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The Movement for Freedom in Mozambique - Page 19. Marques, thus earning a large amount of money when it would otherwise be difficult to con^te v/ith the neighbouring South African port of Durban. It was at least in part to assure a steady flow of Mozambique labour to South Africa that the Portuguese government felt compelled to reinforce its stated policy of forcing the African worker to seek employment in European enterprises or else be liable to imprisonment. The latest of these measures states, among others, that all males between the ages of eighteen and fifty-five were under obligation to take up contracts with economic enterprises in and outside of Mozambique, unless they could produce proof that: a) they were self-employed in a profession, commerce or industry earning a given amount of cash per annum; b) that they were permanently employed by the State or private employer; c) that they were gainfully engaged as labourers for at least six months out of the year by the State or private employer; d) that they had worked within the last six months in South African mines or the Rhodesias under the legal agreements mentioned above; or e) that they were farmers who fulfilled the terms of various native farming statutes aimed at encouraging the production of cash crops. Anyone who failed to satisfy these requirements must be arrested and forced to work in government projects, or be induced to sign a contract to work for a private employer. Under such circumstances the African worker has no alternative but to constantly seek employment either at home or abroad. Since in Mozambique it is impossible to give employment to most of the able-bodied men between the age limits specified by the law, the only open alternative for them is to offer' themselves for recruitment in the WLNA agencies scattered all over the country and take up employment as cheap labourers in South African or Rhodesian mines. The Movement for Independence in Mozambique When one adds these labour practices to the direct exploitation of the African worker in the production of cash earning crops, such as we described earlier in this paper, one may begin to understand some of the frustrations which are at the base of the movements for self-determination and independence in Portuguese colonies. On the other hand, it should also be obvious as to why Portugal is reluctant to even admit the right of self- determination for the African peoples under her colonial control. Consequently, Mozambicans have decided to take the most
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Title | CENPA-172b~20 |
Filename | CENPA-172b~20.tiff |
Full text | The Movement for Freedom in Mozambique - Page 19. Marques, thus earning a large amount of money when it would otherwise be difficult to con^te v/ith the neighbouring South African port of Durban. It was at least in part to assure a steady flow of Mozambique labour to South Africa that the Portuguese government felt compelled to reinforce its stated policy of forcing the African worker to seek employment in European enterprises or else be liable to imprisonment. The latest of these measures states, among others, that all males between the ages of eighteen and fifty-five were under obligation to take up contracts with economic enterprises in and outside of Mozambique, unless they could produce proof that: a) they were self-employed in a profession, commerce or industry earning a given amount of cash per annum; b) that they were permanently employed by the State or private employer; c) that they were gainfully engaged as labourers for at least six months out of the year by the State or private employer; d) that they had worked within the last six months in South African mines or the Rhodesias under the legal agreements mentioned above; or e) that they were farmers who fulfilled the terms of various native farming statutes aimed at encouraging the production of cash crops. Anyone who failed to satisfy these requirements must be arrested and forced to work in government projects, or be induced to sign a contract to work for a private employer. Under such circumstances the African worker has no alternative but to constantly seek employment either at home or abroad. Since in Mozambique it is impossible to give employment to most of the able-bodied men between the age limits specified by the law, the only open alternative for them is to offer' themselves for recruitment in the WLNA agencies scattered all over the country and take up employment as cheap labourers in South African or Rhodesian mines. The Movement for Independence in Mozambique When one adds these labour practices to the direct exploitation of the African worker in the production of cash earning crops, such as we described earlier in this paper, one may begin to understand some of the frustrations which are at the base of the movements for self-determination and independence in Portuguese colonies. On the other hand, it should also be obvious as to why Portugal is reluctant to even admit the right of self- determination for the African peoples under her colonial control. Consequently, Mozambicans have decided to take the most |
Archival file | Volume11/CENPA-172b~20.tiff |