Patrick Murphy, one of Nation's foremost cops, brokenhearted by the brutality, 1991-04-07 |
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SUNDAY, APRIL 7, 1991 MJ: AL STEPHENSON I for lhe Times Jefferson Morley is the political correspondent for Spin magazine. He spoke with Patrick Murphy at the former police chtef s office in Washington . Patrick ' . ' Murphy . One of Nation's Foremost Cops !Brokenhearted by the Brutality By Jefferson Morley WASHINGTON P atrick V. Murphy, former police commissioner of New York City, combines the geniality of Irish cop walking the beat ; with the erudition of professional bureaucrat maneuvering his way through crisis. In one breath, he speaks proudly of four generations of his family who have served in police departments. In the next, he acknowledges that as recently as 25 years ago, many police chiefs were racist reactionaries. There are few law-enforcement professionals as respected as Murphy. Last week, he was named as an adviser to Mayor Tom Bradley's commission studying the Rodney G. King incident. Murphy grew up in New York, earning a BA from St. John's University. After serving as a Navy pilot during World War II, he became a New York City cop. He rose to the position of deputy inspector. In 1962, he was named the police chief in Syracuse, N . Y., the first in a rapid succession of top law-enforcement posts. He was the public-safety director in Washington in 1967-68. He served in the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration-where he first met Warren Christopher, the lawyer who heads Bradley's commission. He became police chief in Detroit, then returned Lo take the lop job in New York. Police departments in crisis is not a new subject to Murphy. His tenure as public-safety director in Washington included the widespread rioting that followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968. When he was chief in New York, the Knllpp Commission was documenting pervasive corruption in the depllrtrnent by day, while a terrorist group, the Black Liberation Army was gunning down cops by night. In 1973, Murphy retired from active-duty police work, but remained deeply inrnlved in law enforcement. He became president of the Police Foundation, a po s ition he held through 1985. Since then, he has worked as a consultant to the U.S. Conference of Mayors in Washington. Murphy, 70, has eight grown children. He is married and lives In Bethesda, Md . ) . ·· ~ 'When the officer starts thinL~g of ~~, ,. himself as the thin blue line wfu has , ..•. il bring people to justice bccau~ho one .· ·, i ~ , · . . : ~ - . . i· f 19' .\ft:ere's llot e~ough proper political • :.:.. ~ 9vers1ght of police departments · l, else will, that is trouble.' ~: i· . . '" . ' , ': , ~-J>ecau:5C 1nayors and elected officials · h: ~ 1~~n,'tkno'Y ~ow complex thej~~ ~/. ' .. · n ucstlon: Is it a help to a local ~police department, especial-ly one under criticism, to have people who aren't from Los ~\ng:-les, such as yourself, coming m m the midst of a political controversy? How' can this be help/ ul to police officers? Answer: I won't have a vote. I'm kind of a technician.· I just assume the commission will look at !the LAPDJ structure and be calling on me for information about how do other departments do this, · how do other departments make policy about the use of force. How do they do it in Detroit? How do they do it in New York? Policing in the United Stales is a great mystery. We have 15",000 independent, isolated, fragmented depar_Lments. Q: What if somebody said . "Chief, you may think that's what you're going to do, but this commission is really a vehicle for gelling 1id of !Daryl Jt'. J Gates. 'l'hut' s its mu in purpose?" Whut would you say to that? A: I don't sec it that way. My view of it is to be offered an opportunity to contribute to something better in the future. Chief Gates is G1 years old-if he ·stays another year or two, Chief Gates will still go. What can be • done to make policing even better in Los Angeles in the years ahead? That's rny view. ..• .. . : 1 Q: What's your impression of the strong-chief setup? Where does that come from? A: It's very nice, and every police chief would like to have life tenure, I guess. I would have liked to have had that power~and he has great power. I acknowledge there must be civilian oversight of a police department. Otherwise, · you could see things like what {J. Edgar} Hoover did with the FBI. Hoover was too powerful. It was never written down, but in effect he had life tenure and he stayed until he was 77 or something. There's not enough proper political oversight of police departments-simply because mayors and elected officials don't know how CO{Tlplex the job is. The citizen walking down the street thinks he could do a police officer's job in a minute, and most people think they could do the chief's job better. It's not like that. It's very complex work because you're dealing with human behavior. Q: