THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONALISM IN MOZAMBIQUE - Page 9.
Lately we have received information indicating that in the
Centro associativo the President of the Executive Committee, Sr.
Filipe Tembe, has been arrested and is now in prison, apparently
for deviating from the official fascist line set by the Salazar
government.
The Rise of Political Parties
It was only after the second world war that political parties
began to emerge on the Mozambique horizon.  Since this v/as the case
in practically all of Africa, I need not try to explain why it was
so.  Most of these parties, however, developed outside of Mozambique,
in view of the fascist nature of Portuguese colonialism.  About the
only exception to this rule is the development of the Mozambique
student movement, Uniao Nacional dos Estudantes de Mopambique (UNEMO),
which right from its inception had a definite political concern.
This student movement began in Lourenpo Marques in 1949? when a group
of university students who were attending school in South Africa got
together all the African students who were in secondary schools in
that city and organised a group called Nucleo dos Estudantes de
Mopambique (Nucleus of Mozambican Students).  Even though this group
had been established within one of the African associations referred
to above, when the government began to sense its political inclinations, it pounced on its leaders, put them in prison and proceeded to
try to purge it of all political connotations.  I had just been thrown
out of South Africa by the Malan government at that time, and having
been one of the founders of Nucleo, I was also put in prison and
thoroughly investigated by the State Police (PIDE).
The present Mozambique Liberation Front (PRELIMO) arose out of
the merger of the three major political parties of Mozambique, which,
in June 1962, decided to join into one movement.  The three parties
were:  Uniao Nacional Democratica de Mopambique (UDENaMO), which was
first organised in Southern Rhodesia by Mozambicans working in that
country;  Mozambique iifrican National Union (MiiNU), organised by
those Mozambicans who had been working in East nfrica; and Uniao
Nacional Mopambicana de Independencia (UNAMI), first organised in
Malawi.
Since both the history and programme of the movement have been
dealt with by me in other publications, I need not repeat them here,
except to "underline the following facts:
1) FRELIMO is the only popular nationalist movement for the
liberation of Mozambique;
2) FRELIMO has one definite goal, the complete and unconditional liberation of our country with a view to developing
it politically, socially and economically for the benefit
of all the people of Mozambique as part of the total