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An Index And Encyclopedia Of The Characters In The Fictional Works Of William Faulkner
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An Index And Encyclopedia Of The Characters In The Fictional Works Of William Faulkner
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Copyright by
ROBERT WARNER KIRK
1959
INDEX AND ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE CHARACTERS
THE FICTIONAL WORKS OF WILLIAM FAULKNER
by
Robert Warner Kirk
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(English)
June 1959
U N IV ERSITY O F S O U T H E R N C A L IF O R N IA
G R A D U A T E S C H O O L
U N IV E R S IT Y PARK
L O S A N G E L E S 7, C A L I F O R N I A
This dissertation, written by
under the direction of lit.......Dissertation C o m
mittee, and approved by all its members, has
been presented to and accepted by the Graduate
School, in partial fulfillment of requirements
for the degree of
D O C T O R O F P H I L O S O P H Y
........( r . . . ............. .............................................................................................
Dean
DISSERTATION COM M ITTEE
Chairv/an
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
I. INTRODUCTION ................................... 1
II. ANALYSES OF NINE CHARACTERS................... 15
III. SUMMARY.......................................... 99
IV. INTRODUCTION TO THE INDEX........................ 105
V. APPARATUS...........................................113
VI. INDEX AND ENCYCLOPEDIA...........................117
A. The Novels
B. The Short Stories and Sketches
VII. MASTER I N D E X ......................................387
VIII. LIST OF WORKS CONSULTED.......................... 413
INTRODUCTION
The fictional writings of William Faulkner, perhaps
more so than those of any other contemporary novelist, must
be considered in the context of his total work. He cannot
be understood, appreciated, or judged piecemeal. Faulkner
has long been and continues to be, though now to a lesser
degree than before, among the most maligned of modern
American writers chiefly because many readers and even a
large number of critics themselves have attempted to judge
the entire man on the basis of one or two of his works.
And in the early criticism the judgments were often on the
novel Sanctuary, the most sensational and in many ways the
least representative of his works. Long the most accessi
ble, this novel, the first of Faulkner's longer writings
to gain a wide reading audience, marked the beginning of
the most persistent of one-sided Faulkner criticism and
led to a similar treatment of most of his other works.
"From the beginning of the 1930's . . . he was classified
as a writer who had ignored the larger demands upon social
taste and moral discretion. His work . . . exploited
obscenity and horror for their own sake . . .; he did not
wish for a 'better world.'" In summary, the prevailing
opinion was that he was "the leading member of a 'cult of
2
cruelty1 school of modern writing'.'1
Though these criticisms have to some degree given
way to more measured judgments in recent years, the
influence of the earlier pronouncements made by important
critics remains in force, shaping in the minds of readers
attitudes which may be readily sustained through the all-
too-common practice of sampling a writer's works in order
to get a feeling for him.
This practice is particularly harmful when applied to
Faulkner's narratives, for even though his more recent
works of the early 19^0's and later are more pointedly
concerned with social problems than were his earlier ones,
his style in general with its long, involved sentences and
vague, sometimes ambiguous, references continues to be as
complex as ever. Moreover, Faulkner, possessing as he does
an almost incomparable ability to portray morbidity,
persists in his use of it; and even though he employs the
morbid touch chiefly to express his revulsion for social
evils, its engaging presence tends to focus attention on
the means rather than on the end, with the result that the
reader may get a negative or "dead-end" impression when
its very opposite is implicit in the larger view.
"^Frederick J. Hoffman and Olga W. Vickery, William
Faulkner: Two Decades of Criticism, Mich. State Coll.
Press (East Lansing, 1951) > p5 25
3
If the index of characters undertaken in this study
does nothing else it will help to prove the fallacy of
judging Faulkner's purposes and achievements on the basis
of a small section extracted from the whole. A primary
value of such an index is to enable one to see the pattern
of Faulkner's work in its entirety. By carefully perusing
the index, and occasionally consulting designated pages in
a key novel or short story, the reader will, first of all,
begin to realize the writer's sense of history and the
important role that family relationships play in the life
of the Southerner. This experience in itself will do more
to enable him to understand reality in the South than will
reading excerpts from these stories or studying criticisms,
many of which are themselves the result of reading excerpts.
Even more Important than this, the reader will begin
to detect a pattern, of which Faulkner himself may not have
been originally aware, a trend toward a more and more
positive treatment of moral values. He will thus be able
to see in the writer of, say, The Sound and the Fury and
even of Sanctuary the man who wrote the Nobel Prize
acceptance speech.
By way of illustrating the value of the index, I have
in the first part of this work employed it to analyze some
of the major characters whom Faulkner carries over from
4
one story to another. My immediate approach to this
project concerned itself with Faulkner's artistry in
handling these important people as he grows and develops
in his craft. My findings, based on a careful study of
several characters in many stories, were, in general, of
a highly positive nature and suggested a trend in
Faulkner's work that was the very antithesis of the "dead
end" tendency which the early critics had seen in his
work. In almost every instance I detected an increasing
consistency from story to story in the basic natures of
his important figures. The few exceptions wherein he
sacrifices consistency result in general from very
understandable causes, for example, the author's becoming
personally attached to one of his creations to such an
extent that he has yielded to the temptation to slight
reality somewhat.
In a majority of cases I observed too a marked
tendency toward progressive convincingness in Faulkner's
characters, born of an improved ability to integrate
character with story. Along with this development I
noted also an increasing mastery of economy in his por
traiture. And underlying all of these accomplishments
is his closeness to the folk of whom he writes and his
understanding of their most minute thoughts and feelings.
5
It is this closeness more than any other single factor
which enables him to fulfill his role as moderator
between his people and the world at large.
The index itself is made up as follows: The novels
are listed by title in the order of their publication,
and under each story are listed alphabetically all of
the named characters who appear or are mentioned in
that work, together with a notation of every page on
which their names occur. In addition there appears after
the name of each character a brief account of his actions
which are important to the story and, whenever they seem
Important, a short description of that character's
salient personality features. Immediately following,
the named characters in all of the short stories and
sketches are handled in like manner. Finally there
appears a master index composed of all of Faulkner's
named fictional characters alphabetically arranged, with
a list of every work in which their names occur.
6
An encyclopedia of William Faulkner’s characters
will be helpful to the student because of their sheer
numbers, if for no other reason. In the course of writ
ing seventeen novels and more than fifty published short
stories and sketches, Faulkner has given us more than nine
hundred named people, not to mention the anonymous croivds,
among whom many persons establish themselves as individ
uals who fill the streets of Jefferson during a local
crisis, such as a jail burning or the threat of a lynch
ing .
Still more important for the purposes of an encyclo
pedia is the fact that many of these characters appear
in more than one work. Gavin Stevens, Flem Snopes,
V. K. Ratliff, Mrs. Jenny DuPre, Will Varner, Quentin
Compson, and Temple Drake are but a few of the people who
have Important roles in at least two of Faulkner's works,
and most of them are mentioned in others. For they are all
a part of the most widely-known county in Mississippi--
Yoknapatawpha--where life actually seems to go on between
Faulkner's books. It is as if the characters are always
there, awaiting the summons to participate in the action
of the stories when it moves their way. And most of these
characters have been on the land a long time. In more
than one instance the writer spins a web of ancestry for a
7
given family that goes back to the first of their number
to come to Northern Mississippi; sometimes he reaches to
an even earlier period. According to Andrew Lytle all
Southern writers of imagination have this interest in
f a m i l y ,^ but Faulkner goes far beyond the others. In his
introduction to Viking's The Portable William Faulkner,
Malcolm Cowley cites an extreme example of this tendency.
To enable Cowley to use one of the sections of The Sound
and the Fury in The Portable, Faulkner offered to write
"a very brief introduction" of the characters that would
explain their relationships sufficiently for Cowley's
purpose. But, though the action of this novel covers
only the eighteen years between 1910 and 1928, Faulkner
sent in a genealogy of the Compson family that goes back
to 1745 and comes forward to 1945-3
On this occasion Faulkner went unnecessarily far,
but here we have an extreme and most unusual instance.
1
In general his concern wj/th ancestry is reasonable and
in perfect harmony with ( the people about whom he writes.
j
!
^"Regeneration of Man," in Frederick J. Hoffman and
Olga Vickery, eds., William Faulkner: Two Decades of
Criticism (East Lansing, Michigan, 1954)> p"- 254.
3(New York, 1954), pp. 8-9*
Usually ancestry becomes an integral part of his stories.
More than once, indeed, it forms the basis of the action.-
For example, the main plot of Intruder in the Dust revolves
about Lucas Beauchamp's pride in his lineage. To get the
cornpi.ete picture of his involved family line, however, one
should first read the latter half of "The Bear." In this
part of Faulkner's great long short story, Faulkner
demands (and merits) the concentrated attention of his
reader, for the story of Lucas's family is interwoven
with that of Isaac McCaslin, hero of "The Bear," and with
that of Isaac's cousin, McCaslin Edmonds, another charac
ter who is important in more than one of the Yoknapatawpha
stories. To add further to the difficulty, Faulkner
reveals these accounts of a family, not by a direct
account, but by recreating the conditions under which
young Isaac McCaslin discovered them for himself.
Isaac, grandson of Carothers McCaslin, founder of a
plantation empire, is afflicted with second thoughts
about his birthright. Is land really a man's property to
own, to sell, to give away? And what of the slaves who
are treated very much like land? Through a welter of
unorthodox abbreviations, cryptic phrases, and misspell
ings, Isaac solves the mystery of why a slave drowned
herself, and at the same time brings to light the
9
genealogy of one Lucas Beauchamp, Negro. Eunice McCaslin,
a female slave bought by Carothers in 1807, drowned her
self on Christmas Day, 1832, because, we learn as we
piece the evidence out, her daughter, Tomasina (Tomy),
has been impregnated by the white man, Carothers
McCaslin, for the reason, we are told in another place,
that he was lonely. The offspring of this illicit union,
born in due time, is named Turl (Terrel) and commonly
called Tomey's (or Tomy1s) Turl. Another entry in one of
the ledgers informs us that in 1859 Amodeus McCaslin,
son of Carothers, uncle of Isaac, won from Hubert
Beauchamp Esgre [sic] in a card game a young female slave,
Tennle: "Possible strait against three Treys in sight.
Not called."
In the same year Tennie was married to Tomy's Turl.
Three of their children lived, two of these despite the
horrible Civil War years: B'orfslba, a daughter who married
at the age of seventeen and moved to Arkansas; and a son,
James, who vanished on his twenty-first birthday. The
youngest, Lucas Quintus McCaslin Beauchamp, born in 187^-,
was the only one to remain on the land, finally becoming
its oldest living inhabitant.
Lucas is the half-brother of the twins, Theophilus
and Amodeus (Buck and Buddy), the father and the uncle
10
respectively of Young Isaac, who is, perhaps, the first
of the line who would be willing to.acknowledge kinship
with Lucas. Isolated bits of this information from the
ledgers are worked into the texture of Faulkner's prose
again and again as he now reminisces, now comments, now
injects portions to quicken his larger narrative or give
additional force to it. By this subtle means we also
learn (see especially ’ ’The Fire and the Hearth") of the
Edmonds half of the McCaslin family. McCaslin (Roth)
Edmonds, who inherits all of old Carothers1 land when
Isaac repudiates it, is also a descendant of that fountain-
head of the manly virtues, Carothers McCaslin. But alas!
Roth is on the female side; and since his father, Zack,
is the son of Carothers' sister, who married an Edmonds,
the noble blood that courses through the veins of Buck,
Buddy, Lucas, and Isaac is denied Zack and hj.s son,
McCaslin, except in diluted form. This blood difference
makes it possible for Lucas to triumph over Zack Edmonds
in a man-to-man showdown, and the outcome of this incident
affects so markedly the subsequent conduct of Lucas toward
Zack that the latter!s son is enabled to guess their
secret, and is himself deeply affected thereby. And this
matter of the blood, as has been stated, is carried over
into Intruder in the Dust, the third work in which this
11
detailed information is important.
This example is typical of others in two respects:
first, it is basic to one or more stories; and, second,
it embodies details that require some skill and a great
deal of care to come by. The student of Faulkner, there
fore, who is concerned with more than the mere surface
enjoyment of the writings, finds still another reason for
having such detailed information readily available.
Indeed many types of special studies might well
begin with such a body of information as this encyclopedia
affords: or, conversely, a perusal of the encyclopedia
might suggest an interesting project. For example, in a
consideration of the numerous major characters who appear
in more than one work, often many years apart, the possi
bility of studying Faulkner's handling of a given charac
ter from one period to another presents itself. Does he
really have the same individual in mind in carrying over,
say, Flem Snopes from The Hamlet to The Townv If there
are changes, are they such as we could expect from the
passage of time and from certain experiences that we have
seen Flem go through? Is Faulkner consistent in his
treatment of Mrs. Virginia DuPre (Miss Jenny), who in
Sanctuary is ten years older than when we knew her in
Sartoris, although only a year elapsed between the
12
publication of these two novels? In "There Was a Queen,"
published three years after Sanctuary (with Miss Jenny
two years older), is she a convincing older version of the
stiff-necked, severe, but lovable Miss Jenny of Sartoris
through Sanctuary, or have consistency and convincingness
been sacrificed to the need for an old woman, any old
woman, to fill a type role in a new story?
Finally (and to some degree this question overlaps
those already asked), what of the writer's artistry in
general? Does it show increasing strength with the
passage of time or is there a diminution? Does his
Increased concern with social problems In his later
writing tend to weaken the artistry that he demonstrated
In The Sound and the Fury, as Maxwell Gelsmar insists
that it does?^ If Geismar is right in respect to a novel
as a whole, can Faulkner's artistry still prevail, even
reveal growth in handling an Individual character in
such a novel?
The purpose of the section which follows will be to
attempt to answer some of these questions in connection
with several of Faulkner's important characters. To read
only the pages listed in the index which deal with a
^American Moderns (New York, 1958), p. 98.
13
given character would obviously not be sufficient for
such an undertaking as this. If one has carefully read
the necessary works at least once, however, a scanning of
the pages cited will readily give him the total picture
that he seeks, no matter how much reading foreign to his
immediate problem has Intervened sine e he last encountered
the character now to be examined. My personal experience
in conducting this study has been that any character who
ever Impressed me deeply emerges by means of the indexed
references from his complex background and becomes a more
clearly-defined entity who can be examined adequately.
For obvious reasons only Yoknapatawpha people, with
one exception, will be discussed In this study. Also I
have thought it advisab3.e to take these people in the
order of their Initial appearance. For example, Quentin
Compson, the lone representative in this analysis from
Faulkner's first novel of the series, The Sound and the
Fury, comes at the beginning. The fact that his next
important appearance is relatively late (Absalom,
Absalom 1, 1936), does not matter, of course. Next come
Narcissa Benbow Sartoris, her brother, Horace, and Dr.
Lucius Peabody, all of whom we first meet In Sartoris,
the next novel in the series.-})
14
^Though Sartoris was published in 1929, before The
Sound and the Fury, the latter novel was written first.
^In making this index I am especially indebted to
Mrs. Mason Altiery, of Hawaii. Though my project was
far advanced when I learned of her work and studied it,
and though my compilation goes considerably beyond hers
in development, I profited greatly by what she had done.
First, I was confirmed in much that I had already attempted;
and, second, I adopted some of the excellent devices that
she had used.
15
QUENTIN COMPSON
It Is small wonder that Quentin Compson has invoked
some of the most involved critical comments given to any
literary character in recent years. Faulkner's prose,
extremely involved when it deals with Quentin, gives us a
person who cannot be talked about simply. He appears in
The Sound and the Fury as a highly complex young Harvard
student of twenty, who, besides suffering the usual disil-
lusionments common to the youth of this century--loss of
faith in love, religion, friendship, patriotlsm--carrles a
personal burden. It is a burden such as only a Southerner
could know to the degree to which it affects Quentin--loss
of pride in family. His sister, Caddy, the only one of
his immediate family with whom he could possibly feel a
genuine affinity, has crushed him by her sexual promis
cuity, and all of his grievances against life seem to stem
from the shock that her frailty has given him.
To vindicate the family honor Quentin pretends to
have been the guilty one in Caddy's sin; hence his tortured
lie about their incest. By this means, Quentin, in con
structing for himself a "private world to which Caddy is
essential," attempts to "trick experience into conformity
with his pattern. . . ." For "Incest can be made to
KWlTv'
16
confirm the validity of his ethical pattern."7
As we see Quentin on the day of his suicide, thoughts
of Caddy and her frailty alternate, sometimes fuse, with
thoughts related to what is currently happening; and
always the past is more vivid, more real. When he is
taken into custody on the false charge of kidnaping a
little Italian girl, his mind is chiefly on the past. He
scarcely participates in the present even in his fights
with Julie and Bland, in which, in Vickery's words, "Past
and present collide. ..." (p. 1024) Armed only with his
father's futllltarlan teachings, which he cannot wholly
accept but rather toys with because he has nothing else to
lean on, he reacts to the world about him with utter
passivity.
All critics seem to agree that Faulkner's handling of
The Sound and the Fury, remarkable for its elaborate
technique, represents a high degree of artistry which the
author has not surpassed. This artistry extends in all of
Its power to the creation of Quentin, who is probably the
most important of the thinking characters in this novel and
surely the one closest to the spirit of Faulkner himself.
Says John Raymond Butterworth in an early consideration of
^Olga Vickery, "The Sound and the Fury, a Study in
Perspective," PMLA, LXIX:1024-1027> December 195^*
17
this work: "It is as though he [Faulkner] had more at
stake in recounting what happened to Quentin than he had
in [treating] any of his other characters.
Much the same statement may be made of Quentin as we
find him in the later novel, Absalom, AbsalomJ; for it is
a continuation of the earlier work in more than one sense.
Indicative of the close relationship between the theme of
The Sound and the Fury and that of Absalom, Absalom! Is
William R. Poirier's statement to the effect that we can
better appreciate Quentin's response to experience if we
have the Quentin of The Sound and the Fury as background.
Though at first glance the functions of Quentin differ
markedly in the two novels, his purpose in both is the
same; and this fact tends at last to make his role in both
more nearly the same. In both novels he is trying to dis
cover the meaning of his heritage. In The Sound and the
Fury this task concerns him Immediately; in Absalom,
Absalom. ' , with his tortured self thrust into the back
ground, he observes and interprets the story, far removed
in time, of Thomas Sutpen's embattled efforts to "make his
tory in his own image." Here Quentin, if he is to define
^"A Psychoanalytical Consideration of the Abnormal
Characters In the Novels of William Faulkner," unpub.
Master's thesis (Univ. of So. Calif., 1937)> P* 87.
1.8
himself, "must confront these persistent disruptions in
his effort to find some human value adhering to what is
apparently a representative anecdote of his homeland." 9
By the very nature of the story, however, Quentin in
Absalom, AbsalomI does not by any means make the sustained
demand on Faulkner's artistry that he did in the earlier
novel. Yet, as Sutpen's story unfolds, we are aware that
Quentin's old self is there, ready to function as the
complex hero of The Sound and the Fury whenever occasion
demands. For he is by no means merely the dispassionate
observer of ancient events in Mississippi. We become
progressively aware that his future may depend on the
outcome of the Sutpen saga. At times, as he reconstructs
the incidents of Sutpen's life, he becomes so carried
away by them that he is unaware of himself as a person,
oblivious to the extreme cold that fills the icy New
England bedroom he shares with Shreve, the Canadian youth.
On one occasion he and Shreve are so completely taken out
of themselves that they become part of the story and ride
as a party of four with Bon and Henry Sutpen.
9 "strange Gods in Jefferson, Mississippi," in
Frederick J. Hoffman and Olga Vickery, eds., Faulkner:
Two Decades of Criticism (East Lansing, Michigan; Mich.
State College Press, 195^-jj PP* 217-219-
19
So that now it was not two but four of them riding the
two horses through the dark over the frozen ruts of
that Christmas eve. . . . (p. 33^)
And for a moment Quentin and Shreve become as one with the
two men long since dead:
four of them and then just two--Charies-Shreve and
Quentin-Henry, the two of them both believing that
Henry was thinking He_ [meaning his father] has des
troyed us all. . . . (p. 33^)
As the final parts of the involved story rush to fall
into their proper places, the comments and questions of the
Northerner, Shreve, who is increasingly puzzled by the
strange materials of Quentin's heritage, become more and
more pointed; and the answers of poor Quentin become more
and more inarticulate. "What is it?" asks Shreve.
Something you live and breathe in like air? A kind of
vacuum filled with wraithlike and indomitable anger and
pride and glory at and in happenings that occurred and
ceased fifty years ago? . . .
To this Quentin responds honestly in the only way he knows
how: "You can't understand it. You would have to be born
there" (p. 361). And again, Shreve: "The South . . .
The South. Jesus. No wonder you folks all outlive your
selves by years and years and years." And Quentin: "I am
older at twenty than a lot of people who have died" (p. 377)
And finally Shreve's lips, his very spirit, form the ques
tion that no one who has read Absalom, AbsalomI ever for
gets: "Why do you hate the South?" From the tortured
20
depths of the self-same being who hypnotized us in the
moiling currents of The Sound and the Fury comes the ans
wer, utterly cryptic, utterly significant: "I dont hate
it . . . I dont hate it." And
I dont hate it, he thought panting in the cold air,
the iron New England dark. I dont . . . I dontI
I dont hate it! I dont hate it! (~p. 378)
Perhaps no "Northerner" has come so close to explain
ing this passage (the explanation of which the Southerner
can only think, not articulate), as has Willian Van O'Con
nor in his The Tangled Fire of William Faulkner:
Quentin Compson's intensely troubled denial certainly
is not defensive in the usual manner of being loyal to
one's home. Fascination and loathing and love and
respect are inextricably intermingled. Quentin, brood
ing, driven, obsessed and torn by his affections and
honor, belongs to the land cursed by slavery, to its
lives and conflicts and to the social order in which the
curse is seen working out its expiation.10
No, Faulkner has lost none of the artistry that
exalted us in The Sound and the Fury: and Quentin, one of
his principal Southern functionaries, holds the place in
Absalom, Absalom! that he held in the great novel written
eight years before.
1(^The Tangled Fire of William Faulkner (Minneapolis,
Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 195^-)* p. 96.
21
NARCISSA EENBOW SARTORIS
One of the most notable examples of Faulkner's
inconsistency in handling a major character is seen in
the case of Narclssa Benbow Sartoris. In the novel
Sartoris, an early work in which Faulkner seems to be
primarily concerned with putting traditional Southern
types through their prescribed paces, Narcissa appears as
a sweet Southern belle, gentle foil for the indomitable
Miss Jenny DuPre, whose "fiddlesticks" makes strong men
doubt themselves. When Narcissa first appears, we are
told that she brings "an aura of that grave and serene
repose in which she dwelt." And farther along we learn
that her "eyes had the tranquil repose of lilies" (p. 49).
Serenity seems to be the dominant note in her makeup, but
it is not the serenity that might bespeak one sure of
herself. It is rather the serenity of Innocence. Plainly
she wants Bayard Sartoris to love and marry her more than
she wants anything else; yet when, in his obsession with
violent thoughts, he ignores her, she remains within the
rigid frame of conduct prescribed for a young Southern
lady. A less decorous maiden, a scheming woman, or even a
forceful woman, could have easily caught him up In marriage,
so indifferent was he to what befell him. But Narcissa was
22
none of these.
As a young writer, Faulkner seems to have created
this woman with no Intentions of making her become the
insensitive, ruthless person that she is in Sanctuary,
which he wrote tivo years after Sartoris. After reading
both books, one must scratch and dig in order to discover
any relationship whatever between the Narcissa of Sartoris
and that of Sanctuary. Even then only two clues suggest
themselves: we learn in Sartoris first that she is not
interested in books (her brother Horace teasingly calls
her dull); and second that she has looked after Horace
with a "sober maternal perseverance" since she was five.
Yet in Sanctuary Faulkner sets to work at once to
transform sweet Innocence into something evil, almost
sinister: "Narcissa was a big woman with dark hair, a
broad, stupid, serene face" (p. 27)- And later he tells
us :
She had never been given to talking, living a life
of serene vegetation like perpetual corn or wheat in
a sheltered garden instead of a field, and . . . she
came and went about the house with an air of tranquil
and faintly ludicrous tragic disapproval, (p. 27)
Plainly the words "serene" and "tranquil" mean something
far different when applied to Narcissa in Sanctuary from
what they meant in Sartoris. They may no longer be associ
ated with innocence; they now have harsher connotations.
23
But why? Why make such a transformation in his crinoline
maiden of the earlier work? Mrs. Norman Altieri in her
introduction to her "An Encyclopedia of Characters in the
Novels of William Faulkner," suggests that the author seems
to have grown tired of Narcissa.H But such a theory is
much too simple to explain this glaring inconsistency and
discounts altogether Faulkner's handling of Narcissa in
the short story "There Was a Queen," in which she makes
her final appearance.
Closer to the truth is the fact that in Sanctuary
Faulkner needs a female guardian of tradition. And this
guardian must be more ruthless, more vicious than any of
her predecessors because, to make the story convincing, she
must be one to consider her personal comfort more important
than justice; she must augment tragedy by selfishly over
throwing her brother Horace.
The need for such a woman is, in this instance, of
greater importance to Faulkner than mere consistency in
the treatment of a character; and he selects Narcissa
because her brother Horace, as he was conceived in Sartoris,
Is the logical person to do what he has to do in Sanctuary:
fly in the face of his training as a Southern gentleman
1-*-Unpub. master's thesis (Univ. of Hawaii, 1952),
p. v.
24
because, paradoxically, he is a gentleman. Moreover, the
character of Horace is of supreme importance in this novel
and becomes increasingly so in subsequent works when, in
the person of Gavin Stevens, who is Horace's ultimate
development, Horace is seen not only as the mouthpiece of
the writer to be used chiefly for philosophical asides, but
also as the spiritual descendant of Colonel John Sartoris--
spiritual only, not physical too, because the Colonel,
being master of all he surveyed and having a comparatively
primitive mind, acted first and thought later; whereas his
male heirs usually reverse this order and as often as not
fail to convert the thought into action, not because they
are cowardly--even though they say they are--but because
they are culture-ridden, plagued with second thoughts, and
hemmed in by social and geographical changes that had not
existed for Colonel John.
Even so, Horace is an opponent worthy of all the
cunning and brutality that his sister can muster, this
despite the fact that he is in a highly vulnerable position.
He had not only left his wife, Belle, but in taking the
case of the accused murderer, Lee Goodwin, he has inherited
the care of Goodwin's common-law wife and their baby.
Obviously this last is what most outrages Narcissa, not
because of sisterly concern for Horace, but because the
woman's reputation is unwholesome, and her association with
Horace will endanger the reputation of Narcissa, who, as
she says, must continue to live in Jefferson.
A wiser more compassionate woman, Miss Jenny, for
example, would have aided Horace in his struggle by at
least providing a temporary home for the mother and child.
Not so the "new" Narcissa. When Horace says to her, "Do
you realize that she has been practically turned into the
streets?" She replies, "That shouldn't be a hardship.
She ought to be used to that" (p. 218). Elsewhere Miss
Jenny, no mean defender of the southern female tradition,
has this to say about Mrs. Bayard Sartoris: "It's a good
thing Narcissa ain't going to be on that jury" (p. 151)*
No, the Narcissa of Sanctuary will see an Innocent
man hanged rather than endanger her version of respectabil
ity. Finally she beats Horace to earth when, timing the
end of the trial with satanic accuracy, she wires Belle,
the woman she had called "dirty" in Sartoris, that Horace
will be home "on the twenty-fourth." Indomitable woman
hood has again triumphed over poor, idealistic man.
Perhaps Faulkner should be excused in part for thus
violating a character. If we take his introduction to
Sanctuary seriously, we may assume that this book was
written without any thought of his other stories. In his
26
own words it was a "cheap idea." A better reason still
for our indulgence is seen in the complex human being
which he makes of Narcissa two years later in the short
story "There Was a Queen," wherein she is a woman who
might well have developed from the earlier one of Sartoris.
Here she gives herself unwillingly to a government official
in order to recover certain obscene "mash" notes written to
her anonymously before her marriage and later stolen from
her by their author, bank-robbing Byron Snopes. In the
course of investigating the robbery, the government agent
comes into possession of these letters, which he is willing
to destroy for the fee that Narcissa feels she must pay.
In "Queen" we get the Impression of deep but
restrained regret on the part of Narcissa after she has
returned from her rendezvous with the agent in Memphis.
Never before had she been away from her son, and he is
foremost in her mind when she reaches home again. Without
even changing clothes she takes the boy across the pasture
to the nearby creek, where they sit fully dressed In the
water the whole evening (afternoon). Obviously this act
is symbolic of washing away her sin. Later, at supper,
which mother and son eat alone, she bids him move his chair
closer, closer, closer. "But we won't ever again, ever.
Will we?" she says to the boy. "What? Sit in the creek?"
27
he asks. "Not ever leave one another again. . . Promise.
Promise, Bory" (p. 7^-2). And finally, as part of her
expiation, Narcissa tells Miss Jenny everything.
True, Elnora, the cook, steeped in tradition, sees
Narcissa as trash, but this is principally because she
does not regard her (nor anybody but a true Sartoris, for
that matter) as quality fit to associate with one of
Colonel John's family. Isom, Elnora1s son, represents the
later, fairer viewpoint; and he is in cautious disagree
ment with his mother. Through his more objective eye we
get a better judgment of Narcissa, which is in keeping
with her actions in the story.
Faulkner is back on the main track. Released from
the compulsion which drove him to write Sanctuary for
money and attention, he shows an increased artistry which
enables him to give us a woman who, though Irving Malin
calls her weak,12 is, nevertheless, one of flesh and blood,
who, under the circumstances set forth in this short story,
might well behave as she did, she being an older, wiser
development of the Narcissa we knew in Sartoris.
►
“I O
William Faulkner, an Interpretation (Stanford,
California, 1957)* P** 39-
28
HORACE BENBOW
The instant Horace Benbow appears on the scene in
Sartoris, Faulkner frames him for us: "... his clean,
wretchedly-fitting khaki suit but served to accentuate his
air of fine and delicate futility" (p. 149)• Then one of
Faulkner's favorite characters, one of his "good weak
heroes," proceeds toward his assigned development--a man
of gentle breeding who would attempt to say "Father" to
his male parent even if he had breath for only one syl
lable, one who knows, even before trying, that he cannot
impose his quixotic ideals upon the twentieth-century
world; indeed, he knows that he can seldom get beyond his
sister Narcissa's particular version of it. Consequently
he falls back on verbalizing at great length about litera
ture, philosophy, glass blowing, art, life in general; and
the fact that his audience, including Narcissa, seldom
understands him does nothing to check the flow.
Now this practice is, in itself, not objectionable;
for it is entirely in keeping with the character of Horace
as we come to know him in Sartoris. Unfortunately
Faulkner is still too close to his novel Mosquitoes, and
much of the prose-poetry spoken by Horace or descriptive
of him is second-rate and strained (though part of it shows
29
much promise for the near future).
Typical is the line Horace tosses off about Venice
when he is speaking to Narcissa on the occasion of his
arrival in Jefferson from overseas: "Venice, a voluptuous
dream, a little sinister. Must take you there sometime"
(p. lpl)- Then he falls back on the artificial phrase with
which he addresses his sister again and again during the
early course of the story: "Dear old Narcy."
Shortly afterward he describes the products of the
European glass blowers in a series of extravagantly-
contrasting terms:
And the things themselves. Sheerly and tragically
beautiful. Like preserved flowers, you know. Macabre
and inviolate; purged and purified as bronze, yet
fragile as soap bubbles. Sounds of pipes crystallized.
Flutes and oboes, but mostly reeds. Oaten reeds. ' Damn
it, they bloom like flowers right before your eyes.
Midsummer Night's Dream to a salamander, (p. 157)
The following is an example of monologue intended to
be brilliant, or at least clever. Actually it is merely
precious. Here we have Horace discussing Belle Mitchell
in an effort to assure Narcissa that he is not interested
in Belle:
I admire Belle. She's so cannily stupid. Once I
feared her. Perhaps .... No, I don't. I am immune
to destruction: I have a magic. Which is a good sign
I am due for it, say the sages. . . . But then acquired
wisdom is a dry thing; it has a way of crumbling to dust
where a sheer and blind coursing of stupid sap is
impervious, (p. 162)
30
Even if shrewd Narcissa had been listening and had
been able to understand she would not have been assured.
And at last they all retire for the night--Aunt Sally
V/yatt, who had moved in with Narcissa when Horace went to
Prance, Narcissa, and Horace. To show off better his
sensitive young lawyer, who is still a new and shining toy,
Faulkner takes a goodnight look at the three. Notice the
contrast. Of Narcissa the author says merely, "Later she
lay in her dark room"; of Aunt Sally Wyatt, "Across the
corridor Aunt Sally snored with placid regularity"; of
Horace, he says that he
lay while that wild, fantastic futility of his voyaged
in lonely regions of its own beyond the moon, about
meadows nailed with flrmamented stars to the ultimate
roof of things, where unicorns filled the neighing air
with galloping, or grazed or lay supine in golden-
hoofed repose, (p. 162)
The worst that can be said about these extravagances
is that, tacked on as they are, they are extraneous to the
story; and if Horace were utterly incapable of action, as
these maunderings suggest that he is, he would be of little
importance to the story. Fortunately, however, Horace
does, for a time, break out (or is pushed) into significant
action, action with bark on it. His romance with a
married woman, Belle Mitchell, seems highly inconsistent
with his character because he obviously has to fly in the
face of the matriarchy in Jefferson, Mississippi; and no
31
Southern gentleman of Horace's type should do that. Yet
fly he does, even to the extent of marrying Belle after
she has divorced her husband Harry.
But we must be careful in making Horace a forceful
lover. Belle Mitchell, who, according to Narcissa, has a
"backstairs" nature, is, in nearly every instance, the
aggressor. She leads the way and just before the showdown
with Harry, she reveals further her coarsely-aggressive
calculating nature: . . she held his [Horace’s] face in
her two hands and stared at him with intent, questioning
eyes."
"Have you plenty of money, Horace?" And "Yes," he had
answered immediately, "of course I have." And then
Belle again, enveloping him like a rich and fatal drug,
like a motionless and cloying sea in which he watched
himself drown, (p. 223)
Yes, Horace is in Sartoris thoroughly dominated by
women. If, in one instance, he appears to defy Narcissa,
it is because, for a time, another woman, Belle, exerts a
stronger counter-influence over him. Except for the Belle
episode Horace seems to be a little boy, whose every act
needs supervision by his females. Only in his futile
verbalizing do we realize that he is an adult. And this
verbalizing, as has been suggested, is largely meretricious.
In Sanctuary the old Horace is recognizable--he is
still the lawyer, "principally through a sense of duty to
32
the family tradition," and he is still the idealist who
will philosophize while the city burns. He has the "voice
of a man given to much talk and not much else" (p. 13)*
Yet his conversations, even his soliloquies, are signifi
cant in being closely related to the action; furthermore
the style lacks the affectation that was so obvious in
Sartoris.
What may at first reading seem akin to some of the
artificial outbursts in Sartoris is Horace's stream-of-
consciousness monologue at the home of the bootleggers.
Actually Horace reveals in this speech the conditions in
his home which, after ten dismal years, drove him away.
Like the impractical, imaginative man he is, he simply
walks out and continues walking through the open country.
When Popeye discovers him, Horace has been alone for many
hours with his terrible burden, and his outburst of total
recall is perfectly natural. He must talk to someone
about the most audacious act that he has ever engaged in.
In Sanctuary it soon becomes evident, however, that
Horace has matured since we first knew him. Ten years of
a marriage that he was ill-fitted for seems to be a
reasonable cause of this greater stature. Though he has
deserted Belle, he has not, as he says, "quit one woman to
run to the skirts of another," referring, of course, to
Narcissa (p. 127).
33
Implicit in this statement is the conscious effort of
a man to fight something in his heritage that he believes
to be wrong. And fight it he does in opposing the pres
sure of the female world that would force him to let an
innocent man be hanged for the crime of another simply
because his job as defense attorney involves the care of
the accused man's common-law wife, whose character is
obviously suspect. The fact that he consistently crumples
in the presence of his sister and that after he loses the
case he crawls back home to Belle, verbalizing all the
while, does not take from, but rather adds to the valor
of his struggle because we are thus made to realize how
powerful were the forces arrayed against him and how vul
nerable he was to them except for the short time that he
was able to rise out of himself.
Horace Benbow has been brought over from one novel to
another with convincing growth in stature; and though
Sanctuary is Faulkner's "cheap" novel, he could not keep
the signs of his own development out of it. In this story
Horace becomes a highly complex character, whose efforts,
even though sometimes pathetic, are never without human
dignity; and we applaud them because we can to a consider
able extent identify ourselves with him. And through this
character more than through any other in the book, perhaps,
34
Faulkner makes manifest his increased degree of mastery
of the involved prose which is his most effective means
of expression.
35
DR. PEABODY
Though Dr. Lucius Quintus Peabody is not exactly one
of Faulkner's major characters, he Is an important one and
is a good example of the writer's rapid Improvement after
Sartoris. Probably in this novel, the first one he
designedly wrote about the South, Faulkner was somewhat
bedazzled by the prospect of all the traditional material
he had to work with. At any rate he gives us several
picture-book, Southern-type characters, and Dr. Peabody
is one of the most obvious of these.
In Sartoris he appears as the bluff, unpretentious,
wise old fellow that "B" motion pictures love to glorify--
one who effortlessly strips away pretense whenever and
wherever he finds it in the course of his professional
rounds. "Sit down, Jenny, and keep quiet,” he tells Mrs.
Jenny DuPre as he invades the office of young Dr. Alford
and examines the latter's patient, old Bayard Sartoris.
When Dr. Alford, armed with the moral backing of all that
is ethical in the medical profession, primly remonstrates,
Dr. Peabody very kindly addresses him as "boy" and con
tinues his examination of the patient.
Of course he can be gentle too, this three-hundred-
and-ten-pound, eighty-seven-year-old doctor. One of the
36
more touching scenes of the book deals with his telling
Miss Jenny of young Bayard's death even at the instant
when she is wiring Bayard to come home to his day-old son.
Instead of boldly telling her of the tragic airplane acci
dent which caused her great-nephew's ■death he retrieves
her telegram in such a way that she, who is always ready
to expect the violent death of one of her male Sartorises,
virtually tells herself of young Bayard's end. But such
tender scenes of understanding are the exception in this
novel. Dr. Peabody's principal role is that of foil for
Miss Jenny, dignified, authoritative rememberer of the
Old South and its traditions.
Although As I Lay Dying was written a year or more
after Sartoris, it deals with events which occurred about
seventeen years earlier than those in the story of
Sartoris. Here we find Dr. Peabody the same earthy,
sagacious general practitioner, but there are differences
in the later novel which make him a much more convincing
human being than he was in Sartoris. He is no longer the
roaring, indefatigable caricature of Sartoris, oblivious
to the barriers, artificial and real, that life sets up.
In As I Lay Dying we see him as a man saddened somewhat
and worn by a world which he has not been able to mold
into a better shape.
37
In only one section of this story does he appear in
clear relief, but these four and a half pages are enough
to establish him in the mind of the reader. This part
deals with his eleventh-hour summons to Addie Bundren1s
bedside. He knows by the signs--the late summons, the
approaching cyclone--that no one but Anse Bundren could
have sent for him; and, because he knows his country
people, being one of them himself, he is aware Instinctive
ly that he has come too late; and, knowing Anse and Addie
Bundren, he further realizes that the wife no longer wishes
to live. All of these thoughts pass in controlled indigna^
tion through his mind as he is being pulled by rope up the
side of the "damn mountain" where Anse lives. (Fortunately
Peabody weighs only two hundred and twenty-five pounds in
1901, and he is only seventy years old.) This method of
getting him up to the house would have been folksy,
picture-book comedy In Sartoris. Here in As I Lay Dying
this incident, though it has its comic aspect, is not seen
as extraneous: For Anse to have his house in such a place
Is in keeping with his character; furthermore, the gravity
of Peabody's mission and the dignity of his thoughts at the
time prevent the incident from being incongruous and relate
it closely to the texture of the narrative. Faulkner has
38
grown quickly into his Southern l e g a c y . -*-3
Faulkner's artistry in handling the character of
Peabody is further seen in his expert use of the doctor
to help reveal the character of Anse Bundren, one of the
author's most remarkable creations, whose nature is
brought out chiefly by the reader's seeing him from dif
ferent angles through the eyes of the various characters.
In keeping with the economy of the entire Peabody section,
the lines devoted to depicting Anse are very succinct; yet
they contribute to Anse's description some of the most
important touches in the entire novel, at the same time
further revealing the nature of Peabody himself.
In the very first line we are aware that Peabody knows
Anse better than the members of the Bundren family do.
"When Anse finally sent for me of his own accord, I said,
'He has wore her out at last1” (p. 366). And later as
Peabody contemplates the hill-top home of the Bundrens to
which he must climb he meditates :
13
Harry Modean Campbell and Ruel E. Foster surely had
such incidents in mind when they said of Faulkner: "In
his best work, the humor is almost always an integral part
of the experiential context of the narrative--it is seldom
exploited for its own sake." William Faulkner: A Critical
Appraisal (Norman, Oklahoma, 1951) ^ P ~ - 113•
39
The path looks like a crooked limb blown against the
bluff. Anse has not been in town in twelve years. And
how his mother ever got up there to bear him, he being
his mother's son. (p. 367)
In another passage, after Peabody has examined Addie
and knows there is no hope for her, he asks Anse why he
did not send for him sooner. Anse1s fumbling reply indi
cates a basic trait of his character--he cannot make up
his mind to do anything positive (except that which is
selfish):
"Hit was jest one thing and then another," he says.
"That ere corn me and the boys was aimin' to git up
with, and Dewey Dell a-takin' good keer of her, and
folks cornin' in, a-offerin' to help and sich, tell I
jest thought. . . ." (p. 369)
In his reply, Peabody, with his incisive country-bred
mind, bluntly supplies still another stroke in Anse's por
trait: "Damn the money. . . . Did you ever hear of me
worrying a fellow before he was ready to pay?” This brief
interchange between the two men also suggests a quality in
the doctor, his deep humanitarianism, which, despite years
of constant exposure to suffering mankind, has refused to
become blunted. And this quality is revealed in still
another statement. In response to Anse1s question as to
whether or not he has told Addie that she will die,
Peabody answers in a wrath that transcends mere grief.
It is an overwhelming protest against the apparently blind
scheme of things: "What for? . . . What the devil for?"
(p. 370)
40
To this character Faulkner appropriately allots an
oft-quoted speech that in part summarizes the author's
idea of the country he loves so well:
That's the trouble with this country: everything,
weather, all, hangs on too long. Like our rivers, our
land: opaque, slow violent; shaping and creating the
life of man in its implacable and brooding image.
(p. 369)
Though Dr. "Loosh" Peabody figures very little in any
of Faulkner's other writings, he is at least referred to
in several of the works; and, after we have come to know
him in As I Lay Dying, the mention of his name helps to
make the background of any given action convincing.
41
NANCY MANNIGOE
Out of a masterful lacework of human relationships
which is the short story "That Evening Sun," one figure
emerges more memorable than the rest--that of Nancy
Mannigoe, Negro, child of sorrow. We get a brief but
effective picture of her early: "She was tall, with a
high sad face sunken a little where her teeth were miss
ing." Of her many troubles the most fearful ones stem
from her husband, Jesus, who is gone from their little
shack sometimes for weeks and then shows up when he is
least expected. As the story opens, Nancy fears his return
more than ever before. This time he will kill her she
knows, for she is pregnant by Mr. Stovall, white, who is
cashier in the bank and a deacon in the Baptist Church.
As we see her seated in the Compson kitchen, Nancy's lament
is pathetic and explains her plight thoroughly: "I aint
nothing but a nigger. . . . It aint none of my fault."
Though Mr. Compson insists that she is safe, Nancy is
desperately afraid to go alone to her isolated cabin each
night after her work for the Compsons is done; consequently
she resorts to all sorts of ruses to keep some of the white
family near her. In this connection Faulkner describes her
fear with some of his greatest strokes of realism. Once
42
when she spent the night on a pallet in the Compson
kitchen, she gave way to her dread in an indescribable
moan :
We [the Compson children] waked up, hearing the sound.
It was not singing and it was not crying, coming up
the dark stairs! .... Then the sound began again
. . . and we could see Nancy's eyes halfway up the
stairs, against the wall. (p. 296)
Seeing that there is no other way to stop her moaning, Mr.
Compson lets Nancy put her pallet on the floor In the
children's room, where she spends the rest of the night,
sleepless.
Next morning, at Dilsey's insistence, Nancy attempts
to drink some coffee, but her fear, even in the daytime,
will not permit it:
Nancy held the cup in both hands, looking at us, mak
ing the sound like there were two of them: one looking
at us,and the other making the sound. "Whyn't you let
Mr. Jason telefoam the marshal?" Dilsey said. Nancy
stopped them, holding the cup in her long brown hands.
She tried to drink some coffee again, but it splashed
out of the cup, onto her hands and dress, and she put
the cup down. (p. 298)
One of the most pathetic scenes takes place in Nancy's
cabin towards the end of the story. Here the writer shows
to unusual advantage his knowledge of the ways of southern
Negro people when they are deathly afraid. Nancy, deprived
of all other comfort, has persuaded the Compson children to
come to her house with her, unknown to their parents. Her
bare cabin offers nothing to interest small children,
43
cruelly selfish in their ignorance of life. To entertain
them Nancy first pathetically attempts to tell a story--
about a queen--which they do not like. When they start to
leave, Nancy begs them to stay, so transported by her fear
that she does not realize, until Caddy tells her, that she
is holding a hot lamp chimney with her bare hands.
Nancy's supreme effort to keep the children is her
promise of popcorn. The ancient popper, once it is over
the flame in the fireplace, comes apart, spilling the corn,
part of which Nancy picks out of the open fire with her
bare fingers. At this point Mr. Compson, apparently hav
ing guessed where the children are, comes after them. As
usual he insists that Nancy is in no danger. But no one
can tell her about danger. Her primitive instincts inform
her that her husband is near and that he will kill her
with the razor that he always carries.
"I got the sign," Nancy said.
"What sign?"
"I got it. It was the meat on the table when I come
in. It was a hogbone, with blood meat still on it,
laying by the lamp. He's out there. When yawl walk
out that door, I gone." (p. 307)
When Mr. Compson and his children leave, Nancy does
not even bother to lock the door.
We could still see Nancy's house and the open door but,
we couldn't see Nancy now, sitting before the fire with
the door open, because she was tired. "I just done got
tired," she said. "I just a nigger. It aint no fault
of mine." (p. 309)
44
That Nancy was right concerning her death we learn
through an incidental reference in The Sound and the Fury.
That very night, probably, she was murdered by her husband
and left in the ditch near her cabin for the vultures.
Exactly why Faulkner brought Nancy back to life for
Requiem for a Nun is difficult to say. Perhaps Cowley's
explanation about Faulkner's errors in consistency is close
to the truth when he says, "I should judge that most of
them are afterthoughts rather than oversights."!^ Certain
ly the Nancy of "That Evening Sun" had the requisite back
ground ..for her role in Requiem for a Nun, for among the
things that Faulkner is attempting to do in Requiem, one,
it seems to me, is to show the spiritual superiority of a
member of that race that "endured" over a member of the
elite white families. Temple,possessed of all of the
advantages of wealth and position, had every reason to be
strong and noble. Nancy had more reason than most of her
race to be the very opposite. So much at this point for
the justification of Faulkner's error.
If, then, we may accept Nancy Mannigoe as being the
same person in both stories, what about the writer's com
parative artistry in the later work in respect to the
character of Nancy? The answer is, it would seem, that
-*-^Intro. to Portable, p. 8.
45
Nancy shares a similar fate with the other carry-over
characters--Gavin Stevens, his nephew, Gowan, and Temple
herself--who are all comparatively artificial in Requiem.
This situation could scarcely be otherwise because they
are part of an artificial structure or mold which permits
little emphasis of character. A second question, then,
arises at this point: Is the writer losing his touch?
The answer could hardly be in the affirmative because there
is too much general evidence to the contrary in his later
works. A fairer answer would seem to be that Faulkner,
the experimenter, has in Requiem reached over into what is,
for him, a new genre. Intercalary historical chapters
aside, he has written a play; and this form, by its very
nature, largely excludes the use of the heated, involved
prose that reflects this writer's most immediate self, that
prose that molds incomparable characters and situations.
From the beginning of her big scene with Temple until
the end of it, Nancy is little more than a seriously glib
character in a play, ready with answers brief and to the
point which succeed In shaming Temple (though not enough)
and in angering her. Whatever there is of flesh and blood
in Nancy's character is there by implication, implication
born of the knowledge of her background as we get it in
"That Evening Sun." It gives significance to Nancy's brave
46
defiance of Temple. Nancy., dope fiend and prostitute,
Negro, has a far stronger sense of motherhood than has
Temple, daughter of the aristocratic Judge Drake. Nancy
would kill Temple's baby and suffer death for the murder
rather than see Temple take it with her and her lover-to-
be .
The final scene between the two women in the jail
does nothing to make either of them seem more alive. The
implications are as before, as Nancy, for a moment, subtly
upbraids Temple for her weakness and then tries to convert
her to the ways of righteousness. "Believe" is the best
advice that Nancy can articulate. It is meaningful only
insofar as it suggests itself as underlying much of Nancy's
life, that trust which, perhaps, made it possible for her
to continue living under the most adverse conditions:
"Believe in something better than what you now have, and
live so as to deserve the better" might well be what Nancy
could not completely say. If so, the single word "Believe,"
which she repeated and varied in the charge "Trust in him,"
is more eloquent, more suggestive, than the full statement.
In summary, perhaps Faulkner's best single stroke in
the dramatic part of this strange book was to revive the
character of Nancy, whom he had made so pathetically alive
in "That Evening Sun."
47
TEMPLE DRAKE
Analyzing the character of Temple Drake as she appears
in Sanctuary is somewhat like working with an intricate
mechanism. She has all of the shiny, highly-organized
surface parts of a machine, and it is tremendously exciting
to watch her in action and to wonder what gears will mesh
next and why. She further resembles a machine in that
there is in her makeup little of the intangible, spiritual
quality that could make a human being of her and cause her
to suffer beyond the moment.
When we first meet her she is already on probation at
college for slipping out of her dormitory after dark
numberless times to go on dates with the "town boys." Her
name graces the men's lavatory wall at the railway station
in Oxford. Even so this background seems hardly adequate
preparation for her experiences at the Frenchman's Bend
house where Lee Goodwin and his bootleggers hang out. And
her modesty before Tommy, the "feeb," and her brittle
hysteria once the horror mechanism has set to work seem to
be the proper responses of an innocent girl desperately
fearful for her life and honor. Perhaps the words of Ruby,
Goodwin's woman, give us the proper clue to Temple's actions
when she says, "It's not Lee I'm afraid of. Do you think
48
he plays the dog after every little hot bitch that comes
along?" (p. 71) At the time, however, they seem more like
the words of a jealous woman. It is only when we see
Temple in action much later in the story that we begin to
think Ruby's interpretation might apply to Temple's earlier
frantic conduct at Frenchman's Bend. Perhaps, we may
think, Temple was hysterical only on the near side of that
theoretical line which a virgin in body crosses only once.
Irving Malin says of her that "She has been raped symboli
cally long before her encounter with P o p e y e . n l 5 The
implication of all of this would seem to be that she is
fascinated by the idea of that which is so fearful before
it happens. Her actions after the rape support this view
only too well. She could have escaped from Popeye in the
town of Dumfries when he went into the store to get her
something to eat. She could have escaped any number of
times from Miss Reba's. But apparently after the rape she
is utterly committed to a life that perversely attracts her
in all of its horror, and she wants to exhaust its possi
bilities.
But it is not until Horace Benbow visits her at Miss
Reba's that we begin to really see Temple's past actions in
■'■^William Faulkner: An Interpretation (Stanford,
1957), PP. 33-34.
49
a new light. From her physical appearance in this scene
we may suspect that she has begun to embrace her new life.
She is garishly made up: . . two spots of rouge on her
cheek bones and her mouth painted into a savage cupid's
bow" (p. 256). Shortly she begins to talk, playing with
all of the sordid details of her experience so that "sud
denly Horace realized that she was recounting the experi
ence with actual pride, a sort of naive and impersonal
vanity. ..." (p. 259) From then on, seeing her through
the macabre scenes with Red is somewhat anti-climactic, for
we are now ready for almost anything.
On the fatal night that she takes Popeye1s dare and
meets Red, we realise that a man's life means nothing in
the face of her passion. But her selfishness on this
occasion does not explain the lie she later tells in court
about the murder of Tommy. With Red it is carnal desire.
With Goodwin it is--we know not what. But we do know that,
at this point, Temple hits her lowest mark. It could
hardly have been for hatred of Lee. Was it fear of Popeye?
Surely not. The first words she spoke to Horace indicated
that she was not afraid of the gunman. Even if she had
been, she, a judge's daughter, would have had complete
police protection. Here is a serious gap in character
portrayal because, even If she had wanted to be outraged,
50
she surely would have chosen another less horrible form
than the one Popeye perpetrated and continued to perpetrate.
We might be led, therefore, to give her a little sympathy
but for her vicious lie which cost an innocent man his
life. But this, after her other offenses, makes her
Faulkner*s most despicable female. Even then the evil she
personifies might have been ameliorated somewhat if we were
only allowed to know her better; but, as Irving Howe says,
"Only at moments does she spring to life. ..." Unfortun
ately these brief moments do not provide the reader with
a single glimpse into her inner workings. At best we see
only her outside, and this view provides no explanation
for the horrible things she does. The remarks of two
writers suggest that an aversion in Faulkner himself for
this girl might help explain the gaps in her characteriza
tion. Says Irving Howe, "So contemptuous is Faulkner of
her values that he is unable to illuminate her motives and
responses.And Malln, by way of explaining her "evil
act" in letting Lee hang, says:
Faulkner hates Temple . . . knowing well that she and
her youthful counterparts like what they are doing but
don't want to admit it. (p. 39)
But hatred of a character cannot justify this type of
irresponsibility. And Faulkner, once out of the "cheap"
l^Wllllam Faulkner: A Critical Study (New York, 1952),
P. 145-
51
frame of mind which fathered Sanctuary, realizes it.
Probably he even regrets it, and so he writes Requiem for
a Nun partly in an effort to make Temple whole. Unfortun
ately for his characters, he chiefly uses moralism for his
filling, "empty moralism."17 Even so, in Requiem Temple
is, morally, far superior to the Temple of Sanctuary.
True, the old Temple is easily recognizable in Requiem
for a Nun. She is still Faulkner's most evil female.
O'Connor, in discussing her brutal plan to fly home with
the brother of her old lover, Red, succinctly reminds us
that she is still a part of the old Temple of Sanctuary
when he says that she is "Intrigued by the possibility of
18
escape from virtue." And her physical characteristics
are much the same in both books. In Requiem for a Nun she
is brittle and enameled, her motions are jerky, she must
constantly manipulate a glass or a cigarette, and she is
given to surface talk which leaps from one idea to another
and back again and which is obviously a pitiful effort to
conceal her inner turmoil. But there is a basic differ
ence in the later work: Temple is suffering partly
through a concern for someone else, not entirely for her
self, as was the case in Sanctuary. And herein lies the
-^Geismar, American Moderns, p. 98.
3-8Tangled Fire, p. 158.
52
core of the morality (empty or not) of Requiem for a Nun,
This quality about her is the book's principal statement of
affirmation. Perhaps Edmund Fuller had this idea in mind
when he said: "With his sequel Faulkner did unmistakably
lift Sanetuar.y to a different level and category, whatever
the other successes or failures of the venture. "^-9 Suffer
ing for another is intended to be Temple's redemption,
insofar as she can be redeemed through suffering "Not for
anything; just suffering. Just because it is good for
you" (Requiem, p. 152).
If only she could have come through as something more
than a vessel for this suffering! In Requiem for a Nun,
which he calls Faulkner's "strangest book," O'Connor finds
Temple seemingly "like a mannequin mouthing sentiments
foreign to her porcelain-and-paper being 1'20 yet Temple's
characterization in Requiem is more consistent, more con
tinuously in view. She does not fade in and out as she
did in Sanctuary. Why, then, is she much less interesting
in Requiem for a Nun than in the earlier work? For one
thing, the audacious, unpredictable action of Sanctuary
lifts her to exciting, if sometimes unexplainable, heights.
The action of Requiem stays on one level, held there by a
J^Man in Modern Fiction (New York, 1958)* P- 105.
^ Tangled Fire, p. 158.
53
somber atmosphere which never changes. It Is as if the
action has already occurred and is lying inert, being
looked at and reacted to heavily, woodenly. All we have,
finally, are Faulkner's good Intentions, which have been
smothered by his use of a genre that does not suit him.
Obviously, then, Temple does not, cannot, come off even
so well as she does in Sanctuary■ The old Faulkner whom
we have come to admire Is seen only in the historical
chapters of Requiem, which, alas! have nothing to do with
Temple Drake Stevens.
54
LUCAS BEAUCHAMP
In The Tangled Fire of William Faulkner William Van
O'Connor has this to say: "Inevitably as Faulkner has
grown older;, the problems of his region have become more
and more profoundly Intertwined with his own commitments
and ideals" (p. 125)- And farther along he says, "In the
third period, beginning with The Hamlet [1940j, Faulkner
offers some hope for the human condition, a promise of
relief" (p. l6l). Go Down, Moses, published in 1942, would
seem to support this view. It is a collection of seven
short stories most of which concern the Negro problem.
One of these, "The Fire and the Hearth," is chiefly
devoted to Lucas Beauchamp (pronounced "Bee'Cham" in the
South) through whom Faulkner obviously wishes to say some
thing about the white man's injustice to the Negro. For
a Southerner, however, his way of saying this is remarkable
Indeed; and it surely follows that many Southerners--
because of their background, not because of their intelli-
gence--will, even if they see the writer's ultimate purpose,
resist it.
The reason for this is clear: Lucas is, in himself,
anything but a sympathetic character. Faulkner, instead
of, at least occasionally, appealing to the compassion of
55
his readers, allows his thesis to ride roughshod over
them. Only those who are already willing to see the
justice of his appeal will accept it. For one thing
Lucas's ethics are seemingly non-existent. In the course
of mulcting a salesman out of a three-hundred-dollar
divining machine, Lucas signs over a mule that does not
belong to him, even though he has ten times the purchase
money of the machine in the bank at Jefferson. Then, to
complete his conquest of the salesman, he salts the orchard
with fifty silver dollars. Finally, having acquired the
divining machine, Lucas allows his greed to drive away his
wife Molly and almost cause her death.
The reader who requires some persuasion in order to
sympathize with Lucas will not regard such chicanery as
the dodges of a helpless individual who must do what he
can to survive; for Lucas, inordinately proud that he is
one-quarter white, is arrogant, often insulting to whites
as well as to blacks, even in the face of intended
kindnesses.
Yet through all of this the reader is aware of a
stubborn authorial loyalty to Lucas that will not see him
discredited for more than an instant no matter what he has
done. Lucas even gets into absurd situations from which
Faulkner always rescues him completely. For example,
56
Lucas tips off the authorities that George Wilkins is
running a still on Roth Edmonds' land. The fact that
Lucas has been doing the same thing for twenty years on
Edmonds' property makes no difference to him--but it does
to George and his wife, Nat, who is also Lucas's daughter.
They retaliate by putting George's still in Lucas's back
yard and forty gallons of liquor on his porch just in time
for the sheriff to discover it there. Since this action
takes place early in the morning, we see Lucas looking
ridiculous in his shirttail--but only for a little while.
Shortly his unshakable dignity reasserts itself, and he
arrogantly gets out of the predicament safely--without a
single "please" or "thank you." Moreover, Lucas's proud
stand for dignity is a selfish one. He shows no concern
for other members of his race; indeed, he is as quick to
victimize them as he is the white people. If he had felt
any race loyalty at all he might have been less willing to
report George Wilkins' still to the authorities.
In yet another respect Faulkner's handling of Lucas
in "The Fire and the Hearth" weakens his case for the
colored people. The writer's art in this story, as in
others when he is working on a dazzling new character,
becomes, in many Instances, an art of ingenuity. He can
give brilliant reasons as to why this or that involved
57
situation occurs as it does; and we find ourselves
utterly fascinated as we read, thanks to his incomparable
use of suspense and of Southern speech, customs, and
scenery; but closer examination makes some of these circum
stances difficult to believe. It would, for example, be
hard to imagine a more complex train of events than that
leading up to the razor-pistol scene between Lucas and
Zack Edmonds. Furthermore, every incident in the lives of
these two which has any connection, however remote, with
this situation must fall more neatly into place than would
seem possible. We are also unconvinced by the chief
reason given for Molly's not wanting Lucas to find the
treasure. By way of explaining her attitude she gives her
version of God's words of warning: "What's rendered to My
earth, it belong to me unto I resurrect It. And let him or
her touch it and beware" (p. 102). The message implicit in
these words would seem to have little to do with the acti
vities of Lucas; yet Molly is said to think otherwise and
for this reason she insists upon a divorce to end their
marriage of forty-five years.
Moreover, the comedy in this story, though delightful
in itself, lessens the effectiveness of the Lucas theme
because much of the humor seems to be put in for its own
sake. In a discussion between Lucas and George Wilkins we
58
see an example of this isolated fun. George has bought a
new still with money that Lucas has been coerced into giv
ing him and Nat for improvements on their home. Now George
is worried over what Nat will say about his misuse of the
money. He says to Lucas: "What I can't keep from study
ing about is what we gonter tell Nat about that back porch
and well."
"What we is?" Lucas said.
"What I is, then," George said.
Lucas looked at him for a moment. "George Wilkins,"
he said.
"Sir," George said.
"I don't give no man advice about his wife," Lucas
said. (p. 77)
And the end of the chapter comes like a descending curtain.
Wonderful humor, timing, and dialect--but the whole inci
dent is contrived insofar as the action is concerned.
On occasions the humor takes the form of minstrel
jokes. For example, after the moonshinlng activities of
both Lucas and George have been found out, Lucas reminds
George that the latter is in trouble.
"Yes sir," George said. "Hit look like it is.
I hope it gonter be a lesson to me."
"I hope so too," Lucas said. "When they get done
sending you to Parchman you'll have plenty of time
between working cotton and corn you ain't going to
get no third and fourth of even, to study it." They
looked at one another.
"Yes, sir," George said, "Especially wid you there
to help me worry hit out." (p. 68)
59
Does this dialogue develop character? Not at all.
George is not this clever; and, if he were, he is so in
awe of Lucas that he would never have the last word with
him. But the joke is such a good one that Faulkner cannot
leave it out.
In another instance we see the conclusion of Lucas and
George's trial. The judge speaks to an aide:
"Henry . . . have you got that whiskey where you can
pour it out?"
"Yes, judge," the other said.
"And both those stills where you can chop them to
pieces, destroy them good?"
"Yes, Judge."
"Then clear my office. Get them out of here.
Get that jimber-jawed clown out of here at least."
"He's talking about you, George Wilkins," Lucas
murmured.
"Yes, sir," George said. "Sound like he is." (p. 7^-)
Lucas and George are, in such instances, nothing more
than a comedy team. But we may note one important fact:
Lucas himself is never without dignity. George, yes.
Lucas, no. And this is what Faulkner is trying to say
finally--that people of all colors are human beings. True
enough, Lucas is the only colored person that he seems to
say this of and that apparently because Lucas has some
white blood. But it is a beginning. The seed is there,
and we shall see him go much farther with this theme in a
later work.
Intruder in the Dust followed the original version of
"The Fire and the Hearth" (called "A Point of Law") by more
60
than six years. Meanwhile Faulkner had been wrestling
with the major social problem of the South. His handling
of Lucas in this later work is indicative of the progress
he had made, not only in his social thinking but also in
his art. Basically the personality of this important
character remains reasonably consistent from the first work
to the later one. Lucas's arrogance continues to manifest
itself in his every move, however small. Even the immin
ence of death by lynching takes nothing from his speech,
blunt at times to the point of insult. Typical is his
peremptory address to the boy, Chick Mallison, when Lucas
is in jail: "You, young man .... Tell your uncle I
wants to see him." Gavin Stevens, the lawyer, because he
Is a humanitarian, comes to the jail in response to this
curt summons. After some discussion with Stevens, the
shrewd Lucas realizes that he needs help other than what
an attorney can give. But he is seemingly too proud to
ask a favor. He wants to hire somebody. In this connec
tion the words "I'm gonter pay you" almost become a refrain,
which he throws out, first at the uncle and then at the
nephew. This act, which would be an affront even if spoken
by a white man, marks one of Lucas's highest pitches of
insult. He wants someone to do a job for him that money
cannot buy. It would have to be done for a stronger reason
61
than gold could supply. It involves digging up the body
of a murdered man, and this under the most dangerous of
circumstances. Yet he takes the attitude that money will
make anything possible.
