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SUBVERTING STATE VIOLENCE 36
resistance to the attempted dehumanization and erase of culture by the hegemonic class as
counter-stance and reactionary. She argues that challenging structural ruling conventions
acquiesces to and reaffirms the oppressed/oppressor paradigm because the reactions are limited
and dependent on the hegemony the people are reacting against (Anzaldúa, 1987). Although the
resistance refutes cultural domination, Anzaldua states that engaging in that constant process is,
“no way of life” (Anzaldua, 1987, p.100). She advocates that to develop new consciousness, one
must relinquish themselves of the binary oppressor/oppressed paradigm and adopt a worldview
that is tolerant of contradictions and ambiguity; one that views from below, above, and around
societal constraints without feeling pressure to explicitly categorize oneself through the dominant
culture’s eyes, thus resisting double consciousness. In an effort to achieve this new
consciousness, the first step must be to take inventory and acknowledge what baggage and
responsibility one has inherited from their ancestors (Anzaldúa, 1987). This necessitates an
honest and thorough look at history and a willingness to be vulnerable in the process of
deconstructing oneself and one’s culture. Anzaldúa (1987) reinforces the two forms (steps) of
critical consciousness and critical action theorized by Freire and describes the inward struggle
that must occur before the change in society:
The struggle is inner: Chicano, indio, American Indian, mojado, mexicano, immigrant
Latino, Anglo in power, working class Anglo, Black, Asian - our psyches resemble the
bordertowns and are populated by the same people. The struggle has always been inner,
and is played out in the outer terrains. Awareness of our situation must come before inner
changes, which in turn come before changes in society. Nothing happens in the "real"
world unless it first happens in the images in our heads (p.109).
Object Description
| Title | Subverting state violence through the art of hood politics: an exploratory study of Black and Latinx students' critical consciousness and political efficacy |
| Author | Rodgers, Kenneth W., Jr. |
| Author email | kwrodger@usc.edu;kenneth.rodgersjr@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Education |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Educational Leadership |
| School | Rossier School of Education |
| Date defended/completed | 2020-06-25 |
| Date submitted | 2020-08-07 |
| Date approved | 2020-08-08 |
| Restricted until | 2020-08-08 |
| Date published | 2020-08-08 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Davis, Charles H.F., III |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Hancock Alfaro, Ange-Marie Green, Alan |
| Abstract | This qualitative study examines the experiences of Black and Latinx youth, the relationship between their critical consciousness development and political efficacy, and their continual subversion of state violence. The academic literature has predominately focused on critical consciousness solely as theorized by Freire and is often interpreted through neoliberal entities and paradigms, thereby minimizing its socialist, anti-colonial, anti-capitalist theoretical origin. The literature has also gauged political efficacy primarily through traditional metrics of civic engagement and voting that do not traditionally account for varying displays of organizing, activism, intentional non-voting, and other forms of resistance. The study investigated systems of power that converge to shape formal and informal educational experiences of the participants and capture the ways that they developed their critical consciousness and political attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. As a result of 8 in-depth interviews and analyses of Black and Latinx youth (ages 17-19), snapshots emerged that allowed participants to foreground their experiences and construct meaning making of their worldviews. The findings of the study reveal the complex nature of critical consciousness development for Black and Latinx youth and serve as a model for utilizing critical consciousness and political efficacy as essential frameworks for future study and analyses. The findings add to the limited literature on the experiences of Black and Latinx youth concerning the system of education and its relation to critical consciousness development, political identity formation, and political efficacy. This study aimed to amplify the voices of Black and Latinx youth in a manner that acknowledges their humanity and agency. |
| Keyword | politics; political; political efficacy; efficacy; resistance; protest; hood; subvert; subverting; subversion; resist; state violence; state; Black; Latinx; socialist; anti-capitalist; anti-Blackness; communism; Marxism; decolonial; decolonization; critical consciousness; racism; white supremacy; gender; patriarchy; religion; anti-colonial; anti-capitalist; Freire, Paulo Freire; Frantz Fanon; Fred Moten; Karl Marx; Saidiya Hartman; education; schools; youth; exploratory; intersectionality; Crenshaw; Kimberle Crenshaw; Collins; James Baldwin; Gloria Anzaldua; whiteness; civics; civic engagement; neoliberalism; democracy; social justice; domination; power; gender; curriculum; walk-out; sit-in; paradigm intersectionality; BlackCrit; critical race theory, Henry Giroux; Kendrick Lamar; Wardell Milam |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Rodgers, Kenneth W., Jr. |
| Physical access | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-RodgersKen-8903.pdf |
| Archival file | Volume13/etd-RodgersKen-8903.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 47 |
| Full text | SUBVERTING STATE VIOLENCE 36 resistance to the attempted dehumanization and erase of culture by the hegemonic class as counter-stance and reactionary. She argues that challenging structural ruling conventions acquiesces to and reaffirms the oppressed/oppressor paradigm because the reactions are limited and dependent on the hegemony the people are reacting against (Anzaldúa, 1987). Although the resistance refutes cultural domination, Anzaldua states that engaging in that constant process is, “no way of life” (Anzaldua, 1987, p.100). She advocates that to develop new consciousness, one must relinquish themselves of the binary oppressor/oppressed paradigm and adopt a worldview that is tolerant of contradictions and ambiguity; one that views from below, above, and around societal constraints without feeling pressure to explicitly categorize oneself through the dominant culture’s eyes, thus resisting double consciousness. In an effort to achieve this new consciousness, the first step must be to take inventory and acknowledge what baggage and responsibility one has inherited from their ancestors (Anzaldúa, 1987). This necessitates an honest and thorough look at history and a willingness to be vulnerable in the process of deconstructing oneself and one’s culture. Anzaldúa (1987) reinforces the two forms (steps) of critical consciousness and critical action theorized by Freire and describes the inward struggle that must occur before the change in society: The struggle is inner: Chicano, indio, American Indian, mojado, mexicano, immigrant Latino, Anglo in power, working class Anglo, Black, Asian - our psyches resemble the bordertowns and are populated by the same people. The struggle has always been inner, and is played out in the outer terrains. Awareness of our situation must come before inner changes, which in turn come before changes in society. Nothing happens in the "real" world unless it first happens in the images in our heads (p.109). |
