c ie s have not y e t been rep o rted . 171 Q u a lita tiv e O b serv a tio n s on th e S ta tio n s from W aters of th e S an Pedro C hannel F o rty -o n e of the 68 s ta tio n s o c cu p ied in th e region of the S a n Pedro C h an n el w ere c o n sid e re d ( s e e Appendix I - E ) . The s p e c im ens exam ined had been p reserv e d for som e tim e and many d e te r m ined to s p e c ie s by D r. J. C . Y aldw yn, during his e a rlie r a s s o c ia tion w ith the m idw ater p ro je c t. Fam ily PASIPHAEIDAE P aalp h aea em aro ln ata R athbun. 1902 T h ree-h u n d red and s ix ty -o n e sp e c im e n s of th is s p e c ie s were so rte d from 24 s ta tio n s e v e n ly d istrib u te d by day and night ( s e e A ppendix IV, 5 2 ). P o sitiv e daytim e s ta tio n s were occu p ied betw een 540 and 880 m e te rs , w ith sp e cim en s more frequently cap tu red in the 650- to 8 0 0 -m eter le v e l. P o sitiv e nighttim e h a u ls w ere tak en at d ep th s from 350 to 910 m e te rs , w ith th e population c o n ce n tra te d at about 500 m e te rs. All 42 o vigerou s fem ales were cap tu red during w in ter and sum m er months only; none w as found in sam p les ta k e n during th e fa ll. C a ra p a c e len g th s ranged from 6 .0 to 4 4 .0 mm. P a slp h a e a c h a c e l Y aldw yn, 1962 F our-hundred and tw e n ty -th re e sp e cim en s of P . c h ac el w ere o b tain ed from 22 s ta tio n s ranging in d ep th from 250 to 910 m e te rs . (S ee Appendix IV, 5 3 ). T his s p e c ie s w as so rte d from daytim e h a u ls ta k e n b etw een 540 and 815 m e te rs , th e d e e p e s t d a y 172 time h a u l. P. c h a c e l w as very abundant in tw o h a u ls (statio n s 7299, 7325). At night p o sitiv e h a u ls w ere ta k e n betw een 250 and 910 m e te rs , w ith 87% of th e sp e cim en s ob tain ed in the 250- to 700- m eter le v e l. T w en ty-one o v lg e ro u s fem ales were sorted from s p e c im ens ranging in s iz e from 6 .0 to 2 2 .0 mm. The recorded v e rtic a l range of P. c h a c e l in th e San Pedro B asin are a falls w ithin th e lim its found for th e s p e c ie s in the o ther b a sin s stu d ie d . The s h a l lo w est nighttim e p o sitiv e h a u l, h o w ever, w as tak en at 250 m e te rs , in c o n tra st to p o sitiv e sam p les ob tain ed at 90 m eters in the S a n ta C a ta lin a Basin a re a . The sig n ific a n c e of th is depth d ifferen ce will be d is c u s s e d in a la te r s e c tio n . P arap aslp h ae su lc a tifro n s Sm ith, 1884 O nly one im m ature sp e c im e n , 9 .0 mm, w as so rte d from all s ta tio n s taken in the a re a . T his im m ature specim en cam e from a daytim e haul (statio n 7375) ta k e n b etw een the su rface and 640 m e ters . G lvphus sp . a A sin g le sp ecim en of th is as y et u n d escrib ed p a slp h ae id w as ob tain ed in a daytim e haul (statio n 7299) ta k e n at 710 m e te rs. This sp e c ie s h a s a ls o b een found in the S an ta C a ta lin a and San C lem ente b a s i n s . Hvm enodora fro n talis R athbun, 1902 T his w as the m ost abundant oplophorld in the c o lle c tio n s . A to ta l of 3 ,7 7 2 in d iv id u a ls w as o b tain ed a t d ep th s ranging b etw een 173 640 and 910 m e te rs. (See Appendix IV, 54). P o sitiv e daytim e h au ls ranged in depth from 650 to 910 m e te rs , w ith large num bers of sp ecim en s ta k e n b etw een 800 and 910 m e te rs. This s p e c ie s w as found in nig httim e sam p les ta k e n a t d e p th s ranging betw een 640 and 820 m e te rs , its a b u n d an ce u su a lly in c re a sin g with depth (sta tio n s 7412, 8320). T hree-hu ndred and tw enty ovlgerous fem ales w ere sorted from sam p les ta k e n throughout th e year; Immature in d i v id u a ls w ere m ost ab u n d an t in th e summer s a m p le s. fro n ta lis w a s a b s e n t in nighttim e sam p les tak e n abo ve 640 m e te rs. C o lle c tion data in d ic a te th a t iJ . fro n talis h a s a narrow er v e rtic a l range in the San Pedro Basin th an in th e offshore b a s in s . Sv S te lla s pis c rls ta ta F ax o n , 1895 £3. c ris ta ta w a s p re s e n t in sm all num ber only in e ig h t s t a tio n s . (See A ppendix IV, 55). Only five in d iv id u als w ith c a ra p a c e len g th s from 7 .0 to 1 2 .0 mm w ere sorted from daytim e h a u ls tak en b etw een 660 and 860 m e te rs. Another four sp ecim en s w ere found In nighttim e h a u ls tak e n b etw een 640 and 910 m e te rs. A c o n s is te n t v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n cann ot be inferred from su ch lim ited inform a tio n . F aunal C om position The oplophorld and p a slp h a e id c a rld e a n fauna of th e San Pedro Basin area is c h a ra c te riz e d by (l) its low d iv e rsity (only tw o p a slp h a e id and one oplophorld s p e c ie s are a b u n d an tly rep resen ted ) and (2) th e a b u n d an c e of Im m ature form s. Both a s p e c ts seem to be 174 re la te d to the h y d ro lo g ic c o n d itio n s p rev ailin g in th e a re a . All p rin cip al w a ter m a s s e s of the e a s te r n N orth P a c ific O c ea n o ccu r In th is s h a llo w , in sh o re b a s in . B e ca u se of th e to p o g rap h y of th e b o rd e rla n d , m ixing of th e w a ter m a s s e s o c c u rs , le a v in g v e rtic a l z o n es w ith w a ters of tra n s itio n a l n a tu re . T h e e p i - , m e s o - , and b a th y p e la g ic w a ters of th is b a s in a re , of c o u rs e , s u b je c te d to s e a s o n a l flu c tu a tio n in tem perature and s a lin ity , acco rd in g to c h a n g e s In w a te r m ass c o m p o s itio n . In a d d itio n , th e s ill Is lo c a te d at a d ep th of 737 m e te rs , w ith the oxygen minimum la y e r th u s ly in g in th e b a th y p e la g ic z o n e . The p ro g re s siv e a lte ra tio n of the com ponent w a te r m a s s e s a s th e y move in to th e in sh o re b a s in s , and th e v e rtic a l reduction of th e m id w ater h a b ita t, s p e c ia lly th a t of th e b a th y p e la g ic z o n e , are en v iro n m en tal fac to rs w hich d o u b tle s s control th e d e n s ity , a b u n d a n c e , and v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of c a rid e a n d e c a pods In th is b a s in . A C o m p ariso n of th e O u te r S a n ta B arbara P a ss a g e and th e S an C lem en te B asin M a te ria ls The tw o offshore a re a s more freq u e n tly su rv e y ed during th e p re se n t stu d y w ere th e S a n ta C a ta lin a and S an C lem en te b a s in s . O n e -h u n d red h a u ls ta k e n in th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin w ere s e le c te d for co m p a riso n . The m aterial so rte d from th e s e s ta tio n s w as com pared w ith th a t o b tain ed from 142 sa m p le s from th e S an C lem ente B asin a re a . 175 Faurm l C o m p o sitio n C arefu l c o m p ariso n re v e a ls th a t th e s p e c ie s c o m p o sitio n s in th e s e tw o b a s in s are v ery s im ila r, show ing a m uch h ig h e r d iv e rs ity than th e San Pedro B asin a re a . W ith the e x c e p tio n of H vm enodora g l a d a lls and A canthephvra p fio n o ta . found only In d e e p h a u ls from the S an C lem en te B a sin , and of N otostom us p erlatu s . one sp e c im e n of w hich w as c a u g h t In the S an ta C a ta lin a B asin a r e a , th irte e n s p e c ie s of oplophorld and p a slp h a e id shrim p o c c u r in both a r e a s . S in ce the su rv e y In th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B asin a re a in c lu d e d more th an th e 100 s ta tio n s s e le c te d for th is part of the s tu d y , all a v a ila b le in fo rm atio n , in clu d in g s ta tio n reco rd s and s p e c im e n s , w as exam ined c a re fu lly In order to a c h ie v e a b e tte r u n d e rsta n d in g of the s p e c ie s co m p o sitio n In th is reg io n . All sp e c ie s e x am in ed from n o n -q u a n tita tiv e sa m p le s w ere a ls o p re se n t in the q u a n tita tiv e o n e s . T able 33. N um ber and depth d istrib u tio n of daytim e and nighttim e q u a n tita tiv e h a u ls tak e n In the S a n ta C a ta lin a and S an C lem en te B a sin s. S a n ta C a ta lin a S an C lem en te D epth D ay N ight D ay N ight range (m) 0 - 200 4 29 8 16 200- 500 13 11 15 15 500- 800 15 14 18 18 800-10 00 (plus) 7 7 27 25 T otal 39 61 68 74 176 The num ber of s ta tio n s ta k e n a t d ifferen t d e p th s during the day and night w as qu ite sim ila r for each b a s in , w ith the e x c e p tio n of th o s e ta k e n in th e up p er 200 m eters in both the Santa C a ta lin a and San C lem ente b a s in s , th e m ajority of w hich w ere ta k e n during the n ighttim e. E xam ination of th e depth d istrib u tio n of h a u ls re v e a ls a high p e rc en ta g e of sam p les from th e San C lem en te Basin ta k e n in the BOO to 1 ,0 0 0 -m e te r le v e l. T hese v a ria tio n s in th e sam pling schedule may In part a c c o u n t for th e d ifferen c e s in to ta l num ber of sp ecim en s c a p tu re d . In the San C lem ente B asin, for e x am p le , 27 daytim e h au ls w ere tak e n in the 8 0 0 - to 1 ,0 0 0 -m e te r le v e l, a s com pared w ith only sev en tak e n a t the sam e depth in th e Santa C a ta lin a Basin. V ertical D istrib u tio n and M igration T able 34 and 35 show th e s p e c ie s co m p o sitio n s for th e Santa C a ta lin a an d San C lem en te b a s in s , re s p e c tiv e ly . T hose s p e c ie s canm on to both a re a s ex h ib it sim ilar m igratory h a b its . The ex ten t of th e recorded d le l c h an g e s in depth d istrib u tio n for P a rap a sip h a e s u lc a tifr o n s . Hvm enodora f r o n ta lis , and Sv S te lla s pis c rls ta ta v a rie s according to the b a s in , being c o n s is te n tly l e s s in th e Santa C a ta lin a a re a . This a s p e c t w ill be d is c u s s e d la te r, P a slp h a ea em aralnata c o lle c te d only from th e s e tw o b a s in s w a s m ost frequently ta k e n in w a ters of th e Santa C a ta lin a a r e a , w ith nighttim e c a tc h e s of up to 82 In d iv id u a ls p e r tra w l-h o u r (statio n 10472, a t 150 m eters). 177 T able 34, C a tc h e s of c a rid e a n shrim ps In c o lle c tio n s to various d ep th s w ithin th e upper 1,100 m eters ln w a te rs over the S an ta C a ta lin a B asin, 0 - 200 m 33 sam p les 0 - 500 m 24 sam p les 0 - 800 m 29 sam ples 0-1100 m. 14 sam ples P a sip h a e a D 31 9 33 em arg in ata N 82 4 55 30 P a sip h a e a D 658 88 31 ch acel N 58 65 12 43 P a sip h a ea D 6 2 pacific a N 1 P a sip h a e a D 8 3 c o rte z la n a N 4 P arap aslp h ae D 7 6 su lc a tlfro n s N 4 8 P a rap a slp h a e D 1 1 c ris ta ta N G lyphus sp . a D N 1 Hym enodora D 633 10,520 fro n talis N 464 7,663 Hym enodora D 1 g ra c ilis N 11 16 H ym enodora D g la c la lls N A canthephyra D 3 6 12 c u rtiro stris N 7 9 S y s te lla s p ls D 1 2 23 brauerl N 4 30 178 T ab le 3 4 . C o n tin u ed 0- 200 m 0 - 500 m 0 - 800 m 0-1100 33 24 29 14 s am pie s sam p les sam p les sam ples S v s te lla s o is D 5 3 c ris ta ta N 3 M eninaodora D 1 2 m ollis N 179 T able 35. C a tc h e s of carid ean shrim ps in c o lle c tio n s to various dep ths w ithin the upp er 1,330 m eters in w aters over the San C lem ente B asin. 0 - 200 m 0- 500 m O' 800 m 0-1330 m 24 30 36 52 sam ples sam p les sam ples sam p les PaslD haea D 1 3 ern&rflinpt? N 3 5 PaslD haea D 2 291 208 117 ch a c e l N 49 188 38 117 PaslD haea D 3 1 pacific a N 1 PaslD haea D c o rte z la n a N 2 1 1 ParaoaslD hae D 9 13 22 su lc a tifro n s N 3 2 15 28 ParaoaslD hae D 7 c ris ta ta N 2 G lvphus s p . a D 3 N 1 Hvm enodora D 19 293 1,107 fron talis N 1 512 2 ,0 0 0 H vm enodora D 6 185 a ra c llis N 13 404 H vm enodora D 1 a la c la lis N 12 A cantheohvra D 20 118 86 c u rtlro strls N 21 75 70 A cantheohvra D 1 d d o not a N 1 180 T ab le 35. C o n tin u ed 0 - 200 m 24 sam ples 0 - 500 m 30 sam p les 0- 800 m 36 sam ples 0-1330 m 52 sam ples S v s te lia sP is D 6 55 feEBUfill N 6 69 Sygtgllagplg D 9 18 4 criatftta N 4 2 18 8 M eninaodora D 2 4 m ollis N 5 181 The narrow er d ep th ra n g e s found for P a s ip h a e a e m a m ln a ta . £,• P a c if ic a . £ . c o r te z ia n a . P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlf r o n s . H ym enodora f r o n ta lis , a n d S y s te lla s p ls c ris ta ta may be due to th e c h a r a c te r is tic s of the lo c a l w a te r s . All th re e w a te r m a s s e s of th e e a s te r n North P a c ific o c cu r in Santa C a ta lin a B asin, w ith z o n e s of tr a n s i tio n a l n atu re re s u ltin g from m ixing of th e w a te r s . The oxygen c o n te n t of th e b a th y p e la g ic w a te rs In Santa C a ta lin a B asin is re la tiv e ly h ig h er th an in the in sh o re b a s in s a s th e oxygen minimum la y e r o c c u rs w e ll a b o v e th e s ill of th e b a s in , th e am ount of d is s o lv e d oxygen in c re a s in g w ith depth beyond th a t la y e r. T h ese en vironm en ta l p a ra m e te rs may a c c o u n t for th e g re a te r d iv e rs ity o b se rv e d in th e Santa C a ta lin a are a w hen com pared to th a t of th e San Pedro B asin. H igher d iv e rs ity a n d w id er v e rtic a l ra n g e s a re e x p e c te d to o c c u r in the d eep o ffsh o re b a s i n s , &. g . , San C le m e n te , for w h ic h s ills a re lo c a te d w e ll below the o x yg en minimum la y e r, so th a t th e b a s in w a te rs h a v e a re la tiv e ly high oxygen v a lu e . The co m p lex ity of th e m idw ater c a rld e a n fauna in h ab itin g th e s e d e e p , o ffsh o re b a s in s r e f le c ts the c o m p lex ity of th e hyd rologic r e g im e : th e e p ip e la g lc zone is dom inated by S u b arctic W ater; th e m e so p e la g ic i s tra n s itio n a l w ith S u b a rc tic , e a s te rn N orth P a c ific C e n tra l, and E quatorial P a c ific c o m p o n e n ts; th e b a th y p e la g ic Is predom inantly E quatorial P a c ific W a te r. B ecau se of th e tr a n s itio n a l n a tu re of th e In term ed iate d e p th s n o rthern a n d so u th ern s p e c ie s o c cu r in th is w a te r s , g . g . , P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tlf r o n s . H vm enodpra o l a c l a l l s . P a sip h a e a e m a m ln a ta a n d A canthephvra c u rtiro s tris v a r. £ F axon. CHAPTER V DISCUSSION S p e c ie s C o m p o sitio n The m id w ater c a rld e a n d e c a p o d fau n a off so u th e rn C a lifo rn ia is m ade up prim arily of oplophorld and p a s lp h a e id sh rim p . A to ta l of s e v e n te e n s p e c ie s w as stu d ie d ; nine of t h e s e , b e lo n g in g to th e fam ily O p lo p h o rld a e , are prim arily b a th y p e la g ic form s. P opulatio n S iz e The re la tiv e a b u n d an c e of the s e v e n te e n s p e c ie s of c a rld e a n d e c a p o d s s tu d ie d c h a n g e d c o n s id e ra b ly w ith d e p th , tim e of d a y , and s e a s o n . Figure 43 sh o w s th e s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in th e s iz e of the oplophorld and p a s lp h a e id p o p u latio n s occurring off so u th e rn C a li fornia acco rd in g to th e c a lc u la te d num bers p er tra w l-h o u r. The num bers o b ta in e d are probably so m ew h at d is to rte d b e c a u s e th e proportion of sa m p le s ta k e n at v a rio u s d e p th s and tim es v a rie d throughout th e y e a r and b e c a u s e sa m p lin g of th e S a n N ic o la s and V elero b a s in s d uring th e fa ll m onths w as in a d e q u a te . The c y c lic p a tte rn g iv e s a g e n eral id e a of the c h a n g e s in p o p u latio n d e n s ity and form s a b a s is for a la te r d is c u s s io n . H o rizo n ta l D istrib u tio n T he g e o g ra p h ic d is trib u tio n of p e la g ic o rg an ism s o ften c o rre la te s w ith th e lim its of th e p e la g ic p ro v in ces of the o c e a n , u sin g the c rite rio n of w a te r m a s s e s . T h e se m a s s e s o rig in a te a s a c o n s e - 182 F igure 43, S e a so n a l v a ria tio n in num ber p e r tra w l-h o u r for th e oplophorld a n d p a s lp h a e id p o p u latio n off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia . 183 N U M B ER P E R TRAWL-HOUR 184 6 “ 4 “ FEB M AY FEB AUG NOV 185 quence of sinking or m ixing of w a te r in sp e c ific reg io n s a n d are id en tifie d by m eans of c h a ra c te ris tic re la tio n sh ip s of tem perature to sa lin ity a s proposed by Sverdrup, aJ.. (1942). (See C h a p te r II for and a n a ly s is of lo c a l w a te r s ) . Among th e C r u s ta c e a , for e x am p le, Brlnton (1962) found th at P acific e u p h a u slld s p e c ie s ex h ib it geo g rap h ic d istrib u tio n s w hich are lim ited to fau n al z o n es c h a ra c te riz e d by d eterm ined w a ter m a s s e s . Further su rv ey s a re required before co n crete sta te m e n ts on th e c o rre latio n of c a rld e a n d e ca p o d s w ith different w ater m a s s e s can be m ade. On the b a s is of the p re se n t stu d y , h o w ev er, som e ev id e n ce h as been a ccu m u lated regarding th e o ccu rren ce of sev eral c arld ea n s p e c ie s in the borderland w a te rs . Off C alifo rn ia and Baja C alifo rn ia S ubarctic W ater and E quatorial W a te r converge in to a region of tra n s itio n a l nature* with a high degree of mixing occurring in th e m eso p elag lc z o n e. It is a t th e s e in term ed iate d e p th s th a t th e h ig h e st sp e c ie s d iv e rsity h a s been found. P a sip h a ea P acifica a n d £,. c h a c e l . reco rd ed a s far north a s O regon, o ccu r off southern C alifornia in th e sam e h a b i ta t a s £ . e m am ln ata and A cantheohvra c u rtiro strls v ar. y F axon, w hich have been c o lle c te d a s far south a s off A capulco, M e x ico . It w ould a p p e a r th a t th e s e borderland w a ters p o s s e s th e e co lo g ic e le m e n ts n e c e s s a ry to support s p e c ie s of su b a rctic a s w ell a s e q u ato ria l a ffin itie s . In a d d itio n , th e s e Interm ediate w a ters c o n stitu te th e only known h a b ita t for P a sip h a e a c o rte z la n a . In review ing the known d istrib u tio n s of oplophorld and 186 p a slp h ae id carl d ean s In are as o th er th an th a t off southern C alifornia 1 have been forced to u s e more or le s s arbitrary regions th a t a c tu a lly rep re se n t o cean ic a re a s in w hich surv eys of the b ath y p elag ic fauna have b een c arried out and w hich do not n e c e s s a rily rep resent faunal regions. Eleven new records have been e s ta b lis h e d through th is stu d y . Among t h e s e , e ig h t are new for southern C alifo rnian w aters: P a rap a slp h a e s u lc a tlf r o n s . P. c ris ta ta . Hvm enodora g r r e i U s , H . g l a c l a l l s , A canthephyra c u rtlro stris W o o d -M aso n , A canthephyra c u rtlro strls v a r. £ F axon, S y s te lla s p is c r i s t a t e , and M enlngodora m o llis . Another th ree s p e c ie s are reported for the firs t tim e from the e a s te rn North P acific O cean: A canthephyra p rlo n o ta . Notostom us p e r la tu s , and G lyphus s p . a. The rem aining six s p e c ie s observed In this stu d y had p rev io u sly been recorded from lo ca l w a te rs. V ertical D istrib u tio n and M igration The oplophorld and p a slp h ae id c arld ea n decapo ds stu d ied can be se p a ra te d in to tw o c a te g o rie s according to th e ir v e rtica l d istrib u tio n . The members of the genus P a s ip h a e a . th e g la ss - shrim p, are prim arily e p l- and m eso p elag lc forms with th eir d a y tim e c e n te rs of abundance betw een 200 and 800 m e te rs. The m embers of the genus P a rap a slp h a e and m ost s p e c ie s of O plo- phoridae w ith th e e x ce p tio n of S v s te lla s p ls c ris ta te , w hich was u su a lly c o lle c te d at night In e p ip e la g ic w a te r s , are prim arily m eso - and b a th y p elag ic forms w ith daytim e c e n te rs of abundance b etw een 187 400 and 1 ,2 0 0 m e te rs . N one of th e s p e c ie s exam ined w a s c o n fin ed to e p ip e la g ic w a te rs o r c o lle c te d a b o v e 90 m e te rs . The s e a s o n a l flu c tu a tio n s in th erm o clln e In te n s ity h a d no a p p a re n t e ffe c t on the v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of m ost o p lo p h o rid s and th re e of th e p a s lp h a e id s p e c i e s , P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tif r o n s , P. c r i s t a t e , a n d G ly p h u s s p . w hich a re re s tric te d to d e p th s below th a t of th e sum m er th e rm o c lln e . O nly P a sip h a e a c h a c e l w a s c o l le c te d a t n ig h t w ith in th e u p p er 100 m e te rs , P a s ip h a e a em arg in ata and S y s te lla s p is c r l s t a t a , ta k e n a t n ig h t b etw een 100 and 200 m e t e r s , w e re a p p a re n tly in c a p a b le of p e n e tra tin g th e zo n e of rapid tem p eratu re c h a n g e re c o rd ed in th e 5 0 - to 100-m e te r le v e l. It se e m s p o s s ib le th a t for P _ . c h a c e l th e upper lim it of its m ig ration is re p re s e n te d by th e th erm o clln e; if so i ts in a b ility to p e n e tra te th e th erm o clln e w a s a p p a re n t e v e n during th e w in te r w hen th e tem p e ra tu re g ra d ie n t w a s q u ite re d u c e d . For tw o s p e c ie s of H vm enodora: £ . fro n ta lis a n d g . g r a c i l i s , th e upper lim it of m ig ratio n se e m s to be in flu e n c e d by th e com b in ed e ffe c ts of te m p e ra tu re and s a lin ity . N e ith e r s p e c ie s w a s c o lle c te d a b o v e 200 m e te rs. Some of th e r ic h e s t sa m p le s w ere ta k e n a t d e p th s below 400 m e te rs , in a zone of low o x ygen c o n c e n tra tio n , s u g g e stin g th a t o x y g e n -p o o r w a te rs do not sig n ific a n tly a ffe c t th e num bers a n d d i v e rs ity of p e la g ic c a rid e a n s in h a b itin g th e tra n s itio n a l w a te rs of th e bord erland a re a . W a te rs below s ill d ep th w e re sam p led only in th e Santa 188 C a ta lin a and S an N ic o la s b a s in s . The low num bers of p a sip h a e ld s and oplophorlds reco rd ed are d iffic u lt to e x p la in on th e b a s is of th e lim ited sa m p le s a v a ila b le . F u rth er stu d y of th e s e d e e p w a ters w ill sh o w one of tw o p o s s ib ilitie s : (l) th a t th e p o p u latio n s p re s e n t th e re are a s d iv e rs e as th o se in h a b itin g th e overly in g w a t e r s , or (2) th a t th e p h y sic a l and c h em ic al c h a ra c te ris tic s of the w a te rs of so u th e rn origin a c t a s a b a rrie r prev en tin g one or more s p e c ie s from su rv iv in g in them . The h y d ro lo g ic inform ation p re s e n te d and a n a ly z e d in C h a p te r II a c c o u n ts for w a te rs dow n to 500 m e te rs . Below th is d e p th It has not b een p o s s ib le to c o rre la te the p re s e n c e , and in se v e ra l c a s e s th e re s tric tio n , of the s p e c ie s of c arl d e a n d e c a p o d s w ith th e am bient p h y sic a l and c h em ic al p a ra m e te rs . D iel flu c tu a tio n s in th e p a tte rn s of v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n are a p p aren t for m ost c a rid e a n s s tu d ie d . Although th e o c cu rre n c e of v e rtic a l m igration Is m entioned In th e in d iv id u al s p e c ie s a c c o u n ts , fu rth er d is c u s s io n of th o se s p e c ie s e x h ib itin g the c le a r e s t m igrato ry p a tte rn s a p p ea rs Ju s tifie d . P a s ip h a e a e m a ro ln a ta T his s p e c ie s has b een reco rd ed during the p re se n t stu d y as m igrating v e rtic a lly w ith in a range of from 150 to 1 ,1 0 0 m e te rs. The stu d y of daytim e sa m p le s show ed m ost freq u en t o c cu rren c e b e tw e e n 200 and 800 m e te rs , w ith larg e adult forms u s u a lly found b elo w 400 m e te rs . After d u sk P. e m a ro ln a ta w as c a p tu re d a t 189 d e p th s as sh a llo w as 150 m eters w ith a d u lts more freq u e n tly ta k e n b e tw e e n 300 and 600 m eters (Figure 44). The In c re a s e In num bers p e r tra w l-h o u r o b tain ed b e tw ee n 900 and 1 ,1 0 0 m eters is probably due to the oblique sam plin g of the zone of high c o n c e n tra tio n during low ering and retriev in g of the tra w l. Pasiphaea chacel During daytim e th is s p e c ie s is re s tric te d to d e p th s g re a te r th a n 200 m eters; w hile m ost ab u n d an t betw een 300 and 600 m e te rs , sp e c im e n s w ere o b tain ed from sa m p le s tak e n as d e e p a s 1 ,3 5 0 m e t e r s . At n ig h t, h o w e v er, £ . c h a c e i is more freq u e n tly found In the 9 0 - to 5 0 0 -m eter le v e l. T his d ifferen c e b etw een day and night up p er lim its of d istrib u tio n Is in d ic a tiv e of d iel v e rtic a l m ig ratio n . As show n in Figure 4 5 , th is s p e c ie s w as a ls o cau g h t i n d e e p nighttim e h a u ls , down to 1 ,3 5 0 m e te rs . T his v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n during the night and th e o c cu rren c e of th e s p e c ie s In daytim e h a u ls d e e p e r th a n 1 ,1 0 0 m eters are c o n s id e re d , as In the p rec ed in g c a s e , th e re s u lt of c o n ta m in a tio n from sh a llo w e r w a ters a s th e net w as low ered and re trie v e d . The a v a ila b le d a ta show th a t in d iv id u a ls ta k e n In sh a llo w and d e e p w a te rs e x h ib it sim ila r siz e ra n g e s , s e x r a t i o s , and reproductive c o n d itio n s , w h ich o th erw ise could in d ic a te th e p re s e n c e of a "m igratory" pnd a "no n -m ig rato ry " se g m en ts in the p o p u latio n . P a ra p a sip h a e su lc a tifro n s In c o n tra s t to th e m ost tra n s p a re n t m em bers of th e g en u s P a s ip h a e a . the red ish shrim p belon gin g to the gen u s P a ra p a sip h a e Figure 44. Day and night depth d istrib u tio n of P a sip h a e a e m a ro ln a ta . b a se d on the av erag e num ber per traw l-h o u r. From sam ples tak e n in the Santa C a ta lin a , San N ic o la s , a n d San C lem ente b a s i n s . 