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Introduction
Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer defines any cancer that impacts individuals age 15 to 39 at the time of diagnosis. According to the National Cancer Institute, an estimated 70,000 AYA individuals are diagnosed with cancer each year in the United States, which accounts for 5 percent of the total proportion of cancers diagnosed ("Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs) with Cancer", 2018). AYA years are a challenging phase in life when young individuals explore self-identity, develop important social relationships beyond the family of origin, and prepare for the workforce (Dagnostino, Penney, & Zebrack, 2011). A diagnosis of cancer and the following intensive treatment at this distinct stage of life can lead to socioeconomic burden that differs from forms experienced by children or older adults following a cancer diagnosis, and which may negatively affect quality of life (Landwehr, Watson, Macpherson, Novak, & Johnson, 2016).
Scholarly recognition of the distinct health care needs and social and financial concerns of AYA survivors (Guy, et al., 2014) has grown in recent years. Investigators have been drawn to young adult cancer survivors due to large prospective cohorts like the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) (Gibson, et al., 2018). Research questions regarding etiological features of AYA cancer, clinical challenges experienced during diagnosis and treatment of AYA cancers, and the comorbid conditions and late effects of cancer treatment experienced by AYA survivors (Kaul, Fluchel, Spraker-Perlman, Parmeter, & Kirchhoff, 2016) have been proposed. Yet researchers who wish to study these important topics are immediately challenged with limited data resources available to study AYA cancers compared to those for cancers of childhood or later adulthood.
A particularly noteworthy need for AYA cancer research is population-based cohort data. Numerous large cohorts of older adults, pregnant women, and children have been carried out in the U.S., Asia and Europe for decades. These resources provide data of great value to understanding origins of cancer in these age groups, as well as disease outcomes, and the
Object Description
| Title | A comparison of three different sources of data in assessing the adolescent and young adults cancer survivors |
| Author | Chen, Irene Jiayao |
| Author email | jiayaoch@usc.edu;jiayaoch@usc.edu |
| Degree | Master of Science |
| Document type | Thesis |
| Degree program | Applied Biostatistics and Epidemiology |
| School | Keck School of Medicine |
| Date defended/completed | 2020-08-07 |
| Date submitted | 2020-08-07 |
| Date approved | 2020-08-08 |
| Restricted until | 2020-08-08 |
| Date published | 2020-08-08 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Cortessis, Victoria |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Miller, Kimberly Farias, Albert |
| Abstract | Relatively limited data resources are available to study Adolescent and Young Adults (AYA) cancers. We created an AYA cancer survivor cohort by identifying survivors (N=1,142) who were 15 to 39 years of age at the time of their first cancer diagnosis, excluding diagnoses of nonmelanoma skin cancers. We characterized the occurrence of incident cancers in the CDC WONDER, prevalent cancers in the Cancer Today and AYA MEPS according to the absolute number and relative frequency of primary cancers diagnosed at ages 15-39 years of age. We compared the distribution of demographic features and cancer types between the three data resources concerning relative frequency. We found an enormous distortion of the sex ratio of survivors, with female cancer survivors overrepresented. Among females diagnosed in the AYA age range, there was a clear overrepresentation of reproductive cancers, such as cervical, ovarian, and corpus uterus. The numerous limitations of MEPS AYA cohort data, lack of representativeness, inaccuracies in the diagnostic data, and readily anticipated based on methodology, emphasize the need for a nationally representative data resource of AYA cancers. |
| Keyword | adolescent and young adult cancers; diagnostic data; limitations |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Chen, Irene Jiayao |
| Physical access | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-ChenIreneJ-8901.pdf |
| Archival file | Volume13/etd-ChenIreneJ-8901.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 6 |
| Full text | 1 Introduction Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer defines any cancer that impacts individuals age 15 to 39 at the time of diagnosis. According to the National Cancer Institute, an estimated 70,000 AYA individuals are diagnosed with cancer each year in the United States, which accounts for 5 percent of the total proportion of cancers diagnosed ("Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs) with Cancer", 2018). AYA years are a challenging phase in life when young individuals explore self-identity, develop important social relationships beyond the family of origin, and prepare for the workforce (Dagnostino, Penney, & Zebrack, 2011). A diagnosis of cancer and the following intensive treatment at this distinct stage of life can lead to socioeconomic burden that differs from forms experienced by children or older adults following a cancer diagnosis, and which may negatively affect quality of life (Landwehr, Watson, Macpherson, Novak, & Johnson, 2016). Scholarly recognition of the distinct health care needs and social and financial concerns of AYA survivors (Guy, et al., 2014) has grown in recent years. Investigators have been drawn to young adult cancer survivors due to large prospective cohorts like the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) (Gibson, et al., 2018). Research questions regarding etiological features of AYA cancer, clinical challenges experienced during diagnosis and treatment of AYA cancers, and the comorbid conditions and late effects of cancer treatment experienced by AYA survivors (Kaul, Fluchel, Spraker-Perlman, Parmeter, & Kirchhoff, 2016) have been proposed. Yet researchers who wish to study these important topics are immediately challenged with limited data resources available to study AYA cancers compared to those for cancers of childhood or later adulthood. A particularly noteworthy need for AYA cancer research is population-based cohort data. Numerous large cohorts of older adults, pregnant women, and children have been carried out in the U.S., Asia and Europe for decades. These resources provide data of great value to understanding origins of cancer in these age groups, as well as disease outcomes, and the |