What, in your e.xperience, generates police brutality incidents? Not talking about a1iy individual case, but in departments where there 11as been a problem or as many complaints as there has been in L.A.? A: {In} any large police department, there will be outlaws. No matter how carefully you screen and train and supervise, there will be an individual off the reservation, and you've got to catch them and prosecute them. What's so shocking about {the King incident} is that so many officers were involved .... I'm a firm believer in accountability .... In no uncertain terms I would say "I will not tolerate brutality. I'll hold you accountable." If you're smart, you'll hold the people under you accountable right down the line, because "I'll chop your head off as fast as I'll look at you." .... Q: What's your impression of liow Clitef Gates luu done so far, as far as disciplinary action? A: I kept watching to see tr people above the level or sergeant would be held accountable. Q: That hasn't happened. A: Well, I haven't seen that yet, and that's why I'm surprised. My bias would be to make a decision about that, and send a message. . . Q: In this case, though, does the life tenure of the chief encourage accountability? If he's not afraid for his job, then maybe there is less of a· need to hold other people accountable in a way that would make the department look bad. A: I, frankly, tlon't know the answer to that .... I'm d great admirer of the Los Angeles Police! Department. I wrote a book in which i:said the best policemen in the country were in Los Angeles. That's why I'm so brokenhearted about this; I can hardly believe it .... Q: Will the police be better for the King incident? i · A: Well, I think it revea_ls something. Look, if it shocked me, what must it do to the public? I've been around a long time, and I've dealt with all kinds of brutality and corruption, and I am shocked by that. I can't believe that 20 cops would stand around like that, and a sergeant. That's the ultimate. It just surprised me that a bright chief couldn't control that better. I was so shocked. 1. I· Q: Can goo~ come out of it? A: Well, like any abuse that comes out of the closets, once it's exposed to the ' light of day, then some reforms will be instituted, or the problem will be watched more. 1 · Q: There was an ad in the paper, taken out by the police department, mentioning all the police officers who had been killed. \Vlrnt' s your rcuction? A: I didn't sec the au. I certainly agree that the number of officers killed and shot is often igTiored. We don't think about the terrible price police officers pay. I would hope the ad also condemned what was shown on the videotape, because not one of us can · claim to be a professional police officer without condemning that. So if they're calling attention to the other side of the problem, in all fairness, I would hope they condemned that. Q: There was a published report that arrests fa L.A. are down. Nobody could say definitely whether this was related. But do you think just the furor discourages police officers from doing their job? A: So it's a terrible experience that they're going through, and they have my sympathy, every one of them. The leaders have an even tougher at>sig11mc11t to support them, encourage them: "You know If you're a good cop, and 98% of you arc, and something went crazy there. But we're protecting these people. Let's go out and do our jobs and try and put it in per5l)ective. There will be better days ahead. This will be behind us one day." To try lO give them that kind of support and encouragement. .And, of course, they cannot tole~ale any kind of a mutiny within the department. There must be discipline, direction, and that's what, at every level, the top- and middle-management supervisors, must do. Q: What about the numerous brutality complaints tn Los Angeles? A: I know they've had many. Unfortunately, we don't have good statistics to compare. And we get complaints of excessive force every day. What many people don't understand is that police have the right to use force. It's their duty to use force. Q: To a wt of people the King case says this vindicates the view that there ts a pattern, a practice of brutality. Does this · case vindicate that vtew? A: That problem could not exist in any major police department .... Q: Ktng wouldn't have had a prayer if that video camera hadn't been on. Nobody would have believed his story. Nothing would have happened. A: .... That may be true. Q: What if incidents .like lite King incident are necessary for cops to do their jub lo maintuin public orcler? ·A: They're not necessary. It's ncccs- . sary to use as much force as required to • control the subject. Once the handcuffs are on, fine. Not one more blow after that. With that many officers on the scene?