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SUBVERTING STATE VIOLENCE 33
characterization of Fanon, who engaged heavily with Marxist theory. Both Fanon and Marx
considered revolution as the inevitable outcome of the capitalist system (Forsythe, 1973).
Fanon’s studies included those of Marx, Engles, Lenin, Mao, and Trotsky (Cherki, 2006).
However, Fanon’s utilization of Marxist theory was infused with an analysis and inclusion of
race struggle and anti-blackness as observed through his work as a psychotherapist and his lived
experience as a French West Inidan Black enduring racial subjugation (Forsythe, 1973).
Karl Marx
Marxist theory, developed by Karl Marx, advocates for the self-emancipation of the
proletariat (working class) against the oppression and domination of the bourgeoisie (ruling
class) through revolutionary means and the dismantling of the capitalist state (Comninel, 2019).
Marx categorized this class struggle as inevitable and through an analysis of historical and
dialectical materialism, alienation argues for an economic, social and political dictatorship of the
proletariat between the eradication of capitalism and the establishment of communism (Casey,
2016; Marx & McLellan, 2000). Marx also warned against false consciousness, in which the
proletariat idealistically aligns with the bourgeoisie out of desire for power and wealth (Casey,
2016). There are various interpretations and iterations of Marxism and post-Marxist ideologies
that have been both theorized and practiced since his death by revolutionary leaders of countries,
activists, academics, philosophers, etc. Critical consciousness theory is one of many theories that
evolved out of these interpretations.
Robinson (2000) classified traditional Marxism as a Western construct based on
European society and customs and authored a collection of radical interpretations called Black
Marxism, which draws heavily on the work of Fanon and other revolutionaries of the African
diaspora. Postcolonial theory also channels Fanon in order to escape the limits of imperialism by
Object Description
| Title | Subverting state violence through the art of hood politics: an exploratory study of Black and Latinx students' critical consciousness and political efficacy |
| Author | Rodgers, Kenneth W., Jr. |
| Author email | kwrodger@usc.edu;kenneth.rodgersjr@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Education |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Educational Leadership |
| School | Rossier School of Education |
| Date defended/completed | 2020-06-25 |
| Date submitted | 2020-08-07 |
| Date approved | 2020-08-08 |
| Restricted until | 2020-08-08 |
| Date published | 2020-08-08 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Davis, Charles H.F., III |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Hancock Alfaro, Ange-Marie Green, Alan |
| Abstract | This qualitative study examines the experiences of Black and Latinx youth, the relationship between their critical consciousness development and political efficacy, and their continual subversion of state violence. The academic literature has predominately focused on critical consciousness solely as theorized by Freire and is often interpreted through neoliberal entities and paradigms, thereby minimizing its socialist, anti-colonial, anti-capitalist theoretical origin. The literature has also gauged political efficacy primarily through traditional metrics of civic engagement and voting that do not traditionally account for varying displays of organizing, activism, intentional non-voting, and other forms of resistance. The study investigated systems of power that converge to shape formal and informal educational experiences of the participants and capture the ways that they developed their critical consciousness and political attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. As a result of 8 in-depth interviews and analyses of Black and Latinx youth (ages 17-19), snapshots emerged that allowed participants to foreground their experiences and construct meaning making of their worldviews. The findings of the study reveal the complex nature of critical consciousness development for Black and Latinx youth and serve as a model for utilizing critical consciousness and political efficacy as essential frameworks for future study and analyses. The findings add to the limited literature on the experiences of Black and Latinx youth concerning the system of education and its relation to critical consciousness development, political identity formation, and political efficacy. This study aimed to amplify the voices of Black and Latinx youth in a manner that acknowledges their humanity and agency. |
| Keyword | politics; political; political efficacy; efficacy; resistance; protest; hood; subvert; subverting; subversion; resist; state violence; state; Black; Latinx; socialist; anti-capitalist; anti-Blackness; communism; Marxism; decolonial; decolonization; critical consciousness; racism; white supremacy; gender; patriarchy; religion; anti-colonial; anti-capitalist; Freire, Paulo Freire; Frantz Fanon; Fred Moten; Karl Marx; Saidiya Hartman; education; schools; youth; exploratory; intersectionality; Crenshaw; Kimberle Crenshaw; Collins; James Baldwin; Gloria Anzaldua; whiteness; civics; civic engagement; neoliberalism; democracy; social justice; domination; power; gender; curriculum; walk-out; sit-in; paradigm intersectionality; BlackCrit; critical race theory, Henry Giroux; Kendrick Lamar; Wardell Milam |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Rodgers, Kenneth W., Jr. |
| Physical access | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-RodgersKen-8903.pdf |
| Archival file | Volume13/etd-RodgersKen-8903.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 44 |
| Full text | SUBVERTING STATE VIOLENCE 33 characterization of Fanon, who engaged heavily with Marxist theory. Both Fanon and Marx considered revolution as the inevitable outcome of the capitalist system (Forsythe, 1973). Fanon’s studies included those of Marx, Engles, Lenin, Mao, and Trotsky (Cherki, 2006). However, Fanon’s utilization of Marxist theory was infused with an analysis and inclusion of race struggle and anti-blackness as observed through his work as a psychotherapist and his lived experience as a French West Inidan Black enduring racial subjugation (Forsythe, 1973). Karl Marx Marxist theory, developed by Karl Marx, advocates for the self-emancipation of the proletariat (working class) against the oppression and domination of the bourgeoisie (ruling class) through revolutionary means and the dismantling of the capitalist state (Comninel, 2019). Marx categorized this class struggle as inevitable and through an analysis of historical and dialectical materialism, alienation argues for an economic, social and political dictatorship of the proletariat between the eradication of capitalism and the establishment of communism (Casey, 2016; Marx & McLellan, 2000). Marx also warned against false consciousness, in which the proletariat idealistically aligns with the bourgeoisie out of desire for power and wealth (Casey, 2016). There are various interpretations and iterations of Marxism and post-Marxist ideologies that have been both theorized and practiced since his death by revolutionary leaders of countries, activists, academics, philosophers, etc. Critical consciousness theory is one of many theories that evolved out of these interpretations. Robinson (2000) classified traditional Marxism as a Western construct based on European society and customs and authored a collection of radical interpretations called Black Marxism, which draws heavily on the work of Fanon and other revolutionaries of the African diaspora. Postcolonial theory also channels Fanon in order to escape the limits of imperialism by |