When the horrible crisis has passed and Lucas is
saved, we get another interesting glimpse of his impervi
ousness to the gentler feelings. Gavin Stevens advises
Lucas to go see Miss Habersham, the old lady who has
risked her life to help save him because, according to
Irving Malin, she was "motivated by the need to see jus
tice prevail in the contemporary South" (p. 4l).
"What do you want me to tell her?" asks Lucas.
"You can't," Stevens answered. "You don't know
how to say thank you. I've got that fixed too. Take
her some flowers." (p. 184)
In Intruder in the Dust Lucas continues, moreover, to
wear his badges of lineage, more conspicuously than ever
perhaps: the worn black broadcloth suit, the worn fine
hat, the heavy watch chain, and the gold toothpick (all
heirlooms); and (on Saturdays) he carries the ancient
forty-one Colt pistol, just as his white ancestor, old
Carothers McCaslin, had formerly done.
Yet, despite all of these objectionable features,
Lucas is much more acceptable in the novel than in "The
Fire and the Hearth." For one thing, a subtle touching
up here and there makes him into a much more convincing
62
person in Intruder. Here his total personality is more
consistent with that of a character who is called upon to
look the threat of violent death in the face and remain
not only calm, collected, and dignified, but aggressive as
well. Gone is the gullibility of "The Fire and the
Hearth." This dominant figure, Lucas, as we see him in
Intruder, would not believe idle tales of buried treasure
as he did in the earlier story, nor would he hope to dis
cover it by means of a divining machine, nor are there
any more of the minstrel jokes that he once worked with
that natural comedian, George Wilkins.
And, even more on the positive side, we get in the
novel a few glimpses of Lucas which serve to make him into
a being more capable of human emotions, of warm relation
ships ’ with others. By far the most outstanding example of
this occurs when Lucas, after having been released from
jail, pays a visit to Gavin Stevens and engages Chick,
Gavin's nephew, in a bantering conversation which harks back
to their first meeting several years before. Lucas speaks
first:
"Young man" courteous and intractable, more than
bland: downright cheerful almost, removing the raked
swagger of the hat: "You ain't fell in no more creeks
lately, have you?"
"That's right," he said. "I'm saving that until
you get some more ice on yours."
"You'll be welcome without waiting for a freeze,"
Lucas said. (p. 183)
And the Lucas of shabby tricks is likewise no more.
He even risks his life to preserve his personal integrity
in connection with the lumber-stealing incident that had
brought about the murder for which he was falsely accused.
He plainly tells Crawford Gowrie, one of the thieves and
the subsequent murderer of his own brother, Vinson, that
if he, Lucas, does not see evidence that Mr. Workitt, the
owner of the lumber, has received his share of the lumber
money, he will have to tell what he knows about the theft.
The Lucas we knew in the earlier story would have settled
for hush money. Here he is concerned with honesty at all
costs.
It is true that in Intruder in the Dust Lucas is
still apparently an independent agent, unconcerned for the
welfare of his race. He is even proud of having no
friends among them. But this seeming independence no
longer weakens Faulkner's thesis as it did in "The Fire
and the Hearth" because in the novel Lucas not only is a
more consistent and acceptable character, but also has
attained the status of a symbol--a symbol of the white
man's injustice to the Negro. Through Lucas, Faulkner
treats realistically the problem as it applies to all of
the Negro race, and under these conditions Lucas's arro
gance becomes more understandable. Furthermore we begin
64
to comprehend the reason why Lucas can insult white people
without suffering for it. (Faulkner's wonderfully
ingenious explanations, with which he saves Lucas again
and again, will not sufflce--only the symbol explanation
is valid.)
But, since this arrogance is such a burden for a char
acter to carry, why does Faulkner load his protagonist
down with it? Could he not have communicated his thesis
more easily without it? The answer, which is "No," may be
explained in much the same way as his use of horror and
violence (so much condemned by some critics). It is his
way of showing his revulsion for a given situation.
Inasmuch as Lucas's extreme arrogance stems from overwhelm
ing pride in his lineage, the use of such arrogance is, on
the most immediate level, a highly-lndignant Faulkner's
way of deploring the ancient practice among some slave
owners of using females as if they had no human feelings.
And on still another level it is an implicit condemnation
of racial prejudice in all of its forms as it exists
t o d a y . 21 With this ^^nderstanding we can finally begin to
PI
Still another reason for the extreme degree of
arrogance in the character of Lucas must be added. It is
an authorial perverseness which manifests itself in connec
tion with an "underdog" character who asserts himself.
When they rebel, Faulkner's underdogs seldom strike back
in the diffident, tentative, albeit courageous, manner that
once might well expect--for example, as seen in the manner
65
see Lucas, not as a person to be merely despised, but as
one who might have been different if he had been given
the chance.
In all of Faulkner’s writings in which the Negro
people "endure," by which he really means that they
conquer, we see no better example of the Negro's triumph
over the white man than in the final scene of Intruder--
Lucas's payoff. He will not be beholden to anyone: "I
pays my way." And so he does pay Gavin Stevens the fee
he asks for his legal services--two dollars, doled out
tediously in small coins. And--
"Now what?" his uncle said. "What are you waiting
for now?"
"My receipt," Lucas said.
of Oliver Twist asking for a second helping. Faulkner's
rebels, usually poor whites or Negroes, though they may
be defying long-established tradition, act in fully-
developed manner, at times with impertinent, even cruel,
refinements which add greatly to the audacity of their
rebellion. Though the author can make a rebellion of this
sort convincing, he handles it as he does, not because of
the logic inherent in the situation, but because of a
deep-seated desire to add additional hurt to a frustration
that is already tormenting him.
66
EULA SNOPES
Eula Snopes is a very important person to William
Faulkner, not only for the purposes of his novels but for
personal reasons as well, it would seem. One is reminded
of a parallel case--that of Sinclair Lewis and Leora
Arrowsmith, who, it has been said, was Lewis’s ideal
woman; and the fact that the sum total of Eula's charac
ter inclines toward the negative side need not weaken the
analogy. Lewis's Leora was certainly not the intellectual
type herself; moreover she was somewhat lazy and inclined
toward sloppiness in dress; yet, if her creator's treat
ment of her is significant, he adored her for her flaws.
It is really much more audacious to say that Faulkner
worshipped Eula for her flaws, because they are boundless
and, in the final analysis, evil; but I am willing to risk
such audacity. Even while he is by implication decrying
the spell she casts over all males, Faulkner's descriptions
of her do more than justify their actions: they indicate
an overwhelming preoccupation with her sexual magnetism.
Even before he wrote The Hamlet he was enchanted by
the idea of one like Eula. His second novel, Mosquitoes,
gives us an embryonic Eula (as well as an embryonic
Faulkner), though she is here known as Genevieve Steinbauer
67
and Is of the city rather than of the country. She Is,
like Eula in The Hamlet, the embodiment of female flesh
appeal entirely unaided by the faintest glimmer of what we
commonly call intelligence. Like Eula, too, her appeal is
not limited to males of the lower order, as one might at
first suspect. Those of the higher class are equally cap
tivated by her physical charms. True, her first impres
sion Is not very prepossessing. She appears aboard Mrs.
Maurier’s yacht, the Nausikaa, as an unknown, almost
uninvited guest, barelegged, In a slightly soiled green
dress. Her grammar agrees at once with her appearance:
"Ain't you coming with us?" she asks of her companion, an
uncouth young man named Pete. She lacks the Imagination
to start a conversation herself, and her answers to others'
remarks are, at best, superficial, often consisting of
I don11 know's and non sequiturs. If she embarks on a
speech of more than three or four words she is likely to
stray off the subject, as ;ve may see in the following dis
cussion between her and Mrs. Maurier1s niece, Patricia,
concerning an expression used by a certain shabbily-
dressed man named (Jenny nearly forgets the name) Faulkner.
"It sounds good," the other [Patricia] said. "You
didn't think it up yourself, did you?" "No. It was a
fellow told me. There was two couples of us at the
market one night getting coffee; me and Pete and a
girl friend of mine and another fellow. We had been to
Mandeville on the boat that day, swimming and dancing.
68
Say, there was a man drowneded at Mandevllle that day.
Pete and Thelma, my girl friend, and Ray, this girl
friend of mine's fellow, saw it. I didn't see it
because I wasn't with them. I didn't go bathing with
them: it was too sunny. I don't think blondes ought
to expose themselves to hot sun like brunettes, do
you?" (p. 144)
Little time passes, however, before we realize that
she can do nothing that will cool the ardor of all the
able-bodied males aboard the Nausikaa. And the author, we
feel, seldom takes his eyes off her. Throughout the novel
we get little snapshots with prurient overtones, such as
these:
The wind was in her dress, molding it, and clasping
her hands about the rail she let herself swing backward
to the full stretch of her arms while the wind molded
her thighs.
and
"Gee," said Jenny, creasing her young belly, hanging
out over the water, xvhile wind molded and flipped her
little skirt, revealing the pink backs of her knees
against her stockings, (p. 74)
And later, at the conclusion of an impromptu swimming
party, Pete attempts to help Jenny out of the water into
a tender; she is attired in a borrowed bathing suit, which,
of course, fits her "a shade too well":
She hung like an expensive doll-confection from his
hands, raising at lax Intervals a lovely white leg. . . .
The niece swam up and thrust at Jenny's sweet thighs
until Jenny tumbled at last into the tender in a soft
blonde abandon: a charming awkwardness, (p. 81)
Still later, Mr. Talliaferro, mature gentleman and
somewhat obtuse (until this moment a sort of J. Alfred
69
Prufrock), now well under Jenny's spell, comes upon her
asleep In a deck chair "Blonde and pink and soft in
sleep. . . ."
and while he stood regarding the sprawled awkwardness
of Jenny's sweet thighs and legs and one soiled hand
across her hip, that surge of imminence and fire and
desolation seemed to lightly distend all his organs,
leaving a thin salty taste on his tongue, (p. 127)
The female guests with clean hands go unnoticed.
Apparently Jenny's hygienic condition is more natural than
theirs and ties up well with the fact that her "breath was
a little regular wind come recently from off fresh milk."
Leaning over her as she becomes fully awake, Mr. Talllaferro
Jabbers, "Wake princess with a kiss." Greater incongruity
of mood can hardly be conceived than that implied in
Jenny's reaction: "Heaving herself up, Jenny answers with
'Whatcher doing, you old ___________ .
Faulkner never lets his story interfere with Jenny's
mammalian activities. On two occasions we see her,
totally unconcerned, remove her clothing and comb her hair.
(She had brought only a comb and some rouge by way of
equipment for a week-end cruise.) Even the females among
the guests come under her physical spell. Once it is Mrs.
Maurier's niece (who the reader thinks until nearly the
end of the story is going to assert herself as the heroine
but whom Jenny totally eclipses without knowing it), who is
70
carried so far out of herself that she rhythmically strokes
with the back of her hand Jenny's bare leg. And Mrs. Wise
man, on two occasions, exhibits a decided physical interest
in her. The implication of these incidents is, as I see
it, that Jenny's physical magnetism is at times so strong
as to transcend the bounds of gender. Indeed it seems to
be one of the principal things that the writer has to say
In this novel. Certainly it Is his most obvious utterance.
In The Hamlet, Jenny, now become Eula Varner, con
tinues almost to the point of caricature as a version of
the ultimate in female sexual attributes. Critics like
O'Connor and Robert Penn Warren approximately reflect
Faulkner's language in their remarks about her: "the pagan
ripening of spring and summer," "a kind of fertility or
earth goddess," "the ungirdled goddess of Frenchman's
Bend." We shall see, hoivever, that she is in certain
respects superior to Jenny. For one thing, thanks partly
to the fact that Faulkner, the man and the writer, is
maturing, she has shed some of the implied nastiness which
enveloped her in Mosquitoes. Eula's role, however, is still
that of unconscious wrecker of all mankind (this time such
a function is necessary to the story), and Faulkner gives
her an early start toward this destructive career. When
only twelve years old she was already bigger than most
71
grown women, even then more mature than most could ever
hope to be, and she emerges from Faulkner's private temple
of worship in this form: "her entire appearance suggested
some symbology out of the old Dionysic times--honey in
sunlight and bursting grapes, the wrlthen bleeding of the
crushed fecundated vine beneath the hard rapacious trampling
goat hoof" (p. 107)* And at school:
By merely walking down the aisle between them she would
transform the very wooden desks and benches themselves
into a grove of Venus and fetch every male in the room,
from the children just entering puberty to the grown
men . . . springing into embattled rivalry, importunate
each for precedence in immolation, (p. 130)
Passages such as these--and they are numerous--serve
to keep us reminded that Faulkner is present, not only as
writer but also as man; and, as if to make his Eula even
more devastating, he endows her with a sort of intuitive
wi s dom :
She seemed to be not a living integer of her contem
porary scene but rather to exist in a teeming vacuum
in which her days followed one another as though behind
sound-proof glass, where she seemed to listen in sullen
bemusement, with a weary wisdom heired of all mammalian
maturity, to the enlarging of her own organs, (p. 107)
It is the sort of wisdom apart from books, in a sense,
the antithesis of this sort of knowledge. Labove, her
teacher, realizes this at once:
He took one look and saw what her brother would doubt
less be the last to discern. He saw that she not only
was not going to study but there was nothing in books
here or anywhere else that she would ever need to
know. (p. 129)
72
It is a wisdom that ignores the overt facts of life,
or rather, is impervious to them, insulating Eula from all
normal implications. When the teacher, Labove, obsessed
for years with her image, attempts to possess her, she
does not comprehend his actions. Her reaction, like
Jenny’s to Mr. Talllaferro, is merely one of naive dis
taste for physical discomfort: "Stop pawing me," she
said, "you old headless horseman Ichabod Crane" (p. 138);
she never even mentions the affair to her father because,
in the words of Labove himself, "She doesn't even know
anything happened that was worth mentioning." (pp. 143-
144)
Yet this "wisdom" in its elusiveness, its vagueness,
Is a very convenient one for the purposes of the novel.
And, because Eula has a basic function in The Hamlet,
something which her counterpart in Mosquitoes lacked
altogether, it is necessary that some quality which will
pass for intelligence be used at certain times to faintly
Illuminate from within the triumphal castle of flesh that
is Eula. Her affair with the McCarron boy implies a
certain imaginative choice which even partakes of creativ
ity. We may well believe that she wilfully selected him
from among her suitors to be her seducer, and we know that
she violently defended the one of her choice from the fury
73
of his rivals but short moments before her seduction was
consummated and that she, because of his broken arm, was
more active in this consummation than was he. Here is
Faulkner's most convincing illustration of Eula's peculiar
brand of wisdom in its active phase. (Her character may
even be possibly Interpreted as an argument favoring the
superiority of blind unschooled natural forces over
inhibiting schooled, artificial forces of civilization.)
Late in the novel we see this plastic wisdom in its
most recessive stage. Only under such a condition can
Eula's marriage to Flem Snopes be explained. And for the
purposes of Faulkner's newest and one of his most
fascinating overall theses this marriage must take place.
It is the basis--and a most engaging one it is--on which
Flem is to build his empire, the accomplishing of which is
to be at the heart of that great novel, The Town.
And so Eula Snopes moves from Frenchman's Bend to
Jefferson with her husband, Flem, and her baby. There
they live in a tent behind the restaurant that Flem owns
In partnership with Grover Cleveland Winbush. Our first
glimpse of her in her new life gives us back a bit of the
Eula of Frenchman's Bend. She looks undressed even when
fully clothed, for, in the words of Faulkner, if we
followed her long enough her garments "would wilt and fail
74
from that mere plain and simple striding which would shred
them away like the wheel of a constellation through a wisp
and cling of trivial scud” (p. 10). But there is a new
note about her now, a spiritual note. Despite the sugges
tion of nudity in her every motion, she walks now in an
"aura of decorum and modesty." It is proper that we be
informed early of this change because the writer, though
still enamored of her body, must take her to far greater
spiritual heights than the Eula we knew in The Hamlet
appeared capable of; and she must shed, convincingly if
possible, the grossness, the insensitivity, which marked
her in that novel. In my opinion the writer cannot
accomplish this metamorphosis without violating consistency
in the character of Eula as we kr.ew her in Frenchman's
Bend. We shall see, however, that he gains far more by
this infraction than he loses by it. Let us follow her
closely as Faulkner marks his changes in her nature.
Eula has been in Jefferson a short time only when she
and Mayor Manfred de Spain, a very worthy young man,
become lovers. 'With the exception of the idealist lawyer,
Gavin Stevens, everyone in Jefferson, including Flem him
self, seems to know about their alliance; but Flem is true
to his old self of The Hamlet; and he is willing, therefore,
to feign ignorance in order that a grateful mayor may help
75
him along his material way. For Flem the time to strike
is not yet.
As Faulkner handles it, there is something honest,
almost noble, about the illicit love affair between Eula
and Manfred. And the reader's respect for Eula rises even
higher at the annual Christmas Ball given by the Cotillion
Club of Jefferson. Here de Spain, among other things a
youthful cutup, flaunts his success with Eula for the
benefit of his rival, Gavin Stevens, by dancing with her
in such a way as to shock the elite of Jefferson. Eula,
however, reveals her essential purity by unconsciously
dancing as de Spain wishes "because she was alive and not
ashamed." De Spain, too, more than ever, realizes the
real worth of his mistress and feels properly inferior to
her.
In the course of the story Eula figures in two big
scenes with Faulkner's alter ego, Gavin Stevens. The
difference between the Eula of the first scene and that
of the second is a fair measure of the tremendous change
that takes place in her character within a period of
twenty years. In the first one she pays a prearranged
night call at his office. Obviously she has come to save
Manfred or Flem from prosecution for malfeasance in office.
Gavin soon discovers that Flem is the one. But that is not
76
the main point of the meeting. What is important here is
that Eula, out of her ancient obtuseness, believes that
giving herself to Gavin will make everything all right.
With her the whole arrangement is nothing more than the
exchange of coin. Her first act on entering Gavin's
office is to examine the room. Meanwhile Gavin's whole
sensitive world is being turned upside down, torn apart,
and scattered in countless directions, when Eula speaks:
"I thought it would be all right here," she said.
"Here?" I [Gavin] said. "Do it here. In your office.
You can lock the door and I don't imagine there'll be
anybody high enough up this late at night to see in the
window." (p. 91)
Somehow the reader feels that she is suggesting these
precautions simply to protect Gavin. Gavin's Imagination,
of course, overwhelms him, and he refuses Eula's offer;
whereupon she gives him a succinct lecture out of the
depth of her natural wisdom:
"You spend too much time expecting," she said. "Don't
expect. You just are, and you need, and you must, and
so you do. That's all! Don't waste time expecting."
(p. 94)
Gavin takes this naturistic advice to heart to live with
and think on forever, realizing that Eula is, as always,
right. (The superior, unashamed woman of the Christmas
Ball has again spoken out of truth.) But Gavin will not
surrender and so sends Eula, not disappointed, not anything,
out Into the night whence she came.
77
The second important scene between these two takes
place much later in the story. A great deal has happened
since the incident in Gavin's office. By now Flern, never
resting, has slipped almost unobserved into the office of
vice president in the old Sartoris bank, and he is now
engaged in acquiring all of the appurtenances of high
office, Including a proper home and family. But Gavin
Stevens is now battling Snopesism in the open. His most
immediate project in the conflict is to get Eula's daugh
ter, Linda, into a college outside of Jefferson so that
she may spend some of her time away from the area of con
tamination. It is this situation which brings him to
visit Mrs. Snopes alone In her home.
Thoughts of Eula's great physical past are now present
in retrospect only (referring to Faulkner and Gavin alone;
Eula was never aware of her body even when she was young).
The mental, the spiritual, qualities are in the ascend
ancy. Gavin, on entering the Snopes sitting room, is not
greeted by a heavy-lidded Eula in deshabille lying on a
voluptuous couch. The person who meets him is something
of a shock to us all; she is a quiet, dignified woman of
thirty-six, wearing a cotton dress such as she had worn
sixteen years earlier, her hair still unbobbed, looking
at the caller "not brazenly, not with welcome, not with
78
anything.” Coffee service awaits them in the latest
respectable standardized mode at a low table faced by
two chairs.
The discussion which follows sees the sensitive,
emotional poetic verbal flow of Gavin bouncing off Eula's
hard, logical reasoning. Not one sign of the young
Varner girl we knew remains. She Is far ahead of Stevens
at this moment, having lived in the stronghold of
Snopeslsm (in a state of extreme awareness, we must
assume) so long that she has wisely become a stoic in all
matters save those having to do with Linda. She would
save Linda from Snopesism, and she has a plan which, we
are to find out later, is the only way to save her
daughter. And she has the husband picked out--Gavin.
But Gavin, spiritual descendant of Colonel John Sartoris,
who always knew what to do and did it, has been maimed
by too many kinsmen between him and Colonel John, who,
to escape reality, too frequently visited the sideboard
decanter or quoted Horace instead of thinking and acting.
He remembers Eula's advice from the night she visited his
office, but he cannot take this advice. He can only think
about it and paraphrase it and turn it into sonnets.
Like Faulkner's Old South he is consciously, valiant
ly, lost. And so, because Eula's plan falls, Flem closes
79
in at last and becomes president of the Sartoris bank.
And Eula, who twenty years before could not be touched
by anything that did not immediately affect her creature
comfort, is driven to the last resort of sensitive minds,
suicide.
The less said in summary here about the consistency
of Eula's character the better. The fact that we cannot
associate the early Eula in our minds with the dignified
tragic figure of the last chapters of The Town is comment
enough.
Faulkner's personal attachment to her has, it would
seem, been adequately demonstrated. The vast changes she
reveals are changes within him, positive changes indicat
ing a better understanding of humanity and a greater
compassion for it than he seemed to be capable of in The
Hamlet. With this development in mind let us welcome the
irreconcilable differences between the two Eulas.
80
FLEM SNOPES
Faulkner's concept of Snopesism, a mere fledgling In
his earlier works, comes of age In Flem Snopes of The
Hamlet. In Flem are combined In just the right propor
tions all of the necessary elements of Snopesism without
his possessing certain of the (sometimes admirable) weak
n e s s e s ^ which in some of the Snopeses help to attenuate
its basic characteristic--a selfish drive, untempered by
any sense of ethics or feeling of pity, toward the acquisi
tion of material possessions. No, Flem has none of these
flaws. For his purpose he is highly intelligent, and he
has a patient courage which will brook any insult until
the time Is ripe to act, at which time no fear will deter
him. Obviously his revenge is always in terms of money or
material goods; he would not venture physical revenge
because he, too, might lose a little blood. His victory
must be a total one; and, finally, it must be within the
law, legal, though seldom within the moral code. By the
end of the novel, one so compounded as Flem would lose the
pp
Though none of the clan possess Flem's many
"strengths" to the degree that he does, many are guilty of
one or more of these weaknesses. Mink Snopes, for example,
can be outraged sufficiently to give immediate and violent
expression to his fury; Eck Snopes tends to be a bit
thoughtful of others; I. 0. Snopes has an unusual weakness
for women; Launcelot Snopes is stupid; Isaac Snopes is an
idiot.
81
appeal of human Interest by becoming a symbol if he had
not been put together by a master craftsman who can In his
prose recreate any Illiterate Mississippi farmer's most
subtle mannerism, from his actions of whittling and
spitting to those connected with mutely suffering from
deprivation and stark death. This incomparable gift helps
keep Flem alive for us every moment.
We first see Flem as Jody Varner visits the Snopeses,
fearful that Flem1s father, Ab, who has leased a Varner
farm, might decide to resort to an old practice of his and
burn a barn on the land he is working. After a rather
unsatisfactory conference with Ab, Jody starts back home,
still worried about his property--when:
One moment the road had been empty, the next moment
the man stood there beside it, at the edge of a small
copse--the same cloth cap, the same rhythmically
chewing jaw materialized apparently out of nothing. .
• • (P • 2 5 )
The man is Flem; and the reader, after some reflec
tion, realizes that his appearance is not accidental.
Already Flem's shrewd mind has seized on all of the impli
cations of Jody's visit and has taken them far beyond the
moment. Even now his empire is a-building; and he, full
of this fact, is ready to start on the lowest rung of his
climb to fortune and to wait patiently for the next step
upward. Varner, desperate for the good will of any member
82
of the Snopes family, attempts to ingratiate himself.
Flem lets him do most of the talking. At the proper
instant in the one-sided conversation, Flem intersperses
an opinion xvhich, under the circumstances, is not very
comforting to Jody: "Ain't no benefit in farming. I
figure on getting out of it soon as I can." And a moment
later he adds a question which is closely related: "You
run a store, don't you?" (p. 26) Flem is already as good
as working in Varner's store. We learn early in the novel
that family solidarity has no place in Snopesism when
Varner about an hour later has an insight: "Hell fire,"
he tells hirnself, "He was standing just exactly where
couldn't nobody see him from the house" (p. 27). Flem's
journey to Snopes Heaven is to be alone.
In due time, Flem comes to work at the Varner store.
He is distant and seldom speaks to anyone except in line
of duty. In short order, though the scene is but a
weather-beaten country general merchandise store, we
become suddenly aware of an impersonal machlne--llke force
in action new to Frenchman's Bend. Once customers had
come to the store and, if a clerk was not present, had
served themselves, putting the proper amount of money into
a cigar box reserved for the purpose. Now Flem is always
present, and he alone handles the money. At the end of
83
the first week of the new regime, Will Varner himself comes
to his store and, sitting on the front porch, orders a plug
of chewing tobacco. Flem brings it to him, but continues
to stand at Will's elbow. "Hey?" Varner said, "What?"
"You ain't paid for it," the clerk said. "The tobacco. .
. ." The old serene personal world so dear to the tradi
tionalist is on the way out of Frenchman's Bend--and even
V. K. Ratliff cannot call it back.
Flem1s next step is to move from the farm to the ham
let, and to further establish himself as a respectable mem
ber of the community, he attends church on the first Sunday
of his residence, wearing a recently-acquired bow tie of
microscopic size which is to be his trademark from that day
on.
Flem's next move is to take over the more important
job of cotton buying while Jody tends the store. Formerly
Jody had looked after both store and the cotton, sometimes
keeping a wagon standing on the scales for forty-five min
utes. "But that was all right," Faulkner interposes.
"Things got along just as well" (p. 67)* But the vanguard
of Snopesism often has seeming positive qualities: with
the coming of Flem nobody has to wait long for his reckon
ing. Faulkner gives us a snapshot of Flem at his new
job :
84
the still impenetrable, steadily-chewing face throned
behind the scale-beam, the cloth cap, the minute
tie. . . .
In a few months it is a well-known fact that, although
Will Varner had never been known to pay much for anything,
the once-penniless farmer who came to work in his store
has become a money lender of amounts from twenty-five
cents on up to a "considerable sum." It is a well-known
fact only because such knowledge is good, business for
Flem. As a practice he continues to be tight-lipped. For
example, the villagers are curious about the ownership of
an increasingly fine herd of cattle in Varner's pasture.
Will himself says they belong to Snopes. On being asked
if they are his, Flem answers characteristically: "They're
in Varner's pasture." But his questioner persists: "But
Will says they are yourn." And Snopes turned his head and
spit and says, "They're in Varner's pasture" (p. 70).
In the months that follow, Flem's cousins begin to
take over various jobs in the hamlet. Obviously Flem Is
their commander and, finally, Jody in desperation con
fronts the phlegmatic Flem with this question:
How many more is there? How much longer is this going
on? Just what is It going to cost me to protect one
goddam barn full of hay? (p. 76)
Flem's answer is not recorded, but we may well assume that
it is a noncommittal one. Nor does Jody expect an answer.
85
His question Is purely rhetorical, an emotional outpour
ing. On a relatively primitive level he is attempting to
cope with a ramification of the same problem which is
beginning to eat on a more aware Ratliff and which is to
dominate Ratliff's life and that of Gavin Stevens in
The Town.
With Varner's store as his operating base, Flem con
tinues a life involving numberless deals, which usually
enrich him. If a venture occasionally goes badly for him,
Flem immediately pays in full, aware that such procedure
is, in the long nun, good business; it will make possible
other transactions from which he can profit.
Flem's greatest coup In The Hamlet reveals the
strength of the man, a strength which derives from the
fact that he will stop at nothing legal to further his
design. He marries Eula Varner to give her Illegitimate
baby a name, but obviously he does not do so for noble
reasons. Such a move gets him a firmer hold on part of
the Varner empire. Specifically he receives the value of
the Old Frenchman1s place in money with an option to buy
the property at the same price when he so desires. Mean
while he takes Eula to Texas for the birth of her child.
On the day of their return, a tall Texas man shows up with
a herd of wild ponies which he sells at auction to the
86
farmers about Frenchman's Bend.
Knowing what we now know about Flem, the signs are
clear that he is in partnership with the Texan, and his
laconic denial of this association but confirms our
suspicions. More important in the delineation of Flem,
however, is an apparently minor incident growing out of
the pony episode. One of the farmers present at the
auction is Henry Armstid, who, over his wife's objections,
insists upon buying one of the ponies with money his wife
has earned weaving. Seeing the pitiful figure of the
woman as she pleads with Henry not to buy a pony, the
Texan refuses to sell to him and gives the five dollars
to Flem to keep for Mrs. Armstid. On the following day,
the ponies all sold, the Texan departs. Mrs. Armstid and
Henry, however, are obliged to remain in Frenchman's Bend
because Henry has been hurt in his effort to capture the
pony he insists he has bought. After she has helped Mrs.
Littlejohn clean house and wash the dishes to pay for her
family's lodging, Mrs. Armstid sets out for Varner's
store. There follows a scene of brutality seldom equalled
in American literature. Flem, now manager of the store, is
seated on the porch chewing and whittling along with sever
al others when one of the loungers sees Mrs. Armstid
approach. For all of her life of farm drudgery and her
87
cheap worn clothing, Mrs- Armstid is a woman, a Southern
woman, who has an instinctive womanly reticence, a
feminine modesty, that makes her journey to the store,
loaded with gap-mouthed loafers, one of the most diffi
cult acts that she would ever be called upon to perform.
And all of them watched Mrs. Armstid appi’oach and
mount the steps, gaunt in the shapeless gray garment,
the stained tennis shoes hissing faintly on the boards.
She came among them and stood, facing Snopes but not
looking at anyone, her hands rolled into her apron.
"He said that he wouldn't sell Henry that horse," she
said in a flat toneless voice. "He said you had the
money and I could get it from you." Snopes raised his
head and turned it slightly again and spat neatly past
the woman, across the gallery and into the road, "He
took all the money ivith him when he left," he said.
Motionless, the gray garment hanging in rigid, almost
formal folds like drapery in bronze, Mrs. Armstid
appeared to be watching something near Snopes's feet,
as though she had not heard him. . . . (pp. 360-361)
By now only the loutish clerk and a small boy are watching
the poor woman's torture. The other males have some
decency. Mrs. Armstid steels herself to speak once more:
"He said Henry hadn't bought no horse," she said.
"He said I could get the money from you." "I reckon
he forgot it," Snopes said. He took all the money
with him when he left." He watched her a moment
longer and then he trimmed again at the stick.
(p. 361)
After horrible seconds of waiting, Mrs. Armstid starts
to leave, almost apologetically. Then--"closing his knife
with his thumb and brushing a litter of minute shavings
from his lap," Flem halts her with the words "Wait a
minute.' ..." And what a minute it is I Ratliff's broken
88
thought gives this minute its significance: "Because
she can't possibly believe. . . . Anymore than I do."
Snopes enters the store and returns
carrying a small striped paper bag and approached Mrs.
Armstid. "Here," he said. Her hand turned just
enough to receive it. "A little sweetening for the
chaps," he said. . . . "You're right kind," she said.
This gesture of the candy, for which Flem (in keeping
with the tenets of the new order), paid his nickel, plumbs
the depths of Snopesism. His giving Mrs. Armstid the candy
is not intended as a fiendish embellishment to the wrong
he has already served her. By this act we know that,
according to his own lights, Flem has acted properly in
refusing to return the five dollars. Henry Armstid had
Insisted that he was buying the pony even though the
Texan had been human enough to refuse to sell it to him.
Flem, as his partner, had merely overridden the Texan's
decision.
Flem's monstrous lack of sensitivity further enhances
the instinctive decency of Mrs. Armstid in accepting his
gift. Even in her despair her feelings are too delicate
to allow her to refuse the candy. After she has gone the
clerk, one of Flem's "cousins," seals off the physical
part of the incident when he "cackled suddenly, explosive
ly, chortling. He slapped his thigh. 'By GodJ 1 he said,
'you can't beat him.'" (p. 363) Even one fairly low in
89
the Snopes hierarchy recognizes his cousin's behavior as
something to be remarked about.
In the light of this incident Flem's last big deal
before leaving Frenchman's Bend for a greater world to
conquer seems almost anticlimactic. This time he even
fools shrewd Ratliff by hiding some gold coins about the
old Frenchman's place, which he has now bought from Varner.
Believing the old legend about buried treasure being on
the property, Ratliff, Armstid, and Bookwright pay Flem's
price for the land, only to discover by the date on the
coins they find that Snopes has taken them in. When they
make this discovery Ratliff and Bookwright give up; but
Armstid, now out of his mind, is still digging frantically
when Flem and his family pass by in their wagon enroute to
Jefferson. Flem stops for a moment alongside the crowd
of natives who have gathered to watch Henry at his work:
. . . and the heads of the men along the fence turned
to watch him pass, the faces grave, veiled too, still
looking at him when he stopped the wagon and sat,
chewing with that steady and measured thrust and look
ing over their heads into the garden, (p. 420)
For a time he watches the antics of the madman,
Armstid, untouched we now know by the enormity of his
crime within the law. At length "Snopes turned his head
and spat over the wagon wheel. He jerked the reins
slightly. 'Come up,' he said" (p. 421). At this very
90
instant Faulkner's great novel, The Town, is already
begun. The giant, Flem Snopes, is ready at hand,
unforgettably created out of his deeds and their effect
on other men. It was of this man primarily that Stephen
Vincent Benet was thinking when he said, "I doubt if a
more appalling portrait of the mean poor-white has ever
been drawn."^3
Though seventeen years elapse between the writing of
The Hamlet and The Town the identical man who left
Frenchman’s Bend arrives in Jefferson, and his appearance
and his actions hasten to confirm this fact. Still wear
ing the gray cloth cap and snap-on bow tie, still chewing
Brown's Mule with "that steady and measured thrust" of
the jaw, he takes over the half of the restaurant that
Ratliff gave him for the old Frenchman's place and sets
up housekeeping in a tent behind the restaurant. Within
six months after his arrival in the town, Flem has
eliminated his partner, Grover Cleveland Winbush, from
the restaurant and is now the sole owner. He then moves
from his tent home to a small rented house on a back
street in order to make way for Eck Snopes, another member
of his tribe, to fill the void created by Winbush, not as
23"Flem Snopes and His Kin," Saturday Review of
Literature, April 6, 19^0, p. J.
91
a partner, of course, but as an employee. And why a
Snopes? We know well that there has never been and never
will be any vestige of family solidarity in the sense of
sentimental loyalty. It is always a Snopes plainly be- •
cause Flem has financial control over everybody bearing
that name and can easily mold them to his design. As we
have already had occasion to see, however, a Snopes often
unintentionally proves Inimical to this plan. (Perhaps
he has an Idea or a scruple.) Such is the case with Eck.
His tenure in Flem's restaurant Is short-lived because he
publicly voices his puzzlement as to why there Is no beef
in the hamburgers his boss serves to his customers.
Before a year has passed, Flem has sold his restau
rant for a handsome profit and has become superintendent
of the town power plant, a post created for him by Jeffer
son's young mayor, Manfred de Spain, who Is grateful to
Flem for the favors of Flem's wife, Eula, though the hus
band is apparently not aware of his own generosity. It
Is a rare situation indeed; de Spain's largesse is really
a compounding of audacity, for his generosity, rather than
lessening the sinfulness of his offense, actually adds to
it. Only Flem Snopes, as we know him, could inspire such
a perverse show of gratitude. Though all the world may
pause at intervals for the breathlessness of love, though
92
de Spain may gamble his whole future; even his life, for
a woman's charms, Flem quietly, inexorably continues to
go, uninterrupted, about the business of turning pennies
into dollars. In his present job he is so fascinated by
the presence of gauges and other movable brass parts
which are attached to the machinery in the power plant
that he decides to sell them and pocket the money. Over
a period of time, aided by two unwilling colored employees,
he collects nearly half a ton of the metal before his plan
is uncovered. Smart well..beyond the point of knowing when
the game is up, Flem pays off and manipulates in other
ways just In time to save being seriously checked in his
drive to amass more pennies In the future. The reader
has just been served another reminder that Flem is human
and not a remote, impersonal symbol.
During the next period his actions continue to indi
cate what kind of a human being he is. After resigning
from his sinecure at the power plant, Flem falls back on
his old practice of usury (involving sums from twenty-
five cents up, we may be sure), and, incidentally, buying
stock, whenever available, in the Sartoris bank. At about
this time, being the son-in-law of Will Varner, who owns a
great deal of bank stock, and owning several shares him
self, he is active in bringing about former Mayor de Spain's
93
election as president of the bank to replace old Colonel
Bayard Sartoris, who has succumbed to a heart attack in
his grandson's automobile.
And now there are hints, especially if we listen in
on the frequent huddles of Ratliff and Gavin Stevens, to
the effect that Flem's ambitions are taking on a slightly
different color. Perhaps pennies and what they can buy
at a discount are no longer the sole object of his exis
tence, for, when the smoke surrounding de Spain's elec
tion to the bank presidency has subsided, the new vice
president is revealed as Flem himself. Now this office
has always been unimportant enough. But Flem seems to
entertain other ideas concerning its worth. On the first
day of his new post and for many days thereafter, he
appears just outside the cashier's window to watch the
money being taken in and being paid out. For a short
time he continues to dress as he always has, but then
(and this change is significant.' ) he changes his ancient
cloth cap for a black broad-brimmed politician's hat,
something which, in his primitiveness, he doubtless thinks
becomes his new station. And at this point the sensitive
reader becomes aware that, for the first time, he is
beginning to get a glimpse inside the pale, oleaginous
mass that is Flem's head. To preside over this first
94
delicate probing no one could suit Faulkner's needs as
well as Gavin Stevens, that sensitive extension of the
author himself, poet, humanist, country lawyer with an
obdurate courage despite his addiction to second thoughts
which, at times, render him almost inoperative.
This section of the book in which Gavin, on his own
very personal terms, becomes apologist for Flem's actions
past and present, is, at first consideration, almost
tantamount to a complete reversal of the opinion that
Gavin has for years been building up of Flem Snopes. As
we read we find ourselves asking the question "What is
Faulkner trying to do to us, destroy our belief in
evil'.'" And we are reminded of an idiosyncrasy of Sinclair
Lewis (often termed a weakness), which obliged him to give
his Babbitts their shining hours. As Gavin begins to
review and re-interpret the Snopes career we quickly get
a picture of Flem as an altogether pathetic farmer boy who
has always scratched for his pennies; and his appearance
at the bank each day becomes the manifestation of, not
ignorance, but of innocence and even of humility.
When the Snopes mind has grasped all of the ins and
outs of banking, Flem leaves the bank and later transfers
his money to the rival institution in Jefferson. 'Why a
vice president would do this to his own bank even wily
95
Ratliff cannot guess. He can only wait and watch for
"the bushes to move" In order to tell where Flem is
going and why. But Gavin does not pause here; he rushes
poetically along. His verbosity continues with the
idea of Flem as a wronged man who (after eighteen years)
seeks a "husband's vengeance and revenge on the man who
had not merely violated his home but outraged it--the
home which in good faith he had tried to establish around
a woman already irrevocably soiled and damanged in the
world's . . . sight and so give her bastard Infant a
name" (p. 270). To make Flem's case all the more pathetic*
Gavin also recalls that Eula's dowry* a piece of property
known as "the old Frenchman's place*" had been worthless.
But even as the reader begins to tremble in his new
knowledge* he is aware that Gavin is whitewashing deeds
for which there is no whitewash. His emotional flow is
larded with terms for ’ which there is no exoneration:
cuckoldry accepted willingly for a price* attempted
bribery* affecting the loving father to win a daughter's
legacy. Then the reader remembers Faulkner's practice*
of which Absalom, AbsalomJ is a notable example* of
allowing one character under a given set of circumstances
to pour out his ideas* only to be interrupted by another*
who would accept part* reject part* of what the first
96
one said and on the resulting basis add material of his
own to be accepted in part and rejected in part by the
first character. The result of this device is a sifting
and a refining which finally results in the author's
truth. So it was in a variant form with The Sound and
the Fury and with As I Lay Dying and, to a lesser degree,
with many other works of Faulkner.
In no other way can Gavin's near apotheosis of Flem
be interpreted. He gives us Flem as a nobly courageous
person, but this picture is nullified by his nephew's
statement given later under less emotional conditions when
he says with boyish straightforwardness that Flem was not
a man. Gavin gives us de Spain as a craven, aia opinion
which Eula nullifj.es when she says even out of the depths
of her despair: "Manfred is a man." Indeed Gavin him
self, though he doesn't seem to realize it, virtually
contradicts himself toward the end of this section of the
book. Here he is revealing, without comment for or
against, Flem's ingenious attempts to keep his daughter
from marrying, and an objective treatment of this matter
cannot but reveal Flem's evil nature. It is as if
Gavin's arguments for Flem's innocence finally fuse with
this more objective narration without his being aware of
the difference. Add to this the long history of Flem's
97
evil acts, reaching back to his treatment of Mrs. Armstid
and beyond, and Snopes stands out in relief pretty much
in accord with the view of him that the reader has long
held. This history of crime becomes doubly convincing
because of the sure consistency with which Faulkner has
brought his arch villain through the years.
Even so, Gavin's apology does constitute a sort of
charge to jury. We can no longer smugly regard Flem as
being entirely villainous because we have, for the first
time, had oblique glimpses into his thoughts, and we are
left with the uneasy conviction that he does have some
semblance of human emotions mixed up with his shrewd,
ruthless machinations.
And finally, Faulkner leaves the overwhelming idea
with us that, if we relax our moral vigil, the worse than
mediocre in our lives can triumph. In this connection
Flem's record, first in Frenchman's Bend and later In
Jefferson, provides abundant evidence so that toward the
end of the The Town, V. K. Ratliff can justifiably say of
Flem :
He had everything now that he had come to Jefferson
to get. He had more. He had things he didn't even
know he was going to want until he reached Jefferson
because he didn't even know what they was until then.
(p. 3^7)
98
And, as if to tie his message down even more firmly,
Faulkner adds a final touch: the monument on Eula's
grave, which Flem has been most careful to pay for
(though Gavin Stevens does all of the labor to procure
it), is actually a monument to F.lem--and the words on
the monument, ivhich are his, are not really in the nature
of a eulogy, but are rather a warning:
Eula Varner Snopes
1889 1927
A Virtuous Wife is a Crown to her Husband
Her Children Rise and Call Her Blessed
SUMMARY
The characters in the foregoing analyses were
selected with an eye to getting as broad a sampling as
possible from among the major figures which Faulkner has
used in more than one of his stories. Represented,
insofar as was possible in the space allotted, are people
of varying ages, white and Negro, of both sexes. It would
appear, therefore, that any generalizations growing out of
these analyses might be extended with some validity to
include most of the other principal characters who appear
in at least two of the Yoknapatawpha writings.
From this study it seems apparent that, In general,
Faulkner's artistry reveals a steady, occasionally a
phenomenal growth with each successive handling of a given
character. Notable In this connection is his increasing
ability to Integrate character and story, a development
well exemplified in the Instance of Lucas Beauchamp, whom
Faulkner carries over from "The Fire and the Hearth,"
written in 19^2, to Intruder in the Dust, written six
years later. In the short story Lucas is part buffoon,
whose comic antics are treated as an end in themselves and
tend to weaken his more important function as the protagon
ist in a serious story. In the later work Lucas's problem
100
is again the heart of the narrative- Now, however, all
of his actions are consonant with his role, making for a
convincingness that this character lacks in the short
story, despite the fact that Faulkner may have weakened
the fabric of his narrative in Intruder by occasionally
becoming a little too obviously moral.
Another closely-allied factor which contributes to
Faulkner's progressive artistic growth in character
delineation is that of economy. As the writer matures,
the dialogue and actions of his people tend to become
more immediately revelatory of their basic natures. Less
and less do mannerisms seem to be put in for their own
sakes. Again we may cite the example of Lucas Beauchamp
as he progresses in the two stories mentioned above. In
the earlier work we are for some time not quite sure
whether to accept him as an irresponsible funny man or as
a person who stands for something serious that the writer
has to say about humanity. In the later writing Lucas's
first actions reveal the man's essential dignity, which he
Is never to lose for a moment.
Still another outstanding Instance of Faulkner's
trend toward economy Is that of Dr. Lucius Peabody. In
Sartoris, though much space is devoted to him, he does not
impress us as being quite real; whereas within the brief
101
compass of half a dozen pages In As I Lay Dying, written
but a short time after Sartoris, he comes through clearly
as the wise, compassionate, country-bred doctor that the
author has surely intended him to be from the time of his
inception in Sartoris.
We see, too, that in most instances, Faulkner pre
serves a basic consistency in the character makeup of each
of the principal figures whom he carries over from one
work to another. The reason for this accomplishment may
be a very special one. We have every indication that,
except for his very latest work, Faulkner has written his
stories with no overall plan in mind, as if each one might
be his last. It would appear, therefore, that when a
major character is introduced, even though it is for the
first time, the author with his incomparable wealth of
southern lore, much of which is so strongly traditional
as to be almost static, has already largely realized that
character's potentialities and has worked out his perman
ent place in the Yoknapatawpha scene.
Any major inconsistencies that we find In the
Yoknapatawpha series are valuable, not for themselves,
but because they serve to reveal certain important char
acteristics of the author which we could not come at so
well by any other means. After analyzing Narcissa Benbow
102
Sartoris's character, for example, we felt justified In
concluding that the Narclssa of Sartoris could not be
reconciled with that of Sanctuary although these two novels
were written only two years apart- A more important find
ing, as we saw It, however, was that Faulkner, if forced
to choose, considers a current situation more important
than story-to-story consistency in a character. It Is
not that he has lost sight of his original concept of
Narcissa as she appears in Sartoris. He reestablishes
harmony with this version In "There Was a Queen," written
eleven years after Sanctuary. And this fact strengthens
our belief that, although he does not work from blueprints,
he carries a thoroughly-conceived portrait of his charac
ters in his head.
Still another outstanding instance of character
inconsistency Is that seen in the treatment of Eula
Varner Snopes. From our examination It would seem that
the vegetable-like creature of The Hamlet could never have
become the Intelligent stoic that she Is In The Town. And
this judgment suggests still another characteristic of
Faulkner here as a writer and, also in this instance, as a
man. Surely this inconsistency can be explained largely
in terms of Faulkner's growing attachment to his creation!
We have suggested that in The Hamlet--and, indeed, in a
103
much earlier novel, Mosquitoes, in which Eula appears,
though under another name--the author himself was enamored
of her body, doubly so, apparently, because she had no
brain to govern it. Within this concept she must remain,
perforce, on a low level as a human being. In The Town,
however, in addition to letting her keep her voluptuous
body, Faulkner, who has done some maturing himself mean
while, endows her with a brain and accords her increasing
dignity and respect along with a sense of ethics as the
novel unfolds until at last she reaches a height far beyond
that of most of his women.
It would be logical to assume that Faulkner shows an
increasing attachment for more than one of his "consistent"
characters, provided that they are admirable. But he also
seems to manifest a certain affection for one who is not
admirable, who is indeed his ultimate villain in the
Yoknapatawpha series, Flem Snopes himself. True, though
seventeen years of Faulkner's life separate The Hamlet and
The Town, Flem is the same person in both, though a little
older and a little wiser in the later work. But in a
portion of this, his latest novel to date, Faulkner handles
Flem with more flexibility than in The Hamlet, wherein he
is seen as a near monster, whose villainy is unrelieved.
In The Town, though Flem's actions are as loathesome as
104
ever, he comes in for a lengthy period of sympathetic
analysis by Gavin Stevens, who is Faulkner's most fully
developed manifestation of his alter ego. If this
charitable examination is not inspired by a momentary
feeling of affection on the part of Faulkner for Banker
Snopes, then the author has failed to communicate his
true sentiments; for this passage leaves a permanent
feeling with the reader that somehow Flem is human being
enough to suffer a little for his monstrous sins.
And finally, in summary, we must note that Faulkner's
methods of developing his characters reveal an unusual
willingness to experiment. From his earliest to his
latest works, he employs various and, more often than not,
successful techniques for accomplishing this purpose. His
most audacious experiment to date Is, perhaps, his venture
into the field of the drama, a genre that does not appear
to accord well with his extensive talents. This play,
Requiem for a Nun, as has been noted, is probably the
worst of his later writings and was saved from total
failure only by the remarkable historical interchapters,
themselves an experiment.
INTRODUCTION TO THE INDEX
The encyclopedia and index Include approximately
eleven hundred named persons found In seventeen novels
24
and seventy-one short stories and sketches. About
one hundred fifty of these persons are participants, or
are mentioned, in more than one of Faulkner's fictional
works. In addition to setting forth a brief description,
chiefly as to function, of every named character in
each story In which he is found, the index lists every
page on which each character's name appears, whether he
is a part of the action or is merely referred to. All
variations of the names, including nicknames, are listed,
but no more than once to a page, regardless of how many
versions of a given character's name appear on one
page. For example, if "Narcissa," "Narcissa Benbow,"
"Miss Benbow," "Mrs. Bayard Sartoris," and "Narcy"
all appear on, say, page 283 of Sartoris, one listing
only is made for her on that particular page.
24jyiany of the short stories were revised at least
once, some twice. Only the latest revisions are handled
in the index, and this includes several which were
finally incorporated into certain of the novels, e.g.,
"Spotted Horses" into The Hamlet, "Centaur in Brass" into
The Town, and "Vendee" Into The Unvanquished.
106
Personal titles alone are not listed even though
their designation is clear. They must be accompanied by
family names, given names, or some variation of one of
these. For example, "Colonel" or "Cunnel" or "Lawyer" is
excluded from the index: "Colonel John" or "Lawyer
Stevens" is, of course included. The same distinction
applies to designations of family relationship: "Uncle"
and "Aunt" are not listed. "Uncle Maury" and "Aunt Jenny"
are .
There are three exceptions to this rule: the prin
cipal character in Pylon has no name other than that of
"the Reporter",* hence is he so listed, under R. The same
arrangement applies to "the convict" in The Old Man. The
third exception is Mrs. Rosa Millard, of The Unvanquished.
In this work she is called "Granny" countless times. Only
in a very few Instances do we get any part of her real
name. She becomes "Granny" to the reader and she is,
therefore, listed under this name as well as under her
legal name.
The listing also includes possessive forms of a
personal name. "Horace's sister, for example, Is listed
under the name "Horace." Listing of the possessive also
extends to such a situation as the designation of a home
or a store or a farm. In such instances it was necessary
107
to take a peculiar liberty. If, for example, the author
says, "It is near the MacCallum place" or "We were ten
miles from MacCallum's," Virginius MacCallum, Sr., the
nominal head of the family, qualifies for a listing,- such
a reference is not Interpreted to include any of his six
sons. Likewise "Varner's" or "Varner's store" means for
our purpose, "Will Varner's," not "Jody Varner's," even
though the son is just as active about store and farm as
is his father.
Still another difficulty presents Itself in relation
to the identity of characters. Since in a single story
there are often two persons with identical names (in
Sartoris there are three John Sartorises and three Bayard
Sartorises), the casual reader may be confused, even
baffled, in trying to decide which John or which Bayard
is being referred to. Faulkner is of no immediate help
here because he will not slow up his narrative to put the
reader straight; rather he prefers to set down the story
just as It happened. Yet the necessary evidence is almost
invariably near at hand; and the reader can usually work
out the answer, even If doing so often requires consider
able effort in addition to interrupting his reading.
Part of the purpose of this index and encyclopedia is, of
course, to solve these problems and set the puzzling names
108
under the proper headings.
A much more difficult problem grows out of Faulkner's
use of "real” and "unreal" or "historical" and "fictional"
characters. Robert E. Lee, Jeb Stuart, James Bedford
Forrest, and a host of other historical characters, mili
tary and non-military, flit in and out of this Southern
writer's pages. In certain instances they interact some
what convincingly with fictional people. For example, the
brother of Miss Jenny, Bayard Sartoris, is killed on a
raiding party with Jeb Stuart. Miss Jenny, in her narra
tion of this escapade, speaks of General Stuart with a
personal affection, a tenderness, "'Poor man,.1 she said;
'I danced a valse with him in Baltimore in '58,' and her
voice was proud and still as banners in the dust"
(Sartoris, p. 40). And Andrew Jackson is described in
the history of the Compson family (see The Sound and the
Fury, p. 3), in such a vivid way as to almost make it
possible for him to leap over into the empire of Faulkner's
incomparable fictional folk. In the historical inter-
chapters of Requiem for a Nun many real and unreal people
(both types largely non-military here) interact. Mr.
Vardaman, famous Mississippi political figure, is mentioned
in many of Faulkner's novels; and we may be sure that the
youngest Bundren boy in As I Lay Dying has been named after
109
this old lion-maned, picturebook Southern Congressman.
But these people are allusions, not characters, and really
come alive only through their impingement on Faulkner's
creations; hence they are not listed in the index.
Still another group of characters may or may not be
historical. These are the persons who are at least part
ly legendary. Notable among these are the Indians in
such short stories as "A Justice" and "Red Leaves":
Issetibbeha, Moketubbe, Ikkemotubbe, Mohataha, Herman
Basket, Louis Berry. Real or unreal, though, these people
are so completely woven into the Yoknapatawpha texture as
to forfeit whatever historical Identity they may have in
favor of a greater role; and this list includes such white
men as Chevalier Soeur Blonde de Vitry, whose life is tied
in with that of the Indians. All of these people, there
fore, are Included in the index.
Surely such names as Compson, Habersham, Coldfield,
Sartoris are originally historical, but their eventual
use makes even the earliest of them Faulkner's people.
Finally there is none of the set-apartness about them that
marks the "real" people. The "unreal" people cleave at
last, In life as in death, to the Yoknapatawpha soil.
True, these distinctions are not scientific ones, and
an occasional name which should not be listed may find Its
110
way into the index; but such names will be few and are
relatively unimportant, for no actual historical charac
ter is of any real significance in Faulkner’s stories.
Faulkner uses his "real" people mainly for atmosphere.
The whole problem of whether these borderline characters
are historical, semi-historical, or entirely fictional
might well be the subject of a separate study.
One of the most persistent challenges to be met in
preparing the encyclopedia was that of tense. Few writers
are more aware of the past, even as they write of the
present, than is Faulkner. To preserve a firm sense of
perspective I have endeavored to state in the past tense
all action which occurred prior to the actual events set
forth in the stories, using the present tense for current
actions only.
Several minor inconsistencies may also pose a problem
for the reader. For example, in certain of the stories
Dr. Peabody's age may appear confusing to many, as well
it should. In Requiem for a Nun he appears in the early
1830's as a full-grown man who helps to start and name
the town of Jefferson. We may, therefore, assume that he
was born not later than 1810. Yet, In As I Lay Dying,
which takes place In about 1902, he is only seventy years
old. There is a consistency between this novel and
Ill
Sartoris, however, for he Is eighty-seven in the latter
novel, which deals with events of the year 1918 or 1919--
Perhaps this first settler is not supposed to be the
Dr. Lucius Quintus "Loosh" Peabody of the novels dealing
with a much later period. One cannot be sure of him
until Sartoris. Another inconsistency of a different
sort may be seen in the character of Bookwright. In
Knight!s Gambit (19^9) he has a grown daughter; in The
Hamlet, written nine years earlier, he is a kinless
bachelor. A real puzzle in identity is the man named
"Quick." In Knight’s Gambit Ben Quick owns a sawmill
and has a son named Isham; yet in The Hamlet Lon’s des
cription tallies with that of Isham In the later novel,
and Lon owns a sawmill. Uncle Ben Quick is seen as a
farmer in The Hamlet, who, among many other activities,
raises goats. To make this confusion all the more over
whelming, Faulkner gives us in As I Lay Dying two Lon
Quicks, who are father and son.
Another source of confusion arises from several
inconsistencies In names. For example, a man named
Suratt, a sewing machine salesman (and gossipy newsbearer),
appears in Sartoris and in As I Lay Dying. In The Hamlet
and In The Town he is named Ratliff. In Requiem for a Nun
his ancestor spells his name "Ratliffe"; and according to
112
Faulkner in this same novel, Ratliffe's descendants spell
their name "Ratlif." In As I Lay Dying Henry Armstid's
wife is named Lula; In Light in August this same wife
(as far as we can tell) is called Martha. An Indian
Chief appears in several of the stories as the father of
Issetibbeha and in others as his son. The one-time
partner of and later the killer of Colonel John Sartoris
Is named Redlaw in Sartoris and Redmond in The Unvan
quished . Some cases of Inconsistencies in spelling are
as follows: MacCallum--McCallum; MacGown--McGowan;
Depre--DuPre.
Some of these errors are superficial ones; and, in
the light of what Faulkner has done, they are scarcely
worth the mentioning. What is Important about them is
that they would seem to Indicate that Faulkner, until
comparatively recently, has created his Yoknapatawpha
stories straight from the viscera, telling each story
individually, with little thought as to what has gone
before and with even less care as to what is to come. On
occasions he may be so intent on a single incident that
this apparent carelessness manifests itself within a single
novel in terms of a factual inconsistency. Such an example
occurs in Absalom, Absalom! Early in the novel Sutpen's
mansion Is constructed of brick. At the end we note that
it is of wood and highly Inflammable.
APPARATUS
In the Index the novels are listed first, followed
by the short stories and sketches, the works in each
section being arranged chronologically in the order of
their publication. The keys to the complete works are
as follows:
Publication
Key Novel__________________________ date____
AA Absalom, Absalomi (1936)
As As I Lay Dying (1930)
Fab A Fable (1954)
Int Intruder in the Dust (1948)
KG Knight1s Gambit (1949)
LA Light in August (1932)
Mos Mosquitoes (1927)
Py Pylon (1935)
RN Requiem for a Nun (1951)
San Sanctuary (1931)
Sar Sartoris (1929)
SP Soldier's Pay (1926)
H The Hamlet (194-0)
SF The Sound and the Fury (1929)
T The Town (1957)
114
Key Novel Publication
date
Un
WPOM
The Unvanquished
The Wild P a l m s 2 ^
The Old Man
(1938)
(1939)
Short Stories and Sketches
Title of Collection
BW Big Woods
CS Collected Stories of William Faulkner
GM Go Down, Moses
NS New Orleans Sketches
(1955)
(1950)
(1955)
(1958)
Short Stories Published Separately
"By the People," Mademoiselle, XLI (October,
1955)
ID Idyll in the Desert (1931)
ZG Miss Zilphia Gant (1932)
"Thrift," Sat. Eve. Post, CC III (September 6,
1930)
25pU£>iished together in alternating chapters.
115
The following Modern Library editions were used for
the index:
Kex
Mod. Lib
No.
nuuuxj ) OCJ.O. win •
As I Lay Dying
187
Go Down, Moses
175
Sanctuary 61
The Sound and the Fury
187
Appendix to The Sound and the Fury
187
(The Compson Appendix to The Sound
and the Fury is slightly revised
from The Portable Faulkner: 1946)
Date of
edition
(1951)
(19^6)
(1955)
(1932)
(1946)
(1946)
Novels As_ and _SP were published together in the
Modern Library edition along with the SFAp.
The novels used in this story were all copies of the
first editions except for four Modern Library editions,
listed elsewhere, which were printed from the original
plates.
The short stories, however, presented a special prob
lem inasmuch as many of them have been revised at least
once since they were first published. Because it would
have been impractical to present in this study all of the
versions, I have confined myself to the final revisions
116
only; and in this connection I have taken a special
liberty with respect to the Collected Stories of William
Faulkner and New Orleans Sketches. Since Collected
Stories includes all of the final versions of the stories
found in two earlier collections, These Thirteen and
Dr. Martino, as well as seventeen stories which do not
appear in these volumes, I have used it to the exclusion
of the two earlier collections. My decision here was based
on considerations of convenience: the availability of the
later collection and the greater number of final revisions
under one cover. Except for those short stories which are
incorporated, extensively revised, in the novels of
Faulkner, only one story included in the Collected Stories
has a subsequent revision. This is "A Bear Hunt," which
appears in its latest form in Big Woods.
I have used New Orleans Sketches, likewise, for
reasons of convenience. It is the only volume published
which includes all seventeen of the sketches originally
printed in the New Orleans Times-Picayune between
February and September, 1925-
THE NOVELS
118
Soldiers' Pay (1926)
Names :
Baird, Dr.--eye specialist from
Atlanta who examines Donald
Mahon's eyes.
Bleyth, Captain--an RAF pilot
whom Cadet Lowe knew.
Burney, Mr.--man whose occupation
is sawing boards and nailing
them together again; he takes
all of his ideas from his wife.
Burney, Mrs.--his wife, who
flaunts the mourning she wears
for her dead soldier son, whom
she kneitf to be worthless when
alive, and glories in being
spoken to by important women of
the town.
Burney, Dewey--their son under
indictment for stealing fifty
pounds of sugar. He was
released to join the army under
Captain Green. Hysterical with
fear, he kills Richard Powers,
his lieutenant, and is later
killed himself, a hero insofar
as his hometown knows.
Coleman, Mrs.--friend of Mrs.
Saunders.
Dough, James--nephew of Mrs.
Wardle; he has an artificial
leg and wounded arm from two
years service with a French
escadrille. He is a spectator
of Mrs. Worthington's dance.
Ed--policeman who attempts to
arrest Gilligan and Lowe for
drunkenness on the train.
Key: SP
Pages :
156
9
180
179, 181, 182-185, 257,
258, 261, 262, 263
181-183, 185, 262, 263
233
189-191, 193-195, 201
21
119
Soldiers1 Pay (1926)
Names:
Emmy--young girl who left her
drunken father's home to live
with Rector Mahon. She and
young Donald had been lovers
before he went to war. She is
broken up when he returns home
so seriously wounded that he
does not recognize her. She
nurses him even after his mar
riage to Margaret Powers. She
is pestered by Jones.
Key: SP
Pages :
65, 66, 68, 69-71, 73-
75, 78, 79, 90, 92, 93,
109, 110, 116, 120,
121-129, 133, 134, 166,
167, 250-253, 263, 270,
271-274, 282-284, 287,
288, 289, 290, 291,
296, 297, 300, 313,
315-317
Farr, Cecily Saunders--daughter of 66, 70, 73, 74, 80-83,
Robert and Minnie Saunders, she 85~90, 92-99, 101, 111,
is a weak and selfish, but 113-115, 117-119, 129,
attractive young girl, who 130, 133, 135-141, 143,
loves male attention but cannot 144
keep up her engagement to Donald
Mahon when she sees how badly
vjounded he is. Though her
affair with George Farr has not
prevented her from flirting with
other men, she finally marries
George by way of escape.
Farr, George--young boy desperate- 77, 84-86, 88, 89, 96,
ly in love with Cecily Saunders 135, 138, 140, 142, 143,
whom he finally marries after 145, 146-148, 152, 195,
they have had sexual relations. 211-218, 220, 225, 228,
230, 233, 235, 239-244,
261-263, 268-270, 281
Gary, Doctor--mentioned as one of 99, 166, 193, 198, 199,
Cecily's suitors; dandified 200, 212, 285
doctor with offensive manners,
who examines Mahon.
Gilligan, Joe (called Yaphank at 7, 9-12, 12, 14-35, 37-
first)--an ex- enlisted man who 48, 49, 51, 52, 55, 82,
meets Mahon on the train, 103, 104-110, 115, 123,
escorts him home, and tends him 135, 136, 138, 149,
until Mahon dies. He falls in 150, 152-154, 156-162,
love with Margaret Powers, hope- 163-169, 171, 175
lessly because he will not take
her without marriage, a union
120
Soldiers1 Pay (1926)
Names:
which she believes would be
unlucky for both of them, hence
will not enter into.
Green, Captain--gets his commis
sion because he raises a
Charleston company; friend of
Madden, whom he makes a
sergeant. Green is killed in
World War I.
Henderson, Mrs.--meddlesome woman
on the train, who wanted to
care for Donald Mahon.
Henry--Negro train porter, who is
very solicitous of Mahon's
welfare.
Jones, Januarius--a former fellow
of Latin, who leches tenacious
ly after Cecily Saunders and,
after losing her to George Parr,
tirelessly pursues Emmy.
Lowe, Julian--a very young flying
cadet, disappointed because
the war ended before he saw
action; falls in love with
Margaret Powers, who mothers
him. After they part, he
writes love letters to her.
Madden, Rufus--sergeant in Green's
company, who saw Dewey Burney
shoot Richard Powers and never
tells about it.
