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19
neutral Chinese ideographs placed in front of them while performing two different gestures
– the flexing of muscles achieved when one pushes up against the bottom of a table toward
body and the extending of muscles achieved when one pushes down against top of the table.
After factoring in participants’ views of the ideographs before the test, researchers
determined that participants preferred the ideographs viewed while flexing muscles toward
them to the ideographs viewed while extending their arms away from them.23 This research
suggested quite a bit: first, that both gestures altered participants’ views of neutral object;
second, that the two gestures’ effects were systematic; and third, that flexion consistently
created more positive feelings than extension. In another experiment, participants were
divided into two groups – one instructed to push a lever away from their bodies and the
second instructed to pull a lever toward their bodies. When presented with images that
typically provoke positive or negative responses, those in the group pushing the lever away
responded more quickly to negative images than positive ones, while participants in the
group pulling the lever toward them bodies responded more quickly to the positive images
than the negative images.24 Like the previous study, this study suggests that the body
associates a pulling gesture with the positive and a pushing gesture with the negative.
determining that designers’ and players’ understanding of intuitive was the same took lots
and lots of play-tests, as was true of these other projects as well.
23 JT Cacioppo, JR Priester, and GG Berntson, ‘Rudimentary Determinants of Attitudes
II: Arm Flexion and Extension have Differential Effects on Attitudes’ in Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology Vol. 65 (1993), No. 1, p. 5-17.
24 KL Duckworth, JA Bargh, M Garcia, and S Chaiken ‘The Automatic Evaluation of
Novel Stimuli’ in Psychological Science Vol. 13, No. 6 (November 2002) p. 513-519 cited
in PM Niedenthal, ‘Embodying Emotion’ in Science Vol. 316, (18 May 2007) p. 1002-
1005.
Object Description
| Title | Toward a theory of gesture design |
| Author | Tucker, Diane |
| Author email | diane.tucker@gmail.com; dmtucker@usc.edu |
| Degree | Master of Fine Arts |
| Document type | Thesis |
| Degree program | Interactive Media |
| School | School of Cinematic Arts |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-05-02 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2011-05-04 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Bolas, Mark |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Fullerton, Tracy Kratky, Andreas Malamed, Laird |
| Abstract | The enormous transformation in how humans engage with technologies – providing direct access through touch or gesture, without any mediating controller – has just reached mainstream computing, games and home theaters, with the recent releases of the Kinect and the WAVI Xtion. This change has opened up huge new opportunities for the design of games, interactive experiences and applications. This paper presents the evidence of the connection between the body and perceptions, emotions, and mental states; the powerful, extensive, and surprising ways those connections are manifest; and the unexpected and very potent role that metaphor plays. This paper then presents how that evidence points to a way of employing the emotional and cognitive armature attached to human movement as a means of developing emotionally compelling gestural game-play. |
| Keyword | game design; gesture; gestural vocabulary; gestural design; gesture design; user interface design; human computer interaction; human centered computing; emotion in games; design; metaphor |
| Coverage date | 1990/2011 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3891 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Tucker, Diane |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-tucker-4587 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume29/etd-tucker-4587.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 26 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 19 neutral Chinese ideographs placed in front of them while performing two different gestures – the flexing of muscles achieved when one pushes up against the bottom of a table toward body and the extending of muscles achieved when one pushes down against top of the table. After factoring in participants’ views of the ideographs before the test, researchers determined that participants preferred the ideographs viewed while flexing muscles toward them to the ideographs viewed while extending their arms away from them.23 This research suggested quite a bit: first, that both gestures altered participants’ views of neutral object; second, that the two gestures’ effects were systematic; and third, that flexion consistently created more positive feelings than extension. In another experiment, participants were divided into two groups – one instructed to push a lever away from their bodies and the second instructed to pull a lever toward their bodies. When presented with images that typically provoke positive or negative responses, those in the group pushing the lever away responded more quickly to negative images than positive ones, while participants in the group pulling the lever toward them bodies responded more quickly to the positive images than the negative images.24 Like the previous study, this study suggests that the body associates a pulling gesture with the positive and a pushing gesture with the negative. determining that designers’ and players’ understanding of intuitive was the same took lots and lots of play-tests, as was true of these other projects as well. 23 JT Cacioppo, JR Priester, and GG Berntson, ‘Rudimentary Determinants of Attitudes II: Arm Flexion and Extension have Differential Effects on Attitudes’ in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Vol. 65 (1993), No. 1, p. 5-17. 24 KL Duckworth, JA Bargh, M Garcia, and S Chaiken ‘The Automatic Evaluation of Novel Stimuli’ in Psychological Science Vol. 13, No. 6 (November 2002) p. 513-519 cited in PM Niedenthal, ‘Embodying Emotion’ in Science Vol. 316, (18 May 2007) p. 1002- 1005. |