· There is no excuse for that. No excuse. Q: In a situation where the officers may feel order is breaking down-maybe a di/ f erent level of police response is required just to maintain their own safety. A: They have every right to protect themselves ... . They have every right to use 10 cops to subdue one guy, because that's our job .... But when the officer starts thinking of himself as the thin blue line who has to bring people to justice because no one else will, that is trouble. This fellow needs counseling. (l: Is more cops an answer? A. Well, they have a very low ratio of· police officers !in Los Angeles! .... But this city, Washington, has twice as many police officers, and it has the highest. murder rate in the country. Q: Is more black officers the answer? A: Our police departments should be· representative, no question about that:: The police should be of thEt people, for ·the : people. . . . · Q. What about some of the larger issues that are going to af feet the police officers? · Do you think gun control can help toward the police brutality problen;t? A: Yes, very much. It is such a sad · commentary on this society that thousands and thousands of police officers . have to put bulletproof vests on every day. Unlike the soldier in combat who's taken off the line for R&R, we have police· officers pulling bulletproof vests on every day for 20 years . . . . . That affects the way you think. "Why am I having to put this uncomfortable thing on and perspire? Because there arc guns out there. Because cops arc getting shot. And because if I work in a certain precinct and it's Friday or Saturday night, I am going to respond to eight calls with a gun." ... When they roll up on these calls and they say, '.'Freeze! · Throw your hands up!" and (the suspect! keeps walking, you're thinking, 'Tm in· the funeral parlor." ... Q: Is there a risk of wider ci!Jil disorders following this? I'm thinking of Miami, where higl1ly publicized police brutality ca!ieR were followccl uy widespread rioting. A: There's no question about the fact that that incident gives a little platform to some of the people who like to attempt to radicalize communities. I read Al Sharpton was ... [inJ L.A. Good luck .... But obviously it's ammunition for peo- . ple who want to incite communities. I don't know where it goes. I hope to God it'. doesn't mean anything like disorder, be- . cause 1 had to deal with one riot, and 1 never want to wish that on any other police chief. But things are difrerent from 25 years ago. However, Miami had one. Q: What if you saw Ktng? What would you say to him now? A: Well, I'd tell him I'm sorry about what happened to him-and yet when the police pursue you, it's always better to immediately respond. That's a human. being in that car, and maybe that officer . who's pursuing you took a dead baby out of a crash last week, killed by a drunken driver. I le'll astmme maybe you're a drunken driver. Why press that officer by not pulling right over? When you gel out of the car, be under control. Don't horse around, because they're human, again. They can get a little out of control. None· of this is to justify what happened, but it. explains, maybe, why the situation can begin to get a little out of control in the . first place. O
Object Description
Title | Commission meetings (3 of 6), 1992-02-01 - 1991-05-06 |
Description | Commission meetings (3 of 6), 1992 February 1 - 1991 May 6. PART OF A SERIES: Materials in the series fall into one of several categories related to the Independent Commission's work product: (1) Commission meeting materials, which include meeting agendas, work plans, memoranda, and articles about police misconduct that were circulated and reviewed during the Commission's internal meetings; (2) public correspondence, which includes citizen complaints against the LAPD in the form of written testimony, articles, and an audio cassette tape, as well as letters drafted by citizens in support of the LAPD; (3) summaries of interviews held with LAPD officers regarding Departmental procedures and relations; (4) public meeting materials, which include transcripts, supplementary documents, and witness statements that were reviewed at the Commission's public meetings; (5) press releases related to the formation and work product of the Commission; and (6) miscellaneous materials reviewed by the Commission during its study, including LAPD personnel and training manuals, a memorandum of understanding, and messages from the LAPD's Mobile Digital Terminal (MDT) system. |
Coverage date | 1991-05; 1991-05-02; 1991-05-03; 1991-05-06; 1991-05-07; 1991-05-08 |
Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California |
Date created | 1991-02-01; 1991-05; 1991-05-02; 1991-05-03; 1991-05-06 |
Date issued | 1991; 1984-06; 1986-08; 1988-11; 1990-01; 1990-10-29; 1991-04-03; 1991-04-07; 1991-05-05 |
Type |
texts images |
Format | 171 p. |
Format (aat) |
administrative regulations biographies (documents) clippings (information artifacts) correspondence forms (documents) lists (document genres) memorandums newsletters presentations (communicative events) schedules (time plans) |