Key: SB
Pages :
173-177, 179, 185
31
15, 16
56-60, 62-77, 79-85,
89-94, 133-138, 202-
209, 217-221, 223-225,
228, 230-232, 239-244,
247-254, 257
7-20, 22-35, 37, 38,
45-55, 103, 104, 153,
187, 278, 280, 285, 315
173-177, 179, 181, 186,
191, 193, 194, 200-202,
205-208, 210, 211, 262
121
Soldiers* Pay (1926) Key: S_P
Names: Pages:
Mahon, Donald--the rector's son 30, 33* 34, 35, 31> 38,
shot down In Flanders while a 44-49, 55* 67, 68, 76,
lieutenant In the RAF, dying 77, 81, 84, 85, 87, 89*
from a head wound which 94, 97, 99, 100, 101,
leaves him helpless and final- 103, 107* 108-110, 112-
ly blinds him. He returns to 115* 117* 118, 120, 121-
his father's home, where he 123, 124-127, 129, 130,
dies shortly after his marri- 133, 135-139* l4l, 149,
age to Margaret Powers. 151-153, 156, 165-167*
169-172, 181-184, 187*
197, 198, 200-203
Mahon, Margaret Powers--a war widow 34, 35, 38, 48, 49, 51*
whose marriage consisted of a 52, 81-84, 103, 105,
three-day honeymoon. She wrote 108-110, 114, 116, 117,
her husband a letter explaining 121-125, 127-129, 136,
that their marriage was a result 137, 140, 1.50, 152,
merely of war-time hysteria. 153, 156, 162, 166,
Dying before he received the 167-172, 181, 186, 187*
letter, Powers believed in her 196-198, 201-203, 205-
love until the last, and to her 207, 209, 210, 244-24-7*
this in some way seemed to be 250, 251* 254, 257,
infidelity on her part. This 258, 263-267, 271, 273-
experience left her empty and 275, 277-279* 282, 284-
incapable of loving anyone. At 289, 301, 306, 308
this Juncture she meets the dying
Mahon boy on the train and,
seeing something to live for, she
goes to the Mahon home with
Donald and Gilligan, where she
helps tend the invalid and final
ly marries him when Cecily
proves too selfish to do so.
After Donald's death she is
willing to be the object of
Gilligan's love but refuses to
marry him, believing that such
a union would be unlucky for
them both.
Mahon (Uncle Joe)--a gentle rec- 65, 69-73, 75, 76, 78,
tor, who has to lose his only 81-85, 87, 94, 121,
son Donald twice: he thinks 129, 136, 160, 168,
him killed in action, only to 217, 252, 257, 258
122
Soldiers' Pay (1926)
Names:
have him brought home terribly
wounded, where he sees him
actually die.
Maurier, Harrison--mentioned as
one of Cecily's suitorsj he
is from Atlanta.
Miller, Mrs.--dressmaker with
whom Emmy lived and for whom
she worked when she first left
home .
Mitchell, Mrs.--Charleston
resident.
Nelson, Aunt Callie--old Negro
woman who formerly worked
for the Mahons and helped
raise the child Donald.
Nelson, Loosh--Aunt Callie's
grandson, who formerly worked
for the Mahons, now in a
private's uniform.
Powers, Richard (Dick)--a lieuten
ant who went overseas three
days after his marriage. He
was killed by one of his own
men, Dewey Burney, before he
ever received his wife's
letter telling him that their
marriage was a mistake.
Key: £TP
Pages:
261, 263, 267, 268,
273, 275, 276, 278,
281, 301
99
128
182
170, 259
170, 171, 296
36, 39, 44, 45, 162,
163, 176-179, 181-184,
210, 211, 262, 279
Price--owner of a store from which 184
Mrs. Worthington is seen driv
ing .
123
Soldiers1 Pay (1926) Key: S P
Names : Pages:
Rivers, Lee--unpopular young man 190-195* 203* 204, 208,
who has spent a year at 209
Princeton, where he acquired
the culture he exhibits at Mrs.
Worthington's dance. He is an
impeccable dresser and a good
dancer; he is persistent in his
efforts to get a dance with
Cecily Saunders.
Saunders, Minnie--wife of Robert, 95* 96, 98, 99* 103*
Sr., she browbeats her hus- 113-116, 133* 139* 140,
band in an effort to make him 181, 183* 218, 219,
tell Dr. Mahon that Cecily can- 228-233* 255* 259-261,
not marry Donald Mahon. 263* 267
Saunders, Robert Sr.--a weak man, 97~99* 103* 111-119*
much influenced by his wife. 133* 139* 140, 218,
He wants to do the right thing, 219* 229* 239* 252,
and after Margaret Powers has 254-256, 267
told him what is right, he
coerces his daughter Cecily
into keeping her engagement to
Donald, for a time at least.
Saunders, Robert (Bob)--their son, 95-97* 100-103, 120,
a curious, tactless, and 130, 142, 148-152, 159-
revengeful youth, who brings l6l, 164, 165* 168,
his friends to see Donald's 218-220, 230, 231, 295*
scarred face. Because he 298
thinks that Gilligan and
Margaret Powers spy on him when
he is swimming nude, he spies
on them as they embrace and
reports the incident to his
sister to stir up jealousy over
young Mahon.
Schluss--salesman of ladies' under- 16-20, 22
wear, one of two men on the train
whom the conductor asks to keep
an eye on the drunken Gilligan
and Lowe. Soon Schluss becomes
quite intoxicated himself by way
of being agreeable to Gilligan.
124
Soldiers' Pay (1926)
Names :
Tobe--Negro servant of the
Saunders family.
Wardie, Mrs-resident of
Charleston.
White, Hank--a name the "sodden"
drunk on the train mutters in
his stupor. This may or may
not be the name of the man who
tried to climb out the train
window after his suitcase,
which Gilligan had tossed out.
Willard--owner of a small house
and a good fruit orchard near
the home of Rector Mahon.
Worthington, Mrs.--a wealthy
widow who believes in women's
rights as long as she can dic
tate them. She takes Donald
Mahon for automobile rides
and invites him to the big
dance she gives so that he
can hear the music.
Key: SP
Pages:
97, 99, 100, 102, 133,
138, 238
181, 189, 192, 210
16, 18, 19
318
181-184, 187, 257, 282
125
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names :
Ayers, Major--Br±tisher who,
believing all Americans are
constipated, is trying to put
a laxative on the market.
Broussard--New Orleans restaurant
owner.
Ed--captain of Mrs. Maurier's
yacht, the Nausikaa.
Fairchild, Dawson--novelist
(patterned after Sherwood
Anderson)--presides over most
of the philosophical discus
sions on Mrs. Maurier's yacht
and is responsible for much of
the chaos aboard it.
Faulkner--a shabby, dark man who
once told Jenny she had the
best digestion he ever saw and
that if the straps of her dress
broke she would devastate the
country. (He also said that he
was a liar by profession and
made good money at it.)
Key: Mos
Pages:
61-63, 66-69, 71-73,
79-82, 85-88, 92, 97-
99, 114, 132, 155, 173,
208, 210, 217-220, 222-
224, 245, 253, 258,
259, 261, 275, 277-279,
281, 282, 284, 285,
288-293, 303, 304
33, 38
195
27, 33-44, 49-52, 55,
57, 61-73, 79-81, 84-
88, 92, 97-99, 103,
104, 110, 112-118, 120,
122, 123, 126, 127,
130-132, 136, 138, 151,
155, 181-186, 191-199,
201, 207-211, 217-221,
222, 227-231, 234-242,
245-249, 250-257, 259-
268, 274-277, 281,
283-285, 289-293, 301-
305, 307-313, 317-323,
325-329, 331, 335, 336,
338-341, 348, 349
145
126
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names:
Frost, Mark--a poet who produces
"an occasional cerebral and
obscure poem." Opposed to
physical activity of any sort,
he barely escapes seduction at
the hands of Dorothy Jameson.
Ginotta, Joe--Ginotta1s oldest
son, who persuades his father
to modernize their old
restaurant. He becomes the
manager after his father's
death and does well selling
whisky illegally.
Ginotta--father of Joe and Pete,
he loves his old restaurant
and fears the prosperity which
comes with his son's new order
of things.
Ginotta, Mrs.--wife of Ginotta,
who hardly talks at all. After
her husband's death she putters
around in the kitchen of the
new restaurant preparing
Italian dishes for her family.
Ginotta, Pete--younger son of the
Ginottas, who makes deliveries
for his brother Joe. Pat Robyn
invites him and his sweetheart
Jenny to go on the Nausikaa.
Key: Mos
Pages:
52, 54, 63, 70, 84, 91,
92, 93, 95, 102, 103,
132, 138, 151, 155,
182, 183, 185, 186,
189, 192-199, 209, 210,
217-220, 227, 228, 230-
234, 237, 239, 241,
243, 246, 255, 256, 258,
259, 262, 264, 275,
276, 313, 327, 329,
331, 332-334
296-298, 300, 301
296, 297
296, 297
55-61, 70, 73-75, 81,
83, 94, 104, 105, 107-
109, 129, 133, 134,
138, 141-148, 150, 151,
153, 155, 175-177, 192-
195, 201, 236-239, 244,
253, 254, 274, 276,
277, 283-288, 294-296,
299-302
127
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names :
Gordon--virile, dedicated artist
(sculptor), who does not con
ceal his disapproval of those
who play at art. He comes
aboard the Nauslkaa because
he is in love with Mrs.
Maurier's niece, Patricia.
Later he is thought to be
drowned; but he, believing
Fairchild to have suffered
this fate, has been searching
for him. After the trip, he
makes a bust of Mrs. Maurier
which reveals the secret of
her nature.
Hooper--a business man who
preaches God and efficiency.
He lunches with Fairchild to
see the Bohemian side of life.
Jackson, Al--a character in one
of Fairchild's tall tales, who
(after his father) has the
largest fisherd in the world.
He wears congress boots even
while bathing because he has
webbed feet.
Jackson, Claude--Al's brother.
He turns into a half shark
while herding his father's
fish-sheep. Later he chases
blonde women swimmers.
Jackson, "old man"--father of A1
and Clause and descendant of
Andrew Jackson. According to
Fairchild, A1 becomes a fish
rancher when the sheep on his
swampy ranch gradually turn
into fish.
Key: Mos
Pages :
18-24, 26-30, 42-44,
47, 49-51, 55, 62, 69-
72, 80, 82, 92-95, 97,
104, 132, 151, 152-155,
183, 195, 196, 207,
211, 217, 222, 254,
255, 259, 265, 266-268,
283-285, 313, 318, 321-
325, 327-329, 335-338
34, 38, 40
66, 86-88, 276
87, 279-281
277-279, 280
128
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names:
Jameson, Dorothy--painter of
portraits but prefers still
life. Though she has taken a
lover in Greenwich Village,
she is still a virgin. She
tries hard to get a man, even
to the point of being overly
considerate of men, but they
always run away from her.
Kauffman, Julius--brother
Wiseman. The "Semitic
who stands outside the
of Eva
man, "
circle
of artists and "pokes sense"
at them. He is the constant
companion of the erratic
Fairchild, whom he usually
bests in their nearly endless
discussions.
Kauffman, Julius--grandfather of
Fairchild's friend, he helped
Maurier make a fortune on
shady land deals during the
Civil War.
Maurier--onetime overseer, who
amassed a fortune during the
Civil War and, because of his
wealth, won an unwilling
Patricia from the boy she
loved. Maurier is by now
long dead.
Maurier, Mrs. Patricia--wealthy
widow, owner of the Nauslkaa,
who, as she plays at art, is
never quite aware of what is
happening around her. The
secret of her tragedy is finally
revealed in terms of a blighted
romance during her youth.
Key: Mos
Pages :
27, 55, 62, 63, 69, 70,
84, 91, 95, 96, 101,
102, 105, 108, 110, 111,
132-134, l4l, 151, 153,
155, 169, 181, 182, 185,
186, 216, 237, 259, 260,
275, 284, 286, 331-333
44, 49-51, 62, 63, 65,
66-69, 71, 86, 110,
114, 132, 154, 155,
184, 195, 198, 199,
220, 228, 237, 241,
248, 254, 275, 276,
281, 283, 290, 293,
322, 331
324, 327
323-326
12, 16-18, 20-31, 45,
50, 54-72, 78. 79, 83-
88, 91-95, 104, 109,
110, 132-134, 138, 151,
152, 154-156, 163, 181
129
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names :
Ray--Thelma's gentleman friend.
Reichmann--businessman with whom
Mayor Ayers has an appoint
ment concerning his laxative.
Robyn, Henry (Hank)--father of
Patricia and Theodore.
Robyn, Patricia--Mrs. Maurier's
niece, attractive, honest, but
surprisingly unsophisticated.
When the yacht is stalled, she
secretly sets out for Mande-
ville with the ship's steward.
Lost and much the worse for
wear, they finally return to
the Nausikaa.
Robyn, Theodore--(Also called
"Josh" by his sister,
Patricia.) Patricia's twin,
who secretly takes a part of
the ship's engine to make a
pipe, thus causing the
yacht to stall.
Steinbauer, Genevieve (Jenny)--
blonde girl whom Patricia
Robyn invites aboard the
Nausikaa. Jenny, though
apparently brainless, has
physical attractions which
prove devastating to the
males on Mrs. Maurier's
yacht.
Key: Mos
Pages:
144-147
304
256-258, 288
16, 17, 21, 28, 29, 56,
58, 59, 69, 81, 97,
103, 137, 203, 216,
217, 256, 257, 276,
313, 314
(On pages 60 and 317
Patricia's brother
calls her "Gus.")
46, 57, 60, 61, 77, 94,
110, 125, 143, 157, 212,
217, 251, 255, 256,
313, 315, 317
(Pat also calls her
brother "Gus" on
pages 46, 77, 110,
111, 136, 143, 150,
315, 317
56-61, 66, 69, 73, 74,
75, 79, 80, 81, 83, 86,
87, 94, 104, 108, 126-
130, 132, 133, 136-151,
153, 168, 175-178, 188-
190, 193-204, 207, 218,
222-227, 232, 237-239,
243, 244, 249, 251,
255, 271, 281, 282-284,
287, 288, 290, 294, 295
Miss Steinbauer, p. 344
130
Mosquitoes (1927)
Names:
Talliaferro, Ernest~-has changed
his name from "Tarver." A
sort of aide to Mrs. Maurier,
he is the butt of much humor.
Carefully brought up to
ignore all natural Impulses,
he is, at thirty-eight, quite
ignorant on the subject of
women. Consequently he seeks
the advice of Fairchild, who
has much fun at his expense.
Thelma--friend of Jenny.
Walter--Mrs. Maurier's Negro
servant.
Walter--one of the seamen who
come aboard the Nausikaa for
a time when the tugboat
arrives.
West, David--young steward on
the Nausikaa, who loves
Patricia with a doglike
devotion and runs away with
her toward Mandeville on an
adventure that fails.
Wiseman, Mrs. Eva Kauffman--sister
of Julius, has published a book
of poetry entitled Satyricon
in Starlight, which Major Ayers
calls "the Syphilis book."
She has left her husband and is
liked by most men. In general
she is very level-headed and
straightforward.
Key: Mos
Pages:
9-44, 55, 57, 60, 6l-
66, 69-72, 78,
(Tarver, p. 31, 33)
(Patricia Robyn calls
him "Mr. Tarver" on
pages 31, 33-)
79-81, 83-89, 91, 93,
95-99, 104, 111-113,
126-132, 141, 143, 144,
151, 152, 178, 184, 18$
189, 190, 193-201, 207,
208, 217, 218, 225,
232, 237-239, 249, 258,
259, 260, 266, 269,
283-285, 288-290, 292,
305, 306-313, 341-346
144-147
46, 58
262, 264, 261
122, 124-126, 135, 156-
159, 161, 165, 166,
170, 171, 172, 174,
177-181, 187, 188, 190,
191, 201, 202, 205,
211-216, 235, 236
27, 44, 55, 57, 60-62,
64-67, 69, 70, 84-88,
91-97, 103, 109, 110,
132, 138, 151-156, 169,
178, 181, 182-185, 193-
203, 217, 220, 225-227,
237-239, 241, 245-251,
254, 255, 260, 264,
268, 269, 274-276, 284
131
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names : Pages:
Abe--Negro who works for Dr. 293, 378
Peabody. He shot the dog which
young "Loosh" operated on.
Alford, Dr.--serious young physi- 94, 95, 99-101, 153,
cian interested in Narcissa. 180, 215, 216, 229,
He treats old Bayard's wen 238-241, 262
and takes him to a specialist
in Memphis.
Beard, Mrs.--Beard1s wife and 106
Virgil's mother.
Beard, Virgil--son of Will. He 106, 107, 112, 228,
is the boy who writes Byron 229, 264
Snopes's letters to Narcissa.
He is apparently simple-minded
in most matters; but he is
shrewd in collecting his fee,
an air gun, from Byron.
Beard, Will C.--Virgil's father. 107
He owns a grist mill in Jefferson.
Benbow, Belle Mitchell--woman who 29, 30, 176, 178, 180,
according to Narcissa, has a 182-197, 256, 257, 259,
"backstairs” nature. She has 262, 353, 370
an affair with Horace Benbow
while still married to Harry,
whom she later divorces to
marry Horace.
Benbow, "Little" Belle Mitchell-- 172, 175-177, 296
daughter of Harry and Belle.
She is often made to feel
unwanted by her mother.
Benbow, Francis--probably grand- 169, 170
father of Horace and Narcissa.
In '71 he brought a lantana
from Barbados and planted it
on the front lawn of the Ben
bow home.
Sartoris (1929)
Key: Sar
Names :
Benbow, Horace (Horry^-sensi
tive, verbose brother of
Narcissa. A lawyer in the
family tradition, Horace
returns from duty overseas
as an officer in the Y.M.C.A.,
still infatuated xvith Belle
Mitchell, a married woman.
After Belle's divorce, Horace
marries her, although Narcissa
disapproves of the match. The
newly-married couple, with
Belle's daughter, then move to
a nearby town.
Benbow, Julia--Will1s wife, mother
of Narcissa and Horace. She
died when Narcissa was seven.
Benbow, Will--father of Narcissa
and Horace. He died shortly
after Horace's return from
Oxford University, where he had
been studying law.
Bird, Uncle--Negro member of
deputation calling on Simon
about their church money for
which Simon, as treasurer, is
responsible.
Brandt, Dr.--specialist in Memphis
to whom old Bayard is taken.
Buck--marshal in Jefferson.
Butler, Joe--fictitious name used
by Byron Snopes on the letter
that Virgil has written for
Byron to send to Narcissa; in
this way Virgil is prevented
from knowing for whom the
letter is really intended.
Pages:
3, 32, 53, 54, 70, 72,
73, 153, 154, 161-165,
167-171, 173-199, 201,
202, 217, 254-256, 258,
259, 262, 290, 292,
294, 299-303, 351-353,
358, 378
174, 179
170, 174, 179, 180
270
240
158-160
109
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names:
Comyn--a man referred to by
Monaghan in recalling experi
ences of World War I. Comyn
was "a big Irish devil" who,
with Monaghan and other
servicemen, figured in a caf£
brawl in Paris.
Deacon--proprietor of a caf£ in
Jefferson.
Du Pre, Virginia (Jenny, Aunt
Jenny, Miss Jenny)--sister of
Colonel John Sartoris, she is
in charge of her nephew
Bayard's household. She is
one of Faulkner's indomitable
Southern women who never
surrendered to the Yankees.
Elnora or Elnore--mulatto ser
vant in the home of old
Bayard; daughter of Simon.
Eunice--the Benbow's cook.
Falls, Will--an old man of ninety-
three . He walks into Jeffer
son from his home at the county
poor farm to visit his friend,
old Bayard, whose wen he treats
with a homemade remedy. He
spends much of his time recount
ing the exploits of Colonel
John Sartoris.
Pages :
362
125, 128, 145
7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18,
20, 28-34, 36-41, 44-46,
48-61, 64, 66-73, 75-78,
81, 83-85, 87-89, 93-
101, 103-105, 113, 114,
123, 135, 140, 144,
152, 155, 159, 167,
168, 199, 200, 204,
205, 212, 213, 216-218,
222, 229-231, 236, 238-
243, 247, 248, 256,
259-262, 270-273, 275-
277, 281, 290-295, 297-
299, 349, 354-359, 364,
366-373, 376-380
8, 19, 24, 38, 39, 41,
42, 61-64, 81, 82,
113, 215, 229, 236-238,
246, 248, 371-373, 380
299, 300
12, 20, 22, 79-81, 83,
91, 100, 101, 103, 104,
218-224, 226-229, 234-
237, 241, 291, 378
134
Sartoris (1929) Key Sar
128
Names:
Frankie--young girl, who, as a
guest at Belle Mitchell’s,
plays tennis with Horace.
Graham, Eustace--the lawyer in
Deacon's Cafe who introduces
young Bayard to Mr. Gratton.
He is a cripple. (in Sanctuary
he is clubfooted.)
Gratton--man introduced to young
Bayard in Deacon's Cafe as one
who had been on the British
front. Bayard ignores the
introduction and nearly preci
pitates a fight.
Harris, Meloney--young mulatto
woman who leaves the employ of
Belle Mitchell to set up a
beauty parlor. It Is in her
cabin that old Simon is found
with his head crushed.
Henry--maker of illegal whisky. 123, 124
He sells liquor to Rafe MacCallum.
Pages:
183, 183, 186, 189, 192
129
27, 183, 184, 370
Henry, Uncle--Negro, probably,
behind whose house young
Bayard's possum hunt begins.
One of Uncle Henry's dogs is
used in the hunt.
Houston--Negro waiter in Deacon's
Cafe.
Hub--youth who supplies Suratt
and young Bayard with homemade
liquor after Bayard's accident
with the horse. Later he goes
serenading with Bayard's party.
282, 283, 285
123, 124, 126
138-140, 142, 143, 145-
149, 157-159
135
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names: Pages:
Isom--son of Elnora; grandson 8, 35, 50-52, 56-59, 61-
of Simon. 66, 77, 78, 81, 82, 84,
87, 88, 112, 113, 115,
199-202, 218, 236-287,
289, 296, 358, 471-374,
376
Joe--tennis player at Mitchell's. 190
John Henry--Negro youth who sees 207-211
young Bayard unconscious in
his wrecked car as it sits in
the creek. John Henry, with the
aid of his cautious father, lifts
Bayard out of the wreck and
drives him into town in a farm
wagon.
Jones, (Doctor)--puttering old 219
Negro janitor at the Sartoris
bank.
MacCallum, Henry--second son of 309~3l4, 316-318, 325,
Virginius, Sr. He makes the 329~332, 338
whisky and superintends the
kitchen.
MacCallum, Jackson--oldest son 315, 325-332, 334-336
of Virginius.
MacCallum, Lee--introspective 311, 312, 320, 325,
son who sings at Sunday 330, 333, 334, 336
services and goes for lonely
walks in the woods.
MacCallum, Raphael Semmes (Rafe)— 121-135, 309-315, 317,
twin of Stuart. Rafe loves 318, 320, 325-330, 333-
horses. It is he who gets 336, 339
drunk with young Bayard.
MacCallum, Stuart--Rafe's twin, 315, 318, 325, 332,
a good farmer and trader. 334, 336
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names:
MacCallum, Virginius, Jr. (Buddy)-- 124
youngest son of Virginius, Sr. 314
by a second marriage. He 329
shamed his father by joining
the Yankee army in World War I.
MacCallum, Virginius, Sr.--strong- 214
willed old farmer. A widower, 328
he lives a few miles outside 336
of Jefferson with his six grown
sons. For a short time after
old Bayard's death, the MacCallums
are hosts to young Bayard. (The
family name is spelled "McCallum"
in H_ and KG. )
Mandy--Negro cook of the MacCallums.310
337
Marders, Mrs.--frequent visitor 183'
at the home of Belle Mitchell.
She understands Belle's nature
and often comments knowingly on
her hostess's activities.
Mitch--freight agent. He goes
serenading with Bayard and
Hub and the Negro musicians.
Mitchell, Harry--good-natured
man of some means. Though he
is likable, he lacks social
graces; and his wife Belle
holds him in contempt. After
she divorces him, Harry is
seen in Chicago with a woman
who is trying to steal his
stickpin.
Monaghan--aviator who was with
young Bayard in World War I.
They meet again in Chicago.
145,
157-
29,
197,
363,
362
Pages:
308, 309, 313,
316-322, 324-326,
330-335, 337, 338
309-312, 317, 326
329, 332, 333,
337, 339, 346
313-316, 326, 332
190, 192, 197, 202
146, 148, 149,
159
30, 180, 183, 185-
202, 257, 353,
364
137
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names :
Moore, Brother--member of the
delegation of Negroes who
call on Simon to get an
accounting of the money for
their church fund with which
Simon has been entrusted.
Myrtle--receptionist for Dr.
Alford.
Peabody, Dr. Lucius Quintus
(Loosh)--old friend of the
Sartoris family. Humorous
and wise, he sees through
petty conventions. He is
eighty-seven years old, and
weighs 310 pounds.
Peabody, Dr. Lucius (young
Loosh)--son of old Dr. Peabody.
A skillful surgeon, he now
lives in New York but often
visits Jefferson.
Pages:
272, 273, 275
94
97-105, 123, 135, 138,
l4o, 144, 152, 215,
220, 229, 24l, 290-295,
367-370, 376-378
376-378
Ploeckner--German aviator, one of 46
Richthofen's best pupils. He
shot Johnny Sartoris down in
World War I.
Rachel--the Mitchell's cook, who,
knowing Belle to be evil,
sympathizes with Harry.
Redlaw--one-time partner of
Colonel John Sartoris in build
ing a railroad. Later he killed
the Colonel. (He is named Red
mond in The Unvanqui shed.)
Reno--Negro clarinetist who goes 149, 158
on young Bayard's serenading
party.
Res--cashier in old Bayard’s bank. 227, 264
27, 28, 187, 189, 191,
193, 195, 196
23, 376
138
Sartoris (1929)
Names :
Richard (Dick)--one of the Negro
boys at MacCallum's
Roger--caf£ owner.
Samson--farmer who lives near
the MacCallum's. His bridge
is mentioned.
Sartoris, Bayard--brother of
Colonel John. He was killed in
the Civil War while on a raid
with Jeb Stuart.
Sartoris, Bayard (old)--banker
son of Colonel John and nominal
head of a large household, the
management of which, even to
the superintending of his per
sonal life, he blusteringly
surrenders to Miss Jenny, his
aunt.
Sartoris, Bayard (young )--grandson
of old Bayard. He mourns the
loss of his twin brother,
Johnny, in World War I. Final
ly he marries Narcissa, then
ends his violent life testing
a faulty airplane.
Sartoris, Bayard--son of young
Bayard and Caroline, his first
wife. Caroline named the baby
"nine months before it was born
Key: Sar
Pages :
315-317
158
125
9, 10, 13, 16-18, 47
1-8, 11, 19, 20, 23,
24, 29, 30, 34-41, 43-
47, 51, 56, 61, 71-73,
77-88, 91-101, 103-106,
123, 167, 168, 172,
199, 200, 204, 205,
208, 215, 216, 218-224,
227-229, 231-241, 264,
270-276, 281, 282, 291-
293, 297, 303, 305,
354, 355, 357, 370,
374, 375
4, 33, 34, 37, 43-48,
53-57, 60, 72, 75-78,
83, 86, 87, 113-118,
120-143, 145-147, 149,
150, 152, 158-160, 167,
168, 199, 202, 204, 206
-213, 215-218, 229, 230,
238, 241, 242, 244-248,
258-263, 270, 277-279,
282-295, 297, 303-321,
324-327, 329, 330, 333,
336-350, 353-357, 359-
365, 373
55
139
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names: Pages:
and told everybody
about it." The mother
and the son both died
before Bayard returned
from World War I.
Sartoris, Benbow---the son of 380
young Bayard and Narcissa,
Bayard's second wife.
Sartoris, Caroline White--young 54, 55, 93
Bayard's first wife, who both
married him and died when he
was still a flyer in World War I.
Sartoris, Colonel John--officer 1, 2, 6, 8, 10, 11, 18,
in the Civil War. After the 21, 23, 40, 43, 59, 92,
war he built a railroad, ran 98, 112-114, 295, 304,
successfully for the State 367, 373, 375
Legislature; and finally, tired
of killing, he submitted to
death at the hands of his former
partner, Redlaw.
Sartoris, John II--son of old 59, 90, 374
Bayard and father of the twins.
He died of yellow fever and an
old Spanish bullet wound in
1901.
Sartoris, John (Johnny)--young 5, 31, 47, 54, 56, 60,
Bayard's twin. An aviator 71-74, 93, 121, 125,
in World War I, he was killed 127, 167, 214, 215,
in action. 252, 277, 288, 289,
311, 314, 321, 332,
349, 354-357, 374
Sartoris, Lucy Cranston--wife of 74
John Sartoris II and mother of
the twins.
140
Sartoris (1929)
Names:
Sartoris, Narcissa Benbow (Narcy)--
possessive sister of Horace.
In all other relationships she
is apparently a sweet, crino
line-type of Southern maiden.
From the first she is in love
with young Bayard, and finally
she succeeds in marrying him.
She gives birth to a boy at
about the time that her husband
is killed in an airplane acci
dent .
Sibleigh--aviator in World War I.
He is mentioned by young
Bayard in recounting a war
incident.
Key: Sar
Pages:
29-31, 52, 56, 60, 66,
67, 69-72, 74-77, 105,
151-153, 155, 156, 161,
162, 164, 165, 168,
170, 174-182, 184, 197,
198, 200, 201, 205,
212, 216, 217, 231,
238, 245, 246, 255,
259-262, 270, 276, 278,
279, 281, 283-299, 302,
303, 354-357, 359, 366,
371, 376, 379, 380
44
Smith, Mrs.--switchboard operator 239
for the specialist, Dr. Brandt,
to whom Dr. Alford takes old
Bayard.
Snopes, Byron--bookkeeper in old 80, 87, 106-111, 228,
Bayard's bank. With the aid 229, 264, 265
of Virgil Beard, he writes
obscene letters to Narcissa,
which he steals along with one
of her undergarments after
breaking into the deserted
Benbow house and lying on
Narcissa's bed. The same night
he absconds with money from the
bank.
Snopes, Flem--the first Snopes to 172
move to Jefferson. Starting as
proprietor of a restaurant, he
works his quiet way up to the
vice presidency of the Sartoris
bank, meanwhile sponsoring the
others of his tribe who begin
infiltrating Jefferson.
141
Sartoris (1929) Key: Sar
Names: Pages:
Snopes, Montgomery Ward--draft 172, 173
evader. As a result of his
trickery he is rejected for
military service. Later he
departs with Horace Benbow to
an overseas position with the
Y.M.C.A.
Sol--Negro porter at the Jeffer- 165
son railway station.
Sue--girl mentioned by Hub. (She 142
is probably his sister. )
Straud, Dr.--doctor mentioned by 378
young "Loosh" Peabody as a
man who has been experimenting
with electricity on animals.
Strother, Caspey--Simon1s son, 52, 59? 61-67, 81-83,
Negro, who served with the U.S. 199, 203, 236-238, 281-
Army overseas and thus got 289, 371
ideas not consistent with his
role at home.
Strother, Euphrony--wife of Simon. 290
Strother, Joby--Negro servant of 11-39
John Sartoris. He was Simon's
grandfather.
Strother, Louvinia (probably Joby's 20? 21
wife)--old Negro servant of
Colonel John Sartoris. She
helped the Colonel escape
from the Yankees by having his
boots and pistols ready for
him at the right instant.
Strother, Simon--Joby*s grandson. 2-6, 24-28, 32-34, 36-
He is an old Negro servant of 40, 42, 44, 46, 50-52,
the Sartorises. He is found 60-66, 77, 78, 82-84,
murdered in Meloney Harris's 86-88, 112-119, 199,
142
Sartoris (1929)
Names:
cabin after taking church
money to give to her.
Suratt, V. K.--itinerant sales
man of sewing machines. After
Bayard has had an accident
riding a wild stallion, Suratt
takes him in his car to get
whisky from Hub. Many drinks
later Suratt drives Bayard
home. (He is called "Ratliff"
in H and other stories. )
Tobe--Negro man, the only person
who can handle the wild stal
lion which injures young Bayard,
Wagner, Hal--fictitious name
used by Byron Snopes. (See
"Butler, Joe.")
Watts--owner of a hardware
store in Jefferson.
Winterbottom, Mrs.--woman who
operated a boarding house
where the carpetbaggers lived
whom Colonel John Sartoris
killed for their activities
in Negro voting.
Wyatt, Aunt Sally--old maid
who stays with Narcissa while
Horace is away at war and for
a time afterwards.
Key: Sar
Pages:
212-216, 218, 229, 231-
234, 236-238, 241-247,
249, 270-276, 290-294,
296, 354, 355, 367-370,
373
135-144, 213
131
110, 111
109, 111
235, 236
68, 70-72, 74, 75,
151-154, 165, 168, 170,
172-176, 179-181
Wyatt, Miss Sophia--one of
Aunt Sally's two maiden
sisters.
182
143
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Key: SF
Pages:
149, 158-163
Names:
Anse--marshal of a Cambridge
suburb, who takes Quentin in
custody on the charge of abduct
ing a little Italian girl.
Ames, Dalton--Caddy's seducer, whom 99, HI, 124, 182
Quentin orders to leave town
and vainly tries to fight.
Bascomb, Maury--Mrs. Compson's
brother, who lives with and
off the Compsons. He makes
noble pretenses, but he' ib
worthless.
24, 25, 27, 28, 31-33,
62, 63, 120, 122, 193,
214, 215, 218-222, 224,
240, 242, 278
Beard--owner of the lot in
Jefferson where the carnival
is held.
Bland, Gerald--pride of his
wealthy mother. Rows in flan
nels and stiff hat like
Oxford students. Quentin,
confusing him with Dalton Ames,
fights him at the Blands' picnic
Bland, Mrs.--wealthy class
conscious mother of Gerald.
She is effusively obtuse and
brags about her son's exploits.
Burgess--neighbor of the Compsons.
He knocks Benjy out with a
fence rail when Benjy frightens
his daughter and some other
little girls.
Charlie--employee of the carnival, 66, 67
whom Quentin (female) runs away
with after taking her money from
Jason's room.
206
109, 110, 120, 124-126,
139, 159, 160, 162,
164-167, 184
109, 110, 120, 125,
159, 160, 164-166, 184,
186, 190
280
144
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names:
Clay, Sis Beulah--Negro woman at
whose funeral, according to
Frony, "They moaned two days."
Compson, Benjamin (Benjy)--idiot
son of Jason, Sr., and
Caroline. He is called
Maury by Caddy because that
was once his name. Benjy
loves his sister, Candace,
who "smelled like trees." He
is thirty-three on the day his
niece, Quentin, leaves home.
(The first section in SF is
narrated through him. )
Compson, Candace (Caddy)--
daughter of Jason, Sr., and
Caroline. Mother of Quentin,
female, by Dalton Ames. Later
marries Sydney Herbert Head,
\tfho breaks off with her on
learning of her sexual promis
cuity. It is this promiscuity
which haunts Quentin, her
brother, to his suicide.
Compson, Caroline Bascomb--wife
of Jason, Sr., and mother of
Quentin, Candace, Benjamin,
and Jason, Jr. She is neuro
tic, bed-ridden, guilty of
most of the pretenses of
Southern women of her time.
Her chief pride is that her
family was just as good as her
husband’s. Jason, Jr., she
believes to be the only true
Bascomb among her children.
Key: SF
Pages:
52
24-30, 39-42, 51, 53,
56, 58-61, 63, 65-67,
70, 71, 75, 77, 79-89,
93, 94, 101, 107, 109,
113, 121, 122, 125, 134,
142, 143, 148, 168-170,
174-176, 178, 188-190,
192, 193, 195, 199,
214, 215, 222, 224,
239, 253, 260, 268-270,
272, 273, 278, 285-287,
289-294, 300-305, 307,
309, 311, 314, 316,
317, 329-336
24, 26-28, 32, 37-40,
42-47, 52, 55-67, 70,
74-77, 80-85, 87-94,
107, 111, 113-115, 119-
121, 124-126, 128, 130-
132, 134, 135, 140-142,
147, 152, 153, 155, 167,
169, 171-173, 175, 176,
182, 192, 193 , 223 , 247,
277
25, 27, 29, 50, 73, 76,
87, 96, 112, 192, 201,
204, 216, 217, 222,
270, 271, 283, 284,
286-288, 291, 293-299,
302, 304, 314-316, 332
145
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names :
Compson;, Jason, Jr.--second son
Jason, Sr., and Caroline.
Prom the first he Is the
villain of the family (to all
but his mother), teasing
Benjy* "telling on" the others.
As a man, head of the house,
he Is one of Faulkner's most
vicious, hatred-ridden charac
ters, who seems to believe
that because Caddy's conduct
robbed him of a banking
career with S. H. Head, he is
entitled to anything he can
get and by whatever means.
Brutal to Quentin, Caddy's
daughter, he steals the money
that Caddy sends home monthly
for her.
Compson, Jason Richmond, Sr.--
husband of Caroline. Genteel
except for his tormenting his
brother-in-law, Maury, he
divides a large portion of
his time between quietly
drinking and philosophizing
cynically, restrainedly. His
drinking finally kills him.
Compson, Quentin (male)--one of
Faulkner's most complex
characters. He, while a
student at Harvard, commits
suicide by drowning, chiefly
because of his sister's
nymphomania, and partly
because his father's
nihilistic philosophy has
weakened his grip on life.
Key: SJ?
Pages:
29-32, 31* 32, 38-40,
42-46, 52, 55* 56, 58-
60, 64, 67* 71* 73* 75*
79* 81-94, 96, 99* 112,
113* 120-123* 127* 128,
190* 192-194, 200-204,
211, 213* 215, 217* 220-
222, 225-228, 230-232,
254, 255* 263* 267* 270-
273* 278, 279, 284, 287-
289* 291* 293-302, 315-
321, 324-329, 335* 336
28, 44-45* 47* 56, 58,
60, 62, 80, 89* 123*
192* 200, 216, 225, 288
31* 37-47, 58, 59* 62,
64, 65* 81, 85-87* 90,
92-95* 107* 112-116,
120, 124, 126-131* 159*
160, 164-167* 170-174,
176, 178, 179* 181, 184,
186, 193, 199, 215* 216,
218, 220, 224, 246, 277-
279* 299, 315
146
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names:
Compson, Quentin (female)--object
of Jason's hatred because he
associates her with his fail
ure to get a job with the
banker, Head. She stays out
of school to meet boys and
finally takes $7,000 from Jason
(most of which he had actually
stolen from her) and runs away
with Charlie, the carnival man
in the red tie.
Daingerfield, Miss--one of the
girls present at Mrs. Bland's
picnic the day Quentin (male)
commits suicide.
Damuddy--Compson children's
nickname for their grandmother.
Her death is kept a secret from
the children for a time.
Deacon--old Negro character who
acts many roles to secure odd
jobs from Harvard students.
His love for affectation and
display assures his presence
in every local parade.
Earl--owner of the store in which
Jason, Jr., works. He is an
example of old-school Southern
loyalty to the institution of
quality, family, and ladyhood,
in this instance his object
being Mrs. Compson. Because
of this loyalty he allows Jason
to continue in his employ even
though Jason treats him with
contumely; he protects Jason in
his lie about having invested
$1,000 of Mrs. Compson's in the
store.
Key: SF
Pages:
30, 49-51, 65, 67-69,
85, 86, 88-92, 201-
204, 208, 212, 214,
216, 221, 224, 226,
229, 236-238, 240, 254,
270, 271, 275-276, 280,
287, 292-296, 298-302,
314, 315, 324
164, 165, 167
39, 42, 45, 46, 55, 57,
82, 92, 93, 109, 170
101, 115-120
206-208, 211-213, 228,
229, 233-236, 243, 244,
252, 257, 258, 262,
265, 267, 268
147
The Sound and the Fury (1929) Key: SI?
Names: Pages:
Frony--married daughter of Dilsey 48-53, 55_58, 63, 64,
and Roskus. 75, 86, 272, 305-307,
309, 313, 314
Gibson, Dilsey--one of Faulkner's 27, 29-32, 38, 39, 43-
noblest characters, chief 53, 56, 61-68, 71, 74-
among those who "endure." 81, 83, 85-87, 89-93,
Nominally cook for the Compsons 105, 107, 109, 132,
she, with the aid of her own 171, 188, 201, 202-205,
Irresponsible family, keeps the 214, 216-218, 222, 224,
Compsons1 lives in some 225, 236, 238, 240, 253,
semblance of order. 260, 269-274, 281-307,
309-311, 313-317, 329-
334
Gibson, Roskus--husband of Dllsey, 29, 30, 37, 39, 40, 47-
probably. He, too, works on 51, 53, 63, 65, 89, 90,
the Compson placej but he does 105, 113, 118, 119, 268
not like doing so because, being
superstitious and given to
"trances," he seems that no good
will come of his association with
such a family.
Gibson, T. P.--son of Dilsey and 29-32, 40-42, 47-59,
Roskus, probably. He takes 61, 64-66, 70, 71, 101,
care of Benjy before Luster 168, 169, 177, 194,
is big enough to do so. 214, 215, 250, 314,
329, 332, 334
Gibson, Versh--oldest son of 26-28, 33, 38, 39, 4l-
Dilsey and Roskus. He is pre- 50, 52, 55-58, 63-67,
decessor of Luster as nursemaid- 76, 80, 81, 87-89, 92,
companion to Benjy. 120, 131, 133, 134
Hatcher, Louis--Negro who gives 112, 133, 134
Caddy driving lessons, and who
goes possum hunting with Quentin
and Versh.
Hatcher, Martha--Louis's wife. 133
Head, Sydney Herbert--Caddyrs 112-114, 124, 129,
fiancd, who gives Caddy a car 238, 239, 278
and promises Jason a job
in his bank. He has been
148
The Sound and the Fury (1929) Key: SF
Names: Pages:
expelled from his club for
cheating at cards and from
Harvard for cheating on examin
ations. He tries to buy Quen
tin's silence about these
matters and divorces Caddy
when she gives birth to a child
not his.
Henry--smart student in Quentin's 107
(male) class in Jefferson.
Holmes, Miss--young girl on Mrs. 166
Bland's picnic.
Hopkins--man in telegraph office 211
interested in Jason's stock
market activities.
Job (Uncle)— old Negro man who 207, 208, 229, 2 6 5 -2 6 7
works for Earl, Jason's employer.
Though Jason often curses him
for his slowness, he is unperturbed.
Julio--brother of the little 157-162, 164
Italian girl whom Quentin is
charged with abducting.
Junkin, Professor--official at 198
Quentin's school who reports
her absence to Jason.
Kenny--one of the three boys whom l4l
Quentin watches fish on the
day of his suicide.
Laura, Miss--school teacher of 107
Quentin (male) in Jefferson.
Lorraine--Jason's Memphis
mistress.
211, 250, 263, 323
149
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names:
Louis--Head's chauffeur who has
been giving Caddy lessons in
driving her car. (He is prob
ably the Louis Hatcher who
goes possum hunting with
Quentin and Versh.)
Luster--son of Frony; he takes
care of the thirty-three-year-
old Benjy, whom he often
teases. He and Benjy watch
Quentin, the girl, slide down
the tree nights to keep
appointments with men.
Mac--man in the Jefferson drug
store (owner or employee
probably).
MacKenzie, Shreve--Quentin1s
Canadian roommate at Harvard,
who is present at Bland's
picnic though Mrs. Bland
thinks he lacks the necessary
family qualifications. Quentin
leaves him a farewell note.
(Named Shreve McCannon in the
appendix of AA.)
Mike--operator of a gymnasium
where Gerald Bland learned
to box.
Mink--employee of the Jefferson
livery stable. At Jason's
orders he drives the hack in
which Jason holds the infant
Quentin, that Caddy may see
her child. In this way Jason
justifies himself in collect
ing the hundred dollars that
Caddy has paid him for allow
ing her to see Quentin.
Key: SF
Pages:
112
23, 24, 26, 30, 32-37,
39, 40, 49-52, 54, 55,
65, 67-70, 72-80, 84-86,
88, 91-93, 204, 236,
238, 239, 268, 270-273,
284-294, 300-305, 313,
314, 316, 329-336
269
9 6-9 8, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 2,
118, 120, 1 2 5, 126, 160-
167, 182-186, 189-190,
192, 193, 197
184
222, 223
150
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names :
Myrtle--daughter of the Jefferson
sheriff who refuses to accom
pany Jason in his pursuit of
Quentin (female) because evi
dence is lacking that Quentin
took the money. (The sheriff,
moreover, suspects the truth
anyway about whose money it is.)
Natalie--playmate of the Compson 153* 155
children, the girl whom Quentin
(male) kissed. When Caddy saw
Natalie and Quentin "dancing
sitting down," Quentin pushed
Natalie over and she went home
angry.
Parker--operator of the restaurant 102
where Quentin has his last break
fast.
Patterson--justifiably jealous 33* 62
husband. He sees Benjy deliver
Maury's letter to Mrs. Patterson
and takes it from her. Later he
blacks Maury's eye and bloodies
his mouth.
Patterson boy--playmate of young 193
Jason.
Patterson, Mrs.--Patterson 1s wife, 32,33
to whom Maury Bascomb sends
love notes.
Doc Peabody--three-hundred-pound 1^7
doctor who used to let the
Compson children hang onto his
buggy and ride.
Key: SF
Pages:
317, 318
151
The Sound and the Fury (1929) Key: SF
Names: Pages:
Rogers--owner of the restaurant 228, 233
in Jefferson where Earl eats.
Russell, Ab--farmer near Jeffer- 257, 259, 260
son. It is on or near his pro
perty that Quentin and the
carnival man hide from Jason and
let the air out of his tires.
Sartoris, Colonel--(Colonel John
probably, officer in the Civil
War, whose exploits were
legendary). Quentin thinks
of death as a friend of his
grandfather's, the two of them
waiting for Colonel Sartoris
to come to them from his high
place in heaven.
Shegog, Reverend--inspired
Negro preacher from St. Louis
who preaches on Easter Sunday
in Dilsey's church in Jeffer
son .
Simmons, Old Man--acquaintance of
Jason. It is from him that
Jason obtains the keys to the
old opera house, where are
kept some blank checks from a
defunct bank. On one of these
Jason writes a phony check sup
posedly from Caddy so that he
can tear it up before his mother,
leaving intact the genuine check
for him to appropriate for him
self .
Snopes, I. 0.--small-time cotton 235
speculator who is present when
Jason comes to the Western
Union office to dabble a bit
himself.
194
306, 307
234
152
The Sound and the Fury (1929)
Names :
Key: SF
Pages:
Spoade--a Harvard senior, friendly 97, 98, 110, 111, 114,
roughneck. He is also present 160-167, 183-186, 190
at Mrs. Bland's picnic. He has
never in four years arrived at
school completely dressed. He
calls Shreve MacKenzie Quentin's
husband because Quentin does not
like girls.
Thompson--owner of the cafe where 98
Spoade would come in at ten
each morning for two cups of
coffee.
Turpin, Buck--man who receives ten 249
dollars from the carnival
people for their privilege of
playing in Jefferson. (Perhaps
he is the mayor. )
Vernon--Myrtle's husband. He is 317
present at the home of his
father-in-law, the sheriff of
Jefferson, when Jason comes for
assistance in apprehending
Quentin (female).
Walthall, Parson--Methodist preacher
in Jefferson, who, to the great 264
chagrin of Jason, interferes
with the plan to kill off the
pigeons, which have become a
nuisance in the town.
Wilkie--Negro servant of the Blands 166
in the time of Gerald's grand
father .
Wright--cotton speculator who is 234, 235
often present in the telegraph
office when Jason goes there
to play the stock market
(mentioned also as "Doc").
153
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (1946) Key: SFAp
The names of the Compsons are here arranged
chronologically. All other names are arranged alpha
betically., as usual.
Names : Pages
Compson, Quentin Maclachan--son 4
of a Glasgow printer. He
fled to Carolina from Culloden
Moor. At eighty, having fought
one English king and lost and
not wanting to make the same
mistake again, he fled into
Kentucky in 1779 with his
infant grandson.
Compson, Charles Stuart--son of 4
Quentin Maclachan. He lost a
leg fighting with the British
Army in the American Revolution.
Later, after giving up school
teaching to become a gambler, he
jointed in Wilkinson's plot to
secede the Mississippi Valley
from the United States and join
it to Spain and was forced by
his own confederates to leave
the country because he was so
vociferant in his treason.
Compson, Jason Lycurgus--son of 6
Charles Stuart. In 1811 he
rode into Okatoba (in i860 still
called Old Jefferson). Within
a year he was, though still
officially a clerk, actually
partner of the Chickasaw Agent.
He later traded his racehorse
to Ikkemotubbe for a square
mile of rich land which was
later to be the center of Jeffer
son .
154
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (1946) Key:
Names: Pages
Compson, Quentin Maclachan--grand- 7
son (or, perhaps, great grandson)
of Quentin Maclachan of Culloden.
He became a governor, and he was
the last Compson who would not
fail at everything he "touched"
except longevity and suicide.
Compson, Jason Lycurgus, II--a 7
brigadier general in the
Civil War. He failed at
Shiloh in 1862 and at Resaca
in 1864, and he put the first
mortgage on the square mile of
Compson land in 1866. During
the rest of his life he sold
fragments of the property to
keep up the mortgage on the
remainder. In 1900 he died
in the hunting and fishing camp
in the Tallahatchee River bottom
where he had spent most of his
declining years.
Compson, Jason, III--the general's 8
son. A lawyer, he sat all day
with a decanter of whisky and a
litter of dogeared Roman
classics, composing caustic and
satiric eulogies on his fellow
townsmen. He sold almost all of
the remaining land in order that
his (laughter might have a fine
wedding and that his oldest son
might have a year at Harvard.
Compson, Quentin, III--oldest son 8, 9, 19
of Jason, III. He "loved not
his sister's body but some
concept of Compson honor pre
cariously and temporarily . . .
supported by the minute fragile
membrane of her maidenhead."
When Caddy threw away her
virginity, therefore, Quentin
SFAp
155
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (19^6)
Names:
wanted to be thought the partner
in her loss though "he loved not
the idea of incest which he would
not commit, but some presbyterian
concept of its eternal punish
ment. ..." Thus he could cast
himself and his sister both into
hell and guard her forever. Lov
ing death above all, he committed
suicide in Cambridge at the end
of his first academic year at
Harvard.
Compson, Candace (Caddy)--sister of 8, 10, 11, 13,'14, 15,
Quentin, III. She was doomed 16, 19
and knew it, accepting her doom
without either seeking or flee
ing it. She was already two
months pregnant with another
man's child when she married an
"extremely eligible young Indian
an," who divorced her a year
later. Meanwhile she had left her
daughter, Quentin, with her
mother in Jefferson. After a
second marriage which also ended
in divorce, she vanished in Paris
during the German occupation,
19^0. In 19^3, a picture of
Caddy, showing her as ageless and
still beautiful was seen in a
slick magazine by Melissa Meek,
Jefferson librarian. Caddy's
companion in the picture was a
German staff general.
Compson, Jason, IV--"The first 9, 11, 12-18, 20
sane Compson since before
Culloden and (a childless
bachelor) hence the last."
Fearing Dilsey because she
knew that he had stolen the
money that Caddy sent to her
Key: SFAp
Pages :
156
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (19^-6)
Names:
Key: SFAp
Pages :
daughter, Quentin, he main
tained for his mother the stand
ard of living to which she was
accustomed. After Mrs.
Compson's death, Jason committed
his youngest brother to an insane
asylum and emancipated himself
from all traditional Compson
responsibilities by selling his
old home and moving into two
rooms above a store.
Compson, Benjamin--youngest son 9, 18, 19
of Jason, III,and Caroline.
When it became known that he
was an idiot, his name was
changed from Maury to Benjamin.
He loved three things: the
golf course, formerly the
Compson pasture, his sister,
Candace, and firelight. By
Jason's order he was gelded
in 1913 and in 1933 he was com
mitted to the State Asylum,
Jackson.
Compson, Quentin--Candace's 10, 19
daughter, fatherless nine
months before her birth.
At seventeen she broke into
Jason's room and took, not
only the four thousand dol
lars that he had stolen from
her over the years, but about
three thousand of his own,
his savings of two decades.
Then, safe from Jason's wrath
because he dared not give her
occasion to make known that
he was a thief, she ran away
with a carnival man.
Beauchamp--one of the oldest
names in the country.
8
157
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (1946) Key: SFAp
Names:
Coldfield--one of the oldest 8
names In the country.
Pages :
Dilsey--the Compson's faithful
cook and homemaker. After
Jason sold the old Compson
place she went to Memphis
to live with her daughter,
Frony.
Frony--Dilsey's daughter. She
married a Pullman porter and
moved to Memphis to make a home
for Dilsey.
Grenier--one of the oldest names
in the country.
8, 9, 15, 17, 21, 22
14, 15, 21
8
Holston--one of the oldest names 8
in the country.
Ikkemotubbe (Doom)--Chickasaw 3, 6
Chieftain and foster brother
of a French Chevalier. He
granted out of his vast domain
a solid square mile of Mississip
pi land to Jason Lycurgus, part
ner of the Chickasaw agent in
the area, for a racehorse and
free passage to Oklahoma for
himself and his people.
Luster--a man at fourteen. He 22
cared for and entertained
an idiot more than twice his
age.
Meek, Melissa--former classmate 14
of Caddy in the Jefferson
school and now librarian. In
1943 she saw a picture of Caddy
posed with a German staff gen
eral and rushed to Jason in a
frenetic effort to "Save
Candace." When Jason refused to
158
The Sound and the Fury Appendix (19^6) Key:
Names: Pages
believe It was Caddy's picture,
Melissa went to old Dilsey, now
living in Memphis, to confirm
her belief that the picture was
of Caddy. Old Dilsey said, "My
eyes ain't good anymore . . . I
can't see it." Later, through
her tears, Melissa told herself
that Dilsey did not want to
know whether it was Caddy or not
because she knew that Caddy did
not want to be saved.
Sutpen--one of the oldest names in 8
the country.
T. P.--predecessor of Luster as
nurse and companion of Benjy.
He later haunted Beale Street,
in Memphis, where he wore the
cheap bright clothes manufactured
specifically for him.
SFAp
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: As
Names : Pages:
Albert--the man who works at the
soda fountain in Moseley's
drugstore.
Alford, Dr.--Jefferson doctor.
Armstid--farmer who gives the
Bundrens shelter overnight
after they have lost their
mules in the flooded river.
(He is narrator of Chapter 43.
Armstid, Lula--Armstid1s wife.
The night the Bundrens spend
with the Armstids, Lula takes
care of Cash, who has broken
his leg.
Bundren, Addie--one-time school
teacher who marries Anse.
She has two children, Cash and
Dari, by Anse; then feeling
betrayed by Anse's empty word,
"love," she has Jewel by the
preacher, Whitfield. After
Jewel's birth, she bears Dewey
Dell and Vardaman by Anse to
make up to him for Jewel.
Early she exacts from Anse the
promise that when she dies he
will take her body to Jeffersoj
and bury it in his family's
cemetery. (Narrator of Chapter
40. )
Bundren, Anse--trying to function 351-354, 357-362, 364,
as the head of a family, Anse 366-370, 389, 390, 398
is capable only of a confused 400, 402, 404, 411,
selfishness manifested in the 414-417, 419, 424-427
form of a mumbling hesitancy 435, 438, 448-450, 462
to do anything positive. He 467, 469, 473, 474,
persists in fumbling his way 476-481, 515, 516
to Jefferson with his wife's
decomposed body for a variety
of half-formed reasons, none of
484, 488, 489
517
398, 399, 401, 402,
470-473, 482, 505,
511, 515
471, 475, 476
34o, 342, 352-354,
363
364, 366, 369-372,
375
386, 396,
413, 417,
429, 441, 442, 444-■446
461, 470, 501, 529
160
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: Ae> _
Names: Pages:
them commendable: Dewey
Dell's personal desire to get
to town, Anse's wish for store-
bought teeth, and his stubborn,
unconscious desire to do some
thing positive for once.
Scarcely Is Addie's body in the
ground before he has bought his
teeth with money taken from
Dewey Dell and married the
duck-shaped owner of the grapho-
phone from whom he has borrowed
the shovels with which to dig
Addie's grave. (Narrator of
Chapters 9* 26, and 28.)
Bundren, Cash--Bundren's oldest 340, 343* 344, 346,
son, a carpenter who thinks 347* 349* 350, 354,
primarily in terms of his humble 355* 358, 360, 361,
craft. He starts to work on 363* 367* 368, 370,
his mother's coffin some time 371* 373* 374, 378,
before she actually dies and 380, 381, 384-386, 388-
completes it after her death. 390, 392-395* 397* 400,
For the second time in his 402, 406, 408, 409*
life he breaks his leg, this 4ll-4l4, 4l6, 419* 422,
time when the family wagon over- 425-427, 429-434, 438-
turns as the Bundrens attempt to 446, 448-452, 457* 458,
cross the rain-swollen, 463-466, 470-472, 474,
bridgeless river. Subsequent- 478, 479* 481-483* 491-
ly he nearly loses his leg when 496, 504, 507* 501, 511*
it is put into a cement cast. 513* 525* 526, 529* 532
At the last he becomes recon
ciled to Dari's being taken to
the asylum because the act is
an accomplished fact, he lacking
the imagination to conceive of
things other than what they
already are. (Narrator of Chap
ters 18, 22, 38, 53, and 59- )
l6l
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: A_s
Names : Pages:
Bundren, Dar 1--Bundren1 s second 339* 343* 344, 348,
son. With the exception of 349* 351* 352, 354-356,
Addie, whose well of affection 361, 363* 365* 371*
became poisoned, Dari is the 375* 380, 389* 391*
only one of the Bundrens ever 393* 404, 405* 407*
capable of love. His poetic 409-412, 422, 423* 425-
imagination labels him as queer; 427, 429* 438, 439*
he is "the one folks talk 442, 447-451* 460, 464-
about." He is despised by 466, 470, 474, 476,
Dewey Dell because he has wit- 478, 481-483* 490, 493-
nessed her and Lafe in the sex 498, 504, 506, 507*
act and thus knows about her 509-513* 524, 527* 532
pregnancy; and he is hated by
Jewel because he, Dari, wounded
by Addie's tacit rejection of him
and her concentrated love for
Jewel, makes remarks to Jewel about
his parentage, remarks that infuri
ate Jewel without his understanding
them because only Dari, thanks
solely to his penetrating imagina
tion, is aware of Addie's secret--
that Jewel is not the son of Anse.
Enroute to Jefferson, Dari plays
into the hands of Dewel Dell and
Jewel when, in an efiort to cremate
Addie's remains and thus put an
end to the obscene pageant which
now includes buzzards in its ranks, he
sets fire to the barn where his
mother's decomposed body is housed.
Dewey Dell and Jewel learn that
the burning is Dari's act, and as
soon as Addie's corpse has been
interred, they cause their brother
to be sent to the insane asylum in
Jackson. (Dari is narrator of
Chapters 1, 3* 5* 10, 12, 17* 21,
23, 25, 27, 32, 34, 37* 42, 46, 48,
50, 52, and 57. )
162
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: As_
Names : Pages:
Bundren, Dewey Dell--Anse's only 347, 355* 358, 359*
daughter. Pregnant by Lafe, a 365, 366, 369, 371,
young farmer, she is too intent 372, 374, 375, 378-380,
on her own problem to realize 385, 386, 393, 399,
her mother's death. Driven by 405, 408, 410, 413,
her desire to get medical aid 422, 427-430, 432, 435,
in a town with the ten dollars 442, 443, 446, 452,
Lafe has given her, she furi- 455-458, 467, 470, 471,
ously pushes Anse on toward 482, 483, 490-493, 495-
Jefferson when he might have 498, 501, 504-507, 509,
turned back. In Mottstown her 511, 513, 514, 524-528,
request for medical aid is 531, 532
turned down by an indignant
druggist, and in Jefferson she
is tricked by a young drug clerk
into submitting to his intimacies
in return for some pills which are
worthless. Loathing Dari because
he knows of her affair with Lafe,
she is even more vicious than
Jewel in physically aiding the
authorities to take Dari away to
Jackson.
Bundren, Jewel--Addie1s son by 339, 340, 344-352, 354-
Whitfield. Of Jewel's illegiti- 356, 359, 36l, 365-367,
macy only Dari is aware. 371, 373, 375, 378,
Jewel's nature is one in which 380, 393, 394, 396,
fury permanently resides. There 404-409, 413, 415, 4l8,
is even a ferocity in his near- 422, 423, 425-430, 432-
est approach to love, love for 435, 439-446, 448-450,
the horse which he buys from a 452-458, 460, 467, 474-
neighbor, whose fields he 478, 481-483, 493-497,
clears at night when he should 499-501, 504-514, 524,
have been sleeping. After the 525, 527, 529-532
Bundrens' mules are lost in the
flood, Anse virtually steals
Jewel's horse to give in partial
trade for a new team of mules to
take the Bundrens to Jefferson.
On two occasions when Addie's
body is nearly lost, once in the
flood and once in the burning barn,
it is Jewel who retrieves the
163
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: As_
Names: Pages:
corpse, each time as if he
needs some object on which to
vent his fury. And finally,
his fury reaches new heights
when he falls upon his brother
Dari as the authorities manacle
Dari to transport him to the
state insane asylum. (Narrator
of Chapter 4 only.)
Bundren, Mrs.--the duck-shaped 512, 532
woman who lends Anse the shovels
with which to dig Addie's grave
and who becomes Addie's successor
almost within hours after the
burial. With her graphophone in
hand she accompanies Anse to
meet her new family, "looking at
us like she dared ere a man."
Bundren, Vardaman--youngest son of
Anse and Addie. He thinks that
Dr. Peabody has killed his
mother, and so stampedes the
doctor's horses. Confusing
his dead mother with a big
catfish he catches on the day
of her death, he comes to
believe that Addie and the fish
are one; and after Addie is in
her coffin he bores holes in it
so she can breathe, unintention
ally driving the auger into her
head. His chief reason for want
ing to go to Jefferson is to some
how get the red toy train that he
has seen in one of the store
windows there. While at
Gillespie's farm he sees Dari
set fire to the barn and tells
Dewey Dell. (Narrator of Chap
ters 13, 15, 19, 24, 35, 44,
47, 49, and 56.)
358, 359, 364, 367,
371,
372, 374, 376,
378, 380-382, 384, 398,
408, 4ll, 422, 423,
427, 429, 432, 434,
435, 442, 443, 446,
452,
453, 455, 467,
481, 492-495, 498,
504-
407, 509, 511, 514,
523, 527, 530-532
164
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: As
Names: Pages:
Gillespie--farmer on the road to 497-503, 505, 509,
Jefferson who lets the 511, 513
Bundrens stay with him. He is
the owner of the barn which
Dari sets fire to in order to
cremate Addie1s body and thus
hide her from the sight of men.
Gillespie, Mack--Gillespie's son. 498-501
He helps put Addie's coffin in
the barn when the wind changes
and he helps get the stock out
of the barn when it is on fire.
Grimm, Eustace--man who works for 480, 481
Snopes. Eustace brings to
Armstid's place the two mules
for which Anse has traded
Jewel's horse.
Grummet--Mottstown hardware store 488, 489
owner from whom the Bundrens
buy ten cents' worth of cement
to put on Cash's leg.
Houston--one of those present at 401, 402
Addie's funeral.
Jody--worker in the drugstore in 517-519, 521, 522
Mottstown. He serves as look
out while MacGowan makes
arrangements with Dewey Dell and
is quite interested in the girl
himself.
Lafe--a country boy who gets 355, 380-382, 487, 488
Dewey Dell pregnant and then
gives her ten dollars with which
to buy medicine for "the female
trouble" which naturally follows.
165
As I Lay Dying; (1930) Key: As
Names: Pages:
Lawingt on, Miss--woman who advises 341 -343
Cora Tull about getting a good
breed of chickens and who tells
Cora about a possible sale for
cakes which does not materialize.
Littlejohn--a neighbor of the 401, 402, 473
Bundrens who is present at
Addie's funeral.
MacCallum, Stuart--Rafe1s twin, 415, 4l6, 421
farmer who has been trading with
Samson for twelve years but whose
first name Samson cannot recall.
MacGowan, Skeet--clerk in the 517* 520, 521
Jefferson drugstore, who tricks
Dewey Dell into submitting to
intimacies in return for some
pills that are worthless.
(Narrator of Chapter 55*)
Moseley--a Mottstown druggist who 484
refuses to sell Dewey Dell any
medicine; instead he advises
her to marry Lafe. He watches
the Mottstown marshal trying to
get the Bundrens to move on with
their wagon and its horrible
odor. (Narrator of Chapter 45-)
Peabody, Dr.--a Jefferson doctor, 364, 366, 374, 380,
seventy years old weighing 225 386, 387* 395* 398,
pounds, who, summoned too late 399* 401-403, 410, 474,
by Anse, arrives at the Bun- 511-513* 515* 529-531
drens1 house just in time to see
Addie die. Later he saves Cash's
leg after the Bundrens have put it
in a cement cast; and at the very
last he comes to the Bundrens1
aid once more when he pays their
hotel bill in Jefferson. (Nar
rator of Chapters 11 and 5-4. )
166
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: As
Names: Pages:
Quick, Lon (old)--a farmer* 415, 433, 434, 451,
located near the Bundrens, he 456
owns a descendant of one of
Flem Snope1s spotted horses
(see The Hamlet), which he
trades to Jewel in return for
Jewel's tremendous labor in
clearing his field for planting.