190 D E PT H Cm) 191 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 10 0 10 20 10 0 10 20 NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR Figure 45. Day and night depth d istrib u tio n of P a sip h a ea c h a c e l off southern C a lifo rn ia, b a s e d on the av erag e num ber p e r traw l-h o u r. 192 D E PT H (m ) 193 200 “ 400 “ 600 “ 800 “ D A Y NIGHT 1.000 “ 1.200 20 10 0 10 20 NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR 194 have d epth ranges w hich ex ten d into the b ath y p elag ic z o n e . During daytim e .P. su lc atifro n s has been c o lle c te d from 410 to 1,350 m eters (the d e e p e s t haul ta k e n ) , w ith h ig h e st co n ce n tra tio n s a t depths ranging from 450 to 1,350 m eters. At n ig h t, P. su lc a tifro n s has b een ta k e n b etw een 410 and 1,350 m e te rs, w ith large num bers of sp ecim en s caug ht in the up p er 400 m eters of the range (Figure 46). The o ccurrence of this s p e c ie s in sam p les ta k e n a t depths g re a te r th an 800 m eters may in part be due to contam ination from upper le v e ls ; h ow ever, su ffic ie n tly large num bers of sp ecim en s were recov e re d from th e se d e e p , daytim e and nighttim e hau ls to su g g e st th at th e range may ex ten d to th o se d e p th s . Large in d iv id u a ls , 2 8 .0 mm or larg e r, were rath er frequent in su c h d e ep h a u ls . M o s ta d iit s p e c im ens w ere ob tain ed from daytim e sam ples ta k e n below 650 m eters; a t night su ch in d iv id u a ls a p p eared in sam ples from 500 m e te rs. It seem s probable th a t large P. su lc atifro n s rem ain in the low er por tion of the depth range and th a t during daytim e th e se are re stric te d to depths below 1 ,1 0 0 m e te rs , a scen d in g in to m eso p elag lc w aters a t night. Hvm enodora frontalis T his s p e c ie s is re stric te d to depths below 200 m e te rs. D a y - and nighttim e p o sitiv e sa m p le s w ere tak e n a s d e e p a s 1 ,3 5 0 m eters (d ee p est haul ta k e n ) . Although the upper and low er lim its of the v e rtic a l range seem to rem ain th e sam e during the day and night (Figure 4 7 ), se v e ra l c h an g es are n o ted . Adult sp ecim en s (1 5 .0 - 2 0 .0 mm), m ost abund ant below 1,0 0 0 m eters during the d a y , a p - Figure 46. Day and night depth distrib u tio n of P arap asip h ae su lc atifro n s off southern C a lifo rn ia , b a se d on the av erag e num ber per traw l-h o u r. 195 0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0 0.5 NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR 197 p e a r a t d ep th s of 800 m eters a t n ig h t. M ost h au ls ta k e n in the 20 0 - to 3 0 0 - m eter le v e l during the day y ield ed la rg e num bers of im m ature fo rm s, w h ile a t night both m ature and Im mature in d iv id u a ls w ere tak e n a t th o se d e p th s . The a v a ila b le e v id e n ce in d ic a te s a d iel ch an g e In v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of the various com ponents of the population of f r o n ta lis . Hvmenodora g ra c ilis During daytim e th is s p e c ie s Is re s tric te d to d e p th s g re a te r than 600 m e te rs, a n d , w hile frequently recov ered b etw een 800 and 1,000 m e te rs. It is ap p aren tly m ost ab u n d an t below 1 ,1 0 0 m eters. During n ig h ttim e , h o w ev er, H , g ra c ilis o c cu rs betw een 200 and 600 m e te rs , a s w e ll a s betw een 700 and 1,2 0 0 m eters (Figure 48). The ob serv ed d isc o n tin u o u s v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n , both during the day and during th e n ig h t, s u g g e sts th a t th e population is div ided into tw o portio ns: an upper com ponent of Immature In d iv id u a ls , and a low er one of m ature o rg a n ism s, both segm ents m igrating s e p a ra te ly on a d ie l b a s is . A canthephvra c u rtlro stris W o o d -M aso n During daytim e th is s p e c ie s Is re s tric te d to d e p th s g re a te r than 400 m eters a n d w h ile it is abund ant betw een 500 and 900 me t e r s , sp ecim en s h a v e been reco v ered from a depth of 1 ,3 3 0 m eters. Juvenile forms o ccu r b etw een 400 and 600 m e te rs. M ature in d iv id u a ls a re more frequently found below 600 m eters. At n ig h t the pop ulation show s a som ew hat d ifferent distrib u tio n : Ju v e n ile s and Figure 4 7 . Day and night depth d istrib u tion of Hvmenodora fron talis off southern C a lifo rn ia , b ased on th e average number per traw l-hour. 198 DEPTH Cm) 199 0 NIGHT NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR Figure 4 8 . Day and night depth distribu tion of Hvmanodora g r a c ilis off southern C a lifo rn ia , b a sed on the average number per traw l-hour. 200 DEPTH (m) Z01 0 200 " 800 1.0 0 0 " D A Y 1.200 NIGHT 4 0 4 NUMBER PER TRAWL HOUR 202 young ad u lts commonly o ccur in the 375- to 600 -m eter level w ith large in d iv id u als m ost abundant betw een 600 and 1 ,0 00 m eters. The observed d ifferen ces betw een day and night d istrib u tio n s are In d ic a tiv e of diel v e rtic a l m igration (Figure 49). P ossibly only part of the population m igrates tow ards the surface at night w hile som e in d iv id u als rem ain In d eep er w a te rs. This seem s to be the c a s e when c o n sid erin g the ob serv ed d ifferen c e s In s iz e : the sp ecim en s rec o v ered from deep hauls are u su a lly larg e r. No sig n ific a n t differences were noted In the se x ratio s betw een sp ecim en s c o lle c te d In m eso - and ba thy pelagic w aters . S v s te lla s p is braueri Figure 50 show s the day and night depth d istrib u tio n s of S . b r a u e r i. Ind iv iduals of this s p e c ie s w ere tak en a t depths ranging from about 400 to 1 ,350 m e te rs, both during the d a y - and nighttim e. A d isc o n tin u o u s d istrib u tio n , how ever, w as recorded during the d a y , w ith one im m ature specim en c o lle c te d a t 410 m eters (station 11369). I have co n sid ere d th is specim en to be a co n tam i nant from the previous sam ple (statio n 11368) taken at a maximum depth of 970 m eters. M ost daytim e sam ples were obtained at depths ranging betw een 600 and 1 ,2 0 0 m e te rs , w ith adult forms m ost frequently tak en below 900 m eters. Large Individuals seem to Inhabit d e e p e r w aters during the d ay tim e, moving into sh a llo w er w aters after d u sk . At n ig h t, m ature sp ecim en s w ere ob tained from 410 m eters. Large in d iv id u als w ere so rted from h a u ls tak en below 1 ,000 m e te rs. Although som e of th e s e sp ecim en s may have been Figure 49. Day and n ig h t depth d istrib u tio n of A canthephvra cUTtlrPBtflg off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , b a se d on the a v e r age num ber p e r tra w l-h o u r. 203 DEPTH ( m ) 204 200 “ 4 0 0 - 6 0 0 " 800 1 .000 " 1.200 NIGHT 2.0 0 2.0 NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR Figure 50. D ay and night depth d istrib u tio n of S v s te lla s P ls ftrgugrj off southern C a lifo rn ia , b a s e d on the average num ber per tra w l-h o u r. 205 1.0 0 1.0 10 0 1.0 number per trawl-hour 207 c o lle c te d a s th e traw l p a s s e d through the upper la y e rs (400 to 600 m eters) , su ffic ie n t num bers of sp ecim en s w ere found In nighttim e sam p les from w a te rs below 1,000 m eters to in d ic a te th a t th is s p e c ie s d o e s in d eed o ccu r a t th e s e d e p th s a t n ig h t. Sv s t e l l a s d I s c r i s t a ta This is th e only oplophorid s p e c ie s tak en abo ve 200 m eters a t n ig h t. During daytim e £ . c ris ta ta is found betw een 400 and 1.200 m eters w ith larg er c o n ce n tra tio n s betw een 400 and 700 m e te r s . At night it o c cu rs a t d ep th s ranging from a b o u t 100 to 1,100 m e te rs. Immature sp e cim en s w ere m ost frequently tak e n betw een 100 and 400 m e te rs , and a d u lts b etw een 400 and 800 m eters. There is no d ifferen c e in s iz e betw een in d iv id u als from below 800 m eters and th o se from the upper la y e rs . O vigerous fem ales w ere p re s e n t in sim ila r proportions in sam p les ta k e n betw een 550 and 1.200 m e te rs. Figure 51 show s the recorded depth d istrib u tio n s. S v s te lla s p is c ris ta ta a p p e a rs to be th e only oplophorid s p e c ie s w ith an upper depth range w ithin th e e p lp e la g lc zone a t nig h t. The a d u lt portion of the population found below 600 m eters during th e d a y tim e , m ig rates into th e 2 0 0 - to 800-m e te r le v e l a t nig h t. In th e foregoing se c tio n of th is d is c u s s io n it h a s been show n th a t there are se v e ra l p a tte rn s of v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n and m igration am ong oplophorid an d p a slp h a e id c a rld e a n s occurring off southern C a lifo rn ia . In g e n eral there h a s been o b se rv ed an in - Figure 51. Day and night depth d istrib u tio n of S v s te lla s o ls c rls ta ta off southern C a lifo rn ia , b a se d on th e av erage num ber p e r traw l-h o u r. 208 DEPTH 209 2 0 0 " 4 00- 600- NIGHT DAY 1.000- 1.200 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 NUMBER PER TRAWL-HOUR 2 1 0 c re a s e in s p e c ie s d iv e rs ity w ith d e p th . The v e rtic a l d istrib u tio n of c e rta in in te rz o n a l s p e c i e s , fi.fl,., th o s e of th e g e n u s P a s ip h a e a ,. is l e s s d e p e n d e n t on th e d istrib u tio n of w a te rs of d ifferen t p h y s ic o -c h e m ic a l c h a r a c te r is tic s . M o st s p e c ie s stu d ie d carry out d ie l v e rtic a l m ig ratio n s th e e x te n t of w hich v a rie s w ith e ach s p e c i e s , som e risin g a t n ig h t to th e low er la y e rs of th e p ro d u ctiv e z o n e , a* a - * P a s ip h a e a c h a c e l . £ . e m a ro ln a ta . and Sv S tella s o ls c ris ta t a . a n d o th e rs rem aining w ith in th e m e so p e la g lc z o n e . The re g u la r m ovem ents of th e lo c a l s p e c i e s , e ith e r o n to g e n e tic , d ie l or s e a s o n a l , m ake i t d iffic u lt to re c o g n iz e th e a s s o c ia tio n of s p e c ie s g ro u p s w ith c e rta in w a te r m a s s e s . The a d a p ta b ility to d iffe re n t w a te rs re p re s e n ts a d v a n ta g e s e s ta b lis h e d in th e c o u rse of e v o lu tio n . The fac to rs a ffe c tin g th e m ig ratio n of th e s e a n im a ls , a s w ith m ost p e la g ic fo rm s, a re d iffic u lt to d e te rm in e . W h ile c o rr e la tio n s may e x is t b e tw ee n v e rtic a l m igration a n d lig h t in te n s ity , th e s e a re a t p re s e n t c o n je c tu ra l In so fa r a s c a rid e a n d e c a p o d s a re c o n c e rn e d and m ust be in ferred from s tu d ie s m ade on o th er o rg a n is m s , a s , for e x a m p le , on th e e u p h a u s iid s (Kampa and Boden, 1954). D e s p ite the a p p a re n t c o n fu sio n of b o u n d a rie s re s u ltin g from th e s e m ig ra tio n s , it is c e rta in th a t th e o c e a n c a n be d iv id e d in to a t l e a s t tw o z o n e s : a sh a llo w a u to tro p h lc o r p ro d u ce r z o n e a n d a d e e p , h e te ro tro p h ic or co n su m er z o n e . The su rfa c e w a te rs a re s u b je c te d to s e a s o n a l c h a n g e s of te m p e ra tu re a n d s a lin ity and c o n s ti tu te th e zone w h ere su n lig h t Is a b so rb e d . The m ost Im portant f e a 211 ture of th e se su rfa ce w aters is th a t th ey c o n ta in the producer pop u la tio n s w hich s y n th e z ls e th e organic m atter to support th e e n tire anim al population of the o c e a n . The depth of th is productive zone v a rie s from one region to a n o th e r, but on th e av erag e its low er lim it is c o n sid e re d to be th e 2 0 0 -m eter le v e l. According to re su lts arrived at during th e p resen t s tu d y , oplophorid and p a sip h a e id shrim p live b etw een 200 and 1,350 m e t e r s , p o ssib ly 1 ,5 0 0 , off southern C a lifo rn ia , the v e rtic a l ranges varying for different s p e c ie s . T hose belonging to th e genus P a sip h a ea prim arily in h ab it w aters b etw een 200 and 800 m e te r s , and th e s p e c ie s of P a rap a sip h a e and m ost oplophorids liv e In d e ep w a ters , m ainly b etw een 400 and 1 ,2 0 0 m eters. T h ese a c tiv e predators and filte r feed ers are c o n sid e re d to play an im portant role in th e energy tra n s fe r from th e upper, rich w aters to the d e e p , poor z o n e s . The c arid ea n populations c a n be v iew ed a s a g ig an tic filte r c o lle c tin g both a c tiv e and p a s s iv e forms sin k in g in the w a ter colum n. A ccording to Banse (1964) th is activ e tran sp o rt effected by m igrating p opulations is of g re a te r im portance for the n utrition of d e e p - s e a anim als th an the sin k in g of dead organism s or th e bn s itu h etero tro p h ic production from d isso lv e d organic m atter. B ecause of the a c tiv itie s of th e s e shrim ps it is u n d e rstan d a b le th a t the am ount of d is s o lv e d organic m atter and sin k in g bodies of su rface d w ellers w ill be d ra s tic a lly reduced below 1,5 0 0 m eters. The large nek to n ic d ecap o d s then have a m ajor role in the 212 overall food b a la n c e of th e o c e a n . From th e record ed v e rtic a l d is trib u tio n s of th e s e d e ca p o d s It Is c le a r th a t they c a n c o n c e n tra te more a c tiv e ly a t d ep th s w ith a b e tte r food su p p ly . According to th e o b se rv a tio n s of D ie tz (1962) and Barham (1963; 1966) m acro- plan k to n ic or n ektonlc a n im als occupy narrow ran g es in deep w a te rs . This a s p e c e t should be ta k e n Into a c c o u n t w hen th e to ta l am ount of m acroplankton b a se d on sam p les tak e n w ith horizon tally h au led n e ts is determ ined. According to Banse (1964) and Vinogradov (1970) the ro le of larg e shrim p in th e to ta l plan kto n m ass c h a n g e s in v arious p a rts of th e o c ea n and a t a depth of 500 to 2 ,0 0 0 m eters it is e s p e c ia lly sig n ific a n t. As is th e c a s e in the w e ste rn North P acific O cean (Vinogradov, 1970), d ecap o d s in th e e a s te rn North P acific are a c o n sta n t com ponent of th e plankton only below 200 m e te rs , and a gradual in c re a s e in d ecap o d biom ass u su a lly occu rs below 500 m e te r s . The in c re a s e in th e proportion of d e ca p o d shrim p in the 500- to 1 ,3 5 0 -m e te r le v e l in th is area of the e a s te rn North Pacific is m ainly due to th e o ccu rren ce of d ifferent s p e c ie s . In the interm e d ia te w a te rs , 200 to 800 m e te rs , th e co n cen tratio n of P aslo h aea c h a c e i is rath er la rg e . Below t h i s , in th e 8 0 0 - to 1 , 3 5 0 -m eter z o n e , th e m ost ab u n d an t s p e c ie s is Hvmenodora fro n ta lis . and a t d ep th s below 1 ,0 0 0 m eters it is g rad u ally rep la ce d by JJ.. q l a c i a l i s . In ad d itio n to th e a d v an tag e of moving in to sh allo w w a ters a t night and th e a c c e s s ib ility of unlim ited fo o d , v e rtic a l m igration may 213 fa c ilita te the recom bination or ex ch an g e of g e n e tic m aterial b y the overlapping and m ingling of d ifferen t se g m en ts of the population. G iven the nature of the cu rren ts off so u th ern C a lifo rn ia , it seem s p o ssib le th at seg m en ts of the p o p u latio n s in h ab itin g the v ario u s b a s in s may be h o rizo n tally d is p la c e d by moving in and out of different lay e red w a ter flo w s. B e cau se of th e d ifferen ce in tem perature e x istin g b etw een sh a llo w and d e e p w aters in th e borderland a re a , it s e e m s , according to M cLaren (1963), th a t th e populations sa v e som e energy by sp end in g m uch of th e ir tim e in w a ters of low tem perature. The c a u s a l facto rs and th e ex p erim en tal dem onstration of the adaptive value of v e rtic a l m igration for c a rld e a n d ecap o d s c o n s titu te unexplored a s p e c ts of th e biology of p e la g ic c a rid e a n s and sho uld rep resen t rew arding fie ld s of re s e a rc h . R eproductive A ctivity D is c u s s e d here are c e rta in g en eral tren d s apparent in the reproductive a c tiv ity of the c a rld e a n fau n a off southern C a lifo rn ia . Figure 52 show s th e p e rcen tag e of the local adult fem ale population w hich w as o v ig e ro u s. The peak of reproduction occurred during the late sum m er and fall m onths. G iven b elo w is a lis t of the m ost abundant s p e c ie s of op lo - phorid and p a sip h a e ld shrim ps show ing th e ir s e a s o n of maximum reproductive a c tiv ity b a se d on th e h ig h e st p ercentage of ovigerous f e m a le s . From D ecem ber through F e b ru a ry : P a slp h a ea c h a c e l . P. 214 c o rte z la n a . H vm enodora f r o n ta lis , _H. a l a c l a l l s . and 9YgtaUsa.Plg c rls ta ta . From M arch through M ay: H vm enodora g r a c i l i s . From June through S eptem ber: P arap aslp h ae su lc atlfro n s and S vstellasolB braue r l . From O ctober through Novem ber: P a slp h a ea e m a ra ln a ta . All th e s p e c ie s exam ined d isp la y e d high ova production, as show n by the num ber of gravid fe m a le s , In the sum m er and fa ll. In m ost s p e c ie s th e young were re le a s e d by the fem ales In th e spring and e arly sum m er. The s e a s o n a l v a ria tio n in th e num bers per traw l-h o u r for the to ta l oplophorld and p a sip h a e id population w as show n e a rlie r in th is d is c u s s io n (Figure 43). A sig n ific a n t rise In the abundance of c a rid e a n s o ccu rs d ur ing A ugust, S ep tem ber, O cto b er, and N ovem ber. T his rise c o in c id e s w ith the tim e at w hich the new g en eratio n s e n te r the main bulk of th e p op ulation . The time e la p s e d b etw een the re le a s e of la rv a e and the moment im m ature forms begin to ap p ear In the sam ples , about th ree m onths, is m ost probably s p e n t by the young In th e u p p e r, highly productive w a te rs. As im m ature in d iv id u a ls join the main population an In c re a se in d e n sity o c cu rs and for m ost s p e c ie s a drop in the m ean s iz e and an e x te n sio n of the siz e range w ere recorded. The stu d y of the larv a l developm ent and e co lo g y of larv al Figure 52. V ariation in th e percentage oplophorid and p a slp h ae id rying ova through the y e a r. of to ta l fem ale population c a r- 215 % TOTAL FE M A L E POPULATION T 1 m OB s > < > c o z o < ■n m OB 216 217 opiophorld and p a slp h a e ld c a rld e a n s p re se n t e x c e lle n t p ro je c ts for future re s e a rc h . Effect of In c re a se d depth on c e rta in m orphological and e c o lo g ic a l fe a tu re s of th e po p u latio n s of th e p e la g ic d iv isio n The environm ental fac to rs w hich undergo ch an g e a s depth In c re a s e s a r e : tem p eratu re, s a lin ity , o x y g en , p re s s u re , q u ality and quantity of foo d , and lig h t In te n sity . T hese c h an g e s not only Influence th e s p e c ie s co m position of th e fauna but a ls o a ffe ct th e stru c tu ra l and p h y sio lo g ic al c h a ra c te r is tic s of th e o rg a n ism s, the nature of the e c o lo g ic a l re la tio n sh ip s betw een p o p u latio n s being a ls o m odified. T hese m o d ificatio n s are prim arily a d a p tiv e , and through them th e p e la g ic organism s a re c a p a b le