Format (imt) | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
Part of collection | Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department, 1991 |
Series | Independent Commission file list |
File | Commission meetings |
Box and folder | box 22, folder 6 |
Provenance | The collection was given to the University of Southern California on July 31, 1991. |
Rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Manuscripts Librarian. Permission for publication is given on behalf of Special Collections as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained. |
Physical access | Contact: Special Collections, Doheny Memorial Library, Libraries, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0189; specol@dots.usc.edu |
Repository name | USC Libraries Special Collections |
Repository address | Doheny Memorial Library, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0189 |
Repository email | specol@dots.usc.edu |
Filename | indep-box22-06 |
Description
Title | Patrick Murphy, one of Nation's foremost cops, brokenhearted by the brutality, 1991-04-07 |
Description | Jefferson Morley. "Patrick Murphy, one of Nation's foremost cops, brokenhearted by the brutality", in New York Times (1991 April 7): M3- ?. |
Creator | Morley, Jefferson |
Publisher (of the original version) | New York Times |
Place of publication (of the original version) | New York, New York, USA |
Date issued | 1991-04-07 |
Type |
texts images |
Format | 3 p. |
Format (aat) | clippings (information artifacts) |
Format (imt) | application/pdf |
Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
Series | Independent Commission file list |
File | Commission meetings |
Box and folder | box 22, folder 6, item 3 |
Physical access | Contact: Special Collections, Doheny Memorial Library, Libraries, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0189; specol@dots.usc.edu |
Full text | SUNDAY, APRIL 7, 1991 MJ: AL STEPHENSON I for lhe Times Jefferson Morley is the political correspondent for Spin magazine. He spoke with Patrick Murphy at the former police chtef s office in Washington . Patrick ' . ' Murphy . One of Nation's Foremost Cops !Brokenhearted by the Brutality By Jefferson Morley WASHINGTON P atrick V. Murphy, former police commissioner of New York City, combines the geniality of Irish cop walking the beat ; with the erudition of professional bureaucrat maneuvering his way through crisis. In one breath, he speaks proudly of four generations of his family who have served in police departments. In the next, he acknowledges that as recently as 25 years ago, many police chiefs were racist reactionaries. There are few law-enforcement professionals as respected as Murphy. Last week, he was named as an adviser to Mayor Tom Bradley's commission studying the Rodney G. King incident. Murphy grew up in New York, earning a BA from St. John's University. After serving as a Navy pilot during World War II, he became a New York City cop. He rose to the position of deputy inspector. In 1962, he was named the police chief in Syracuse, N . Y., the first in a rapid succession of top law-enforcement posts. He was the public-safety director in Washington in 1967-68. He served in the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration-where he first met Warren Christopher, the lawyer who heads Bradley's commission. He became police chief in Detroit, then returned Lo take the lop job in New York. Police departments in crisis is not a new subject to Murphy. His tenure as public-safety director in Washington included the widespread rioting that followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968. When he was chief in New York, the Knllpp Commission was documenting pervasive corruption in the depllrtrnent by day, while a terrorist group, the Black Liberation Army was gunning down cops by night. In 1973, Murphy retired from active-duty police work, but remained deeply inrnlved in law enforcement. He became president of the Police Foundation, a po s ition he held through 1985. Since then, he has worked as a consultant to the U.S. Conference of Mayors in Washington. Murphy, 70, has eight grown children. He is married and lives In Bethesda, Md . ) . ·· ~ 'When the officer starts thinL~g of ~~, ,. himself as the thin blue line wfu has , ..•. il bring people to justice bccau~ho one .· ·, i ~ , · . . : ~ - . . i· f 19' .\ft:ere's llot e~ough proper political • :.:.. ~ 9vers1ght of police departments · l, else will, that is trouble.' ~: i· . . '" . ' , ': , ~-J>ecau:5C 1nayors and elected officials · h: ~ 1~~n,'tkno'Y ~ow complex thej~~ ~/. ' .. · n ucstlon: Is it a help to a local ~police department, especial-ly one under criticism, to have people who aren't from Los ~\ng:-les, such as yourself, coming m m the midst of a political controversy? How' can this be help/ ul to police officers? Answer: I won't have a vote. I'm kind of a technician.