Quick, Lon (young)--son of Lon, Sr., 398, 399, 401, 402,
he is one of those who attend 415, 456
Addie's wedding. It is young
Lon who finds Peabody's lost
buckboard.
Samson--a farmer who puts the 404, 4l4, 415, 423
Bundrens up overnight when
Addie's body has reached its
most offensive state of decay.
(Narrator of Chapter 29•)
Samson, Rachel--wife of Samson. 416-420
She is outraged over the
treatment of Addie's body and
scores Samson and all men for
their treatment of women.
Snopes--Flem's cousin. He is a 473, 475-477, 480,
farmer living near Armstid's 481, 483
place. Snopes trades Anse a
team of mules for Jewel's
horse and other considerations.
Snopes, Flem--twenty-five years 433, 480
ago he brought some spotted
horses from Texas to Frenchman's
Bend. The horses were all sold
at auction but were so wild that
Lon Quick, Sr., was the only
buyer who ever caught his. The
horse Quick gives Jewel is a
descendant of the one he bought
from Flem.
167
As I Lay Dying (1930) Key: A_s
Names: Pages:
Suratt--owner of a talking 478, 512, 530
machine which Cash believes
he could have bought for five
dollars.
Tull, Cora--Vernon1s psalm-singing 340, 351? 359-361,
wife, vocally aggressive in 386-391? 393-395? 399?
matters of religion. (Narrator 404, 405, 410, 430,
of Chapters 2, 6, and 39.) 437, 448, 449, 459,
465? 467? 468, 528
Tull, Eula--one of Tull's 343? 361
daughters who come with their
parents to visit the ailing
Addie Bundren. Eula is fond
of Dari.
Tull, Kate--Eula's sister. Kate 341-343? 361
is fond of Jewel.
Tull, Vernon--farmer neighbor of 340-342, 344, 345? 348-
the Bundrens who is very 353? 356, 357? 366,
helpful. Among other kindnesses 368, 373? 378, 386-388,
he aids the Bundren family in 393-395? 398, 399? 409?
their effort to ford the swol- 411-413? 4l6, 423? 424,
len river and later dives into 427? 429? 435? 439?
the water with Jewel and Dari 440, 442, 443? 446-448,
to help recover Cash's tools 452-458, 468-470
which are swept away when the
Bundrens1 wagon overturns.
(Narrator of Chapters 8, 16,
20, 31? 33, and 36.)
Varner, Uncle Billy— storeowner 401, 402, 474, 515
and neighbor of the Bundrens.
Also a horse doctor, he sets
Cash's leg by very primitive
means when Peabody cannot be
reached.
Varner, Jody--son of Uncle Billy, 401
who says Jody was born in
1888, when the bridge (which
later washes out)-was new.
168
As I Lay Dying (1930)
Names:
Whitfield--a preacher, one-time
lover of Addie, and father of
Jewel. He has, according to
Cora Tull, often wrestled with
Addie's soul. When he learns
that Addie is dying he, in his
own words, realizes his sin and
resolves to confess it to Anse.
On arrival at the Bundren home,
however, he finds Addie already
dead and concludes that his
confession is no longer neces
sary, that God will accept the
intention for the deed. A short
time later, in his mighty voice,
he preaches the funeral service.
(Narrator of Chapter 4l.)
Key: As
Pages :
400, 401, 403, 404,
425-427, 429, 441, 459,
460, 468
169
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names : Pages :
Benbow, Belle Mitchell--Horace's 15, 16, 26, 28, 127,
wife, formerly married to Harry 128, 212, 318, 359
Mitchell; she goes to her
mother's in Kentucky when
Horace leaves her. When he
returns, after Goodwin's trial,
Belle, notified by Narcissa of
Horace's defeat, is at home
before him. Her greeting as die
reads a magazine in bed and eats
chocolates, is "Did you lock the
back door?"
Benbow, Horace--a Kinston lawyer, 4-6, 11, 12, 14-16, 19-
man of sensitivity, who sudden- 29, 126-132, 136-141,
ly leaves his wife because he 143, 144, 146-148, 150,
can no longer bear her coarse- 153-157, 159-161, 192,
ness. He stumbles on Popeye's 193, 197, 199, 201-219,
hideout, where he becomes 221-224, 240-250, 252,
acquainted with the principals 254-259, 261, 265, 313,
in a murder case. Interested 314, 317-319, 321-332,
in justice, he defies his sister, 334-343, 348-355, 357-
Narcissa, to defend Goodwin. 360
His defeat crushes him and sends
him back home to Belle.
Benbow (?), "Little" Belle 14, 16, 28, 127, 199,
Mitchell--Belle's daughter by 267, 358-360
her first marriage, she inspires
in Horace a mixture of vague
sexual feeling and genuine
paternal concern for her. She
is probably unaware of the former
and bored by the latter. Like
her mother, from whom she seems
to have inherited many of her evil
qualities, Little Belle has no
affection nor even respect for
Horace. (She has probably taken
his name, however.)
Binford--Miss Reba's landlord and 185, 307
lover for eleven years. When he
died two years before Sanctuary
begins, Miss Reba, heartbroken,
170
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names: Pages:
acquired two dogs and named
them "Miss Reba" and "Mr.
Binford."
Bud, Uncle--small boy who accom- 301, 302, 304, 305, 308-
panies Miss Myrtle, with whom 310, 312
he is visiting, to Miss Reba's.
As the women drink away their
woes, Uncle Bud also gets drunk
on beer he steals from them and
becomes sick.
Doc— one of three young men whom 34-38
Gowan Stevens takes in his car
when he is in search of liquor.
Drake, Hubert ("Buddy")--Temple1s 63
youngest brother. He, with
his three brothers and their
father, escorts Temple from the
court room during Goodwin's
trial.
Judge Drake--Temple 1s old father, 62, 212
who comes to court to get her
after she has given testimony
at Goodwin's trial. Later he
takes her to Paris.
Drake, Temple--only daughter of 31, 33, 34, 4l, 46-49,
Judge Drake. In evil repute 53, 55-58, 62-73, 75-78,
in Oxford, where she is attend- 80-92, 94-98, 101-104,
ing the university, she goes to 107-110, 118, 120, 121,
Lee Goodwin's house with the 123, 162-164, 166, 167,
drunken Gowan Stevens. There 170-181, 184-186, 188-
she becomes involved with the 190, 205, 207, 212, 256,
bootleggers and is indirectly 257, 269-275, 277-280,
responsible for the death of 285, 290, 339, 34l, 342,
Tommy, a "feeb" (half-wit). 344, 361, 378, 379
After being raped she accompanies
Popeye to a Memphis bordello,
where under his supervision, she
takes a lover named Red. Mad
over Red, she attempts to run
away with him and thus gets him
171
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names : Pages:
killed by Popeye. Though
she has promised Benbow that
she will testify against Popeye,
she gives false evidence against
Goodwin instead, thereby causing
Lee to be convicted of murdering
Tommy. At the last, she is
sojourning in Europe, longing
for the carnal days, of which she
is proud.
Du Pre, Genevieve (Miss Jenny)-- 25-29* 127-129* 138-
ninety-year-old great aunt of l4l, 150, 151* 153-155*
Narcissa's deceased husband, 197* 198, 219* 223* 350
she lives with Narcissa. Though
she is opposed to Horace's rather
childish flight from home, she
disapproves of Narcissa's ruth
lessness and gives Horace some
much-needed moral support in
his fight for justice.
Frank--sweetheart of Ruby La Marr 67
before she met Goodwin. He
was killed by Ruby's father in
her presence.
Gene--bootlegger who supplies 293-297
free drinks consumed at Red's
funeral.
Goodwin, Lee--Ruby's common-law 8, 9* H* 12, 16, 20,
husband, a bootlegger who 22, 23* 38, 43* 48, 52,
uses the old Frenchman's place 54, 57* 60, 65* 71* 76,
as a hideout. Tried for a 78-80, 84-88, 90-94,
murder committed by Popeye, he 110, 113* 116-120, 124,
refuses to give evidence against 129* 130, 135-137* 143*
the murderer because, though 144, 147* 150, 151*
proven a man of courage, he is 155-158, 193-196, 224,
afraid of Popeye's pistol, 265* 323* 324, 326-336,
which never misses. Goodwin 338, 344, 345* 350
is convicted and burned to
death by a mob which sets the
jail on fire.
172
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names : Pages:
Goodwin (?) Pap--an old man, 52, 53, 124, 156, 157
blind, deaf and dumb, who
lives with the bootleggers
and frightens Temple as he
taps his way from place to
place. He is probably Goodwin's
father.
Graham, Eustace--district attor- 223, 314-316
ney who prosecutes Goodwin.
He is an ambitious man with an
average mind who has always
taken advantage of the excep
tions people make for his
club foot, and with the aid of
the world about him he has over
compensated for this afflic
tion. During the trial he fre
quently introduces irrelevant
material to impress the jury.
Harris--livery stable owner who 316
was in a poker game with Graham
and passed when he recalled that
Graham had dealt the cards.
Isom--Negro worker for the
Sartorises. He drives
Narcissa's car and chauffeurs
Horace when the latter is in
Jefferson.
Joe--proprietor of the Grotto
Cafe'. Here he sponsors Red's
funeral, complete with dance
band, liquor, and mourners.
Jones, Herschell--man who has
been calling on Narcissa
until Gowan Stevens comes along.
145, 146, 148, 150,
158, 220
297, 298
26
173
Sanctuary (1931)
Names:
La Marr, Ruby--Goodwin1s common-
law wife and mother of his
child, she cooks and keeps
house for Lee and his men.
Years before, she had given
herself to an attorney to
get Lee out of Leavenworth.
Now she expects to do the same
with Horace Benbow. (She is
often called "Mrs. Goodwin.")
Lorraine, Miss--thin woman,
member of the drinking party
at Miss Reba's on the day of
Red's funeral.
Luke--bootlegger outside Oxford
from whom Gowan buys liquor
the night of the dance.
Minnie--Negro maid at Miss
Reba' s.
Mitchell, Harry--Belle1s first
husband and Little Belle's
father.
Myrtle, Miss--member of the
drinking party at Miss Reba's
on the day of Red's funeral.
Miss Myrtle brings Uncle Bud
with her.
Popeye--bootlegger born of a
syphilitic father, he is
impotent and so weak of
stomach that alcohol will
kill him. His principal
occupation is smoking number
less cigarettes. He inspires
constant fear among those who
know him because he is eager
Key: San
Pages :
9, 10, 78, 88, 125,
137, 157, 160, 217,
323, 324, 327
305-312
35, 36
173-176, 184, 185, 234,
236, 237, 249-252, 254,
269, 271-275, 300-303,
309-312, 321, 322
126
303-311, 322
1-11, 17, 22, 23, 50-
52, 55-58, 80, 84, 85,
87, 88, 91-93, 95, 115-
117, 120, 121, 123,
129, 137, 143, 147,
156,158, 162-167, 169-
171, 175, 190, 194,
196, 251-253, 256, 261,
265, 270, 273, 277,
and able to use his ever-present 280, 282-286, 290, 307
174
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names: Pages:
automatic pistol. In Goodwin's 310, 311? 313? 36l,
barn he kills Tommy, rapes 363-365? 368-378
Temple with a corncob, and
later sets her up at Miss
Reba's in a private room, where
he brings Red to make love to
Temple under his observation.
At last he kills Red and leaves
for Pensacola on his yearly visit
to his mother. In Birmingham
he is arrested for killing a man
in a small Alabama town, where
he, Popeye, has never been. He
is subsequently tried, convicted,
and hanged for a murder which
occurred on the same night at the
same hour that he killed Red in
Memphis.
Quinn, Doctor--doctor whom Miss 173? 176
Reba coerces into attending
Temple.
Red--Temple's lover, who is killed 279? 283-287? 290, 293-
by Popeye because, at Temple's 295? 297? 310
Instigation, she and Red attempt
to steal away from Popeye so
that, in the words of Temple,
"It'll just be us." Later, dur
ing the excitement at the Grotto
while Red's funeral is in progress,
his corpse falls out of the cof
fin and, when his cap falls off,
Popeye's calling card is exposed:
a small blue hole in the center
of Red's forehead.
Rivers, Reba--proprietor of the 170-173? 175? 176, 178-
bordello where Popeye brings 180, 184, 185? 187-191?
Temple. Miss Reba's coarse 231? 232, 234, 236, 248-
obtuseness helps make her a 257? 259? 26l, 264,
successful madam; she caters to 269? 272-274, 276, 300-
important people and keeps the 309? 311? 312, 321,
police in line, all the while 322
lamenting her sorrows--all
175
l4l,
145,
148,
151
158,
159, 197,
198
218,
219,
222,
223
242, 244, 316,
349
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names: Pages:
physical ones--and fussing
over her two dogs, Mr. Binford
and Miss Reba.
Sartoris, Benbow (Bory)--ten-year- 27, 28, 140, 153, 155
old son of Narcissa.
Sartoris, Narcissa Benbow-- 27-29, 127, 128, 131,
widowed sister of Horace, seven
years his junior. She ruthless
ly opposes at every turn
Horace's efforts to help j'us-
tice prevail in the Goodwin
affair and finally hurries
Horace home to his wife, Belle,
the woman she has always
detested.
Shack--one of two insipid univer- 203
sity students on the Oxford-
bound train with Horace, they
cheat the conductor out of
their fare.
Snopes, Clarence--coarse, unethi- 208-214, 223, 238, 239,
cal state senator, who seeks to 242-249, 313, 317, 319,
fraternize with Horace, believ- 320
ing the latter's Interest in
Ruby and Temple is carnal and
that he and Horace, therefore,
have much in common where women
are concerned. As a result of
his preoccupation with houses of
prostitution, Clarence discovers
Temple's refuge and Informs
Horace for a price.
Snopes, Ponzo--kinsman of Clarence, 226-238
Fonzo comes to Memphis with his
cousin Virgil Snopes to attend
barber college. Seeking a cheap
hotel they, in their country-bred
innocence, stumble onto Miss
Reba's place, where they rent a
room, thinking her large house
is a hotel.
176
Sanctuary (1931) Key: San
Names: Pages:
Snopes, Virgil— (see "Snopes, 226-239
Fonzo." )
Stevens, Gowan--young man proud 26-29, 33-38, 40-42,
of his attendance at the Univer- 44, 46-48, 50-59* 61-
sity of Virginia, where he 63* 65* 66, 71* 75* 77*
learned to drink "like a 79* 84-86, 88, 90* 92*
gentleman." When Narcissa 94-96, 99* 100, 153*
rejects his proposal of marriage 163* 197* 198
he turns to Temple, whom he
takes for a drunken ride to
Goodwin's for more liquor. Near
Goodwin's place he wrecks his
car, and he and Temple spend
the night in custody of the boot
leggers. For the fourth time in
twenty-four hours Gowan gets
drunk and is badly beaten by Van,
one of Lee's men. Next morning,
in a stupor, Gowan leaves Temple
at Goodwin's rather than face the
shameful situation.
Tommy--feeble-mlnded but kind- 20-24, 48, 55, 56, 75-
hearted man who works for 88, 90-93, 95, 115,
Goodwin. In an effort to pro- 117-121, 129, 134, 156,
tect Temple from the men at 196* 323* 344, 345
Lee's, he is shot to death by
Popeye.
Tull--farmer who lives two miles 100, 124, 125
from Goodwin's. At Tull's
house Ruby phones the sheriff
that Tommy has been murdei’ed.
Van--one of the bootleggers who 76-79* 85-88, 91, 93,
beats up Gowan Stevens and 101, 194, 196
is later checked by Goodwin
from furthering his designs
on Temple.
177
Sanctuary (1931) Key:
Names: Pages
Walker, Ed--Jefferson jailer. 218
Walker, Mrs.--Ed's wife, who 215
gives Ruby and her child a
night's lodging on the jail
premises when the hotel
ejects Ruby.
San
178
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Names: Pages:
Alice--twelve-year-old girl who 127-129
helped look after the boy
Christmas when they were both
inmates of an orphanage.
Allen, Bobbie--waitress in a res- 168, 171* 180, 201,
taurant near McEachern's farm, 203, 205, 207, 208
imported by Max Confrey to take
customers into her bedroom. The
seventeen-year-old Christmas has
his first affair with her.
Armstid--farmer who takes Lena 6-12, 14, 18-20, 22, 23
Grove to his home overnight
and the following morning trans
ports her to Varner's store.
Armstid, Martha--wife of Armstid. 10-15, 18-20, 22, 23
" Though indignant about Lena’s
illegitimate pregnancy, she
gives her some hard-earned
chicken money to help the girl
on her way.
Atkins, Miss--dietitian at the 133, 134
orphanage where the child
Christmas lived. Thinking he
has seen her in the arms of
Charley, an intern, she is
instrumental in sending Christ
mas to the home of the
McEacherns.
Beard, Mrs.--owner of the board- 43, 76, 78-80, 283, 395
ing house where Byron Bunch
lives.
Bedenberry, Brother--Negro 305, 306
preacher who, while he is
preaching, is assaulted by
Christmas after Miss Burden’s
murder.
179
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Names: Pages:
Brown, Joe--man who, for a time, 32-42, 48-51* 73* 74*
works alongside Christmas at 80, 81, 83* 84, 86-98,
the Jefferson planing mill. 101, 102, 106, 255-260,
Later he is a partner of 277* 279* 286, 287*
Christmas in a bootlegging 290, 303* 304, 331* 344,
venture, living with Joe in 369* 399* 400, 403-405*
one of Miss Burden's cabins. 4l0-4l4, 4l6, 417
After the Burden murder he
tries desperately to collect
the thousand-dollar reward for
informing on Joe. He finally
flees the community when Bunch
has him brought face to face
with Lena and her baby, of which
he is the father.
Buford (Bufe)--deputy who helps 276, 310, 433
the sheriff on the Burden
murder case.
Bunch, Byron--worker at the plan- 22, 27, 29-34, 36-39,
ing mill, who meets Lena because 41-47, 50, 55-57, 59,
of the similarity between his 62-76, 78-80, 82, 83*
name and that of Burch, her 85* 93* 282-287, 289-
seducer. He falls in love with 291* 295-299* 302-304,
Lena and serves her selflessly: 342-345* 348-351* 353-
finds a home for her, has High- 355* 36l, 366-376, 380,
tower deliver her baby, and 381-384, 388-391* 393-
makes the supreme sacrifice in 395* 397-402, 413* 415-
bringing Brown to her. When 4l8, 422, 465* 477
Brown flees, the men fight and
Byron is badly beaten. At the
last, though Lena will have
nothing to do with him, he
accompanies her and protects
her wherever she goes because,
in his own words "I done come
too far now . . . I be dog if
I'm going to quit now."
180
Light in August (1932) Key: LA
Names : Pages :
Burch, Lucas--fun-loving man who 4, 6, 9* 10, 13* 15-17*
seduces Lena in Alabama and, 22, 25, 45, 46, 77* 79*
when she becomes pregnant, 80, 288, 299* 303* 304,
leaves for Mississippi, telling 380, 390, 399* 408, 415
her that he must go for busi
ness reasons but that he will
send for her. In Jefferson he
changes his name to Brown, but
from the description Bunch gives
her of him, Lena knows she has
found her lover and serenely
waits for him to claim his own.
Burden, Beck--daughter of the 232
elder Calvin and Evangeline.
She, along with her brother,
Nathaniel, and her sisters,
Sarah and Vangie, is forced to
listen to their father read the
Bible every Sunday. He can read
in Spanish only because all his
formal education took place when
he was a Catholic in Spanish
California. Unfortunately, the
children do not understand this
language.
Burden, Calvin--youngest of 228-230, 232
Nathaniel Burrington’s ten
children, he ran away to
California at the age of twelve.
Unable to even spell his right
name, he pronounced it "Burden."
A hater of slavery, he taught
his children to despise slave
holders and hell, and he him
self killed a man in an argu
ment over the racial question.
He lost an arm in ’61 while
fighting with Kansas guerrillas.
Afterwards he moved with his fam
ily to Jefferson, where he was
killed by Colonel John Sartoris
over a question of Negroes
voting.
181
Light In August (1932) Key: LA_
Names: Pages:
Burden, Calvin--son of Nathaniel 233-238, 251
and Juana Burden, at the age
of twelve he served as ring-
bearer at the wedding of his
father and mother, who had been
unable to marry sooner because
of the scarcity of ministers
where they had been living. At
the age of twenty, fourteen
years before the birth of his
half-sister Joanna, he was
killed along with his grandfather
by Colonel John Sartoris over a
question of Negro voting.
Burden, Evangeline--wife of the 233
elder Calvin and mother of
Nathaniel Burden.
Burden, Joanna--daughter of 32, 39, 42, 44, 45,
Nathaniel and his second wife, 72, 73, 77, 81, 85, 86,
she lives on the old family 88, 214, 238, 278, 279,
property long after all the 420
other Burdens have gone.
Joanna is very active on behalf
of the Negro people and is in
regular correspondence with a
dozen Negro schools in the
South, sometimes visiting them
in person. She permits Christ
mas and Brown to live in one of
her cabins, and finally she and
Christmas become lovers, she
becoming savage and perverted
in their relationship as if to
more completely damn her soul.
After about two years she turns
to religion and attempts to
convert Christmas and make him
a sort of missionary to the
Negroes. When he refuses to
pray with her she attempts to
shoot him. The ancient pistol
fails to fire, and he slashes
182
Light in August (1932) Key: LA
Names: Pages:
her throat with a razor.
Shortly her house is ablaze and.
her body is rescued by a passer
by.
Burden, Juana--Nathaniel1s first 233
wife, a Spanish woman whom he
met in Mexico. She looks so
much like her father-in-law’s
deceased wife, that he calls
out the name "Evangeline" the
first time he sees her.
Burden, Nathaniel--son of Calvin, 230, 232, 233^ 278
who ran away at the age of four
teen and returned sixteen years
later to the home of his father,
where he could get a minister to
marry him to the mother of his
twelve-year-old son. Eight years
later he buried his son and his
father in Jefferson, both slain
by Colonel Sartoris, against
whom Nathaniel claimed no
vengeance because he understood
that Sartoris was obliged to
act as his homeland had trained
him to act. Nathaniel told his
daughter, Joanna, that the Negro
race was doomed forever and ever
to be a part of the white race's
curse for the latter's sins.
Burden, Sarah--the elder daughter of
Calvin. 232
Burden, Vangie--daughter of the 232
elder Calvin. (Her name was
probably Evangeline, after
her mother. )
Burrington, Nathaniel--New England 228
minister, father of Calvin
Burden.
183
Light In August (1932)
Names:
Bush, Lem--neighbor of the Hines
family. He took Milly Hines
to the circus in his wagon but
did not bring her back because
she ran away with one of the
circus men.
Carruthers, Miss--organist for
the church in Jefferson when
Hightower preached there.
Though she has been dead for
twenty years, Hightower still
thinks of her as being alive
and on duty.
Charley--young intern whom the
child Christmas is supposed
to have seen making love to
Miss Atkins. Christmas,
hiding in Miss Atkin's clothes
closet, is oblivious to every
thing but the sickness caused
him by the pink toothpaste he
has stolen and eaten.
Christmas, Joe--part Negro, who,
after spending the first five
years of his life in a white
orphanage, is adopted by Simon
McEachern, with whom Joe lives
until the age of seventeen,
when he knocks Simon unconsci
ous and runs away. For many
years he lives in various
cities, southern and northern,
wreaking his hatred on women
for their soft kindnesses to
him and fighting the conflict
set up by his mixed blood. At
thirty-three he comes to work
in a Jefferson planing mill.
Soon he leaves this job to turn
bootlegger and becomes the
lover of Joanna Burden, white,
Key: LA
Pages:
352
346
113, 118, 119
29, 31-42, 48-50, 73,
74, 80, 81, 83, 86-98,
102, 106, 109, 110,
124, 132, 135, 136,
214, 215, 227, 234-236,
240, 244, 258-260, 265,
267-270, 277, 279, 285,
286, 287, 303, 307,
312, 319, 320, 322,
325, 326-329, 331, 332,
343, 345, 360, 362,
363, 364, 376, 388,
391, 399, 412, 418,
419, 421, 423, 427,
436-438, 465, 466
184
Light In August (1932) Key: LA
Names: Pages:
on whose property he lives.
When she tries to convert him
to her newly-acquired religion,
he slashes her throat and sets
fire to her house. He is at
last caught but escapes and
flees to Hightower's home, where
he is killed and castrated by
Percy Grimm, a fanatical zealot
for the status quo.
Cinthy--Negro, wife of Pomp and 457-459
cook for the first Gail High
tower, at whose home she
remained until convinced of his
and her husband's death. Still
a slave, she moved into the home
of the first Gail's son, where
she remained, finally becoming
the "third phantom" in the
second Gail's life by giving
the boy numberless extravagant
accounts of his grandfather's
exploits.
Confrey (?), Mame--probably wife 175* 180, 185, 187,
of Max, whom she aids in all 198
his ventures.
Confrey, Max--proprietor of a 175* 179* 180-182,
small restaurant near 185-187* 198, 199,
McEachern's place, Max imports 201-203, 205
Bobbie Allen to work for him
as a combination of waitress
and prostitute.
Conner, Buck--town marshal of 92, 93* 286
Jefferson, he is active in
handling the Burden murder
case.
185
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Names : Pages:
Dollar--owner of the Mottstown 338
store in front of which Doc
Hines sits while his wife visits
the jail in an effort to see
Christmas. Dollar observes
that Doc acts as if hypnotized.
Gillman--owner of the sawmill of 359
which Hines was foreman for a
time .
Grimmj Percy--young captain in 400, 425, 428, 429-
the State National Guard, he 439
is a chauvinist, frustrated
because he was too young to
serve in World War I. He
atones by living in a "sublime and
implicit faith in physical cour
age and blind obedience, and a
belief that the white race is
superior to any and all other
races .... and that the
American uniform is superior to
all men. ..." In command of
the American Legion Post when
Christmas is brought captive
from Mottstown to Jefferson, he
coerces the sheriff into making
him a deputy. When Christmas
escapes, Grimm pursues him
skillfully and joyfully to High
tower's house, where he shoots
Joe and mutilates him so that
he will "let white women alone,
even in hell."
Grove, Lena--six months pregnant by 1-3* 14, 15* 17* 18-20,
Lucas Burch, she leaves her 22, 45* 76, 78-90, 299*
brother's Alabama home and 371* 372, 403* 406, 4l6
serenely sets out on foot to
find Lucas, who has promised to
send for her when he is settled.
At length she arrives in Jeffer
son, Mississippi, where Lucas is
living; because of a similarity
in names she meets Byron Bunch,
186
Light In August (1932) Key: LA
Names: Pages:
who "protects" her so well that
she does not meet her lover until
after their baby is born. When
Lucas Burch, alias Joe Brown,
flees from her, she resumes her
travels, unperturbed. She does
not mind having Byron Bunch at
tend her, but she does not seem
to mind his absence. What she
is most concerned about is
traveling, seeing the country,
before the time comes when she
must settle down.
Grove, McKinley--brother of Lena, 2
twenty years her senior, who,
when their father dies, takes
Lena into his home in Doanes
Mill, Alabama.
Halliday--man in Mottstown who 331, 332, 336
recognizes and captures
Christmas.
Hightower, Gail I--grandfather of 451, 452
Gail II, he was a bold, hearty
man, who taught himself law.
On the day his son married, he
surrendered the key of the
family home to his son and
daughter-in-law, and drove
away, never to visit them
because of a very delicate
sense of behavior inherent in
him. While he was a member of
Van Dorn’s Cavalry on a raid
in Jefferson, he was killed
robbing a chicken house.
187
Light in August (1932) Key: LA
Names: Pages:
Hightowers Gail II--one-time min- 43, 44, 53~55, 57_59,
ister in Jefferson, who died, 62, 67-69, 71-74, 76,
spiritually, twenty years 77, 80, 82, 83, 85, 93,
before he was born, the moment, 282, 283-285, 289-300,
his grandfather, Gail I, was 342-345, 349-351, 353,
shot to death robbing a chicken 354, 358, 361, 365-375,
roost while a member of Van 377, 379, 380, 381,
Dorn's Cavalry, sent to destroy 385-388, 391, 392, 395,
Grant's stores in Jefferson. 401, 407, 4l6, 419,
To live in the town where his 421-423, 438
grandfather met death, Gail the
Second came directly from the
seminary to preach in Jefferson,
bringing his young bride with him.
Here he spent the first years in
the supposed glory of his grand
father's past, preaching hysteri
cal sermons in which he was unable
to keep religion and galloping
cavalry separated. His wife,
apparently frustrated in marriage,
committed suicide. (There are
hints of homosexualism; yet, late
in the story, Hightower makes
cryptic statements, indicating
his disillusionment with marriage,
which might indicate that the
trouble lay elsewhere.) After
his congregation deserts him, he
remains in his lonely Jefferson
house, living "outside life,"
until his only regular visitor,
Byron Bunch, "restores" him by
bringing people's problems to him.
In this way the man who thinks he
"has bought immunity "from life
finds that he still has compassion
for suffering humanity: he tries
to "save" Byron from Lena but fails;
even more completely a failure is
his heroic effort to save Christmas
from slaughter by saying that he and
Joe were together on the night of
Joanna Burden's murder.
188
Light In August (1932) Key: LA
Names: Pages:
Hines, Eupheus (Old Doc)--slightly 322-324, 326-330, 332,
mad old man who preaches white 333* 338, 341, 351-
supremacy in the churches of 35^* 356-365
the Negroes who help to support
him. Many years before, he
killed the man who had run away
with his daughter, Milly, because
the man, it was said, was part
Negro. Later he refused to call
a doctor to attend Milly in labor,
and she died. Shortly afterwards,
Hines placed the infant Joe on the
doorstep of a white orphanage,
where he himself worked for five
years as a janitor and as "God's
instrument . . . to watch the
working out of His will" on Joe
Christmas. After McEachern
adopted Joe, Hines does not see
his grandson until Joe comes cap
tive to Mottstown, where Hines is
living. Once again Old Doc func
tions as God's Instrument and
harangues the populace to lynch
Joe.
Hines, Milly--daughter of Eupheus, 330* 352, 356-358, 360,
she ran away with the employee 376
of a circus, who looked to be
Mexican but was said to be part
Negro. She died in giving birth
to their child.
Hines, Mrs.--his wife, who for 327, 337* 349* 373*
thirty-three years has not 376-378, 380
known whether her grandson is
dead or alive. When she realizes
who the murderer is, she pleads
with Hightower to furnish an
alibi for Joe. Present at the
birth of Lena's baby, she con
fuses it in her mind with her
own grandson, Joe Christmas.
189
Light In August (1932) Key: LA_
Names: Pages:
Jupe--Negro man who was in the 109
path of Christmas when he
walked aimlessly through the
Negro section of Jefferson.
Kennedy, Watt--sheriff who pursues 45, 275, 390, 404, 405,
Christmas. 412, 429
Maxey--man in barber shop who 81
hears the drunken Joe Brown
talk about his and Christmas's
highjacking a truck of liquor.
McEachern, Joe— name by which 139, 144, 146, 147, 148,
Christmas is known during the 151-155, 162-164, 166-
period that he lives with his 174, 181-183, 185, 188,
foster parents though Joe him- 189, 191-197, 199-202,
.self does not accept their 204, 205
name. He leaves home after
knocking Simon unconscious v/hen
the latter storms into a country
dance hall and insults Joe's
companion, Bobbie Allen.
McEachern, Simon--stern, Calvinis- 137-144, 146, 149, 151-
tic farmer who, ignorant of 155, 157, 162-164, 166,
Joe's parentage, adopts him. 170, 171, 173, 179,
He beats Joe without rancor 185, 187-189, 191-194
whenever the boy falls to learn
his Bible lessons, and whenever
Joe otherwise offends against
Simon's rigid standard of con
duct .
McEachern, Mrs.--Simon 's wife,* she 134, 138,
139,
l4l
is a cipher before the man and 144, 152,
155, 171
boy of her family. A small, 178,
179, 185, 188
timid "gray" woman, she loves
189, 196,
247
Joe and, though she fears Simon,
she sneaks food to Joe when
Simon is punishing him. Joe
steals money from her little
hoard, rather than let her give
it to him.
190
Light In August (1932)
Names:
McLendon., Capt.--man in a barber
shop who discusses with Maxey
the highjacking activities of
Christmas and Brown.
Metcalf--Mottstown jailer.
Mooney--planing mill foreman where
Christmas, Brown, and Bunch
work.
Peebles, E. E.--Miss Burden's
Negro attorney.
Pomp--Negro servant of Gail High
tower I, he followed his
master to the war and lost his
life when he attacked a Union
officer, believing that the
Yankees were holding Gail
prisoner. Husband of Cinthy.
Russell--sheriff's deputy in
Mottstown.
Salmon--renter of cars in Motts
town. Mrs. Hines wants him to
take her and Eupheus to Jeffer
son but thinks his rates are
too high.
Sartoris, Colonel--Confederate
soldier who killed Joanna
Burden's half brother and her
grandfather in Jefferson.
Simms--owner or superintendent
of planing mill who hires
Christmas and Brown.
Key: LA
Pages:
81
334, 335
32-35, 37-41, 391
261, 278
452
334, 335
338, 339
235, 240, 241, 420
31, 32, 38
191
Light in August (1932) Key: LA
Names : Pages:
Stevens, Gavin--young district 419-421, 433
attorney, Harvard graduate, Phi
Beta Kappa, whose grandfather
publicly congratulated Colonel
Sartoris for killing the Burdens.
He makes arrangements for
Christmas's body to be shipped
to his grandparents and theorizes
on how Mrs. Hines came to think
of Lena's baby as being "Joey"
Christmas.
Thompson, Pappy--old Negro man 306
assaulted by Christmas when the
latter disrupts a meeting in a
Negro church after the Burden
murder.
Thompson, Roz--Pappy's grandson, 306, 307
who wants to kill Christmas
for hitting Pappy. As Roz
enters the church where Christ
mas is, Christmas fractures
Thompson's skull with a bench
leg.
Varner, Jody--son of Will Varner. 21-23
He tells Lena that the man
working at the Jefferson plan
ing mill is named Bunch, not
Burch.
Varner--"Varner's" mentioned 11, 19, 24
(ref. to Will Varner's store
in Frenchman's Bend).
Vines, Deacon--Negro deacon who 307
sends a man for the sheriff
when Christmas breaks into the
church.
Light In August (1932)
Names:
Waller, Hamp--countryman who 90
enters the burning house and
brings Miss Burden's body out.
Waller, Mrs.--Hamp's wife, who 90
telephones the sheriff about
the Burden house being on
fire.
Winterbottom--a shrewd farmer, 6-8
who is selling Armstid a
cultivator when Lena passes
by, enroute to Jefferson.
Key:
Pages
193
Pylon (1935) Key:
Names: Pages:
Atkinson--partner of Ord in the 168, 207, 214, 232
manufacture of airplanes.
Bullitt, Mrs.--Bob 1s wife. 31
Bullitt, R. Q. (Bob)--flyer compet- 31-33, 52, 60
ing in New Valois airmeet.
Burnham, Lieutenant Frank--one
the competing pilots who is
burned alive \vhen his plane
crashes.
of 27, 52, 55, 57, 60, 64,
73, 142, 144, 150, 152,
153
Chance, Vic--airplane builder who 47
would like to gratify Shumann
and build him an airplane, but
neither man has the necessary
money.
Cooper--writer on the Reporter's 178
paper who fills in for the
latter at the airfield.
Despleins, Jules--French stunt 27, 142, 229
flyer in the New Valois airmeet.
Feinmann, Colonel H. I.--Jewish 12, 14, 29, 32, 58, 64,
lawyer, chairman of the Sewage 73, 74, l4l, 150-152,
Board of New Valois, and 170, 214-216, 220, 222-
operator of the local air- 226, 228, 232
field; Feinmann is more con
cerned with pleasing his public
than with protecting his flyers.
Grady--one of the reporters on duty 291
at the scene of Shumann's crash
who urges his fellows to stop
talking about Shumann's sex
life, to "let the guy rest."
Grady does, however, continue
to speculate as to why the
flyers live as they do.
Grant, Joe--one of the flyers com- 31
peting in the airmeet.
194
Pylon (1935)
Names:
Hagood--city editor of the
Reporter's paper. He storms
at the Reporter for getting
involved with the flyers and
neglecting his job but refuses
to discharge him and even
lends him large sums of money.
Hank--announcer at the Feinmann
Airport.
Holmes, Jack--professional para
chute jumper and Laverne1s
alternate lover. He may or may
not be the father of the little
boy called Jack Shumann. When
Shumann is killed Jack takes
Laverne on his own and con
tinues his old life at the
various air meets.
Hurtz--the Reporter's newest step
father, who takes his bride to
Santa Monica, California, for
their honeymoon.
Jackson, Art--a stunt flyer whom
Jiggs joins in the role of
parachute jumper after
Shumann's death.
Jiggs--Shumann1s mechanic, who
shares the common lot of
Shumann1s strange family. He
takes money needed for living
expenses and buys a pair of
fancy boots which he pawns
after Shumann1s death to buy
presents for Laverne and her
son. Finally Jiggs decides
to be a parachute jumper and
teams up with Art Jackson,
stunt flyer.
Key: Py^
Pages:
62, 85-87 > 89-91, 93-99,
143, 162, 178, 179, 181,
187, 203-205, 230, 231,
238, 239, 241, 2-42, 266,
269-271, 314, 315
151
71, 82, 97, 98, 112,
113, 117, 123, 125, 128,
129, 147, 160, 165-167,
175, 182, 187, 246,
264, 296, 301, 303, 311
270
39, 264, 282, 295, 296
7-24, 29, 30, 32-38,
40, 56-59, 62, 66-73,
78-82, 84, 96-104, 112-
133, 145-149, 155-159,
163, 164, 167, 175-177,
180-193, 217-220, 245-
254, 257, 263-266, 268-
274, 276, 278-283, 295-
297
195
Pylon (1935) Key: Py.
Names: Pages:
Joe--proprietor of a cafe where 205, 206, 299
the Reporter and his associates
often go for refreshments.
Jug--photographer on the Reporter's 142, 143, 162, 230,
paper. 236
Laverne (Mrs. Shumann)--actively 19, 20, 32-34, 57, 82,
exposed very young to the 98, 102, 103, 117, 125,
evils of adult life. Her code 131, 148, 187, 198-200,
of sexual ethics is distorted, 276, 277, 303, 311, 315
and she lives openly with two
men, Shumann and Holmes, not
knowing which is the father of
her son. When Roger is killed,
she surrenders her son into the
keeping of Roger's parents and
goes away with Jack Holmes,
carrying in her womb a second
child, which she knows belongs
to Jack.
Leblanc--policeman on duty at the 156, 157, 182
airport when Holmes floors
Jiggs and the Reporter. Know
ing Leblanc, the Reporter pre
vails on him not to take the
drunken Jiggs into custody and
later borrows five dollars
from the officer.
Legendre, Dr.--doctor that Hagood 270
recommends to the Reporter for
sleeping pills.
Leonora--Negro woman who cleans 138, 264, 300
the Reporter's apartment.
Mac--the desk sergeant to whom 181
the Reporter pays Jigg's
fine for vagrancy.
Pylon (1935) Key: Py_
Names:
Marchand--one of Matt Ord's
helpers a Cajun whom the
Reporter and Shumann trick
into surrendering Ord's
defective airplane.
Monk--one of the airplane crew
members at Feinmann's.
Myers., Al--one of the competing
pilots.
Ord, Matt--former racing pilot,
now a builder of airplanes.
He does everything in his
power to prevent Shumann from
flying a plane which both men
know to be defective.
Ord, Mrs.--wife of Matt.
Ott, Jimmy--racing pilot.
Pete--restaurant man who sells
the Reporter some gin with
paregoric in it so it will
pass for absinthe.
Reporter, the--reporter assigned by
Hagood to cover the New
Valois airmeet. He meets the
Shumann company and falls so
completely in love with Laverne
that to serve her and hers is
all he asks. He surrenders his
home to the group and borrows
money for their needs. He even
signs Shumann1s note for a
second airplane when Roger's
first one is wrecked. When
Laverne, blaming him in part
for Shumann's death, tells him
to go away he is crushed. Even
so, thinking that Laverne and
her son will continue together,
Pages :
212, 215, 216, 218,
219, 227, 243
39
31, 33, 53, 60, 64,
160
97, 165, 167-175, 188,
189, 192, 207, 213-215,
218-229, 232-234, 243,
244, 292
171
31, 32, 60, 160
83
27, 41-43, 50-53, 58,
59, 61, 64-66, 74, 76-
79, 83, 84, 89, 90, 92-
96, 99-104, 109, 111,
115, 119-122, 124, 132,
143-148, 156-159, 162-
172, 175-183, 189, 201-
208, 210-220, 228, 230,
231, 233-235, 238-251,
253-255, 257-262, 264-
272, 274, 276, 278-280,
282, 283, 286, 288-290,
293-300
197
Pylon (1935) Key: Py
Names: Pages:
he conceals a sum of money in
the boy's toy airplane. When he
learns that Laverne is to leave
her son with Shumann's parents
and go away with Holmes, the
Reporter is desperately hurt.
(His real name is spoken of as
being an incredible one and is
never mentioned in the novel.)
Sales, Mac--airplane inspector ^^^ho
is coerced through a technical
ity into permitting Shumann to
fly Ord's defective airplane.
Shumann, Dr. Carl S.--Roger's
father, who was greatly
disappointed when the learned
that young Roger was interested
in racing machines instead of
medicine. He mortgaged his farm
to provide Roger with aircraft,
and he finally accepts the care
of Laverne's child (hoping it is
Roger's too), provided she will
never come near the child as long
as he, Carl Shumann, is alive.
When he breaks Jack's toy plane
and discovers the Reporter's
money, the doctor burns it, think
ing Laverne has earned it by evil
means.
Shumann, Jack--Laverne's son. His 22, 23, 64, 77* 78, 82,
father is either Roger Shumann 193* 293
or Jack Holmes. To the oft-
repeated question, "Who's your
old man today, kid?" little
Jack will come at his questioner,
fists flying.
Shumann, Mrs. Roger--see "Laverne."
173, 220, 223-226, 230
212, 214, 304, 306,
309-313
198
Pylon (1935)
Names:
Shumann, Roger--Dr. Carl's son.
He scorned a medical career
to become a racing pilot. He
shares his common-law wife
with Jack Holmes and assumes
the paternity of Laverne1s
boy, who may or may not be
his. After wrecking his own
airplane he, aided by the
Reporter, tricks Matt Ord
into letting him use a plane
known to be defective. In a
valiant effort to win a large
purse for "his family" he
loses his life when Ord's
plane comes apart over a lake
and plunges into the water.
At the end Roger's body is
still unrecovered.
Key: Py
Pages
12, 14, 20, 23, 31-35,
44, 46-48, 52, 57, 59,
62, 64, 65, 69-71, 78,
79, 81, 82, 84, 98,
102, 103, 112-117, 119-
131, 147-151, 154-156,
160, 163-172, 174-177,
179-191, 193, 196-200,
211-216, 220, 222-229,
232-234, 237, 240, 253,
255-257, 259, 272, 274-
276, 290, 292-294, 296,
302, 303, 306-309, 311,
314, 315
Smitty--one of the Reporter's
fellow workers on the news
paper .
204, 205
199
Absalom, Absalom! (1936) Key: AA
Chapter VII incorporates an extensively revised
version of the short story "Wash" (from Doctor Martino;
reprinted in Collected Stories).
Names: Pages:
Akers--coon hunter, who encoun- 36, 44
tered one of Sutpen's Negroes
covered with mud for warmth.
Benbow, Judge--judge who sells 46, 170, 211, 212
the Coldfield store for Miss
Rosa and repays her many times
over by settling her food
bills and leaving groceries on
her porch.
Benbow, Percy--Judge Benbow*s son, 212
who, after his father's death,
opens the judge's Coldfield
portfolio marked "private" and
finds that the judge had for
forty years kept strict book
on all money that he had won
and lost on horse races and had
put these amounts to Miss Rosa
Coldfield's mythical account.
Bon, Charles--son of Eulalia and 67* JO, 71, 74, 75,
Sutpen. Unaware of his JQ, 79* 82, 87, 89,
mother's elaborate plan for 90-99* 101-115, 117-
revenge, he goes to the 123, 126, 133* l4l,
university at Oxford, Missis- 148, 158, 162, 182,
sippi, when he is about thirty 190, 192, 201, 203,
years old. There as Eulalia 216, 265-270, 276, 295*
has planned, he meets Henry 296, 300-307, 309, 311,
Sutpen and goes home with him, 314, 318-320, 322, 326-
where he Inspires Judith's love. 329* 332, 334-346, 348-
Afterwards, learning that Thomas 351* 353~358, 364, 374,
Sutpen is his father as well as 377, 378
Judith's, he is willing to leave
Judith forever if his father
will but acknowledge him. This
200
Absalom, Absalom! (1936)
Names:
Sutpen will never do but
rather informs his son, Henry,
that Bon is part Negro. After
he and Henry return from the
Civil War together, Bon intends
to marry Judith but is prevented
from doing so when he meets
death at Henry's hands.
Bon, Charles Etienne Saint-
Valery--son of Charles and his
octoroon mistress, he goes to
live with Judith and Clytie
after his mother's death.
Perversely flaunting his Negro
blood he marries a very black
woman and, after having a son
by her, dies of yellow fever.
Bond, Jim--hulking, slack
mouthed son of Charles
Etienne and his mentally-
retarded wife. As the old
Sutpen house, behind which he
is living, in a shack, burns
down we finally see him "the
last of his race, seeing it
too now and howling with human
reason now since now even he
could have known what he was
howling about."
Clytemnestra (Clytie )--Thomas
Sutpen's daughter by one of
his Negro slaves. She helps
keep his home intact while he
is away at war, and later she
and Judith raise Charles
Etienne and his son, Jim Bond.
Clytie faithfully guards the
secret of Henry Sutpen’s
presence in his old home
until her secret is dis
covered; and when she sees
Key: AA
Pages :
191, 205, 208, 215
214-216, 371, 376, 378
61, 62, 70, 87, 94,
101, 125, 126, 128,
132, 142, 150, 152,
154-159, 162-164, 168,
172, 180, 183, 186,
187, 190, 191, 194,
195, 199-201, 203, 204,
208-210, 216,
271, 274, 276, 277,
281, 285, 350, 351
201
Absalom, Absalom! (1936) Key: A_ a
Names: Pages:
the ambulance coming for him,
she thinks officials are about
to arrest Henry for the ancient
murder of Charles Bon; where
upon she sets fire to the house
and perishes in it along with
the invalid, Henry.
Coldfield, Goodhue--keeper of a 43, 44, 46-53? 55? 57?
small store before the Civil 59? 63-65? 71? 73? 77?
War and partner of Sutpen for 78, 80, 82, 211, 212,
a time. A man of great moral 259? 262
strength, who preaches against
secession and who, with the
outbreak of hostilities, shuts
himself up in his home, finally
nailing himself up in his attic
as a protest against the waste
of war.
Coldfield, Miss Rosa--Coldfield1s 7? 9? 11-14, 27? 33?
younger daughter, a spinster 36, 37? 40-4-3? 48, 51?
who looks after her father 59-71? 73-77? 79-85?
although she hates him for her 87? 88, 94, 102, 104,
mother's death in childbirth. 126, 133? 138, 139? 141,
After her father's death she 142, 149? 150, 159, 164,
moves to the widower Sutpen1s 166, 168, 170, 171, 173?
home, where she is outraged by 174, 176, 180, 190, 196,
his proposal that they be 209-211, 216, 269, 277-
married provided she can first 280, 284, 296, 302, 304,
provide him with a son. Much 322, 325? 350, 358, 362,
later she discovers the invalid, 364, 367-371? 374-376
Henry Sutpen, and sends an
ambulance for him. Miss Rosa
gives Quentin her version of the
entire Sutpen story, which
reveals Sutpen as a fiend.
Compson, General--Quentin's grand- 33-35? 37-41, 208
father. He comes to know
Sutpen and lends the penniless
man seed cotton. General Compson,
through his son, supplies Quentin
with a kindlier version of Sutpen
than does Miss Rosa Coldfield.
202
Absalom, Absalom! (1936) Key: AA
Names: Pages:
Compson, Jason--son of General 12, 31* ^+3* 59* 89*
compson and father of Quentin, 128, 132, 17*** 187*
he transmits the General’s 188, 190, 191* 207*
story of Sutpen to his son, 277* 278, 335* 336
Quentin.
Compson, Quentin--Jason1 s son, 7-1*** 20-22, 31* 33* 35-
who, while a student at Harvard, 38, 40, 4l, 43* 59* 6l,
pieces together, with the aid 88, 89* 128, 129, 132, ■
of his roommate, Shrevlin 172-174, 176, 178* 179*
McCannon, the Sutpen story, l8l, 185* 187-193* 207*
parts of which have been furnished 210, 211, 215* 217*
by various people. Quentin him- 218, 220, 221, 238,
self comes upon an important 255* 258-261, 265* 266,
portion at first hand when he 274, 275* 277* 280,
helps Miss Rosa discover the 292-295* 299* 311* 314,
dying Henry Sutpen. 321, 322, 324, 325*
328, 334-336, 344-346,
359-371, 373-378
De Spain, Major--sheriff who comes 291* 292
with a posse to the scene of
Sutpen1s murder. He is forced_____________________________
to kill Wash when Wash rushes
toward him with the scythe that
he had used to kill Sutpen.
Hamblett, Jim--justiee who tries 203
Charles Etienne for fighting
with Negroes.
Holston, Alexander--one of the 1, 31-33* 43-45* 63*
founders of Jefferson who ' 275
opened the establishment which
still bears his name, Holston
House.
Ikkemotubbe--Chickasaw Indian 54
agent who sells Sutpen the
hundred acres of Yoknapatawpha
bottom land which come to be
known as "Sutpen‘s hundred."
203
Absalom, Absalom 1 (1936) Key: AA
Names: Pages:
Jones, Melicent--daughter of Wash
and mother of Milly. She is
rumored to have died in a
Memphis brothel. (Named only
in the genealogy appendix. )
Milly--sixteen-year-old grand
daughter of Wash. She bears
the sixty-year-old Sutpen a
daughter and is insulted by him
because the child is not a boy.
Shortly after, she dies by the
hand of Wash, who wishes to
protect her by his act.
Jones, Wash--poor white trash
living on Sutpen1s property.
He admires and looks up to
Sutpen and wants to be identi
fied with him even to the
extent of letting Sutpen have
his granddaughter, Milly, provid
ing Sutpen will "do right by
her," as Wash feels sure he will
do. When Milly bears Sutpen a
daughter, not a son, Sutpen
repudiates her; and Wash, the
eyes of his small, lowly world
upon him, kills Sutpen with a
scythe. A short time later he
kills Milly to save her from
suffering, and then he dies at
the hands of the sheriff, De
Spain, as he rushes at De Spain
with the murder weapon.
Luster--Negro lad who, with Quentin 187, 213-215
and some other boys, was
frightened away from the Sutpen
property by Clytie and who
later refused to go within
fifty yards of the old house.
185, 286
26, 81, 87, 125, 133,
134, 150-152, 154, 156,
161, 166, 168, 171,
172, 177, 181-187, 271,
276-278, 280-292, 358
204
Absalom, Absalom! (1936)
Names:
McCannon, Shrevlln (Shreve)-- 173
Quentin's Canadian roommate 187
at Harvard, he helps Quentin 223
put together the Sutpen story. 258
He cannot understand the 274
Southern mind, but his objec- 289
tive outsider’s viewpoint (at 311
times expressed almost brutal- 329
ly), constitutes a solid con- 346
tribution to the task that 374
faces the two young men. (Only
his nickname, "Shreve," appears
in the novel; his full name is
given in the genealogy appendix.
In SF his last name is Mackenzie.)
McCaslin, Theophilus--old man who 152
assists at Bon's funeral by
giving a Confederate yell in
lieu of the proper Catholic
words, which no one present
knows.
Pettibone--owner of the big plan- 231
tation for whom Thomas Sutpen1s
father worked. His materially
rich life helped inspire
Thomas's dream of wealth and
power.
Sartoris, Colonel John--man of 80,
valor and decision with Sutpen 189
he raised a Jefferson regiment
in '61 and rode away with Sutpen
as second in command beneath the
regimental colors which they two
had designed. After the Second
Battle of Manassas Colonel
Sartoris was replaced by Sutpen
at the annual election of regi
mental officers.
Key: AA_
Pages :
174, 176, 181,
207, 215-218, 220,
246, 247, 255, 256,
262, 265-267, 270,
275, 277, 280, 286,
292-295, 299, 303,
314, 316, 321, 324,
333-336, 339, 344-
351, 358-361, 373,
376-378
275
121, 124, 126, 152,
205
Absalom, AbsalomI (1936)
Names:
Sutpen, Ellen Coldfield--Cold-
field's older daughter and
Sutpen's second wife.
Confused, passive, fearful of
her husband, she bears him a
son and a daughter and dies,
telling Rosa to take care of
Judith, Ellen's daughter.
Key: AA
Pages :
9, 11, 13, 15-18, 20-
30, 46, 48, 49, 51-58,
60, 62-66, 68, 70-76,
78-82, 84-87, 93, 97,
99, 101-106, 121, 125,
126, 134-136, 138, 140-
142, 145-147, 149, 164,
165, 171, 188, 211, 269,
271, 279, 280, 320-322,
326, 329, 330, 363, 367
Sutpen, Eulalia Bon--Thomas
Sutpen1s first wife, a wealthy
Haitian-born woman who bears him
a son and whom he puts aside when
he discovers that she has Negro
blood. Thereafter, her life
dominated by a scheme for revenge,
she arranges to have her polished
son go to the university at Oxford,
Mississippi, preceded by a letter
of introduction to Henry Sutpen,
who is also a student there. The
final outcome of the association
between the two young men is
pretty much as she could have
wished it, though she probably never
learns of Sutpen's final downfall
since she has most likely been
robbed and murdered by her attorney
at that time. (Her name is men
tioned only in the genealogy
appendix.)
Sutpen, Henry--son of Thomas, he
is much more sensitive to the
coarseness in life than is his
sister, Judith. At Oxford he
is captivated by the polished
Charles Bon and imitates
Charles in dress and manner.
Through him Charles and Judith
meet and become engaged. When
Henry is told by his father that 317-322, 325-329, 332-
Charles is part Negro, he gives 337, 340-347, 349-359,
18, 21, 25-27, 29, 30,
62, 65, 67, 70, 71, 73-
76, 78, 79, 86, 87, 89-
115, 117-123, 126, 132,
133, 135, 136, 138-141,
145-147, 152, 155, 157,
159, 162, 201, 208,
216, 265-271, 276, 277,
292-295, 309, 313, 314,
206
Absalom, Absalom] (1936) Key: AA
Names:
Thomas the lie and leaves
home In anger. But Bon 1s
actions confirm what Thomas
has said, and a tension exists
between the half brothers
throughout their days together
as soldiers in the Civil War.
When at the war's end Henry is
assured that Charles is going
through with his marriage to
Judith, he kills Charles at the
Sutpen gate and disappears.
Years later, a sick old man, he
returns home secretly to die.
His end comes when Clytie sets
fire to the old house in which he
is lying helpless.
Sutpen, Judith--daughter of Thomas
Sutpen, whose nature she
inherits. Palling desperately
in love with Charles Bon, she
awaits him through the war
years and loses him, perhaps
without knowing why. Without
apparent emotion she buries
him and later her father.
Finally she raises her fiance's
son, nurses him on his death
bed, catches his sickness,
yellow fever, and dies shortly
before he does.
Pages :
364, 373, 374, 378
Sutpen, Thomas--son of a poor
West Virginia mountain farmer,
he comes to believe early that
material possessions are all-
important; and when, delivering
a message for his father to the
wealthy Pettibone, he is
directed by a haughty servant
to go to the rear door, the
purpose of his life is con
firmed: to establish a
15, 18, 21, 22, 25,
26, 30, 59, 61, 62, 65-
67, 69-71, 73, 75-77,
79, 80, 84, 86, 87, 90-
92, 94, 96-105, 107-
109, 119-127, 135-142,
145-147, 151, 152, 154-
159, 162-164, 167, 168,
170, 183-185, 188, 190-
195, 197, 199-201, 203-
207, 209-211, 216, 266-
271, 276, 277, 281, 283,
285, 320, 322, 328-330,
332-334, 337, 341-343,
347, 350, 353, 354, 358,
370, 377
9, 11-14, 16, 30, 32-
41, 43-45, 47-56, 59,
63, 68, 70, 72, 74, 79,
80, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90,
92-94, 96, 97, 99, 101-
107, 120, 121, 124-126,
134, 145, 154-158, 162,
165, 182, 183, 188,
190, 209, (The old
Colonel p. 213), 218-
220, 238, 239, 243,
207
Absalom, Absalomi (1936) Key: AA
Names: Pages:
dynasty of material wealth.
From then on, with great
singleness of purpose, he
directs his every act to that
end. Beginning his mission in
the West Indies, he puts away
his wife and son when he dis
covers that she has Negro blood,
taking only some wild Negro
slaves with him to America. By
devious means (including the
exchange of Spanish coins) he
acquires one hundred acres of
virgin bottom land twelve miles
from Jefferson and with his
slaves and a captive French
architect he builds a massive
house on this land. This done,
he marries a woman of good family
and has a son and daughter by her.
His design is then threatened by
the appearance of Charles Bon, his
first son, who wins Judith Sutpen1s
love--all a part of Sutpen's first
wife's plan for revenge. Rather
than acknowledge Charles as his
son and halt Judith's marriage to
Charles (which Sutpen must do if
his design is to succeed) on the
grounds of incest, Thomas prefers
simply to tell his son, Henry, that
Charles is part Negro. This deci
sion makes it necessary for Sutpen
to start over insofar as family is
concerned, for Henry disappears,
after killing Charles, and stern
Judith dons spinsterhood for life.
Sutpen, his wife Ellen dead, pro
poses to Rosa, his sister-in-law,
that they be married provided she
can first provide him with a son.
Outraged, she rejects his proposal
and he, at sixty, tries for a son
with Milly, sixteen-year-old grand
daughter of Wash Jones. When Milly
245, 247, 249, 252,
256, 257, 259-262,
266-270, 272, 273,
276, 280-290, 301, 302,
304, 305, 309, 313, 329,
331, 333, 335, 344,
348, 353, 377
Absalom, Absalom I (1936)
Key:
Names:
has a daughter Sutpen insults
her, probably as a means of
provoking Wash to kill him,
which Wash does. According to
Quentin's grandfather, who
knows Sutpen better than any
one else, Sutpen1s basic fault
is one of innocence. Sutpen
does not realize that his whole
plan is inhuman. "Where did I
fail?" is the question that he
honestly asks old Compson.
Willow, Colonel--officer who 353
reports Henry's wound to
Sutpen.
Pages
209
The Unvanquished
The first six chapters of The Unvanquished,
previously published separately as short stories, were
revised for the book. The last chapter, "An Odor of
Verbena," is here printed for the first time.
210
The Unvanquished (1938) Key: Un
Names: Pages:
Benbow, Cassius Q.--former Benbow 228, 229* 232, 234, 253
Negro called "Uncle Cash"; he
runs off with the Yankees dur
ing the war. Later he is can
didate for marshal but is
defeated by John Sartoris and
his followers.
Benbow, Judge--j'udge who arranges 259
for Redmond to sell his half
of the railroad to Colonel
John Sartoris.
Bowden, Matt--one of Grumby's 208
men. Disgusted with his
leader's tactics, he leaves
him behind for Bayard and
Ringo to kill.
Bowen, Captain--officer in the 132
Union Army.
Breckbridge, Gavin--Drusllla's 101, 219* 227* 263
betrothed, who is killed at
Shiloh.
Bridger--one of Grumby's men 205* 207
who deserts Grumby to follow
Bowden.
Burdens--two Missouri men who 229* 232, 234, 236
come to Jefferson with a
patent from Washington to
organize the Negroes into
Republicans. They try to get
"Cash" Benbow elected as
marshal and are killed by John
Sartoris. (In LA_ they are
both named Calvin, grand
father and grandson. )
Compson, General--Confederate 282
officer in the Civil War.
211
The Unvanquished (1938) Key: Un
Names: Pages:
Compson, Mrs.--old lady In Jeffer- 52, 80, 87, 88, 92,
son who lends Rosa Millard 117, 120-122, 127, 147,
clothing and an umbrella. Mrs. 148, 153, 155, 156,
Compson inspires sympathy 178, 180, 211, 218,
because her husband is gener- 220-224, 226, 227
ally regarded as queer, one of
his idiosyncrasies being that
he often shoots potatoes off
the heads of Negro children.
Cook, Celia--young girl who watched 17
General Forrest ride down an
Oxford street and scratched her
name on the window pane with a
diamond ring. (She is called
Cecelia Farmer in Int. and is men
tioned but not named in RN.)
Dick, Colonel Nathaniel G.--Union 88, 89, 120, 124, 125,
officer who pretends not to 145, 146
know that the two boys, Bayard
and Ring, who have shot one of
his horses, are hiding under
Granny's skirts. Later he
repays Granny tenfold for her
stolen silver, mules, and
servants.
Du Pre, Virginia Sartoris (Aunt) 247, 251, 253, 254,
Jenny)--Colonel John's sister, 259, 263, 265, 267,
whose husband is killed early 270-273, 275, 276, 278,
in the Civil War. After 279, 281, 291, 292
Rosa's death she comes to her
brother's home. She supports
Bayard in his refusal to shoot
Redmond.
Fortinbride, Brother--former pri- 152-154, 156-158, 177,
vate in Colonel John's regi- 178-180
ment. He is sent home to die
but lives on and preaches each
Sunday at Colonel John's church.
He helps Rosa Millard distribute
money and mules to the poor.
212
The Unvanquished (1938) Key: Un
Names: Pages:
Grumby--leader of a group of 170-172,, 183, 184, 187,
southern renegades who terror- 191-193, 195, 198, 201,
Ize their own people. He is 204-208, 210, 218, 248,
responsible for Granny's death 251, 254, 261, 283, 287
and so is killed by Bayard and
Ringo, who nail his body to the
door of the compress where Gran
ny was shot and nail his hand to
her wooden headstone.
Habersham--worker in Jefferson 253
bank who signs John Sartoris1s
peace bond.
Habersham, Martha--his wife, who 215, 216, 223-225, 227,
helps Aunt Louisa keep an eye 232, 234, 235, 241, 253
on John Sartoris and Drusilla
and who finally gets them
married.
Harris Plurella--an alias that 146, 149
Ringo dreams up for Granny
to use in her plan to trick
the Yankees out of livestock.
Harrison--Union sergeant who 34, 36
searches the Sartoris house
after Bayard and Ringo have
shot one of his group's finest
horses.
Hawk, Dennison, Jr. (Cousin 98-103, 106, 113, 116,
Denny)--Drusilla's young 147, 156, 220, 230, 232,
brother. He is ten years 233, 236, 292
old when we first meet him
during the last weeks of the
war. When he grows to man
hood he marries and reads law
in Montgomery, where Drusilla
joins him after she leaves
the Sartoris home.
213
The Unvanquished (1938)
Names:
Hawk, Dennison, Sr. (Uncle
Dennison)--father of Drusilla
and Dennison, Jr. He named
their home Hawkhurst. Hawk
died before the war began.
Hawk, Louisa--wife of Dennison,
Sr., and sister of Rosa
Millard. She is convinced
that her daughter, Drusilla,
and Colonel John are living
in sin and goes to Jefferson
to put things right.
Hilliard--livery stable man in
Oxford from whom Ringo
obtains a fine horse.
Holston, Mrs.--old Jefferson
lady whose porter witnesses
the killing of the two
Burdens.
Jenny, Aunt--(see "DuPre.")
Jlngus--Negro servant of the
Hawk family in whose cabin
the white family lives after
their house is burned by the
Yankees.
Joby--Ringo1s grandfather. He
grumbles over much of the
labor Granny assigns him but
is loyal to the Sartoris
family.
Lena, Missy--Negro servant of
the Hawks family. It is in
her cabin that Ringo sleeps.
Key: Un
Pages :
15, 97, 230, 231
105, 106, 170, 215-223,
227, 230-236, 239-241
250
237
98-101
4, 8, 12-14, 16, 18,
19, 22, 24, 25, 27, 29,
42-51, 63, 65-67, 80,
81, 84, 88-90, 135, 141,
162, 163, 165, 166, 174,
183, 212, 213, 221, 224-
227, 231, 251, 279
112
214
The Unvanquished (1938)
Names:
Loosh--Negro, Joby's son and
Ringo's uncle. Loosh is the
only one of his family to get
caught up in the idea of
freedom for the Negro. He
reveals the hiding place of
the Sartoris silver to the
Yankees and goes off ivith them
but returns to Sartoris after
the war.