of a d ju stin g to d ifferent "life z o n e s" or bioto pes a t a ll depths in the o c e a n . M a rsh a ll (1954) and N icol (1963) in d ic a te th a t the th resh o ld depth below w hich light is in su ffic ie n t for an im als to reco g n ize prey and pred ators lie s around 900 m eters in a re a s w ith c le a r w a te r s . H ow ever, ev en in sh a llo w er w a te rs , d ay lig h t is only p e r ceiv ed by an im als w h o se e y e s are s e n s ib le to w eak illu m in atio n . Large e y e s a re c h a ra c te ris tic of c arld e a n d e c a p o d s in h a b it ing la y e rs w ith reduced illu m in a tio n , £ . a . , P a sip h a ea e m a rn ln a ta . C h an g es in the d im en sio n s and c h a ra c te r is tic s of th e e y es are commonly observ ed in c a rld e a n s p e c ie s living below 700 m e te r s : th e e y e s a re u su a lly sm all and a corresponding red u ctio n is ob serv ed in the s iz e of th e o p tical lo b e s of th e b rain . This is 218 e s p e c ia lly th e c a s e in Hvm enodora f r o n ta lis . g r a c ilis . a l a c l a l i s . P a ra p a slp h a e s u lc a tif ro n a . and M eninaodora m o llis. The fa c t th a t som e d e e p - s e a c a rld e a n s p o s s e s larg e e y e s is u su a lly c o n n ec te d w ith the o c cu rren c e of lu m ln lsc en t o rgans (photo- p h o re s ). The only known s p e c ie s in lo c a l w a te rs having th is c h a r a c te r is tic is S v s te lla s o ls c r i s t a t a . w hich pro d u ces a strong lum i n e s c e n c e both through th e u s e of p ho top hores and by a se c re tio n of a lu m in e sc e n t cloud from a v e n tra l g la n d . The e ffe c t of p re s s u re on a n im als devoid of g a s c a v itie s is s till u n c le a r. P re ssu re h a s w e ll known p h y sic a l e ffe c ts on b io lo g ic a l g e ls and on the le v e l of m etab o lism . C a rld e an d e c a p o d s o b tain ed a t d ep th s below 800 m eters h av e b een kept a liv e s u c c e s s fully fo r se v e ra l w e e k s by th is a u th o r, th e an im als a c tiv e ly sw im ming* show ing no injury or la c k of o rie n ta tio n . Another a d a p ta tio n to life in d eep w a te rs c o n s is t in th e c h an g e s in the c h a ra c te r is tic s of th e integ um ent of d e e p - s e a c ru s ta c e a n s . For e x a m p le , A canthephvra c u rtiro strls h a s re la tiv e ly hard Integum ent w h ile N otostom us p e rla tu s and M eninaodora m ollis have very d e lic a te In teg u m en ts. Hvm enodora fro n ta lis h a s a hard e x o sk e le to n in c o n tra st to th e soft c a ra p a c e of a la c ia lls living in much d e e p e r w a te rs . The long s e n s itiv e a n te n n a e c h a ra c te ris tic of d e e p -s e a c a rld e a n s e n su re con trol over a larg e volum e of w a te r an d e n ab le th e anim al to d e te c t and c a p tu re p rey . Finally, a c h a r a c te ris tic fea tu re of th e rep roduction of d e e p - 219 se a c a rld e a n s inhabiting energy poor z o n es , &. g .., Hvm enodora qlflCiQllg. S v s te lla s p ls tj&uaiL, P a rap a slp h a e s u ic a tif ro n s . c o n s is ts in the m ethod of d evelo pm ent of th e young. T hese o rg anism s pro duce sm all num bers of larg e e g g s , rich in y o lk , and ex h ib itin g a reduced m etam o rp h o sis. The large leclth o tro p h ic la rv a e depend l e s s a fte r the in itia l period follow ing hatch in g upon o u tsid e food re so u rc e s and are c a p a b le , a fte r a short p e rio d , of feeding upon larg e and d iffu se food p a rtic le s . CHAPTER VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 1. The p resen t In v e stig a tio n w as b a se d on c o lle c tio n s made w ith a 10-foot Isa a c s-K id d M idw ater Trawl (IKMWT) during c ru is e s of th e R/V VELERO IV of th e U n iv ersity of Southern C alifo rn ia in w a te rs off sou th ern C a lifo rn ia . 2. The report d e a ls w ith ten s p e c ie s of th e fam ily O plophoridae and se v e n of th e fam ily P a s ip h a e ld a e . T hree s p e c ie s (A cantheohvra p rlo n o ta . N otostom us P erlatus . and G jyphus s p . a ) not previously reported from th e e a s te rn North Pacific O cean w ere ta k e n during th is study; th e s e and a n o th e r e ig h t s p e c ie s are new records for the sou th ern C alifo rn ian w a te rs . 3. Four p a slp h ae ld s p e c ie s belonging to the genus P a slo h a ea (P . c h a c e i . P. p a c lf lc a . P. c o r te z la n a . P. e m a ro ln a ta ) and one oplophorld (S v s te lla s p ls c r is ta ta ) are prim arily in h ab itan ts of dep th s ranging b etw een 0 and 800 m e te rs. Nine sp e c ie s of oplophorlds In h ab it tw o main d ep th z o n es: the 200- to 800 -m eter lev e l and the 800- to 1 .3 5 0 -m e te r le v e l. None of the sp e c ie s stu d ied w as con fined to the up p er 200 m eters. 4 . M o st sp e c ie s stu d ie d show ed d lel m ovem ents Involving a rise into sh a llo w e r dep th s a t nigh t and a d e s c e n t during th e daytim e. 5. The tem perature g rad ien t is m ost pronounced in th e upper 100 220 221 m eters of the lo ca l b a s in s . None of the s p e c ie s m igrating in to sh a llo w e r w aters (above 200 m eters) p e n etrated the therm ocline or w as cap tu red above 90 m eters a t any tim e of the d a y . 6. S a lin ity in c re a s e d slig h tly w ith depth In th e up p er w aters of the borderland a re a . Pronounced se a s o n a l c h an g e s w ere recorded in the upper 100 m e te rs , w ith minimum v a lu e s flu ctu atin g betw een th e su rfa ce and about 75 m e te rs . H ow ever, th e rate of sa lin ity change is c o n s is te n tly h ig h , from about 75 to 200 m e te rs. Two oplophorid s p e c ie s , H vm enodora fro n talis and H . g r a c i l i s . rose at night to about 200 m e te rs , the upper lim its of th e ir d istrib u tio n , show ing p o sitiv e c o rre latio n w ith the recorded h a lo c lin e . 7. B ecause the 9 0 - and 2 0 0 - m eter d ep th s are up p er lim its a t n ig h t, light is not c o n sid e re d to be an im portant fac to r re stric tin g the nocturnal d istrib u tio n of any c a rld e a n . Light may function in s te a d as an im portant fa c to r co n ditio ning the v ario u s rang es of d istrib u tio n during the d ay tim e. In a d d itio n , illum ination is the only environm ental fa c to r show ing a p o sitiv e c o rre latio n w ith the dlel p erio dicity recorded for m ost c a rld e a n s stu d ie d . None of the o th er environm ental p aram eters e x h ib ite d d lel flu c tu a tio n s as light d id . The la c k of ex p erim en tal inform ation on the to le ran c e of the s p e c ie s stu d ied to c h an g es o r re la tiv e v a lu e s of th e other p h y sic o ch em ical factors and th e ir p o ss ib le lim iting e ffe c ts on the p h y sio l ogy of th e s e s p e c ie s m akes it Im p o ssib le to offer any v a lu a b le Inform ation at p re s e n t. 222 8. R esults concerning m ost s p e c ie s of O plophorldae show th a t th e d le l v e rtic a l m igrations un d ertak en by th e s e c a rld e a n s hav e upper lim its of from 500 to 800 m eters a t n ig h t, th e population beginning to sink and o fte n c o ip le tin g the d e s c e n t by s u n rise . 9. The high s p e c ie s d iv ersity found in w aters below 200 m eters show s a good c o rre latio n w ith th e hydrologic c h a ra c te ris tic s of th e tra n s itio n a l w a te rs . The p h y sic o -c h e m ic a l p aram eters of th e m e so - p e la g lc environm ent g rad u ally ch an g e w ith d e p th , but no abrupt c h a n g e s in any p aram eter w ere recorded below 200 m eters. 10. As a rule th e in te n sity of th e d lel m igrations in c re a s e d w ith a g e : im m ature o rganism s u su a lly rem ain in th e upper portion of th e s p e c ie s ran g e. 11. The a v a ila b le inform ation on b io lo g ical facto rs d o es not perm it any in fere n ce about the w ay (s) in w hich they may control v e rtica l z o n atio n . The v e rtic a l ranges of th e different s p e c ie s may be c o n d itio n ed by In te rsp e c ific r e la tio n s , &. g.., com petition and p re d a tio n . C om petition b etw een the sp e c ie s of th e g e n u s Hvmenodora may be a c a u s e for th e ir recorded se p a ra tio n . 12. The Inform ation regarding th e rep roductive a c tiv ity of the lo c a l oplophorid and p a slp h a e ld c a rld e a n s h a s led to se v e ra l c o n c lu sio n s; a . Ova production w as h ig h e s t for m ost s p e c ie s during th e sum m er and th e fall m onths. 223 b . The h ig h e s t In c id e n c e of o v ig ero u s fe m a le s occurred in th e la te w in te r and e a rly s p rin g . c . Young w e re a p p a re n tly r e le a s e d by th e fem a le s during th e sp rin g and e a rly sum m er. d . T here w a s a s ig n ific a n t r is e in th e d e n s ity of th e to ta l oplophorid and p a s ip h a e id c a rld e a n p o p u latio n from A ugust through N o v em b er. T his r i s e s u g g e s ts th e e n tra n c e of th e young in to th e m ature p o p u latio n and w a s c o rre la te d w ith a drop in m ean s i z e s and in low er lim its of th e s iz e r a n g e s . 13. Low s p e c ie s d iv e r s ity and high proportion of im m ature form s c h a ra c te riz e d th e s a m p le s ta k e n in th e San Pedro C h a n n e l a re a . M ore c o m p lex fa u n a l c o m p o sitio n s w e re found in th e S anta C a ta lin a and San C le m e n te b a s i n s , in th a t o rd e r. In c re a s e d d iv e rs ity r e su lte d from e x te n d e d m e s o - and b a th y p e la g lc z o n e s in th e in te rm e d ia te and d e e p o ffsh o re b a s i n s . 14. The la rg e n e k to n ic d e c a p o d s of th e fa m ilie s O p lopho rld ae and P a s ip h a e ld a e have an im portan t ro le in th e o v e ra ll food b a la n c e of th e o c e a n . M o st s p e c ie s are c a rn iv o ro u s , fee d in g on m e s o p la n k - to n . T h e se c a rld e a n s c o n c e n tra te more a c tiv e ly a t d e p th s in w h ic h s u ffic ie n t food su p p ly e x i s t s , and se rv e th e p u rp o se of tra n sp o rtin g o rg a n ic m a tte r to th e p o o r, d e e p z o n e s of th e o c e a n . R e se a rc h O p p o rtu n itie s F uture e c o lo g ic a l s tu d ie s sh o u ld be c arrie d o u t u sin g o p e n in g -c lo s in g m id w ater tra w ls w h ic h w ill e n a b le th e e c o lo g is t to e s ta b lis h a c c u ra te d e p th d is trib u tio n s and provide m ore c o n s is te n t in form ation on v e rtic a l m ig ra tio n . A ppropriate sam p lin g program s sh o u ld in c lu d e s e a s o n a l s u r v e y s in d ic a tin g flu c tu a tio n of fa u n a l c o n d itio n s , e s p e c ia lly re p ro d u c tiv e c y c l e s . LITERATURE CITED A lcock, A. 1901. A d e s c rip tiv e c a ta lo g u e of the Indian d e e p - s e a C ru sta c e a D ecapoda M a crura and Anomala In th e Indlai M useum . 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On th e re s u lts of th e d e e p - s e a dredging during th e s e a s o n 1890-91. Ann. M ag. N a t. H i s t ., s e r . 6, 9(53):358-370 . Yaldwyn, J. C . 1962. A new P a sip h a ea (C ru sta c e a , D ecap o d a, N atantla) from sou thern C aliforn ia w a te r s . B ull. Sou. C a lif. A cad. S c i . , 61(l):15-24. A ppendix 1 S ta tio n D ata for th e S an ta C a ta lin a , S an C le m e n te , San N ic o la s , V elero, and San Pedro B asins 235 Appendix I-A S ta tio n Data fo r Santa C a ta lin a Basin S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth .) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished < m ) 7905 5 -2 5 -6 2 3 3 -2 6 -4 0 705 1030 1 1 8 -5 1 -5 0 8018 7 -1 9 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -4 0 740 1227 1 1 8 -5 2 -2 0 8019 7 -2 0 -6 2 3 3 -1 8 -1 2 712 0707 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 0 8020 7 -2 0 -6 2 3 3 -2 2 -0 8 720 0920 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 5 8021 7 -2 0 -6 2 3 3 -1 4 -0 0 685 1450 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 6 8022 7 -2 0 -6 2 3 3 -2 3 -0 8 695 1932 1 1 8 -5 0 -4 7 8023 7 -2 1 -6 2 3 3 -1 5 -4 0 700 0105 1 1 8 -3 6 -0 0 8024 8 -0 7 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -4 8 710 1227 1 1 8 -5 2 -1 0 3 3 -1 3 -3 5 678 1800 1100 1 1 8 -3 1 -2 5 3 3 -1 2 -1 5 740 1750 900 1 1 8 -2 8 -0 0 3 3 -2 1 -2 0 720 0900 306 1 1 8 -4 3 -0 3 3 3 -1 4 -4 5 690 1409 900 1 1 8 -3 2 -4 0 3 3 -1 6 -4 2 700 1630 300 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 5 3 3 -1 5 -2 8 640 0011 927 1 1 8 -3 5 -0 5 3 3 -1 3 -1 5 670 0238 333 1 1 8 -2 9 -4 8 3 3 -1 9 -1 8 705 1540 378 1 1 8 -4 1 -4 2 236 A p pend ix I-A C on tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8025 8 -0 7 -6 2 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 710 1624 1 1 8 -4 4 -1 8 8026 8 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 690 0704 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 2 8027 8 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -2 5 -1 2 718 1043 1 1 8 -4 9 -3 5 8028 8 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -1 9 -4 2 710 1438 1 1 8 -3 9 -3 5 8029 8 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -1 7 -4 0 715 2003 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 8030 8 -0 9 -6 2 3 3 -1 1 -3 0 665 0018 1 1 8 -2 9 -1 8 8031 8 -0 9 -6 2 3 3 -0 8 -4 5 595 0436 1 1 8 -1 7 -2 8 8111 8 -2 1 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -3 3 690 1217 1 1 8 -5 1 -5 0 8112 8 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -1 7 -3 0 716 0724 1 1 8 -3 8 -4 7 3 3 -1 3 -3 8 685 2005 522 1 1 8 -3 3 -5 0 3 3 -2 4 -2 4 720 1022 504 1 1 8 -4 8 -2 6 3 3 -1 9 -3 0 705 1409 468 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 4 3 3 -1 1 -5 6 650 1817 666 1 1 8 -2 6 -4 9 3 3 -1 1 -0 9 680 2354 640 1 1 8 -2 9 -3 5 3 3 -0 8 -3 6 590 0345 540 1 1 8 -1 8 -1 8 3 3 -1 2 -4 1 680 0744 540 1 1 8 -2 7 -4 5 3 3 -1 8 -1 8 695 1618 750 1 1 8 -3 9 -5 0 3 3 -2 5 -2 2 718 1135 750 1 1 8 -5 0 -0 9 237 A ppendix I-A S t a . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 8113 8 -2 2 -6 2 3 2 -2 5 -5 5 718 1148 1 1 8 -4 9 -4 5 8114 8 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -2 0 -0 6 693 1525 1 1 8 -3 7 -1 4 8115 8 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -0 9 -4 5 650 1940 1 1 8 -2 5 -2 1 8116 8 -2 3 -6 2 3 3 -1 6 -1 2 713 0019 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 0 8117 8 -2 3 -6 2 3 3 -2 2 -4 7 714 0354 1 1 8 -5 1 -0 0 8118 9 -0 4 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -3 6 680 1224 1 1 8 -5 2 -3 2 8119 9 -0 5 -6 2 3 3 -2 1 -0 3 710 0710 1 1 8 -3 9 -4 7 8120 9 -0 5 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -2 5 718 1012 1 1 8 -4 9 -3 2 8121 9 -0 5 -6 2 3 3 -1 5 -4 2 710 1530 1 1 8 -3 6 -5 8 C on tin u ed F in ish Depth T. P o s itio n (fth.) F ished (m) 3 3 -2 0 -2 7 690 1500 341 1 1 8 -3 7 -5 8 3 3 -1 0 -0 9 655 1910 650 1 1 8 -2 5 -2 6 3 3 -1 5 -4 5 715 2344 750 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 0 3 3 -2 2 -3 5 714 0325 400 1 1 8 -5 0 -2 8 3 3 -1 7 -1 6 715 0741 650 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -0 4 695 1716 927 1 1 8 -3 9 -3 6 3 3 -2 4 -2 7 720 0945 288 1 1 8 -5 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 6 -1 8 710 1502 945 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 6 3 3 -0 9 -5 6 660 1814 360 1 1 8 -2 8 -2 7 238 A ppendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 8122 9 -0 5 -6 2 3 3 -1 0 -0 0 700 1835 1 1 8 -2 9 -3 2 8123 9 -0 5 -6 2 3 3 -1 7 -3 8 710 2353 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 8238 1 0 -2 5 -6 2 3 3 -2 6 -2 8 690 0955 1 1 8 -5 2 -3 5 8239 1 0 -2 5 -6 2 3 3 -1 5 -3 8 695 1547 1 1 8 -3 8 -0 3 8240 1 0 -2 5 -6 2 3 3 -0 8 -2 4 650 1905 1 1 8 -2 7 -5 8 8242 1 0 -2 6 -6 2 3 3 -1 5 -4 5 700 0817 1 1 8 -3 7 -2 4 8243 1 0 -2 6 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -0 0 695 1300 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 0 8291 1 1 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -2 7 -3 0 650 1239 1 1 8 -5 3 -4 0 8292 1 1 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -1 9 -1 5 685 1709 1 1 8 -4 0 -2 7 3 3 -1 7 -1 6 705 2325 945 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 0 3 3 -1 3 -2 8 690 0231 360 1 1 8 -3 0 -4 3 3 3 -2 1 -1 8 695 1513 975 1 1 8 -4 5 -2 5 3 3 -0 8 -1 0 655 1840 400 1 1 8 -2 7 -5 9 3 3 -1 6 -5 7 675 2200 300 1 1 8 -3 5 -2 6 3 3 -2 4 -3 8 700 1227 860 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 0 3 3 -1 6 -3 2 695 1613 600 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 9 -3 0 680 1622 562 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 2 3 3 -2 4 -4 5 690 1950 170 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 4 239 A ppendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8293 1 1 -0 8 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -5 0 695 2015 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 0 8295 1 1 -0 9 -6 2 3 3 -1 6 -1 5 690 0809 1 1 8 -3 6 -3 0 8296 1 1 -0 9 -6 2 3 3 -2 4 -2 9 690 1336 1 1 8 -5 1 -0 0 8298 1 1 -0 9 -6 2 3 3 -1 1 -5 3 690 1805 1 1 8 -3 9 -1 8 8427 1 -0 3 -6 3 3 3 -2 4 -2 7 705 1224 1 1 8 -5 0 -0 8 8428 1 -0 3 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -3 2 695 1628 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 8 8430 1 -0 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 2 -3 7 710 0830 1 1 8 -3 5 -2 0 8432 1 -0 4 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -5 0 580 1505 11 8 -4 6 -0 0 8433 1 -0 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -4 4 675 1900 1 1 8 -3 5 -1 5 3 3 -2 4 -1 8 470 2250 85 1 1 8 -3 7 -3 4 3 3 -2 5 -1 0 695 1300 954 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 3 3 3 -1 7 -2 7 690 1642 500 1 1 8 -4 0 -3 0 3 3 -2 2 -1 8 610 2103 475 1 1 8 -3 9 -4 0 3 3 -1 7 -1 5 675 1551 520 1 1 8 -3 8 -4 5 3 3 -2 4 -4 8 700 1915 170 1 1 8 -4 6 -3 2 3 3 -2 3 -2 0 715 1334 800 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -3 0 700 1835 450 1 1 8 -3 6 -5 6 3 3 -2 6 -5 8 455 2155 300 1 1 8 -4 3 -5 5 240 A p pend ix I-A C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8506 3 -2 8 -6 3 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 720 1240 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 2 8508 3 -2 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -2 0 685 1705 1 1 8 -3 0 -1 2 8509 3 -2 9 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -4 5 700 0812 1 1 8 -3 8 -4 5 8510 3 -2 9 -6 3 3 3 -2 4 -3 2 700 1214 1 1 8 -5 2 -1 5 8511 3 -2 9 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -3 0 700 1702 1 1 8 -3 7 -5 0 8512 3 -2 9 -6 3 3 3 -1 3 -5 4 685 1400 1 1 8 -3 2 -5 4 8697 5 -2 3 -6 3 3 3 -2 6 -2 8 701 1228 1 1 8 -5 3 -5 5 8698 5 -2 3 -6 3 3 3 -1 6 -2 0 711 1815 1 1 8 -3 4 -4 5 8700 5 -2 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -3 0 705 0812 1 1 8 -3 3 -4 5 3 3 -1 6 -3 0 685 1340 300 1 1 8 -3 6 -0 8 3 3 -1 8 -5 1 690 1845 425 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 0 3 3 -2 2 -3 2 700 1017 600 1 1 8 -4 7 -1 0 3 3 -1 4 -4 5 705 1632 559 1 1 8 -3 5 -1 5 3 3 -1 3 -3 0 680 1823 275 1 1 8 -3 2 -3 0 3 3 -2 0 -2 4 670 2200 230 1 1 8 -3 9 -1 4 3 3 -1 8 -0 0 1520 1000 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 2120 150 1 1 8 -4 3 -0 0 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 2445 850 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 241 A p pendix I-A C o n tin u e d S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 8702 5 -2 4 -6 3 3 3 -2 0 -3 2 716 1345 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 8703 5 -2 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -0 0 710 1715 1 1 8 -3 7 -3 0 8709 6 -0 5 -6 3 3 3 -1 4 -2 5 705 1532 1 1 8 -4 5 -2 5 8710 6 -0 5 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -1 5 675 1855 1 1 8 -3 2 -5 8 8711 6 -0 6 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -4 7 700 0925 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 2 8712 6 -0 6 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -0 0 711 1300 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 5 8713 6 -0 6 -6 3 3 3 -1 9 -0 5 695 1656 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 5 8714 6 -0 7 -6 3 3 3 -1 4 -4 5 715 0822 1 1 8 -3 7 -2 0 8715 6 -0 7 -6 3 3 3 -2 2 -1 5 721 1433 1 1 8 -4 7 -0 5 3 3 -1 6 -0 0 1630 275 1 1 8 -3 7 -0 0 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 1935 150 1 1 8 -4 5 -0 0 3 3 -1 4 -5 4 670 1825 285 1 1 8 -3 3 -2 1 3 3 -1 9 -1 8 690 2200 550 1 1 8 -3 9 -3 8 3 3 -2 4 -5 5 700 1230 490 1 1 8 -4 9 -4 5 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 716 1630 700 1 1 8 -3 8 -3 5 3 3 -2 6 -0 7 585 1927 195 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 1 3 3 -2 5 -1 5 635 1315 1000 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 3 3 -1 4 -0 8 700 1833 990 1 1 8 -3 4 -2 0 242 A p pend ix I-A C on tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8716 6 -0 7 -6 3 3 3 -1 3 -4 5 695 1857 1 1 8 -3 2 -3 4 8717 6 -0 7 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -4 5 720 2203 1 1 8 -4 1 -2 2 8882 8 -2 2 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -0 6 720 0825 1 1 8 -3 4 -3 3 8884 8 -2 2 -6 3 3 3 -2 1 -0 2 700 1416 1 1 8 -4 5 -2 2 8885 8 -2 2 -6 3 3 3 -1 3 -3 5 720 1729 1 1 8 -3 5 -1 2 8886 8 -2 2 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -2 7 700 2030 1 1 8 -4 4 -0 0 8888 8 -2 3 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -0 0 715 0155 1 1 8 -5 2 -4 5 8889 8 -2 3 -6 3 3 3 -2 2 -5 7 725 0331 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 4 8932 9 - 1 7 - 6 3 3 3 -2 5 -1 0 710 1609 1 1 8 -5 7 -3 5 3 3 -1 7 -3 4 720 2135 425 1 1 8 -4 1 -4 0 3 3 -2 5 -4 5 660 0020 80 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 3 3 -2 1 -0 5 710 1207 900 1 1 8 -4 4 -5 8 3 3 -1 4 -0 0 715 1713 521 1 1 8 -3 4 -5 2 3 3 -1 7 -5 9 700 1955 170 1 1 8 -4 4 -0 4 3 3 -2 4 -4 0 710 2300 277 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 5 3 3 -2 2 -3 7 720 0302 52 1 1 8 -4 7 -3 3 3 3 -1 7 -2 6 700 0726 780 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 2 3 3 -2 4 -2 8 670 1830 365 1 1 8 -4 3 -1 2 243 A p pend ix I-A C o n tin u e d Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8933 9 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -1 5 700 1030 1 1 8 -3 3 -5 0 8934 9 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -0 8 -4 5 650 1559 1 1 8 -2 3 -0 0 8935 9 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -3 5 690 1945 1 1 8 -3 2 -4 5 8936 9 -1 9 -6 3 3 3 -2 4 -2 8 685 0204 1 1 8 -4 5 -4 0 8937 9 - 1 9 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -3 4 700 1128 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 8938 9 -1 9 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -3 0 655 1659 1 1 8 -5 4 -0 5 8939 9 -2 0 -6 3 3 3 -1 9 -3 0 710 0406 1 1 8 -4 2 -4 2 8956 1 0 -1 6 -6 3 3 3 -2 4 -4 0 700 2315 1 1 8 -5 1 -2 1 8957 1 0 -1 7 -6 3 3 3 -2 0 -4 5 700 0058 1 1 8 -4 6 -0 0 3 3 -0 9 -4 0 645 1440 1090 1 1 8 -2 3 -1 5 3 3 -1 4 -4 5 700 1858 485 1 1 8 -3 3 -1 5 3 3 -2 4 -0 5 700 2336 365 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 8 3 3 -2 1 -4 2 660 0311 52 1 1 8 -4 1 -2 1 3 3 -2 6 -0 5 640 1535 450 1 1 8 -5 4 -0 0 3 3 -2 0 -3 2 695 1915 417 1 1 8 -4 6 -0 9 3 3 -1 1 -1 8 700 0710 261 1 1 8 -3 1 -5 0 3 3 -2 1 -2 0 700 0022 15 1 1 8 -4 6 -4 2 3 3 -1 7 -5 0 695 0211 50 1 1 8 -4 0 -4 2 2 44 A p pend ix I-A C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 8958 1 0 -1 7 -6 3 3 3 -1 7 -4 0 710 0249 1 1 8 -4 0 -1 5 8959 1 0 -1 7 -6 3 3 3 -1 1 -2 8 660 0638 1 1 8 -2 9 -2 3 8960 1 0 -1 7 -6 3 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 705 1316 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 5 8962 1 0 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 5 -0 1 670 1131 1 1 8 -3 1 -5 4 8963 1 0 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -1 8 700 1825 1 1 8 -4 9 -5 7 8964 1 0 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 0 -4 5 670 2358 1 1 8 -3 0 -3 1 9053 1 1 -1 3 -6 3 3 3 -2 4 -4 5 720 2224 1 1 8 -5 1 -1 0 9054 1 1 -1 4 -6 3 3 3 -2 1 -0 8 715 0013 1 1 8 -4 5 -5 5 9055 1 1 -1 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -5 5 715 0202 1 1 8 -4 2 -1 0 3 3 -1 1 -4 5 690 0528 285 1 1 8 -3 1 -1 2 3 3 -2 1 -3 2 685 1250 1000 1 1 8 -4 7 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -0 0 695 1542 275 1 1 8 -3 7 -0 2 3 3 -2 4 -3 6 1800 450 1 1 8 -5 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 700 2105 263 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 8 3 3 -2 1 -5 4 690 0625 1122 1 1 8 -4 6 -4 0 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 690 2340 10 1 1 8 -4 7 -1 0 3 3 -1 9 -1 0 715 0120 50 1 1 8 -4 2 -4 8 3 3 -1 3 -0 2 700 0422 150 1 1 8 -3 3 -1 7 245 A ppendix I-A C on tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m ) 9056 1 1 -1 4 -6 3 3 3 -1 2 -4 2 695 0522 1 1 8 -3 2 -1 5 9057 1 1 -1 4 -6 3 3 3 -2 6 -4 5 685 1239 1 1 8 -5 0 -3 0 9058 1 1 -1 5 -6 3 3 3 -1 9 -6 3 690 0755 1 1 8 -3 7 -0 5 9059 1 1 -1 5 -6 3 3 3 -2 3 -1 0 700 1055 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 0 9060 1 1 -1 5 -6 3 3 3 -1 6 -2 0 685 1355 1 1 8 -3 5 -5 0 9165 1 2 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -2 5 -1 3 710 2018 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 1 9166 1 2 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -1 8 -0 0 690 2348 1 1 8 -4 2 -2 4 9167 1 2 -1 9 -6 3 3 3 -1 3 -3 0 670 0335 1 1 8 -2 9 -5 2 9242 1 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 1 -1 0 640 1920 1 1 8 -3 8 -0 8 3 3 -2 4 -3 5 695 1200 1100 1 1 8 -5 2 -2 0 3 3 -2 3 -2 0 565 1533 521 1 1 8 -3 8 -5 0 3 3 -2 2 -3 7 700 1015 184 1 1 8 -4 4 -5 0 3 3 -1 6 -3 1 685 1231 325 1 1 8 -3 7 -1 2 3 3 -0 9 -2 1 570 1922 685 1 1 8 -1 2 -1 0 3 3 -1 8 -2 6 700 2300 400 1 1 8 -4 3 -1 2 3 3 -1 3 -0 4 680 0300 600 1 1 8 -3 0 -2 0 3 3 -1 9 -1 5 712 0608 200 1 1 8 -3 7 -0 5 3 3 -2 3 -0 5 640 2148 170 1 1 8 -4 3 -0 0 A ppendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 9243 1 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 3 -3 5 640 2110 1 1 8 -4 1 -2 5 9244 1 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 5 -2 5 685 0125 1 1 8 -3 1 -2 4 9245 1 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 7 -0 5 700 0355 1 1 8 -3 6 -4 0 9246 1 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -0 8 -1 2 605 1028 1 1 8 -2 0 -4 5 9247 1 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 3 -2 4 665 1336 1 1 8 -3 1 -0 2 9248 1 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -2 0 695 1505 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 0 9249 1 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -5 5 700 0705 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 8 9374 1 -1 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 8 -0 0 655 2246 1 1 8 -5 2 -3 6 9375 1 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -4 8 720 0153 1 1 8 -4 3 -0 0 3 3 -1 6 -1 3 700 2357 870 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 1 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 705 0325 283 1 1 8 -3 9 -2 5 3 3 -0 8 -1 2 610 1006 1000 1 1 8 -2 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 0 -0 0 665 1238 283 1 1 8 -2 5 -9 0 3 3 -1 5 -4 0 690 1436 125 1 1 8 -3 4 -1 7 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 705 2005 902 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 9 3 3 -2 2 -2 4 670 1007 567 1 1 8 -4 3 -0 0 3 3 -2 1 -1 0 740 0135 521 11 8 -4 3 -2 7 3 3 -1 5 -5 5 685 0423 312 1 1 8 -3 4 -0 0 247 A p pendix I-A C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 9376 1 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -1 5 -4 5 680 0445 1 1 8 -3 3 -3 0 9377 1 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 650 0741 1 1 8 -2 3 -3 0 9595 4 -1 5 -6 4 3 2 -2 8 -4 0 515 2339 1 1 8 -5 4 -5 0 9596 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -2 2 -4 5 700 0230 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 2 9597 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 7 -0 2 700 0548 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 0 9598 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -2 8 665 0818 1 1 8 -2 7 -2 8 9599 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 2 -4 0 670 0915 1 1 8 -2 9 -4 8 9600 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 3 -2 4 685 1008 1 1 8 -3 2 -4 0 9601 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 4 -3 5 700 1057 1 1 8 -3 4 -2 8 3 3 -0 9 -3 0 1 1 8 -2 3 -0 0 3 3 -1 3 -0 0 1 1 8 -3 1 -3 2 3 3 -2 3 -0 0 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 8 3 3 -1 9 -4 5 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 0 3 3 -1 1 -5 0 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 8 3 3 -1 2 -4 0 1 1 8 -2 9 -4 8 3 3 -1 3 -2 4 1 1 8 -3 2 -4 0 3 3 -1 4 -3 5 1 1 8 -3 4 -2 8 3 3 -1 6 -0 8 1 1 8 -3 7 -2 8 650 670 705 700 665 0728 1007 0212 0525 0802 0908 0955 1048 1147 521 156 260 521 156 100 50 20 100 248 A ppendix I-A C on tin u ed S t a . No. D ate S t a r t P o s i t i o n D epth ( f t h . ) Time F i n i s h P o s i t i o n D epth ( f t h . ) Time D epth F is h e d (m) 9602 4 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -0 8 1 1 8 -3 7 -2 8 680 1204 3 3 -1 8 -1 0 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 690 1405 521 9603 4 -1 7 -6 4 3 3 -2 4 -1 0 1 1 8 -5 7 -3 0 495 1020 3 3 -2 1 -4 0 1 1 8 -5 2 -0 0 710 1239 364 9604 4 -1 7 -6 4 3 3 -2 1 -0 8 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 4 705 1312 3 3 -1 8 -3 5 1 1 8 -3 9 -2 5 700 1725 1042 9605 4 -1 7 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -4 8 1 1 8 -3 3 -4 8 710 1801 3 3 -2 3 -1 2 1 1 8 -4 1 -1 4 650 2032 260 9606 4 -1 7 -6 4 3 3 -2 3 -0 0 1 1 8 -4 1 -4 5 650 2040 3 3 -1 5 -1 8 1 1 8 -3 9 -1 6 690 2257 156 9607 4 -1 7 -6 4 3 3 -1 5 -0 0 1 1 8 -3 9 -1 0 700 2312 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 0 680 0310 781 9668 5 -1 6 -6 4 3 3 -2 8 -0 0 1 1 8 -2 4 -1 5 600 0640 3 3 -2 1 -2 0 1 1 8 -4 5 -0 8 1032 834 9852 6 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 6 -0 0 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 0 705 1218 3 3 -2 1 -4 2 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 2 1438 834 9853 6 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 1 -3 0 1 1 8 -4 4 -4 0 715 1454 3 3 -1 4 -1 2 1 1 8 -3 4 -4 5 700 1758 260 A ppendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m ) 9854 6 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -1 3 -3 6 710 1820 1 1 8 -3 4 -1 5 9855 6 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -1 7 -2 2 550 2212 1 1 8 -4 3 -2 0 9856 6 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -0 4 640 2341 1 1 8 -4 6 -5 0 9857 6 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -2 2 -3 0 710 0117 1 1 8 -4 9 -5 2 9858 6 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -2 7 -4 3 680 1920 1 1 8 -5 3 -0 0 9859 6 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 8 -3 4 710 2230 1 1 8 -4 2 -4 8 9860 6 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -1 0 -5 5 670 0251 1 1 8 -3 0 -3 5 9861 6 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -1 8 -6 4 700 0703 1 1 8 -4 9 -5 5 9862 6 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -2 6 -0 0 690 0955 1 1 8 -5 0 -3 4 3 3 -1 7 -3 6 630 2106 417 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 4 3 3 -2 0 -0 4 650 2317 20 1 1 8 -4 6 -5 0 3 3 -2 3 -0 0 715 0058 104 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 0 3 3 -1 5 -1 2 710 0440 729 1 1 8 -2 9 -2 7 3 3 -1 8 -2 5 700 2210 417 1 1 8 -4 2 -3 0 3 3 -1 0 -3 5 600 0227 729 1 1 8 -3 1 -3 6 3 3 -1 8 -5 4 700 0637 834 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 3 3 3 -2 6 -0 5 710 0936 260 1 1 8 -4 9 -5 5 3 3 -2 0 -1 5 700 1216 156 1 1 8 -4 0 -5 0 250 S ta . No. 9863 9864 9865 9866 9867 9868 9869 9870 9871 Fish< (ra) 573 573 312 521 260 5 52 938 521 A ppendix I-A C on tin u ed Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 6 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -1 8 -5 5 695 1242 1 1 8 -3 9 -1 6 6 -2 6 -6 4 3 3 -2 9 -1 5 640 0622 118- - 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 6 -0 5 695 1205 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 5 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -4 5 705 1451 1 1 8 -4 2 -1 0 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -4 4 705 1827 1 1 8 -4 2 -1 0 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -1 8 -0 6 700 2018 1 1 8 -3 6 -3 0 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -1 9 -2 8 698 2111 1 1 8 -3 8 -0 9 7 -2 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -2 6 705 2303 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 3 7 -2 3 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -3 0 695 0322 1 1 8 -3 1 -2 5 3 3 -3 3 -2 7 695 1544 1 1 8 -4 8 -3 0 3 3 - - 703 0937 11 8 - - 3 3 -2 0 -4 5 705 1436 1 1 8 -4 2 -1 5 3 3 -1 4 -3 4 670 1812 1 1 8 -3 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -4 7 700 2003 1 1 8 -3 6 -2 8 3 3 -1 9 -0 4 700 2051 1 1 8 -3 8 -0 0 3 3 -2 0 -2 5 703 2151 1 1 8 -4 1 -1 2 3 3 -1 2 -0 0 695 0257 1 1 8 -3 0 -2 8 3 3 -1 8 -3 6 708 0616 1 1 8 -4 1 -3 0 A p pendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth Fished (m) 9872 7 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -2 3 -0 0 717 0831 1 1 8 -4 7 -1 9 9873 7 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 2 -2 8 700 1540 1 1 8 -3 2 -4 0 9874 7 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -1 9 -4 8 708 1905 1 1 8 -4 4 -0 0 9875 7 -2 4 -6 4 3 3 -2 3 -0 9 714 2050 1 1 8 -5 0 -2 5 9876 7 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -2 5 665 0020 1 1 8 -4 7 -2 0 9877 7 -2 5 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -0 0 695 0518 1 1 8 -3 1 -3 0 9948 9 -0 1 -6 4 3 3 -2 7 -4 5 660 1210 1 1 8 -5 2 -5 4 9949 9 -0 1 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -5 0 705 1540 1 1 8 -4 0 -5 0 9950 9 -0 1 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -3 2 705 1929 1 1 8 -3 2 -5 6 3 3 -1 1 -3 0 665 1457 938 1 1 8 -2 8 -5 5 3 3 -1 9 -3 0 712 1850 625 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 3 3 -2 3 -0 2 715 2031 312 1 1 8 -4 9 -5 8 3 3 -1 9 -4 0 695 2201 104 1 1 8 -4 6 -3 8 3 3 -1 0 -1 5 692 0500 521 1 1 8 -3 1 -1 5 3 3 -1 5 -5 0 712 0654 260 1 1 8 -2 5 -0 3 3 3 -2 0 -3 0 710 1522 626 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 0 3 3 -1 1 -1 2 1851 313 1 1 8 -3 3 -5 0 3 3 -1 3 -1 1 700 2008 30 1 1 8 -3 5 -0 0 252 A ppendix Sta. n . S ta r t Depth No. P o s itio n (fth.) 9951 9 -0 1 -6 4 3 3 -1 3 -1 1 700 1 1 8 -3 5 -0 0 9952 9 -0 2 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -5 4 705 1 1 8 -4 7 -1 5 9953 9 -0 2 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -5 2 690 1 1 8 -2 8 -4 8 9954 9 -0 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 6 -3 3 710 1 1 8 -5 0 -3 8 10125 1 1 -1 1 -6 4 3 3 -2 5 -1 8 720 1 1 8 -4 8 -1 2 10199 1 2 -0 9 -6 4 3 3 -2 4 -3 0 705 1 1 8 -5 0 -3 0 10200 1 2 -0 9 -6 4 3 3 -1 7 -0 0 720 1 1 8 -1 0 -5 4 10201 1 2 -1 0 -6 4 3 3 -1 1 -1 2 650 1 1 8 -2 4 -2 9 10202 1 2 -1 0 -6 4 3 3 -2 4 -4 8 705 1 1 8 -5 1 -4 2 I-A C o n tin u ed Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m ) 2023 3 3 -1 9 -1 1 705 2334 313 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 0 0026 3 3 -1 0 -3 0 690 0600 834 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 5 0629 3 3 -1 6 -1 5 705 0920 417 1 1 8 -4 0 -2 4 0857 3 3 -1 3 -2 4 700 1548 834 1 1 8 -2 4 -5 4 1314 3 3 -2 0 -3 0 670 1656 750 1 1 8 -3 7 -3 5 1302 3 3 -1 5 -3 0 715 1653 700 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 1828 3 3 -1 1 -0 0 640 2325 1000 1 1 8 -2 4 -3 1 0900 3 3 -1 6 -4 0 685 1206 350 1 1 8 -3 4 -3 0 1428 3 3 -1 5 -5 8 720 1950 1000 1 1 8 -3 5 -2 5 253 A p pend ix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth {fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 10203 1 2 -1 0 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -2 3 710 2018 1 1 8 -3 5 -5 4 10204 1 2 -1 0 -6 4 3 3 -1 8 -4 5 715 2127 1 1 8 -3 9 -2 7 10205 1 2 -1 1 -6 4 3 3 -2 4 -0 0 650 1235 1 1 8 -5 4 -0 0 10206 1 2 -1 1 -6 4 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 712 1613 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 10256 1 2 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 6 -5 8 680 1115 1 1 8 -5 2 -2 6 10259 1 2 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 2 -1 5 718 1520 1 1 8 -4 5 -0 0 10260 1 2 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -1 6 -1 5 700 1838 1 1 8 -3 8 -4 5 10261 1 2 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 0 -2 2 713 2055 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 3 10262 1 2 -1 3 -6 4 3 3 -2 2 -1 5 705 2154 1 1 8 -4 8 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -5 8 710 2100 50 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 0 3 3 -1 9 -3 6 715 2205 5 1 1 8 -4 1 -5 7 3 3 -2 2 -3 5 635 1530 350 1 1 8 -4 0 -3 0 3 3 -1 5 -3 2 705 2008 700 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -5 8 715 1310 275 1 1 8 -4 6 -3 0 3 3 -1 6 -3 0 710 1808 625 1 1 8 -3 7 -5 0 3 3 -2 0 -1 0 713 2035 250 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 3 3 3 -2 1 -5 8 710 2130 5 1 1 8 -4 7 -5 7 3 3 -2 4 -2 7 700 2238 50 1 1 8 -5 0 -0 5 254 A p pendix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m ) 10265 1 2 -1 4 -6 4 3 3 -2 4 -3 0 700 0027 1 1 6 -5 0 -2 4 10373 2 -2 3 -6 5 3 3 -2 5 -0 0 700 1225 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 2 10374 2 -2 3 -6 5 3 3 -1 5 -1 5 700 1818 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 5 10375 2 -2 3 -6 5 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 710 2200 1 1 8 -4 6 -3 8 10376 2 -2 3 -6 5 3 3 -2 4 -0 5 705 2310 1 1 8 -4 9 -2 0 10377 2 -2 4 -6 5 3 3 -2 5 -0 0 710 0005 1 1 8 -5 0 -4 5 10378 2 -2 4 -6 5 3 3 -2 6 -3 0 700 1522 1 1 8 -5 2 -1 5 10379 2 -2 4 -6 5 3 3 -1 8 -0 5 710 1945 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 10384 2 -2 5 -6 5 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 700 1208 1 1 8 -4 9 -4 8 3 3 -1 1 -1 2 875 1 1 8 -3 1 -4 5 3 3 -1 5 -2 6 700 1755 1100 1 1 8 -3 6 -4 0 3 3 -2 1 -3 7 690 2100 250 1 1 8 -4 6 -5 0 3 3 -2 3 -4 8 710 2253 125 1 1 8 -4 9 -2 3 3 3 -2 5 -3 1 700 2345 15 1 1 8 -5 1 -1 8 3 3 -1 4 -0 0 705 0624 1100 1 1 8 -3 4 -0 0 3 3 -1 9 -2 0 710 1841 450 1 1 8 -4 0 -4 8 3 3 -2 6 -4 0 625 2330 450 1 1 8 -5 4 -2 6 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 710 1352 250 1 1 8 -4 7 -1 5 255 A p pend ix I-A C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 10389 2 -2 5 -6 5 3 3 -1 1 -1 2 700 2200 1 1 8 -3 0 -4 0 10472 3 -2 9 -6 5 3 3 -1 6 -3 6 640 1954 1 1 8 -4 2 -2 7 10473 3 -2 9 -6 5 3 3 -2 0 -3 0 680 2227 1 1 8 -4 6 -4 2 10474 3 -2 9 -6 5 3 3 -2 2 -0 1 700 2330 1 1 8 -4 8 -1 5 10475 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -2 6 -3 3 690 0115 1 1 8 -5 2 -0 0 10476 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -1 3 -2 3 680 0855 1 1 8 -3 1 -0 8 10477 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -2 1 -3 0 715 1327 1 1 8 -5 4 -4 5 10478 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -2 8 -2 0 620 1651 1 1 8 -5 2 -4 5 10479 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -2 1 -3 0 630 2002 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 5 3 3 -2 4 -3 0 700 0410 800 1 1 8 -4 9 -2 0 3 3 -2 0 -2 6 680 2122 150 1 1 8 -4 6 -3 0 3 3 -2 1 -5 4 700 2305 25 1 1 8 -4 8 -3 3 3 3 -2 4 -4 5 705 0007 90 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 0 3 3 -1 3 -0 0 680 0830 1100 1 1 8 -3 1 -1 5 3 3 -2 1 -1 8 715 1301 800 1 1 8 -4 4 -0 6 3 3 -2 9 -4 0 680 1630 450 1 1 8 -5 4 -0 0 3 3 -2 1 -5 8 630 1942 200 1 1 8 -4 2 -2 6 3 3 -1 4 -3 3 680 2311 450 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 5 256 A ppendix Sta. S ta r t Depth No. a P o s itio n (fth.) 10480 3 -3 0 -6 5 3 3 -2 5 -1 2 620 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 0 10602 6 -0 8 -6 5 3 3 -2 5 -1 5 680 1 1 8 -5 3 -0 0 10634 6 -2 8 -6 5 3 3 -2 5 -5 6 380 1 1 8 -1 1 -2 5 10635 6 -2 9 -6 5 3 3 -3 8 -0 0 465 1 1 8 -3 0 -0 0 10696 9 -0 9 -6 5 3 3 -2 7 -3 4 550 1 1 8 -5 3 -0 0 10729 9 -2 5 -6 5 3 3 -1 1 -2 4 705 1 1 8 -3 1 -2 8 10730 9 -2 6 -6 5 3 3 -2 7 -4 0 630 1 1 8 -5 2 -5 0 11128 5 -0 5 -6 6 3 3 -2 5 -1 0 705 1 1 8 -4 8 -1 5 11129 5 -0 5 -6 6 3 3 -2 0 -4 6 660 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 2 I-A C o n tin u ed Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 0550 3 3 -2 9 -2 5 500 0824 150 1 1 8 -5 1 -2 7 1218 3 3 -0 9 -1 8 675 1938 1000 1 1 8 -3 1 -0 5 2145 3 3 -2 2 -2 4 475 0104 500 1 1 8 -2 4 -1 2 0245 3 3 -2 8 -0 0 450 0642 350 1 1 8 -1 6 -1 5 2123 3 3 -1 0 -4 5 695 0542 950 1 1 8 -2 8 -1 5 1925 3 3 -2 9 -3 5 475 0430 700 1 1 8 -5 6 -2 5 0415 3 3 -1 5 -0 6 700 1147 900 1 1 8 -2 9 -4 0 1235 3 3 -2 4 -3 0 650 1525 1000 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 0 1942 3 3 -2 2 -2 9 340 2110 800 1 1 8 -3 5 -1 9 257 A ppendix I-A C o n tin u e d S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 11130 5 -0 6 -6 6 3 3 -2 1 -5 5 690 0530 1 1 8 -4 3 -1 2 11347 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -2 6 -5 0 600 1305 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 0 11348 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -1 9 -4 0 705 1728 1 1 8 -4 2 -2 0 11349 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -1 6 -0 0 700 1858 1 1 8 -3 7 -5 5 11350 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -1 1 -3 6 678 2028 1 1 8 -3 3 -2 7 11351 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -0 7 -2 3 655 2203 1 1 8 -2 8 -5 3 11352 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -0 7 -2 9 650 2230 1 1 8 -0 8 -0 0 11353 2 -1 0 -6 7 3 3 -1 1 -3 0 670 0012 1 1 8 -3 2 -1 5 11354 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 3 -2 5 685 0145 1 1 8 -3 6 -4 5 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 695 0820 1000 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 3 3 -2 0 -0 0 700 1600 330 3 3 -1 6 -1 5 700 1833 60 1 1 8 -3 8 -2 5 3 3 -1 1 -5 0 678 2018 60 1 1 8 -3 3 -3 1 3 3 -0 7 -2 4 655 2147 50 1 1 8 -2 8 -5 4 3 3 -0 7 -2 0 650 2218 80 1 1 8 -2 8 -2 7 3 3 -1 1 -0 2 673 2352 60 1 1 8 -3 2 -3 0 3 3 -1 3 -2 5 690 0123 60 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 5 3 3 -1 5 -5 0 690 0258 40 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 258 A p pendix I-A C o n tin u e d Sta. NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth Fished (m) 11355 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 5 -5 0 695 0315 1 1 8 -3 9 -0 0 11356 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -2 1 -4 5 700 0450 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 7 11357 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 1 -3 0 700 0625 1 1 8 -5 0 -2 5 11358 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -2 2 -1 1 685 0735 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 8 11359 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 4 -0 3 685 1134 1 1 8 -3 5 -5 8 11360 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -2 2 -3 0 690 1507 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 11361 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 3 -3 0 695 1845 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 0 11362 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -0 9 -1 0 665 2020 1 1 8 -3 0 -3 8 11363 2 -1 1 -6 7 3 3 -1 2 -4 5 675 2231 1 1 8 -3 3 -2 6 3 3 -2 1 -3 5 700 0432 60 1 1 8 -4 5 -5 0 3 3 -2 5 -5 0 700 0610 55 1 1 8 -5 0 -4 3 3 3 -2 2 -0 0 695 0740 60 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 3 3 -1 4 -0 3 685 1108 375 1 1 8 -3 5 -5 8 3 3 -2 2 -3 9 690 1452 440 1 1 8 -4 6 -2 0 3 3 -1 3 -3 0 700 1830 430 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 5 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 660 2004 50 1 1 8 -3 0 -4 0 3 3 -1 2 -2 6 680 2141 50 1 1 8 -2 4 -3 9 3 3 -1 5 -4 8 690 2351 75 1 1 8 -3 7 -2 8 259 A p p e n d ix I-A C o n tin u e d S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed On) 11364 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -1 6 -0 0 690 0008 1 1 8 -3 8 -0 0 11365 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -1 9 -0 0 690 0135 1 1 8 -4 1 -2 0 11366 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -2 2 -1 0 695 0307 1 1 8 -4 5 -5 0 11367 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -2 5 -4 0 695 0443 1 1 8 -4 8 -5 0 11368 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -2 4 -4 5 705 0507 1 1 8 -4 8 -0 5 11369 2 -1 2 -6 7 3 3 -2 0 -4 5 700 0642 1 1 8 -4 3 -5 0 11726 1 0 -2 8 -6 7 3 3 -2 4 -0 0 700 1212 1 1 8 -4 9 -2 0 11727 1 0 -2 8 -6 7 3 3 -1 3 -1 0 700 1630 1 1 8 -3 7 -3 5 11728 1 0 -2 8 -6 7 3 3 -0 7 -0 0 640 1955 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 0 3 3 -1 8 -3 0 695 0118 70 1 1 8 -4 1 -1 2 3 3 -2 1 -3 0 695 0250 70 1 1 8 -4 5 -0 0 3 3 -2 6 -1 2 695 0425 70 1 1 8 -4 9 -3 5 3 3 -2 4 -4 5 700 0500 70 1 1 8 -4 8 -0 5 3 3 -2 1 -0 5 700 0625 970 1 1 8 -4 4 -0 0 3 3 -1 0 -5 4 657 1025 425 1 1 8 -3 1 -2 1 3 3 -1 3 -1 0 700 1617 600 1 1 8 -3 7 -5 5 3 3 -0 7 -0 0 645 1940 340 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 0 3 3 -0 9 -5 8 645 2035 25 1 1 8 -3 0 -5 7 260 S ta . NO. 11729 11730 13451 13452 13453 13454 13624 13625 13626 Depth F ish ed (m) 700 390 700 200 50 900 700 50 300 A p p e n d ix I-A C o n tin u e d Date F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 1 0 -2 8 -6 7 3 3 -0 9 -0 4 645 2122 1 1 8 -2 7 -1 5 1 0 -2 9 -6 7 3 3 -1 7 -4 0 690 0133 1 1 8 -3 6 -3 5 1 0 -2 2 -6 9 3 3 -2 6 -5 0 690 1750 1 1 8 -5 2 -1 5 1 0 -2 2 -6 9 3 3 -1 9 -2 5 710 2025 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 0 1 0 -2 2 -6 9 3 3 -1 6 -4 8 695 2250 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 