Home
Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Lev Davidovich Bronshtein), 1879-1940.
To link to this object, paste this link in email, IM or document
To embed this object, paste this HTML in website
Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Lev Davidovich Bronshtein), 1879-1940.
small (250x250 max)
medium (500x500 max)
large ( > 500x500)
Full Resolution
|
|
Description
| Title (English with transliteration) | Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Lev Davidovich Bronshtein), 1879-1940. |
| Title (Cyrillic) | Лев Давидович Троцкий (Лeв Давидович Бронштéйн), 1879-1940. |
| Biography (English) | Leon Davidovich Trotsky (or Trotskii; pseudonym of Lev Davidovich Bronshtein), 1879-1940. Major revolutionary leader. Born 7.XI.1879 in Iankova, Russian Empire. Died 20.VIII.1940 in Mexico City. |
| Chronology (English) | Age 17 went to school in Nikolaev where he became interested in socialism and joined a study group where he met his future wife, Aleksandra Sokolovskaia, with whom he organized the South Russia Workers’ Union; 1891 police halted their Union efforts, sending Bronshtein to prison in Odessa and a subsequent four years in Siberia. Bronstein escaped from Siberia with a fake passport in the name of one of his Odessa jailers, Trotsky; 1902 Trotsky arrived in London, the home of many socialist leaders, to continue his political efforts. There, he was assigned to embark on a fundraising trip for the newspaper Iskra, during which he met his second wife, Natalia Sedov; 1903 took part in the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party in London; February 1905 returned to Russia after a massive workers’ strike in St. Petersburg. Trotsky contributed to Bolshevik and Menshevik papers until fleeing from police to Finland; October 1905 returned to Russia and joined the Petersburg Soviet of Workers’ Deputies, in which he took a major organizational role; December 1905 the Petersburg Soviet was forcibly disbanded by the police and its leaders arrested. Trotsky was jailed in the Peter-Paul Fortress, and in 1906 Trotsky and other Petersburg Soviet leaders were tried and sentenced to life imprisonment;1906 wrote Results and Prospects, which details his theory of “permanent revolution”; 1907 Trotsky escaped on the way to Siberia, fleeing again to Finland; 1907-1909 wrote 1905, which was first published as part of Our Revolution in 1907 and translated into German in 1909. The full, revised edition was published in Russian in 1922; 1914 broke relations with Mensheviks due to their increasing nationalism at the outbreak of World War I; September 1915 met with other anti-war socialists, including Lenin, at the Zimmerwald Conference in Switzerland. Trotsky drafted a manifesto for the group;; March 1915 deported from France to Spain for anti-war activities; December 1916 deported from France to the United States; January 1917 arrives in New York, where he contributed to Russian and Yiddish Socialist newspapers; February 1917 revolution overthrows Tsar Nicholas II, and Trotsky decides to return to Russia; May 1917 Trotsky arrives in Petrograd; he joins the Bolshevik faction following Lenin’s return to Russia in April; July 1917 Trotsky arrested by the Provisional Government after a workers’ armed demonstration; September 1917 Trotsky elected president of the Petrograd Soviet; October 24, 1917 Trotsky and the Bolsheviks led the Soviet revolution; March 1918 negotiations led by Trotsky, serving as People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs, result in the peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, despite much opposition; 1918-1921 Trotsky organizes and leads a Red Army of five million to counter the Tsarist “White” army and foreign intervention in Russia during the civil war; 1919 Trotsky presents the founding manifesto of the Third International, or Communist International, in Moscow; Trotsky proposed a “united front” of international Communist solidarity in order to spread revolutionary ideas among workers; 1920 Trotsky opposes the “war communist” tactic of confiscating grain from peasants; other Bolshevik leaders disagree with Trotsky’s idea for positive incentives. Peasant rebellions ensue; 1921 the White Army is defeated, but not without huge damage to the country; the Bolsheviks ban all other political parties; 1921 at the Tenth Party Congress Lenin announces the New Economic Policy (NEP), which ended grain confiscation and allowed a partially free market; 1922 Stalin elected general secretary at the Eleventh Party Congress; 1923 Trotsky published Literature and Revolution; 1923 Trotsky decided not to release the dying Lenin’s political testament at the Twelfth Party Congress. Stalin was able to appoint his allies to key positions |
| References | book: "Leon Trotsky." Historic World Leaders. Gale Research, 1994. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2009. http://galenet.galegroup.com.libproxy.usc.edu/servlet/BioRC |
| Subject (personal name) |
Trotsky, Leon Davodovich, 1879-1940 Trotskii, Leon Davodovich, 1879-1940 |
| Subject (personal name (Cyrillic)) | Трoцкий, Лев Давидович, 1879-1940 |
| Subject (naf personal name) | Trotsky, Leon, 1879-1940 |
| Geographic subject (country) | Russia |
| Coverage date | circa 1879/1940 |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Legacy record ID | satjrnl-m142 |
| Part of collection | Russian Satirical Journals Collection |
| Part of subcollection | People Collection |
| Type | images |
| Rights | Public Domain. Distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is attributed to IMRC, University of Southern California and source in the manner specified by the publisher. |
| Access conditions | To consult material in print, contact IMRC, POB 4353, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-4353; telephone (213) 740-2735, fax (213) 740-8550 or email imrc@usc.edu. |
| Repository name | Institute of Modern Russian Culture, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | IMRC, POB 4353, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-4353; telephone (213) 740-2735 |
| Repository email | imrc@usc.edu |
| Archival file | Volume29/7.url |
Comments
Post a Comment for Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Lev Davidovich Bronshtein), 1879-1940.
you wish to report:
Your comment:
Your Name:
|
|
...