Louvinia--Joby1s wife. She is
cook for the Sartorises and
ever faithful to them.
McCaslin, Amodeus (Uncle
Buddy)--twin of Theophilus.
He wins the card game which
enables him to go to fight
in Virginia, where he becomes
a sergeant in Tennant1s
brigade. Amodeus and his
brother have a revolutionary
concept of land: they be
lieve that land does not
belong to people but that
people belong to the land.
McCaslin, Theophilus (Uncle
Buck)--seventy-year-old twin
of Amodeus. He loses in a
card game played with his
brother to determine which
shall go to war. Later
Uncle Buck is very helpful
to Bayard and Ringo in trail
ing Ab Snopes and Grumby.
Key: Un
Pages :
4-6, 8-10, 12-14, 16,
19, 22-27, 41, 42, 44-
46, 48-51, 84, 85, 89,
90, 104, 125, 142, 155,
246, 279
8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19,
20, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29-
30, 31, 34-38, 42-48,
51, 58, 82-84, 86, 88-
90, 99, 106, 133, 134,
l4l, 155, 174, 211, 212,
221, 226, 227, 236, 270,
273, 275, 276, 278, 279,
281, 293
52-57
52-61, 89, 195, 172,
179-202, 211-213, 254,
259
215
The Unvanquished (1938) Key: Uh
Names: Pages:
Millard, Miss Rosa (Granny)-- 7-11, 16-18, 20-22, 26-
Louisa Hawk’s sister and 38, 41-52, 61-67, 70,
John Sartoris's mother-in-law, 71, 74, 77, 80-82, 84-
who keeps John's house going 99, 101, 103-106, 114,
during the most trying days of 117, 118, 120-158, 162-
the Civil War. Though the 171, 173, 175, 177-181,
times force her to lower her 184, 186, 187, 194, 198,
ethical standards somewhat, 199, 203, 209, 211-213,
she never does so for selfish 217-219, 221-223, 230,
reasons but to help others. 231, 233, 246-248, 250,
For a time she is able to 251
trick the Union forces out of
a great many mules and by
disguising the U. S. brand
she sells the mules back to
the Yankee army. But the
mules and money she gains
from this deceit she distributes
among her poor neighbors. Final
ly she is killed by Grumby in a
deal over some horses.
Mitchell, Unc Few--a Negro 83
"loony" to whom Louvinia
alludes when she is describ
ing the deaf act that John
Sartoris puts on when the
Yankee troops are looking
for him.
Newberry, Colonel--Union com- l4l, 145, 147, 149
mander of an Illinois regiment
from whom Granny gets her
last order of mules before
he recognizes her.
Philadelphy--Negro, Loosh's 4-6, 16, 24, 25, 27, 85,
wife, who unwillingly goes 86, 125
with him to join the
Yankees.
216
The Un vanquished (1938) Key: IJh
Names: Pages:
Redmond, Ben--a la^vyer, John 251* 254, 258-261, 266,
Sartorisrs former partner In 268, 285
building a railroad. He sells
out to John because the two
cannot agree. Sartoris
defeats him for the State Legis
lature just to spite him. This
act and John’s constant goading
drive Redmond to kill John.
Later when, with pistol in hand,
Ben faces the unarmed Bayard, he
fires two shots at nothing,
walks away, boards a train, and
leaves Jefferson forever.
Marengo (Ringo)--constant compani- 3* 5-10, 12, 13* 15-24,
on of young Bayard. Both boys 27-33, 38-41, 43-48, 51,
are the same age and both 52, 61-63* 65-83, 85~95,
nursed at the same Negro 97-103* 105-108, 110,
breast. For these reasons 112, 117* 118* 122-126,
Ringo occupies a very special 128-136, 138-149, 151-
position in the Sartoris 153* 156-163* 165* 166*
family and, being very intelli- 168-170, 172-175* 178-
gent, he often does Granny's 180, 182, 183* 185-190*
thinking for her, especially 192-197* 199-205* 207-
in the business of selling the 213* 216, 218, 219* 221,
Yankees their own mules. Later 224-230, 232, 235* 236,
he helps Bayard get his revenge 241, 244-246, 248-252,
on Grumby; and still later, 254, 267* 271* 279* 282,
thanks to Ringo's indifference 283* 289* 290
to the color line* he seeks to
help Bayard avenge Colonel
Sartoris’s death and is at first
hurt and bewildered when Bayard
lets Redmond go unharmed.
Sartoris* Bayard, Uncle--brother 271
of John Sartoris and Virginia
Du Pre (Miss Jenny), all born
in the same house in Carolina.
217
The Unvanquished (1938) Key Un
Names:
Sartoris, Bayard--John's son who,
as a boy, sees his father's
every act as God-like and
emulates him, for example, in
his, Bayard's, treatment of
Grumby. At college, however,
Bayard gradually gets a new
perspective on killing men; and,
when his father is shot to
death, Bayard, unarmed, faces
Redmond, the killer, who fires
two shots aimlessly and then
walks away from Jefferson, leav
ing Bayard satisfied.
Sartoris, Colonel John--organizer
and commander of the first
Jefferson regiment. He is
idolized by his son, servants,
and soldiers. During and
after the war he kills freely
to preserve what he considers
his rights and those of his
fellow men. At last, tired of
killing, he faces Redmond, an
old rival, whom he has long
tormented, and allows himself
to be killed.
Pages:
8, 23, 26, 29, 30, 38,
39, 46, 61, 72, 73, 77,
78, 82, 84, 102, 105,
116, 199, 200, 224, 227,
257, 261, 262,
273, 276, 280-
233,
264,
282,
244,
271,
286
6, 7, 10, 12, 23, 27,
4o, 42, 44, 49, 57, 59-
61, 64, 70, 71, 74, 76,
77, 83-85, 101, 105,
115, 120, 139, 140, 174,
212, 213, 220, 226, 227,
229, 231, 233, 236, 237,
240, 242, 245, 256, 260,
264, 268, 271, 285
Sartoris, Drusilla Hawk--daughter
of Dennison Hawk, Sr. When
Breckenridge, her betrothed,
is killed at Shiloh, she sheds
femininity and rides, virtual
ly a man, with the regiment of
her distant cousin, John
Sartoris. After the war she
lives innocently with Colonel
John and his family; but,
appearances being against her,
she is coerced into marrying
John a man she admires but
probably does not love. When
Bayard returns home after his
100-106, 109-113, 116,
118, 120-122, 170, 212,
213, 215-222, 224-242,
252-254, 261, 263, 265,
269-273, 275, 276, 278,
284, 288, 291, 292
218
The Unvanqulshed (1938) Key: Un
Names: Pages:
father's death, Drusilla meets
him, dedicated to the glory of
revenge with Bayard as the
instrument. When Bayard refuses
to act out her bloody version of
revenge, she is ashamed of him,
but before she leaves Sartoris
she has become reconciled to
Bayard's conduct, though still
believing in the glorious con
comitants, primitive revenge and
love of man for woman.
Simon--Ringo' s father and son of 18, 19., 277; 279
Joby. He has been trained to
succeed his father as house
servant, but he accompanies
Colonel John to the war as his
faithful body servant.
Snopes, Ab--though he tells 135-141, 143; 146-
people that he is in Colonel 151; 152, 157-159;
John's regiment, he never 164, 166, 168-171,
gets dangerously close to 177; 180, 182-186,
hostilities. Instead he sells 193; 195; 197-201,
to one Yankee troop mules that 212
Rosa Millard has procured from
another after, of course, the
U. S. brand has been changed.
He prevails on Rosa to deal
with Grumby, knowing that there
is danger involved. When Grumby
kills Rosa, Ab joins Grumby's
men in flight but is soon left
behind for Bayard to whip.
Sutpen, Colonel--second in command 255; 256
to Colonel Sartoris. He is
elected Colonel after the
Second Battle of Manassas. He
had previously come into the
area most mysteriously, building
a large house and starting a
family, but he refuses to join
149;
163;
173;
192;
211,
219
The Unvanquished (1938)
Names:
Sartoris and the nightriders,
preferring to rebuild his
private life.
White, Jed--one of Sartoris's old
regiment. He rides to the
Sartoris home to tell the fam
ily that Bayard is safe after
facing Redmond.
Wilkins, Mrs.--wife of Professor
Wilkins. She is acquainted
with Rosa Millard.
Wilkins, Professor--one of
Bayard's instructors in law
with whom young Sartoris lives
while he is in Oxford. It is
Wilkins who informs Bayard of
Colonel John's death.
(Colonel Sartoris refers to
him as "Judge ’ Wilkins.")
Worsham, Doctor--preacher at
John Sartoris's church before
the war.
Wyatt, George--one of Sartoris'
old troop. He is in charge
of several former soldiers
ready to see justice done
when Bayard goes to face
Redmond after Colonel John's
death.
Key: Un
Pages :
288, 292
243, 245, 246, 281
243, 244, 246-249, 266
153, 154, 156
237-239, 241, 254, 258,
260, 261, 267-270, 276,
283, 284, 287, 288
220
Wild Palms
The Wild Palms includes two complementary stories,
"The Wild Palms" and "The Old Man," which are printed in
alternating chapters.
221
The Wild Palms (1939)
Names:
Bradley--a neighbor at the
Chicago lake who, sensing
that Charlotte and Harry are
not married, is somewhat
insolent when he calls on
them to leave some supplies.
Bradley, Mrs.--his wife who, with
Bradley, leaves the Chicago
lake shortly after the arrival
of Charlotte and Harry.
Buckner (Buck)--manager of the
Utah mine, who finally leaves
his job, knowing there will be
no more pay for him.
Buckner, Mrs. Billie (Bill)--
Buck's wife, upon whom Harry
successfully performs an
abortion.
Callaghan--owner of a Utah mine.
To meet legal requirements he
hires Wilbourne as mine doctor
so that he, Callaghan, can con
tinue selling stock in his now
worthless mine.
Cofer— the real estate agent of a
small Mississippi seacoast
town who rents the doctor's
beach house to Harry and the
dying Charlotte.
Crowe--host at the New Orleans
party where Charlotte and
Harry meet.
Key: WPOM
Pages:
99, 106, 107, 109
108
179, 180, 182-187, 190-
192, 194-198, 200, 203,
204, 209, 219
179, 182, 183, 190,
193, 209
182, 195, 201
11, 17
36, 44
Doc--part owner of McCord's
Chicago lake cabin.
97
The Wild Palms (1939) Key: WPOM
Names : Pages:
Fl±nt--an intern, who, because 34-37* 40* 44, 45
it is Harry's birthday, per
suades Wilbourne to celebrate
by going to Crowe's party with
him.
Gillespie--partner with McjCprrd.
and Doc in ownership of
Chicago cabin.
Gower--distrlct attorney who
prosecutes Wilbourne after
Charlotte's death.
Hogben--man who runs the ore 188, 202
train at the Utah mine; he must
make a trip every thirty days
to keep his franchise.
Louisa--maid in a San Antonio 211
brothel where Wilbourne goes
in search of some medicine
that will serve to abort
Charlotte.
Martha--wife of the doctor whose 6, 8, 293
beach house Charlotte and Harry
rent. In the face of her ten
ants' tragedy Martha's hard
common-sense, though selfishly
motivated, is a welcome contrast
to her husband's Baptist moral
ity, which dominates his medical
training. While the doctor
storms at Wilbourne for his sin,
Martha prepares Wilbourne a cup
of coffee.
McCord (Mac)--Chicago newspaper man 88, 90, 96-104, 113*
who befriends Charlotte and 116-118, 120, 121, 123
Harry, helping them to keep 124, 129-134, 136, 138
alive their ideas of love 139* l4l, 226
although he does not entirely
agree with them. He lends them
97
318* 319
223
The Wild Palms (1939) Key: WPOM
Names : Pages:
his cabin at the Chicago lake
resort and helps get Charlotte
a job in Chicago; but he is
strongly opposed to Harry's
taking the job in Utah, and
his misgivings are justified.
Pete--Mexican employee in San 214
Antonio brothel (see ''Louisa.").
Ralph--Charlotte1s brother, who 223
once worked on a newspaper with
McCord.
Richardson, Doctor--the doctor 294, 301, 307
who is in attendance on
Charlotte when she dies.
Rittenmeyer, Ann--younger daugh- 222
ter of Francis and Charlotte.
Rittenmeyer, Charlotte--older 222
daughter of Francis and
Charlotte.
Rittenmeyer, Charlotte (Mrs. 20, 31, 38, 49, 53, 58,
Wilbourne)--believing that 81, 88, 89, 97, 102,
any state resembling marriage 104, 106, 107, 108, 114,
can be the death of love, 117, 119-124, 130-132,
Charlotte forsakes her solid l4l, 179-182, 191-193,
home and two daughters to go 196-204, 210, 220, 221,
away with Harry, a poor intern. 222, 224, 285, 287,
She and Harry hold various jobs, 288, 294, 296, 305
always moving on when a concern
for security begins to show
itself. Since children are also
a threat to her idea of love,
Charlotte's pregnancy is a trag
edy; and she prevails on Harry
to give her an abortion which
results in her death.
224
The Wild Palms (1939) Key: WPOM
Names : Pages:
Rittenmeyer, Francis (Rat)-- 38, 40, 42, 43? 47, 53?
Charlotte's husband, who, though 55? 56, 57? 58, 221-
too prudent to really be 223, 225? 226, 228,
Charlotte's mate, is neverthe- 288, 297? 311-313? 319?
less capable of loyal, unselfish 320, 322, 323
love. Being a Catholic, he will
not grant his wife a divorce, but
he does permit her to try her
experiment with Wilbourne pro
vided he hears from her monthly;
and he gives Harry a check to be
used only for Charlotte's return
fare home in case of emergency.
After Charlotte's death, Rat,
true to his promise to Charlotte,
tries to save Wilbourne, even at
his own peril.
Wilbourne, Henry (Harry)--young 12, 13? 15? 18? 20-22,
intern. At twenty-seven, inno- 31? 32, 34-38, 42, 44-
cent of love, he is swept over 47? 52-58, 81, 88, 89?
by Charlotte and after finding 96, 97? 99-104, 106-
$1278.00, leaves his internship 108, 118, 120, 123,
only a few months before com- 124, 128, 131? 139?
pleting requirements for a medi- l4l, 179-197? 199-212,
cal degree. During the next two 204-206, 211-214, 216,
years he is the loving, though 218, 219? 221, 223?
sometimes fearful, disciple of 227? 279? 28l, 286?
Charlotte and her principles of 288-294, 296-304, 308,
unmarried love. Finally he 311-313? 318, 320, 322,
allows Charlotte to persuade 323
him to perform an abortion on her
but, being too closely allied
with his patient, he blunders and
so causes Charlotte's death. In
prison for his deed, he refuses
to run away or commit suicide
because memory is all he has left
of his life with Charlotte. One
needs the corporeal body in order
to remember, and so "between grief
and nothing" he will take grief.
Wilbourne, Dr.--Harry's father who 21
left his son $2000 for his medi
cal studies.
225
The Old Man (1939) Key: WPOM
Names: Pages:
Bledsoe--man who works with the
livestock in the prison at
Parchman.
Buckworth--deputy warden at
Parchman who reports the
Convict dead. The latter's
safe return poses a problem
which can be solved only by
Buckworth1s removal. Since
Buckworth has too many voting
relatives for him to be fired
outright, he is transferred to
the Highway Patrol, where he
can do no harm.
Convict, the (also referred to as
"the tall convict")--young man
sentenced to fifteen years for
attempted train robbery. He
had not wanted the money
involved but merely the satis
faction of having worked
successfully a plan sifted from
two years of reading paper
backed novels which purported to
tell how various crimes are per
formed. His outrage, therefore,
is not at the authorities who
imprison him but at the writers
who misinformed him. When the
great flood of 1927 strikes, he
is taken from the security of
prison to help fight the flood
waters and is subsequently selected
to go in a rowboat to the rescue of
a man on a cotton-house and a woman
in a tree. After rescuing the
woman he becomes lost in the
tempestuous flood and is reported
dead. During the next few weeks he
fights and labors for his very
existence and that of the woman, who,
far advanced in pregnancy when found
in her tree, soon gives birth. The
326
331
27, 28, 71-77, 143,
151, 156-158, 161, 162,
165, 167, 168, 229,
231-234, 237-239, 242,
243- 245-250, 256, 259,
263, 265-275, 277, 331-
339
226
The Old Man (1939) Key:
Names: Pages
Convict's one goal is
to get back to prison as soon
as possible with his burdensome
passenger and his rowboat., pro
perty of the state. When he
finally does surrender himself
he reports as follows: "Yonder's
your boat and here * s the woman.
But I never did find that bastard
on the cottonhouse." In order to
save face the state officials
charge him with attempted escape
and add ten years to his sentence.
At the end, the Convict's dis
illusionment with the female sex
and his relief at being safely in
prison once more are succinctly
expressed in the one word,
"Women!"
Hamp--man in the Warden's office 328
when Buckworth suggests that
the returned convict be tried
by a fake judge and jury; he
says that Hamp can be judge and
that the Convict will be none the
wiser. (Hamp may well refer to
the Warden or to the Governor's
emissary, both of whom are
present.)
Waldrip, Mrs. Vernon--brand new 339
name of the Convict's ex
sweetheart, who once entertained
ideas of being a successful
criminal's moll. After the con
vict Is imprisoned she visits
him once; and, though he writes
faithfully, she answers but one
time, when she sends a picture
postcard showing the hotel where
she is honeymooning with her hus
band, Vernon Waldrip.
WPOM
227
The Hamlet
Incorporates extensively revised versions of
"Fool about a Horse" (pp. 33-53; from Scribner1s,
August 1936), "The Hound" (pp. 250-296; from
Doctor Martino), "Spotted Horses" (pp. 309-379;
from Scribner1s, June 1931), and "Lizards in
Jamshyd’s Courtyard" (pp. 383-4-21; from Sat. Eve.
Post, February 27, 1932). Part of the story of
"Barn Burning" (Harper1s, June 1939) is told here
(pp. 15-21) but it is not taken over as a whole;
it appears in Collected Stories, while the other
four do not. A source for the episode on pp. 197-
199, is in the short story "Afternoon of a Cow"
(first printed in 1943, but the manuscript is
dated 1937-2®
James B. Meriwether, "William Faulkner: A Check
List," The Princeton University Library Chronicle
(Princeton, 1957), P- 140.
228
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
Armstid, Henry--a poor farmer 166, 167, 331-333, 335,
near Frenchman's Bend who 336, 343-346, 348-352,
breaks his leg trying to catch 355, 357-362, 367, 370,
a wild pony he thinks he has 372-374, 376, 383-401,
bought from Hipps (secretly a 407-414, 417-420
partner of Flem Snopes); later
he mortgages all he owns to buy
from Flem a third interest in
the old Frenchman's place and
loses his mind digging for gold
which is not there.
Armstid, Mrs.--Henry's work-worn 358-362, 370-372, 374
wife, who sometimes helps her
husband pull a plow in lieu of
a horse. Henry takes money she
has earned weaving, to buy a
pony; Hipps, however, knowing
the circumstances, refuses to
sell to him, giving Flem the
money to hold for Mrs. Armstid,
but Flem pockets it instead.
(Her first name is Lula in Ajs
and Martha in LA.)
Benbow, Judge--judge in Jefferson 5
who once said of Will Varner
that a milder-mannered man
never bled a mule or stuffed a
ballot box.
Bolivar, Uncle Dick--old man whom 391-394, 397, 398, 407
Ratliff engages to locate by
means of his divining rod (a
forked peachtree branch), the
treasure supposedly buried on
the old Frenchman's place. He
succeeds only in locating three
bags of gold coin which Flem
has buried on the land to fool
Ratliff, Armstid, and Bookwright.
229
The Hamlet (1940)
Names:
Bookwright, Odum--a bachelor who
spends much of his time loung
ing about Varner's store; he
is one of three men whom Flem
Snopes tricks into buying some
worthless property, the old
Frenchman's place.
Cain--Jefferson storekeeper who
sells Ab Snopes a milk
separator.
de Spain, Mrs.--Major de Spain's
wife, whose expensive rug is
purposely ruined by Ab Snopes.
de Spain, Major--owner of one of
the barns burned by Ab Snopes.
Doshey--early settler of French
man's Bend, from whom Eustace
Grimm's wife is descended.
Freeman--resident of Frenchman's
Bend who buys one of the
Texas ponies.
George--one of the deputies who
escort Mink Snopes to jail for
the murder of Jack Houston.
Grimm, Eustace--young tenant
farmer who is used as a decoy
by his cousin, Flem Snopes, to
insure the sale of the old
Frenchman's place for a high
price.
Key: H
Pages :
65, 68, 70, 78-82, 88,
90, 92-94, 97, 166,
167, 170, 184-187, 224,
201, 302, 304, 305,
315, 341, 352, 355, 356,
367, 372, 376, 383-393,
395-400, 403, 407-414,
417
44, 45, 53
17, 18
15-21
413
309, 313, 315-317, 325,
341-344, 352, 365, 400,
402, 403, 415-417
293
400-403, 405-409, 413
Grumby, Major--outlaw who killed
Mrs. Rosa Millard (see Un ).
33
230
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
Hampton--sheriff who follows Mink 2.66, 267, 277, 284,
Snopes and finds him with 285* 288, 289
Houston's body. Hampton and
two deputies take Mink to jail.
Harris--Grenier County farmer who 11, 15
took Ab Snopes to court on the
charge that Ab had burnt his
barn.
Hipps (Buck)--Texas man (secretly 310, 312, 314
in partnership with Plem), who
auctions off the wild ponies in
Frenchman's Bend.
Hoake (Old)--father of Allison; he 153
waited with a loaded shotgun
across his knees to receive his
daughter and her husband,
McCarron, when they returned
from a ten-day elopement.
Holland, Anse--rented farms long 30, 34-36, 51* 53
ago to Ab Snopes and Ratliff's
father.
Houston, Jack--lives alone on his 71-74, 79* 103* 104,
farm after his wife is killed 180, l8l, 184, 191*
by his stallion. His body is 192, 200-202, 204, 213*
stuffed down inside a hollow 214, 216, 220, 221, 223-
tree trunk after he has been 225* 229* 231* 235*
killed by Mink for penning up 238* 277* 285* 293* 304
Mink's stray yearling and charg
ing him for its keep. The odor
of the corpse reveals the hiding
place to the sheriff.
Jim--one of Hampton's deputies, 293
driver of the surrey with the
captive murderer, Mink Snopes,
in it.
231
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names:
Jim--Negro man who is very skill
ful at disguising horses and
mules. Assistant of Pat
Stamper.
Kemp, Beasley--traded Ab Snopes
a horse that had once been
owned by Pat Stamper.
Labove--man who explains his son's
football game to Will Varner,
both Labove and Varner agreeing
that it is a foolish pastime.
Pages :
47
35-43, 50, 51
116-118
Labove--his son, who, as a student
at the University of Mississip
pi, plays football, a game he
does not like, to get his room
and board. He stays on for
several years as school teacher
at Frenchman's Bend because
Eula Snopes has him captivated.
His attempted attack on her fails,
and he disappears suddenly, know
ing that his action has not even
impressed Eula sufficiently for
her to tell her father about it.
115, 119-121, 124, 128,
130, 132, 138, 143,
156, 406
Littlejohn--deceased probably. A
boarding house in Frenchman's
Bend still bears his name.
Littlejohn, Mrs.--operates a board
ing house and looks after the
idiot, Isaac Snopes. Mr. and
Mrs. Armstid stay with her
while Henry recuperates from a
broken leg.
11, 32
60, 87, 93-96, 100,
101, 113, 186-188, 193,
194, 208, 216, 223,
225-227, 229, 231, 278,
304, 305, 312, 313,
319-322, 324, 327-330,
332, 334-335, 346, 348-
350, 352, 353, 355,
356, 358-361, 367
McCallum, Anse--brought home two 56, 316-318
wild Texas ponies that he made
into a good team.
232
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
McCallum, Old Man Hundred-and-One 185
--Ratliff says that everybody
between thirteen and Old Man
Hundred-and-One has been wonder
ing how Flem Snopes goes to bed
with his wife, Eula.
McCarron, Allison Hoake--daughter 153
of old Hoake. She braves her
father's fury to elope with the
man of her choice.
McCarron--a gambler who apparently 153, 154
reformed after his marriage to
Allison and settled down to being
a good overseer on old Hoake1s
farm. Several years later he is
shot, probably in a gambling house.
McCarron, Hoake--their son and bold 152, 154, 156-160, 4l6
suitor of Eula Snopes, who, with
her aid, fights off other suitors
and gets his arm broken during
the battle. Afterwards enroute
to the Varners, he takes Eula's
virginity and leaves for Texas
when she becomes pregnant.
McCaslin, Uncle Buck--once said 19, 33
that Ab SnopesTs crippled leg
resulted from his being shot by
Colonel John Sartoris when Ab
tried to steal the Colonel's
horse. He went on a long chase
with Bayard Sartoris to catch
Ab and punish him (see Un).
McCaslin, Ike--farmer for whom Ab 11, 403
Snopes once worked and in whose
cotton house Ab and his family
lived for a time. Holder of a
machine note that Ratliff wants
to collect.
233
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names : Pages:
Millard, Miss Rosa--Colonel John 33, 37
Sartoris*s mother-in-law; dur
ing the Civil War, she and Ab
Snopes dealt in horses and
mules together. Later she was
killed by the renegade, "Major"
Grumby (see Un).
Mitchell, Hugh--one of the town 38, 40, 42
loafers, to whom Ab bragged
about his horse.
Odum, Cliff--helped Ab Snopes*s
first wife transport her cow
to Pat Stamper that she might
get her milk separator back
from him in return for the
animal.
Pate, Lucy--Houston's childhood
friend, who became his wife and
was killed by his stallion six
months after their marriage.
Peabody, Doc— doctor from whom
Ratliff got a bottle of whisky
for Ab Snopes.
Quick--owner of a sawmill. (Evi
dence in this novel suggests
that this is Lon Quick, although
Old Ben Quick, who also appears
in The Hamlet, is referred to in
KG as being the owner of a saw
mill. )
Quick, Uncle Ben--an old man who 88, 89, 92, 94, 97
owns the goats with which Ratliff
attempts to outwit Flem Snopes.
Quick, Lon--buys one of the Texas 184, 303, 304, 309-317,
ponies, which he never succeeds 341, 342, 352, 355,
in catching. It is he who 377, 400
leaves the gate open when the
ponies escape.
51, 52, 79
238
45
65, 80
234
The Hamlet (1940)
Names:
Ratliff, V. K.--itinerant sew
ing machine salesman who
carries news from one place to
another. Ethical, cautious,
intelligent, he is a natural
opponent of Snopesism. He is
outwitted to his great cost on
one occasion when Flem takes
his half of a Jefferson res
taurant in exchange for a one-
third interest in the old
Frenchman’s place. (His name
is Suratt in Sar and As.)
Rideout, Aaron--Ratliff1s cousin,
equal partner with Ratliff in
a Jefferson restaurant.
Rideout--Aaron1s brother.
Sam--Negro boy who works for
the Varners.
Sartoris, Bayard--Colonel John's
son, who tracked Ab Snopes
down and beat him (see Un).
Sartoris, John Colonel--shot Ab
Snopes for trying to steal
his horse during the Civil War.
Short, Herman--five years ago
swapped Pat Stamper a horse
and buggy for the horse that
Ab Snopes got from Kemp.
Snopes, Ab--soured by life:
Colonel John Sartoris caused
him to be crippled; later Pat
Stamper outwitted him in horse
trading, and his first wife
left him. In The Hamlet he has
established a reputation for
burning the barns of his suc
cessive landlords with whom he
Key: H
Pages:
14-17, 19, 21, 28-34,
48, 54-65, 68, 70, 76-
90, 92-99, 101-104,
168, 170, 179-187, 224-
226, 229-234, 246, 297-
306, 315-318, 342, 346,
348-362, 364, 366-368,
370, 383-414, 416, 417,
420
417
417
40, 159, 163-165, 415
33
19, 33, 37
38-40
8, 10, 15-20, 23, 30-56,
299, 413
235
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
cannot get along. His cur
rent landlord is Will Varner.
Snopes, Mrs. Vynie--Ab's first 34-37, 39, 44, 47, 50-
wife; he traded her milk 52
separator to Pat Stamper to get
his team back, and Vynie traded
their cow to Stamper to get her
separator back. Her father took
her away from her husband and
warned Ab that if he ever
crossed his bridge he would
shoot him.
Snopes, Mrs.--Ab's second wife,
who comes with him to share-
crop on one of Varner's farms.
Snopes, Eckrum (Eck)--one of
Flem's cousins, who, ignorant
of blacksmithing, comes to work
for I. 0. Snopes in the black
smith shop formerly operated by
Will Varner.
Snopes, Eula Varner--daughter of
Will Varner, she marries Flem
Snopes after being impregnated
by Hoake McCarron. She is
overwhelmingly beautiful but
unaware of her physical charms
or too lazy to care.
Snopes, Flem--chief among the
Snopeses. At first a humble
clerk in Will Varner's store,
he becomes increasingly
important in the Varner
empire. By marrying Eula
Varner, who is carrying
another man's child, he
further advances his fortunes
and, through a series of busi
ness deals, often involving
15-17
73, 79, 227, 232-234,
275, 303, 305, 312-
314, 317-325, 328, 330,
331, 333, 343-346, 348,
352-358, 365-367, 370,
373, 375-379, 415, 4l6
107, 112, 113, 155,
157, 160, 161, 166,
304, 350, 351, 404
15, 16, 18-20, 25, 30,
31, 56, 58, 61, 67, 69,
70, 75, 76, 79, 80, 82-
88, 92, 96-99, 101, 102,
104, 107, 151, 162,
165-167, 171, 182, 228,
232, 298, 302, 304,
305, 309, 311, 315,
317-319, 322, 324, 325,
334, 337-341, 349, 352,
354-362, 366, 367, 370,
236
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
chicanery, he exhausts the 372-375* 379* 382, 384,
possibilities of Frenchman's 388-392, 402, 403, 405-
Bend and moves to Jefferson 407* 415-417* 420, 421
in search of a larger world
to conquer.
Snopes, I. 0.--nominal leaser of 72, 79* 183* 227* 229-
the blacksmith shop, whose 234, 275* 303* 304,
ordinary speech is larded with 306, 364, 368
proverbs. He succeeds Labove
as schoolteacher and serves as
counsel for his kinsman, Mink
Snopes, the murderer. I. 0.,
who everyone thinks is a
bachelor, disappears one day
when his wife shows up with a
six-months-old baby whom,
according to Eck Snopes's son,
I. 0. has fathered.
Snopes, Isaac--Flem's cousin, an 86, 87* 98-100, 191*
idiot in love with a cow, which 193* 229* Ike H.
he steals and runs away with. Snope-98, 191
After Houston, the owner,
gives the cow to him in disgust,
Isaac lives with it for a time
in his home, Mrs. Littlejohn's
barn. Here he unknowingly
stages performances which the
loungers at Varner's pay to see.
Finally the animal is taken from
him and destroyed.
Snopes, Launcelot (Lump)--a "real" 186, 225, 227* 229*
Snopes, who succeeds his cousin 232, 261, 274, 275*
Flem as clerk at Varner's store, 342, 348, 354, 370,
announcing daily when Isaac and 371* 373-375* 401-403*
the cow are ready to perform. 415* 4l6
He aids Flem religiously in the
latter's chicanery, even to the
point of perjuring himself. After
Mink has killed Houston, "Lump"
tries desperately to come at the
money which the slain man has in
his wallet.
237
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
Snopes, Mink--another of Flem's 83, 86, 87, 103, 104,
cousins, who lets his heifer 180-181, 183, 184, 227,
range on Houston's land and 232, 251, 266, 267,
kills Houston when he pens up 276, 285, 292, 305, 366
the heifer and wins a judgment
of three dollars against Mink
for pasturage fee. Mink, believ
ing his crime justified, remains
at home after stuffing Houston's
body in a hollow tree trunk. He
is soon apprehended, tried, and
sentenced to life imprisonment
even while he curses Flem for not
coming to his aid.
Snopes, Saint Elmo--I. O.'s oafish 363
son, who steals candy from
Varner's store.
Snopes, Wallstreet--oldest son of 303, 306, 318, 322,
Eckrum, the blacksmith. The 323, 346
boy had no first name until he
was about ten, at which time
he was given the name "Wall-
street" in hopes it might make
him rich like the people that
run the Wallstreet Panic.
"Wall" is active in helping his
father try to catch the two
Texas ponies which Eck has
acquired.
Stamper, Pat--peerless horsetrader, 33-36, 38-49
with or without ethics. Traded
Ab a pair of worthless mules
for Ab's doctored-up horse; and
when Ab, realizing he had been
fooled, wanted to trade back,
Stamper gave him his original
horse disguised, in exchange for
the mules and Mrs. Snopes's
milk separator.
238
The Hamlet (1940) Key: H
Names: Pages:
Trumbul1--Varner's blacksmith for 67, 71-73, 75, 76
years, who loses his place to
the Snopeses.
Tull, Mrs.--"A strong, full- 347, 357, 369, 370,
bosomed . . . woman with an 373, 375, 376, 37°,
expression of grim and seeth- 379
ing outrage," who dominates her
husband and their four daughters.
She sues Eck for the damages his
pony causes Tull, but she loses
the suit because Eck does not have
a bill of sale for the pony.
(She is named Cora in As.)
Tull, Vernon--gentle farmer, 10-12, 70, 78-81, 166,
"Archetype . . . of all men 167, 170, 303, 304,
who marry young and father 347, 348, 357, 367,
only daughters and are them- 369, 370, 375-379, 415-
selves but the eldest daughter 417
of their own wives." When
Eck1s pony runs Tull down he is
injured so badly that he is
unable to work for several days.
Varner, Jody--the ninth of Will's 7-14, 16, 18-21, 23-28,
sixteen children, the only son 30-32, 48, 53, 59-6l,
to remain at home, where he 64-70, 76, 88, 89, 92,
helps look after the family 94, 95, 102, 109-114,
interests. It is chiefly 136, 143, 144, 152,
through his agency that the 162-164, 183, 269, 276,
Snopeses first begin to penetrate 310-312, 362-365
the Varner empire, and he spends
much time regretting his short
sightedness. It is also he who
is chiefly concerned about having
his sister Eula get an education,
and it is he who suffers most
keenly for her obliviousness to
propriety.
239
The Hamlet (1940)
Names :
Varner, Mrs.--Will1s wife, a
cheery, bustling woman who
loves household routine (cook
ing, preserving, etc.) as an
end in itself. Her interests
are not at all mental, but
physical, and her reaction to
Jody's uproar about Eula1s
pregnancy is one of outrage
because her nap has been
interrupted.
Varner, Will--chief man of the
country, fountainhead of
advice, farmer, usurer,
veterinarian, owner of most
of the good land in the coun
try, he holds mortgages on most
of the rest--owns the store,
cotton gin and combined grist
mill and blacksmith shop. A
shrewd man of strength and
courage, he unexplainably
allows Flem to penetrate more
and more deeply into his king
dom. It is obviously Will who
arranges for Flem to marry
Eula. This one act is easily
explained: he wants to get his
unmarried, pregnant daughter
off his hands.
Key: H
Pages:
11, 89, 108, 109, 111,
112, 116, 148, 150,
161-165, 351, 4o4, 415,
416
3, 4, 5, 11-13, 28-32,
54, 55, 58, 61, 62, 65,
66, 68-70, 73, 75, 76,
80, 82, 89, 95, 100-
102, 104, 108-110, 115,
116, 119-121, 123-126,
130, 132, 134, 139,
143, 144, 146, 149,
155-167, 179-185, 204,
230-232, 245-248, 257,
261, 269, 276, 292,
293, 302, 304, 315,
324, 340, 349-352, 368,
375, 384, 386, 391,
401-407, 415-417, 419
Whitfield--"harsh, stupid, honest, 231-233
superstitious and upright min
ister, holder of no degrees."
To cure Isaac of his passion
for the cow he suggests that the
animal be slaughtered and that
a piece of its cooked flesh be
fed to the idiot, who thereafter
"wont want to chase nothing but
human women."
The Hamlet (1940) Key:
Names:
Winterbottom--resident of 402
Frenchman's Bend with whom
Launcelot Snopes boards and
with whom Eustace Grimm takes
his meals while he is in the
hamlet.
Pages
241
Intruder In the Dust (1948)
Names:
Beauchamp, Lucas--proud Negro
farmer whose grandfather was
white. Because Lucas knows
and threatens to reveal that
Crawford Gowrie is stealing
lumber from his brother, Vinson
Gowrie, and their uncle,
Crawford kills Vinson and makes
it appear that Lucas is the
murderer. Expecting a lynching
party at any moment, Lucas
cooly manipulates from behind
jail bars and prevails on young
Chick Mallison to open Vinson's
grave, a first step leading to
Lucas's eventual exoneration on
the false charge.
Beauchamp, Molly--wife of Lucas.
She is now dead.
Compson, General--one of the
hunters with Major de Spain.
Dandridge, Miss Maggie--Charles
Mallison's grandmother.
de Spain, Major--cousin of Chick's
grandfather. The Major once
had an annual hunting camp
twelve miles out of Jefferson.
Downs, Mrs.--an old white woman
who tells fortunes, cures
hexes, and finds things that
are lost.
Edmonds, Carothers--owner of the
property on which Lucas has
long been a tenant. He is an
old friend of Gavin Stevens.
Key: Int
Pages:
3, 6-8, 10, 13-15, 17-
20, 22-29, 31-34, 36,
37, 39-45, 48, 49, 58-
66, 68-70, 72, 73, 78-
87, 90, 101, 109, 117-
119, 128, 130, 137,
138, 144, 147,152, 153,
155, 162, 178, 179,
181, 188, 192, 193,
195-204, 208, 210-228,
232, 234, 236, 240-247
15, 22, 23, 25, 87,
119, 242
93
15
93
71
3-10, 12, 13, 16-19,
22, 25, 28, 30, 36,
44, 93, 151, 152
Intruder in the Dust (1948) Key: Int
Nam e s:
Ephraim--old Negro man, father of 63,
Paralee. He intuitively locates
a long-lost ring oelonging to
Chick's mother. At the same time
he tells Chick that if he ever
needs to have anything done "out
of the common run" not to waste his
time on the menfolks but to have
the women and children do it.
Fathers, Sam--son of a Chickasaw 93
chieftain. Sam had been the
best woodsman of all at de
Spain's old hunting camp.
Fraser, Doyle--son of Squire 37
Fraser.
Fraser, Squire Adam--owner of 27,
the store near which Vinson 219
Gowrie is killed.
Gowrie, Amanda Workitt--deceased 101
wife of N. B. Forrest Gowrie.
Her body lies in the Gowrie
burial plot.
Gowrie, Bilbo--twin of Vardaman. 165
Bilbo and Vardaman are the
next to the youngest of Nub
Gowrie1s sons. (See "Gowrie,
Vardaman.")
Gowrie, Bryan--thlrd oldest son 165
of Nub Gowrie. He is the
unifying force of the Gowrie
family which makes it possible
for their farm to support them.
Pages :
70, 71, 112,
30, 34, 39,
228, 229
243
Intruder in the Dust (1948)
Names :
Gowrie, Crawford--second son of
Nub Gowrie. Lucas sees
Crawford stealing lumber from
his partners, his brother,
Vinson Gowrie, and his uncle,
Sudley Workitt. When Lucas
threatens him with exposure,
Crawford kills Vinson under
circumstances planned to make
Lucas appear to be the murderer.
Soon after, Crawford sees
Vinson's body removed from its
grave by Jake Montgomery, who
also knows of Crawford's evil
deeds; and either because he
is not getting enough blackmail
pay from Crawford or because he
hates him, apparently plans to
take the body to the sheriff to
prove that only Crawford's German
Luger could have killed Vinson.
Crawford then kills Jake and,
desperate for time, puts Jake's
body into Vinson's grave and
throws Vinson's body into a bed
of quicksand. Later that night
Crawford sees Chick Mallison's
party, thinking to find Vinson's
body, discover Jake's instead.
After they have returned Jake's
body to the grave and left,
Crawford has to dig up and put
Jake's body in another place.
This he does in a shallow grave
nearby. Only a little later, his
crimes discovered, Crawford com
mits suicide before Sheriff Hampton
apprehends him.
Gowrie, N. B. Forrest--husband of 101, 164
Amanda. He is old Nub Gowrie's
oldest son.
Key: Int
Pages :
164, 192, 197, 199,
201, 202, 204, 208,
210, 218-220, 222-230,
237, 243
244
Intruder in the Dust (1948) Key: Int
Names: Pages:
Gowrie, Nub--fierce old one-armed 79-81, 138, 160-163,
father of six sons, long 167* 168, 171* 173*
motherless. 175* 177-179* 192, 197*
219, 230
Gowrie, Vardaman--twin of Bilbo. 1
He and Bilbo spend their nights 165
hunting and their days sleeping
on the bare planks of the front
gallery of their home.
Gowrie, Vinson--youngest son of 27* 28, 34, 38, 40,
Nub Gowrie. He is engaged in 62, 63* 86, 104, 109*
many business ventures, one 115* 117* 153* 164,
of which is his partnership 165* 173* 175* 178,
with his brother, Crawford. 179* 188, 192, 201,
This association costs him his 214, 220-225, 227-229,
life because Crawford, who has 231* 237
been stealing from Vinson, kills
him when Lucas threatens to tell
Vinson of the theft.
Grenier--one of the founders of 75* 76
Yoknapatawpha County.
Grinnup, Lonnie--simple-minded 76
descendant of Louis Grenier,
one of the three founders of
Yoknapatawpha County.
Habersham, Miss Eunice--a kinless 75-78, 80, 82, 87* 89*
spinster of seventy. Feeling 90, 92-95* 98-114,
a special Interest In Lucas, 116-119, 121, 127-130,
perhaps because her grand- 132, 133* 138, 142,
parents once owned the parents 144, 150, 158, 159*
of Molly, Lucas's wife, Miss 169, 185* 186, 193*
Habersham is instrumental in 198, 208, 209* 212,
proving Lucas innocent of 221, 223, 228, 234,
murder. Quick to believe the 237* 241-244
story Lucas tells Chick, she
accompanies Chick and Aleck
Sander to the Gowries' country
burial place, where they find
Jake Montgomery's body in
Vinson's grave. Miss Habersham's
245
Intruder in the Dust (1948) Key: Int
Names: Pages:
presence at this time makes
the boys' subsequent report to
Hampton convincing enough for
the Sheriff to go to work on
the case.
Halliday, Jim--county recorder,
perhaps.
Hampton, Hope--sheriff of
Yoknapatawpha County. A less
able man in the sheriff's
position might have failed to
save Lucas. Hampton, however,
armed with information fur
nished him by Miss Habersham
and the boys, succeeds in
seeing justice done.
Hampton, Mrs.--wife of Sheriff
Hampton.
Hogganbeck, Boon--part Chickasaw
Indian. He had been a member
of de Spain's hunting camp.
Holston--one of the founders of
Yoknapatawpha County.
Ingrum, Willy--the Jefferson
Marshal. As Gavin Stevens and
Hope Hampton both know, the
surest way to spread informa
tion is to give it to Willy and
tell him to say nothing about
it.
110
31, 34, 40, 44, 52-54,
56, 62, 64, 73, 79-81,
83, 89, 107, 111, 113,
117, 118, 131, 136,
139, l4o, 142, 143,
192, 197, 203, 204,
210, 211, 223-225,
229, 231-234, 240,
242, 245
107
93
75, 76
136, 140-142, 184,
212, 221, 232, 237
Joe--Negro boy who works for
Edmonds.
7
246
Intruder in the Dust (1948)
Names:
Legate, Will--man whom the sheriff
stations outside the Jefferson
jail to help protect Lucas.
Legate is an excellent marksman
with a rifle. It Is he who
secretly transports Lucas from
the jail to Hampton's house.
Lilley--owner of a small store
patronized chiefly by Negroes.
He voices his willingness to
help lynch Lucas, that is, if
the boys need him.
Mallison, Charles, Jr. (Chick)--
young nephew of Gavin Stevens.
When he falls Into an icy
creek on the Edmonds1 place
one November day and is fished
out by Lucas and virtually
coerced into being a guest at
Lucas's Negro cabin, Chick
attempts to pay Lucas for his
hospitality. Lucas, aggressive
ly unwilling to concede the
relationship implied by such an
act spurns the money. In the
months that follow, Chick, con
fused by Beauchamp's behavior,
tries in various ways to pay
Lucas off for his services; but
every favor, every gift Chick
bestows on Lucas, the latter
repays in kind. It is partly
this tension which influences
Chick to undertake the frighten
ing assignment of digging up the
body of Vinson Gowrie in* order
to prove Lucas innocent of mur
der .
Key: Int
Pages :
52-54, 62, 66-68, 79,
80, 83, 114, 115, 117,
121, 138, 142, 224
48, 49
32, 68, 87, 104, 113,
117, 209, 224, 228,
234, 242
Mallison, Charles, Sr. (Charlie, 32, 105, 124, 127
Charley)--Chick1s father.
247
Intruder in the Dust (1948) Key: Int
Names : Pages:
MaiIIson, Maggie--wife. Charles 105, 127
Mallison's mother, sister of
Gavin Stevens.
Maycox, Judge--the judge Gavin 110, 111
Stevens speaks of as possibly
issuing an order so that Vinson
Gowrie's grave may be opened.
McCallum, Buddy--farmer near
Jefferson and veteran of World
War I. He traded a German
Luger automatic pistol to
Crawford Gowrie for a pair of
fox hounds.
McCaslin, Carothers--white grand
father of the Negro man, Lucas
Beauchamp.
McCaslin, Uncle Ike--great uncle
of Carothers Edmonds. Still
alive at ninety, he had been
a boy hunter at Major de
Spain's hunting camp.
McGowan, Sheets--drugstore man
in Jefferson from whom Chick
buys tobacco for Lucas.
Montgomery, Jake--a kind of "jack-
leg" timber dealer. He has
been involved in various ques
tionable deals, among them
buying from Crawford Gowrie
lumber that he knows the latter
has stolen. Jake knows also
that Crawford has killed Vinson,
and after Vinson has been buried,
Jake, to punish Crawford for some
reason, digs up Vinson's body and
starts to bear it away on a mule,
apparently with the intention of
showing the body of Vinson to
Sheriff Hampton by way of proving
179, 192,
7, 9, 17,
93
66
104, 115,
175, 178,
188, 193,
223, 224,
229
69, 226
162, 168,
183, 185,
208, 221,
229-232, 237
248
Intruder in the Dust (1948)
Names:
that Crawford is the murderer.
Crawford witnesses Jake's act,
kills Jake, and buries his body
in Vinson's grave. After Jake's
body has been discovered in
Vinson's grave and reburied
there by Chick Mallison's party,
Jake's body is dug up again, on
this occasion by Crawford, who
has seen Chick's party at work.
Again Jake's body is dug up and
buried once more by Gowrie, this
time in a shallow grave near
Vinson's first burial place. It
is in this second grave that
Jake's remains are found by
Sheriff Hampton.
Mosby, Uncle Hogeye--Negro epilep
tic from the poorhouse.
Paralee--mother of Aleck Sander
and cook for the Stevens-
Mallison household.
Sander, Aleck--Negro boy and com
panion of Chick Mallison.
Aleck is the third member of
Chick's party which goes to
the Gowrie cemetery to exhume
the body of Vinson Gowrie and
prove thereby that Lucas was
not Vinson's murderer. Under
the circumstances, Aleck
Sander, being a Negro, is taking
a very special risk which does
not involve his two companions.
Skipworth--the constable of Beat
Four, where the Gowries live.
After Vinson has been killed, he
takes Lucas into custody and
chains him to a bedpost in the
Skipworth home.
Key: Int
Pages:
184
12, 38, 39, 63, 70,
71, 75, 85, 96, 116,
123,
124, 126-128, 130,
147
4-13, 34, 45, 71, 75,
78, 81, 83-86,
89-103,
105,
106, 108, 110-114,
116, 118, 121, 128-132,
l4l, 143,
144,
147 9
149,
150, 158,
159 9
169,
170, 174,
175 9
185, 193, 209,
230
9
237,
242,
243
34, 37, 40, 228, 240
249
Intruder In the Dust (1948)
Names:
Stevens, Gavin (Uncle Gavin)--
county attorney. At the
beginning of the Beauchamp
affair, Gavin, being white,
and a man, lacks the flexibil
ity to take on faith Lucas's
contention of innocence. When,
however, Chick, Miss Habersham,
and Aleck Sander have opened
Gavin's eyes, he is quick to
give all of his time and
ability to saving Lucas.
Tubbs--Jefferson jailer.
Tubbs, Mrs.--wife of the jailer.
Varner--owner of a store at
Frenchman's Bend.
Workitt, Uncle Sudley--kinsman
and partner of Vinson and
Crawford in a timber deal.
(He is spoken of as being
the uncle of the Gowrie
boys, but he is really only
a distant cousin of their
mother.)
Key: Int
Pages:
15, 75, 77, 86, 114,
127, 162, 178, 191,
209
53, 66, 80, 117
118
234
28, 220, 222, 223,
225-227
250
Knight's Gambit
Knight's Gambit is a collection of six narratives,
all of which, excepting "Knight's Gambit" are reprinted
without revision. "Knight's Gambit" is here printed for
the first time. Gavin Stevens, who figures prominently
in all of these narratives, is the unifying element in
the several parts of this short novel.
251
Knight1s Gambit (1949) Key: KG
Names : Pages:
Ballenbaugh, Boyd--younger brother 71, 76-80
of Tyler. He murders Lonnie
because he knows that Tyler is
Lonnie's beneficiary. Boyd is,
in turn, killed by Joe, the
deaf and dumb orphan whom
Lonnie had adopted, in "Hand
Upon the Waters."
Ballenbaugh, Tyler--Boyd's older 70, 72-80
brother. He insures Grinnup's
life and later pays for Boyd's
villainy, in "Hand Upon the
Waters."
Berry, Ben--sheriff's deputy, in 117-119
"An Error in Chemistry."
Blake, Jim--countryman, in "Hand 68
Upon the Waters."
Bookwright--farmer from French- 85, 86, 89* 90, 105,
man's Bend, who kills Buck 104
Thorpe for running off with
his daughter, in "Tomorrow."
Canova, Signor--master of illu- 129-131
sion. Professional name of
man who called himself Joel
Flint, in "An Error in Chemis
try."
Cayley, Hence--father of the 184
Cayley girl in whom Max Harriss
is interested, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Cayley, Miss--daughter of Hence, 185-191, 194, 226
she is the girl to whom Max
gives a ring, in "Knight's
Gambit."
252
Knight's Gambit (1949) Key: KG
Names: Pages:
Dodge, Granby--cousin of the 6, 25, 28, 29, 33~36
Holland twins and beneficiary
of Virginus, Granby, after
killing old Anse, hires a man
from Memphis to dispose of
Judge Dukinfield. Gavin Stevens
spoils Granby's plans to inherit
the Holland property, in
"Smoke."
Dukinfield, Eunice, Miss--daugh- 32
ter of Judge Dukinfield, in
"Smoke."
Dukinfield, Judge--executor of 10-14, 16-20, 23, 24,
old Anse's will. The judge is 26, 28, 31
murdered because he has special
information which worries
Granby Dodge, in "Smoke."
Ewell, Bryan--sheriff's deputy, 117, 118
sent by Hub to watch old man
Pritchel, in "An Error in
Chemistry."
Fentry, G. A.--father of Stonewall 90, 91, 103
Jackson Fentry, in "Tomorrow."
Fentry, Jackson and Longstreet-- 95, 105
the name Stonewall Jackson
Longstreet given the boy whom
he raised, until the Thorpe
boys claimed him, in "Tomor
row. "
Fentry, Stonewall Jackson--jury- 89, 91-93, 95~97, 102-
man who will not vote to 105
acquit Bookwright of the
murder of Buck Thorpe, whom
Fentry had raised as a child,
in "Tomorrow."
253
Knight's Gambit (194-9) Key: KG
Names :
Flint, Ellie Pritchel--Wesley
Pritchel's daughter, a dim-
witted spinster of forty who
marries Joel Flint partly to
get away from her eccentric
father, in "An Error in
Chemistry."
Flint, Joel--a Yankee who kills
his wife Ellie, and her father
and then impersonates the
latter in an effort to profit
from the illegal sale of
Pritchel's farm, in "An Error
in Chemistry."
Fraser--whisky maker of wide
repute with whom Monk lives
after Mrs. Odlethrop's death,
in "Monk."
Frazier, Judge--judge who tries
Bookwright for killing Thorpe,
in "Tomorrow."
Gambrell, C. L.--prison warden
killed by Terrel because he
would not grant Terrel a
pardon, in "Monk."
Grenier, Louis--simple minded
descendant of one of the
three founders of Yoknapatawpha,
he calls himself Lonnie Grinnup.
He is murdered for his insurance,
in "Hand Upon the Water."
Gauldres, Captain--Argentine army
captain, house guest of the
Harrisses, who marries the
Harriss girl and finally joins
the U. S. Cavalry in World War
II, in "Knight's Gambit."
Pages :
113, 117, 119, 126
124, 128-130
42, 43, 45, 47
87, 88
50, 52, 53, 55, 57, 58
63-66, 71-74, 77, 79-
81
136, 137, 163-165, 168-
175, 178-182, 185, 191,
194, 195, 212-221, 223,
224, 226-229, 238, 242
254
Knight's Gambit (1949) Key: KG
Names: Pages :
Harriss--wealthy New Orleans man, 146, 148, 150-153,
bootlegger on a grand scale, who 155* 156, 160, 162,
makes his wife's old home into 163* 165, 167, 210
a massive showplace, in
"Knight's Gambit."
Harriss, Max--his son who attempts
to kill Gauldres because the
latter can outride, outfence
him, in "Knight's Gambit."
Harriss, Miss--sister of Max.
She finally marries Gauldres,
in "Knight's Gambit."
Harriss, Mrs.--wife of Harriss,
whom she marries because she
believes that Stevens, her
betrothed does not want her.
Twenty years after, however,
her husband being dead, she
does indeed marry Gavin
Stevens, in "Knight's Gambit."
Hogganbeck, Melissa--Charles
Mallison's history teacher,
in "Knight's Gambit."
Holland--foreman of the jury
135, 178, 180, 181-
184, 189* 198, 199*
203* 207, 209, 210,
212, 221-226, 228, 229
135* 184-190, 208, 218
153* 161, 162, 167-169*
172, 218, 238, 245
199* 200, 205, 206
89
on the Bookwright
"Smoke."
case in
Holland, Anselm (Old Anse)-- 3"H* 13* 17-20
father of the twins. He was
murdered by Granby Dodge, in
"Smoke."
Holland, Anselm Jr. (Young Anse)-- 18-23* 25* 28, 30, 34
son of Anselm, twin of
Virginus, in "Smoke."
Holland, Cornelia--wife of old 17
Anse, mother of the twins,
in "Smoke."
255
Knight's Gambit (1949)
Names:
Holland, Virginus--young Anse's
twin, in "Smoke."
Holston--name of one of the
three founders of
Yoknapatawpha County, in
"Hand Upon the Waters."
Hub--the sheriff, probably Hub
Hampton, in "An Error in
Chemistry."
Ike--leader of the men who bore
Lonnie Grinnup's body away from
the coroner's office. Besides
Ike they were Blake, Pose and
Matthew, in "Hand Upon the
Waters."
Job, Uncle--Negro servant of
Judge Dukinfield, in "Smoke."
Joe--deaf and dumb orphan raised
by Lonnie Grinnup. He avenges
the death of Lonnie by killing
Lonnie's murderer, Boyd
Ballenbaugh, in "Hand Upon the
Waters."
Killegrew, Hampton--the night
marshal in Jefferson, in
"Knight's Gambit."
Mallison, Charles (Chick)--
nephew and aide of Gavin
Stevens, in "Knight's Gambit"
and narrator of "Monk,"
"Tomorrow" and "An Error in
Chemistry."
Mallison, Maggie Stevens--
mother of Charles, sister of
Gavin Stevens and one of Mrs.
Key: KG
Pages:
4-11, 15, 17, 19, 21,
25, 28-30, 32-35
66
124, 128
68
26, 30-33
63-65, 72, 80
203, 204, 222, 226
88, 137-142, 145,149,
151-155, 159, 162-166,
172, 176-178, 187,
203, 205, 207, 209,
210, 212-215, 217,
218, 222, 224, 226,
228, 229, 231, 237,
242, 243
163
256
Knight1s Gambit (1949)
- Names:
Harriss's girlhood friends,
in "Knight's Gambit."
Markey, Robert--Memphis lawyer,
who had been at Heidelberg
with Gavin. At Gavin's
Instruction, he has Max
Harriss watched while Max is
in Memphis, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Matthew--countryman in "Hand Upon
the Waters."
McCallum, Rafe--farmer and horse
raiser, who sells Max Harriss
the wild horse with which Max
plans to kill Gauldres, in
"Knight's Gambit."
Key: KG
Pages:
192, 194, 198, 199,
204, 221, 222
68
168, 2 0 0, 2 0 1, 2 0 2,
2 0 6, 2 0 8-2 1 7, 219-221,
223
McWilliams--conductor of train out 243, 245
of Jefferson, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Mitchell--storeowner with whom 68
Lonnie Grinnup's burial money
had been deposited in "Hand
Upon the Waters."
Mossop--maiden name of Hence 184
Cayley's wife, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Nate--Negro man,in
the Waters."
'Hand Upon 74
Odlethrop, Mrs.--supposedly 4l, 42
Monk's grandmother, in "Monk."
Odlethrop, Stonewall Jackson (Monk) 39~51, 55~57
--moron who is sentenced to
life imprisonment on a false
murder charge. When pardoned,
he refuses to leave prison.
Later he is executed fora second
murder he did not commit, in "Monk."
257
Knight !s Gambit (19^-9)
Names:
Paoli--Italian fencing master.
Max Harriss was his star
pupil, in "Knight's Gambit."
Pose — countryman, in "Hand Upon
the Waters."
Pritchel, Wesley--father-in-law
of Joel Flint, he is the
violent-tempered owner of a
small but good farm which con
tains valuable clay, in "An
Error in Chemistry."
Pruitt, Mrs.--mother of Rufus,
she aids her son in telling
Stevens about the Fentrys,
in "Tomorrow."
Pruitt, Rufus--countryman who,
aided by his mother, tells
Gavin Stevens about Fentry
and his infant son, in
"Tomorrow."
Quick, Ben--owner of the sawmill
where S. J. Fentry works, in
"Tomorrow."
Quick, Isham--Ben's son. He finds
a half-drawn pistol in Buck
Thorpe's hand after Thorpe
has been killed by Bookwright.
Later Isham recalls informa
tion that explains the Fentry-
Thorpe tieup, in "Tomorrow."
Rouncewell, Mrs.--owner of the
boardinghouse where the
Bookwright jury meets, in
"Tomorrow."
Key: KG
Pages:
182
68
109, HO, 112-115,
117-119, 122-128
92-95
91-95, 103
93
86, 97
89
258
Knight1s Gambit (1949)
Names :
Sartoris, Benbow--comm±ssioned
officer on duty in England
in World War II, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Smith, Miss--name Fentry gives
as maiden name of his
deceased wife, in "Tomorrow."
Stevens, Captain--father of
Gavin, in "Tomorrow."
Stevens, Gavin--county attorney
of Yoknapatawpha, Phi Beta
Kappa, Harvard and Heidelberg.
He solves all the mysteries,
in "Knight's Gambit" and
finally marries the widow
Harriss, sweetheart of his
youth.
Terrel, Bill--convict who commits
the murder for which Monk is
executed, in "Monk."
Thorpe, Buck (Ripsnorter)--brawler,
moonshiner, thief who is found
dead with a half drawn pistol
in his hand, killed by Book
wright for running off with
his daughter, in "Tomorrow."
Varner, Will--justice of the
peace and store owner, in
"Tomorrow."
Warren, Captain--R.F.C. flight
commander in World War I, dur
ing World War II Chick Mallison
asks him how a sixteen-year-
old can enlist. Warren tells
Chick to wait, in "Knight's
Gambit."
Key: KG
Pages :
239, 240
95
91, 103
13-16, 18, 19, 21-26,
28-36, 46-48, 50-59,
65-81, 85-94, 96-100,
104, 111-121, 123-125,
127, 128, 130, 131,
136, 184, 202, 210,
213, 214, 217, 234,
238
52, 53, 55-59
85, 86, 97, 103-105
86, 97
197
Knight's Gambit (194-9) Key:
Names : Pages
West, Doctor--owner of the 26-28, 31? 33
drugstore where the murderer
of Judge Dukinfield bought
the rare cigarettes that
solved the murder mystery,
in "Smoke."
Whitfield--preacher who marries 100
S. J. Fentry to the pregnant
Thorpe woman and who preaches
her funeral shortly after
wards, in "Tomorrow."
Workman, Mr.--insurance adjustor, 121
in "An Error in Chemistry."
260
Requiem for a Nun (1951) Key: RN
Name : Page :
Coldfield--old family name in 9
Yoknapatawpha area.
Compson--old family name in 9
Yoknapatawpha area.
Compson, General--son of the 237; 238
first Jason and partner in
the railroad with Colonel
John Sartoris and Redmond.
He later sold his interest
because he did not like Redmond.
Compson., Jason--the first Jason, 13-17* 19* 20, 22-27*
who, according to legend, saved 32-34, 36-38, 4l, 42,
the bandits from a lynching. 45* 215* 216, 219* 220
Later he traded Ikkemotubbe a
race horse for a large section
of Yoknapatawpha land.
Depre, Mrs. Virginia--sister of 239
Colonel John Sartoris, she
unveiled Confederate statue
in 1900. (Name spelled "Du
Pre" in Sartoris.)
Gombault, Uncle Pete--incumbent 242
of a political sinecure
designated as U. S. marshal.
Grenier, Louis--Huguenot who 7* 9* 33* 34, 37* 4l,
brought the first slaves into 42, 44, 47* 214, 217*
the country. He was granted 219* 220
the first big land patent, and
became the first cotton planter.
Frenchman's Bend was his planta
tion.
Habersham, Doctor Samuel--a 7~9* 15* 39* 47, 216,
Yoknapatawpha founder for 217* 219* 220
whom the settlement was first
named.
261
Requiem for a Nun (1951) Key: RN
Name : Page:
Henry--governor of the state, 113, 132, 155
symbolic, perhaps, of Gabriel
after the Crucifixion. It is
he whom Temple and Gavin visit.
Holston, Alexander--one of 7-10, 12-20, 22-27, 30,
Yoknapatawpha's founders. He 32, 34, 36, 39, 4l, 43,
came as half-groom and half 44, 47, 213, 216, 220,
body-guard to Dr. Habersham and 221, 222, 251, 253
half-tutor to the doctor's
eight-year-old son. He became
the settlement's first publican,
establishing the tavern known
as Holston House.
Ikkemotubbe--son of Motaha and
successor of Issetibbeha. He
was the last Chickasaw chief
in Northeastern Mississippi.
Issetibbeha--Mohataha's brother
and Chickasaxv chief.
Mallison, Maggie Stevens--Gavin's
twin sister.
Mannigoe, Nancy--Temple's Negro
maid, who murders Temple's
baby to thwart Temple's plan
to take the infant on her
flight with Pete. Nancy
meets her execution nobly.
McCaslin--old family name in
Yoknapatawpha area.
Mohataha--Chickasaw matriarch,
mother of Ikkemotubbe, and
sister of Issetibbeha. She
finally took her people from
Mississippi to Oklahoma.
13, 18, 21, 30, 45,
215-217, 219, 220,
224, 229
8, 9, 13, 21
67, 96, 97, 204
50, 51, 78, 82, 93,
118, 121, 122, 124,
125, 132, 133, 134,
157, 168, 171, 172,
178-192, 195, 201, 208,
209, 211, 267, 268-283
9
21, 27, 30, 34, 35,
215, 216, 217
262
Requiem for a Nun (1951) Key: RN
Names: Pages:
Mulberry--Negro janitor for 242
several professional men; dur
ing reconstruction days he
held the title of U. S. marshal.
His avocation has ever been the
peddling of illicit whisky,
which he caches beneath the
roots of a mulberry tree; hence
his nickname.
Peabody, Doctor--successor of Dr. 15, 19, 20, 22, 23,
Habersham. He was active in 25-29, 32, 34, 38,
the naming of Jefferson. 42, 45
Pete--brother of Alabama Red, 173-181
he is blackmailing Temple.
The fact that he strongly
resembles Red, Temple's former
lover, makes him attractive to
her.
Pettigrew, Thomas Jefferson — the 19-24, 26-29, 32, 36,
mail rider after whom the 38, 219, 224
town was named.
Ratcliffe--post trader in the 15, 20-28, 30, 31, 34-
settlement that was to become 38, 42, 43, 213, 216,
Jefferson. A hundred years 219, 220
later his descendants in
Yoknapatawpha County will use
the spelling "Ratclif."
(Ratliff in H, "Suratt" in
Sar and As_. )
Red (Alabama)--Temple1s lover in 144, 160, 167, 170,
Sanctuary, killed by Popeye 178
Vitelli.