0 1 0 -2 2 -6 9 3 3 -1 5 -3 0 680 2340 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 0 1 1 -1 7 -6 9 3 3 -2 7 -1 3 715 2310 1 1 8 -5 3 -4 6 1 1 -1 8 -6 9 3 3 -1 7 -0 0 700 0354 1 1 8 -3 9 -3 0 11- 18-69 33- 14-10 695 0442 118 - 36-45 3 3 -1 8 -0 0 700 0025 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 5 3 3 -1 7 -4 5 685 0450 1 1 8 -3 6 -3 0 3 3 -1 9 -2 5 710 2119 1 1 8 -4 1 -0 0 3 3 -1 6 -4 8 695 2245 1 1 8 -3 5 -4 0 3 3 -1 5 -5 0 680 2325 1 1 8 -3 3 -0 0 3 3 -2 4 -1 5 740 0435 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 0 3 3 -1 7 -0 0 700 0343 1 1 8 -3 9 -3 0 3 3 -1 4 -1 0 695 0435 1 1 8 -3 6 -4 5 3 3 -1 2 -1 0 660 0615 1 1 8 -3 0 -1 5 A p p en d ix I-A C o n tin u e d S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 13627 1 1 -1 8 -6 9 13629 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13630 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13631 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13632 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13633 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13634 1 1 -2 0 -6 9 13710 1 2 -1 7 -6 9 13711 12 - 17-69 3 3 -1 2 -1 0 660 0625 1 1 8 -3 0 -1 5 3 3 -2 7 -5 0 640 1220 1 1 8 -5 3 -3 0 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 695 1410 1 1 8 -4 9 -1 5 3 3 -2 2 -1 5 695 1538 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 0 3 3 -1 5 -4 5 690 1910 1 1 8 -4 6 -4 5 3 3 -1 3 -6 9 670 2052 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 9 3 3 -1 5 -3 2 690 2230 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 3 3 3 -0 5 -1 5 600 1711 1 1 8 -2 3 -3 0 3 3 -1 6 -0 8 690 2235 1 1 8 -3 6 -2 5 3 3 -2 1 -0 0 715 1034 900 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 0 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 685 1355 300 1 1 8 -4 9 -0 0 3 3 -2 2 -1 0 695 1525 100 1 1 8 -4 5 -1 5 3 3 -1 5 -4 5 690 1900 700 1 1 8 -4 6 -4 5 3 3 -1 3 -1 8 670 2044 300 1 1 8 -3 2 -1 0 3 3 -1 5 -3 3 690 2215 100 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 4 3 3 -2 1 -0 0 680 0230 700 1 1 8 -4 4 -3 0 3 3 -1 6 -0 9 690 2224 770 1 1 8 -3 6 -2 6 3 3 -2 6 -1 5 675 0340 820 1 1 8 -5 1 -2 8 262 A p p e n d ix I-A C o n tin u e d S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 13712 1 2 -1 8 -6 9 13719 1 2 -1 8 -6 9 13720 1 2 -1 8 -6 9 13721 1 2 -1 8 -6 9 13990 2 -2 5 -7 0 13991 2 -2 6 -7 0 13992 2 -2 6 -7 0 3 3 -2 6 -1 5 695 0413 1 1 8 -5 1 -2 8 3 3 -1 9 -3 0 725 1700 3 3 -1 1 -2 5 665 2039 1 1 8 -3 1 -1 4 3 3 -0 6 -4 4 630 2320 1 1 8 -2 2 -4 1 3 3 -1 5 -5 5 710 2222 1 1 8 -3 3 -2 8 3 3 -1 0 -4 0 650 0128 1 1 8 -2 3 -0 0 3 2 -5 7 -3 0 480 0605 1 1 8 -1 4 -4 5 3 3 -2 0 -4 5 730 0602 370 1 1 8 -4 5 -4 0 3 3 -1 1 -2 6 665 2033 650 1 1 8 -3 1 -1 5 3 3 -0 6 -4 5 630 2313 630 1 1 8 -2 2 -4 0 3 3 -1 7 -1 5 700 0530 630 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 3 3 -1 0 -4 0 650 0116 400 1 1 8 -2 3 -0 0 3 2 -5 7 -3 0 480 0554 750 1 1 8 -1 4 -4 5 3 3 -0 7 -4 1 625 0924 590 1 1 8 -1 9 -3 8 263 Depth F ished (m) 500 350 1000 1080 220 320 220 30 Appendix I-B S ta tio n Data fo r San Clemente B asin Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 2 -2 1 -6 6 3 2 -0 5 -5 0 950 0417 1 1 7 -4 0 -1 0 2 -2 1 -6 6 3 2 -1 8 -3 0 1000 0824 1 1 7 -4 8 -5 4 2 -2 1 -6 6 3 2 -3 6 -0 9 955 1135 1 1 8 -0 5 -1 9 2 -2 1 -6 6 3 2 -1 6 -0 0 970 1933 1 1 7 -4 3 -2 0 4 -1 4 -6 6 3 2 -3 8 -3 0 960 1535 1 1 8 -0 7 -0 0 4 -1 4 -6 6 3 2 -3 2 -3 0 900 1734 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 4 4 -1 4 -6 6 3 2 -3 4 -1 3 990 2002 1 1 8 -0 9 -3 0 4 -1 4 -6 6 3 2 -3 2 -4 0 980 2205 1 1 8 -0 1 -4 0 3 2 -1 8 -3 0 1000 0815 1 1 7 -4 8 -5 5 3 2 -3 6 -1 0 950 1130 1 1 8 -0 5 -2 0 3 2 -1 6 -0 0 1000 1925 1 1 7 -4 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 4 -0 0 970 0320 1 1 8 -0 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 2 -3 0 890 1725 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 4 3 2 -3 4 -3 0 995 1945 1 1 8 -0 9 -2 5 3 2 -3 2 -0 6 980 2148 1 1 8 -0 2 -0 0 3 2 -3 4 -1 2 1025 2245 1 1 8 -0 4 -1 2 A p p e n d ix I- B C o n tin u e d S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth Fished (m ) 11100 11101 11102 11103 11104 11105 11106 11188 11189 4 -1 4 -6 6 3 2 -3 4 -1 2 1 1 8 -0 4 -1 2 4 -1 5 -6 6 3 2 -3 6 -0 0 1 1 8 -1 6 -4 5 4 -1 5 -6 6 4 -1 5 -6 6 4 -1 5 -6 6 4 -1 5 -6 6 4 -1 5 -6 6 8 -0 4 -6 6 8 -0 4 -6 6 3 2 -1 3 -0 0 1 1 7 -4 7 -4 0 3 2 -2 5 -0 7 1 1 7 -4 6 -5 0 3 2 -2 7 -0 0 1 1 7 -5 2 -0 0 3 2 -3 2 -0 0 1 1 8 -0 8 -0 0 3 2 -2 3 -2 0 1 1 7 -5 0 -0 4 3 1 -3 1 -0 2 1 1 8 -2 6 -1 0 3 2 -2 5 -0 6 1 1 8 -0 8 -2 0 1025 2248 3 2 -3 5 -4 5 980 2321 10 1 1 8 -0 7 -0 0 995 2330 3 2 -1 3 -0 0 960 0725 1100 1 1 7 -4 7 -4 0 960 0737 3 2 -2 4 -3 0 770 1035 700 1 1 7 -4 6 -4 5 810 1047 3 2 -2 6 -1 5 790 1254 325 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 0 780 1300 3 2 -3 0 -3 0 990 1635 450 1 1 8 -0 4 -0 0 985 1645 3 2 -2 3 -2 0 870 2125 820 1 1 7 -5 0 -0 4 870 2127 3 2 -2 2 -2 0 830 2211 220 1 1 7 -4 4 -5 7 1250 1015 3 1 -1 0 -4 5 1100 1600 630 1 1 8 -0 5 -0 0 900 2317 3 2 -3 3 -0 0 1000 0125 200 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 265 A p p e n d ix I-B C o n tin u e d S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 11495 5 -1 7 -6 7 3 2 -1 1 -3 2 1000 2030 1 1 7 -5 9 -5 7 11496 5 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -3 9 -3 0 1090 0540 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 11497 5 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -3 1 -0 0 920 0847 1 1 7 -5 4 -0 0 11498 5 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -1 8 -0 0 1030 1250 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 11499 5 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -3 7 -1 5 1050 1847 1 1 7 -5 0 -4 5 11500 5 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -3 7 -3 0 930 2153 1 1 8 -0 0 -4 5 11501 5 -1 9 -6 7 3 1 -4 5 -4 5 845 0205 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 11502 5 -1 9 -6 7 3 1 -4 7 -0 0 870 0255 1 1 8 -1 0 -3 0 11503 5 -1 9 -6 7 3 1 -3 7 -1 5 920 0854 1 1 7 -5 9 -3 0 3 1 -3 9 -3 0 1100 0530 1040 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 3 1 -3 1 -0 0 920 0837 250 1 1 7 -5 4 -0 0 3 1 -1 8 -0 0 1030 1235 470 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 3 1 -2 7 -1 5 1050 1835 820 1 1 7 -5 0 -4 5 3 1 -3 7 -3 0 930 2145 320 1 1 8 -0 0 -4 5 3 1 -4 5 -4 5 845 0150 540 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 3 1 -4 7 -0 0 920 0840 80 1 1 8 -1 0 -3 0 3 1 -2 7 -1 5 920 0840 720 1 1 7 -5 9 -3 0 3 1 -0 9 -1 5 1075 1710 1000 1 1 7 -2 5 -0 0 266 A ppendix I-B C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.i Time Depth Fished (m ) 11505 11507 11508 11509 11510 11535 11536 11537 11538 5 -1 9 -6 7 5 -1 9 -6 7 5 -2 0 -6 7 5 -2 0 -6 7 5 -2 0 -6 7 6 -2 0 -6 7 6 -2 0 -6 7 6 -2 0 -6 7 6 -2 1 -6 7 3 1 -0 9 -1 5 1 1 7 -2 5 -0 0 3 1 -0 7 -4 5 1 1 7 -2 2 -0 0 3 1 -2 7 -1 0 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 0 3 1 -4 5 -0 7 1 1 7 -5 8 -4 5 3 1 -5 8 -3 0 1 1 8 -0 1 -2 0 3 2 -1 0 -0 0 1 1 7 -4 1 -4 5 3 2 -1 7 -4 0 1 1 7 -4 9 -5 8 3 2 -1 9 -0 0 1 1 7 -5 1 -0 0 3 2 -2 0 -0 0 1 1 7 -5 0 -1 0 1070 2015 3 1 -0 8 -1 5 1030 2055 30 1 1 7 -2 3 -0 0 1015 2150 3 1 -2 7 -1 0 1100 0317 1200 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 0 1110 0625 3 1 -4 5 -0 7 1060 1215 1040 1 1 7 -5 8 -4 5 1060 1227 3 1 -5 8 -3 0 900 1612 500 1 1 7 -0 1 -2 0 900 1620 3 2 -1 0 -0 0 830 1912 280 1 1 8 -0 3 -3 0 1000 1917 3 2 -1 7 -4 0 975 2217 280 1 1 7 -4 9 -5 8 1000 2226 3 2 -1 9 -0 0 1000 2312 50 1 1 7 -5 1 -0 0 1000 2320 3 2 -2 0 -0 0 1000 0012 90 1 1 7 -5 0 -1 0 1000 0045 3 2 -4 4 -0 3 650 0903 1000 1 1 8 -1 1 -5 9 267 A p pendix I-B C on tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Depth Time F ished (m) 11539 6 -2 1 -6 7 3 2 -4 4 -0 0 550 0915 1 1 8 -1 1 -5 8 11581 7 -2 5 -6 7 3 2 -4 7 -0 0 490 1520 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 11582 7 -2 5 -6 7 3 2 -3 4 -4 8 990 2011 1 1 8 -0 5 -3 0 11583 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -2 1 -3 0 890 0020 1 1 7 -5 8 -0 0 11584 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -1 3 -1 0 1000 0320 1 1 7 -5 4 -5 0 11585 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -1 0 -0 0 1030 0437 1 1 7 -5 3 -1 0 11586 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -0 7 -0 0 1000 0545 1 1 7 -5 2 -0 0 11587 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 1 -5 6 -3 5 830 1006 1 1 7 -4 7 -5 6 11588 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -0 8 -1 5 960 1430 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 3 2 -3 6 -5 0 900 1540 850 1 1 8 -0 5 -3 0 3 2 -2 1 -1 0 1020 1930 830 1 1 8 -0 8 -0 0 3 2 -2 1 -3 0 890 0010 700 1 1 7 -5 8 -0 0 3 2 -1 3 -1 0 1015 0310 280 1 1 7 -5 4 -5 0 3 2 -1 0 -0 0 1030 0425 150 1 1 7 -5 3 -1 0 3 2 -0 7 -0 0 1000 0530 75 1 1 7 -5 2 -0 0 3 1 -5 6 -3 6 740 0943 560 1 1 7 -4 7 -5 8 3 2 -0 5 -5 2 970 1310 250 1 1 7 -4 4 -5 4 3 2 -1 2 -1 0 980 1535 150 1 1 7 -4 6 -3 0 268 A p pendix I -B C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F is h e d (m) 11589 7 -2 6 -6 7 3 2 -1 2 -3 0 975 1545 1 1 7 -4 6 -3 0 11590 7 -2 7 -6 7 3 1 -4 1 -0 0 900 0110 1 1 7 -4 2 -3 0 11591 7 -2 7 -6 7 3 1 -4 1 -0 0 900 0552 1 1 7 -4 7 -2 0 11691 1 0 -1 1 -6 7 3 2 -4 0 -3 0 1080 1530 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 11692 1 0 -1 1 -6 7 3 2 -2 8 -5 7 980 1910 1 1 8 -0 2 -1 8 11693 1 0 -1 1 -6 7 3 2 -3 8 -3 4 820 2332 1 1 8 -1 5 -4 5 11694 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 3 2 -3 6 -0 0 910 0018 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 0 11695 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 3 2 -3 4 -3 0 960 0105 1 1 8 -1 2 -0 0 11696 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 3 2 -2 3 -5 9 700 0602 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 3 2 -1 5 -3 0 950 1630 80 1 1 7 -4 8 -0 0 3 1 -5 4 -0 0 435 0430 1090 1 1 7 -4 9 -5 0 3 1 -2 5 -1 0 980 1342 980 1 1 7 -4 7 -2 0 3 2 -2 8 -5 8 950 1850 390 1 1 8 -0 2 -2 0 3 2 -3 7 -4 8 825 2312 590 1 1 8 -1 5 -0 8 3 2 -3 6 -3 0 910 0008 10 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 0 3 2 -3 4 -3 6 960 0055 80 1 1 8 -1 2 -3 0 3 2 -2 4 -0 0 710 0540 710 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 3 2 -2 8 -5 9 950 0808 270 1 1 8 -0 7 -1 5 269 A ppendix I -B C on tin u ed Sta. No, Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 11697 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 11698 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 11699 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 11700 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 11701 1 0 -1 2 -6 7 11702 1 0 -1 4 -6 7 11703 1 0 -1 4 -6 7 11704 1 0 -1 4 -6 7 11879 1- 26-68 3 2 -3 9 -5 0 1 1 8 -1 3 -2 0 3 2 -2 4 -3 0 1 1 7 -5 7 -3 0 3 2 -3 0 -3 0 1 1 8 -0 0 -2 4 3 2 -3 0 -2 2 1 1 8 -0 2 -5 5 3 2 -3 1 -4 5 1 1 8 -0 5 -1 8 3 2 -4 2 -3 8 1 1 8 -1 5 -5 8 3 2 -3 8 -2 0 1 1 8 -0 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 8 -2 0 1 1 8 -1 3 -1 2 32- 43-26 118 - 17-30 890 1010 985 965 985 715 910 930 551 0950 1755 2055 2200 2255 0750 1345 1742 2308 3 2 -2 4 -3 0 1 1 7 -5 7 -3 0 3 2 -3 0 -1 1 1 1 7 -5 8 -5 0 3 2 -3 0 -2 2 1 1 8 -0 2 -5 4 3 2 -3 1 -4 5 1 1 8 -0 5 -1 8 3 2 -3 3 -2 8 1 1 8 -0 7 -3 0 3 2 -2 9 -0 0 1 1 8 -0 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 8 -2 0 1 1 8 -1 3 -1 2 3 2 -4 1 -2 2 1 1 8 -1 5 -2 9 32- 39-00 118- 12-30 1010 990 965 1000 998 910 920 760 960 1740 1952 2150 2245 2327 1335 1742 1857 0057 1010 290 170 90 10 730 600 170 190 270 S ta . No. 11880 11881 11882 11883 11884 11885 11886 11887 11904 Fish* tm) 500 300 810 290 950 800 530 190 175 A ppendix I-B C o n tin u ed Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 9 -0 0 695 0105 1 1 8 -1 2 -3 0 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 0 -3 0 980 0450 1 1 8 -0 0 -3 0 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -1 9 -4 5 910 0750 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 7 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 1 -0 0 995 1250 1 1 8 -0 5 -0 0 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 9 -0 0 950 1535 1 1 8 -1 1 -5 0 1 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -2 1 -5 6 850 2225 1 1 8 -0 4 -5 7 1 -2 8 -6 8 3 2 -3 0 -3 1 990 0925 1 1 8 -0 4 -0 6 1 -2 8 -6 8 3 2 -2 0 -2 0 965 1252 1 1 7 -5 6 -1 7 1- 30-68 31- 45-00 920 1622 117 - 44-30 3 2 -3 0 -3 0 980 0435 1 1 8 -0 0 -3 0 3 2 -1 9 -4 5 850 0735 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 7 3 2 -3 1 -0 0 990 1240 1 1 8 -0 5 -0 0 3 2 -3 9 -0 0 960 1527 1 1 8 -1 1 -5 0 3 2 -3 1 -5 6 850 2210 1 1 7 -5 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 0 -2 2 985 0918 1 1 7 -5 3 -4 0 3 2 -2 0 -2 0 965 1245 1 1 7 -5 6 -1 7 3 2 -1 6 -1 5 595 1410 1 1 7 -5 4 -1 5 31- 51-00 850 1800 117- 45-30 A p pend ix I-B C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 11905 1 -3 0 -6 8 3 1 -5 1 -0 0 850 1810 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 11906 1 -3 0 -6 8 3 2 -0 2 -0 4 870 2134 1 1 7 -4 7 -4 5 11907 1 -3 0 -6 8 3 2 -0 8 -1 5 1005 2326 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 0 11910 1 -3 1 -6 8 3 2 -1 4 -4 5 950 0325 1 1 7 -5 3 -0 0 11911 1 -3 1 -6 8 3 1 -5 5 -4 0 1025 1125 1 1 7 -5 5 -2 3 12201 7 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -3 3 -2 8 990 1953 1 1 8 -1 0 -0 5 12202 7 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -2 5 -4 5 750 0000 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 12333 8 -2 5 -6 8 3 2 -2 6 -3 0 1000 1547 1 1 8 -0 8 -1 5 12334 8 -2 5 -6 8 3 2 -3 6 -2 1 1000 1900 1 1 8 -0 9 -5 3 3 2 -0 2 -0 4 900 2127 475 1 1 7 -4 7 -4 5 3 2 -0 8 -1 5 1050 2313 230 1 1 7 -4 9 -0 0 3 2 -1 5 -0 0 800 0204 300 1 1 7 -5 0 -3 0 3 1 -5 5 -4 0 1000 1115 1050 1 1 7 -5 5 -2 4 3 2 -0 3 -5 0 490 1555 750 1 1 8 -0 1 -0 0 3 2 -2 5 -3 0 800 2335 350 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 3 2 -2 6 -1 5 950 0037 50 1 1 8 -0 1 -0 0 3 2 -3 6 -2 2 1050 1850 130 1 1 8 -0 9 -5 4 3 2 -4 3 -0 0 500 2210 150 1 1 8 -1 8 -1 5 272 A p pendix I -B C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth ( f t h .) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 12335 8 -2 5 -6 8 3 2 -4 3 -3 0 725 2230 1 1 8 -0 5 -4 5 12336 8 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -3 3 -0 0 1050 0315 1 1 8 -0 5 -4 5 12337 8 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -4 5 -3 8 850 0800 1 1 8 -1 4 -2 2 12338 8 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -2 9 -0 0 1000 1503 1 1 8 -0 3 -3 0 12338 8 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -3 8 -4 3 1080 1830 1 1 8 -0 8 -4 6 12340 8 -2 6 -6 8 3 2 -4 5 -1 8 850 2132 1 1 8 -1 4 -3 6 12341 8 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -2 5 -3 0 1050 0435 1 1 8 -0 4 -3 0 12342 8 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 9 -2 3 1005 0920 1 1 8 -1 1 -2 6 12344 8- 27-68 32- 24-15 850 2037 118- 02-15 3 2 -3 3 -0 0 1000 0305 600 1 1 8 -0 5 -4 5 3 2 -4 6 -0 0 550 0751 550 1 1 8 -1 4 -5 0 3 2 -2 9 -0 0 1000 1450 1220 1 1 8 -0 3 -3 0 3 2 -3 8 -2 8 1100 1820 540 1 1 8 -0 8 -4 5 3 2 -4 5 -3 0 700 2124 280 1 1 8 -1 4 -3 6 3 2 -2 5 -3 0 1000 0425 940 1 1 8 -0 4 -3 0 3 2 -2 9 -2 4 1000 0911 630 1 1 8 -1 1 -2 7 3 2 -4 8 -3 8 550 1208 260 1 1 8 -1 4 -4 5 32- 30-15 1000 2338 390 118- 08-56 273 A p pend ix I-B S ta . No, Date S ta r t Depth P o s itio n (fth.) Time 12345 8 -2 7 -6 8 3 2 -3 0 -1 4 1000 2346 1 1 8 -0 8 -1 5 12346 8 -2 8 -6 8 3 2 -4 2 -4 5 700 0435 1 1 8 -1 5 -3 0 12349 9 -1 2 -6 8 3 2 -4 2 -0 3 600 0950 1 1 8 -1 7 -2 6 12350 9 -1 2 -6 8 3 3 -2 2 -3 0 500 1710 1 1 8 -0 2 -1 5 12351 9 -1 3 -6 8 3 3 -3 8 -6 8 900 0020 1 1 8 -1 3 -3 0 12390 1 0 -1 0 -6 8 3 2 -2 1 -5 6 1050 2335 1 1 7 -4 9 -5 4 12391 1 0 -1 1 -6 8 3 2 -5 6 -1 5 1000 0547 1 1 8 -1 1 -1 5 12392 1 0 -1 1 -6 8 3 2 -2 8 -2 1 920 1100 1 1 7 -5 4 -4 5 12393 1 0 -1 1 -6 8 3 2 -1 3 -3 0 990 1648 1 1 7 -5 8 -2 0 C o n tin u ed F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 3 2 -4 2 -4 5 700 0427 620 1 1 8 -1 5 -3 0 3 2 -3 0 -5 0 1050 0911 500 1 1 8 -0 4 -0 7 3 2 -2 2 -3 0 550 1653 950 1 1 8 -0 2 -1 5 3 2 -2 8 -4 5 900 0010 1300 1 1 8 -1 3 -0 0 3 2 -3 3 -1 5 1000 0304 270 1 1 7 -4 9 -5 6 3 2 -3 6 -1 5 1000 0530 835 1 1 8 -1 1 -1 5 3 2 -3 8 -2 2 900 1049 790 1 1 7 -5 4 -4 7 3 2 -1 7 -0 0 510 1530 800 1 1 7 -5 4 -3 0 3 2 -0 1 -1 5 1050 2149 750 1 1 8 -5 6 -0 7 274 A p pendix I-B C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 12394 1 0 -1 1 -6 8 12522 1 2 -1 0 -6 8 12523 1 2 -1 0 -6 8 12524 1 2 -1 0 -6 8 12525 1 2 -1 1 -6 8 12526 1 2 -1 2 -6 8 12532 1 2 -1 2 -6 8 12533 1 2 -1 3 -6 8 12786 3- 16-69 3 2 -0 1 -0 7 1 1 8 -5 6 -0 6 3 2 -3 7 -3 0 1 1 8 -0 8 -5 0 3 2 -2 1 -2 7 1 1 7 -5 3 -4 6 3 2 -3 6 -0 0 1 1 8 -1 1 -4 5 3 2 -3 7 -1 5 1 1 8 -0 7 -4 5 3 2 -4 3 -0 2 1 1 8 -1 5 -4 5 3 2 -2 5 -3 8 1 1 8 -0 5 -0 2 3 2 -4 1 -4 5 1 1 8 -1 6 -0 0 31- 44-06 117 - 57-09 1010 2205 3 2 -2 9 -3 0 700 0505 1050 1 1 7 -5 6 -1 0 1055 1645 3 2 -2 1 -2 8 950 2204 800 1 1 7 -5 3 -4 5 950 2220 3 2 -3 6 -0 0 1000 0427 1110 1 1 8 -1 1 -4 5 1000 0442 3 2 -4 2 -4 6 750 0721 260 1 1 8 -1 6 -1 5 1100 1055 3 2 -4 3 -0 0 800 1440 700 1 1 8 -1 4 -5 0 650 0820 3 2 -2 4 -4 5 600 1530 1040 1 1 8 -0 2 -0 0 1050 1854 3 2 -4 1 -4 5 750 0030 780 1 1 8 -1 6 -0 0 720 0100 3 2 -2 6 -2 9 1000 0758 1070 1 1 7 -5 8 -4 0 980 1223 32- 09-45 1000 1925 1150 117- 55-00 275 S ta . No. 12787 12788 12789 12790 12791 12842 12843 12844 12845 Fishi (m) 800 520 1050 1250 1050 1000 680 560 370 A p pend ix I -B C on tin u ed Date S ta r t Depth Time F in ish Depth . Date P o s itio n (fth.) Time P o s itio n (fth.) Time 3 -1 7 -6 9 3 2 -0 9 -4 5 1000 1940 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 3 -1 7 -6 9 3 2 -2 3 -1 5 700 0050 1 1 7 -5 7 -4 5 3 -1 7 -6 9 3 2 -3 5 -3 0 1000 0514 1 1 8 -0 8 -4 5 3 -1 7 -6 9 3 2 -1 9 -4 5 1000 1305 1 1 7 -5 0 -4 0 3 -1 7 -6 9 3 2 -3 2 -0 2 710 2015 1 1 8 -0 1 -3 4 3 -2 6 -6 9 3 2 -3 8 -3 7 1000 2222 1 1 8 -1 1 -1 6 3 -2 7 -6 9 3 2 -2 3 -1 5 925 0535 1 1 7 -5 1 -3 0 3 -2 7 -6 9 3 2 -1 0 -0 1 995 0929 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 3- 27-69 32- 02-50 950 1315 117- 39-15 3 2 -2 3 -1 5 700 0040 1 1 7 -5 7 -4 5 3 2 -3 5 -3 0 1000 0507 1 1 8 -0 8 -4 5 3 2 -2 0 -1 5 1000 1215 1 1 7 -5 1 -0 0 3 2 -3 2 -0 4 710 2008 1 1 8 -0 1 -3 6 3 2 -2 4 -0 0 980 0150 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 3 2 -2 3 -1 5 925 0525 1 1 7 -5 1 -3 0 3 2 -1 0 -0 2 995 0923 1 1 7 -4 5 -3 0 3 2 -0 2 -5 0 900 1305 1 1 7 -3 9 -1 5 32- 07-00 1000 1515 117- 42-15 A p pendix I -B C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 12846 12847 12848 12962 13276 13277 13278 13279 14187 3 -2 7 -6 9 3 -2 7 -6 9 3 -2 7 -6 9 4 -2 4 -6 9 7 -2 9 -6 9 7 -2 9 -6 9 7 -2 9 -6 9 7 -3 0 -6 9 5 -2 7 -7 0 3 2 -0 7 -0 0 1 1 7 -4 2 -1 5 3 2 -1 8 -3 0 1 1 7 -4 2 -3 0 3 2 -2 4 -1 3 1 1 7 -5 3 -1 7 3 2 -1 5 -0 0 1 1 7 -5 7 -1 0 3 2 -4 9 -0 8 1 1 8 -1 5 -0 5 3 2 -3 6 -2 0 1 1 8 -0 6 -1 5 3 2 -4 3 -3 0 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 5 3 2 -2 5 -3 0 1 1 7 -5 3 -4 5 3 2 -4 2 -3 0 1 1 8 -1 6 -4 5 950 1522 3 2 -1 8 -3 0 950 1840 500 1 1 7 -4 2 -3 0 950 1850 3 2 -4 2 -1 4 1000 2215 500 1 1 7 -5 3 -1 8 1000 2220 3 2 -4 1 -3 0 800 0540 1030 1 1 8 -1 3 -4 5 1000 0005 3 2 -2 5 -1 5 1000 0400 850 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 560 1408 3 2 -3 6 -2 0 1100 1843 730 1 1 8 -0 6 -1 5 1100 1855 3 2 -4 3 -3 1 650 2220 700 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 6 700 2233 3 2 -2 5 -3 0 950 0530 1000 1 1 7 -5 3 -4 5 950 0545 3 2 -3 5 -4 0 750 0912 580 1 1 8 -0 3 -0 0 710 1645 3 2 -2 5 -0 0 900 2325 950 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 277 A ppendix I-B C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 14188 5 -2 7 -7 0 3 2 -2 5 -0 0 900 2338 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 14189 5 -2 8 -7 0 3 2 -4 3 -4 5 700 0603 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 0 14327 6 -2 5 -7 0 3 2 -3 4 -0 3 1000 2000 1 1 8 -0 7 -5 2 14328 6 -2 6 -7 0 3 2 -2 4 -0 0 1000 0118 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 14329 6 -2 6 -7 0 3 2 -3 3 -2 1 950 0645 1 1 8 -0 4 -0 3 14330 6 -2 6 -7 0 3 2 -4 1 -0 2 900 1139 1 1 8 -1 2 -5 8 14331 6 -2 6 -7 0 3 2 -2 7 -0 0 1000 1720 1 1 7 -5 7 -1 5 14332 6 -2 6 -7 0 3 2 -3 3 -3 0 1000 2337 1 1 8 -1 0 -4 0 3 2 -4 3 -4 5 700 0550 890 1 1 8 -1 4 -0 0 3 2 -3 4 -0 0 1000 0918 580 1 1 8 -0 6 -4 5 3 2 -2 4 -3 0 1000 0100 1900 1 1 7 -5 5 -0 0 3 2 -3 3 -2 0 1060 0630 1100 1 1 8 -0 4 -0 6 3 2 -4 1 -0 4 850 1030 1100 1 1 8 -1 3 -0 0 3 2 -2 7 -0 0 1000 1705 1100 1 1 7 -5 7 -1 5 3 2 -3 3 -2 0 990 2326 1100 1 1 8 -1 0 -4 0 32- 28-55 1000 0315 1100 117 - 59-30 A ppendix I-C S t a t i o n D ata f o r San N ic o la s B a s in S t a . NO. D ate S t a r t P o s i t i o n D epth ( f t h . ) Time F i n i s h P o s i t i o n D epth ( f t h . ) Time D epth F is h e d (m) 8878 8 -2 0 -6 3 3 3 -0 8 -4 5 1 1 9 -1 2 -1 4 935 2010 3 2 -5 5 -1 2 1 1 8 -5 7 -1 5 920 0211 1098 8879 8 -2 1 -6 3 3 2 -5 4 -4 4 1 1 8 -5 7 -1 8 925 0246 3 3 -0 6 -2 1 1 1 9 -1 0 -2 2 960 0625 300 8880 8 -2 1 -6 3 3 3 -0 8 -2 0 1 1 9 -1 0 -2 9 920 0706 3 2 -5 7 -3 0 1 1 8 -5 8 -0 0 960 1305 1090 8881 8 -2 1 -6 3 3 2 -5 7 -1 0 1 1 8 -5 5 -4 0 920 1400 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 1 1 9 -0 5 -2 5 870 1725 300 9659 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 1 1 9 -1 3 -0 0 900 0101 3 3 -0 0 -2 5 1 1 9 -0 8 -0 0 980 0210 100 9660 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 3 -0 6 -0 6 1 1 9 -0 8 -1 5 960 0239 3 3 -0 9 -1 5 1 1 9 -1 2 -2 0 900 0358 200 9661 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 3 -0 8 -2 0 1 1 9 -1 2 -3 5 890 0425 3 2 -5 0 -1 5 1 1 8 -5 3 -3 5 890 1031 1042 9662 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 2 -5 1 -0 0 1 1 8 -5 4 -4 2 900 1102 3 2 -5 6 -4 0 1 1 8 -5 9 -4 5 875 1322 300 279 A p pendix I-C C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 9664 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 2 -5 6 -2 5 900 1604 1 1 8 -5 6 -0 0 9665 5 -1 4 -6 4 3 2 -5 0 -4 5 900 1844 1 1 8 -5 6 -1 5 9666 5 -1 5 -6 4 3 3 -0 7 -3 0 990 0037 1 1 9 -0 7 -3 0 10605 6 -0 9 -6 5 3 3 -0 9 -3 8 810 1446 1 1 9 -1 7 -1 3 10606 6 -1 0 -6 5 3 3 -0 9 -1 5 860 0655 1 1 9 -1 6 -1 5 10607 6 -1 0 -6 5 3 3 -5 3 -3 2 920 1426 1 1 8 -5 3 -0 0 10608 6 -1 0 -6 5 3 3 -0 8 -1 0 900 2127 1 1 9 -1 3 -1 5 11954 2 -1 3 -6 8 3 3 -0 8 -0 0 920 1645 1 1 9 -1 0 -0 0 11955 2 -1 3 -6 8 3 3 -0 4 -4 5 935 1825 1 1 9 -0 4 -2 5 3 2 -5 1 -5 0 890 1808 100 1 1 8 -5 4 -1 8 3 3 -0 3 -1 8 880 2335 520 1 1 9 -1 0 -2 0 3 2 -5 1 -3 0 730 0629 830 1 1 8 -4 6 -1 0 3 2 -4 9 -0 3 880 2221 1100 1 1 8 -5 4 -3 0 3 2 -5 2 -1 5 920 1356 830 1 1 8 -5 1 -3 0 3 3 -0 8 -2 8 900 2055 750 1 1 9 -1 4 -2 7 3 2 -5 2 -4 5 900 0209 500 1 1 8 -5 4 -2 4 3 3 -0 4 -4 5 935 1810 200 1 1 9 -0 4 -2 5 32- 54-40 855 2106 250 119- 00-00 280 Sta. No. 