· I just assume the commission will look at !the LAPDJ structure and be calling on me for information about how do other departments do this, · how do other departments make policy about the use of force. How do they do it in Detroit? How do they do it in New York? Policing in the United Stales is a great mystery. We have 15",000 independent, isolated, fragmented depar_Lments. Q: What if somebody said . "Chief, you may think that's what you're going to do, but this commission is really a vehicle for gelling 1id of !Daryl Jt'. J Gates. 'l'hut' s its mu in purpose?" Whut would you say to that? A: I don't sec it that way. My view of it is to be offered an opportunity to contribute to something better in the future. Chief Gates is G1 years old-if he ·stays another year or two, Chief Gates will still go. What can be • done to make policing even better in Los Angeles in the years ahead? That's rny view. ..• .. . : 1 Q: What's your impression of the strong-chief setup? Where does that come from? A: It's very nice, and every police chief would like to have life tenure, I guess. I would have liked to have had that power~and he has great power. I acknowledge there must be civilian oversight of a police department. Otherwise, · you could see things like what {J. Edgar} Hoover did with the FBI. Hoover was too powerful. It was never written down, but in effect he had life tenure and he stayed until he was 77 or something. There's not enough proper political oversight of police departments-simply because mayors and elected officials don't know how CO{Tlplex the job is. The citizen walking down the street thinks he could do a police officer's job in a minute, and most people think they could do the chief's job better. It's not like that. It's very complex work because you're dealing with human behavior. Q: What, in your e.xperience, generates police brutality incidents? Not talking about a1iy individual case, but in departments where there 11as been a problem or as many complaints as there has been in L.A.? A: {In} any large police department, there will be outlaws. No matter how carefully you screen and train and supervise, there will be an individual off the reservation, and you've got to catch them and prosecute them. What's so shocking about {the King incident} is that so many officers were involved .... I'm a firm believer in accountability .... In no uncertain terms I would say "I will not tolerate brutality. I'll hold you accountable." If you're smart, you'll hold the people under you accountable right down the line, because "I'll chop your head off as fast as I'll look at you." .... Q: What's your impression of liow Clitef Gates luu done so far, as far as disciplinary action? A: I kept watching to see tr people above the level or sergeant would be held accountable. Q: That hasn't happened. A: Well, I haven't seen that yet, and that's why I'm surprised. My bias would be to make a decision about that, and send a message. . . Q: In this case, though, does the life tenure of the chief encourage accountability? If he's not afraid for his job, then maybe there is less of a· need to hold other people accountable in a way that would make the department look bad. A: I, frankly, tlon't know the answer to that .... I'm d great admirer of the Los Angeles Police! Department. I wrote a book in which i:said the best policemen in the country were in Los Angeles. That's why I'm so brokenhearted about this; I can hardly believe it .... Q: Will the police be better for the King incident? i · A: Well, I think it revea_ls something. Look, if it shocked me, what must it do to the public? I've been around a long time, and I've dealt with all kinds of brutality and corruption, and I am shocked by that. I can't believe that 20 cops would stand around like that, and a sergeant. That's the ultimate. It just surprised me that a bright chief couldn't control that better. I was so shocked. 1. I· Q: Can goo~ come out of it? A: Well, like any abuse that comes out of the closets, once it's exposed to the ' light of day, then some reforms will be instituted, or the problem will be watched more. 1 · Q: There was an ad in the paper, taken out by the police department, mentioning all the police officers who had been killed. \Vlrnt' s your rcuction? A: I didn't sec the au. I certainly agree that the number of officers killed and shot is often igTiored. We don't think about the terrible price police officers pay. I would hope the ad also condemned what was shown on the videotape, because not one of us can · claim to be a professional police officer without condemning that. So if they're calling attention to the other side of the problem, in all fairness, I would hope they condemned that. Q: There was a published report that arrests fa L.A. are down. Nobody could say definitely whether this was related. But do you think just the furor discourages police officers from doing their job? A: So it's a terrible experience that they're going through, and they have my sympathy, every one