Redmond--carpetbagger who came 233, 238
from Missouri to settle in
Jefferson. Inspired by physi
cal fear, he killed from ambush
his partner in the Jefferson-
Tennessee railroad, Colonel
Sartoris.
263
Requiem for a Nun (1951)
Names :
Sartoris--old family name in
the Yoknapatawpha area.
Sartoris, Bayard--banker son of
Colonel John. He was respon
sible for a law being passed
which banned mechanically pro
pelled vehicles from streets of
Jefferson. Later he died in
such a vehicle.
Sartoris, John--newcomer to
Yoknapatawpha County, who could
cope with Sutpen. Sartoris
organized a regiment in '61
and was deposed as colonel
after the second Battle of
Manassas.
Stevens--old family name in
Yoknapatawpha area.
Stevens, Bucky--older child of
Gowan and Temple.
Stevens, Gavin--Gowan's uncle
and county attorney, who
defends Nancy Mannigoe; he
takes Temple to the governor
that she may confess her sins.
Stevens, Gowan--Gavin's nephew.
He marries Temple and gives up
drinking to atone for abandon
ing her to the bootleggers in
Sanctuary.
Key: RN
Pages :
242
44, 45, 214, 230, 231,
237, 238
66, 67, 78, 79, 184,
185, 203, 204, 207,
209,
40, 49, 53, 54-56, 58-
74, 76-94, 96, 113,
115, 117, 119, 121,
122, 123, 125-127, 129-
140, 142, 144-147, 149,
151, 152, 155, 156,
160-164, 167, 171-173,
194-196, 198, 199, 201-
214, 263-265, 268-273,
276, 278-282, 284-286
51, 53-62, 64-66, 68-
75, 77, 95, 97, 121,
136, 154, 157, 158,
172, 186, 188, 194-196,
201, 202-205, 207, 209,
286
264
Requiem for a Nun (1951) Key: RN
Names: Pages:
Stevens, Temple Drake--a judge's 51* 53-69, 71, 72, 76-
daughter who marries Gowan in 97, 113-120, 122-144,
an effort to nullify her past. 146-152, 157-161, 168,
(See Sanctuary.) The old 170, 172-192, 194,
Temple triumphs, however, when 196, 201-212, 263* 264,
she tries to run away with 266-268, 270-274, 276,
Pete, the brother of her 277* 280, 281, 283-286
former lover, Alabama Red, and
take her baby with them. She
is thwarted when Nancy kills
the baby. At Gavin's instiga
tion she visits the governor and
reveals her sordid past, believ
ing that she may save Nancy.
Sutpen--old family name in 9
Yoknapatawpha area.
Sutpen, Thomas--man who used a 37* 40, 4l, 44, 45,
captive French architect and 214, 225, 227, 228,
wild Negro slaves to build 238, 244
his plantation home (Sutpen's
Hundred) and later to help in
building the Jefferson court
house .
Tubbs--the Jefferson jailer dur- 267* 269
ing Nancy's imprisonment.
Tubbs, Mrs.--his wife. 266, 267
Vitelli, Popeye--Memphis gang- 144-146, 149
ster who in Sanctuary sets up
the pattern for Temple to
complete her experiment in
self ruination. After raping
her, he holds her as "love"
prisoner in a bordello until
shortly before his trial for
murder, at which she gives
false witness favorable to
Popeye. Later he is executed
for a murder he did not
commit.
265
A Fable
"Pp. 151-189 contain, revised, the episode pub
lished separately as Notes on a Horsethief;
pp. 151-204 appeared, under the same title, in
Vogue, July 1954.
2^Meriwether, "Check List," p. 142.
266
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
Angelique--old blind French woman 216
who rails at Marthe, Marya and
the Corporal's wife because of
their relationship to the Cor
poral, whom Angelique calls
"anarchist."
Ball--RFC flyer, now deceased. 88, 89, 112, 120
Barker--hero of the RFC. 88, 120
Beale, Colonel--a British army 275, 276, 278-280
officer who calls the Corporal
"Boggan" because the Corporal
looks like a British soldier by
that name whom the Colonel saw
killed at Mons in 1914.
Beauchamp, Philip Manigault-- 374-
Negro, American private, one
of three soldiers who volunteer
for an assignment in Paris.
Only one of these three, Buch-
wald, knows that they are sup
posed to kill General Gragnon
and make it look as if the
Germans did it. To thwart them,
Gragnon turns so that he is shot
from behind. Since Beauchamp
plans to be an undertaker, he is
delegated to plug with wax the
bullet hole so it will not show.
Bidet--French group commander, 23, 27, 28, 32, 35, 50
secretly called "Mama Bidet"
by the enlisted men. He hopes
to get a marshal's baton as a
result of the military coup
which calls for Gragnon1s regi
ment to execute an attack that
is intended to fail.
Bishop--famed RFC flyer. 88, 112, 120
267
A Fable (1954) Key: Pab
Names: Pages:
Bledsoe, Sergeant--a British 317-319
sergeant whom the military
Runner is obliged to knock
out in order to further his
plan of having the British and
German enlisted men make their
own peace by giving up fighting.
Blum, Major--French army officer 279* 280
who graduated from the Academy
in 1913-
Boggan--name by which Colonel 276
Beale addresses the Corporal.
(See ''Colonel Beale"; also see
Brzewski" and "Stefan.")
Bouc, Pierre--Interloper who Is 339* 355* 356
with the Corporal and his
twelve followers on the occasion
of their last supper. When his
identity is revealed, he denies
knowing the others of the group
and is removed. Later he denies
that his name is Bouc and tries
to rejoin the Corporal's men.
Bridesman, Captain--flight com- 89-91* 95* 97-100, 102-
mander of young Levine's 116, 324, 325
group. He is one of those
who execute the fake attack
on the German general, who is
supposed to arrive at French
headquarters for a conference
with officers of the Allied
Countries.
Brzewski--name by which Captain 277
Middleman calls the Corporal.
(See "Middleman, Captain.")
268
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
Buchwald--Brooklyn-born American 372-380
soldier, the only one of the
three volunteers who knows
that they are supposed to kill
General Gragnon. It is Buch-
wald who actually fires the
German pistol which kills
Gragnon and who delegates
Beauchamp to fill the first
bullet hole with wax. Later,
in America, Buchwald becomes
a bootlegging czar; and when he
is murdered, has an elaborate
gangster-style funeral.
Burk--officer in the RAF. 116, 117* 323
Casse-tete (Horse)--one of the 357“36l, 384
two murderers executed with
the Corporal. He is a simian
like idiot whose vocabulary
consists of the one word, Paris.
Collyer--British officer who puts 93# 94, 99* 100, 109#
the Villeneuve Blanche, a 112, 114-117# 235
French dive, out of bounds for
his flyers.
Conventicle--flight sergeant with 92, 96, 325
young Levine's group.
Cowrie--RAF officer who shares 97# 98, 115
Bridesman's hut.
Davies, Rhys--RFC hero. 88, 120
De Marchi--RAF officer. 99# 117, 323
De Montigny--French army officer. 282
Demont--French farmer who married 423
Marthe and who provided a home
for her and her sister and
their half brother. Sorrow over
the destruction of his farm
269
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names : Pages:
by artillery for the second
time kills him.
Demont, Marthe--half-sister of the 214, 217-223, 285, 390,
Corporal. She cares for him 392-394, 396-401, 427-
and her older sister after her 430, 4-32
mother dies in bearing him who
was to be the Corporal. At
Beirut she marries Demont, a
Frenchman, to be the passport
for the three into France, where
the boy's destiny awaits him.
(She is known as Magda until she
crosses half of Europe to face
the French general who holds the
refusal of her half-brother's
life.
Gargne, Mme.--a French patronne. 149
Gargne, Mons.--her husband, a 149
French patron of the
Runner's garret home.
Gragnon, General--French division 12, 26, 28-30, 34, 38,
commander who is chosen to sacri- 39, 43, 54, 230, 362,
fice his reputation and a regi- 366
ment in an attack intended to
fail. When his men refuse to
fight he requests permission to
shoot them all. Later he is
himself killed by two American
soldiers with a German pistol
who are supposed to shoot him in
front as if he has been killed by
the Germans, in this way conceal
ing the fact that his men failed
to attack the enemy. As the
pistol is fired, Gragnon spins
around and so is hit in the back
of the head. The bullet hole is
filled with wax, and he is then
shot in the front of the head.
Hanley--member of the RAF.
323
270
A Fable (1954) Key:
Names: Pages
Harry, Mr. (Pronounced "Mistairy" 150, 151# 201
by the old Negro groom)--an
English groom, the only man
whom a certain great racehorse
will obey. When Harry is trans
porting the horse out of New
Orleans by train, a flood-
weakened trestle gives way and
the van plunges into the flood
with Harry, the horse, and a Negro
groom. Though the men save the
horse's life, he is permanently
lame in one leg. Rather than see
him sent to a stud farm, they
steal him and race him, using the
Negro groom's grandson as jockey,
In various obscure southern towns.
The horse, though running on only
three legs, beats the best of
competition and apparently wins
large sums for the two grooms.
All the while they are being pur
sued by agents of the horse's
wealthy owner, but the country
people protect the men despite a
big reward offered for their cap
ture. At last Harry is obliged to
shoot the horse to save him from
the owner. It Is then only a matter
of time before Harry leaves his com
panions to join the English army,
eventually becoming the member of a
combat unit, where he engages in a
lucrative practice of betting his
fellow soldiers that they will not
survive the many battles that they
participate in. In his frantic
efforts to bury his past along with
memories of the horse he loved, Harry
refuses to see his faithful Negro
friend even when the latter comes all
of the way to Prance to find him.
They finally die together, however,
when a heavy barrage of artillery
Fab
271
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names : Pages:
fire from both the British
and the German sides wipes out
large numbers of British and
German enlisted men who are
seeking to stop hostilities by
joining hands in that area between
battle lines which the Americans
call "No-man's Land."
Henri--French army commander. 34
Horn--British soldier whom the 316, 317* 319
military Runner knocks out
and whose uniform he appropri
ates for Tooleyman to wear.
Irey--turnkey who has the Negro 170
groom in his custody for a time.
James, Lt. Colonel--British officer 64
in command of the group to which
the Runner is transferred.
Jean--one of the Corporal's men. 338
He comments about Polchek's
not drinking wine at the last
supper of the group.
Lallemont--French corps commander 22, 23, 26, 230
who assigns Gragnon to the
attack that is intended to fall.
Landry--sergeant in charge of the 417* 4l8
group of men whose orders read
as follows: "Proceed to
Verdun and thence . . . to the
catacombs beneath the Fort of
Valaumont and extricate there
from one complete cadaver of one
French soldier unidentified and
unidentifiable . , . and return
with it."
272
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
Lapin--French criminal; he and 357-361, 384, 385
his companion in crime,
Casse-t^te, are executed with
the Corporal.
Levine, David--young British Q9, 92, 93> 95> 96, 103
second lieutenant, who feels
that a door has been closed on
glory because two days before
his commission comes through,
the old RFC, with its catalogue
of heroes and its famed uniform,
has been superseded by the RAF.
Worse still, perhaps, just as
he has finished his apprentice
ship in the air, the French
obtain an armistice. Believ
ing that the British are still
fighting, Levine with two others
of the RAF pursue and fire upon
a German plane, which remains
unharmed just as their planes
too are -unhurt although they are
apparently hit by anti-aircraft
fire. Later, after a German
general has landed in the
British field in the German
plane and walked safely away with
Allied officers, Levine by allow
ing himself to be fired upon by
a gun of one of the planes which
took part in the strange pursuit,
proves what he has suspected--the
ammunition is blank.
Luluque--a Midian, one of the 336
Corporal's followers. He asks
that someone say grace before
the last supper.
Mannock--RFC hero. 88, 91, 112
A Fable (195*0 Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
Martel, General--French army offi- 269
cer. Just as he was about to
sign a citation for meritorious
action, he saw the document
blown off his desk by a mysterious
wind and into the fireplace, where
it was destroyed.
Marya--older sister of Marthe and 284-291, 294, 296, 390-
half-sister of the Corporal, 392, 394, 396, 398,
who, though mentally deficient 425-433
by ordinary standards, has sur
passing insight into the
actions of people.
McCudden--hero of the RFC. 88, 89, 91, 112, 119,
120.
Middleton, Captain--American 279, 280
army officer. He calls the
Corporal "Brzewski" because he
looks exactly like an American
soldier by that name who died
of influenza aboard ship and,
under Middleton's supervision,
was buried in mid ocean.
Milhaud, Madame--operator of a 116
French restaurant where the
British flyers sometimes dine.
Monaghan--an American flyer in 93, 99, 104, 108-110,
the RAF. 120, 323
Morache--one of the soldiers on 413, 4l4, 417, 421-424
the Fort Valaumont detail (see
"Landry, Sergeant"). He is
the owner of the watch which
was given in exchange for a
second body (that of the Cor
poral ) to replace the one from
Fort Valaumont, which the
soldiers have, in exchange for
some wine, given an old French
woman to bury as her son, who
274
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
was killed at Fort Valaumont.
(See "Theodule.")
Osgood--fIyer in the RAF. 99
Paul--the Breton, second in 340
command to the Corporal.
Picklock--soldier so called 413-424
because of his civilian occu
pation. As a member of the Fort
Valaumont detail (see "Landry,
Sergeant"), he picks the lock
of Sergeant Landry's suitcase
and steals some brandy that the
Sergeant is withholding until
their job has been completed.
Later, Picklock makes arrange
ments for the procuring of a
second body to replace the one
that the soldiers have traded
for drinks.
Polchek— one of the Corporal's 330, 337-339> 346, 347,
twelve followers. He 355
informed on his own men.
Sibleigh--flyer in the RAF. 91
Smith, Lt.--British officer whom 317-319
the Runner knocks out. (See
"Bledsoe, Sergeant.")
Stephan--"the" Corporal--illegiti- 399
mate son of the Supreme Com
mander of the Allied Armies
(who represents God, really),
his life in many ways resembles
that of Christ. He and his
twelve followers are so influen
tial among the common soldiers,
both French and German, that they
persuade a regiment of French
soldiers to refuse to carry out
275
A Fable (1954) Key: Fab
Names: Pages:
an attack and the German
soldiers opposite to refuse
to take advantage of the
situation. As a result, the
French officials call for an
armistice in order to work
out a plan with all of the
authorities (both friend and
foe) to thwart this attempt
to halt the war. Soon the
Corporal and his men are
betrayed into the hands of the
Corporal's father, who tries
to bribe his son into deserting
his followers and fleeing to
safety. This the Corporal will
not do because dying as a martyr
will further his cause for peace,
and so the thirteen men are
executed. The Corporal's half-
sisters obtain his body and bury
it on the Demont farm. Shortly,
hostilities resume; and a bar
rage blasts from its resting place
the Corporal's body, which is lost
forever to his family. Later it
is found by a neighboring farmer,
who, unaware of its identity,
trades it to Picklock, who uses
it to replace a body removed from
Fort Valaumont--a soldier's body
which he and his companions have
given to an old woman in exchange
for money with which to buy a
drink. Stephan thus becomes
France's celebrated unknown
Soldier.
Sutterfield, Reverend Tobe (also see 141, 146, 149, 150
"Tooleyman")--the Negro groom who
is associated with Harry in sav
ing the three-legged horse from
oblivion. (See "Harry.") Though
he is not an ordained minister,
276
A Fable (1954) Key:
Names: Pages
he "bears witness" and is
morally justified in confirming
Harry into the church. He is,
in turn, made a Mason by Harry
a short time before they part
company. After Harry has gone
to France, Tobe sets out to join
him. In New York he meets a
wealthy white widow who has been
supporting a French air squadron
as a retaliatory measure against
the Germans because her son was
one of the first airmen killed in
the French service. Sutterfield,
in his sorrow over the many lives
being lost in the war, persuades
the widow to seek peace through
faith rather than force; and thus
Les Amis Myrlades et Anonymes a
la France de Tout le Monde is
organized, the association at whose
expense Sutterfield is enabled to
go to France in search of his friend,
"Mistairy." Though Harry refuses to
acknowledge him when they meet in
France the first time, Tobe later
joins Harry in the front-line
trenches at the request of the
Runner who, in his effort to con
vert the armistice into a permanent
peace, needs Tobe to give the
Masonic sign, which ritual the
Runner believes will help him pre
vail on the soldiers because Harry
has made every member of his com
pany a Mason. As they, unarmed,
march with others toward the enemy
trenches, Tobe, Harry, and the
Runner are all killed by artillery
barrages from both the German and
Allied cannon.
Fab
277
A Fable (1954)
Names:
Theodule--name of one of the 404
unidentified soldiers killed
in 1916 at the Port of Valaumont.
Insisting that the body removed
from the Fort by Landry's detail
is Theodule (though it surely is
not), Theodule's mother gives
Landry's men (without Landry's
knowledge), 100 francs for this
corpse.
Thorpe--fIyer in the RAF.
Tooleyman (from Tout le Monde)--
when Tobe Sutterfield becomes
identified with the associa
tion Les Amis Myriades et
Anonymes a la France de Tout
le Monde, he changes his name
to Tooleyman "to make it
easier for the folks from the
Association."
Unnamed Runner, the--a former
officer who gives up his
commission to become a
messenger. It is he who
attempts to make of the
armistice a permanent
peace.
Wilson, Sergeant--the best ser
geant in the army, according
to Buchwald's Iowa companion.
The Iowan has overheard a
remark about President Wilson
and thinks the reference is to
his favorite sergeant.
Witt--member of the RAF.
99,
149
64-6
82,
150,
207,
320,
375
91
Key: Fab
Pages :
405, 415, 416
108, 109, 114
150
7, 69, 72-78, 80-
85, 141-145, 147,
151, 191, 197-
310-315, 318,
321
278
A Fable (1954) Key:
Names: Pages
Zsettlan±--one of the Corporal's 346, 356, 427
men who denies his leader.
After the Corporal's death,
Zsettlani visits the Corporal's
half-sisters and tries to pay
them thirty coins for soup which
they give him. When they refuse
his offer, he angrily puts the
coins into his pocket.
Fab
279
The Town (1957) Key: T _
The Town incorporates extensively revised versions
of "Centaur in Brass" (in Chapter I) and "Mule in the
Yard" (in Chapter XVI; both in Collected Stories).
Pp- 359“371 appeared in Sat. Eve. Post, May 4, 1957,
entitled "The Waifs."
Names: Pages:
Adams--predecessor of de Spain 11-13
as mayor of Jefferson.
Adams, Mrs.--fat wife of the 11
former mayor. She is called
"Miss Eve Adams" by the boys.
Adams, Theron--Mr. Adams's 12, 13
youngest son, whom Manfred
de Spain challenged to a
fight with axes by way of
repudiating a charge that
Mr. Adams, when he was mayor,
made against Manfred.
Armstid, Henry--one of the men 7, 8, 34, 228, 271,
Flem tricked into buying some
worthless property (see The
Hamlet). Henry lost his mind
as a result of this trickery
and is now locked up for life
in a Jackson asylum.
Backus, Melisandre--woman whom, 50, 63, 178-180
according to Maggie, Gavin
should have married.
Beauchamp, Tomey's Turl--night 15-30, 83, 85, 142
fireman of the Jefferson
Power Plant, one of two Negro
men exploited by Plem, the
superintendent, to help him
appropriate all movable brass
parts in the plant.
292
-280
The Town (1957) Key: r
Names : Pages:
Best; Henry--Jefferson alderman 85-87
present at the investigation
of the disappearance of brass
from the Jefferson Power Plant.
Binford, Deewit--man married to a 365-367., 369
Snopes girl. He takes Byron
Snopes's wild children to raise
on contract; the various Snopeses
each paying him "a dollar a head
a week." Afraid for his life,
he quickly breaks his contract.
Binford, Mrs.--Deewit*s wife. 366, 367
Bird, Tom Tom--Negro day fireman 15~30, 83* 85*
at the Jefferson Power Plant. 142
After he and Tomey1s Turl com
pare notes they realize that
they are being victimized by
Flem and so confederate and
save themselves at Flem's
expense.
Birdsong, Preacher--countryman 183
who learns to box in World War
I well enough to show Matt
Levitt's prowess off to advan
tage .
Bookwright, Cal (Old)--father of 78, 79
Letty. He reluctantly permits
her to marry Zack Houston.
Buffaloe--electrician who makes 12, 13, 16, 18,
the first auto ever to appear
in Jefferson (1904). Later
he is appointed city electri
cian by Mayor de Spain.
109,
30
281
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
Christian, Walter--Negro janitor 155* 159* 160
of Uncle Willy Christian's
drugstore. His grandfather had
been a slave of Uncle Willy's
grandfather. Whenever Uncle
Willy carelessly puts down the
key to the medicinal alcohol chest,
Walter goes into it and samples
the contents.
Christian, Uncle Willy--drugstore 60, 154-160, 162, 179*
owner, a bachelor of sixty, 180, 188, 194, 195*
who needs a little morphine 202, 204, 205, 211,
daily to change him from an 212
unfriendly person to a benevo
lent one. When his drugstore
is burglarized, the theft of
his morphine, therefore, is a
catastrophe.
Clefus--Negro man who cleans 357
Gavin 1s office.
Compson, General--brigadier
general in the Confederate
army and governor of Mississip
pi for two days.
69* 231
Compson, Mrs.--wife of General 231
Compson. She gave old Het the
purple toque that Het is still
wearing fifty years later.
Compson, Jason--Jefferson man. 151
He collects rent from Mont
gomery Snopes for his mother,
who owns the building that
houses Montgomery's studio.
Connors, Buck--marshal of 23* 54, 60, 61, 68,
Jefferson. (it is possible 69, 116, 124, 125* 157*
that the reference on page 54 158, l6l, 162, 195*
is to his son. ) 196, 319* 361-363
282
The Town (1957) Key: T_
Names: Pages:
Crenshaw, Jack--revenue field 172, 174
agent in Jefferson district.
de Spain, Major--Manfred1s father, 43, 58, 117, 362
a major of Confederate cavalry
during the Civil War, who after
wards established his annual
hunting camp (see "The Bear1 ').
It is his bank stock which makes
it possible for Manfred to become
president of the Sartoris Bank.
de Spain, Manfred--man of action, 10-15, 24, 29, 30, 36,
West Pointer, and veteran of 43, 44, 47, 4-9, 52, 56-
the Spanish American War. He 64, 66-70, 72-77, 83-
becomes mayor of Jefferson on 85, 92-95, 97-101, 108,
the wave of the new automobile 110, 111, 116-119, 133-
age. He takes Mrs. Flem Snopes 135, 137-140, 142, 147,
as mistress and, though Flem is 150, 151, 166, 186,
supposed to be ignorant of their 194, 233, 265-267, 272-
association, de Spain rewards 275, 277-279, 281, 282,
him just the same by creating a 290, 293-295, 298, 302-
sinecure for him--the superin- 304, 308, 309, 311-314,
tendency of the power plant. 318, 319, 328-332, 334,
During this period, Manfred 337-342, 344, 346r348,
wins completely over his rival 360, 362
for Eula Snopes, the idealistic
Gavin Stevens, but he is forced
to resign as mayor when Flem's
brass-stealing venture backfires.
Soon Manfred becomes president
of the Sartoris bank and remains
so until Flem informs Will Varner
of the relationship between de
Spain and Will's daughter, at
which time Manfred is obliged to
sell his bank stock to Flem.
De Spain's plan to leave Jeffer
son with Eula is altered when
she commits suicide. He, however,
owes it to Jefferson to leave
town forever, and so he does,
"for business reasons and health."
283
The Town (1957)
Names:
Dukinfield, Judge--the judge who
Is delegated to hear the Inves
tigation of the missing brass
affair but who later disquali
fies himself and designates
Judge Stevens, Gavin's father.
DuPre, Mrs. Virginia (Jenny)--
Colonel Bayard Sartoris's
kinswoman who superintends his
household. (in The Town she
is mentioned as being old
Bayard's sister; in Sartoris
she is his aunt, sister of
Colonel John Sartoris. This
latter identification is more
consistent with all of the
other stories.)
Edmonds, McCaslin--father of Roth
and one member of the hunting
camp which Boon Hogganbeck had
served long ago. (in "The Fire
and the Hearth" Zachary Edmonds
is Roth's father, and McCaslin
Edmonds is the father of
Zachary.)
Edmonds, Roth--one of the men who
sign a note for Lucius
Hogganbeck to buy a model T
Ford.
Elma, Miss--office deputy for
Sheriff Hampton and widow of
Hampton's predecessor.
Garraway--inflexible puritan,
keeper of a small grocery
store, the first person to move
his account from the Sartoris
bank as a protest against de
Spain's liaison with Mrs.
Snopes. Knowing Flem, however,
Garraway has no pity for him.
Key: T
Pages:
87, 97
117, 118, 139, 140,
244, 310
58
58
174
312, 313
284
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names : Pages:
Gatewood, Noon--Jabbo*s father, 65, 66, 68, 113
the Negro blacksmith whose
grindstone Gowan and Top use
to sharpen the rake which punc
tures de Spain’s tires. "Unk"
Noon helps Ratliff convert his
model T Into an early type of
pickup truck.
Gombault--U. S. Marshal. 165* 174
Gowrie--man who delivers 357
Gavin Stevens’s liquor.
Grenier, Louis--one of the 323
founders of Jefferson.
Habersham, Doctor--one of the 323
founders of Jefferson.
Habersham, Emily--lady who tele- 370, 371
phones the Travelers1 Aid in
New Orleans and in El Paso
to solicit aid in delivering
Byron Snopes's children to
the Mexican police.
Habersham, Eunice--peddler of 71* 118
vegetables in a homemade
truck which she uses to haul
orchids for Mrs. Rouncewell,
the florist, when Mrs. Rounce
well is deluged with orders.
Miss Emily is a stockholder
in the Sartoris bank.
Halt, Lonzo--partner of I. 0. 232-235* 24l, 243* 248,
Snopes in a plan whereby they 249* 251* 255
would arrange to have a number
of mules in a spot on the rail
road tracks at just the right
time for a train to kill the
animals, thus making it possi
ble for the partners to collect
285
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
handsome damages. Three years
before the events in The Town,
Lonzo himself had been killed
along with five mules, for which
misfortune Mrs. Hait was awarded
$8,500, part of which I. 0. feels
he is entitled to but has never
received.
Hait, Mrs. Mannie--man-charactered, 231-257
man-tongued widow of Lonzo, she
lives alone and does her own plow
ing and can hold her own with even
the Snopes world, for she out-
maneuvers I. 0. Snopes at every
turn and receives the mortgage on
her home from Flem as a gift.
Hampton, Hub--sheriff of Yoknapa- 104, 130, 158-166,
tawpha County. He is aware 172-175; 192, 196,
that Flem has successfully 197; 257; 361-363; 367
switched Montgomery Ward's
offense from maintaining an
obscene picture gallery to deal
ing in illicit liquor, a much
less objectionable offense.
Handy, Professor--Negro Memphis
musician, whose band plays for
the Christmas ball in Jefferson.
Harker--old sawmill engineer who
operates the boilers and
engines for the pump and dynamo
at the Jefferson Power Plant.
Harker, Otis--relative of Mr.
Harker. He sometimes substi
tutes for Mr. Harker when the
latter wants a night off. Otis
succeeds Winbush as night
marshal of Jefferson.
72
9, 15-17; 19; 21, 23-
26, 28, 30, 109, 110
25; 195; 196, 318, 319;
321, 333; 361
286
The Town (1957)
Names:
Het (Old Het)--old Negro woman,
officially a resident of the
poorhouse, who "finds" many
a meal elsewhere, using Mrs.
Halt's house as a base of
operations.
Hogganbeck, Boon--father of Lucius
and former handyman at Major de
Spain's famous hunting camp.
Hogganbeck, Lucius--owner of
Jefferson's first Model-T
Ford, which he buys by having
several Jefferson men sign
his note.
Hogganbeck, Miss Melissa--history
teacher at the Academy in Jef
ferson, who still teaches that
all history has not reached
Christmas Day, 1865* because
the next ten years are to show
that the Southern surrenders
were mistakes which will be
rectified.
Holcomb, Ashley--young boy, friend
of Chick Mallison.
Holston, Alexander--one of the
founders of Jefferson, for whom
Holston House or Holston Hotel
is named.
Houston, Letty Bookwright--Cal's
youngest daughter, a school
teacher, who marries Zack
Houston, man with little
schooling, and is killed with
in a year by Zack's blood
stallion.
Key: T
Pages:
231, 232, 234, 237-245,
247, 248, 250-252, 254-
256
58
58, 59, 71, 101
288
54
60, 62, 83, 323
78, 79
287
The Town (1957)
Names:
Houston, Zack--farmer who throws
I. 0. Snopes Into a cooling
tub of water because I. 0.
bungles the job of shoeing
Zack's horse. One year after
Houston’s marriage to Letty
Bookwright, she is killed by
his stallion and Zack is later
shot to death by Mink Snopes.
Hovis--cashier of the Sartoris
Bank.
Ikkemotubbe--called "Doom" son
of Issetibbeha's sister. Using
poison as a persuader he forced
his way to the chieftainship of
the Chickasaw Tribe.
Issetibbeha--Chickasaw chief,
uncle of Ikkemotubbe.
Jabbo--son of Unk Noon, the black
smith. Jabbo intends to be a
blacksmith too until he sees
de Spain's red auto, when he
decides to be a mechanic.
Job--Judge Dukinfield's janitor.
Killebrew, Miss--teller at the
Sartoris Bank.
Kneeland--owner of the tailor
shop where many of the
Jefferson men rent dress suits
for the Christmas ball.
Ledbetter, Mrs.--woman at
Rockyford who buys a sewing
machine from Ratliff.
Key: T ^
Pages:
36, 37, 78-80, 82
309
307, 316
307, 316
68, 69
97
309
70
295, 296, 298, 299
288
The Town (1957)
Names:
Levitt, Matt--Linda Snopes's beau,
an expert boxer, who beats up
Gavin Stevens because he thinks
Gavin Is trying to take Linda
from him. He loses his job as
mechanic, makes a general
nuisance of himself by driving
his racer about town with the
cutout open, and is finally
ordered out of town by Sheriff
Hampton.
Littlejohn, Mrs.--keeper of a
boarding house at Frenchman's
Bend.
Long, Judge--Federal judge in
Jefferson who sends a whisky
maker to the penitentiary not
because he is violating the
liquor law, but because he
allows his wife to carry water
a mile and a half from the
spring.
Mallison, Charles, Jr. (Chick)--
young nephew of Gavin Stevens,
who, with the aid of Ratliff,
is trying to make Chick an
opponent of Snopesism.
(Chick is narrator in parts
1, 3, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19
24. )
Mallison, Charles, Sr.--father of
Chick. He likes to tease his
brother-in-law, Gavin, about
the latter's romances.
Mallison, Margaret (Maggie)--twin
of Gavin, mother of Chick.
Key: T
Pages:
183-186, 188-191, 194-
197, 204, 212, 325,
364
34, 35
165, 168, 169, 171,
174
111, 170, 171, 190,
191, 200, 205, 207,
208, 212, 215, 310,
320, 345, 346, 353,
354
49, 61, 63, 67, 186,
187, 200
46, 47, 56, 67, 69,
89, HI, 133, 182, 186,
187, 200, 214, 220,
319, 334, 346
289
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
McCallum, Anse--son of Buddy. He 196, 197
is put in jail by the
sheriff for assaulting
Matt Levitt with a fence
rail. Later, though he
fights valiantly, he
loses to Matt, Golden
Gloves boxer.
McCallum, Buddy--one-legged 196, 197
father of Anse. He orders
his son to fight Levitt
fairly and, when Anse is
thoroughly beaten, halts
the fight and suggests that
Matt move on.
McCarron--Eula Snopes's first
lover, and the father of
Linda (see The Hamlet).
100, 101, 135, 136,
192, 204, 221, 272,
273
McCaslin--owner of a hardware
store in Jefferson.
12
McCaslin, Ike--uncle of Roth,
he was one of the men who
years before went to Major
de Spain's annual hunting
camp.
McGowan, Skeets--Uncle Willy
Christian's clerk and soda-
jerker.
58
156, 160, 162, 180,
207, 361
McLendon, Jackson--Jefferson man 104, 116
who organizes a company of
soldiers for World War I and
finally becomes a captain.
Nunnery, Cedric--five-year-old 108-110
boy for whom Eck Snopes is
searching when the oil tank
explodes and kills Eck.
Nunnery, Mrs.--Cedric's mother. 108, 109
290
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
Peabody, Dr.--old Jefferson doctor. 117* 156, l6l, 366
Priest, Maurice--Sally*s husband, 77
who gives Grenier Weddel a
black eye for sending Sally a
corsage and Sally a black eye
for accepting it.
Priest, Sally Hampton--girl who 70, 77
returns Grenier Weddel's ring
and marries Maurice, and who
proudly wears the black eye
her husband gives her because
he is jealous of Grenier.
Provine, Wilbur--maker of illicit 168, 171, 172
whisky, a "Snopes" type,
according to Ratliff. He is
sentenced to the penitentiary,
not for making whisky, but for
allowing his wife to walk a
mile and a half to get water.
Quistenberry, Dink--man who 360, 361
marries into the Snopes family
and runs the Jefferson Hotel,
formerly called the Snopes
Hotel. Dink takes Byron
Snopes1s children into his car
when they arrive at the Jeffer
son depot.
Ratliff, Vladimir Kyrilytch--
shrewd itinerant sewing
machine salesman, who sees
much of what goes on about
Yoknapatawpha County and
quickly learns most of the
rest. With Gavin Stevens,
Ratliff is a dedicated
enemy of Snopesism. (He
is narrator of parts 4, 6,
9, 11, 18, and 23-)
3-9, 15, 29, 32-37, 39,
40, 43-46, 88, 94, 103-
107, 111-113, 119-121,
123, 124, 126, 129,
134, 135, 138-143, 149,
150, 154-158, 162, 166-
171, 174-176, 177, 178,
189, 192, 195, 206, 219,
220, 223-225, 227-229,
231-237, 241-244, 248,
256, 261, 264, 265,
271, 276, 278, 292,
295, 298, 308, 318,
291
The Town (1957)
Names:
Renfrow--owner of the oil tank
which Eck Snopes is hired
to watch.
Riddell--family name of the
little boy whose polio sick
ness causes the schools in
Jefferson to close for a day.
Roebuck, John Wesley--young boy,
friend of Chick Mallison, John
is the boy old Snopes shoots
with a load of squirrel shot
for stealing watermelons.
Rouncewell--family name of one
of the boys who are often seen
with Linda Snopes and her girl
friend. (He is probably the
son of Mrs. Rouncewell, the
florist; or he may be Whit
Rouncewell; but Whit is more
likely the boy's father.)
Rouncewell, Mrs.--Jefferson flor
ist. She is deluged with
orders for orchids just
before the Christmas ball.
Rouncewell, Whit--Jefferson man
who sees the two burglars in
Christian's drugstore.
Samson--hotel porter.
Sander, Aleck--Negro, son of
Big Top and Guster, of an
age with Chick, and his
constant companion.
Key: T
Pages:
320, 322, 331, 335,
339, 342, 343, 346,
356-358, 364-366, 368,
370, 371
33
310, 311, 337, 362
54, 55
212
70, 71, 73, 77, 122,
199
160
97
45, 52-55, 63, 111,
181, 244, 310, 337,
342, 362
292
The Town (1957)
Names:
Sander, Big Top--Negro, Guster's
husband and father of Little
Top and Aleck.
Sander, Guster--Negro cook for
the Stevens and Mallison
families and wife of Big Top.
Sander, Little Top--Aleck Sander’s
older brother. Little Top
helps Gowan puncture Manfred
de Spain's tires.
Sartoris, Colonel Bayard (old
Bayard)--son of Colonel John,
from whom he Inherited his
title. Bayard, after having
his team of horses frightened
by the first auto in Jefferson,
caused to be passed an edict
that no gasoline-propelled
vehicle should ever appear on
the streets of Jefferson. Per
haps the reason for old Bayard's
permitting Byron Snopes to work
in his bank is that Colonel
John was commander of Ab Snopes's
cavalry group when that progeni
tor of Byron was reportedly
hanged for stealing Confederate
horses. Much later old Bayard
dies of heart failure in young
Bayard's auto, a passenger
because he thought his presence
might help curb his grandson's
reckless driving.
Sartoris, young Bayard--grandson of 116
Colonel Bayard. Unaware of his
grandfather's heart condition,
young Bayard, by his reckless
driving, causes old Bayard's
death.
52
48,
338
52,
11,
106
139
169
312
Key: T
Pages :
52, 63, 64, 336-
340-342
64-68
13, 41-43, 104,
116-119, 136, 137,
140, 147, 151,
265-267, 274, 302,
118, 120, 140
293
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
Sartoris, Colonel John--father of 4, 4l, 42
old Bayard and commander of
the cavalry group of which Ab
Snopes was a member when Ab
was reportedly hanged for steal
ing Confederate horses.
Sartoris, Narcissa Benbow--young 117
Bayard's second wife and mother
of young Benbow.
Snopes, Ab--Flem's father, who 5? 4l, 42, 55? 79?
lives a mile out of Jefferson 129? 130
beside his watermelon patch,
which attracts small boys, whom
Ab furiously chases off. Once
he shoots a boy in the back with
squirrel shot; after that he is
reduced to throwing rocks at
the invaders. (He is probably
the "original" Ab Snopes,
reported hanged in the Civil War
by his own men for stealing
Confederate horses. See The
Hamlet, in which details of his
punishment differ from those
given in The Town.)
Snopes, Admiral Dewey--Eck's 40, 127, 128, 146
younger son.
Snopes, Bilbo--one of the twins 37? 39? 129-131
that I. 0. has by his "second"
wife (though he is apparently
not divorced from his first
spouse).
Snopes, Byron--son of I. 0. Byron. 41-43, 106, 107? 117-
Backed by old Bayard, he goes 119? 138, 140, l4l,
to business college and becomes 262, 264-267? 275? 277?
an employee of the bank. Dur- 278, 347? 359? 361,
ing World War I he evades the 364, 370
draft by taping a plug of
tobacco into his left armpit,
294
The Town (1957)
Names:
thus speeding up his heart
beat. In time Byron absconds
with a small sum from the bank.
Years later he sends four chil
dren of his to Flem Snopes to
care for. The Snopes people
try to look after the children,
but the waifs are too wild and
are finally returned to Byron.
Snopes, Clarence--oldest son of
I. 0. by his "second" wife
(see "Bilbo Snopes"). He
plays shabby tricks on Byron
Snopes1s four children and is
almost burned at the stake by
these four.
Snopes, Vardaman--Bilbo1s twin
(see "Bilbo Snopes").
Snopes, Virgil--son of I. 0.
Snopes, who goes with his
brother Byron to business col
lege in Memphis.
Snopes, Mrs.--woman I. 0. Snopes
"married," although he was
apparently still married to
his first mate. This second
one is the mother of Clarence
and the twins, Vardaman and
Bilbo.
Snopes, Eck--Flem's immediate
successor in Jefferson. Eck
comes to the Snopes restaurant
wearing a brace on the neck he
broke saving a Negro from a
falling log. Because he is
too innocent and honest to re
place Flem in the restaurant,
he is fired and made night
watchman of an oil tank. On
Key: T
Pages:
37, 39, 365, 368, 369
37, 39, 129-131
41
369
31-36, 39, 40, 79, 107-
110, 127, 143, 150, 168
295
The Town (1957)
Names:
this job he is blown to
bits when he strikes a
match to look in the tank
thought to be empty of gas,
for the lost Nunnery boy.
Snopes, Mrs. Eck--landlady at
the Snopes Hotel for a time.
She later buys half interest
in a grocery store with the
$1,000 the oil company gives
her for Eck's death. At
length she nominally becomes
sole owner of the store,
though it really belongs to
her son, Wallstreet.
Snopes, Eula Varner--Flem's
wife. Shortly after coming
to Jefferson with her husband
and Linda, her baby by another
man, she becomes the mistress
of de Spain. During the
stolen-brass investigation she,
sent by Flem, visits Gavin's
office to give herself to him
if he will call off the pro
ceedings which will incrimin
ate Flem. When Gavin refuses,
she departs, unabashed, as is
her nature. Years later when
Flem has tricked Linda into
loving him as a father and,
with the aid of Will Varner,
now aware of Eula's double life,
has forced de Spain out of the
bank, Eula, seeing Linda's
marriage to Gavin as the only
solution for her daughter, begs
Gavin to marry Linda. The best
she can get from Gavin is his
oath that he will marry Linda
later if there is no other way.
Shortly after this incident,
Eula commits suicide.
Key: T_
Pages:
40, 110, 128, 129
4, 6-9, 14-16, 24,
47, 49, 50, 52, 53
57, 70, 73-75, 119
132-134, 136, 179,
194, 205,
214,
219
228,
259,
261,
293
294, 298, 300, 304
308, 309, 311,
326
342,
343,
348,
351
354,
355
46
55-
189,
227,
340,
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names: Pages:
Snopes, Flem--chief of the
Snopeses. For eighteen years,
pretending not to know, he
allows his wife and de Spain
to carry on their affair. At
first he is satisfied with
petty material rewards such as
the empty job created for him
at the power plant. After he
virtually falls into the vice-
presidency of the Sartoris bank,
however, his ambitions gradually
rise. Though his basic ethics
remain unchanged, he now dreams
of respectability and position,
and he goes about attaining them
in any way that to his primitive
but shrewd mind seems effective.
Starting humbly, he exchanges
his country cloth cap for a
large black hat, acquires modern
furniture in his home, learns all
he needs to know of the banking
business. Then, regardless of
cost, he consolidates his pro
gress by removing the objection
able Snopeses like Montgomery
Ward and I. 0. from Jefferson.
By now he secretly aspires to the
bank presidency, and Will Varner's
bank stock becomes important
enough to Flem for him to try to
win Linda's affection so that she
may be influenced to sign over
her inheritance to him. He is
successful in this, and now two
great ambitions fuse: to avenge
himself on de Spain (and probably
on Eula also) and to become presi
dent of the Sartoris bank. He can
achieve both by showing Will Varner
Linda's will and by informing him
about Eula and Manfred. Again
Flem is successful; nor does he
cease at this point. In the role
3, 5-9, 15-20, 22-26,
28-3^, 38, 48, 50, 53,
56, 70, 73, 75, 77-84,
92, 94, 95, 99, 118,
119, 120, 124, 126,
128, 129, 131, 134-142
146-151, 166-171, 174-
178, 188, 205, 214,
221-224, 227, 228, 245
247, 251-254, 257, 260
261, 268, 269, 271,
273, 274, 276, 277,
279, 281-287, 290, 294
297, 299, 300, 308,
309, 312, 319, 320,
323, 327-331, 333, 338
339, 342, 343, 346-349
351-354, 358-360, 364-
367, 369
297
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names : Pages:
of martyred husband he gazes,
at the last, upon his monument
to Eula, the elaborate tombstone
on xvhich he has caused to be
placed the words: "A Virtuous
Wife is a Crown to Her Husband."
Snopes, I. 0.--a failure as a 36-40, 79* 104, 129*
blacksmith and as a school- 150* 196* 232-240,
master (see The Hamlet). 242-244, 247, 248, 250-
This mouther of "worn saws 253* 255-259* 347* 360,
and proverbs" also fails in 365
the Jefferson restaurant, where
he succeeds Flem as manager.
Only at breeding does he seem
to be a success, for he has
fathered several children by at
least two women, only one of
whom he is legally married to.
His most audacious business
venture is a curious partner
ship with Mr. Halt (see "Lonzo
Halt"), which causes him much
misery in the form of lost
money when Mrs. Hait complete
ly outwits him. He does final
ly salvage some cash at the
hands of Flem but with the
proviso that he, I. 0., leaves
Jefferson forever.
Snopes, Mrs. I. 0.--I. O.'s second 367
"wife," to whom he is illegally
married. She cries "Them
Indians. Them Indians," by way
of attracting help for her son
Clarence, whom Byron Snopes*s
children are attempting to
burn at the stake.
298
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names : Pages:
Snopes, Linda--Eula1s illegiti
mate daughter by McCarron
(see The Hamlet), who merely
tolerates Flem, who she thinks
is her father, until he refuses
to let her go away to college.
Then she becomes his enemy, but
for a time only, because his
thoughtful, generous acts begin
to win her over; and his admis
sion that he is wrong in keeping
her at the Jefferson Academy
completes the job. Through
tears she calls him "Daddy" for
the first time and later, in
Oxford, she signs over her
inheritance to him, as he had
hoped she would do. After her
mother's suicide she commands
Jefferson's complete sympathy as,
with Flem, who Gavin has made
her believe again is really her
father, she looks upon her
mother's tomb and departs for
New York, alone.
Snopes, Mink--the only Snopes who, 78, 79, 81, 82
in Ratliff's words is "mean
without no profit considera
tion or hope at all." He
killed Houston when Flem was
on his Texas honeymoon (see
The Hamlet), and waited in
vain for the chief Snopes to
come to his aid. He spends
two and one half months in the
Jefferson Jail before being
sent to the penitentiary in
Parchman for life.
50, 131, 179-181, 183-
192, 194, 195, 261,
291, 298, 300, 310,
320, 321, 325, 328,
330, 331, 336, 339-341,
343-349, 351, 352, 354
299
The Town (1957)
Names:
Snopes, Montgomery Ward--son 39*
of I. 0. He goes to France 116
with Gavin as a Y.M.C.A. 154
worker and, while running an 177
army canteen, he imports a
French girl to entertain the
boys in the backroom. Gavin,
his superior officer, saves him
from disgrace because his family
name is the same as Eula's, with
whom Gavin, perhaps unconsciously,
is in love. Back in Jefferson
after the war, Montgomery opens
an arty photography shop which
is a front for a peepshow featur
ing obscene photographs. When
he is found out, he is prosecuted
for the lesser offense of boot
legging, thanks to the expert
manipulation of Flem, who is
now concerned with preserving
the sanctity of the family name
in Jefferson.
Snopes, Vardaman--son of I. 0. by 37*
his second "wife." Vardaman
is the twin of Bilbo.
Snopes, Wallstreet Panic (Wall)-- 34,
Eck's son and, like his father, 143*
a non-Snopes. He is honest. 167*
At the age of twelve he enters
kindergarten and labors
earnestly as a student and as
janitor and newsboy. By the
time he has completed his
schooling he, through his
mother, is the owner of a
grocery store. The girl he
marries is equally ambitious,
and they make a success of their
store, though they nearly lose
it once when "Wall" overbuys.
Flem essays to get a share of
the store by forcing a loan on
Key: T
Pages:
104, 105, 107, 112-
120-126, 150, 151,
156, 161-171* 176,
257* 347
39* 129-131
40, 110, 127-129,
144, 146-148, 150,
279* 282, 362
300
The Town (1957) Key: T
Names : Pages:
him. The plan fails, however,
and Wall, backed by his Snopes-
hating wife, finds the necessary
money elsewhere and is saved.
Spilner--man behind whose house 253
Mrs. Halt ties and kills I. 0.
Snopes's mule.
Stevens, Gavin--acting city attor- 3-8, 11, 13* 15
ney who shares with Ratliff
the burden of combating Snopes-
ism in Jefferson. Probably
equal to his hatred of this
evil force is his complex but,
in the final analysis, boyish
love for Eula Snopes. It is a
love that he is probably un
aware of as such, a love which
irrationally sets Eula on a
pedestal to which he will not
allow himself to reach even when
she, to save Flem, is willing
to have him reach. As Eula's
daughter, Linda, approaches woman
hood, Gavin attempts to protect
her from Snopesism by giving her
good books to read and by trying
to get her to a college away from
Jefferson. He misses the supreme
chance to save Linda, however,
when he refuses Eula's plea that
he marry Linda. His idealism can
not come close enough to reality
to allow this. Courageous and
loyal to the end, nevertheless,
he sees that Eula, though a suicide,
gets a decent burial, and even pro
cures the elaborate tombstone for
which Flem is to get the entire
credit. (He is narrator of parts 2,
5, 8, 13* 15* 17* 20, and 22.)
* 16,
301
The Town (1957) Key: T _
Names: Pages:
Stevens, Gowan--young cousin of 3* 11* 16, 22, 24-28,
Gavin (called his nephew in 45-53* 55-57* 59-69*
Requiem for a Nun), who lives 71-77* 105-107* 110-
in the Stevens Mallison home 112, 114, 116, 133*
while his parents are out oi* 134, 186
the U. S. Being several years
older than Chick Mallison, Gowan
knows many things which occur
before Chick is born, and he
becomes a sort of narrator through
Chick since the latter learns
about many of the events in' The
Town from Gowan.
Stevens, Lemuel Judge--father of 48, 49* 97-99
Gavin and Margaret.
Stone--Oxford lawyer who draws up 326-328
for Linda the papers which
surrender her inheritance to
Flem Snopes.
Thorndyke--Episcopal minister, one 342
of the four ministers sent by
the women of Jefferson to "for
give" Eula by conducting her
funeral services jointly.
Gavin, aware of the implica
tion, forbids them to offici
ate .
Tom--customer in the Sartoris 139
bank who cannot read the note
old Bayard has written out for
him. Neither can Bayard, so he
tears it up and writes out
another.
Trumbull--man who ran Will 36, 38
Varner’s blacksmith shop for
fifty years until the Snopeses
took over. Later Flem "sold"
Trumbull back to Varner when
Flem’s man, I. 0. Snopes fled
from Frenchman's Bend (see The
Ha.ml.e-t.).
302
The Town (1957)
Names:
Tull, Vernon--farmer near
Frenchman's Bend.
Tull, Mrs.--Vernon 1s wife. Her
sister's niece by marriage Is
the Illegal wife of I. 0.
Snopes.
Varner, Jody--Will's son,
brother of Eula.
Varner, Mrs.--wife of Will,
mother of Jody and Eula.
Varner, Will (Uncle Billy)--
fire-eating father of Eula and
owner of most of Frenchman's
Bend. He has never forgiven
Flem for outsmarting him in
connection with the old
Frenchman's place (see The
Hamlet and The Town, p. 228);
consequently he so arranges
his will that Flem will never
have any of the Varner wealth
in his own name. When, there
fore, Will is informed in the
same instant that his grand
daughter, Linda, has signed
over her heritage to Flem and
that Eula has been living in sin
with de Spain for eighteen years,
his anger knows no limits. He
storms into Jefferson at four
a.m., intent on throwing both
de Spain and Flem out of the
country, but a different plan
virtually forms itself out of
the circumstances, whereby de
Spain and Eula will leave town
together, and Flem will get the
bank. This arrangement leaves
Varner not happy but mollified,
for the time at least.
39,
38
5, i
273
328
227
300,
5-8,
81,
147,
228,
265,
286,
303,
311,
334,
351,
Key: T
Pages:
365-367
, 32, 227, 228,
294, 295, 299,
343, 344, 369,
292-295, 297, 299,
343, 344
32, 36-38, 79,
82, 117-119, 137,
151, 224, 227,
260, 261, 263,
271, 273-278, 283,
288-295, 297-300,
304, 308, 309,
313, 319, 320,
338, 339, 343,
365
303
The Town (1957)
Names:
Weddel, Grenier--young bachelor
whom Sally Hampton turned down
to marry Maurice Priest. After
the fight between Stevens and
de Spain at the Christmas ball,
Grenier and Maurice do battle
because Weddel has sent Mrs.
Priest an orchid, a triple
sized one.
Widrington, Mrs.--wealthy woman,
a newcomer to Jefferson. She
is owner of the Pekinese [sic j
that Byron Snopes's children
steal.
Wildermark--owner of a dry goods
store in Jefferson.
Wildermark (the senior)--good
chess player. He may be
father of the dry goods
store owner.
Winbush, Grover Cleveland--
Flem1s partner in the
restaurant until he is eased
out. He then becomes night
marshal in Jefferson. He loses
this job after a time because
he is more interested in visit
ing Montgomery Ward's illegal
peepshow than he is in preserv
ing law and order.
Wyatt, Doctor--atheistic presi
dent emeritus of the Jefferson
Academy and grandson of its
founder. He can read Greek,
Hebrew, and Sanskrit and has
even beaten the senior Mr.
Wildermark at chess.
Key: T
Pages:
70, 73, 77
362, 364
306
306
43, 88, 93, 124-126,
154, 156-163, 166,
167, 174, 195, 297
304
The Town (1957)
Names:
Wyatt, Miss Vaiden--second-grade
teacher to whom Wallstreet
Panic finally proposes marriage
in gratitude for her help.
Deeply touched, she introduces
him instead to the girl he does
marry, and she, Miss Vaiden,
goes to teach in another town.
Key: TT
Pages:
127, 128, 145, 146
THE SHORT STORIES AND SKETCHES
306
Sat. Eve. Post (Sept. 6, 1930)
Names: , , , , Pages:
"Thrift"
Ffollansbye--flrst officer to 16, 17, 78, 82
recommend Mac for promotion.
Before the war ends, he is
killed.
Mac Wyrglinchbeath, (Mac)--a 16, 17, 78, 92
Highland Scot in the British
military service. His entire
military career is devoted to
making money enough to pay his
neighbor in Scotland for the
care of his horse and cow and
have some left over besides.
To this end he cripples himself
that he may be transferred from
the infantry to the flying
corps so he can get flight pay,
and he accepts well-earned pro
motions until he is offered a
second lieutenancy. This pro
motion he refuses because
uniforms and social responsibil
ities will nullify the increased
pay. After the war he is faced
with a difficult decision:
shall he pay for not only the
keep of his horse and cow but
also for that of the two-year
old calf of his cow, or shall
he let his neighbor keep the
calf? After figuring carefully
and consulting a lawyer, he, as
his neighbor knowswell he will do,
takes the horse and cow only.
The calf will not fetch enough
on the market to justify Mac's
paying for its keep.
Robinson--gunner In Mac's plane. 78
He is killed in action.
Whiteley--British Army officer who 17
interrogates Mac about his
deserting.
307
Idyll in the Desert, Story (1931)
Names: Pages
Crump, Lucas--mail rider. Dis- 10
cursive yarn spinner, he
finally tells the story of
the two consumptives. He
does much to help, first, the
man; and, later, the woman.
He sends the woman money, ;^hich
she thinks comes from her hus
band, and he finally takes an
eight-months leave of absence
from his job so he can watch
over her.
Howes, or House, Darrel (Dorry)-- 8, 11-16
young consumptive. After a
two years' stay at Sivgut,
camp for consumptives, he is
cured and departs, abandoning
his mistress, who has joined
him at the camp and unknown
to him, become infected her
self. Many years later Dorry,
with his bride, sees his former
mistress without recognizing her.
She is on a stretcher at the
depot in Blizzard, Arizona,
waiting for the train on which
she dies enroute to Los Angeles.
She recognizes the man who she
has thought through the years
would come back to her.
Hughes, Manney--postmaster in 13, 14
Blizzard, Arizona. He makes
the letters containing money
which Crump sends to the woman
at Sivgut look as if they come
from her husband.
Lewis, Matt--owner of a livery 4, 10, 15, 17
stable. He assists Crump in
looking after the consumptives
at SiYgut.
308
Idyll in the Desert, Story (1931)
Names:
Painter--grocer. At the 10
request of Crump he gives
Howes groceries on credit.
Pages :
309
Miss Zllphla Gant, Story (1932)
Names: Pages
Gant, Jim--a stock trader. He 1-8
leaves his wife and two-year
old daughter to go away with
Mrs. Vinson. Both he and
Mrs. Vinson are hunted down by
Gant's outraged wife and shot
to death.
Gant, Mrs.--Jim's abandoned wife. 3-^? 7-17? 21, 22
After killing Jim and his mis
tress, she moves to Jefferson,
where she opens a dressmaking
shop. Her hatred of men is an
obsession, and she will not
allow Zilphia to be in their
company. The day Zilphia and a
painter secretly marry, Mrs.
Gant, more and more like a man
physically, sends the bride
groom away at the point of a
shot-gun. Three days later,
when the painter has gone for
good, Mrs. Gant dies in her
chair, erect and fully dressed.
Gant, Zilphia--only child of Jim 7~17? 20, 21, 23? 25?
Gant and his wife. Because 28, 29
Mrs. Gant hates men, she keeps
Zilphia a virtual prisoner.
Some time after her husband of
a few hours has left Jefferson,
Zilphia reads in a newspaper of
his marriage to another woman.
Thereafter, through a detective
agency, she keeps in touch with
the couple's affairs. When the
wife dies after giving birth to
a daughter, and the husband is
killed by an auto enroute to the
hospital where his wife dies,
Zilphia leaves Jefferson for three
years. When she returns she is
wearing a wedding ring, and she
has a little girl, who she says
Miss Zilphia Gant, Story (1932)
Names:
is her daughter and whom
she begins to guard just
as Mrs. Gant had once
guarded Zilphia.
Vinson, Mrs.--proprietress of a
primitive inn. She runs
away with Jim Gant to Memphi
where she, as well as Jim, i
shot to death by Mrs. Gant.
311
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS^
Names: Pages:
"Barn Burning"
de Spain, Major--Ab's landlord 12, 18, 19, 23
after Mr. Harris. De Spain
also loses a barn to Ab.
de Spain, Mrs. Lula--wife of 11, 16
Major de Spain.
Harris, Mr.--owner of burned barn, 3, 4, 5
who brings Snopes to trial.
Lizzie--Sarty1s aunt. 22
Sartoris, Colonel John--Commander 4, 24
of the Mississippi regiment of
which Ab Snopes claims to have
been a member. Ab named one of
his sons after John Sartoris.
Snopes, Abner (Ab)--the barn 5, 9, 13, 14, 18, 20
burner. During the Civil War
he was wounded for stealing
horses from his own men.
Snopes, Colonel Sartoris (Sarty)-- 4, 13, 22
ten-year-old son of Ab Snopes.
He runs away from home because
his father is a barn burner.
Snopes, Lennie--wife of Abner. 22
Snopes, Net--daughter of Abner. 22
"Shingles for the Lord"
Armstid--farmer who lives near 34, 38, 39, 41
Whitfield's church. He
helps put out the fire.
Armstid, Mrs.--Armstid's wife. 39
312
Collected Stories of Wi.13.iam Faulkner (1950) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
Bookwright, Homer— one of the 27-31; 34-37, 4l
early arrivals on the church
shingling job.
Grier, Res (Pap)--one of the 27-43
volunteer workmen on Whit
field's church. In an effort
to beat Solon Quick out of
half a dog, he accidentally
burns the church down.
Killegrew, Mrs.--wife of old 28
man Killegrew.
Killegrew (old man)--a seventy- 27, 28, 38
year-old farmer from whom Pap
Grier borrows a froe and maul.
Quick, Solon--owner of the 27-38, 40, 4l
school-bus truck. He helps
with the church and draws
Grier into the bet which
destroys the church.
Snopes--one of the volunteer 31; 38, 4l
workmen on the church.
Tull, Vernon--church member who 31-34, 36, 37; 4l
volunteers to help nail the
shingles on the church roof.
He is an equal partner with
Pap in the ownership of a dog.
Varner, Will-~man who gives 32
Vernon Tull the puppy, half
of which Vernon gives to Pap
for helping to raise the
animal.
Whitfield, Reverend--preacher 27; 28, 30, 38, 40-52
whose church is being roofed
by members of the congregation.
313
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: Cj3
Names: Pages:
"The Tall Men"
Gombault--the marshal. He 47, 53
understands the McCallums.
McCallum, Anse--son of Buddy. 50, 52
McCallum, Anse (old)--father of 54-57, 60
Jackson Stuart, Raphael, Lee,
and Buddy. During the Civil
War he walked from Mississippi
to Virginia to enlist in Stone
wall Jackson's army.
McCallum, Buddy--youngest of Old
A.nse' s sons, he served in
World War I. He catches his
leg in a hammer mill and has
to have the limb amputated.
McCallum, Jackson--oldest son
of old Anse.
47-50, 54-57, 60
50-52, 54, 55, 57, 60
McCallum, Lee--son of old Anse 52, 54, 55
McCallum, Lucius--son of Buddy. 50, 52
McCallum, Mrs.--wife of old Anse. 60
McCallum, Raphael (Rafe)--son of 47, 51, 52, 54-56
old Anse.
McCallum, Stuart--son of old Anse. 50-52, 54, 55, 60
Pearson, Mr.--government invest!- 47, 50
gator for the draft board.
Schofield, Doctor--physician who 45
amputates Buddy's leg.
Stevens, Gavin--lawyer Buddy con
sulted about selling cotton.
56
314
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names : Pages:
For "A Bear Hunt” see Big Woods.
"Two Soldiers"
Foote--the policeman in Jef- Q9, 90, 92
ferson who apprehends Pete 1s
brother.
Grier, Pete--young farmer who 81-90, 92-98
goes to Memphis to join the
army the day after the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Habersham, Mrs.--woman who ques- 89, 91
tions Pete's brother in Jeffer
son and arranges for him to go
to Memphis in search of Pete.
Killegrew (old man)--owner of the 81, 82
radio over which Pete and his
little brother hear the news
about Pearl Harbor.
Marsh, Uncle--brother of Pete's 84, 85, 87
mother. Marsh was wounded in
World War I.
McKellogg, Colonel--army officer 98
who provides a limousine and
a military chauffeur to take
the Grier boy home.
McKellogg, Mrs.--the Colonel's 99
wife, a kind Memphis lady who
takes the little Grier boy
to her home and then sends
him back to his family in
Frenchman's Bend.
Tull--father of the girls whom
Pete courts.
83
315
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names: Pages:
"Shall Not Perish"
Bookwright, Homer--owner of the 102
cattletruck on which Mr.
Grierson rides to town for
supplies.
de Spain, Major--bereaved father. 103, 104, 106, 107,
He is saved from committing 109, 110
suicide by the understanding
and courage of Mrs. Grier, who
has also lost a son in World
War II.
Grier, Pete--young soldier killed 101-106, 108, 111-114
in World War II.
Killegrew (Old Man)--owner of the 103
radio over which Pete and his
brother used to listen to the
war news.
Millard, Mrs. Rosa--mother-in- 112
law of Colonel Sartoris.
Quick, Mrs.--wife of Solon. Ill
Quick, Solon--builder, owner, and 106, 110, 111
driver of the local bus on
which Mrs. Grierson and her
son ride to visit Major de
Spain.
Sartoris, Colonel--Jefferson 112
officer in the Civil War.
"A Rose for Emily"
Barron, Homer--Yankee road 124, 126, 127
builder who has an affair
with Emily and then leaves
her.
316
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: Cj3
Names: Pages:
Grierson, Miss Emily--JefPerson 119-129
woman who, when deserted by
her lover, Homer Barron,
poisons him and keeps his body
in her bedroom as if he were
her living husband. To her
twisted mind her honor is thus
vindicated.
Sartoris, Colonel--mayor of Jeffer- 119-121, 128
son in 1894, when he told Miss
Emily that she would have no
more taxes to pay.
Stevens, Judge--chivalrous eighty- 122
year-old mayor of Jefferson.
Tobe--faithful Negro servant of 121
Miss Emily.
Wyatt (Old Lady)--relative of the . - 125
Griersons who visits Emily
after her father's death.
"Hair"
Bidwell--storekeeper in Division, 146, 147
a town on the Mississippi-
Alabama border where the
Starnes home is located.
Burchett--man with whose family 131# 134-136
Susan Reed lives.
Burchett, Mrs.--wife of Burchett. 131# 134-136, l4l
Cowan, Mrs.--Hawkshaw's landlady 136, 142
in Jefferson.
Ewing, Mitch--depot freight agent 142, 143
in Jefferson.
317
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
Pox, Matt--coarse, prying barber 132-134, 136, 142-144
who works for Maxey.
Maxey--owner of the barbershop 131-133* 136, 137* 140-
where Hawkshaw works. 144
Reed, Susan--orphan who lives 131* 141, 143
with the Burchetts. Though
of questionable morals, she
finally marries Hawkshaw.
Starnes, Sophie--girl engaged to 140, 146
Stribling. She dies before
they ever get a chance to
marry, but he pays off all of
the obligations of her family.
Starnes, Mrs. Will--Sophie1s 138-140, 146
mother who, because she is
better born than Stribling,
lets him do her housework
each April when he takes his
vacation.
Starnes, Will--lazy father of 138, 140
Sophie, girl to whom Stribling
was engaged. Will died and
left nothing but the mortgage
on his house, which Stribling
pays off.
Stevens, Gavin--district attorney 144, 145, 147, 148
in Jefferson.
Stribling, Henry (Hawkshaw)--a 131-135* 137-146, 148
close-mouthed barber who
finally marries Susan Reed,
the woman he has loved since
she was a child.
For "Centaur in Brass" see The Town
318
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names :
"Dry September"
Butch--hot-headed youth, a member
of the lynching party.
Cooper, Miss Minnie (Aunt Minnie)
--white woman about forty years
old said to have been attacked
by Will Mayes, Negro.
Hawkshaw (Hawk)--barber who
insists that Will Mayes would
not have harmed Miss Cooper.