11956 11957 11958 11959 11960 11961 11964 11965 11997 Fishi (m) 500 800 640 520 250 250 375 1125 200 A p pendix I-C C on tin u ed Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 2 -1 3 -6 8 3 2 -5 4 -4 0 855 2119 1 1 9 -0 0 -0 0 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 4 -3 0 925 0054 1 1 9 -1 0 -0 0 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 3 -5 0 875 0553 1 1 8 -5 7 -1 5 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 7 -2 6 905 1047 1 1 9 -1 0 -4 8 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 0 -2 5 920 1410 1 1 9 -0 1 -3 5 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 7 -2 0 920 1613 1 1 8 -5 7 -3 0 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 8 -0 3 920 2035 1 1 9 -1 0 -3 0 2 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 0 -1 4 900 2340 1 1 9 -0 3 -5 0 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -1 1 -2 0 650 0230 1 1 9 -1 3 -2 2 3 3 -0 4 -3 0 925 0042 1 1 9 -1 0 -0 0 3 2 -5 3 -5 0 875 0542 1 1 8 -5 7 -1 5 3 3 -0 7 -2 6 905 1040 1 1 9 -1 0 -4 8 3 3 -0 0 -2 5 920 1405 1 1 9 -0 1 -3 5 3 3 -2 7 -2 0 920 1540 1 1 8 -5 7 -3 0 3 3 -0 6 -3 0 935 1838 1 1 9 -0 7 -1 5 3 3 -0 0 -1 4 900 2300 1 1 9 -0 3 -5 0 2335 3 3 -4 5 -0 0 790 0615 1 1 8 -4 9 -4 5 3 3 -0 7 -0 0 930 0407 1 1 9 -0 8 -3 0 A p pend ix I-C C o n tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished <m) 11998 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 3 -0 7 -0 0 935 0420 1 1 9 -0 8 -3 0 11999 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 9 -4 5 935 0707 1 1 9 -0 1 -1 0 12000 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 2 -0 8 835 1042 1 1 8 -5 1 -4 4 12003 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -1 9 -4 5 900 1635 1 1 9 -0 0 -3 0 12005 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 0 -3 0 840 1930 1 1 8 -5 1 -4 5 12006 3 -1 4 -6 8 3 2 -5 7 -3 0 910 2255 1 1 8 -5 0 -4 0 12007 3 -1 5 -6 8 3 3 -0 6 -1 5 925 0405 1 1 9 -1 1 -0 0 12009 3 -1 5 -6 8 3 2 -5 9 -0 0 1000 1453 1 1 9 -1 3 -3 0 12725 2- 26-69 33- 08-50 885 1455 119 - 11-30 3 2 -5 9 -4 5 935 0700 300 1 1 9 -0 1 -1 0 3 2 -5 2 -0 8 840 1026 600 1 1 8 -5 1 -4 5 3 3 -0 0 -3 6 935 1530 850 1 1 9 -0 1 -1 5 3 2 -5 0 -3 0 840 1915 275 1 1 8 -5 1 -4 5 3 2 -5 7 -3 0 910 2248 600 1 1 8 -5 8 -4 0 3 3 -0 6 -1 5 925 0350 850 1 1 9 -1 1 -0 0 3 2 -5 3 -0 0 780 1040 1250 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 5 3 3 -0 2 -2 0 950 1652 200 1 1 9 -0 8 -0 0 32- 51-30 860 2155 1030 118 - 59-20 282 A ppendix I-C C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Depth Time F ish ed < m ) 12726 2 -2 6 -6 9 3 2 -5 1 -3 0 860 2207 1 1 8 -5 9 -2 0 12727 2 -2 7 -6 9 3 3 -0 5 -0 0 920 0523 1 1 9 -1 1 -0 0 12728 2 -2 7 -6 9 3 2 -4 5 -0 0 800 1315 1 1 8 -5 9 -3 0 12729 2 -2 7 -6 9 3 2 -5 8 -4 5 810 1720 1 1 9 -0 5 -3 0 12730 2 -2 7 -6 9 3 3 -0 6 -1 0 865 2055 1 1 9 -1 5 -4 0 12731 2 -2 7 -6 9 3 3 -0 6 -4 5 585 2345 1 1 9 -2 6 -4 0 13040 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -2 9 -4 0 850 0715 1 1 9 -2 6 -1 5 13041 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 635 0937 1 1 9 -1 7 -1 0 13042 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -1 7 -4 0 585 1250 1 1 9 -0 7 -1 0 3 3 -0 5 -0 0 920 0505 1350 1 1 9 -1 1 -0 0 3 2 -4 5 -0 0 765 1210 1040 1 1 8 -5 9 -3 0 3 2 -5 8 -2 0 815 1700 620 1 1 9 -0 6 -3 0 3 3 -0 6 -1 0 865 2030 480 1 1 9 -1 5 -4 0 3 3 -0 6 -4 5 585 2315 150 1 1 9 -2 6 -4 0 3 3 -0 4 -4 0 890 0635 1000 1 1 9 -0 0 -0 0 3 3 -2 3 -3 0 635 0920 210 1 1 9 -1 7 -1 0 3 3 -1 7 -4 5 570 1240 300 1 1 9 -0 7 -1 0 3 3 -0 6 -0 0 935 1617 570 1 1 9 -0 6 -2 0 283 A p pend ix I-C C on tin u ed Sta* Date S ta r t Depth Time F in ish Depth Ti F ish ed No. Date P o s itio n (fth.) Txme P o s itio n (fth.) Time F} s “ed (m) 13043 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -0 6 -0 0 935 1 1 9 -0 6 -2 0 13044 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -1 6 -1 5 605 1 1 9 -0 3 -2 0 13045 5 -2 1 -6 9 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 880 1 1 9 -1 3 -3 0 1627 3 3 -1 6 -1 6 605 1 1 9 -0 3 -2 0 1950 3 3 -0 9 -0 0 880 1 1 9 -1 3 -3 0 2315 3 2 -5 9 -3 0 720 1 1 8 -5 0 -1 0 1940 450 2300 450 0602 1020 284 Appendix I-D S ta tio n Data fo r V elero B asin Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 11615 8 -1 6 -6 7 3 1 -4 4 -0 0 1122 0415 1 1 8 -4 5 -2 0 11616 8 -1 6 -6 7 3 1 -3 5 -2 9 1140 0808 1 1 8 -3 5 -1 9 11617 8 -1 6 -6 7 3 1 -2 0 -1 5 1070 1130 1 1 8 -2 9 -1 4 11618 8 -1 6 -6 7 3 1 -4 2 -0 0 1130 1932 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 11619 8 -1 7 -6 7 3 1 -3 2 -1 5 1250 0020 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 0 11622 8 -1 7 -6 7 3 1 -2 3 -1 5 1250 0445 1 1 8 -2 0 -4 0 11623 8 -1 7 -6 7 3 1 -3 8 -3 0 1000 1325 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 0 11624 8 -1 7 -6 7 3 1 -4 7 -0 0 600 1630 1 1 8 -3 0 -0 0 3 1 -3 5 -3 0 1140 0754 430 1 1 8 -3 5 -2 0 3 1 -3 0 -1 6 1120 1114 310 1 1 8 -2 9 -1 5 3 1 -4 2 -0 0 1100 1920 1000 1 1 8 -4 3 -3 0 3 1 -3 2 -1 5 1260 0010 710 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 0 3 1 -2 6 -4 5 1150 0300 250 1 1 8 -2 5 -3 0 3 1 -3 8 -3 0 950 1307 1110 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 0 3 1 -4 7 -0 0 600 1607 260 1 1 8 -3 0 -0 0 3 1 -3 5 -5 2 1200 2013 450 1 1 8 -3 0 -1 0 285 A p pend ix I-D C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth ( f t h . ) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 11627 8 -1 7 -6 7 3 1 -4 8 -4 1 1225 2209 1 1 8 -3 5 -3 4 11628 8 -1 8 -6 7 3 1 -4 5 -0 0 1100 0115 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 11888 1 -2 8 -6 8 3 1 -5 5 -4 8 500 2035 1 1 8 -5 4 -0 0 11889 1 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -4 8 -1 5 1030 0020 1 1 8 -4 7 -3 0 11890 1 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -3 5 -0 0 1100 0527 1 1 8 -3 5 -0 0 11891 1 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -2 9 -2 8 1230 0846 1 1 8 -2 2 -0 0 11892 1 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -2 7 -6 8 925 1133 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 11895 1 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -1 6 -3 0 900 1533 1 1 7 -5 7 -0 0 12117 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -4 1 -1 5 1250 0019 1 1 8 -4 0 -4 5 3 1 -4 5 -0 0 1100 0105 300 1 1 8 -4 5 -3 0 3 1 -3 0 -4 5 1300 0859 1000 1 1 8 -2 9 -0 6 3 1 -4 8 -1 5 1030 0012 500 1 1 8 -4 7 -3 0 3 1 -3 5 -0 0 1100 0513 625 1 1 8 -3 5 -0 0 3 1 -2 9 -6 8 1250 0838 470 1 1 8 -2 2 -0 0 3 1 -2 7 -2 4 950 1125 250 1 1 8 -0 9 -0 0 3 1 -1 9 -0 0 750 1323 350 1 1 8 -0 3 -0 6 3 1 -1 5 -3 4 1000 2024 700 1 1 7 -3 9 -1 2 3 1 -3 2 -1 5 1350 0218 300 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 286 A p pend ix I-D C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (in) 12118 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -3 2 -1 5 1350 0214 1 1 8 -0 0 -0 0 12119 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -4 2 -3 0 1100 0800 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 0 12120 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -3 5 -0 0 1300 1050 12121 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -2 6 -4 5 1200 1423 1 1 8 -2 3 -5 0 12122 5 -2 9 -6 8 3 1 -3 6 -1 5 1300 1917 1 1 8 -3 4 -4 5 12698 2 -0 4 -6 9 3 1 -4 7 -3 0 1050 2140 1 1 8 -4 7 -5 0 12699 2 -0 5 -6 9 3 1 -3 2 -0 0 1350 0450 1 1 8 -3 0 -4 5 12700 2 -0 5 -6 9 3 1 -3 7 -5 8 1250 0845 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 4 12701 2 -0 5 -6 9 3 1 -3 1 -3 0 1300 1245 1 1 8 -2 5 -3 0 3 1 -4 2 -3 0 1100 0700 800 1 1 8 -4 2 -0 0 3 1 -3 5 -0 0 1300 1043 275 1 1 8 -3 3 -3 0 3 1 -2 6 -4 5 1200 1405 530 1 1 8 -2 3 -5 0 3 1 -3 6 -3 5 1300 1906 840 1 1 8 -3 4 -4 5 3 1 -4 4 -3 0 800 0155 1330 1 1 8 -4 9 -4 5 3 1 -3 0 -0 0 135 0435 1090 1 1 8 -3 0 -4 5 3 1 -3 8 -0 0 1300 0830 680 1 1 8 -3 7 -4 5 3 1 -3 1 -3 0 1300 1235 650 1 1 8 -2 5 -3 0 3 1 -4 2 -0 0 1000 1948 1250 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 287 A ppendix I-D C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m) 12702 12703 13299 13300 13301 13302 2 -0 5 -6 9 2 -0 6 -6 9 8 -1 4 -6 9 8 -1 4 -6 9 8 -1 5 -6 9 8 -1 5 -6 9 3 1 -4 2 -0 0 1 1 8 -4 0 -0 0 3 1 -2 4 -1 5 1 1 8 -1 9 -3 0 3 1 -5 4 -0 0 1 1 8 -3 8 -4 5 3 1 -3 2 -0 0 1 1 8 -2 9 -1 5 3 1 -4 5 -4 4 1 1 8 -4 8 -0 0 3 1 -3 5 -1 5 1 1 8 -3 0 -3 0 1000 1958 3 1 -2 4 -1 5 750 0248 1080 1 1 8 -1 9 -3 0 750 0300 3 1 -2 8 -1 5 850 0630 410 1 1 8 -2 1 -4 5 550 1735 3 1 -3 2 -0 0 1300 2323 500 1 1 8 -2 9 -1 5 1300 2329 3 1 -4 5 -4 4 950 0630 1200 1 1 8 -4 8 -0 0 950 0700 3 1 -3 5 -1 5 1150 1358 1200 1 1 8 -3 0 -3 0 1150 1406 3 1 -4 2 -1 5 1000 1755 800 1 1 8 -3 9 -4 5 288 Appendix I-E S ta tio n Data fo r San Pedro Basin S ta . No* Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed (m ) 7220 1 2 -0 8 -6 0 7221 1 2 -0 9 -6 0 7273 7279 7280 7281 7282 7299 1 -2 3 -6 1 2 -0 2 -6 1 2 -0 2 -6 1 2 -0 3 -6 1 2 -0 3 -6 1 2 -2 4 -6 1 3 3 -3 4 -0 5 484 1050 1 1 8 -2 3 -5 4 3 3 -3 7 -3 6 463 1008 1 1 8 -3 2 -2 8 3 3 -3 9 -0 7 458 1015 1 1 8 -3 1 -0 2 3 3 -3 9 -2 5 462 1124 1 1 8 -3 1 -3 9 3 3 -2 5 -0 6 460 2041 1 1 8 -1 6 -3 4 3 3 -3 3 -1 2 480 0148 1 1 8 -2 3 -5 6 3 3 -2 5 -4 3 440 0946 1 1 8 -1 6 -5 5 3 3 -3 8 -0 3 468 1005 1 1 8 -3 2 -3 9 3 3 -2 9 -0 6 478 1341 465 1 1 8 -1 8 -4 2 3 3 -2 7 -1 3 461 1510 815 1 1 8 -1 7 -2 4 3 3 -2 7 -4 7 455 1503 600 1 1 8 -1 6 -0 6 3 3 -2 5 -1 8 436 1647 675 1 1 8 -1 5 -1 6 3 3 -3 3 -1 6 480 0045 360 1 1 8 -2 4 -4 6 3 3 -2 5 -4 4 440 0500 675 1 1 8 -1 6 -3 8 3 3 -3 4 -5 6 483 1352 345 1 1 8 -2 6 -1 0 3 3 -2 5 -4 8 458 1510 710 1 1 8 -1 6 -4 8 289 A p pendix I-E C o n tin u ed S ta . NO. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ish ed <m) 7325 3 -0 9 -6 1 3 3 -3 6 -5 4 460 1129 1 1 8 -2 4 -1 8 7343 4 -0 7 -6 1 3 3 -4 1 -3 9 433 1026 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 5 7344 4 -0 7 -6 1 3 3 -2 6 -4 2 472 2039 1 1 8 -1 8 -1 6 7345 4 -0 8 -6 1 3 3 -3 7 -1 2 480 0046 1 1 8 -3 0 -1 1 7346 4 -0 8 -6 1 3 3 -2 7 -4 8 458 1001 1 1 8 -1 6 -4 0 7370 5 -0 5 -6 1 3 3 -3 6 -1 6 460 1205 1 1 8 -2 3 -2 5 7371 6 -2 8 -6 1 3 3 -3 8 -3 0 452 1020 1 1 8 -3 3 -1 8 7373 6 -2 8 -6 1 3 3 -2 6 -5 4 464 2150 1 1 8 -1 8 -0 4 7374 6 -2 9 -6 1 3 3 -3 5 -2 4 476 0200 1 1 8 -2 9 -5 6 3 3 -2 4 -1 4 447 1420 680 1 1 8 -1 7 -4 4 3 3 -2 6 -2 8 448 1615 860 1 1 8 -1 7 -0 8 3 3 -3 3 -3 6 482 2336 640 1 1 8 -2 5 -4 6 3 3 -2 8 -0 3 475 0452 800 1 1 8 -1 9 -4 2 3 3 -4 1 -1 4 432 1457 650 3 3 -3 1 -5 5 461 1435 450 1 1 8 -1 6 -1 1 3 3 -2 6 -2 4 447 1605 800 1 1 8 -1 6 -1 2 3 3 -3 3 -1 2 478 0131 710 1 1 8 -2 7 -2 4 3 3 -2 8 -0 0 475 0550 910 1 1 8 -1 8 -4 8 290 S ta . No. 7375 7380 7385 7386 7387 7388 7389 7390 7391 Fish< (m) 640 500 700 250 350 600 650 550 550 A p pendix I-E C o n tin u e d Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time 6 -2 9 -6 1 3 3 -2 8 -3 0 451 1022 1 1 8 -1 7 -1 8 7 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 6 -4 8 468 1241 1 1 8 -2 6 -2 6 8 -0 9 -6 1 3 3 -3 8 -0 6 466 1238 1 1 8 -3 0 -0 4 8 -1 5 -6 1 3 3 -3 7 -3 4 463 1003 1 1 8 -2 5 -3 2 8 -1 5 -6 1 3 3 -3 3 -1 0 455 1153 1 1 8 -2 0 -0 0 8 -1 5 -6 1 3 3 -2 9 -4 5 430 1350 1 1 8 -1 6 -3 9 8 -1 5 -6 1 3 3 -3 1 -5 0 478 1600 1 1 8 -2 3 -3 2 8 -1 5 -6 1 3 3 -2 7 -1 2 468 2011 1 1 8 -1 8 -2 0 8- 15-61 33- 31-26 478 2333 118- 26-30 3 3 -3 9 -3 0 450 1525 1 1 8 -3 1 -5 2 3 3 -3 2 -3 0 490 1445 1 1 8 -2 1 -0 3 3 3 -3 4 -3 6 473 1508 1 1 8 -2 3 -4 2 3 3 -3 4 -0 0 432 1132 1 1 8 -2 1 -0 0 3 3 -3 0 -0 0 440 1340 1 1 8 -1 7 -3 3 3 3 -3 1 -5 9 478 1536 1 1 8 -2 3 -4 0 3 3 -2 7 -2 3 462 1800 1 1 8 -1 7 -5 3 3 3 -3 1 -3 0 478 2222 1 1 8 -2 5 -5 0 33- 37-06 473 0133 118 - 31-42 A p pend ix I-E C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m ) 7392 8 -1 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 7 -0 2 473 0159 1 1 8 -3 1 -5 0 7393 8 -1 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 2 -4 4 477 0422 1 1 8 -2 5 -1 8 7394 8 -1 6 -6 1 3 3 -2 7 -1 2 455 0736 1 1 8 -1 5 -5 1 7409 9 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 8 -4 7 460 0954 1 1 8 -2 7 -3 0 7410 9 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 4 -1 4 430 1227 1 1 8 -2 1 -3 3 7411 9 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -2 7 -1 2 422 1532 1 1 8 -1 5 -0 0 7412 9 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -4 0 -3 3 479 1936 1 1 8 -2 1 -4 4 7413 9 -0 6 -6 1 3 3 -3 7 -1 9 469 2251 1 1 8 -2 9 -4 2 7414 9 -0 7 -6 1 3 3 -3 1 -5 4 478 0240 1 1 8 -2 2 -1 6 3 3 -3 2 -4 8 0352 350 1 1 8 -2 5 -2 5 3 3 -2 9 -3 8 447 0557 250 1 1 8 -2 0 -3 0 3 3 -3 8 -1 0 462 1216 300 1 1 8 -2 9 -2 7 3 3 -3 4 -1 2 445 1218 600 1 1 8 -2 1 -4 8 3 3 -2 7 -3 1 420 1510 750 1 1 8 -1 5 -5 3 3 3 -3 0 -4 8 469 1815 815 1 1 8 -2 2 -1 8 3 3 -3 5 -5 0 473 2215 820 1 1 8 -2 7 -3 0 3 3 -3 2 -2 3 478 0215 660 1 1 8 -2 3 -0 0 3 3 -2 5 -2 6 440 0403 490 1 1 8 -1 6 -4 0 292 A ppendix I-E C o n tin u ed S ta . No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F ished (m) 7415 9 -0 7 -6 1 3 3 -2 5 -5 7 448 0616 1 1 8 -1 6 -3 9 7513 1 -0 4 -6 2 3 3 -3 7 -3 3 472 0930 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 8 7514 1 -1 4 -6 2 3 3 -3 3 -4 1 481 1231 1 1 8 -2 4 -4 8 7569 2 -0 7 -6 2 3 3 -3 9 -3 0 445 1048 1 1 8 -3 2 -1 0 8234 1 0 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -3 1 -2 5 395 0800 1 1 8 -1 4 -3 6 8235 1 0 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -3 4 -0 2 430 1003 1 1 8 -2 1 -0 6 8236 1 0 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -3 7 -0 2 470 1209 1 1 8 -2 7 -2 4 8237 1 0 -2 2 -6 2 3 3 -3 2 -5 6 480 1427 1 1 8 -2 1 -2 4 8309 11- 21-62 33- 35-44 480 1908 118- 28-27 3 3 -3 8 -0 6 457 1059 655 1 1 8 -3 2 -0 7 3 3 -3 2 -0 5 470 1200 540 1 1 8 -2 0 -0 8 3 3 -2 6 -2 7 450 1547 740 1 1 8 -1 6 -2 4 3 3 -2 3 -5 7 338 1617 650 1 1 8 -1 5 -2 0 3 3 -3 3 -5 0 460 0920 85 1 1 8 -2 0 -5 4 3 3 -3 7 -0 8 470 1159 1375 1 1 8 -2 7 -4 5 3 3 -3 3 -1 2 478 1407 520 1 1 8 -2 1 -1 8 3 3 -0 1 -0 8 435 1725 750 1 1 7 -2 9 -1 3 3 3 -3 0 -2 8 480 2110 375 1 1 8 -2 1 -3 2 293 A ppendix I-E C on tin u ed Sta. No. Date S ta r t P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time F in ish P o s itio n Depth (fth.) Time Depth F is h e d (m) 8310 8311 8312 1 1 -2 1 -6 2 1 1 -2 1 -6 2 1 1 -2 2 -6 2 8378 1 2 -1 5 -6 2 8446 1 -1 8 -6 3 3 3 -3 0 -3 6 478 2133 1 1 8 -2 1 -2 8 3 3 -3 4 -1 7 475 2323 1 1 8 -2 7 -0 6 3 3 -3 7 -0 8 465 0102 1 1 8 -3 1 -4 2 3 3 -3 8 -5 6 465 0947 1 1 8 -3 1 -4 8 3 3 -3 7 -2 8 470 1241 1 1 8 -3 0 -2 0 3 3 -3 4 -0 5 478 2303 150 1 1 8 -2 5 -0 3 3 3 -3 7 -0 6 470 0029 50 1 1 8 -3 1 -5 6 3 3 -3 0 -4 4 470 0406 784 1 1 8 -2 3 -1 6 3 3 -3 3 -1 4 495 1230 550 1 1 8 -2 4 -5 8 3 3 -3 3 -1 8 476 1545 700 1 1 8 -2 2 -2 8 294 Appendix I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n s t a k e n o f f S o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a 295 296 I . I n t e r p o l a t e d < d a t a from CalCO FI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 1 - 0 9 - 6 0 ; 1215 h r s ; 33° 1 0 ' N, 118° 2 3 . 5 ' W; s o u n d i n g , 633 fm; C r u i s e 6 0 0 1 . D e p th i n T S 0 2 M e t e r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 5 .1 6 3 3 .5 8 5 .4 7 10 1 5 .1 4 3 3 .5 9 5. 48 20 15 .0 6 33. 59 5 .4 5 30 1 4 .9 3 3 3 .5 8 5. 40 50 1 4 .4 4 3 3 .5 5 5 . 42 75 13 . 50 3 3 .5 1 5 .0 2 100 11. 60 3 3 .5 9 4 .2 5 125 9. 79 3 3 .7 7 3. 36 150 9. 38 33. 89 2 .9 2 200 8 .9 2 3 4 .0 4 2 .0 8 250 8 .5 7 3 4 .1 7 1 .5 5 300 8 .2 8 3 4 .2 2 1 .2 7 400 7 .4 6 3 4 .2 6 0 . 88 500 6 .4 3 3 4 .3 1 0 .6 0 I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d 4 - 0 2 - 6 0 ; 1049 s o u n d i n g , 640 d a t a fro m CalCO FI s t a t i o n 9 0 . 3 7 ; h r s ; 33° 1 0 . 5 ' N, 118° 2 3 .5 * W; fm; C r u i s e 600 4 . D e p th i n T S o 2 M e t e r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 4 .9 2 3 3 .6 5 5 .7 8 10 1 4 .9 2 3 3 .6 0 5 .8 3 20 14. 90 33. 60 5 .8 5 30 1 4 .6 8 3 3 .6 1 5 .9 0 50 1 4 .6 8 3 3 .6 1 4 .5 9 75 1 0 .6 8 3 3 .6 9 3 .7 2 100 9 .8 5 3 3 .8 2 3 .3 8 125 9. 36 3 3 .8 8 2 .9 6 150 9 .0 4 3 4 .0 3 2 .4 0 200 8 .5 0 3 4 .1 4 1 .6 9 250 8 .1 4 3 4 .1 8 1 .3 2 300 7 .6 1 3 4 .2 1 1 .1 2 400 6 .7 0 3 4 .2 6 0 .6 0 500 6 .0 4 3 4 .3 1 0 . 3 8 600 5 .5 7 3 4 .3 6 0 .2 9 2 9 7 I I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI 8 - 1 2 - 6 0 ; 0035 h r s ; 33® 1 1 ' N, s o u n d i n g , 650 fm; C r u i s e 60 08. s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 118° 2 2 . 5 ' W; D e p th i n T S o2 M e te r s °c 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 2 1 .0 9 3 3 .7 9 10 2 1 .0 4 3 3 .7 9 20 1 9 .9 8 33. 78 4 .9 8 30 15 .1 4 33 .7 0 6 .1 0 50 1 2 .6 0 3 3 .6 1 4 .6 2 75 1 0 .8 4 3 3 .6 8 3 .6 3 100 9 .9 3 3 3 .8 2 3.06 125 9 .4 9 3 3 .9 9 2 .6 3 150 9 .0 4 3 3 .9 9 2 .4 7 200 8 .8 4 3 4 .1 8 1 .5 9 250 8 .5 2 3 4 .3 1 0 .9 4 300 8 .0 4 34. 32 0 .7 5 400 7 .1 1 3 4 .3 1 0 .4 8 500 6 .2 7 3 4 .3 3 0 . 32 600 5 .7 2 3 4 .3 6 0 .2 1 IV . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 1 0 - 0 4 - 6 0 ; 0307 h r s ; 33° 1 0 . 5 ' N, 118° 23.5* W s o u n d i n g , 640 fm; C r u i s e 6 0 0 9 . D ep th i n T S °2 M e te rs °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 9 .6 8 33. 76 5 .1 0 10 1 9 .6 7 3 3 .7 5 5 .0 7 20 1 9 .3 4 33 .7 4 5 .1 9 30 1 7 .9 0 3 3 .6 7 5 .7 2 50 1 2 .8 5 3 3 .5 9 4 .6 5 75 1 0 .9 8 3 3 .6 0 4 .0 9 100 1 0 .0 0 3 3 .7 6 3.14 125 9 .5 0 33. 84 2 .9 5 150 9 .1 9 3 3 .9 5 2 .4 5 200 8 .7 9 34 .0 9 1 .8 0 250 8 .3 4 3 4 .2 7 0 .9 2 300 7 .8 5 3 4 .2 9 0 .8 1 400 6 .9 8 3 4 .3 0 0 .5 7 500 6 .4 0 3 4 .3 2 0 .4 5 600 5 .8 9 3 4 .3 5 0 .3 4 298 V. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 1 - 2 3 - 6 1 ; 1412 h r s ; 33* 1 0 . 5 ' N, 118® 2 3 .5 ' W; s o u n d in g , 640 fm; C r u is e 6 1 0 1 . D e p th i n T s o 2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 5 .0 1 3 3 .5 3 5 .9 0 10 1 4 .9 3 3 3 .5 3 5 .9 6 20 1 4 . 79 3 3 .5 3 5 .9 4 30 1 3 .8 6 3 3 .5 1 5 .6 0 50 1 2 . 86 3 3 .5 0 4 .9 6 75 1 2 . 25 3 3 .5 2 4 .6 6 100 1 1 .6 5 33. 56 4 .3 0 125 1 1 .0 7 3 3 .6 1 4 .0 7 150 1 0 .6 1 3 3 .6 8 3 .7 4 200 9 .6 6 3 3 .9 4 3 .1 4 250 8 .8 7 3 4 .1 5 1 .6 6 300 8 .4 4 3 4 .2 2 1 .2 2 400 7 .3 7 3 4 .2 5 0 .7 6 V I . I n t e r p o l a t e d 4 - 2 4 - 6 1 ; 2107 s o u n d i n g , 635 d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; h r s ; 33° 12* N, 118° 24* W; fm; C r u i s e 6 1 0 4 - 5 . D e p th i n T S °2 M e t e r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 5 .7 2 3 3 .4 6 5 .7 4 10 1 5 .6 6 3 3 .4 5 5 .7 4 20 1 5 .4 0 3 3 .4 4 5 .7 0 30 1 4 .2 5 3 3 .4 2 5 .5 8 50 1 1 .8 0 3 3 .4 0 4 .2 4 75 1 0 .6 9 3 3 .5 7 3 .3 5 100 9. 81 3 3 .7 4 2 .7 3 125 9 .1 5 3 3 .7 6 2 .6 4 150 8 .8 7 3 3 .8 7 2 .1 8 200 8. 85 3 4 .0 5 1 .3 1 250 8 .1 0 3 4 .0 3 1 .1 3 300 7 .7 2 3 4 .0 7 0 .8 9 400 6 . 8 3 3 4 .1 1 0 .5 1 500 6 .1 2 3 4 .1 5 0 .4 0 299 V I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 7 - 1 4 - 6 1 ; 2129 h r s ; 33° 1 0 .5 ' N, 118° 2 3 .5 ' W ; so u n d in g , 635 fm; C r u is e 6 1 0 7 -8 . D epth i n T S 0 2 M e te rs °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 9 .6 5 3 3 .8 2 5 .7 3 10 17. 30 3 3 .7 6 6 .3 0 20 1 5 .1 2 3 3 .6 9 6 .0 3 30 1 3 .7 8 3 3 .6 4 5 .6 4 50 11. 80 3 3 .6 2 4 .8 5 75 1 0 .2 4 3 3 .7 4 3 .5 7 100 9 .4 7 3 3 .8 7 2 .5 9 125 9 .1 2 3 3 .9 8 2 .4 6 150 8. 82 3 4 .0 4 2 .1 0 200 8 .5 6 3 4 .2 0 1 .4 5 250 8 .1 0 3 4 .2 4 1 .0 4 300 7 .7 7 3 4 .2 8 0 .7 5 400 7 .2 1 3 4 .3 1 0 .5 0 500 6 .6 4 34. 33 0 .4 0 V I I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 . 37; 1 0 - 2 6 - 6 1 ; 1348 h r s ; 33° 1 1 ’ N, 118° 2 3 . 5 ' W; s o u n d i n g , 638 fm; C r u i s e 6 1 1 0 -1 1 . D ep th i n T S o 2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 8 .6 6 33. 70 5 .4 6 10 1 8 .6 4 3 3 .6 9 5 .4 6 20 1 5 .8 9 3 3 .5 0 5 .8 2 30 1 3 .8 2 3 3 .4 2 6 .0 5 50 1 1 .8 0 3 3 .5 1 4 .7 1 75 1 0 .6 9 3 3 .6 4 3 .9 3 100 9 .7 0 3 3 .7 9 3 .2 1 125 9 .5 0 3 3 .8 7 2 .8 6 150 9. 29 3 3 .9 2 2 .6 9 200 8 .7 7 3 4 .0 3 2 .2 1 250 8 .4 9 3 4 .1 8 1 .5 7 300 8 .0 5 3 4 .2 2 0 .9 4 400 7 .0 9 3 4 .2 6 0 .6 6 500 6 .2 9 3 4 .3 2 0 .3 8 600 5 .7 6 34. 36 0 .3 4 300 IX. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 1 - 3 0 - 6 2 ; 0900 h r s ; 33° 10.5* N, 118° 2 3 . 5 ' W ; s o u n d in g , 635 fm; C r u is e 6 2 0 1 -2 . D epth i n M e te rs T °C S 0 /0 0 02 m l/L 0 1 4 .1 4 3 3 ,5 4 5 .9 0 10 1 4 .0 3 33 .5 4 5. 79 20 13. 89 33 .5 2 5 .6 4 30 1 3 .7 1 3 3 .5 2 5 .4 1 50 1 2 .9 8 33 .5 2 4 .8 3 75 1 1 .4 2 3 3 .6 4 3 .5 7 100 1 1 .1 4 3 3 .8 3 2 .5 6 125 1 0 .5 0 33 .9 0 2 .5 6 150 1 0 .0 1 3 4 .0 5 2 .0 8 200 9 . 41 3 4 .0 9 1 .8 9 250 8 .3 9 3 4 .1 1 1 .7 9 300 7 .8 7 34 .1 6 1 .3 1 400 7. 32 3 4 .2 4 0 .7 5 500 6. 34 34. 32 0 . 31 X. I n t e r p o l a t e d 4 - 0 7 - 6 2 ; 0721 s o u n d i n g , 633 d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; h r s ; 33° 1 0 ’ N, 118° 2 3 ' W; fm; C r u i s e 6 2 0 3 - 4 . D epth i n T S °2 M e te rs °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 4 .4 6 33 .5 2 6 .0 1 10 1 4 . 33 3 3 .5 2 6 .0 5 20 1 3 .6 8 3 3 .5 2 6 .1 1 30 1 2 .7 0 33 .5 2 5 .8 8 50 1 2 .3 1 3 3 .5 1 5 .7 8 75 1 0 .3 9 3 3 .7 0 3 .3 0 100 9 .8 8 3 3 .8 1 2 .9 7 125 9 .3 3 3 3 .9 1 2 .6 1 150 9 .2 3 3 4 .0 6 2 .0 1 200 8 .9 7 3 4 .2 2 1 .3 1 250 8 .6 2 3 4 .2 8 0 .9 8 300 7 .8 2 3 4 .2 6 0 .8 5 400 6 .8 7 34 .2 9 0 .4 8 500 6 .1 1 3 4 .3 3 0 .3 6 301 XI. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 8 - 2 9 - 6 2 ; 0631 h r s ; 33° 0 4 . 5 ’ N, 118° 35' W ; so u n d in g , 400 fm; C r u is e 6 2 0 7 - 8 . D ep th i n M e te rs T °C S 0 /0 0 02 m l/L 0 2 0 . 88 3 3 .8 5 5 .0 6 10 2 0 .1 4 3 3 .8 2 5 .3 8 20 1 6 .5 0 3 3 .7 1 5 .5 3 30 1 4 .1 2 3 3 .6 8 5 .5 7 50 1 1 .6 8 3 3 .7 0 4 .6 6 75 9 .91 3 3 .8 2 2 .9 2 100 9 .2 8 3 3 .9 2 2 .6 0 125 9 .0 0 3 3 .9 6 2 .4 4 150 8 .7 2 3 4 .0 2 2 .4 0 200 7 .9 4 3 4 .0 5 1 .6 0 250 7 .6 3 3 4 .0 9 1 .5 9 X I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 0 .3 7 ; 1 1 - 0 2 - 6 2 ; 0333 h r s ; 33° 1 1' N, 118® 22 .5 * W; s o u n d i n g , 660 fm; C r u i s e 6 2 1 0 -1 1 . D epth i n M e te rs T °C S 0 /0 0 0 2 m l/L 0 1 6 .8 5 3 3 .6 8 5 .6 3 10 1 6 .7 2 3 3 .6 7 5 .7 1 20 1 4 .3 0 3 3 .5 8 5 .3 8 30 1 3 .0 0 3 3 .5 4 5 .1 2 50 1 1 .1 7 3 3 .5 7 4 .6 8 75 1 0 .2 2 3 3 .6 6 3 .8 4 100 9 .6 2 3 3 .8 3 2 .9 9 12 5 9 .2 2 3 3 .9 7 2 .5 9 150 9 .1 1 3 4 .0 6 2 .3 0 200 8 .8 0 3 4 .1 6 1 .6 9 250 8 .2 2 3 4 .1 9 1. 34 300 7 .9 7 3 4 .2 5 0 .9 2 400 7 .2 9 3 4 .3 0 0 .5 1 500 6 .3 9 3 4 .3 3 0 .2 6 302 X I I I . I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 1 - 0 9 - 6 0 ; 0900 h r s ; 32° 2 9 . 5 ' N, 118° 1 1 .5 * W ; s o u n d in g , 950 fm; C r u is e 6 0 0 1 . D e p th i n M e te r s T °C S 0 /0 0 02 m l/L 0 1 5 .5 6 3 3 .5 8 5 .6 2 10 1 5 .5 6 33. 57 5 .7 0 20 1 5 .5 4 3 3 .5 6 5 .6 9 30 1 5 .5 0 3 3 .5 6 5 .6 3 50 1 5 .4 1 3 3 .6 0 5 .5 9 75 1 3 .0 2 33. 38 5 .1 9 100 1 1 .5 6 3 3 .4 9 4. 