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II. CONFRONTATION
"The Physical decadence of the native populations in Angola and
Mozambique is obvious to any observer. The evils causing this
decadence are consequences of the course of political and administrative action during the past years." Henrique Galvao, Report
on Native Problems in the Portuguese Colonies, 1947.
The idealogy of Portuguese colonialism was mostly a conscious invention
of the Portuquese qovernment to hide the reality of their practices.
There have probably always been a small number of people in the government who
to a greater or lesser extent believed in the moral purpose of their work.
However the best proof of the over-all hypocrisy of those in power is the fate
of those few Portuguese in positions of authority who believed sufficiently
deeply in this idealogy to measure the reality against it and to try to close
the enormous gap which such an examination was bound to reveal. Probably the
best known of these is Henrique Galvao, former Colonial Officer, whose exploit
with the Santa Maria received lavish press coverage. His opposition to Salazar
began long before this and whatever the real motives behind it were, it took
the form of an attack on the abuses of Salazarism. In the 1940's as Inspector
General in Angola he saw the discrepancies between the theory and the practice of
the Portuguese role in Africa, and shocked the Portuguese parliament by presenting them with a report of the situation in Angola and demanding reform. The
result of his efforts was not reform. The government - under pressure from
Diamang - did all it could to hush up the report and he himself was imprisoned
on the pretext of corruption, a fairly transparent manoeuvre to silence hin.
The man who tried to take similar action over the abuses in Mozambique was
Monsignor Sebastiao, Resende Bishop of Beira until 1967. He tried sincerely
to believe both in Catholic justice and in the Portuguese theory of multi-
racialism but could see that actual practice in Mozambique was a travesty of
both. Like Galvao he began openly to expose the truth and to press for reform.
He used his pastoral letters, the most known of which are "ordem anti-communista"
"Mocambique na hora presente", to criticise the government, exposing particularly
Object Description
| Title | Nationalism and development in Mozambique by Eduardo Mondlane, [ca. Feb.1968] |
| Description | A paper presented to the University of California Project "Brazil-Portuguese Africa", February 27 & 28, 1968. Contents: I - Ideology and reality - Introduction (p.1); Political unity and administrative differentiation (p. 4); Economic solidarity (p. 6); Spiritual assimilation (p.10); II - Confrontation - Introduction (p.1); The paper reforms (p. 3); Cultural resistances (p. 8); From resistance to war (p.12); Teresinha Mbala (p.13); III - Liberation and after - Introduction (p. 1); The Armed Struggle (p. 1); A new social structure (p. 6). |
| Subject (lcsh) |
Nationalism -- Mozambique Self-determination, National Mozambique -- History Portugal -- Politics and government -- 1933-1974 |
| Geographic Subject (Country) | Mozambique |
| Geographic Subject (Continent) | Africa |
| Geographic Coordinates | -18.6696821,35.5273356 |
| Coverage date | 1500/1968 |
| Creator | Mondlane, Eduardo C.. |
| Publisher (of the Digital Version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Date created | ca. 1968 |
| Type | texts |
| Format | 45 p. |
| Format (aat) | essays |
| Language | English |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Part of collection | Emerging Nationalism in Portuguese Africa, 1959-1965 |
| Part of subcollection | Mozambique Collection |
| Rights | The University of Southern California has licensed the rights to this material from the Aluka initiative of Ithaka Harbors, Inc., a non-profit Delaware corporation whose address is 151 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10021 |
| Physical access | Original archive is at the Boeckmann Center for Iberian and Latin American Studies. Send requests to address or e-mail given. Phone (213) 821-2366; fax (213) 740-2343. |
| Repository Name | USC Libraries Special Collections |
| Repository Address | Doheny Memorial Library, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0189 |
| Repository Email | specol@usc.edu |
| Filename | CENPA-179 |
Description
| Title | CENPA-179~18 |
| Filename | CENPA-179~18.tiff |
| Full text | II. CONFRONTATION "The Physical decadence of the native populations in Angola and Mozambique is obvious to any observer. The evils causing this decadence are consequences of the course of political and administrative action during the past years." Henrique Galvao, Report on Native Problems in the Portuguese Colonies, 1947. The idealogy of Portuguese colonialism was mostly a conscious invention of the Portuquese qovernment to hide the reality of their practices. There have probably always been a small number of people in the government who to a greater or lesser extent believed in the moral purpose of their work. However the best proof of the over-all hypocrisy of those in power is the fate of those few Portuguese in positions of authority who believed sufficiently deeply in this idealogy to measure the reality against it and to try to close the enormous gap which such an examination was bound to reveal. Probably the best known of these is Henrique Galvao, former Colonial Officer, whose exploit with the Santa Maria received lavish press coverage. His opposition to Salazar began long before this and whatever the real motives behind it were, it took the form of an attack on the abuses of Salazarism. In the 1940's as Inspector General in Angola he saw the discrepancies between the theory and the practice of the Portuguese role in Africa, and shocked the Portuguese parliament by presenting them with a report of the situation in Angola and demanding reform. The result of his efforts was not reform. The government - under pressure from Diamang - did all it could to hush up the report and he himself was imprisoned on the pretext of corruption, a fairly transparent manoeuvre to silence hin. The man who tried to take similar action over the abuses in Mozambique was Monsignor Sebastiao, Resende Bishop of Beira until 1967. He tried sincerely to believe both in Catholic justice and in the Portuguese theory of multi- racialism but could see that actual practice in Mozambique was a travesty of both. Like Galvao he began openly to expose the truth and to press for reform. He used his pastoral letters, the most known of which are "ordem anti-communista" "Mocambique na hora presente", to criticise the government, exposing particularly |
| Archival file | Volume12/CENPA-179~18.tiff |