He even accompanies the lynch
ing party in an effort to dis
suade the leader. (Mayes calls
him "Mr. Henry.")
Mayes, Will--the Negro who is
lynched because it has been
rumored that he assaulted
Miss Cooper.
McLendon--leader of the lynching
party. He had commanded troops
in Prance and had been decorated
for valor.
Pages
170-172, 176-178, 180
169, 174-176, 182
171, 173, 176, 178,
179
169, 170, 172, 173,
176, 177
171-173, 176-180, 182
"Death Drag"
Black--driver of car that takes 189
the strange aviators
into town.
Ginsfarb (Demon Duncan)--owner 194-198
of the unlicensed stunt plane
who Jumps from the airplane
onto the top of a moving car
and returns to the plane via
a ladder suspended from it. He
will risk his life to save a
few cents worth of gasoline.
319
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
Harris--raan who rents his car to 205
aviators for their death drag.
Jake--driver of the aviator's 196
stunt car.
Jock--pilot of Ginsfarb's stunt 193-197; 305
plane. Ginsfarb’s economy
measures have made Jock into
a nervous wreck.
Jones--secretary of the Fair 190
Association.
Vernon--restaurant man. 194, 196
Warren, Captain--formerly a flier 187; 192-194, 198,
in the Royal Flying Corps. 200-205
"Elly”
Ailanthia--Elly’s grandmother,
who knows about Paul1s Negro
blood and is outraged over her
grand-daughter's intimacy with
him. Elly loathes the old
woman, tries to get Paul to
kill her, and finally kills her
herself.
de Montigny, Paul--partly Negro
young man who enjoys intimacies
with Elly but refuses to marry
her. For this reason she causes
him to lose control of the car
he is driving and is thus respon
sible for his death and for that
of her grandmother. Elly her
self is miraculously saved.
Elly (Ailanthia)--young girl who 207; 209-219; 223
deserts Philip, her betrothed,
and because Paul will not marry
her, succeeds in killing him and
her grandmother, whom she loathes.
212
207, 209-212, 214,
216, 217, 219-223
320
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS,
Names : Pages:
Philip--asslstant bank cashier to 214, 215
whom Elly is engaged although
she does not love him.
"Uncle Willy"
Barbour--Uncle Willy's Sunday 227
school teacher.
Barger, Sonny--Negro storekeeper. 234
Bean, Captain--fIyer at the Jef- 24l
ferson airport.
Bundren, Dari--countryman who was 228, 229
taken to the insane asylum in
Jackson. (See As_. )
Callaghan, Miss--schoolteacher. 228
Christian, Mrs.--Uncle Willy's 238
wife for a short time.
Christian, Uncle Willy--old drug- 225-247
store owner, much beloved by
the young boys. He has the
dope habit, of which well-mean
ing blunderers try to cure him.
In an effort to escape them he
is killed in his own airplane.
Hovis, Mrs.--one of the Jefferson 229
ladies who try to break Uncle
Willy of the dope habit.
Merridew, Mrs.--most active of 228-239* 24l, 244, 245
those who are trying to force
Uncle Willy to give up his
narcotics.
321
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names : Pages:
Miller, Brother--teacher of the 227, 228, 230
men's Bible class which Uncle
Willy is forced to attend
after reformers take charge
of him.
Robert, Uncle--uncle of the boy 239
narrator of "Uncle Willy."
Schultz, Reverend--preacher at 227-230, 232, 234, 237
Uncle Willy's church. He tries
to force Uncle Willy into lead
ing a pure life.
Schultz, Sister--wife or sister 229
of Reverend Schultz.
Secretary--Negro chauffeur for 235* 236, 239* 241-247
Uncle Willy.
Wylie, Job (Old Job)--Uncle 226, 232-234, 236, 239-
Willy' s handyman. 247
For "Mule in the Yard" see The Town.
"That Will Be Fine"
Church, Mrs.--Jefferson lady who 274
calls on Mrs. Pruitt because
of Mr. Pruitt's position.
Mrs. Church never calls again
because on the occasion of this
lone visit she finds Mrs. Pruitt
without corsets on and smelling
of liquor.
Emmeline--Louisa's baby's nurse. 274, 279
Fred, Cousin--Georgie's cousin. 267* 275* 276
Fred, Uncle--husband of Georgie's 267* 271, 275* 276,
aunt Louisa. 278-280
George--Georgie's father. 271, 272
322
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names: Pages:
Georgie--the narrator, a seven- 272, 274, 287
year-old boy from Jefferson.
He sees his uncle's acts through
the innocent eyes of childhood.
Jordon, Mrs.--lady at whose house 287
Georgie sleeps the night of his
Uncle Rodney's death.
Louisa, Cousin--Georgie1 s cousin. 267., 275* 276
Louisa, Aunt--Rodney's sister who 267* 269-275* 278,
is Fred's wife and aunt of 279* 287
Georgie, the narrator.
Mandy--Negro cook in whose cabin 274-276, 284
Rodney is hidden for a time.
Paul, John--Negro servant. 269* 270
Pruitt--president of the Compress 271* 273* 274, 278,
Association who to please his 279
wife innocently gives Rodney a
job with his company.
Pruitt, Mrs.--Pruitt's wife. She 274
is in love with Rodney.
Rodney, Uncle--uncle of Georgie, 265-271* 273-288
the narrator, who is an inno
cent agent in his uncle's
machinations which include theft
of money and of men's wives.
Rodney is at last shot to
death by a wronged husband.
Rosie--Negro for Georgie's 265-267* 269* 270, 276,
family. 278, 286, 287
Sarah--Georgie's mother and
sister of Rodney. She is
married to George, Sr.
277
323
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Tucker--husband of one of the 268, 276
women with whom Uncle Rodney
has an affair.
Tucker, Mrs.--one of Uncle 266, 28l, 285
Rodney's mistresses.
Watts, Mr.--sheriff of Jefferson. 277
"That Evening Sun"
Compson, Candace (Caddy)--only 290, 292-297* 299-309
daughter of Caroline and
Jason, Sr.
Compson, Jason, Jr.--the Compson's 290, 293-295* 297-309
second son.
Compson, Jason, Sr.--genteel 292, 294, 298
father of the Compson children.
Compson, Quentin--the Compsons1 292, 294, 201, 304
oldest son.
Dilsey--the Compsons' cook. 290, 292, 295* 297-
300, 305
Frony--Dilsey's daughter. 294, 298
Jesus--Nancy's husband, who Nancy 290, 292-294, 296-297*
fears will kill her with his 299* 300, 309
razor.
Lovelady--white insurance agent 308
for the Negroes.
Nancy--Negro woman who cooks for 289-309
the Compsons when Dilsey is ill.
She has been having sexual rela
tions with various white men,
notably Mr. Stovall, deacon in
the Baptist church, who beats her
when she asks him in public for
324
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her pay. She is now pregnant
and fearful that her husband,
Jesus, will kill her.
Rachel, Aunt--old Negro woman. 294, 306, 307
She is said to be Jesus's mother.
Stovall--cashier in the bank and
deacon in the Baptist church.
He beats Nancy when she asks
him in public to pay her for
sexual intimacies.
T. P.--Negro boy, probably
Dilsey's son.
"Red Leaves"
Berry, Louis--Indian.
de Vitry, Chevalier Soeur
Blonde--a Frenchman who
became Doom's patron and gave
him ideas of Chieftainship,
indeed naming him "Doom" from
du homme.
Doom--born a subchief, he became
The Man, The Chief, and
acquired many slaves. When he
died he was succeeded by
Issetibbeha, his son.
Had Two Fathers--Indian (Sam Fathers).336
Issetibbeha--son of Doom and 313-321, 323-331* 333*
Chief until his death. Now 336-340
that he is dead his personal
Negro, who has fled, must be
found and killed before the
Chief's body can be interred.
291
294
322-327, 331* 337
317* 318, 320
316-319* 322, 324, 326,
327* 336
325
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Moketubbe--son of Issetibbeha and 316, 317* 320, 321,
chief, now that his father is 323, 325-327* 334-337*
dead. It is his traditional 339
duty to lead the chase for his
father's personal Negro, who
has fled. Moketubbe, fat and
lazy, does not relish his task.
Three Basket--Indian. 313* 315* 317* 322,
323* 325-327* 336,
"A Justice"
338-341
Basket, Herman--Indian, friend of 34-5-359
Crawfishford, who told Sam Fathers
the story which Sam passes on to
the twelve-year-old Compson boy.
Compson, Caddy--oldest daughter 343, 358, 360
of the Compsons.
Compson, Jason, Jr.--second son 343, 358
of the Compsons.
Crawfishford (Craw-ford)--Sam 347* 348, 352, 354,
Father's father, an Indian who 355* 357* 359
had a son by a Negro man's wife,
the son being Sam Fathers, whose
real name Is Had-Two-Fathers.
Doom (ikkemotubbe)--an Indian who 345-355* 357-359
poisoned his way to the chieftain
ship of his tribe. He was a boy
hood friend of Herman Basket and
Crawfishford.
Fathers, Sam (Had-Two-Fathers)--old 343-345* 358, 360
workman, half Indian, half Negro,
on the farm of the Compson chil
dren's grandfather. Sam tells
the oldest Compson boy (Quentin)
the strange story of his
parentage.
326
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Roskus--Negro servant of the 343
Compsons•
Sometimes-Wakeup--brother of the 349
Chief whom Doom poisoned.
Stokes--manager of the Compson 343, 344, 358, 360
farm.
"A Courtship1 '
Colbert, David--chief Man of the 363, 365, 374, 379
Chickasaws in the Yoknapatawpha
section.
de Vitry, Soeur-Blonde--white man 363
who accompanied Doom when the
latter returned to The Planta
tion from New Orleans.
Hogganbeck, David--pilot of Cap- 361, 362, 365-380
tain Studenmare1s riverboat
and mighty rival of Ikkemotubbe
for the affection of Herman
Basket's sister.
Ikkemotubbe--son of Issetibbeha's 361-380
sister. He vies with David
Hogganbeck for the affection
of Herman Basket's sister. When
he succeeds to the chieftain
ship of his tribe he is called
"Doom."
Issetibbeha--Chickasaw chief, 361-363, 365, 370, 372,
uncle of Ikkemotubbe. 378
Log-in-the-Creek--lazy young 363, 364, 366-371, 379,
Indian who spends most of his 380
time sleeping and playing the
harmonica. It is he who wins
the hand of Herman Basket's
sister.
327
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Moketubbe— son of Issetlbbeha. 363
He loses his succession to
Ikkemotubbe.
Owl-by-Nlght--young Indian who 363-365, 369, 370,
Is interested In Herman 372, 373
Basket's sister until
Ikkemotubbe looks favorably
upon her.
Studenmare, Captain--owner of the 366, 368, 378, 380
steamboat of which David
Hogganbeck Is the pilot.
Sylvester's John--young Indian 363, 365, 369, 370
interested in Herman Basket's
sister until Ikkemotubbe looks
favorably upon her.
"Lo! "
Weddel (or Vidal), Francis--chief 383, 390-393* 396, 400,
of the tribe of Indians who 402
live on a large grant of land
that Francis, one half Indian,
inherited from his French father.
His people pour into the nation's
capital to be present at the
trial of Weddel's nephew, accused
by the Indian land agent of kill
ing a white man who had bought the
land leading to the only fording
place of the river in the tribal
area and at this point established
a tollgate. Weddel's nephew raced
the white man for the tollgate and
the nephew's horse lost. Next day
the tollgate keeper was found with
a split skull. Weddel insists that
the President of the U. S. grant
his nephew a full ceremonial trial.
This procedure takes much time and
trouble. At last the President
appeases Francis, and he and his
328
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people return home with the nephew
a free man. Only a short time
later the president receives a let
ter from Weddel telling him that a
tollgate incident very similar to
the first one has occurred and
requesting another trial for his
nephew. This time the president
takes no chances but dispatches
troops to check the advance of
the Indians on the capital.
"Ad Astra"
Bland--American Southerner in the ^07-409, 412, 4l4-4l8,
British airforce. He is a 420, 421, 425-429
handsome Rhodes scholar, and
women adore him, but men do not
like him.
Comyn--giant Irishman in the 407, 409-411, 413-416,
British airforce. He is con- 419-421, 423-427
stantly looking for a fight.
Franz--brother of Monaghan's 418-420
German, to whom the latter
wishes to give his baronetcy.
Franz finally becomes a
Colonel in the Kaiser's army
and is killed in Berlin by a
German soldier.
Hume--British flyer. 4l4
Monaghan--an American flyer in 410-412, 4l4-4l7, 420-
the British airforce who takes 427
into a French cafe' a German
flyer whose plane he has just
brought down. He is getting
the embarrassed German drunk
against his will, and the
French patrons become outraged.
Aided by his drunken fellow
329
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flyers, however, Monaghan remains
untouched by the French sentiment.
At length a fight develops--the
outraged French people versus
Monaghan and his friends--and the
cafe is nearly wrecked; Monaghan
and his friends emerge from the
wreckage with their German still
safe.
Sartoris--American Southerner In 407-410, 413, 4l4, 421,
the British airforce. He is 423, 424, 428, 429
grieving over his twin brother
recently killed in action.
"Victory"
Cunningham, Sergeant--sergeant who 439-441
tries to protect Alec Gray.
Gray, Alec (old)--young Alec's 441-443
grandfather. He is in favor
of his grandson's joining the
army.
Gray, Alec--young Scotsman from 439-446, 448, 452-455,
a line of shipbuilders who 458, 464
joins the army at a very early
age for service in World War I.
After brutally killing his
sergeant major during an attack,
Gray goes on to a life of mili
tary distinction, which he
begins to prefer to a life of
shipbuilding. After the war,
as military heroes become ante
dated, he continues with his
crisp, unbending officer role
even after he becomes a beggar.
Gray, Annie--wife of Mathew, Sr. 454
330
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Gray, Elizabeth--baby sister of 44'7, 448, 454, 456
young Alec; she Is born after
Alec joins the army.
Gray, Jessie--young Alec's older 444, 447, 448, 456
sister, who marries while he
is away.
Gray, John Wesley--young Alec's 442, 444, 447, 448,
younger brother, Matthew's 454, 456
second son.
Gray, Matthew, Jr.--young Alec's 442, 444, 447, 448,
youngest brother, third son 454, 456
of Matthew, Sr.
Gray, Matthew, Sr.--son of old 441-443., 447, 452, 453^
Alec, father of young Alec. 455
Matthew believes his son's
first duty is to build ships.
Gray, Simon--old Alec's brother. 442
McLan--soldier under Captain Gray 449
whom the Captain disciplines
for having a filthy rifle.
Walkley--a subaltern who met 463., 464
Captain Gray in a military
hospital during the war. After
the war, Walkley, now a success
ful wheat grower in Canada,
sees the Captain selling matches
on a London street. When Walkley
tries to speak to Alec he gets
only a profane answer in return.
Whiteby--British officer who com- 457
mitted suicide after the war
because of "conditions."
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"Crevasse"
McKle--a subaltern who perishes 472
with eleven enlisted men in
a cave-in during World War I.
Under the leadership of their
captain and their sergeant
the remaining men, fourteen
all told, manage to dig their
way out of the closed-up cave
just in time to save them
selves from suffocating.
For "Wash" see Absalom, Absalom!
"Honor"
Harris--owner of the flying 559* 560
circus where Rogers and
Monaghan work.
Jack--man who tells Monaghan 552, 553
about a man who wants a
wing-walker for his flying
circus.
John--husband of one of the 563
women for whom a car is
being demonstrated.
Monaghan, Buck--ex-war flyer 554-564
who works as a wing-walker
in an air circus. He has
an affair with the wife of
his pilot, Robers, and Buck
and Mildred ask Rogers for
a divorce. Meanwhile Rogers
risks his life to save
Pages
332
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that of Monaghan, and
Monaghan departs, alone.
His last job, which he quits
also, is that of car sales
man .
Reinhardt--car dealer. He hires 563, 564
Monaghan as salesman.
Rogers, Howard--pilot with the 553-555, 558-561, 563
air circus who risks his life
to save Monaghan, the man he
knows is having an affair with
his wife. When Monaghan leaves,
the Rogerses become the happy
parents of a boy and name
Monaghan as his godfather.
Rogers, Mildred--Howard's wife, 556
who falls in love with
Monaghan. After Buck leaves,
however, she is happy with
Howard and their new son.
Waldrip--an aviator who helped 552
Monaghan learn wing-walking
right after the Armistice
when they were both still in
the army as test pilots.
West, Miss--Reinhardt*s secre- 551, 563, 564
tary, who is friendly to
Monaghan.
White--flyer acquaintance of 552
Monaghan during World War I
from whom Monaghan unwillingly
won so much money that White
committed suicide.
333
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"Turnabout"
Albert--mllitary policeman. 478
Bogard, Captain, H. S.--American 480-509
flight officer who takes young
Hope on a dangerous flying mis
sion, assigning him to one of
the machine guns, where he per
forms admirably. Of the crew
only Hope knows that one of the
bombs has failed to leave the
plane and is dragging dangerous
ly. In return for Hope's aid,
Bogard goes with Hope and Ronnie
on their torpedo boat and is
thrilled and frightened by the
danger involved. Bogard finally
fails to return from a dangerous
mission, whose objective he accom
plishes well beyond its require
ments .
Burt--boatswain1s mate on torpedo
boat X 001 who perishes with
the rest of the crew.
Collier--American flyer who owns a
mandolin.
Harper--a gunner with Bogard's
crew.
Hope, Midshipman L. C. W. (Claude)
--a very young assistant com
mander of British torpedo boat
X 001. Having no place to sleep,
he gets drunk each night and
slumbers in the gutters of the
nearby town. Intoxicated, he is
taken by Bogard to the latter's
quarters and goes on a flying
mission as one of Bogard's gunners.
Hope is so impressed by the dangers
he thinks an aviator faces that he
483, 508
491, 494
484, 509
478, 480, 488, 508
334
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Is apologetic when he takes
Bogard on one of his, Hope's,
highly dangerous torpedo runs
into German waters. A short
time later Hope perishes in action
with his crew of four.
Jerry--an American flight officer 483* 484
who underrates Hope because he
misinterprets the midshipman's
boyish talk.
McGinnis, Lt. Darrell (Mac)--Ameri- 485-492, 494, 504, 509
can flight officer who, mis
interpreting young Hope's light
British talk, makes insinuating
remarks about the young English
man.
Reeves--able seaman in crew of 483, 508
torpedo boat X 001. He
perishes with his fellows.
Smith, Midshipman R. Boyce 482-486, 491, 492, 494-
(Ronnie)--commander of 508
British torpedo boat X 001;
Ronnie and Hope play a game
of their own design called
"Beaver" even while they face
the gravest of dangers. To
honor Bogard the day he goes
on the boat Ronnie plans to go
to Kiel, but at Bogard's sug
gestion he makes a shorter
trip. Ronnie later perishes
in action with his crew.
Watts--aviation gunner in 509
Bogard's crew.
Wutherspoon, Jamie--one of
Hope's acquaintances.
479
335
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"All the Dead Pilots"
Elnora--Negro servant of the 529
Sartoris family.
Ffollansbye--man attached to 513* 51^-* 518
Sartoris's flying group.
Isom--Negro servant of the 529
Sartoris family; he is men
tioned in Johnny Sartoris1s
letter home.
Kaye, Major C.--officer of R.A.F. 530
who notifies Aunt Jenny of
Johnny Sartoris’s death.
Kitchener (Kit)--nickname for 51^
Sartoris's London girl friend,
so called because she has so
many soldiers, including
Spoomer.
Kyerling, R.--R.A.F. flyer who 530
saw Johnny Sartoris die.
Sartoris, Johnny--rash young 513* 520, 522, 525-
American flyer in the R.A.F. 527* 529
who risks life, limb, and
reputation to avenge himself
on Spoomer, his rival for the
favors of Kit and later of
’Toinette. Sartoris finally
killed in action
Sartoris, Mrs. Virginia (Aunt 529
Jenny)--young Johnny Sartoris’s
great aunt. (Really Mrs.
Virginia DuPre.)
Spoomer--nephew of the corps 513-520, 522, 525-527
commander, Spoomer is, conse
quently, in high office. Being
Sartoris’s superior as well as
his rival for the favors of
’Toinette, Spoomer is able to
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manipulate Johnny's assignment
to his, Spoomer's, advantage.
Through Johnny's trickery Spoomer
is removed from his command in
Prance and recalled to England,
where he becomes temporary colonel
at ground school.
1Toinette--French girl in whom 523
both Spoomer and Johnny Sartoris
are interested.
"Dr. Martino"
Charley, Uncle--the porter at the 585
summer resort.
Cranston, Lily--proprietress of the 578
summer resort where Louise and
Dr. Martino meets each year.
Jarrod, Hubert--wealthy Yale stu- 565
dent in love with Louise King. 576
With the unethical aid of Louise's
mother, Hubert succeeds in break
ing Dr. Martino's hold on Louise.
King, Louise— young girl caught 565
under the spell of Dr. Martino,
who has taught her much about
courage. His philosophy, when
applied to life, can be dangerous,
however, as Hubert soon discovers.
Martino, Dr. Jules--an old man 571
with a weak heart. He has met 584
Louise at Lily Cranston's
resort every summer since
Louise was a child and has
gained the courage, therefore
Pages:
579, 582, 584
568, 570-573, 575
578-584
577, 579-584
572, 574, 579,
585
337
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the strength to live, through
a spiritual affinity with Louise.
Soon after he has been tricked
into releasing his hold on Louise,
he is found dead on his favorite
bench.
"Pox Hunt"
Allen--wealthy Yale student in 598, 601
whom Mrs. Blair is interested.
Allen finally marries a show
girl.
Andrews--Blair's servant. 595
Blair, Harrison--wealthy English- 588-590, 592-603
man who marries where he does
not love. A skilled horseman
himself, he is contemptuous of
his Oklahoma-bred wife because
she cannot ride well.
Burke--Irish maid in Blair's home. 597* 601-603
Callaghan--riding instructor from 596, 597> 600, 602,
whom Blair's wife takes les- 603
sons. Callaghan tells Blair
that Mrs. Blair will never be a
horsewoman.
Ernie--valet-bodyguard to Blair. 59^-
Gawtrey, Steve--man invited to 589^ 599* 601-603
Blair's home because Blair
thinks Steve owns a fine horse
that can be bought. Though
Blair's wife loathes Steve,
she admits him to her arms when
she learns that Allen has
married.
Mose, Unc--old Negro man who helps 587
take care of Blair's horses.
338
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Van Dyming--man mentioned by 600
Ernie as being interested in
buying Gawtrey's fine horse, a
horse which does not exist.
"Pennsylvania Station"
Gihon, Danny--young hoodlum 610-612, 6l4, 615,
who among his many crimes 617-625
forges a note whereby he col
lects $130 from Mr. Pinckski
that Danny's mother has paid
on her coffin. Though he is
too busy to attend his mother's
funeral, Danny sends a $200
wreath.
Gihon, Mrs. Margaret Noonan-- 615, 622, 623
Danny's mother, an old charwoman
who buys her coffin at the rate
of fifty cents a week. Though
she cannot write, she says she
wrote the note which Danny had
forged in order to collect her
coffin money. This act of
Danny's hastens her death.
Pinckski--man who sells a coffin 612-618, 620, 622, 623
to Mrs. Gihon at the rate of
fifty cents a week.
Zilich, Mrs. Sophie--neighbor and 617, 618, 620-624
friend of Mrs. Gihon.
"Artist at Home"
Blair, John--a poet, house guest 629, 642-645
of the Howes. He falls in love
with Anne Howe and then refuses
to enter the house again, spending
one night in the rain. After he
has left, Howe sells a good poem
of Blair's, but by then the unhappy
poet is dead.
339
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Crain, Amos--farmer neighbor of 631, 632, 638, 640,
the Howes. 644
Crain, Mrs.--wife of Amos.
Howes, Anne--Roger's wife, who 628-630, 632, 636-645
for a time thinks she may be
in love with Blair. She soon
realizes that she is not and
asks Roger to take her back.
Howes, Roger--a successful novel- 627-630, 632, 634-646
list who is resting on his
laurels until Blair upsets the
quiet of his home. The excite
ment which ensues inspires him
to write a novel about the poet
and Mrs. Howes. The novel is
good, and the Howes renew their
happiness in each other.
Pinkie--the Howe’s Negro cook. 630, 632-634, 640, 641
"The Brooch"
Boyd--Howard1s father. He leaves 647
home six months after Howard’s
birth.
Boyd, Amy--Howard's wife, She is 648-658, 660, 664
ordered out of the Boyd home
by Howard's mother and departs
alone because Howard will not
leave his mother.
Boyd, Howard--dominated by his 649, 651, 655, 660
mother, he loses his wife and
kills himself.
Ross, Prank--Martha's husband. 660
Ross, Martha--friend of Amy. 654, 656, 660
340
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Boyd, Mrs.--cold, ruthless woman 651-653* 656, 657* 662
who, though paralyzed, domin
ates her son's life and wrecks
his marriage.
"My Grandmother and General
Bedford Forrest and the Battle
of Harrykin Creek"
Backhouse, Lt. Philip S.--young 672, 677-681, 683*
Confederate officer. He is 689* 694-696, 698, 699
so much in love with
Melisandre that he is a
danger to his own troops
while he remains unmarried
to her. General Forrest
and Miss Rosa arrange for
this marriage by dreaming
up a battle that never occurred
in which Backhouse is killed
and Philip St-Just Backus
(Backhouse with his name some
what changed) is appointed in
his stead.
Compson, General--Confederate 675
officer from Jefferson.
Compson, Mrs.--General 675* 676
Compson1s wife, who hid in
the privy when Yankee
soldiers came calling.
Holston, Doctor--Jefferson doc- 675
tor who warns the Compsons
that the Yankees are on the
way to their house.
Joby--Negro servant of
Sartoris.
667, 668, 671* 674-
664, 687* 691, 699
341
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Lounvinia--Joby1 s wife and cook 667-671* 673, 675. , 676,
for Sartoris. 678, 680, 683* 687,
690, 691, 698, 699
Lucius--one of the Negro servants 667-671* 673-677, 687-
of Sartoris. 691* 699
Melisandre, Cousin--young girl 667* 668, 670-672, 674-
living with the Sartorises. 683* 686, 687* 689,
When the Yankees arrive she 694-699
sits in the privy with the
family silver to protect it.
Even so, the Union soldiers
break in but are put to rout
by Philip Backhouse, Confeder
ate lieutenant. Soon after,
Melisandre marries the dashing
lieutenant.
Millard (Grandfather)--Miss Rosa's 688, 694
dead husband.
Millard, Mrs. Rosa (Granny)-- 667-672, 674-699
Colonel John Sartoris1s mother-
in-law. She manages the
Colonel's home while he is away
at war.
Philadelphia--Negro wife of 668-671* 674-676, 678*
Lucius. 683* 686, 687* 689* 691*
697-699
Ringo--Negro boy and constant 667, 669-671, 674-681,
companion of the narrator (who 683* 686, 687, 688,
is actually Bayard Sartoris, 690, 691, 695, 697-699
son of Colonel John). Like one
of the Sartoris family, Ringo
calls Miss Rosa "Granny."
Roxanne, Aunt--Negro servant of
Mrs. Compson.
675
342
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Sartoris, Colonel John--head of 684, 697
the Sartoris family. For some
time he Is Colonel of the
Mississippi regiment which he
organized. After being voted
out of the command he comes home
and stays for three months until
he gets over being angry. Then
he organizes a cavalry troop for
General Forrest's command and
returns to the war.
Snopes, Ab--self-styled independent 673-677* 679* 681-686,
horse-captain with Colonel 688, 693
Sartoris. He steals horses
wherever he can get them.
"Golden Land"
Ewing, Ira, Jr.--California busi- 702, 707* 709-711*
nessman. At fourteen, lacking 715* 716, 718, 722-
the fortitude of his parents 724
he fled his bleak Nevada home
town. At forty-eight he is a
wealthy realtor in Beverly Hills,
California, drinking heavily to
escape the life he now has: his
wife and he are enemies, and
their two children are tragic
failures. He believes he has
made his widowed mother happy,
however, having installed her
in a good house in Glendale,
all bills paid, where he visits
her each day.
Ewing, Ira, Sr.--strong pioneer 702, 704, 712, 724
with the will to endure. He
wrenched a living from the
pitiless Nevada soil and had
a town named after him.
343
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Names: Pages:
Ewing, Mrs. Samantha--widowed 707; 721
mother of Ira, Jr. Having been
denied the solace of her grand
children by a hostile daughter-
in-law, Samantha lives an empty
life; and she secretly nurses a
desire to return to Nevada. Since
her son couldnot understand this
desire even if he knew about it,
the mother has no source of actual
cash. She is trapped in Glendale,
Golden Land, where, she muses, "I
will stay . . . and live forever."
Ewing, Samantha (Lalear April)-- 705; 706, 708, 711,
daughter of Ira, Jr. She is an 713-715; 721; 722
extra in motion pictures, who in
her campaign to become a star, has
followed a sordid path and has just
made the headlines as one of the
three principals in a charge involv
ing sexual orgies. ("Lalear April"
is her professional name.)
Ewing, Voyd--feminine son of Ira, Jr. 705-707; 709
"There Was a Queen"
Caspey--Elnora's husband, in 727
prison,for stealing.
DuPre, Mrs. Virginia (Miss Jenny, 727-729, 732-734, 742,
Aunt Jenny)--ninety-year-old 743
sister of Colonel John Sartoris,
she lives with Narcissa and son.
Shortly after hearing of Narcissa’s
rendezvous in Memphis, she is
found dead in her wheel chair.
Elnora--cook for the Sartoris 727-734, 743; 744
family. Though she does not
know it, she is the daughter
of Colonel John Sartoris by a
Negro slave.
344
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1930) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
Isom--Elnora1s son. 728, 731-734, 737, 743
Joby--Elnora1s son, now living 727
in Memphis
Saddie--Elnora1s daughter who 728, 729, 731, 737,
takes care of Miss Jenny. 743
Sartoris, Bayard (old)--son of 727, 735, 736, 739
Colonel John.
Sartoris, Bayard (young)--husband 727, 728, 730, 734-736,
of Narcissa. He was killed in 739
an airplane crash shortly after
their marriage.
Sartoris, Benbow (Bory)--son of 728, 729, 734, 740-742
Narcissa and Young Bayard.
Sartoris, Colonel John--famous 727, 732-734
Civil War officer and railroad
builder. He is Miss Jenny's
brother.
Sartoris, John--son of old Bayard. 727, 734
Sartoris, Johnny--twin brother 728, 735
of young Bayard. He was
killed in France in World War I.
Sartoris, Narcissa Benbow--widow 727-730, 732, 733,
of young Bayard and mother of 735-737, 740, 74-3
Bory. She keeps a rendezvous
in a Memphis hotel with a Jewish
federal agent to recover certain
letters which he legally has in
his possession, obscene mash
notes written to her years before
by an anonymous admirer (see
Sar).
Simon--Colonel John Sartoris's 727
Negro servant, now deceased.
He was the husband of Elnora1s
mother.
345
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: C£3
Names: Pages:
''Mountain Victory"
Hule--young boy who tries to 764, 765? 772
save Weddel's life.
Jubal--Weddel1s Negro servant 764, 769* 771
and companion.
Vatch--mountain youth whose 749-751? 756, 758-763?
primitive hatred for Con- 766-770, 774, 777
federate soldiers drives him
to ambush Weddel and Jubal.
Accidentally he kills Hule,
his brother.
Vidal, Francois--French £migr£, 759
general of Napoleon, father of
Franc i s We dde1.
Weddel, Francis--Choctaw chief, 755? 759
one-half French, father of
Saucier.
Weddel, Saucier Major (Soshay)-- 746-754, 756-762,
a Confederate major, one-quarter 764-777
Indian, on the way to his
Mississippi home after the Civil
War. He and his body servant
seek shelter with a mountain
family. Though warned to leave
at once, he remains until dawn
because Jubal is too drunk to
ride before that time. When
the Major does depart he is
ambushed and killed by Vatch
despite efforts on the part of
Hule and his sister to save
him. The sister is in love with
Saucier, and the brother, Hule,
had hoped that Saucier would
marry her.
346
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS_
Names: Pages:
"Beyond"
Allison, Howard--the judge's son, 794, 796
killed at the age of ten while
riding his pony.
Allison, Sophia--the Judge's 790
mother.
Chlory--Judge Allison's Negro 782, 783
cook.
Jake--Judge Allison's Negro 782, 783* 797
gardener.
Mothershed--man with whom Judge 785-788, 791* 796
Allison talks in The Beyond.
Peabody, Lucius--doctor in 781, 782
attendance on Judge Allison.
As the Judge is dying, he
goes in spirit to The
Beyond to find out about
immortality.
Pettigrew--Judge Allison's 796, 797
lawyer or executor.
"Black Music"
Carter--architect for whom 809* 810
Midgleston worked.
Harris, Elmer--Chief of Police 819
on the Van Dyming case.
Midgleston, Wilfred--architect's 799* 802, 806, 819*
draughtsman who has a strange 320
experience, under the influ
ence of liquor probably, in
which he believes himself to
be a faun. Deluded, he
chases the wealthy Mrs. Van
Dyming and then disappears
in a nearby wood.
347
Collected Storie s of William Faulkner (1950) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
Believed dead, Midgleston gets
gets some attention in the news
papers, and he proudly sends the
articles anonymously to his wife,
thinking she will be pleased by
the publicity. Since that time
he has been living in total poverty
in a Latin-American country.
Midgleston, Mrs. Martha--Wilfred's 804, 810, 819., 821
wife, who, when Wilfred is
given out as dead, becomes the
recipient of Wilfred's insurance
money, a large sum, and soon
remarries.
Van Dyming, Carleton--a wealthy 807-809, 816, 818, 819
man who, to gratify his wife,
agrees to finance the construc
tion of various buildings, includ
ing a theatre, in the ancient
Grecian manner.
Van Dyming, Mrs. Carleton (Mattie) 807-809.. 816-819
born Mathilda Lumpkin--in the
sylvan setting of the Carleton
estate she is pursued by a nearly
nude man armed with a knife
(really a tin whistle) and by
a bull.
Widrington--manager of the company 803
which owns the house in whose
attic Midgleston sleeps.
Widrington, Mrs.--the manager's 803
wife. She gives Midgleston
permission to sleep in the
attic over the cantina.
348
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names: Pages:
"The Leg"
Davy--young American friend and 824, 826-828, 833* 834
Oxford classmate of George
who shortly after George's
death in World War I has a leg
amputated. In his ether dream
and in subsequent dreams he
begs George, whose apparition
appears to him several times,
to find his leg and make sure
that it is dead. After Jotham
Rust, Corinthia's brother, has
attempted to kill Davy, the
padre from Poperinghe gives
Davy a picture found among
Jotham!s personal effects. It
is a picture made away from the
hospital during the very time
that Davy was a patient there
talking to George's apparition.
There is about it "a quality
vicious and outrageous and
unappalled"j it is inscribed
"To Everbe Corinthia" followed
by an unprintable phrase.
George--British classmate of Davy 823-827* 829* 830,
at Oxford. George is very fond 832-835* 841
of Corinthia from the early
days. He is killed within a
year after the war begins.
Rust, Corinthia (Everbe)--daughter 823-825* 828, 835-
of Simon. She helps her father 839* 841
manage the boat lock on the
Thames. Here she meets Davy
and George, the latter boyish
ly enamored of her. Some time
after, during World War I,
just after George has been
killed and Davy has had a leg
amputated, Corinthia keeps
nocturnal rendezvous with
349
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names: Pages:
some being who has a
singular laugh. On one
occasion Corinthia disappears
from home, where she reappears
some hours later, unconscious.
When her senses return, she
screams hysterically and soon
dies, apparently of fear.
Rust, Jotham--brother of 835-838, 840, 84l
Corinthia, he notes her
strange behavior and follows
her when she, as if under a
spell, makes one of her noc
turnal trips to the nearby
Thames. Jotham hears a weird
laugh and notes that a punt
which he had seen seconds
before has disappeared. When
Corinthia dies in hysteria,
Jotham deserts his regiment
to locate the owner of the
satanic laugh. At length he
attempts to stab Davy while
the latter is asleep, but
Jotham trips over Davy's
wooden leg, which leans by
the bedside, and Jotham is
captured before he can harm
Davy. Found guilty of desertion
in wartime and of attempted mur
der, Jotham is executed. Before
his death he gives the padre from
Poperinghe certain personal
belongings which he charges the
padre to destroy. Among these
effects is a strange photograph
of Davy (see "Davy").
Rust, Simon--father of Corinthia 824-826, 828, 835*
and Jotham. Simon's death, of 836, 838-840
which he has intimations,
closely follows that of
Corinthia.
350
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: CS
Names: Pages:
Samuel (Sam'l)--a waterman on 825
the Thames.
"Mistral"
Cavalcanti-family name of Giulio's 870, 875
aunt, keeper of a wineshop where
Don and the narrator have some
drinks.
Don— an American youth who with 834-875
his friend, the narrator, also
a young American, finds himself
in a tiny Italian village during
the sad mistral season. The two
youths are much concerned with
the situation surrounding an old
priest who is undergoing spirit
ual torture because of his physi
cal interest in his ward, a young
girl, and because of the guilt
associated with the steps that
he has apparently taken to keep
other admirers away from her:
one has been unexpectedly drafted
into the army, and another has
very suddenly become ill and died.
Farinzale, Giulio— young sweetheart 848, 849, 851
of the priest's ward, Giulio finds
himself unexpectedly drafted into
the army. He returns to the village
on the day Don and the narrator are
there, however, and meets the
young girl, who has apparently been
awaiting him.
351
Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950) Key: C_S
Names: Pages:
"Divorce in Naples"
Carl--e±ghteen-year-old messboy 877-880, 882-890, 892
aboard a merchant ship. He
loses his virginity in Naples
and knowing George will dis
approve, he is hesitant about
returning to the ship.
George--Greek cook aboard the 877-890, 892
merchantman. He feels respon
sible for Carl's virginity and
is considerably upset when Carl
loses it in Naples.
Monckton--one of the crew aboard 8JJ, 879, 881, 882,
the merchantman. 886, 889* 890
"Carcassonne"
Luis--operator of the cantina 897
in whose dark attic lives a
lonely pauper. (In "Black
Music" his name is Wilfred
Midgleston.) The pauper's bed
is the floor and a strip of
tarred roofing paper; his com
panions are numerous rats.
Despite these sordid surround
ings this man's spirit is often
free and ranges the skies, seek
ing to create.
Widdrington,• Mrs.--wife of the 897* 898
manager of the Standard Oil
Company, owner of the cantina
building. She believes that
if one is white and does not
work he is either a tramp or
a poet. It is she who permits
the pauper to use the attic;
perhaps it is her belief which
inspires him to want to create.
352
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
"Was"
Beauchamp, Hubert--owner of a 5* 6, 8-18, 20-29
large estate half a day's ride
from the home of the McCaslins.
Hubert is desirous of getting
Miss Sophonsiba off his hands and
capitalizes on Uncle Buck's mis
take In entering the sister's
bedroom. Hubert is further
pleased because Buck and Buddy
must also take as theirs one
Tennie, a Negro girl who, as
the property of Hubert, has been
a source of much trouble to him.
Beauchamp, Miss Sophonsiba--
Hubert's sister, who plainly
wants to marry Theophilus
McCaslin. Through an accident
she gets her wish. (See
"McCaslin, Theophilus.")
Edmonds, McCaslin (Cass^-nine-
year-old great-nephew of
Buck and Buddy. He accompanies
Uncle Buck to the home of the
Beauchamps, where he sees all
and is, therefore, the narrator
of this story.
Jonas--Negro worker for Uncles
Buck and Buddy.
McCaslin, Amodeus (Uncle Buddy)--
twin of Theophilus. He loses
a card game to Hubert Beauchamp;
consequently his brother
Theophilus has to marry Beau
champ's sister, and Buck and
Buddy have to take the Negro
girl, Tennie, as their
property.
5, 6, 9-15, 21, 22,
24-28
3-5, 7, 10, 15, 21,
26
7
4-8, 10-12, 21, 25-30
353
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
McCaslin, Isaac (Uncle Ike)--son 3
of Buck. The story of ^Was, , , ,
Is told to him by McCaslin
Edmonds since all of the events
herein occurred before Isaac
was born. Isaac subsequently
repudiates the property of his
father; and McCaslin Edmonds,
next in succession, falls heir
to it.
McCaslin, Theophilus (Uncle Buck) 4-30
--twin of Amodeus. As a guest
at the home of Hubert Beauchamp,
Uncle Buck accidentally gets
into the bed with the host’s
sister, who is obviously inter
ested In marrying Theophilus.
As a result of this incident,
Uncle Buck finds himself pitted
against Hubert in a card game
with Uncle Buck’s bachelorhood
at stake. Hubert wins, but Buck
gets a brief reprieve when his
brother, Buddy, engages Hubert
in a second card game. The
result is the same as before, and
Buck finds himself engaged to
Miss Sophonsiba.
Tennie--a young Negro girl, pro
perty of Beauchamp. She is
acquired by the McCaslins
in the same card game which
costs Buck his bachelorhood.
Tomey's Turl--Negro boy (half
white), property of the
McCaslins. Tomey's Turl likes
the girl, Tennie, slave of
Beauchamp, and frequently runs
away from the McCaslins to visit
her. After the card game between
5, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24,
26, 28, 29
4-9, 12-15, 17-19,
25, 27-29
354
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Beauchamp and Uncle Buddy,
Tomey's Turl Is enabled to
have Tennie with him.
"The Fire and the Hearth"
Beauchamp, Fonsiba--daughter of 105, 107
Tomey's Turl and Tennie. She
marries and goes off to Arkansas
to live.
Beauchamp, Henry--son of Lucas and 111-114
Molly.
Beauchamp, James--oldest son of 104, 106
Tomey’s Turl and Tennie. He
ran away from home before he
came of age, crossing the Ohio
River.
Beauchamp, Lucas (Uncle Luke)-- 39* 43-47, 51* 53-57*
youngest child of Tomey's Turl 59* 60, 62, 63, 65~74,
and Tennie. He stays on the 76-82, 85-98* 100, 101,
old McCaslin place, finally 103-105, 107-109, 112-
becoming the oldest living 126, 128-131
descendant on the hereditary
land. As a young man he and
Zack Edmonds battle because
Lucas is, probably unjustly,
suspicious of the relationship
between Zack and Lucas's wife.
Lucas is triumphant. Years
later he makes illegal whisky
on the McCaslin property. Dur
ing this period he nearly loses
his old wife through divorce
because he spends most of his
time seeking buried treasure,
using a divining machine that
he has acquired through expert
trickery. Finally he is pre
vailed upon to give up his
futile search for gold.
355
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Beauchamp, Molly--Lucas's wife, 45-47, 60, 70, 75, 98,
who nursed her son Henry and 113# 115# 120, 121,
the motherless Cass Edmonds, 124-131
white, as if they were brothers.
After the death of Zack Edmonds'
wife, she lives at Zack's house
longer than Lucas thinks is
necessary. After Lucas and Zack
have a showdown, she returns to
her own home. Years later she
nearly divorces Lucas because of
his obsession with buried
treasure.
Beauchamp, Tennie--Negro, wife of 105
Tomey's Turl and mother of
James, Fonsiba, and Lucas.
Dan--Negro lotman on Edmonds' 83-85, 88, 96, 123-125
place.
Edmonds, Carothers (Roth)--grand- 33~36, 40, 42-45, 59-
son of Cass, son of Zack. He 62, 64-68, 70-73, 76-
is now owner of the old 80, 83, 85-87, 96-99,
McCaslin estate. He supplies 101-106, 109, 116-131
old Isaac McCaslin, who should
be the owner of the estate,
with the bare necessities of
life. Roth Edmonds does what he
can to manage his property, not
an easy task with such tenants
as Lucas and George on it; and
Roth manifests great concern
for Molly when Lucas neglects
her in his search for buried
treasure.
Edmonds, McCaslin (old Cass)-- 35, 43-46, 49, 56,
grandson of Isaac McCaslin's 59, 73, 104, 106, 110,
father's sister and grand- 126
father of Carothers (Roth)
Edmonds. He beat old Isaac
McCaslin out of his patrimony.
356
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GEM
Names: Pages:
Edmonds, Zack--Carothers1 father. 35, 39* 43, 44, 46-48,
He kept Molly Beauchamp on at 50, 53, 59, 73, 104,
his house several months after 106, 109* 114, 116,
Mrs. Zack's death and faced 122 (misc.)
the suspicious and jealous
husband, Lucas, in a showdown.
Zack lost, though bravely, and
sent Molly back to Lucas.
Gowan, Judge--the judge who tries 71, J2
Lucas and George for making
whisky illegally.
Henry--assistant to Judge Gowan. 74
Hulett--court clerk. 129
McCaslin, Amodeus (Buddy)-- 36, 39* 40, 45, 105,
Carothers (Roth) Edmonds' 106, 114, 115
great-uncle and twin brother
of Theophilus, both sons of
old Carothers McCaslin.
McCaslin, Carothers--the white 36, 44-46, 51-53, 104,
man who received the patent 105, 108, 114, 116,
from the Indians for the land 118, 126
which became the McCaslin
estate. Carothers fathered
Tomey's Turl by one of his
Negro slaves; thus he is
grandfather of Lucas Beauchamp.
McCaslin, Isaac--son of Buck. He 36, 39, 52, 56, 57,
repudiated his patrimony, and 106-108, 115, 118
McCaslin Edmonds succeeded to
it. Isaac now lives near
Jefferson in a cheap frame
house given to him by his father-
in-law, where he is the reci
pient of Roth Edmonds'
occasional donations.
357
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
McCaslin, Theophilus (Buck)--twin 36, 39# 40, 4 , 105#
brother of Amodeus. These two 106, 114, 115
sons of old Carothers McCaslin,
Buck and Buddy, first put into
operation in the early l850's
their plan for the manumission
of their father's slaves.
Oscar--Negro lotman on Edmonds' 83-85# 119# 120# 124,
place. 125
Rideout, Dr.--the doctor Roth 125
Edmonds summons to attend
Aunt Molly Beauchamp.
Thisbe, Aunt--old Negro woman. 50
Tom--deputy from Jefferson. 65
Tomey, Aunt--mother of Tomey's 57# 105
Turl by old Carothers
McCaslin. She is grandmother
of Lucas.
Tomey's Turl--son of old 106# 108
Carothers McCaslin by a slave
girl. He is father of Lucas.
Wilkins, George--slow-witted hus- 33-35# 39-45# 59# 60#
band of Nat, Lucas's daughter. 62-77# 80, 82, 83# 85#
Like his father-in-law, George 86, 88-96, 98, 101,
makes whisky illegally on 102, 120, 122-127
Roth Edmonds' land.
Wilkins, Nathalie (Nat) Beauchamp-- 34, 63# 66-68# 70-77#
daughter of Lucas and wife of 101, 122, 124, 125# 127
George. She helps her husband
protect himself against Lucas
when Lucas reports George for
making whisky illegally, an
offense of which Lucas is
equally guilty.
358
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names :
"Pantaloon in Black"
Aeey--Negro member of the mill
gang who tries to cheer Rider
when Rider is grieving over
his wife's death.
Alec, Uncle--husband of Rider's
aunt, who took care of him
when he was a boy and wants
him at her home during his
time of trouble.
Beauchamp, Lucas (Uncle)--oldest
tenant on land of Carothers
Edmonds, from whom Rider rents
the house ivhere he and Mannie
live.
Birdsong--white night watchman of
the mill where Rider works.
Birdsong conducts a crooked
dice game by which means he
cheats the mill hands out of
their money. When his
deceit is discovered, Bird
song attempts to draw his
pistol but is prevented from
doing so when Rider slashes
his throat with a razor.
. Edmonds, Carothers--Rider's land
lord .
Ketcham--jailer in whose custody
Rider is placed after the
Birdsong killing.
Mannie--Rider's wife. She dies
six months after their
marriage.
Maydew--sheriff who arrests Rider
after the Birdsong killing.
Key: GDM
Pages :
136
150
138
155-157
137, 138
157-159
135, 138-140, 145, 151
154, 156-158
359
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names:
MeAndrews--foreman of the mill 156
where Rider works.
Rider (Spoot)--Negro sawmill 135; 136, 146, 151;
worker whose bride of six 152
months dies suddenly. Des
perate, Rider gets very drunk
and joins in a dice game at
the mill. When Birdsong, the
white night watchman is caught
cheating, he attempts to draw
his pistol, and Rider slashes
his throat with a razor. The
following day Rider’s body is
found hanging from the bell-
rope in a Negro schoolhouse,
where he has been lynched by
some of Birdsong’s numerous
relatives.
Key: GDM
Pages:
"The Old People"
Ash, Uncle--Negro camp cook.
Compson, General--one of the
annual hunting party.
Major de Spain--host at the
annual hunting camp.
de Vitry, Chevalier Soeur--
blonde Ikkemotubbe’s French
companion, who returns from
New Orleans with Ikkemotubbe.
Edmonds, McCaslin--cousin of
the boy narrator (who is really
Ike McCaslin). Edmonds is
sixteen years Ike’s senior and
is more of a father to Ike than
a cousin. Edmonds is a regular
member of the annual hunting
party.
175; 176
164, 169; 175; 177-179;
185
164, 169; 170, 173;
175; 177-179; 185
165
164, 165, 167-170, 173-
175; 177; 179; 185-187
360
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names :
Ewell, Walter--member of the
hunting party. His gun never
misses.
Fathers, Sam--an old hunter.
Though Sam has lived as a
Negro for many years and
though his mother was a
quadroon slave, Sam's father
was Ikkemotubbe, Chickasaw
chieftain. Nominally in the
employ of McCaslin Edmonds,
Sam does as he pleases at all
times. A great woodsman, he
teaches the boy (Isaac) how to
hunt; and when, at the age of
twelve, the boy kills his first
buck, it Is Sam who performs
the ritual of putting the
buck's warm blood on the face
of the boy, thus making him a
hunter and a man.
Hogganbeck, Boon--giant half breed.
Equally faithful to Major
de Spain and to McCaslin
Edmonds, on whom he is depend
ent for his very bread. Boon,
grandson of a Chickasaw woman,
is a valuable addition to the
annual hunting camp personnel.
Ikkemotubbe (Doom)--father of Sam
Fathers. He, with the aid of
some poison acquired in New
Orleans, frightened his cousin,
Moketubbe, reigning Chickasaw
chieftain, into abdicating; and
Doom himself became the new
chieftain. During the ceremony
of accession Doom pronounced a
marriage between the quadroon
that he had impregnated and one
of the slave men. When the
Key: GDM
Pages:
164, 169, 175-181, 183-
185
163-166, 168-185, 187
164, 169. 170, 175-181,
185
165, 166, 168
361
Go Down Moses (1955) Key:
Names: Pages
quadroon's child was born he was
named "Had-Two-Fathers" (later
changed to "Sam Fathers"). Two
years later Doom sold the man,
woman, and child to his white
neighbor, Carothers McCaslin.
Issetibbeha--uncle of Ikkemotubbe 165j 166
and chieftain of the Chickasaws
until his death, when he was
succeeded by his son, Moketubbe,
whom Ikkemotubbe soon compelled
to resign.
Jobaker--full-blooded Chickasaw 172, 17^* 184
hermit living on the Edmonds
property. Only Sam Fathers
dared approach his hut. When he
died, he was buried in a secret
place by Sam Fathers, who also
burned Jobaker's little shack.
McCaslin, Uncle Buddy--twin brother 168
of the boy narrator's father.
McCaslin, Carothers--first ivhite 166, 169
owner of the vast lands which
McCaslin Edmonds now controls.
From Ikkemotubbe old McCaslin
Carothers bought the chieftain's
son, Sam Fathers, the boy's
quadroon mother and her Negro
husband.
McCaslin, Isaac--the young narra- 173
tor, an orphan, whom Sam Fathers
teaches how to hunt. In his
twelfth year the boy comes of
age when he kills his first
buck, and Sam marks his face
with some of the deer's hot
blood. From this day on he is
a hunter and a man.
GDM
362
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Moketubbe--fat, lazy son of 166
Issetibbeha. He succeeded his
father as chieftain when the
old man died. Shortly, however,
Moketubbe abdicated in favor of
his cousin, Ikkemotubbe or "Doom,"
as he came to be called.
Tennie's Jim--a Negro boy, one of 164, 169, 175* 176
the workers at de Spain's
annual hunting camp.
"The Bear"
Ash, Uncle--old Negro camp cook. 198-202, 204-206, 220,
224, 228-230, 233* 236,
245, 247* 249, 316,
317* 319* 321-326, 329
Baker, Joe--old Indian hermit, 214, 242
now deceased. He was a friend
of Sarn Fathers. (Also
"Jobaker.")
Beauchamp, Amodeus McCaslin-- 271
Negro, son of Tomey's Turl
and Tennie. He was born and
died on the same day.
Beauchamp, Fonsiba (Sophonsiba)-- 273* 274, 276, 280,
daughter of Tomey's Turl. She 283* 293
marries an educated but imprac
tical Negro who owns a small
farm In Arkansas. When Isaac
locates them to give Fonsiba
her $1,000 legacy, he realizes
that she may starve unless he
takes the necessary precautions.
This he does when he deposits
Fonsiba's money in such a way
that she will have $3.00
delivered monthly Into her own
hands.
363
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Beauchamp, Hubert--Ike1s uncle. 300-302, 304, 306-309
He lost the slave girl, Tennie,
to Uncle Buck McCaslin In a
poker game.
Beauchamp, James Thucydus 194, 199* 202, 205,
(Tennle's Jim)--son of 215, 216, 222, 227,
Tomey's Turl and Tennie 228, 232, 237-243, 246,
Beauchamp. Negro boy who 249, 251, 252, 272,
works at de Spain's annual 276, 293, 316, 323, 324
camp, his special job being
the care of the dogs. On
his twenty-first birthday he
vanishes from the McCaslin
estate, leaving his legacy of
$1,000 unclaimed.
Beauchamp, Lucas Quintus 274, 28l, 282, 293
Carothers McCaslin--last
surviving son and child of
Tomey's Turl and Tennie Beau
champ. He remains on the
McCaslin land and on his
twenty-first birthday demands
his $1,000 legacy of Ike
McCaslin.
Beauchamp, Tennie--Negro slave 263, 271, 272, 275,
won by Amodeus McCaslin from 276, 200-305, 310
Hubert Beauchamp. She becomes
wife of Tomey's Turl.
Brownlee, Percival--slave bought 263, 264, 292, 293
by Theophilus McCaslin. Since
Percival can do none of the
jobs he is needed for, the
McCaslins, unable to sell him,
set him free to get rid of him;
but he will not leave. Finally
they change his name to Spintrius.
At length he does leave, and many
years later he is found to be the
well-to-do proprietor of a
select New Orleans brothel.
364
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names :
Compson, General-one of the
expert hunters at de Spain's
annual hunting camp.
Crawford, Dr.--the doctor who
attends Lion, Boon, and Sam
Fathers after the last battle
with Old Ben, the bear.
Daisy— wife of old Ash.
de Spain, Major-large property
owner near Jefferson. He is
the host of the annual hunting
camp.
Edmonds, Alice— wife of McCaslin
Edmonds.
Edmonds, McCaslin (Cass )--Isaac 1s
cousin. Sixteen years older
than Isaac, he is like a
father to the boy. Though
McCaslin Edmonds is merely a
descendant of old Carothers
McCaslin on the female side,
he assumes ownership of the
McCaslin property because
Isaac, the true heir,
repudiates it.
Ewell, Walter— one of the annual
hunting party. His rifle
never misses.
Key: GDM
Page s :
194, 201, 202, 204,
212-216, 220, 224-226,
230, 236, 237, 246,
249-251, 300, 309, 315,
316, 319, 324, 327
243, 249
316
191, 194, 199, 201,
202, 204, 206, 212-215,
217, 220-223, 226-229,
231, 232, 234-240, 242,
243, 245-249, 252, 255,
309, 315-319, 321-325,
327, 328
276
192, 194, 204, 205,
214, 219, 221, 222,
226-228, 231, 232, 234,
236, 237, 246, 247,
249-261, 267, 268, 273-
276, 282, 283, 285-287,
289, 291-302, 304-306,
308, 310,
311, 315,
316,
319, 323, 327,
328
194,
199,
201, 202,
204, 210,
215,
220,
222, 226,
237, 239,
249, 315,
316,
319,
323,
324
365
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Fathers, Sam--son of a Chickasaw 191, 194-223, 225, 226,
chieftain and a quadroon 238-240, 242, 244-247,
slave. He is the chief woods- 249, 263, 295, 297,
man of the hunting camp. 300, 315, 323, 327,
After Old Ben is slain, the 328
venerable Indian desires death.
When the battle is over, Sam is
found face down in the mud of the
river. In the words of Dr.
Crawford, Sam "just quit." After
the others have departed, Boon
severs the slender thread of
Sam's life when, at the old
Indian's request, he shoots him.
Hogganbeck, Boon--grandson of a 191, 194, 198, 202,
Chickasaw squaw. He works at 204, 213, 215, 216,
the annual hunting camp. He 219-222, 224-227, 229-
is highly courageous and is 254, 300, 315-317, 319,
utterly loyal to his patrons, 320, 322-326, 328, 330,
McCaslin Edmonds and Major 331
de Spain. Boon is devoted to
the dog, Lion; and when Lion
is dying as he battles Old Ben,
Boon, who can hit nothing with
his rifle, leaps upon the huge
bear and stabs him to death.
Ikkemotubbe (Doom)--Chickasaw7 191, 255-257, 259, 260,
chieftain, uncle of 263, 300
Ikkemotubbe, who frightened
Issetibbeha's son into abdicat
ing shortly after Issetibbeha
died.
McCaslin, Amodeus (Uncle Buddy)-- 256, 26l, 263, 266,
twin of Theophilus, who was 271, 272, 283, 292,
father of Isaac. 299-302, 304, 309
McCaslin, Eunice--Negro wife of 263, 267, 269
Thucydus. She drowned herself
in despair two months after her
daughter, Tomasina (Tomey, Tomy),
gave birth to a son by old
Carothers McCaslin, white.
366
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names:
McCaslin, Isaac (ike)--young
boy who learns humility and
patience and becomes a full-
fledged hunter at the age of
twelve. Later, because he
believes that no man can own
land, he repudiates his
patrimony.
McCaslin, Lucius Quintus Carothers
--grandfather of Isaac and the
man who acquired the McCaslin
property from the Indians. He
fathered Tomey's Turl by a
Negro slave, Tomasina, and left
a legacy of $1,000 to Tomey's
Turl and to each of Tomey's
Turl's children.
McCaslin, Theophilus (Uncle
Buck)--father of Isaac.
McCaslin, Thucydus--McCaslin
slave, son of Roskus and
Phoebe (Pibby).
Phoebe (also spelled "Pibby")
McCaslin slave, wife of
Roscius.
Key: GDM
Pages:
229, 232, 237, 273,
283, 300, 307-309, 329
254, 256, 258
266, 269,
272
281, 282, 292
299,
301, 310
256, 26l, 265, 266,
271, 272, 282, 299,
300
266, 267
263, 266
Roscius (also spelled "Roskus")-- 263, 266
McCaslin slave, husband of
Phoebe.
Sartoris, Bayard--a guest one 236
night at Major de Spain's
hunting camp.
Sartoris, Colonel John--Civil
War leader of a body of
cavalry in Forrest's command.
234
367
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages
Semmes--liquor distiller from 227, 23^
whom de Spain buys his whisky.
Sibbey (Mrs. Sophonsiba Beauchamp 303
McCaslin )--mother of Isaac.
Sickymo (from "sycamore")--an 291
ex-slave who, after the war,
becomes a U. S. Marshal. He
sells liquor from his cache
in a sycamore tree, hence his
name .
Spintrius--McCaslin slave
"Brownlee, Percival.")
(See 265
Sutpen, Thomas--man who obtained
a large section of land from
Ikkemotubbe and later sold it
to de Spain.
Tomasina (Tomy, Tomey)--Negro,
daughter of Thucydides and
Eunice. She was the mother of
Tomey's Turl by Carothers
McCaslin, white owner.
Tomey's (Tomy's) Terre], (Turl)--
son of Tomasina (Tomy), a
slave girl and Carothers
McCaslin, white.
191, 255
269
269-272, 292, 300, 302
"Delta Autumn"
Beauchamp--man from whom Isaac 359
McCaslin's Uncle Buddy won
the slave, Tennie.
Beauchamp, Aunt Mollie--wife of 360
Lucas. (See "The Fire and the
Hearth." )
368
Go Down Moses (1955) Key: GDM
Names: Pages:
Beauchamp, James (Tennie's Jim)-- 361, 362
Negro grandfather of Ruth
Edmonds' mistress.
Beauchamp, Tennie--Negro girl 359
whom Amodeus McCaslin won
from Hubert Beauchamp in a
poker game.
Beauchamp, Uncle Lucas--Negro 360
man. (See "The Fire and the
Hearth." )
Compson, General--one of the 344, 362
hunters in de Spain's first
huntings camp.
de Spain, Major--host of the 344, 350, 354-
hunting camp where Ike McCaslin
went as a boy sixty years ago.
Edmonds, McCaslin--Isaac's cousin. 351, 359
Edmonds, Roth--great - great-great 336, 338-340, 344-349,
grandson of Isaac's grand- 352, 355, 364
father. He has a child by a
woman who, unknown to him, has
Negro blood. Knowing that she
will come to the hunting camp,
he makes a point of being absent
and telling Uncle Isaac to simply
say "No" to her and give her some
money. She does not want the
money, for she really loves
Edmonds.
Ewell--member of de Spain's hunt- 352
ing camp.
Fathers, Sam--son of a Chickasaw 350, 354
chieftain. He made a hunter
of Isaac when the latter was a
boy of twelve.
Hogganbeck--member of de Spain's 352
hunting camp.
369
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names:
Isham--old Negro worker at
Isaac's hunting camp.
Legate, Will--one of the hunting
party. He teases Edmonds
about Edmonds' interest in
"does," referring obviously
to Roth's mistress.
McCaslin, Amodeus (Uncle Buddy)--
Isaac's uncle. He died long ago.
McCaslin, Isaac (Uncle Isaac)-- 336,
young hunter of "The Bear." 353,
Now an old man, he still comes 359,
to the woods each November to
hunt. It is his unpleasant
duty to dismiss Roth's mistress
since Roth lacks the heart.
Tomey's Terrel (Turl)--half-white 359
boy who married Tennie.
Wyatt, Henry--one of the hunting 347,
party.
"Go Down Moses"
Beauchamp, Aunt Mollie Worsham-- 370,
old Negro woman, wife of Lucas 380
and grandmother of Samuel.
Sensing that something has
happened to Samuel, she asks
Gavin Stevens to find him. She
wants him home, dead or alive;
and since he is dead, she wants
him to come home right: there
must be flowers, hearse, and a
notice in the newspaper.
348,
361
337-
354,
359
Key: GDM
Pages :
349, 354, 357, ■
339, 343-347, 353,
356, 364
337, 345-347,
355, 356, 358,
361, 364, 365
348
373, 375, 379,
370
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names :
Beauchamp, Lucas (Luke)--husband
of Aunt Mollie. He is a
tenant on Edmonds1 farm.
Beauchamp, Samuel Worsham
(Butch)--grandson of Aunt
Mollie. After a series of
crimes in and about Jefferson
and Chicago, he is executed
in Chicago for killing a local
policeman.
Edmonds, Carothers (Roth)--owner
of the farm on which Lucas
and Mollie live and where
Samuel once lived. Edmonds
sent Samuel away when he
caught the latter robbing the
farm commissary.
Rounceweli--owner of the Jefferson
store which Samuel was caught
burglarizing.
Stevens, Gavin--county attorney.
He has Samuels body brought
home for burial and pays all
of the expenses, using some of
his own money and collecting
the rest from Jefferson
businessmen.
Wilmoth--editor of the Jefferson
newspaper. He helps Gavin
with his task of recovering
Samuel's body.
Worsham, Miss Belle--Jefferson
spinster. Her grandfather
owned Mollie's and Hamp1s
parents; consequently Mollie
is like a member of Miss
Worsham's family. Miss
Worsham regards it as her
Key: GDM
Pages:
377
369, 372-374
370, 371, 373, 375,
377, 380
373
370-383
375
374, 377-383
371
Go Down Moses (1955)
Names :
duty to get Samuel's body
for a respectable burial.
Even though she is very
poor, she wants to bear
all of the expense no mat
ter how great it is.
Worsham, Hamp--Mollie Beauchamp's
brother. He and his wife live
with Miss Worsham and help her
eke out a living in Jefferson
by selling chickens and vege
tables .
Worsham, Samuel--father of Miss
Worsham. It was for him that
Mollie named her grandson.
Key: GDM
Pages :
371, 375, 376, 379,
380
376
372
Mademoiselle (October 1955)
Names: Pages:
"By the People"
Bookwright--farmer near French- 137
man's Bend. (See "Grier,
Eck." )
Charles--Gavin1s nephew. He 139
insists that his uncle and
others of Gavin's generation
should combat Snopes because
they, the older ones, know
what to do. (He is really
Charles "Chick" Mallison, son
of Gavin's twin sister.)