57 125 1 0 .7 4 3 3 .5 5 4 .1 7 150 9 .8 9 3 3 .6 9 3 .6 8 200 8 .7 8 3 3 .9 7 4 .6 4 250 8 .1 0 3 4 .0 7 1 . 89 300 7 .6 9 3 4 .1 7 1 .4 5 400 6 .9 1 3 4 .2 2 0 .7 8 500 6 .2 2 3 4 .2 8 0 .4 4 XIV. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCO FI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 6 - 2 5 - 6 0 ; 2258 h r s ; 32° 3 0 ' N, 118° 0 9 ’ W; s o u n d i n g , 1000 fm; C r u i s e 6 0 0 5 . D e p th i n T S 02 M e t e r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 6 . 54 3 3 .7 5 5 .6 8 10 1 6 .4 6 33. 72 5. 71 20 1 6 .1 9 3 3 .7 1 5. 70 30 1 2 .0 2 3 3 .6 6 4 .9 5 50 1 0 .4 4 3 3 .6 5 3 .9 8 75 9 .5 4 3 3 .8 8 2 .9 4 100 9 . 1 7 3 3 .9 5 2 .4 9 125 8 .8 6 3 4 .0 2 2 .1 3 150 8 .5 9 3 4 .1 0 1 .7 6 200 8 .1 3 3 4 .2 0 1 .2 1 250 7 .6 4 3 4 .3 0 0 .89 300 7 .1 2 3 4 .3 0 0 .7 1 400 6 . 38 3 4 .3 3 0 . 4 7 500 5 .7 7 3 4 .3 7 0 . 3 8 303 XV. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 8 - 1 4 - 6 0 ; 2315 h r s ; 32° 20' N, 118° 11.5* W ; s o u n d in g , 950 fm; C r u is e 600 8. D epth i n T s 0 2 M e te rs °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 8 .9 0 33. 82 5 .3 0 10 1 8 .7 3 3 3 .8 2 5 .5 4 20 1 8 .1 3 3 3 .7 5 5 .6 8 30 1 6 .2 7 3 3 .6 0 5 .9 7 50 1 2 .2 1 3 3 .5 7 5 .0 7 75 11.00 3 3 .6 6 4 .3 5 100 9 .9 2 3 3 .8 5 3 .2 5 125 9 .6 1 3 3 .9 2 2 .9 0 150 9 .3 7 3 4 .0 4 2 .2 7 200 8 .7 4 3 4 .1 3 1 .8 9 250 8 .2 9 3 4 .2 1 1.29 300 8 .1 3 3 4 .3 1 0 .9 4 400 7 .0 0 34. 32 0 .5 3 500 6 .4 3 3 4 .3 4 0 .3 2 600 6 .1 6 3 4 .3 8 XVI. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 1 0 - 1 5 - 6 0 ; 1156 h r s ; 32° 3 0 ' N, 118° 1 2 . 5 ' W; s o u n d i n g , 950 fm; C r u i s e 6 0 0 9 -6 0 . D epth i n T S o2 M e te rs °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 8 .1 8 3 3 .5 4 5 .4 4 10 18. 08 3 3 .5 3 5 .5 0 20 1 8 .0 8 3 3 .5 3 5 .5 1 30 1 7 .6 0 3 3 .4 9 5 .6 2 50 1 4 .3 0 3 3 .2 8 6 .0 7 75 1 3 .3 0 3 3 .4 4 5 .5 2 100 1 1 .3 0 3 3 .5 3 4 .8 5 125 9 .8 4 3 3 .6 9 4 .0 1 150 9 .1 8 3 3 .8 2 3 .7 2 200 8 .5 4 3 3 .9 6 3 .1 2 250 7 .7 8 3 4 .0 8 1 .9 8 300 7 .0 8 3 4 .1 4 1 .4 9 400 7 .6 3 3 4 .2 6 0 .8 2 500 6 .2 6 3 4 .3 4 0 .4 1 304 XVII. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 2 - 0 8 - 6 1 ; 0622 h r s ; 32° 30* N, 118° 1 2 .5 ' W ; so u n d in g , 950 fm; C r u ise 6 1 0 1 -2 . D epth i n M e te rs T °C S 0 /0 0 ml?L 0 1 5 .2 6 3 3 .5 3 5 .5 8 10 1 5 .2 7 3 3 .5 3 5 .6 8 20 1 5 .2 4 3 3 .5 3 5 .7 7 30 1 4 .9 8 3 3 .5 3 5 .9 1 50 1 3 .9 1 3 3 .4 9 5 .4 3 75 1 1 .9 4 33.49 4 .5 9 100 1 1 .1 8 3 3 .5 9 3 .9 6 125 1 0 .0 8 3 3 .7 8 3 .1 6 150 9 .6 4 3 3 .9 4 2 .5 2 200 9 .22 3 4 .0 7 1 .7 3 250 8 .6 8 3 4 .2 3 1 .6 2 300 8 .2 7 3 4 .2 4 1 .0 1 400 7 .2 6 3 4 .2 8 0 . 74 500 6 .4 3 3 4 .3 2 0 .4 6 600 5 .8 3 3 4 .3 5 0 .3 3 XVI11. I n t e r p o l a t e d 4 - 2 3 - 6 1 ; 1600 s o u n d i n g , 925 d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 h r s ; 32° 30* N, 118° 1 2 . 5 ’ W; fm; C r u i s e 6 1 0 4 -5 . D epth i n T S o 2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 5 .1 9 3 3 .6 9 6 .0 5 10 1 5 .1 9 3 3 .7 1 6 .1 4 20 1 5 .1 9 3 3 .7 1 6 .1 4 30 1 1 .8 2 3 3 .6 4 4 .4 8 50 1 0 .7 9 3 3 .7 6 3 .5 5 75 1 0 .1 1 3 3 .8 5 3 .2 1 100 9 .5 9 33 .9 2 3 .2 6 125 8 .9 6 33 .9 2 3.36 150 8 .7 9 3 4 .0 8 2 .6 2 200 8 .1 7 3 4 .1 6 1 .8 4 250 7 .7 4 3 4 .2 1 1 .3 3 300 7 .5 9 3 4 .2 6 0 .9 5 400 6 .9 2 3 4 .3 2 0 .5 0 500 6 .1 3 34 .3 6 0 .2 9 600 5 .5 6 3 4 .3 8 0 .3 0 305 XIX. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 7 - 1 6 - 6 1 ; 0230 h r s ; 32° 30' N, 118° 13' W; s o u n d in g , 640 fm; C r u is e 6 1 0 7 - 8 . D e p th i n M e te r s T °C S 0 /0 0 02 m l/L 0 1 8 .4 5 3 3 .7 4 5 .5 2 10 1 8 .1 6 3 3 .7 4 5 .5 5 20 1 7 .0 0 3 3 .7 2 5 .5 9 30 1 3 .7 4 3 3 .6 5 5 .6 2 50 1 2 . 30 3 3 .6 5 4 .79 75 1 1 .0 0 3 3 .7 3 3 .9 0 100 1 0 .0 9 3 3 .7 9 3 .1 8 125 9 .4 2 3 3 .9 0 2 .73 150 9 .1 4 3 3 .9 8 2 .3 0 200 8 .3 3 3 4 .0 9 1 .8 6 250 7 .9 9 3 4 .1 6 1 .4 1 300 7 .5 3 3 4 .2 1 1 .0 0 400 8 .6 2 3 4 .2 9 0 .44 500 6 .1 1 3 4 .3 4 0 .26 XX. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 . 4 0 ; 1 0 - 2 1 - 6 1 ; 2300 h r s ; 32* 3 0' N, 118° 1 2 . 5 ' W; s o u n d i n g , 900 fm; C r u i s e 6 1 1 0 - 1 1 . D e p th i n T S o 2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 8 .8 6 3 3 .6 0 5 .2 1 10 1 8 .8 4 3 3 .5 9 5 .4 6 20 1 8 .8 4 3 3 .5 9 5 .4 6 30 1 5 .5 5 3 3 .2 8 6 .0 0 50 1 3 .4 9 3 3 .2 5 5 .9 5 75 1 1 .3 5 3 3 .3 9 4 .7 2 100 1 0 .4 2 3 3 .5 9 3 .8 2 125 1 0 .6 7 3 3 .9 3 1 .9 0 150 1 0 .1 4 3 4 .0 2 1 .9 5 200 9 .2 1 3 4 .1 4 1 .7 6 250 9 . 2 1 3 4 .2 8 1 .0 5 300 8 .4 9 3 4 .2 6 1 .0 2 400 7 .5 2 3 4 .2 8 0 .6 5 500 6 .7 2 3 4 .3 1 0 .5 7 600 5 .8 6 3 4 .3 5 0 .3 2 306 XXI. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 2 - 0 4 - 6 2 ; 1422 h r s ; 32° 3 0 ’ N, 118° 1 1 .5 * W; s o u n d in g , 950 fm; C r u is e 6 0 1 2 - 2 . D e p th i n T S °2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 4 .3 0 3 3 .4 5 10 14 . 32 3 3 .4 5 5 .8 9 20 1 4 . 30 3 3 .4 5 5 .8 9 30 1 3 .9 6 33. 44 5 .9 2 50 1 3 .8 5 3 3 .4 8 5 .7 8 75 1 1 .5 2 3 3 .4 5 4 .6 0 100 10. 42 3 3 .6 0 4 .0 0 125 1 0 .2 5 3 3 .7 7 3 .1 6 150 9 .6 7 3 3 .9 5 2 .6 7 200 9 .0 7 3 3 .1 4 1 .9 4 250 8 .7 8 3 4 .2 5 1 .3 7 300 8 .2 9 3 4 .3 0 0 .9 5 400 7 .2 9 3 4 .3 3 0 .5 7 500 6 .5 4 3 4 .3 3 0 .3 7 X X II. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a fro m CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 4 - 1 4 - 6 2 ; 1800 h r s ; 32° 30* N, 118° 1 1 . 5 ' W; s o u n d i n g , 900 fm; C r u i s e 6 2 0 3 - 4 . D e p th i n T S °2 M e te r s °C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 3 .6 4 3 3 .4 8 5 .8 9 10 1 3 .5 9 3 3 .4 8 5 .9 1 20 1 3 .1 9 3 3 .4 8 5 .8 0 30 1 3 .1 5 3 3 .4 8 5 .7 5 50 1 2 .7 7 3 3 .4 9 5 .5 0 75 1 1 .4 0 3 3 .5 7 4 .3 0 100 10 .2 8 3 3 .6 5 3 .4 6 125 9 .6 0 3 3 .8 4 2 .8 0 150 9 .1 8 3 3 .9 6 2 .3 8 200 8 .6 4 3 4 .1 1 1 .7 4 250 8 .0 8 3 4 .1 7 1 .3 8 300 7 .6 4 3 4 .2 2 0 .9 5 400 6 .7 2 3 4 .3 0 0 .4 6 500 6 .2 0 3 4 .3 3 0 .2 8 307 X X III. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a ta from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 7 - 1 5 - 6 2 ; 1003 h r s ; 32° 30' N, 118° 1 1 .5 ' W ; so u n d in g , 900 fm; C r u is e 6 2 0 7 -8 . D epth i n M e te rs T °C S 0 /0 0 o 2 m l/L 0 1 8 .5 8 33.69 5 .4 1 10 1 8 .4 4 33 .6 8 5 .4 2 20 1 7 .3 4 33 .6 4 5 .7 1 30 1 4 .2 8 33 .5 6 6 .3 9 50 1 2 .7 2 3 3 .5 8 5 .0 6 75 1 0 .9 9 33.70 4 .0 1 100 9 .7 7 33 .8 2 2 .9 0 125 9 .3 1 3 3 .8 8 2 .6 0 150 8 .9 0 34 .0 1 1 .9 4 200 8 .2 2 3 4 .0 7 1 .8 3 250 7 .4 4 3 4 .0 7 1 .7 5 300 6 .9 8 3 4 .1 2 1 .2 0 400 6 .6 8 3 4 .2 6 0 .5 1 500 6 .2 3 3 4 .3 3 0 .3 5 XXIV. I n t e r p o l a t e d d a t a from CalCOFI s t a t i o n 9 3 .4 0 ; 1 0 - 1 3 - 6 2 ; 2129 h r s ; 32° 30* N, 118< s o u n d i n g , 950 fm; C r u i s e 6 2 1 0 -1 1 . » 11.5* W; D epth i n T S 0 2 M e te rs *C 0 /0 0 m l/L 0 1 7 .1 0 3 3 .6 7 5 .5 4 10 1 6 .6 9 33 .6 6 5 .4 9 20 1 6 .0 5 33 .6 2 5 .4 9 30 1 5 .4 2 33 .5 9 5 .5 0 50 1 3 .1 0 33. 54 5 .1 1 75 1 1 .2 4 3 3 .5 3 4 .5 9 100 1 0 .5 1 3 3 .7 6 3 .1 8 125 9 .8 4 33. 89 2 .5 7 150 9 .8 2 3 4 .0 7 1 .8 2 200 9 .0 9 34 .1 9 1 .5 5 2 50 8 .6 7 3 4 .2 3 1 .0 6 300 8 .1 2 3 4 .2 4 1 .0 2 400 7 .3 2 3 4 .3 0 0 .5 1 500 6 .5 0 3 4 .3 3 0 .2 8 600 6 .0 0 3 4 .3 6 0 .2 2 Appendix 111 Temperature Profiles Drawn from CalCOFI data; station 90.37 (1-4), Santa Catalina Basin; station 93.40 (5-8), San Clemente Basin. 308 o c 1 00 - 2 0 0 - 300- 400- STA. 90.37 2-2-63 1 oC 3 10 19 309 20 29 100- 200- 300- 400- STA. 90.37 2 oc 9 10 19 20 29 100 200 300- 900- 100- 200- 300- 400- 900- STA. 90.37 10*1-03 3 4 I 310 20 Dm 100- 300- STA. 93.40 0 Dm 100- 300 400- 500- STA. 03.40 5 Dm 100 200- 300 400- Dm 200 300 400- 500- STA. 03.40 7-17-03 7 A ppendix IV. S t a t io n l i s t s and sam pling d ata fo r o p lo p h o r id and p a s ip h a e id shrim ps c o l l e c t e d in the Santa C a t a l in a , San N i c o l a s , San C lem en te, and V e le r o B a s in s . 311 IV .- 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sampling data fo r Pasiphaea emarqinata c o l l e c t e d i n w aters over the Santa C a ta lin a B asin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Hale Female Immature (m) T raw l Hour 7905 D 1 2 0 1100 0 .5 8118 D 0 1 0 900 0.25 8123 N 0 1 0 330 0 .5 9166 N 1 0 0 600 0 .5 9248 D 0 16 0 900 5 .3 10200 N 1 1 2 1000 1 .0 10202 D 0 1 0 1000 0 .3 3 10206 N 0 5 13 700 9 .0 10256 D 0 8 18 275 13.0 10265 N 0 3 0 875 1 .0 10373 D 3 2 1 1100 2.0 10472 N 9 17 56 150 82.0 10475 N 1 11 5 1100 4,25 10479 N 0 3 0 450 1 .5 10602 D 3 3 0 1000 1 .5 10696 N 1 1 4 950 1.5 10729 N 4 15 17 700 9 .0 11359 D 1 2 0 440 3 .5 11360 D 1 1 430 1 .0 11726 D 3 3 2 600 4.0 11730 N 0 1 0 390 0 .5 13631 D 1 0 0 700 0 .5 I V .- 2 . S ta t io n l i s t and sampling data fo r Pasiphaea emarginata c o l l e c t e d in w aters over the San N ic o la s B asin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth NO./ No. N ig ht Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 11956 N 2 1 0 500 1.5 11957 N 1 1 0 800 0.66 11958 D 4 9 0 640 4.3 11959 D 0 3 0 520 1.5 11964 N 0 2 0 375 1.0 12000 D 4 0 0 850 1.33 12005 N 1 2 0 500 1 .5 12007 D 4 3 0 1000 0.87 12727 D 0 1 0 1040 0.25 12729 N 0 1 0 430 0 .5 12731 N 0 2 0 1000 0 .5 13040 D 0 0 1 210 0 .5 13042 D 2 11 8 570 11.5 13044 N 1 4 0 450 2.5 IV .- 3 . S t a t io n l i s t and sampling data fo r P asiphaea emarqinata c o l l e c t e d in w aters over th e San Clemente B asin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H ale No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 10996 N 0 0 2 500 1.0 11104 D 0 1 0 450 0 .5 11500 N 0 1 0 540 0 .5 11582 N 1 0 0 700 0 .5 11880 N 0 1 0 500 0 .5 11882 D 1 0 0 810 0 .3 3 11884 N 1 1 0 950 0 .5 11885 N 1 3 0 800 1 .0 11910 D 0 1 0 1050 0 .2 5 12338 D 0 0 1 540 0.5 13279 D 0 0 1 580 0 .5 IV .- 4 . S t a t io n l i s t and sampling data for P asiphaea c h a c e i c o l l e c t e d in w aters over th e Santa C a ta lin a B asin. S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) T raw l Hour 8118 D 0 33 0 927 9859 N 0 2 0 729 9870 N 0 2 0 938 9871 N 0 44 0 521 9873 D 0 2 69 625 35.5 10200 N 4 11 9 1000 3.5 10201 D 0 2 12 350 7.0 10202 D 2 2 3 1000 1 .7 5 10205 D 0 0 1 400 0 .5 10206 N 3 13 6 700 6 .0 10256 D 4 0 2 275 3.0 10265 N 7 5 5 875 5.66 10373 D 3 3 8 1100 4.66 10374 N 9 18 4 250 31.0 10472 N 1 2 1 150 4.0 10474 N 3 3 3 90 9 .0 10475 N 1 2 0 1100 0 .7 5 10476 D 0 1 5 800 2.0 10477 D 4 10 254 450 134.0 10478 D 9 13 14 300 16.0 10479 N 2 3 26 450 15.5 10602 D 4 6 0 1000 2.5 10696 N 2 1 6 950 2.25 11347 D 3 4 0 330 3.5 11352 N 2 1 0 60 3.0 Appendix IV -4. Continued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t H ale Female Immature (m) Traw l Hour 11353 N 0 2 0 60 2.0 11355 N 0 1 1 60 2.0 11358 D 3 2 31 375 18.0 11359 D 48 95 0 440 6 6 .5 11360 D 17 57 7 430 40.5 11361 N 1 0 0 50 0 .5 11363 N 4 2 4 75 10.0 11364 N 2 2 2 70 6 .0 11365 N 5 6 3 70 14.0 11366 N 3 3 0 70 6 .0 11367 N 1 0 0 70 1.0 11369 D 21 36 5 425 31.0 11726 D 3 4 2 600 4 .5 11727 D 2 2 0 340 2.0 11730 N 0 3 0 390 1.5 13631 D 2 0 0 700 1.5 IV .- 5 . S t a tio n l i s t and sam pling data fo r Pasiphaea c h a c ei c o l l e c t e d in w aters over th e San N ic o la s B asin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth NO./ No. N ig h t H ale Female Immature (m) Traw l Hour 11955 N 10 10 3 250 11.5 11956 N 1 8 2 500 5 .5 11958 D 1 3 0 640 1.3 3 11959 D 20 24 0 520 22.0 11964 N 4 9 8 375 1 1 .5 11965 N 2 1 0 1125 0.75 11997 N 3 6 0 200 9 .0 11998 N 7 21 0 300 14.0 11999 D 7 16 7 600 15.0 12000 D 0 2 0 850 0.66 12003 N 2 2 0 275 2.0 12006 N 5 0 0 850 1.66 12007 D 4 3 0 1250 1 .7 5 12725 N 0 1 0 1030 0 .2 5 12726 N 6 1 0 1350 1 .7 5 12727 D 1 0 0 1040 0.25 12729 N 1 1 0 480 1.0 12730 N 1 2 0 150 1.5 12731 N 0 1 0 1000 0 .2 5 13042 D 1 3 0 570 2 .0 13043 N 11 48 7 450 33.0 13044 N 2 3 0 450 2 .5 13045 N 2 2 0 1020 1.0 XV.- 6 . S t a tio n l i s t and sam pling data fo r Pasiphaea c h a c e i c o l l e c t e d in w aters over th e San Clemente B asin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample_______ Depth N o ./ No- N ig h t Male reIM le Iramature <»> T raw l Hour 10996 D 10 14 27 500 25.5 10999 N 10 3 7 1080 5 .0 11097 N 8 7 35 320 25.0 11101 N 5 5 6 1100 4.0 11102 D 1 4 2 700 3.5 11103 D 0 0 20 325 5 .0 11104 D 12 23 20 450 27.5 11105 N 1 3 6 820 5 .0 11495 N 2 2 1 1040 1.25 11498 D 5 5 5 820 5 .0 11499 N 2 4 3 320 4.5 11500 N 3 2 0 540 2.5 11503 D 7 2 0 1000 2.25 11508 D 5 4 0 1040 3.0 11509 D 11 11 2 500 12.0 11535 N 4 9 11 280 12.0 11538 N 5 4 3 1000 3.0 11539 D 4 19 5 850 9 .3 11582 N 2 4 0 700 3.0 11583 N 10 19 1 280 1 5 .0 11584 N 0 1 0 150 2 .0 11586 D 7 23 0 560 15.0 11587 D 1 0 0 250 0 .5 11590 N 2 3 2 1090 1 .7 5 11591 D 7 2 0 980 2 .2 5 Appendix IV .- 6 . Continued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth NO./ No. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 11692 N 2 6 0 590 4 .0 11695 N 1 1 0 710 0.66 11696 D 1 0 0 270 1 .0 11697 D 7 4 0 1010 2.75 11698 N 8 18 0 290 26.0 11699 N 1 0 0 170 2.0 11702 D 1 13 0 730 4.66 11703 D 18 38 0 600 28.0 11879 N 16 18 0 190 34.0 11880 N 0 6 0 500 3.0 11881 D 3 12 0 300 7 .5 11882 D 1 11 0 810 4.0 11885 N 0 4 0 800 1.0 11886 D 13 20 2 530 17.5 11905 N 1 1 0 475 1.0 11906 N 3 3 0 230 6 .0 11907 N 1 0 0 300 0 .5 11910 D 8 0 0 1050 2 .0 11911 D 4 4 0 750 2.66 12334 N 1 9 0 150 5 .0 12335 N 0 1 0 600 0 .5 3 12336 N 1 2 0 550 1.0 12337 D 2 3 0 1220 1 .2 5 12338 D 6 22 0 540 14.0 12339 N 3 8 0 280 5 .5 12340 N 2 3 0 940 1 .2 5 Appendix IV .- 6 . Continued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H ale No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Traw l Hour 12341 D 1 6 0 630 2 .3 12344 N 0 1 0 940 0 .3 12345 N 0 3 0 620 1.0 12346 D 1 6 0 500 2 .3 12349 D 3 1 0 950 1 .0 12351 N 6 12 0 270 9 .0 12389 N 4 5 0 1020 2.25 12390 N 4 5 0 835 3.0 12391 D 1 2 0 790 1 .0 12392 D 5 6 0 800 5 .5 12393 N 0 1 0 750 0 .3 3 12522 N 1 1 0 800 0.66 12523 N 0 1 0 1110 0.25 12524 D 4 6 0 260 5 .0 12525 D 1 0 0 700 0 .5 12526 D 7 3 0 1040 2 .5 12533 N 1 1 0 1070 0 .5 12786 D 1 0 0 1150 0 .3 3 12787 N 1 0 0 200 0 .3 3 12788 N 0 2 0 520 0 .7 12789 D 2 2 1 1050 1 .2 5 12790 D 0 1 0 1250 0 .2 5 12791 N 6 1 0 1050 2 ,3 3 12842 N 6 1 0 1000 1.75 12843 D 0 4 0 680 2 .0 12846 D 7 15 0 500 11.0 320 Appendix IV. - 6 . Continued S t a t i o n NO. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 12847 N 0 1 0 500 0 .5 12848 N 2 2 0 1030 1.0 12962 N 1 0 0 850 0.3 3 13276 D 1 3 0 730 2.0 13277 N 1 0 0 700 0 .5 13278 N 4 0 0 1000 1 .0 IV ,- 7 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam pling data fo r Pasiphaea c h a c ei c o l l e c t e d in w aters over the V elero B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth NO./ No. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 11617 0 10 7 0 1000 4.25 11618 N 0 2 0 710 1.0 11619 N 5 8 1 250 7 .0 11622 D 1 1 0 1110 0 .5 11624 N 25 39 4 450 34.0 11627 N 14 39 2 300 27 .5 11628 N 5 3 1 1000 2 .2 5 11888 N 2 1 0 500 1 .5 11889 N 2 0 0 625 0,66 12117 N 2 1 0 300 1 .5 12118 N 0 3 0 800 1 .0 12121 D 0 4 0 840 1 .3 3 12698 N 1 1 0 1090 0 .5 12701 D 1 0 0 1250 0.2 5 12702 N 5 1 0 1080 1.5 12703 N 1 1 0 410 1.0 13299 N 1 1 0 500 1 .0 13300 N 1 3 0 1200 1 .0 13301 D 3 1 0 1200 1 .0 13302 D 0 6 0 800 3 .0 322 I V .- 8 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P a sip h a ea p a c i f i c a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e Santa C a ta lin a B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sample Depth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 9873 D 2 625 1 .0 11359 D 1 440 0 .5 11360 D 5 430 2.5 11730 N 1 390 0 .5 323 I V .- 9 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r P a sip h a ea p a c i f i c a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n NO. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 11104 D 0 1 0 450 0.5 11495 N 0 1 0 1040 0 .2 5 11881 D 0 2 0 300 1 .0 12337 D 0 1 0 1220 0 .2 5 I V .- 1 0 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P a sip h a ea p a c i f i c a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S ta tio n Day- No. in Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ight H ale Female Immature (m ) Trawl Hour 13043 N 0 1 0 450 0 .5 I V .- 1 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P a sip h a ea c o r t e z ia n a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H ale No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) NO./ Trawl Hour 8118 D 1 0 1 927 0.33 9056 D 0 1 0 1100 0.25 10696 N 0 3 1 950 1.0 11359 D 0 3 0 440 1.5 11369 D 2 2 1 425 2 .5 I V .- 1 2 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r P a sip h a ea c o r t e z ia n a c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s over th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 8878 N 0 1 0 1000 0 .2 5 8880 D 1 1 0 1090 0 .5 11965 N 0 2 0 1125 0 .5 12000 D 0 1 0 850 0.3 3 12007 D 0 1 0 1250 0.25 12725 N 0 1 0 1030 0.25 12728 D 0 2 0 620 1 .0 12729 N 0 1 0 480 0 .5 13045 N 0 2 0 1020 0 .5 XV.-1 3 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam pling d a ta i n w a te r s o v e r th e San Clem ente f o r P a s ip h a e a B a sin . c o r t e z i a n a c o l l e c t e d S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 10999 N 0 0 1 1080 0.25 12345 N 0 1 0 620 0.33 12346 D 0 2 0 500 0 .7 328 I V .- 1 4 . S t a t io n l i s t and sa m p lin g d a ta f o r P arap asip h ae s u l c a t i fro n s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e S an ta C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female I r m a tu re Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 8020 D 0 0 2 900 0.66 8112 D 0 0 1 750 0 .5 8118 D 0 0 1 927 0.3 3 8120 D 0 4 0 945 1.33 8122 N 0 0 1 945 0 .3 3 8238 D 0 0 2 975 0.66 8295 D 1 1 0 954 0.66 8430 D 0 0 4 800 1 .3 3 8889 N 0 0 4 2.0 8933 D 1 0 1 1090 0 .5 10200 N 0 1 0 1000 0.25 10202 D 0 0 1 1000 0.25 10206 D 0 0 1 700 0 .5 10265 N 0 1 0 875 0 .3 3 10373 D 0 0 1 1100 0.33 10389 N 0 0 4 800 1.33 10475 N 0 2 2 1100 1.0 10476 D 0 0 2 800 0.66 10602 D 0 2 2 1000 1 .0 10696 N 0 1 1 950 0.5 13631 D 0 0 4 700 2.0 I V .- 1 5 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sa m p lin g d a ta f o r P a ra p a sip h a e s u l c a t i f r o n s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e San N ic o la s B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H ale No. i n Sample Fem ale Immature Depth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 8878 N 0 3 3 1098 1.5 8880 D 1 1 2 1090 1.0 9661 D 0 2 0 1042 0 .5 11958 D 0 0 2 640 0.66 11965 N 1 0 0 1125 0.25 12000 D 0 2 0 850 0.66 12006 N 0 2 0 850 0.66 12007 D 1 0 0 1250 0.25 12726 N 0 3 0 1350 0 .7 5 12728 D 0 0 2 1040 0 .5 12729 N 0 1 0 480 0 .5 12731 N 0 2 0 1000 0 .5 13042 D 0 0 2 570 1 .0 13045 N 0 2 0 1020 0 .5 330 IV .- 1 6 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam pling d ata fo r P a ra p a sip h a e s u l c a t i f r o n s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- Wo. i n Sample_______ Depth N o ./ 1,0 • N ig h t Male Female Im mature (m) T raw l Hour 10996 D 0 0 2 500 1.0 10999 N 1 0 1 1080 0 .5 11102 D 0 1 1 700 1 .0 11104 D 0 0 1 450 0 .5 11105 N 0 0 2 820 1.0 11495 N 0 3 0 1040 0 .7 5 11498 D 0 2 0 820 0.66 11500 N 0 2 0 540 1.0 11503 D 0 0 1 1000 0 .2 5 11507 N 1 0 1 1200 0 .5 11508 D 2 2 - 1040 1 .3 11509 D 0 4 1 500 2 .5 11538 N 1 1 0 1000 0 .5 11590 N 0 0 1 1090 0 .2 5 11591 D 1 0 0 980 0.25 11702 D 0 0 2 730 0 .6 6 11882 D 0 0 1 810 0.33 11884 N 2 1 1 950 1.0 11885 N 2 3 0 800 1.25 11911 D 0 3 0 750 1.0 12336 N 0 0 1 550 0 .3 3 12337 D 0 1 0 1220 0 .2 5 12338 D 0 1 1 540 1 .0 12341 D 0 0 2 630 0.66 12345 N 0 0 1 620 0 .3 Appendix IV .- 1 6 . C ontinued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H ale No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 12346 D 0 0 1 500 0 .3 12349 D 1 4 0 950 1.25 12389 N 2 3 0 1020 1.25 12390 N 0 1 0 835 0 .3 3 12391 D 0 2 0 790 0 .6 6 12394 N 2 0 0 1050 0 .5 12522 N 1 0 0 800 0 .3 3 12523 N 0 1 0 1110 0 .2 5 12526 D 0 3 0 1040 0 .7 5 12532 N 0 0 1 780 0 .3 3 12787 N 0 3 0 800 1.0 12788 N 0 1 0 520 0 .3 3 12789 D 0 2 1 1050 0 .7 5 12790 D 1 0 0 1250 0.25 12791 N 1 1 0 1050 0.66 12842 N 1 0 0 1000 0 .2 5 12843 D 0 3 1 680 2.0 12847 N 0 1 1 500 1 .0 13276 D 0 1 2 730 1 .5 13277 N 0 1 3 700 2.0 13278 N 0 1 1 1000 0 .5 332 I V .- 1 7 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P a rap asip h ae s u l c a t i f r o n s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 11617 D 1 0 1 1000 0 .5 11618 N 0 4 0 710 2.0 11622 D 1 3 0 1110 1 .0 11628 N 1 0 0 1000 0 .2 5 11889 N 0 0 3 625 1.0 12121 D 0 1 0 840 0 .3 3 12122 N 1 2 1 1330 1 .0 12699 D 0 3 2 680 2 .5 12700 D 0 0 2 650 1.0 12701 D 1 0 0 1250 0.25 12702 N 1 0 0 1080 0.25 12703 N 0 0 1 410 0 .5 13299 N 0 1 0 500 0 .5 13300 N 0 1 0 1200 0 .2 5 13301 D 0 2 0 1200 0 .5 I V .- 1 8 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P arap asip h a e c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) T raw l Hour 8430 D 0 0 1 800 0.33 10373 D 0 0 1 1100 0 .3 3 XV.- 1 9 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P a rap asip h a e c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n S t a t i o n Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 8880 D 0 0 1 1090 0.25 XV.- 2 0 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r P arap asip h ae c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s over th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample F em ale Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 11591 D 0 2 0 980 0 .5 12337 D 2 0 1 1220 0.75 12786 D 0 1 0 1150 0 .2 5 12790 D 0 0 1 1250 0 .2 5 12791 N 0 1 0 1050 0.25 13278 N 0 1 0 1000 0.25 336 I V .- 2 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r P arap asip h ae c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ig ht Male Female Immature (m) Traw l Hour 12122 N 0 0 2 1330 0 .5 13300 N 0 1 2 1200 0.75 337 I V .- 2 2 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r Hymenodora f r o n t a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e S an ta C a t a lin a B a s in . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample D epth N o ./ No. N ig h t M ature Im m ature (m) T raw l Hour 7905 D 624 468 1100 273.0 8018 D 34 52 900 27.66 8020 D 43 22 900 2 2 .33 8022 N 43 60 927 34.33 8029 N 1 0 640 0 .5 8111 D 0 3 750 1 .5 8112 D 8 10 750 9.0 8115 N 7 2 750 4 .5 8118 D 195 242 927 11 2.33 8120 D 276 301 945 1 8 2 .3 8122 K 200 448 945 14 9.33 8238 D 241 1031 975 424.0 8242 D 33 6 860 19 .5 8295 D 115 404 954 173.0 8430 D 136 106 800 80.66 8509 D 20 2 600 11 .0 8510 D 151 33 559 61 .3 3 8697 D 268 604 1000 290.33 8700 D 86 96 850 6 0 .66 8710 N 36 11 550 2 3 .5 8714 D 9 2 1000 3.66 8715 D 149 114 990 131.5 8882 D 0 5 900 2 .5 8889 N 1 0 780 0 .5 8933 D 243 154 1090 89 .2 5 338 A ppendix I V .