of them. The leaders have an even tougher at>sig11mc11t to support them, encourage them: "You know If you're a good cop, and 98% of you arc, and something went crazy there. But we're protecting these people. Let's go out and do our jobs and try and put it in per5l)ective. There will be better days ahead. This will be behind us one day." To try lO give them that kind of support and encouragement. .And, of course, they cannot tole~ale any kind of a mutiny within the department. There must be discipline, direction, and that's what, at every level, the top- and middle-management supervisors, must do. Q: What about the numerous brutality complaints tn Los Angeles? A: I know they've had many. Unfortunately, we don't have good statistics to compare. And we get complaints of excessive force every day. What many people don't understand is that police have the right to use force. It's their duty to use force. Q: To a wt of people the King case says this vindicates the view that there ts a pattern, a practice of brutality. Does this · case vindicate that vtew? A: That problem could not exist in any major police department .... Q: Ktng wouldn't have had a prayer if that video camera hadn't been on. Nobody would have believed his story. Nothing would have happened. A: .... That may be true. Q: What if incidents .like lite King incident are necessary for cops to do their jub lo maintuin public orcler? ·A: They're not necessary. It's ncccs- . sary to use as much force as required to • control the subject. Once the handcuffs are on, fine. Not one more blow after that. With that many officers on the scene?· There is no excuse for that. No excuse. Q: In a situation where the officers may feel order is breaking down-maybe a di/ f erent level of police response is required just to maintain their own safety. A: They have every right to protect themselves ... . They have every right to use 10 cops to subdue one guy, because that's our job .... But when the officer starts thinking of himself as the thin blue line who has to bring people to justice because no one else will, that is trouble. This fellow needs counseling. (l: Is more cops an answer? A. Well, they have a very low ratio of· police officers !in Los Angeles! .... But this city, Washington, has twice as many police officers, and it has the highest. murder rate in the country. Q: Is more black officers the answer? A: Our police departments should be· representative, no question about that:: The police should be of thEt people, for ·the : people. . . . · Q. What about some of the larger issues that are going to af feet the police officers? · Do you think gun control can help toward the police brutality problen;t? A: Yes, very much. It is such a sad · commentary on this society that thousands and thousands of police officers . have to put bulletproof vests on every day. Unlike the soldier in combat who's taken off the line for R&R, we have police· officers pulling bulletproof vests on every day for 20 years . . . . . That affects the way you think. "Why am I having to put this uncomfortable thing on and perspire? Because there arc guns out there. Because cops arc getting shot. And because if I work in a certain precinct and it's Friday or Saturday night, I am going to respond to eight calls with a gun." ... When they roll up on these calls and they say, '.'Freeze! · Throw your hands up!" and (the suspect! keeps walking, you're thinking, 'Tm in· the funeral parlor." ... Q: Is there a risk of wider ci!Jil disorders following this? I'm thinking of Miami, where higl1ly publicized police brutality ca!ieR were followccl uy widespread rioting. A: There's no question about the fact that that incident gives a little platform to some of the people who like to attempt to radicalize communities. I read Al Sharpton was ... [inJ L.A. Good luck .... But obviously it's ammunition for peo- . ple who want to incite communities. I don't know where it goes. I hope to God it'. doesn't mean anything like disorder, be- . cause 1 had to deal with one riot, and 1 never want to wish that on any other police chief. But things are difrerent from 25 years ago. However, Miami had one. Q: What if you saw Ktng? What would you say to him now? A: Well, I'd tell him I'm sorry about what happened to him-and yet when the police pursue you, it's always better to immediately respond. That's a human. being in that car, and maybe that officer . who's pursuing you took a dead baby out of a crash last week, killed by a drunken driver. I le'll astmme maybe you're a drunken driver. Why press that officer by not pulling right over? When you gel out of the car, be under control. Don't horse around, because they're human, again. They can get a little out of control. None· of this is to justify what happened, but it. explains, maybe, why the situation can begin to get a little out of control in the . first place. O |
Filename | indep-box22-06-03.pdf |
Archival file | Volume70/indep-box22-06-03.pdf |