Devries, Colonel--hero of World 134-138
War II and the Korean campaign
in both of which he won fame
as a commander of Negro troops.
As opponent of Snopes in the
race for U. S. Senator, he is
in danger of losing because
Snopes craftily calls atten
tion to Devries 1 friendship
for Negroes. As a result of
Ratliff's strategy, however,
Snopes is eliminated and the
one-legged Colonel wins.
Grier, Eck--farmer near French- 137
man's Bank. Years ago he
swapped Bookwright a dog for
half a day's work shingling the
church. (See "Barn Burning" in
CS. )
Ratliff, V. K.--bland salesman of 86-88, 137-139
sewing machines, organs,
radios, and television sets.
He watches human folly but
believes in human aspiration.
Knowing Snopes for what he is,
Ratliff eliminates him from
the political race by having
373
Mademoiselle (October 1955)
Names : Pages:
Devries' nephews so treat
Clarence's trousers that the
dogs mistake him for a tree.
Remish--organ manufacturer. With 87
Ratliff as a salesman for his
product, he becomes so famous
that several babies and a small
town in Northeastern Mississippi
are named after him.
Snopes, Clarence Eggleston-- 88, 89, 130, 133-138
Mississippi Senator. Formerly
a notorious brawler, he was
made constable of Frenchman's
Bend by Uncle Billy Varner.
Thereafter he ceased being a
bully and decided to exploit
men's capacities rather than
beat men. A born opportunist,
he soon tricks his way into the
State Legislature. After twenty
years in the Legislature he runs
against Colonel Devries for U. S.
Senator. Only Ratliff's stra
tegy prevents Clarence, apparent
ly a sure winner, from being
elected. After the dog episode,
Snopes, completely humiliated,
withdraws from the race because
Uncle Billy will not back a man
"that the dogs can't tell from
a tree."
Stevens, Gavin (Uncle Gavin )--
County Attorney of
Yoknapatawpha County. His
real vocation is meddling in
other people's business. He
tells his nephew that his,
Gavin's, generation is too old,
too tired to beat Snopes and
his kind; but when Ratliff, who
is of Gavin's generation, out
wits Snopes, Stevens, pressed
88, 89, 130, 133, 135-
139
374
Pages :
86, 88, 89, 130, 134,
136-139
whole section around Frenchman's
Bend. He starts Clarence
Snopes in politics and backs
him for years until he Is led
to believe that the dogs do
not know Clarence from a tree.
He then takes away his support
and Clarence is obliged to
withdraw from the race for
high office.
Mademoiselle (October 1955)
Names:
by his nephew, agrees that
everyone can help in the
fight against evil.
Varner, Uncle Billy--patriarch
and undisputed chief of the
375
Bis Woods (1955) Key: BW
Names: Pages:
"A Bear Hunt”
Basket, John--leader of the 155, 156, 158, 162
Indians who frighten Luke
Hogganbeck into losing his
hiccups•
Compson, General--a member of 145
old Major de Spain's hunting
club.
de Spain, Major (old )--father of 145, 147
the present Major de Spain and
host of the original hunting
club. He and McCaslin Edmonds
supported Boon Hogganbeck all
of his life.
de Spain, Major (young)--host of 145, 146, 147, 149,
the annual hunting camp. He l6l
is a banker who helps support
the family of the improvident
Lucius Hogganbeck.
de Spain, Mrs.--wife of Major 145
de Spain the younger.
Edmonds, McCaslin--a member of 145, 147
old Major de Spain's hunting
club. He helped de Spain
support Boon Hogganbeck, father
of Lucius.
Ewell, Walter--a member of old 145
Major de Spain's hunting club.
Fraser--one of young de Spain's 158
hunting club.
Hogganbeck, Boon--loyal man- 145, 147
Friday of old Major de Spain's
hunting club and father of
Lucius.
376
Big Woods (1955) Key: BW
Names: Pages:
Hogganbeck, Lucius (Luke)-- 145-147, 149-153, 156,
formerly one of the wild 159-164
Provine gang, now tamed by the
years. At Ratliff's sugges
tion he goes to a nearby Indian
camp seeking relief for his
hiccups. The Indians cure him
by frightening him so badly
that he beats Ratliff in retalia
tion. (During his youthful days
he was called "The Butch.")
Hogganbeck, Mrs.--wife of Lucius. 146
She helps support her family
by sewing.
McCaslin, Uncle Isaac--a member 145, 152, 153, 158
of old Major de Spain's hunt
ing club. He is the only liv
ing member of that group and still
hunts with young de Spain's club.
Provine--family name of the two 146, 147
brothers who once led. a wild
gang of which Luke Hogganbeck
was an outstanding member.
Ratliff--ubiquitous sewing-machine 145, 147, 149, 157
agent. He is beaten by Luke
for advising him to go to the
nearby Indians for relief from
his hiccups. Ratliff is the
narrator of this incident.
Wylie, Ash (old )--father of the
Ash who figures in the Luke
Hogganbeck incident. He was a
servant of old Major de Spain.
Wylie, Ash (Old Man Ash)--old
Negro servant of Major de
Spain. He arranges for John
Basket's Indians to scare Luke
Hogganbeck by way of averglng
Luke's burning a fine celluloid
145
149, 151, 153, 155-157,
159, 161, 162
377
Big Woods (1955) Key: BW
Names : Pages:
collar that belonged to
Ash. Though the collar
incident happened twenty
years ago, Ash has never
been able to find a collar
as wonderful as the one
Luke ruined.
"Race at Morning"
Edmonds, Robb--a member of the
annual hunting party.
Ernest (Mister)--farmer who joins
the deer hunt for two weeks
each November. To make certain
that the hunters can chase the
prize buck next year, he pur
posely lets the proud animal
go unharmed. A widower himself,
he adopted the twelve-year-old
boy narrator two years earlier,
when the boy's mother and
father abandoned him.
Ewell, Walter--member of the annual
hunting party.
Legate, Will--member of the annual
hunting party.
McCaslin, Uncle Ike--an old man.
One of the annual hunting
party.
Simon--Negro cook.
175, 176, 177, 179,
193, 195, 197, 198
175-181, 183-198
176,
193, 197
175,
183,
176,
193,
180,
197
181
177,
194,
179,
197,
181,
198
193
177,
178,
179,
180
New Orleans Sketches (1958)
Names :
"Frankie and Johnnie"
Johnny--young tough who pro
tects the girl, Frankie, from
a drunken bum and then falls
tenderly In love with her.
Ryan--pollceman who described
Johnny as a "young tough."
"Mirrors of Chartres Street"
Ed--probably the name of the
one-legged drunk. When the
policeman arrests him, Ed
speaks eloquently in his
own defense.
"Damon and Pythias Unlimited"
Iowa--apparently a friend of
the narrator.
McNamara--a consumptive youth
at the New Orleans racetrack.
He is introduced by Morowitz
as his cousin, who will give
tips on the races in return
for a little donation to a
jockey friend of theirs who
is in the hospital. Because
they fall to quarreling
between themselves, they lose
all chances of gaining at the
stranger's expense.
Morowitz--a self-appointed guide
of gentlemanly pretenses des
pite his poor appearance. He
takes the stranger in New
Orleans to the racetrack and
there, with the aid of McNamara,
attempts to trick the visitor
379
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: NS
Names: Pages:
out of some money. In an
effort to gain more individ
ually rather than as a team
Morowitz and McNamara fall
to quarreling between them
selves as they vie for the
stranger's favor and thus
lose all they stood to gain
as a team.
"Home"
General/ the--one of the friends 74, 77, 78
to whom Jean-Baptiste has
promised aid in a crime.
Jean-Baptiste--an immigrant. He 73, 75, 77, 79
struggles within himself as
to whether or not he will keep
his word to certain friends and
aid them in a crime. Hearing a
familiar melody of his childhood
played on a musical saw by a
street musician, he decides to
stay within the law even though
he remains poor. Pete and the
General will not find him wait
ing when they come for him.
Pete--a friend of Jean-Baptiste.
Pete and others are about to
perpetrate a crime with the
special aid of Jean-Baptiste.
Tony the Wop--one of the men
about to perpetrate a crime
with Jean-Baptiste.
74, 76, 78
74, 76, 78
380
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: NS
Names : Pages:
"Jealousy"
Antonio (Tono)--Italian 83* 84
restaurant owner violently
jealous of his pretty young
wife. He accidentally shoots
to death a young waiter with
whom he has recently quarreled
about his wife.
"Cheest"
Potter, Jack--a jockey. He 94
steals his girl friend's garter
to wear for good luck in his
next race. He wins over the
favored horse, and his boss
asks for a contract with his
girl so she can furnish garters
for all of his riders.
"Out of Nazareth"
Spratling--an artist. Impressed 101, 102, 104, 105,
by the features of a seventeen- 110
year-old boy, he attempts to
hire him as a model. The boy,
homeless, jobless, has, never
theless, the independence of
youthful illusion and believes
In the freedom of innocent
vagabondage; consequently he
will not promise to keep an
appointment with Spratling, even
though the latter is willing to
pay the boy well.
"The Kingdom of God"
Jake--man mentioned by the Idiot's 114
brother as owner of a place where
the idiot could not be left that
381
Key: NS
Pages :
"The Rosary"
Harris--man who hates two things: 123-128
his neighbor, Juan Venturia,
and a song called "The Rosary."
Harris dies of pneumonia and by
his death robs Juan of his
greatest joy, that of plaguing
Harris.
Venturia, Juan--a shopkeeper who 123-128
lives for his hatred of his
neighbor, Harris. Knowing how
Harris loathes "The Rosary"
Venturia plays under Harris’s
window a horrible rendition of
"The Rosary" on a saxophone
that he has just bought for that
purpose. Perhaps Harris has the
last laugh, however, for he has
just died of pneumonia; and only
he would have been able to recog
nize Juan's solo as being "The
Rosary."
"The Cobbler"
There are no named characters in
this sketch. It is the story of
an ancient cobbler who, when he
was young, lost his sweetheart to
a wealthy man. Now he cannot remem
ber details very well.
New Orleans Sketches (1958)
Names:
day. The brother of the idiot
and his partner are arrested
for delivering whisky because
the partner shakes the poor
idiot, and the latter's brother
attacks the partner, thus
attracting the attention of
two policemen, who subsequently
discover two sacks of illicit
whisky in the partners' truck.
382
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: NS
Names : Pages:
"Chance"
There are no named characters In
this sketch. It is the story of
a pretentious beggar who wins
$1000 and soon loses it through
his foolishness.
"Sunset"
Bob (Mist1 Bob)--employer and 1^9, 155? 157
landlord, probably, of a Negro
who tries to go to Africa.
After paying four dollars to a
white man for a boat ride, he
is put off at a place that he
is told is Africa. Fearful of
of the new country, he shoots
what he thinks is a lion. In
the chase which follows he,
thinking he is beset by wild
African natives, kills two
other men, one a Negro. At
last he is killed by his pur
suers .
Wallace, Captain--leader of a 147
detachment of soldiers. They
- track the Negro killer down
and shoot him.
"The Kid Learns"
Gray, Johnny--a young mobster. 161-164, 166, 167
A girl causes him to cross
The Wop, his more experienced
rival, before he is ready.
This circumstance results in
Johnny1s death.
Mary--the girl Johnny rescues 167
from the Wop.
383
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: NS_
•s
Names : Pages:
Otto--Johnny1 s friend. He advises 161, 162, 164-, 165
Johnny to wait until he is more
experienced before trying the
Wop's power.
Ryan--a policeman who has known 165
Johnny a long time. It is
to Ryan's house that Johnny
takes Mary after he has
rescued her from the Wop.
Ryan, Mrs.--Ryan's wife. 165* 166
Wop, the--a reigning mobster. 162-165
When he attempts to force
his attentions on Mary,
Johnny interferes.
"The Liar"
Ek--a great yarn spinner. One 173-177., 181, 183*
of his intended lies turns out 184
to be the truth in that it
describes the actions of a
murderer so well that the
murderer, who is one of Ek's
audience, shoots Ek and flees.
Gibson, Will— owner of the store 171, 173* 174, 177*
where the loafers gather to 181, 183* 184
hear Ek's stories.
Haley, Lem--owner of some big 176
dogs that were used to tree
Ek when, in his youth, Ek
ran wild because his father
tried to make him wear shoes.
Harmon, Mrs.--owner of the house 173
through which Mitchell's
scared horse ran.
Lafe--one of the loafers at
Gibson's store.
176, 177* 183
384
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: N£>
Names: Pages:
Mitchell--resident of a country 172
town which bears his name.
Once some hill people who had
just seen their first train
were so frightened that they
tore into Mitchell1s horse and
buggy and caused the horse to
run away.
Rogers, Ken--sheriff in the town 175
of Mitchell.
Simpson--family name of some boys 174
who make whisky.
Starnes, Joe--a farmer in the 177-179
hill country. He surprises
his wife and her lover together.
The men then fight and Joe is
knocked unconscious. At this
time his opponent completes his
original plan: to have Joe
bitten by a rattlesnake.
Starnes, Mrs.--hill woman who is 177
leaving her husband to go with
another man.
Tim— Sheriff's deputy. 177, 178, 180, l8l
"Episode"
Joe--aged, blind beggar. He 8, 9
and his old wife pose for
Spratling.
Spratling--an artist and friend 7-9
of the narrator, who is a
writer. After Spratling has
completed his picture of the
old blind beggar and his wife,
he and the writer see that
the woman's face has exactly
the same expression as the Mona
Li s a.
385
New Orleans Sketches (1958) Key: NS
Names: Pages:
"Country Mice"
Gilman--airplane owner and pilot. 205-207
He and his twin brother, the
deputy, and their father, a
country Justice of the Peace,
not only foil three bootleggers
in an effort to deliver whisky
to New Haven but make a large
sum of money as well.
Gus--brother of the narrator.
Both are bootleggers who are
outwitted by a country Justice
of the Peace and his two sons.
Joe--a partner in the bootlegging
venture. .He and associates
regard Gilman and his family
as "hicks" until they find
themselves completely out-
maneuvered.
"Yo Ho and Two Bottles of Rum"
Ayers, Freddie--mate aboard the
the Diana, a steamer sailing
Eastern waters. It is officered
by British, manned by Chinese.
Mr. Ayers, a violent man, acci
dentally kills Yo Ho, a Chinese
messboy, with a blow intended
for the boatswain, whose skull is
harder than that of Yo Ho. The
mate remains untouched by his
deed until the Chinese insist that
Yo Ho be buried on land. The
mate's blustering does not alter
their stand; consequently the
ship spends several days making
land while the corpse rapidly
decomposes in the hot weather
near the equator. Mr. Ayers
198, 201, 204-207
201, 202, 205-207
213-223
New Orleans Sketches (1958)
Names:
begins to rej)ent his deed.
Ayers and the other white men
who accompany the burial party
drink the whisky that was to
be put in the grave with Yo
Ho and resolve to get more
liquor by killing other Chinese.
Instantly the Chinese disappear
and so does the corpse. The
white men return to the beach,
frightened, there to find the
crewmen waiting and the cart
which had contained the body
of Yo Ho empty. The Oriental
has triumphed over the "superior"
white man.
Bucky--a name the drunken chief
engineer speaks. It is his
nickname for Ayers or for one
of the other officers.
MASTER INDEX
Abe--Sar
Acey--7'Pantaloon"
Adams--T
Adams, Mrs.--T
Adams, Theron--T
Ailanthia--"Elly"
Ailanthia (Elly)--"Elly"
Akers--AA
Albert--As
Albert--"Turnabout"
Alec, Uncle--"Pantaloon"
Alford, Dr.--Sar, As
Allce--LA
Allen--TrFox Hunt"
Allen, Bobble--LA
Allison, Howard--"Beyond"
Allison, Judge--"Beyond"
Allison, Sophia--"Beyond"
Ames, Dalton--SF
Andrews--"Foxhunt"
Angellque--Fab
Anse--SF
Antonio (Tono)--"Jealousy"
Armstid, Henry--As, LA, H, T_, "Shingles"
Armstid, Mrs. Henry Lula, Martha)--As, LA, H,
Ash (see "Wylie, Ash")--"01d People,71 "Bear"
Atkins, Miss--LA
Atkinson--Py
Ayers, Maj.--Mos
Ayers, Freddie--"Yo Ho"
Backhouse, Lt. Philip S.--"Grandmother Millard"
Backus, Melisandre--T
Baird, Dr.--SP
Baker, Joe (see also "Jobaker")--"Bear"
Ball--Fab
Ballenbaugh, Boyd--KG
Ballenbaugh, Tyler--KG
Barbour--"Uncle Willy"Tr
Barger, Sonny--"Uncle Willy"
Barker--Fab_
Barron, Homer--"Rose for Emily"
Bascomb, Maury--SF
Basket, Herman--nA Justice"
"Shingle
388
Basket, John--"Bear Hunt"
Beale, Colonel--Fab
Bean, Captain--"Uncle Willy"
Beard--SF
Beard, Mrs.--Sar, LA
Beard, Virgil--Sar_
Beard, Will C.--Sar
Beauchamp--SFAp
Beauchamp, Amodeus McCaslin--"Bear"
Beauchamp, Fonsiba--"Fire and Hearth," "Bear"
Beauchamp, Henry--"Fire and Hearth"
Beauchamp, Hubert--"Was," "Bear," "Delta Autumn"
Beauchamp, James--"Fire and Hearth," "Delta Autumn," "Bear"
Beauchamp, Lucas--Int, "Fire and Hearth," "Pantaloon,"
"Bear," "Go Down, Moses," "Delta Autumn"
Beauchamp, Molly--Int, "Fire and Hearth,." "Delta Autumn, "
"Go Down, Moses''
Beauchamp, Philip Manigault--Fab_
Beauchamp, Samuel Worsham--"Go Down, Moses"
Beauchamp, Sophonsiba--"Was"
Beauchamp, Tennie (see also "Tennie")--"Fire and Hearth,"
"Bear," "Delta Autumn"
Beauchamp, Tomey1s Turl (see also "Tomey’s Turl")--T
Bedenberry, Brother--LA
Benbow, Belle Mitchell--Sar, San
Benbow, Cassins Q.--Un
Benbow, Francis--Sar_
Benbow, Horace (Horry)--Sar, San
Benbow, Julia--Sar
Benbow, Judge (Horace, probably)--H
Benbow, Judge (will, probably)--AA, Un
Benbow, "Little" Belle Mitchell--Sar, San
Benbow, Percy--AA^
Benbow, Will--Sar
Berry, Ben--KG
Berry, Louis--"Red Leaves"
Best, Henry--T
Bidet--Fab
Bidwell^^Hair"
Binf or d--Sari
Binford, Deewit--T
Binford, Mrs.--T_
Bird, Tom Tom--T
Bird, Uncle--Sar
Birdsong--"Pantaloon"
Birdsong, Preacher--T
Bishop--Fab
Black--"Death Drag"
Blair, Harrison--"Foxhunt"
Blair, John--"Artist at Home"
Blake, Jim--KG
Bland, Gerald--SF, "Ad Astra"
Bland, Mrs.--SF
Bledsoe--WPOM
Bledsoe, Sgt.--Fab_
Bleyth— SP
Blum--Fab
Bob (Mist' )--"Sunset"
Bogard--"Turnabout"
Boggan--Fab_
Bolivar, Uncle Dlck--H
Bon, Charles--AA
Bon, Charles Etlenne--AA
Bond, Jim--AA
Bookwright, Cal--T
Bookwright, Homer--"Shingles," "Shall Not
the People"
Bookwright, Odum--H, KG
Bouc--Fab
Bowden, Matt--Un
Bowen, Capt.--Un
Boyd--"Brooch"
Boyd, Amy--"Brooch"
Boyd, Howard--"Brooch"
Boyd, Mrs.--"Brooch"
Bradley--WPOM
Bradley, Mrs.--WPOM
Brandt, Dr.--Sar
Breckbridge, Gavin--Un
Bridesman, Capt.--Fab
Bridger--Un
Broussard--Mos
Brown, Joe--LA
Brownlee, Percival (see also "Spintrius" )
Brzewski--Fab
Buchwald--Fab
Buck--Sar
Buckner (Buck)--WPOM
Buckner, Mrs. Billie (Bill)--WPOM
Bucky--"Yo Ho"
Buckworth--WPOM
Bud--Uncle--San
Buffaloe--T
Buford (Bufe)--LA
Bullitt, Mrs.--Py
Bullitt, R. Q. TBob)--Py
Perish,
-"Bear"
390
Bunch, Byron--LA
Bundren, Addie--As
Bundren, Anse--As
Bundren, Cash--As
Bundren, Dari--As, "Uncle Willy"
Bundren, Dewey Dell--As
Bundren, Jewel--As_
Bundren, Mrs. (Mrs. Anse No. 2)--As
Bundren, Vardaman--As
Burch, Lucas--LA
Bur chet t-- "Hair7 1 "
Burchett, Mrs.--"Hair"
Burden, Beck--LA
Burden, Calvin--LA, Un
Burden, Calvin--LA, Un
Burden, Evangeline--LA
Burden, Joanna--LA
Burden, Juana--LA
Burden, Nathaniel--LA
Burden, Sarah--LA
Burden, Vangie--LA
Burgess--SI?
Burgess, Mrs♦--SF
Burk--Fab
Burke--"Fox Hunt"
Burney--SP
Burney, Mrs.--SP
Burney, Dewey--Sj?
Burnham, Lt. Frank--Py
Burrington, Nathaniel--LA
Burt--"Turnab out"
Bush--Lem--LA
Butch--"Dry Sept."
Butler, Joe--Sar
Cain--H
Callaghan--WPOM
Callaghan--"Fox Jjjjunt"
Callaghan, Miss--Uncle Willy"
Calvacanti--"Mistral"
Canova, Signor--KG
Carl--"Divorc.e in Naples"
Carruthers, Miss--LA
Carter--"Black Music"
Caspey (see also "Strother, Caspey")--"There Was a Queen"
Casse-tete (Horse)--Fab
Cayley, Hence--KG
Cayley, Miss--KG
Chance, Vic--Py
391
Charles (see also "Mallison, Charles" ) — "By the People"
Charley--LA
Charley, Uncle--"Dr. Martino"
Charlie--SF
Chlory--"Beyond"
Christian, Mrs.--"Uncle Willy"
Christian, Uncle Willy— T, "Uncle Willy"
Christian, Walter--T
Christmas, Joe (see also "McEachern, Joe")--LA
Church, Mrs.--"That Will Be Fine"
Cinthy— LA
Clay, Sis Beulah--SF
Clefus— T
Clytemnestra (Clytie )--AA
Cofer--WPOM
Colbert, David--"A Courtship"
Coldfield— SFAp, RN
Coldfield, Goodhue--AA
Coldfield, Rosa--AA
Coleman, Mrs.--SP
Collier--"Turnabout"
Collyer--Fab
Compson, Benjamin (Benjy, Maury)--SF, SFAp
Compson, Candace (Caddy)--SF, SFAp, "That Evening Sun,"
"A Justice"
Compson, Caroline Bascomb--SF
Compson, Charles Stuart— SFAp
Compson, General--AA, Un, Int, RN, T, "My Grandmother
Millard," "Pld PeopleT"0 "Bear,71’ "Delta Autumn,"
"Bear Hunt"
Compson, Jason IV--SF, SFAp, T, "That Evening Sun,"
"A Justice"
Compson, Jason Lycurgus — SFAp, RN
Compson, Jason Lycurgus II--SFAp
Compson, Jason Richmond III— SF, SFAp, AA, "That Evening
Sun"
Compson, Mrs.--Un
Compson, Mrs.— T, "My Grandmother Millard"
Compson, Quentin (female)— SF, SFAp
Compson, Quentin III— SF, AA, SFAp, "That Evening Sun"
Compson, Quentin Maclachan--SFAp
Compson, Quentin Maclachan--SFAp
Comyn— Sar, "Ad Astra"
Confrey, Marne--LA
Confrey, Max--LA
Conner, Buck--LA
Connors, Buck— T
392
Conventicle--Fab
Convict, the--WPOM
Cook, Celia--Un
Cooper--P.y
Cooper, Minnie--"Dry Sept."
Cowan, Mrs.--"Hair"
Cowrie--Fab
Crain, Amos--"Artist at Home"
Crain, Mrs.--"Artist at Home"
Cranston, Lily--"Dr. Martino"
Crawfishford (Craw-ford)--"A Justice"
Crawford, Dr.--"Bear"
Crenshaw, Jack--T
Crowe--WPOM
Crump, Lucas--"Idyll in Desert"
Cunningham, Sgt.--"Victory"
Daingerfield, Mlss--SF
Daisy--"Bear"
Damuddy--SF
Dan--"Fire and Hearth"
Dandridge, Miss Maggie--Int
Davies, Rhys--Fab
Davy--"The Leg71
Deacon--SF
Deacon--San
De March!--Fab_
De Montigny--Fab
de Montigny, Paul--"Elly"
Demont--Fab
Demont, Marthe--Fab
Depre, Mrs. Virginia (see "Du Pre")--RN
de Spain, Major--AA, H, Int, T?, "Barn Burning," "Bear,"
"Delta Autumn," ""Bear Hunt," "Old People," "Shall
Not Perish"
de Spain, Major Manfred--T, "Bear Hunt"
de Spain, Mrs. Lula--H, "Barn Burning"
de Spain, Mrs. Manfred--"Bear Hunt"
de Spain, Major--"Shall Not Perish"
Despleins--Py
de Vitry, Soeur-Blonde--"A Courtship," "Old People,"
"Red Leaves"
Devries, Colonel--"By the People"
Dlck--Un
Dilsey Csee also "Roskus, Dilsey")--SFAp, "That Evening
Sun"
Doc--San
Doc— WPOM
Dodge, Granby--KG
393
Dollar--LA
Don--"Mistral"
Doom (see also Ikkemotubbe)--"Red Leaves," "A Justice"
Doshey--H
Dough--SP
Downs, Mrs.--Int
Drake, Hubert--San
Drake, Judge--San, RN
Drake, Temple (see also "Stevens, Temple")--San
Dukinfield, Eunice--KG
Dukinfield, Judge--KG, T_
Du Pre, Mrs. Virginia (Jenny, Miss Jenny, Aunt Jenny);
see also "Depre"; and "Sartoris, Mrs. Virginia"--
Sar, San, Un, T_, "There Was a Queen"
Earl--SF
Ed--SP
Ed--Mos
Ed--"Mirrors of Charles Street"
Edmonds, Alice--"Bear"
Edmonds, Carothers (Roth)--Int, T, "Fire and Hearth,"
"Pantaloon," "Go Down, Moses," "Delta Autumn"
Edmonds, McCaslin--T, "Fire and Hearth," "Old People,"
"Bear Hunt" "Bear," "Was," "Delta Autumn"
Edmonds, Robb--"Race at Morning"
Edmonds, Zack--"Fire and Hearth"
Ek--"The Liar"
Elly (see also Ailanthia)--"Hair"
Elma, Miss--T
Elnora (Elnore)--Sar, "All the Dead Pilots," "There Was
a Queen"
Emmeline--"That Will Be Fine"
Emmy--SB
Ephraim--Int
Ernest (Mister)--"Race at Morning"
Ernie-- Fox Hunt"
Eunice--Sar
Euphrony--(see "Strother, Euphrony")
Ewell, Bryan--KG
Ewell, Walter--"01d People," "Bear," "Bear Hunt," "Race at
Morning," "Delta Autumn"
Ewing, Ira, Jr.--"Golden Land"
Ewing, Ira, Sr.--"Golden Land"
Ewing, Mitch--Sar, "Hair"
Ewing, Mrs. Samantha--"Golden Land"
Ewing, Samantha--"Golden Land"
Ewing, Voyd--"Golden Land"
394
Fairchild, Dawson--Mos
Falls, Will--Sar
Farinzale, Giulio--"Mistral"
Farr, Cecily Saunders--SP
Farr, George--SP.
Fathers, Sam (see also nHad-two-Fathersn "A Justice,"
"Old People," "Bear," "Delta Autumn"
Faulkner--Mos
Feinmann, Colonel H. J.--Py
Ffolansbye--"Thrift," "All the Dead Pilots"
Fentry, G. A.--KG
Fentry, Jackson and Longstreet--KG
Fentry, Stonewall Jackson--KG
Flint--WPOM
Flint, Ellie Pritchel--KG
Flint, Joel--KG
Foote--"Two Soldiers"
Fortinbride, Brother--Un
Fox, Matt--"Hair"
Frank--San
Frankie--Sar
Franz--"Ad Astra"
Fraser--KG
Fraser--1TBear Hunt"
Fraser, Doyle--Int
Fraser, Squire Adam--Int
Frazier, Judge--KG
Fred, Cousin--"That Will Be Fine"
Fred, Uncle--"That Will Be Fine"
Frony--SF, SFAp, "That Evening Sun"
Frost, Mark--Mos
Gambrell, C. L.--KG
Gant, Jim--"Miss Zilphia Gant"
Gant, Mrs.--"Miss Zilphia Gant"
Gant, Zilphia--"Miss Zilphia Gant"
Gargne, Mme.--Fab
Gargne, Mons.--Fab
Garraway--T
Gary, Dr.— SP
Gatewood, Noon--T
Gawtrey, Steve--"rrFox Hunt"
Gene--San
General, the--"Home"
George--"Divorce in Naples"
George--H
George--'TrThat Will Be Fine"
George--"The Leg"
395
Georgie--"That Will Be Pine"
Gibson, Dilsey (see also "Dilsey")--SF
Gibson, Roskus (see also "Roskus")— SF
Gibson, T. P. (see also "T. P.")--SF
Gibson, Versh (see also 1 1 Versh" J--SF
Gibson, Will--"The Liar"
Gihon, Danny--"Penn. Station"
Gihon, Mrs. Margaret Noonan--"Penn. Station"
Gillespie— WPOM
Gillespie--As
Gillespie, Mack--As
Gilligan, Joe--SP
Gillman--LA
Gilman--"Country Mice"
Ginotta--Mos
Ginotta, Joe--Mos
Ginotta, Mrs.--Mos
Ginotta, Pete--Mos
Ginsfarb (Demon Duncan)--"Death Drag"
Gombault--"Tall Men"
Gombault--T
Gombault, Uncle Pete--RN
Goodwin, Lee--San
Goodwin, (Pap)--San
Goodwin, Mrs. Ruby (see also La Marr, Ruby)--San
Gordon--Mos
Gowan, Judge--"Fire and Hearth"
Gower--WPOM
Gowrie--T
Gowrie, Amanda Workitt--Int
Gowrie, Bilbo--Int
Gowrie, Bryan--Int
Gowrie, Crawford--Int
Gowrie, N. B. Forrest--Int
Gowrie, Nub--Int
Gowrie, Vardaman--Int
Gowrie, Vinson--Int
Grady--Py
Gragnon, General--Fab
Graham, Eustace--^Sar, San
Granny (see Millard, Miss Rosa)--Un
Grant, Joe— Py
Grattan--Sar
Gray, Alec (old)--"Victory"
Gray, Alec--"Victory"
Gray, Annie--"Victory"
Gray, Elizabeth--"Victory"
Gray, Jessie--"Victory"
396
Gray, John Wesley--"Victory1 1
Gray, Matthew, Jr.--"Victory"
Gray, Matthew, Sr.--"Victory"
Gray, Simon--"Victory"
Green, Capt.--SP
Grenier--SFAp, Int, RN
Grenier, Louis--Int, RN, T_
Grenier, Louis (Grinnup)--Int, KG
Grier, Eck--"By the People11
Grier, Pete--"Two Soldiers," "Shall Not Perish"
Grier, Res (Pap )--"Shingles"
Grierson, Emily--"Rose for Emily"
Grimm, Eustace--As_, H
Grimm, Percy--LA
Grinnup, Lonnie-(Grenier, Louis)--Int, KG
Grove, Lena--LA
Grove, McKinley--LA
Grumby--Un, H
Grummet--As
Gualdres, Capt.--KG
Gus--"Country Mice11’
Habersham--Un
Habersham, Dr. Samuel--Int, RN, T_
Habersham, Emily--T
Habersham, Eunice--Un, Int, T
Habersham, Martha--Un
Habersham, Mrs.--"Two Soldiers"
Had-Two-Fathers (see also "Fathers, Sam" )--"A Justice,"
"Red Leaves
Halt, Lonzo--T
Halt, Mrs. Mannie--T?
Hagood--Py
Haley, Lem--"The Liar"
Halliday--LA
Halliday, Jim--Int
Hamblett--AA
Hamp--WPOM
Hampton, Hope or Hub (see also "Hub")--Int, H, T_
Hampton, Mrs.--Int
Handy, Professor--T
Hanley--Fab
Hank--Py
Harker--T
Harker, Otis--T
Harmon, Mrs.-^The Liar"
Harper--"Turnabout
Harris--"Rosary"
397
Harris--H, "Barn Burning"
Harris--San
Harris, Elmer--"Black Music"
Harris, Meloney--Sar
Harris, Plurella--Un
Harris--"Death Drag," "Honor"
Harrison--Un
Harriss--KG
Harriss, Max--KG
Harriss, Miss--KG
Harriss, Mrs.--KG
Harry--Fab
Hatcher, Louis--SF
Hatcher, Martha--SF
Head, Sidney Herbert--SF
Hawk, Dennison, Jr.--Un
Hawk, Dennison, Sr.--Un
Hawk, Drusilla (see Sartoris)--Un
Hawk, Louisa--Un
Hawkshaw (Hawk*) (see also "Stribling, Henry" )--"Dry
Sept."
Henderson, Mrs.--SP
Henri--Fab
Henry--SF
Henry--SP
Henry--RN
Henry--Sar
Henry--uFire and Hearth"
Henry, Uncle--Sar
Het--T
Hightower, Gail I--LA
Hightower, Gail II--LA
Hilliard--Un
Hines, Eupheus (old Doc)--LA
Hines, Milly--LA
Hines, Mrs♦--LA
Hipps, Buck--H
Hoake (old)--H
Hogben--WPOM
Hogganbeck, Boon--Int, T, "Old People," "Bear," "Delta
Autumn," "Bear Hunt*"
Hogganbeck, David--"A Courtship"
Hogganbeck, Lucius (Luke)--T, "Bear Hunt"
Hogganbeck, Melissa--T, KG
Hogganbeck, Mrs. Lucius-T^Bear Hunt"
Holcomb, Ashley--T
Holland--KG
Holland, Anselm, Jr. (Anse)--KG
398
Holland, Cornella--KG
Holland, Virginius--KG
Holmes, Jack--Py
Holmes, Miss--SF
Holston--SFAp, Int
Holston, Alexander--AA, KG, RN, T_, "Grandmother Millard"
Holston, Dr.--"My Grandmother Millard"
Holston, Mrs.--Un
Hooper--Mos_
Hope--"Turnabout"
Hopkins--SF
Horn--Fab
Houston [Negro)--Sar
Houston--As
Houston, Jack--Ii
Houston, Letty--T
Houston, Zack--T
Hovis--T
Hovis, Mrs.--"Uncle Willy"
Howes or House, Darrel (Dorry)--"Idyll in Desert"
Howes, Anne--"Artist at Home"
Howes, Roger--"Artist at Home"
Hub (see also Hampton)--Sar, KG
Hughes, Manny--"Idyll in Desert"
Hule--"Mountain Victory"
Hulett--"Fire and Hearth"
Hume--"Ad Astra"
Hurtz--Py
Ike--KG
Ikkemotubbe (Doom)--SFAp, RN, T, AA, "A Courtship," "Old
People, "Bear"
Ingrum, Willy--Int
Iowd--"Damon and Pythias"
Irey--Fab
Isham — '*Delta Autumn"
Isom--Sar, San, "There Was A Queen," "All the Dead Pilots"
Issetibbeha--RN, T, "Red Leaves," "A Courtship," "Old
People," "Bear"
Jabbo--T
Jack--"Honor"
Jackson, Al--Mos
Jackson, Art--Py
Jackson, Claude--Mos
Jackson (old man)--Mos
Jake--"Death Drag"
Jake--"The Kingdom of God"
Jake--"Beyond"
James, Lt. Col.--Fab
Jameson, Dorothy--Mos
Jarrod, Hubert--"Dr. Martino"
Jean--Fab
Jean-Baptiste--"Home"
Jenny, Aunt (see also "Dupre" and "
Jerry--"Turnabout"
Jesus--"That Evening Sun"
Jiggs--Py
Jim--H
Jim (Negro)--H
Jim (Negro)--Int
Jingus--Un
Job— T
Job, Uncle--SF, KG
Jobaker--"The Old People"
Joby--Un, "Grandmother Millard"
Joby--T,There Was a Queen"
Jock--"Death Drag"
Jody--As
Joe--Sar
Joe--San
Joe--Int
Joe--Py
Joe— KG
Joe--"rrEpisode"
Joe--"Country Mice"
John--"Honor"
John Henry--Sar
Johnny--"Frankie and Johnny"
Jonas--"Was"
Jones--"Death Drag"
Jones (Doctor)--Sar
Jones, Herschell--San
Jones, Januarius--SP
Jones, Melicent--AA
Jones, Milly--AA
Jones, Wash--AA
Jordan, Mrs.--NThat Will Be Fine"
Jubal--"Mountain Victory"
Jug--Py
Julio--SF
Junkin, Professor--SF
Jupe--LA
Kauffman, Julius (grandfather)--Mos
Kauffman, Julius (grandson)--Mos
4oo
Kaye, Major C.--"A11 the Dead Pilots"
Kemp--SF, H
Kennedy, Watt--LA
Kenny--SF
Ketcham--"Pantaloon"
Killegrew, Hampton--KG
Killegrew, Miss--T
Killegrew, Mrs.--"^Shingles"
Killegrew (old man)--"Shingles," "Two Soldiers," "Shall
Not Perish"
King, Louise--"Dr. Martino"
King, Mrs. Alvlna--"Dr. Martino"
Kitchener (Kit)--"A11 the Dead Pilots"
Kneeland--T
Kyerling, R.--"A11 the Dead Pilots"
Lafe--As
Lafe--*rrThe Liar"
Lahore (father )--H
Labove (son)--H
La 11 era on t - - Fab_
Landry--Fab
La Marr, Ruby (Mrs. Goodwin)--San
Lapin--Fab
Laura, Mlss--SF
Laverne (Mrs. Shumann)--Py
Lawington, Mi s s--Py
Leblanc--Py
Ledbetter, Mrs.--J^
Legate, Will--Int, "Delta Autumn," "Race at Morning"
Legendre, Dr.--Py
Lena, Missy--Uh
Le onora--Py
Levine, David--Fab
Levitt, Matt--T
Lewis, Matt--"Idyll in the Desert"
Lilley--Int
Littlejohn--As, H
Littlejohn, Mrs.--jH, T
Lizzie--"Barn Burning"^
Log-in-the-Creek--"A Courtship"
Long, Judge--T
Loosh--Un
Lorraine--SF
Lorraine--San
Louis--SF
Louisa--WP0M
Louisa, Aunt--"That Will Be Fine"
401
Louisa, Cous±n--, 'That Will Be Fine"
Louvinia--Un, "Grandmother Millard"
Love lady--"""That Evening Sun"
Lowe, Julian--SP_
Lucius--"Grandmother Millard"
Luis--"Carcassonne"
Luke--San
Luluque--Fab
Luster--SF, AA, SFAp
Mac--Py
Mac--SF
MacCallum
MacCallurn
MacCallum
MacCallum
MacCallum
MacCallum
MacCallum,
MacCallum
Men"
MacCallum
MacCallum
^McCallum
McCallum
^McCallum
McCallum
^McCallum
McCallum
Men"
"Tall Men"
Anse--T, "Tall
Anse (old)--H,
Henry--Sar
Jackson— Sar, "Tall Men"
Lee--Sar, "Tall Men"
Lucius— "Tall Men"
Mrs.--"Tall Men"
(McCallum), Raphael Semmes (Rafe)--Sar, KG
Stuart--Sar, SF, "Tall Men"
Virginius, Jr. (Buddy)--Sar,
Virginius, Sr.--Sar
(McCallum),
(McCallum),
T, "Tall Men"
MacCallum (McCallum),
MacGowan, Skeet--As
MacKenzie (McCannon), Shrevlin (Shreve)--SF, AA
Madden, Rufus--SP
Mahon, Donald--SP•
Mahon, Margaret Powers--SP
Mahon, Uncle Joe--SP
Mallison, Charles, Jr. (Chick)--Int, KG, T
Mallison, Charles, Sr. (Charlie)--Int, T
Mallison, Margaret (Maggie)--Int, KG, RN, T
Mandy--Sar
Mandy--TrThat Will Be Fine"
Int,
Mannie--"Pantaloon"
Mannigoe (Manigault),
Mannock--Fab
Nancy--SF, RN, "That Evening Sun1
Marchand--Py
Marders, Mrs.--Sar
Marengo (see "Ringo")--Un
Markey, Robert--KG
Marsh, Uncle--"Two Soldiers"
Martel, General--Fab_
Martha--WPOM
Martino, Dr. Jules--"Dr. Martino"
Mary--"The Kid Learns"
'Tall
402
Marya--Fab
Mat they;--KG
Maurier- -Mhs_
Maurier, Harrison--SF
Maurier, Mrs. Patricla--Mos
Maxey--LA
Maycox, Judge--Int
Maydew--"Pantaloon"
Mayes, Will--"Dry Sept."
McAndrews--"Pantaloon"
McCannon, Shrevlln (see "Mackenzie, Shrevlin)--AA
McCarron--H
McCarron, Alison Hoake--H
McCarron, Hoake--H, T_
McCaslin--RN
McCaslin--T
McCaslin, Amodeus (Uncle Buddy)--Un, "Was," "Old People,"
"Bear," "Delta Autumn," "Fire and Hearth"
McCaslin, Carothers--Int, "Old People," "Fire and Hearth"
McCaslin, Eunice--"Bear"
McCaslin, Isaac (Uncle Ike)--Un, H, Int, T, "Old People,"
"Bear," "Delta Autumn," ""Bear Hunt," "Race at Morn
ing," "Fire and Hearth," "Was"
McCaslin, Lucius Quintus Carothers--"Bear," "Fire and
Hearth"
McCaslin, Theophllus (Uncle Buck)--AA, H, Un, "Bear,"
"Was," "Fire and Hearth"
McCaslin, Thucydides--"Bear"
McCord (Mac)--WPOM
McCudden--Fab
McEachern, Joe--LA
McEachern, Mrs.--LA
McEachern, Simon--LA
McGowan, Skeets--Int, T
McGinnis, Lt. Darrell "(Mac)--"Turnabout"
McKellogg, Col.--"Two Soldiers"
McKellogg, Mrs.--"Two Soldiers"
McKie--"Crevasse"
McLan--"Victory"
McLendon, Jackson, Capt. --LA, T^, "Dry Sept."
McNamara--"Damon and Pythias"
McWilliams--KG
McWyrglinchbeath (Mac)--"Thrift"
Meek, Melissa--SFAp
Melisandre, Cousin--Un, "Grandmother Millard"
Merridew, Mrs,--"Uncle V/illy"
Metcalf--LA
Middleton, Capt.--Fab
403
Midgleston, Mrs. Martha--’ ’Black Music"
Midgleston, Wilfred--"Black Music"
Mike--SF
Milhaud, Madam--Fab
Millard (Grandfather)--"Grandmother Millard"
Millard, Mrs. (Miss) Rosa (Granny)--H, Un, "Grandmother
Millard," "Shall Not Perish"
Miller, Brother--"Uncle Willy"
Miller, Mrs.--SP
Milly (see "Jones)
Mink--SF • • -
Mjnnie--San
Mitch--Sar
Mitch--KG
Mitch--""The Liar"
Mitehell--KG
Mitchell, Harry--Sar
Mitchell, Harry--San
Mitchell, Hugh--II
Mitchell, Mrs.--SP
Mitchell, Unc Few--Un
Mohataha--RN
Moketubbe-"=" * r01d People," "Red Leaves," "A Courtship"
Monaghan--Sar, Fab, "Ad Astra," "Honor"
Moncton--"Divorce in Naples"
Monk--Py
Montgomery, Jake--Int
Mooney--LA
Moore, Brother--Sar
Morache-~Fab
Morowitz--"Damon and Pythias"
Mose, Unc--"Foxhunt"
Mosby, Uncle Hogeye--Int
Moseley--As
Mossop--KG
Mothershed--"Beyond"
Mulberry--RN
Myers, Al--Py
Myrtle--SF
Myrtle--Sar
Myrtle, Miss--San
Nancy (see "Mannigoe")--"That Evening Sun"
Natalie--SF
Nate--KG
Nelson, Aunt Callie--SP
Nelson, Loosh--SP
Newberry, Colonel--Un
Nunnery, Cedric--T
Nunnery, Mrs.--T
Odlethorp, Mrs.--KG
Odlethorp, Stonewall Jackson (Monk)--KG
Odum, Cliff— H
Old Man Hundred-and-One--H
Ord, Matt--Py
Ord, Mrs.--Py
Oscar--"Fire and Hearth"
Osgood--Fab_
Ott, Jimmy--Py
Otto--"The Kid Learns"
Owl-by-Night — "A Courtship"
Painter--"Idyll in Desert"
Paoli--KG
Paralee--Int
Parker--SF
Pate, Lucy--H
Paul--Fab
Paul--Trfhat Will Be Fine"
Patterson--SF
Patterson--SF
Peabody, Dr.--RN
Peabody, Dr. Lucius Quintus (Loosh)--Sar, SF, As, H,
"Beyond"
Peabody, Dr. Lucius (Young Loosh)--Sar
Pearson--"Tall Men"
Peebles--LA
Pete--Py
Pete— WPOM
Pete--RN
Pete--""Home"
Pettibone--AA
Pettigrew, Thomas--RN
Pettigrew--"Beyond"
Philadelphy (Philadelphia)--Un, "Grandmother Millard
Philip— "Elly"
Phoebe (Fibby)-~"Bear"
Picklock--Fab
Pinckski-- "Penn. Station"
Pinkie--"Artist at Home"
Polchek--Fab
Ploeckner--Sar
Pomp--LA
Popeye ("see also "Vitelli" )--San
Pose--KG
Potter, Jack--"Cheest"
Powers, Richard (Dick) --SP
Price--SP
Priest, Maurice--T
Priest, Sally Hampton--T
Pritchell--KG
Provine--"Bear Hunt"
Provine, Wilbur--T
Pruitt--"That Will Be Fine"
Pruitt, Mrs.--"That Will Be Fine"
Pruitt, Mrs.--KG
Pruitt, Rufus--KG
Quick, Ben--H, KG
Quick, Isham--KG
Quick, Lon (old)--As,
Quick, Lon (young)--As, H
Quick, Mrs.--"Shall Not Perish"
Quick, Solon— "Shall Not Perish," "Shingles"
Quinn, Doctor— San
Quistenberry, Dink--T
Rachel--Sar
Rache1--"That Evening Sun"
Ralph— WPOM
Ratcliffe--RN
Ratliff, Vladimir Kyrilytch (see also "Suratt")-
"By the People"
Ray--Mos
Red--San, RN
Redlaw (see also "Redmond") --Sar
Redmond (see also "Redlaw"J--Un, RN
Reed, Susan--"Hair"
Reeves--"Turnabout"
Reichmann- -Mos_
Reinhardt--"Honor"
Remish--"By the People"
Renfro--T^
Reno--Sar
Reporter, the — PjL
Res--Sar
Richard (Dick)--Sar
Richardson, Doctor--WPOM
Riddell--T
Rideout--H
Rideout- Aaron--H
Rideout, Dr.--"Fire and Hearth"
Rider (Spoot )--"Pantaloon"
Ringo (see "Marengo")--Un, "Grandmother Millard"
4 06
Rittenmeyer, Ann--WP0M
Rittenmeyer, Charlotte--WP0M
Rittenmeyer, Charlotte (Mrs. Wilbourne)--WP0M
Rittenmeyer, Francis (Rat)--WP0M
Rivers, Lee--SP
Rivers, Reba--San
Robert, Uncle--'*Uncle Willy"
Robyn, Henry (Hank)--Mos
Robyn, Patricia--Mhcs
Robyn, Theodore--Mos
Rodney, Uncle--"That Will Be Fine"
Roebuck, John Wesley--T
Roger--Sar
Rogers— SF
Rogers, Howard--"Honor"
Rogers, Ken--"The Liar"
Rogers, Mlldred--"Honor"
Roscius (Roskus)--"Bear"
Rosie--"Bear"
Rosie--"That Will Be Fine"
Roskus (see Gibson)--"A Justice"
Ross, Frank--"Brooch"
Ross, Martha--"Brooch"
Rouncewell--T, "Go Down, Moses"
Rouncewell, Mrs.--KG, T^
Rouncewell, Whit--T
Roxanne--"Grandmother Millard"
Runner, the--Fab
Russell--LA
Russell, Ab--SF
Rust, Corinthia (Everbe)--"The Leg"
Rust, Jotham--"The Leg"
Rust, Simon--"The Leg"
Ryan--"Frankie and Johnny"
Saddie--"There Was a Queen"
Sam--H
Samson--Sar, As
Samson--T
Samson, Rachel--As
Sales, Mac--Py
Salmon--LA
Samuel--"^he Leg"
Sander, Aleck--JErrt, T_
Sander, Big Top--T
Sander, Guster--T
Sander, Little Top--T
Sarah--"That Will Be Fine"
407
Sartoris, Bayard (son of young Bayard)--Sar
Sartoris, Bayard (Col. John's brother)--Sar, Un
Sartoris, Bayard (old)— Sar, Un, H, RN, T_, "Rose for
Emily," "There Was a Queen," "Bear"
Sartoris, Bayard (young )--Sar, T, "Ad Astra," "There Was
a Queen"
Sartoris, Benbow--Sar, San, KG, "There Was a Queen"
Sartoris, Caroline White--Sar
Sartoris, Drusilla Hawk--Un
Sartoris, Col. John--Sar, SF, LA, AA, Un, Ii, RN, T^, "Barn
Burning," "Shall Not Perish," "Grandmother-Mlllard,"
"There Was a Queen"
Sartoris, John II--Sar, "There Was a Queen," "Bear"
Sartoris, John (Johnny)— Sar, "All the Dead Pilots,"
"There Was a Queen"
Sartoris, Lucy Cranston--Sar
Sartoris, Narcissa Benbow (Narcy )--Sar, San, T_, "There
Was a Queen"
Sartoris, Virginia (Aunt Jenny; see also "Dupre,
Virginia")--"All the Dead Pilots"
Saunders, Minnie--SP
Saunders, Robert, Sr.--SP
Saunders, Robert (Bob)--SP
Schluss--SP
Schofield, Dr.--"Tall Men"
Schultz, Reverend--"Uncle Willy"
Schultz, Sister--"Uncle Willy"
Secretary--"Uncle Willy"
Semmes--"Bear"
Shack--San
Shegog, Reverend--SF
Short, Herman--H
Shumann, Dr. Carl S.--Py
Shumann, Mrs. (see "Laverne")--Py
Shumann, Roger--Py
Si ckymo--"Bear"
Simmons--SF
Simms--LA
Simon (see Strothers, Simon)--Un, "There Was a Queen"
Simon--"Race at Morning"
Simpson--"The Liar"
Skipworth--Int
Smith, Midshipman R. Boyce (Ronnie)--"Turnabout"
Smith, Lt.--Fab
Smith, Miss— KG
Smith, Mrs.--Sar
Smitty--Py
; Snopes--As, ’ ’Shingles for the Lord"
Snopes, Ab--Un, H, T_, "Barn Burning," "Grandmother
Millard71”
Snopes, Admiral Dewey--T
Bilbo--T
Byron--Sar, T
Clarence Eggleston — San, T_, "By the People"
Colonel Sartoris--"Barn Burning"
Eckrum (Eck)--H,
Eula Varner--H, T_
Flem---Sar, As, H, T
Fonzo--San
I
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Snopes
Sol--Sar
0.--SF, H, T
Isaac--H
Launcelot--_H
Lennie--"Barn Burning"
Linda--T
Mink--H, T
Montgomery V/ard--Sar, T
Mrs.--H,
P4rs. Eckrum--T
Mrs. I. 0.--T_
Net--"Barn Burning"
Saint Elmo--H
Vardaman- -T_
Virgil--San, T
Vynie--H
Wallstreer-~H, T
Sometime Wakeup--"A Justice”
Spoade--SF
Spllner--*!
Spintrius--"Bear"
Spoomer--"All the Dead Pilots"
Spratling--"Out of Nazareth," "Episode"
Stamper, Pat--H
Starnes, Joe--7rThe Liar"
Starnes, Mrs.--"The Liar"
Starnes, Mrs. Will--"Hair"
Starnes, Sophie--"Hair"
Starnes, Will--"Hair"
Stevens, Bucky--RN
Stevens, Lemuel TCaptain)--KG, T, "Ruse for Emily"
Stevens, Gavin--LA, Int, KG, RN, T, "Go Down, Moses,
"Tall Men," '’Hair," 7TBy the People"
Stevens, Gowan--San, RN, T_
Stevens, Temple Drake [see also "Drake”)--RN
409
Steinbauer, Virginia (Jenny)--Mos
Stephan--Fab
Stokes--"A Justice"
Stone --T
Stovall--"That Evening Sun"
Straud, Dr.--Sar
Stribling, Henry (Hawkshaw)--"Hair"
Strother, Caspey--Sar
Strother, Euphrony--Sar
Strother, Joby--Sar
Strother, Louvlnia--Sar
Strother, Slmon--Sar
Studenmare, Capt.— u A Courtship"
Sue--Sar
Suratt ("see also "Ratliff" )--Sar, As
Sutpen--SFAp
Sutpen, Col. Thomas--RN
Sutpen, Ellen Coldfield--AA
Sutpen, Eulalia Bon--AA
Sutpen, Henry--AA
Sutpen, Judith--AA_
Sutpen, Thomas (Colonel)--Un, AA, RN, "Bear"
Sutterfield, Rev. Tobe ("Tooleyman )--Fab
Sylvester's John--"A Courtship"
Talliaferro, Ernest (Tarver)--Mos
Tennie (see also "Beauchamp, Tennle")--"Was,"
Terrel, Bill--KG
Thelma--Mos
Theodule--Fab
Tim--"The Liar"
Thisbe, Aunt--"The Fire and the Hearth"
Thomasina (Tomey, Tomy)--"Bear"
Thomp son--SF
Thompson, Pappy--LA
Thompson, Roz--LA
Thorndyke - -T_
Thorpe--Fab_
Three Basket--"Red Leaves"
Tobe--SP
Tobe--Sar
'Toinette--"All the Dead Pilots"
Tom--T
Tom'-^The Fire and the Hearth"
Tomey, Aunt--"The Fire and the Hearth," "The Bear"
Tomey's Turl--"Was," "The Fire and the Hearth," "Delta
Autumn"
410
Tommy--San
Tony the Wop--"Home"
Tooleyman ("Sutterfield, Tobe")--Fab
T. P. (see "Gibson")--SFAp, SF, "That Evening Sun"
Trumbull--JS, TF
Tubbs--Irrfc, RN
Tubbs, Mrs.--Int, RN
Tucker--"That Will Be Fine"
Tucker, Mrs.--"That Will Be Fine"
Tull, Cora--As, H, T^
Tull, Eula--As
Tull, Kate--As
Tull, Vernon--As, H, San, T_, "Shingles, " "Two Soldiers"
Turpin, Buck--SF
Van--San
Van Dyming--"Fox Hunt"
Van Dyming, Carleton--"Black Music"
Van Dyming, Mrs. Carlton--"Black Music"
Varner, Jody--As, LA, H, T
Varner, Will (Uncle BillyT— As, LA, H, Int, KG, T, "By the
People," "Shingles,"
Varner, Mrs.--H, T^
Vatch, "Mt. Victory"
Venturis, Juan--"The Rosary"
Vernon--"Death Drag"
Vernon--SF
Vidal, Francois--"Mountain Victory"
Vines, Deacon--LA
Vinson, Mrs.--"Miss Zllphia Gant"
Vitelli, Popeye (see also "Popeye")--RN
Wagner, Hall--Sar
Waldrip--WPOM
Waldrip--"Honor"
Walker, Ed--San
Walker, Mrs. Ed.--San
Walkley--"Victory" *
Waller, Hamp--LA
Waller, Mrs.--LA
Walter— Mos
Walter--Mos
Walthall, Parson--SF
Wardle, Mrs.--SP
Warren, Captain--KG, "Death Drag"
Watts--"Turnabout7 1 1
Watts--Sar
Watts, Mr.--"That Will Be Fine"
411
Weddel, Francis (Vidal )--"Lo, " ''Mountain Victory”
Weddel, Grenier--T
Weddel, Major Saucier--”Mountain Victory"
West, David--Mos
West, Doctor--KG
West, Miss--"Honor"
White--"Honor”
White, Hank--SP
White, Jed--Un
Whiteley--"Thrift"
Whiteby--"Victory"
Whitfield--As, H, KG, "Shingles"
Widdrington--"Black Music"
Widdrington, Mrs.— "Carcassonne," "Black Music"
Widdrington--T
Wllbourne, Dr.--WPOM
Wilbourne, Henry (Harry ) - -WPOM
Wildermark— T
Wilkie--SF
Wilkins, George--"The Fire and the Hearth"
Wilkins, Mrs.--Un
Wilkins, Nathalie Beauchamp--"The Fire and the Hearth"
Wilkins, Professor--Un ■
Willard--SP
Willow, Colonel--AA
Wilmoth--"Go Down, Moses"
Wi1son, Sgt.--Fab
Winbush, Grover Cleveland--T
Winterbottom--LA, H
Winterbottom, Mrs.--Sar
Wiseman, Mrs. Eva Kauffman--Mos
Witt--Fab
Workitt, Uncle Sudley--Int
Workman--KG
Worsham, Doctor--Un
Worsham, Hamp--"Go Down, Moses"
Worsham, Miss Belle--"Go Down, Moses"
Worsham, Samuel--"Go Down, Moses"
Worthington, Mrs.--SB
Wright--SF
Wutherspoon, Jamie--"Turnabout"
Wyatt--"A Rose for Emily"
Wyatt, Dr.--T
Wyatt, George--Un
Wyatt, Henry--"Delta Autumn"
Wyatt, Sally--Sar
Wyatt, Sophia--Sar
Wyatt, Vaiden--T
Wylie, Ash fold)--"Bear Hunt"
Wylie, Ash (old Man Ash)--"Bear Hunt"
Wylie, Job--"Uncle Willy"
Zilich, Mrs. Sophie--"Penn. Station"
Zsettlani--Pab
LIST OP WORKS CONSULTED
LIST OP WORKS CONSULTED
Allen, Walter. "Mr. Faulkner's Humanity'1 (rev. of
Intruder in the Dust), The New Statesman and Nation,
38': 428-429, October 15, 1949-
Altiery, Mrs. Mason. "An Encyclopedia of Characters in
the Novels of William Faulkner." Unpublished
master's thesis. University of Hawaii, 1955-
Beach, Joseph Warren. American Fiction, 1920-1940. New
York, 1948.
Bendt, Stephen Vincent. "Flem Snopes and His Kin" (rev.
of The Hamlet), Saturday Review of Literature,
April 6", 1940, p. 7.
Boyle, Kay. "Tattered Banners" (rev. of The Unvanquished)
The New Republic, 94:136-137, March 99 1938.
Brooks, Cleanth. Understanding Fiction. New York, 1943-
Butterworth, John Raymond. "A Psychological Considera
tion of the Abnormal Characters in the Novels of
William Faulkner." Unpublished master's thesis.
University of Southern California, 1937-
Campbell, Harry Modean and Ruel E. Foster. Faulkner, A
Critical Appraisal. Norman, Oklahoma, 1951*
Coughlan, Robert. "The Private World of V/llliam Faulkner,
Prize Articles 1954, ed. Llewellyn Miller. New York,
1954.
Cowley, Malcolm. "William Faulkner's Human Comedy," New
York Times Book Review, October 29, 1944, p. 4.
________. "William Faulkner's Legend of the South," A_
Southern Vanguard, ed. Allen Tate. New York, 1947.
________. ed. Writers at Work. New York, 1958.
Faulkner, William. Absalom, Absalom! New York, 1958.
________. A Fable. New York, 1954.
415
Faulkner, William. As I Lay Dying. New York, 1946.
_______ . Big Woods. Neitf York, 1955*
"By the Peoole," Mademoiselle, 4l:86-89i 130-
139.
________. Collected Short Stories of William Faulkner.
New York, 1950.
_______ . Go Down Moses. New York, 1955*
_______ . Idyll In the Desert. New York, 1931-
________. Intruder In the Dust. New York, 1948.
_______ . Knight's Gambit. New York, 1949.
________. Light in August. New York, 1932.
_______ . Miss Zilphia Gant. Dallas, 1932.
_______ . Mosquitoes. New York, 1927-
_______ . New Orleans Sketches, ed. Carvel Collins. New
Brunswick, 1957-
_______ . Pylon. New York, 1935*
_______ . Requiem for a Nun. New York, 1951-
_______ . Sanctuary. New York, 1931*
_______ . Sartoris. New York, 1929*
_______ . Soldier's Pay. New York, 1926.
_______ . The Hamlet. New York, 1940.
_______ . The Portable Faulkner, ed. Malcolm Cowley, with
an introduction by the editor. New York, 1954.
_______ . The Sound and the Fury. New York, 1929-
_______ . The Town. New York, 1957*
_______ . The Unvanquished. New York, 1938.
4l6
Faulkner, William. The Wild Palms. New York, 1939.*
______. "Thrift," Saturday Evening Post, 203:16-17, 76,
82, September 6, 1930.
Fiedler, Leslie A. "William Faulkner: An American
Dickens," Commentary, 10:384-387, October, 1950.
Frohock, W. M. The Novel of Violence in America. New
York, 1950.
Fuller, Edmund. Man in Modern Fiction. New York, 1958.
Geismar, Maxwell. American Moderns, From Rebellion to
Conformity. New York, 1958.
________ . Writers in Crisis. Boston, 1942.
Glicksberg, Charles I. "William Faulkner and the Negro
Problem," Pylon, 10:153-160, Second Quarter, 1949-
Hartwick, Harry. The Foreground of American Fiction.
New York, lQS1^
Hicks, Granville. . "The Past and Future of William
Faulkner," The Bookman, 74:17-24, September 1931*
Hoffman, Frederick J., Olga W. Vickery, ed. William
Faulkner: Two Decades of Criticism. East Lansing,
Michigan, 1954.
Howe, Irving. William Faulkner, a Critical Study. New
York, 1952.
Kohler, Dayton. "William Faulkner and the Social
Consciousness," College English, 11:119-127,
December 1949*
Lewis, Wyndham. Men Without Art. London, 1933-
28includes The Old Man. These two novels were first
published together with alternating chapters.
417
Maclachlan, John M. "William Faulkner and the Southern
Folk," Southern Folklore Quarterly, 9:153-157,
June 19^53
Malin, Irving. William Faulkner, an Interpretation.
Stanford, California, 1957*
Meriwether, James B. "The Town, by William Faulkner,"
Saturday Review (April 27, 1957) , 12-13-
________. "William Faulkner: A Check List," The Princeton
University Chronicle, 18:137-156, Spring, 1957-
O'Connor, William Van. The Tangled Fire of William
Faulkner. Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1954.
Poirier, William R. "Strange Gods in Mississippi," in
Frederick J. Hoffman and Olga Vickery, eds.,
William Faulkner: Two Decades of Criticism (East
Lansing, 1954), pp. 217-243-
Rubin, Louis D. Jr., Robert D. Jacobs, eds. Southern
Renascence, The Literature of the Modern South.
Baltimore, Maryland, 1954.
Thompson, Alan Reynold. "The Cult of Cruelty," The Book
man, 74:477-487, January-February 1932.
"Sanctuary" (rev. of Sanctuary), The Bookman,
73:188-189, April 1931-
Vickery, Olga. "The Sound and the Fury, a Study in
Perspective," P.M.L.A., 69:1017-1037, December 1954.
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Asset Metadata
Creator
Kirk, Robert Warner
(author)
Core Title
An Index And Encyclopedia Of The Characters In The Fictional Works Of William Faulkner
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy
Degree Program
English
Publisher
University of Southern California
(original),
University of Southern California. Libraries
(digital)
Tag
Literature, Modern,OAI-PMH Harvest
Language
English
Contributor
Digitized by ProQuest
(provenance)
Advisor
McElderry, Bruce R. (
committee chair
), Templeman, William D. (
committee member
), Vincent, Melvin J. (
committee member
)
Permanent Link (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.25549/usctheses-c18-56877
Unique identifier
UC11357973
Identifier
5905021.pdf (filename),usctheses-c18-56877 (legacy record id)
Legacy Identifier
5905021.pdf
Dmrecord
56877
Document Type
Dissertation
Rights
Kirk, Robert Warner
Type
texts
Source
University of Southern California
(contributing entity),
University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses
(collection)
Access Conditions
The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the au...
Repository Name
University of Southern California Digital Library
Repository Location
USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
Tags
Literature, Modern