- 2 2 . C on tin ued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t M ature Immature (m) T raw l Hour 8959 0 507 529 1000 259.0 8962 D 120 106 450 113.0 8964 N 544 347 1122 220.25 9056 D 179 357 1100 13 4.0 9057 D 0 8 521 4 .0 9060 D 2 0 685 0.66 9166 N 4 0 600 2 .0 9243 N 2 0 870 1.0 9245 D 63 23 1000 21 .5 9248 0 65 23 900 2 9 .3 3 9596 N 0 2 521 1 .0 9602 D 0 1 521 0 .5 9604 D 217 147 1042 91 .0 9607 N 7 0 781 1.75 9852 D 15 6 834 10 .5 9857 N 68 83 729 5 0 .3 3 9859 N 74 58 729 44 .0 9860 N 65 88 832 51 .0 10200 N 424 348 1000 193.0 10201 D 0 2 350 0 .5 10202 D 692 386 1000 269.5 10206 D 20 0 700 10 .0 10256 D 6 0 275 3 .0 10265 N 1400 568 875 6 5 6.0 10373 D 848 592 1100 4 8 0.0 10374 N 0 13 250 1 3 .0 339 Appendix I V .- 2 2 . C on tin ued S t a t i o n NO. Day- N ig h t NO. M ature i n Sample Immature Depth <m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 10377 N 1136 960 1100 524.0 10378 N 0 9 450 4 .5 10389 N 72 6 800 26.0 10476 D 54 7 800 20.33 10602 D 44 10 1000 1 3 .5 10695 N 1184 0 950 296.0 10729 N 33 0 700 8.25 11359 D 5 2 440 3.5 11360 D 11 0 430 5 .5 11369 D 18 6 425 1 2 .0 11726 D 36 2 600 19.0 13631 D 24 10 700 17.0 340 I V .- 2 3 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora f r o n t a l i s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ig h t H ale Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 8878 N 213 0 200 1000 103.25 8880 D 251 0 178 1090 107.25 9661 D 86 74 86 1000 61.5 9666 N 7 17 15 830 13.0 11956 N 14 32 0 500 23.0 11957 N 152 232 112 800 198.66 11958 D 10 23 17 640 16.66 11959 D 1 6 0 520 3.5 11964 N 2 2 0 375 2 .0 11965 N 136 192 216 1125 136.66 12000 D 60 76 32 850 5 6 .0 12005 N 1 5 4 600 5 .0 12006 N 160 216 168 850 181.33 12007 D 92 152 104 1250 87.0 12725 N 40 96 72 1030 52.0 12726 N 42 210 54 1350 77.0 12727 D 36 24 0 1040 15.0 12728 D 12 30 12 620 13.66 12729 N 4 11 3 480 9 .0 12731 N 104 200 56 1000 9 0 .0 13040 D 2 5 35 210 21.0 13041 D 0 1 1 300 0 .5 13042 D 56 96 48 570 66.6 13043 N 0 2 0 450 1 .0 Appendix I V .- 2 3 . C ontinued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Fem ale Immature (m) Traw l Hour 13044 N 2 3 0 450 2.5 13045 N 96 128 288 1020 128.0 342 I V .- 2 4 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d ata fo r Hymenodora f r o n t a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Qepth No. 7 NO. N ig h t Male F e M l e Ilnnlature (m) Trawl Hour 10999 N 27 31 40 1080 24.5 11101 N 31 22 72 1100 31.25 11102 D 0 0 7 700 7 .0 11105 N 8 4 27 820 19.5 11495 N 36 40 12 1040 22.0 11498 D 2 7 16 820 8.33 11502 N 8 12 18 720 12.66 11503 0 8 44 0 1000 13.0 11507 N 6 8 0 1200 3.5 11508 D 4 7 5 1040 5 .3 3 11538 N 34 48 10 1000 23.0 11539 D 1 4 20 850 8 .3 3 11590 N 5 7 1 1090 3.25 11591 D 6 15 4 980 7 .0 11692 N 1 0 0 590 0 .5 11695 N 7 20 3 710 10.0 11696 D 2 4 3 270 9 .0 11697 D 36 88 32 1010 39.0 11702 D 18 40 12 730 23.33 11703 D 1 3 0 600 2 .0 11852 D 6 7 18 810 10 .3 3 11884 N 48 36 36 950 30.0 11885 N 48 76 12 800 34.0 11910 D 26 42 4 1050 18.0 12335 N 0 13 1 600 4.66 343 Appendix IV .- 2 4 . C ontinued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ NO. N ig h t H ale Female Immature (m) Trawl Hour 12336 N 3 6 1 550 3.33 12337 D 48 84 44 1220 49.0 12338 D 4 7 2 540 6 .5 12340 N 60 112 24 940 49.0 12341 D 4 9 0 630 4 .3 3 12344 N 0 1 0 390 0 .5 12345 N 9 18 2 620 9.66 12346 D 1 7 2 500 3.33 12349 D 40 140 40 950 55.0 12389 N 48 92 36 1020 44.0 12390 N 20 52 4 835 25.33 12391 D 28 36 12 790 25.33 12392 D 24 32 4 800 30.0 12393 N 7 9 9 750 8.33 12522 N 24 28 28 800 26.66 12523 N 28 76 16 1110 30.0 12525 D 2 2 0 700 2.0 12526 D 96 96 24 1040 54.0 12532 N 20 24 28 780 24.0 12533 N 24 68 16 1070 27.0 12786 D 14 18 1 1150 8.25 12788 N 2 2 2 520 2.0 12789 D 16 40 4 1250 1 5 .0 12790 D 14 18 0 1250 8 .0 12791 N 20 40 9 1050 23.0 12842 N 56 64 48 1000 42.0 344 Appendix IV .- 2 4 . C ontinued S t a t i o n NO. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (in) N o ./ Trawl Hour 12843 D 3 16 9 680 14.0 12848 N 64 92 56 1030 53.0 12962 N 11 17 17 850 15.0 13276 D 2 5 7 730 7 .0 13277 N 10 11 27 700 24.0 13278 N 52 96 68 1000 54.0 13279 D 1 2 1 580 2 .0 345 IV .- 2 5 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r Hymenodora f r o n t a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n NO. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sample Male Female Immature Depth (m) NO./ Trawl Hour 11617 D 17 12 16 1000 11.25 11618 N 5 2 7 710 7.0 11622 D 11 8 5 1110 6.0 11628 N 18 20 8 1000 11.5 11889 N 3 3 7 625 4.33 11895 D 2 1 1 700 1.33 12118 N 6 7 17 800 10.0 12120 D 5 8 15 530 14.0 12121 N 5 9 15 840 9.66 12122 N 9 10 1 1330 5.0 12698 N 6 11 0 1090 4.25 12699 D 5 3 3 680 5.5 12700 D 1 1 4 650 3.0 12701 D 6 5 0 1250 5.5 12702 N 4 10 1 1080 3.75 12703 N 0 3 0 410 1.5 13299 N 5 16 22 500 21.5 13300 N 8 12 1 1200 5.2 5 13301 D 8 8 0 1200 4.0 13302 D 6 5 6 800 8.5 346 I V .- 2 6 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sa m p lin g d a ta f o r Glyphus s p . a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o f f S ou th ern C a l i f o r n i a . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Fem ale Im mature Depth <m > N o ./ T raw l Hour 9665 N 0 0 1 520 0 .5 9870 N 0 0 1 938 0 .3 3 11965 N 0 0 1 1125 0 .2 5 12392 D 0 1 0 800 0 .5 12393 N 0 1 0 750 0 .5 12701 D 1 0 0 1250 0 .2 5 12846 D 0 1 0 580 0 .5 13279 D 0 1 0 580 0 .5 347 I V .- 2 7 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora g r a c i l i s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n Mo. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sample Depth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 10373 D 1 1100 0.33 10374 N 10 250 10.0 10378 N 1 450 0.5 10696 N 16 950 4.0 I V .- 2 8 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora g r a c i l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sample Depth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Fem ale Im n atu re (m) T raw l Hour 12725 N 0 2 9 1030 2.25 12726 N 1 1 2 1350 1.0 349 I V .- 2 9 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora g r a c i l i s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o ./ Trawl Hour 10999 N 8 15 37 1080 15.0 11101 N 9 16 39 1100 1 8 .0 11495 N 4 6 38 1040 12.0 11498 D 2 2 12 820 5.3 3 11503 D 14 16 2 1000 8 .0 11507 N 10 16 14 1200 10.0 11508 D 0 1 6 1040 2.33 11538 N 1 2 40 1000 10.75 11590 N 0 1 9 1090 2 .5 11591 D 1 8 9 980 4.5 11697 D 7 6 9 1010 5 .5 11910 D 0 2 1 1050 0.75 12335 N 0 1 0 600 0.33 12337 D 0 2 1 1220 0.75 12340 N 0 1 0 940 0.25 12349 D 0 12 0 950 3.0 12389 N 4 13 0 1020 4.25 12390 N 0 4 2 835 2.0 12523 N 4 6 4 1110 3.5 12526 D 0 3 0 1040 0.7 5 12533 N 4 9 5 1070 4.5 12786 D 11 10 6 1150 6 .7 5 12787 N 1 3 8 800 4.0 12789 D 6 5 8 1050 4.7 5 12790 D 6 11 6 1250 5.75 350 Appendix I V .- 2 9 . C ontinued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 12791 N 4 13 4 1050 7 .0 12842 N 12 8 8 1000 7 .0 12843 D 2 2 2 680 3 .0 12848 N 9 12 15 1030 9 .0 13278 N 6 6 16 1000 7 .0 I V .- 3 0 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r Hymenodora g r a c i l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e V e le r o B a s in . S ta tio n No. Day- N ight Male No. in Sample Female Immature Depth (m ) N o ./ Trawl Hour 11617 D 3 3 20 1000 6 .5 11622 D 11 15 36 1110 1 5 .5 11628 N 4 8 8 1000 5 .0 12122 N 22 42 5 1330 1 7 .2 5 12698 N 10 8 9 1090 6 .7 5 12699 D 1 1 1 680 1 .5 12701 D 6 7 1 1250 3 .5 12702 N 8 7 1 1080 3 .7 5 12703 N 2 1 3 410 3 .0 13300 N 8 11 7 1200 6 .5 13301 D 4 9 4 1200 4 .2 5 352 IV .- 3 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora g l a c i a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple D epth N O ./ NO. N ig h t H a le Fem ale Im m ature (m) T raw l Hour 12701 D 1 2 0 1250 0 .7 5 13301 D 3 10 0 1200 3 .2 5 353 IV .- 3 2 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r Hymenodora g l a c i a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s over th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 10999 N 0 0 1 1080 0 .2 5 11101 N 0 7 1 1100 2 .0 11102 D 0 0 1 700 1 .0 11105 N 0 0 1 820 0 .5 11507 N 1 1 0 1200 0 .5 354 I V .- 3 3 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r A canthephyra c u r t i r o s t r i s W -M c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e S a n ta C a ta lin a B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 9870 N 1 0 0 938 0 .3 3 9872 D 1 1 0 938 0 .6 6 10200 N 1 2 0 1000 0 .7 5 10202 D 1 0 1 1000 0 .5 10265 N 0 1 0 875 0 .3 3 10377 N 0 0 2 1100 0 .5 10389 N 0 1 6 800 2 .3 3 10476 D 0 0 1 800 0 .3 3 10602 D 0 3 5 1000 2 .0 10696 N 1 1 0 950 0 .5 11360 D 0 1 0 430 0 .5 11369 D 1 1 0 425 1 .0 13631 D 1 2 2 700 2 .5 355 IV .- 3 4 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r A canthephyra c u r t i r o s t r i s W-M c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t Male No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 9661 D 2 0 0 1000 0 .5 11956 N 2 5 0 500 3 .5 11957 N 1 0 0 800 0 .3 3 11958 D 7 8 4 640 6 .3 3 11964 N 0 1 0 375 0 .5 12000 D 0 1 0 850 0 .3 3 12007 D 1 0 0 1000 0 .2 5 12726 N 1 0 0 1350 0 .2 5 12728 D 3 9 5 620 8 .5 12729 N 0 1 2 480 1 .5 12731 N 1 0 0 1000 0 .2 5 13042 D 1 2 2 570 2 .5 13044 N 0 1 0 520 0 .2 5 356 IV .- 3 5 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r A canthephyra c u r t i r o s t r i s W -M c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San Clem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple D epth N o ./ No. N ig h t ^ l e Fem ale Im m ature <m > T ra w l B oar 10996 D 0 0 2 500 1 .0 10999 N 2 2 4 1080 2 .0 11101 N 1 3 2 1100 1 .5 11102 D 3 4 2 700 9 .0 11104 D 0 0 7 450 3 .5 11105 N 3 2 7 820 6 .0 11495 N 5 4 0 1040 2 .2 5 11498 D 3 5 3 820 3.66 11500 N 0 3 1 540 2 .0 11502 N 5 3 1 720 3 .0 11503 D 4 9 3 1000 4 .0 11508 D 1 8 4 1040 4 .3 3 11509 D 0 3 0 500 1 .5 11538 N 1 0 1 1000 0 .5 11539 D 2 3 3 850 2 .6 6 11591 D 1 2 0 590 0 .7 5 11692 N 0 1 0 590 0 .5 11695 N 2 1 0 710 1 .0 11697 D 1 3 0 1010 1 .0 11702 D 6 9 0 730 5 .0 11885 N 0 1 0 800 0 .3 3 11905 N 1 0 0 475 0 .5 11911 D 4 5 0 750 3 .0 12335 N 0 0 3 600 1 .0 12338 D 0 0 1 540 0 .5 357 Appendix I V .- 3 5 . C on tin ued S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple_______ D epth N o ./ N o- N i* h t M ale F em ale Im m atu re (n) T ra w l Hour 12340 N 0 0 1 940 0 .3 3 12341 D 1 1 0 630 0 .6 6 12345 N 1 2 1 620 1 .3 3 12346 D 1 2 0 500 1 .0 12349 D 2 0 0 950 0 .5 12389 N 0 2 0 1020 0 .5 12390 N 1 1 0 835 0 .6 6 12391 D 6 8 1 790 5 .0 12392 D 1 1 0 800 1 .0 12393 N 8 14 0 750 7 .3 3 12522 N 1 1 0 800 0 .6 6 12523 N 0 1 0 1110 0 .2 5 12525 D 2 3 0 700 2 .5 12526 D 2 0 0 1040 1 .0 12532 N 1 0 0 780 0 .3 3 12786 D 1 3 1 1150 1 .2 5 12787 N 2 10 0 800 4 .0 12788 N 4 6 3 520 4 .3 3 12789 D 8 9 4 1050 5 .2 5 12790 D 0 1 2 1250 0 .7 5 12791 N 7 4 0 1000 3 .6 6 12842 N 0 2 0 1000 0 .5 12843 D 1 10 2 680 6 .5 12846 D 2 2 0 500 2 .0 12847 N 5 8 7 500 1 0 .0 12962 N 2 2 0 850 1 .3 3 358 Appendix I V .- 3 5 . C on tin ued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T ra w l Hour 13276 D 3 17 1 730 1 0 .5 13277 N 9 9 2 700 1 0 .0 13278 N 2 3 3 1000 2 .0 13279 D 2 2 2 580 3 .0 359 I V .- 3 6 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam pling d a ta fo r A canthephyra c u r t i r o s t r i s W -M c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple H ale Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N O ./ T raw l Hour 11617 D 3 4 0 1000 1 .7 5 11622 D 1 4 0 1100 1 .2 5 11628 N 1 2 0 1000 0 .7 5 11888 N 1 0 0 500 0 .5 11889 N 0 0 5 625 1 .6 6 11895 D 0 1 0 700 0 .3 3 12118 N 2 1 0 800 1 .0 12121 D 5 4 0 840 3 .0 12122 N 0 1 1330 0 .2 5 12698 N 2 1 0 1090 0 .7 5 12700 D 1 1 0 650 0 .5 12701 D 1 1 1250 1 .0 12702 N 2 3 0 1080 1 .2 5 12703 N 2 1 0 410 1 .5 13299 N 4 3 2 500 4 .5 13300 N 0 1 0 1200 0 .2 5 13301 D 0 1 0 1200 0 .2 5 13302 D 0 1 0 800 0 .5 360 IV .- 3 7 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam pling d a ta fo r A canthephyra c u r t i r o s t r i s v a r . y Faxon c o l l e c t e d i n w a ters o v e r th e V e le r o B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 11618 N 3 3 1 710 1 .7 5 11628 N 0 0 1 1000 0 .2 5 11895 N 8 6 0 1000 3 .5 12699 D 0 8 2 680 5 .0 12700 D 3 7 13 650 1 1 .5 13302 D 3 6 3 800 6 .0 IV .-3 8 . S ta tio n lis t and sam pling d a ta for A canthephvra prionota c o lle c te d in w aters a v er the S an C lem ente B asin . Station D ay- No. in sam ple Depth N o . / No. Night M ale Female Immature (m) Trawl hour 11101 N 0 0 1 1100 0.25 11503 D 0 0 1 1000 0.25 IV .-3 9 . Station lis t and sam olina data for Acanthephvra prionota collected in w aters over the Velero Basin. Station No. D ay- Night M ale No. in sample Female Immature Depth (m) N o . / Trawl hour 11622 D 1 1 1 1100 0.75 12122 N 1 2 1 1330 1.0 13301 D 0 1 0 1200 0.25 362 I V .- 4 0 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r S y s t e l l a s p i s b r a u e r i c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e S an ta C a ta lin a B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 7905 D 0 1 0 1100 0 .2 5 10200 N 0 0 10 1000 2 .5 10202 D 0 0 4 1000 1 .0 10206 D 0 0 2 700 1 .0 10265 N 0 2 7 875 3 .0 10373 D 0 0 8 1100 2 .6 6 10377 N 0 2 6 1100 2 .0 10389 N 0 0 4 800 1 .3 3 10602 D 0 0 1 1000 0 .2 5 10696 N 0 3 9 950 3 .0 11369 D 0 0 1 425 0 .5 I V .- 4 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r S y s t e l l a s p i s b r a u e r i c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 11965 N 0 4 2 1125 1 .5 12007 D 1 0 0 1000 0 .2 5 12725 N 1 1 0 1030 0 .5 12726 N 1 8 2 1350 2 .7 5 12727 D 2 3 0 1040 1 .2 5 12731 N 0 1 1 1000 0 .5 13045 N 0 2 1 1020 0 .7 5 IV .- 4 2 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r S y s t e l l a s p i s b r a u e r i c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple___________ D epth N o ./ N °. N ig h t M ale Fem ale Ira n a tu re <"> T raw l Hour 10999 N 1 3 0 1000 1 .0 11101 N 0 7 7 1100 3 .5 11495 N 0 3 0 1040 0 .7 5 11498 D 0 1 0 820 0 .3 3 11500 N 0 0 1 540 0 .5 11503 D 0 2 0 1000 0 .5 11508 D 1 0 0 1000 0 .3 3 11538 N 5 7 0 1000 3 .0 11539 D 0 0 1 850 0 .3 3 11590 N 0 7 0 980 1 .7 5 11697 D 2 3 0 1010 1 .2 5 11884 N 0 1 0 950 0 .2 5 11910 D 1 1 0 1050 0 .5 12337 D 0 10 0 1220 2 .5 12340 N 0 1 0 940 0 .2 5 12349 D 2 4 0 950 1 ,5 12389 N 2 4 0 1020 1 .5 12391 D 0 1 0 790 0 .3 3 12522 N 0 1 0 800 0 .3 3 12523 N 0 2 0 1110 0 .5 12526 D 2 6 1 1040 2 .2 5 12532 N 0 1 0 780 0 .3 3 12533 N 0 3 2 1070 1 .2 5 12786 D 1 2 0 1150 0 .7 5 12787 N 1 1 0 800 1 .0 365 Appendix IV . - 4 2. C ontinued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 12789 D 0 8 0 1050 2 .0 12791 « 2 2 0 1050 1 .3 5 12842 N 0 5 1 1000 1 .5 12843 D 0 0 2 680 1 .0 12848 N 3 3 0 1030 1 .5 12962 N 0 1 0 850 0 .3 3 13277 N 0 4 0 700 2 .0 13278 N 0 1 2 1000 0 .7 5 I V .- 4 3 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r S y s t e l l a s p i s b r a u e r i c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e V e le r o B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 11617 D 1 2 1 1000 2 .0 11622 D 0 6 4 1110 2 .5 11628 N 0 9 0 1000 2 .2 5 12118 N 0 0 2 800 0 .6 6 12122 N 0 12 0 1300 3 .0 12698 N 1 5 2 1090 2 .0 12699 D 0 3 2 680 2 .5 12701 D 0 2 1 1250 0 .7 5 12702 N 1 2 2 1080 1 .2 5 12703 N 0 1 0 410 0 .5 13299 N 0 0 5 500 2 .5 13300 N 0 9 0 500 4 .5 13301 D 1 0 1 1200 0 .5 I V .- 4 4 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r S y s t e l l a s p i s c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e Santa C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 8697 D 1 0 0 1000 0 .3 3 9060 D 0 1 0 685 0 .3 3 9243 N 0 2 0 870 1 .0 9872 D 0 1 0 938 0 .3 3 9873 D 0 1 0 625 0 .5 10206 D 0 1 0 700 0 .5 10602 D 0 1 0 1000 0 .2 5 10696 N 0 0 1 950 0 .2 5 11726 D 0 1 0 600 0 .5 13631 D 0 1 0 700 0 .5 I V .- 4 5 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d ata fo r S y s t e l l a s p i s c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e San N ic o la s B a s in . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale N o. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 11956 N 0 3 0 500 1 .5 11958 D 1 2 0 640 1 .0 11959 D 0 2 0 520 1 .0 12000 D 0 0 1 850 0 .3 3 12005 N 0 1 1 600 1 .0 12725 N 1 0 0 1030 0 .2 5 12729 N 2 0 0 480 1 .0 12731 N 0 0 2 1000 0 .5 13042 D 0 0 1 570 0 .5 I V .- 4 6 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r S y s t e l l a s p i s c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n Ho. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 10906 D 0 2 1 500 1 .5 10999 N 1 0 0 1080 0 .2 5 11102 D 1 2 1 700 4 .0 11104 D 0 2 4 450 3 .0 11105 N 0 1 2 820 1 .5 11500 N 0 2 0 540 1 .0 11535 N 0 0 1 280 0 .5 11537 N 0 0 2 90 4 .0 11539 D 0 0 1 850 0 .3 3 11695 N 1 2 0 710 1 .0 11702 D 0 1 0 730 0 .3 3 11703 D 1 0 0 600 0 .5 11911 D 0 3 0 750 1 .0 12335 N 0 1 0 600 0 .3 3 12336 N 0 1 2 550 0 .6 6 12337 D 0 1 0 1220 0 .2 5 12338 D 0 1 1 540 1 .0 12340 N 1 0 0 940 0 .2 5 12341 N 0 2 0 630 0 .6 6 12345 N 1 1 0 620 0 .6 6 12390 N 0 1 0 835 0 .3 3 12391 D 0 3 0 790 1 .0 12522 N 0 1 0 800 0 .3 3 12525 D 0 1 0 700 0 .5 12788 N 0 3 0 520 1 .0 370 Appendix IV .- 4 6 . C ontinued S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t M ale No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 12789 D 0 1 0 1050 0 .2 5 12790 D 0 1 0 1250 0 .2 5 12791 N 1 1 0 1050 0 .6 6 12847 N 1 0 0 500 0 .5 13279 D 0 2 2 580 2 .0 I V .-4 7 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r S y s t e l l a s p i s c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s over th e V e le r o B a s in . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple D epth N o ./ No. N ig h t Male Fem ale Im m ature (m) T raw l Hour 11617 D 0 2 2 1000 2 .0 11888 N 0 2 0 500 2 .0 11895 D 1 2 0 700 1 .0 12700 D 0 1 3 650 2 .0 12702 N 1 0 0 1080 0 .2 5 IV .- 4 8 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r M eningodora m o l l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e Santa C a ta lin a B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t H a le No. i n Sam ple Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 8020 D 0 1 0 900 0 .3 3 9604 D 0 1 0 1042 0 .2 5 9607 N 0 1 0 781 0 .2 5 9870 N 0 1 0 938 0 .3 3 10602 D 0 2 0 1000 0 .5 10696 N 0 1 0 950 0 .2 5 I V .- 4 9 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r M eningodora m o l li s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v er th e San N ic o la s B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple M ale Fem ale Im m ature D epth (m) N o ./ T raw l Hour 9661 D 0 1 0 1000 0 .2 5 12006 N 0 1 0 850 0 .3 3 12007 D 0 1 0 1250 0 .2 5 IV .- 5 0 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r M eningodora m o l l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e San C lem ente B a sin . S t a t i o n D ay- No. i n Sam ple D epth N o ./ No. N ig h t M ale Fem ale Im m ature (m) T raw l Hour 11498 D 0 2 0 820 0 .6 6 11539 D 0 0 1 850 0 .3 3 11586 D 0 1 0 560 0 .5 11882 D 0 1 0 810 0 .3 3 11885 N 1 1 0 800 0 .5 11911 D 0 1 0 750 0 .3 3 12393 N 0 1 0 790 0 .3 3 12787 N 1 0 0 800 0 .3 3 13277 N 0 0 1 700 0 .5 IV .- 5 1 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r M eningodora m o l l i s c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e V e le r o B a s in . S t a t i o n Day- No. i n Sam ple D epth N o ./ NO. N ig h t M ale Fem ale Im m ature (m) T raw l Hour 11617 D 0 1 0 1000 0 .2 5 11622 D 0 1 0 1110 0 .2 5 12118 N 0 1 0 800 0 .3 3 13300 N 0 1 0 1200 0 .2 5 I V .- 5 2 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r P a sip h a ea em argin ata c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e San Pedro B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple D epth (m) 7223 D 1 600 7279 D 31 675 7280 N 3 360 7281 N 38 675 7343 D 16 860 7344 N 3 640 7345 N 7 800 7371 D 19 800 7373 N 5 710 7374 N 23 910 7375 D 15 640 7385 D 25 700 7390 N 11 550 7391 N 2 550 7392 N 1 350 7394 D 32 880 7410 D 4 750 7411 D 16 815 7412 N 44 820 7413 N 3 660 7414 N 1 490 7513 D 1 540 7514 D 33 740 7569 D 31 650 377 I V .- 5 3 . S t a t i o n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r P a sip h a ea c h a c e i c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v e r th e San Pedro B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple D epth (m) 7220 D 9 465 7221 D 32 815 7273 D 34 600 7279 D 4 675 7280 N 7 360 7299 0 190 710 7325 D 48 680 7344 K 2 640 7371 D 5 800 7373 N 6 710 7374 N 3 910 7375 D 19 640 7380 D 2 500 7389 D 7 650 7390 N 5 550 7391 N 3 550 7392 N 3 350 7393 N 2 250 7409 D 20 600 7412 N 1 820 7413 N 2 660 7513 D 19 540 IV .- 5 4 . S t a t io n l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta f o r Hymenodora f r o n t a l i s c o l l e c t e d i n w a te r s o v e r th e San Pedro B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple D epth (m) 7221 D 1 815 7279 D 95 675 7281 N 28 675 7299 D 3 710 7325 D 1 680 7343 D 225 860 7344 N 2 640 7345 N 52 800 7371 D 464 800 7373 N 3 710 7374 N 323 910 7375 N 1 640 7385 D 108 700 7394 D 243 800 7411 D 438 815 7412 N 722 820 7514 D 568 740 7569 D 227 650 8312 N 138 784 8446 D 130 700 IV.-55. S t a t i o r l i s t and sam p lin g d a ta fo r S y s t e l l a p s i s c r i s t a t a c o l l e c t e d in w a te r s o v er th e San Pedro B a sin . S t a t i o n No. Day- N ig h t No. i n Sam ple D epth (m) 7221 D 1 815 7273 D 1 660 7299 D 1 710 7343 D 1 860 7371 D 1 800 7373 N 1 710 7374 N 2 910 7375 N 1 640

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Creator Murillo, Manuel Maria (author)

Core Title Distribution And Ecology Of Two Families Of Natant Decapod Crustacea -- Oplophoridae And Pasiphaeidae -- In Waters Off Southern California

Degree Doctor of Philosophy

Degree Program Biological Sciences

Publisher University of Southern California (original), University of Southern California. Libraries (digital)

Tag biology, ecology,OAI-PMH Harvest

Language English

Contributor Digitized by ProQuest (provenance)

Advisor Garth, John S. (committee chair), Gorsline, Donn S. (committee member), Nafpaktitis, Basil George (committee member), Savage, Jay Mathers (committee member), Zimmer, Russel L. (committee member)

Permanent Link (DOI) https://doi.org/10.25549/usctheses-c18-575558

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Identifier 7211946.pdf (filename),usctheses-c18-575558 (legacy record id)

Legacy Identifier 7211946.pdf

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Document Type Dissertation

Rights Murillo, Manuel Maria

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Source University of Southern California (contributing entity), University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses (collection)

Access Conditions The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the au...

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