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44
Correlates by Overweight Status
As shown in Table 2-1, overweight youths obtained fewer hours of sleep per night
(P=0.002) than non-overweight youths. Additionally, those who were overweight were
more likely to be male (P<0.001), were younger (P<0.001), engaged in VPA more
frequently (P<0.001), reported better perceived health status (P<0.001), consumed
vegetables (P<0.001) and fruits (P=0.024) more frequently, consumed sweets (P<0.001),
snack (P<0.001), and fast food (P<0.001) less frequently, had higher parental levels of
education (P<0.001), and had higher parental levels of income (P=0.017) when compared
to those who were not overweight. After Bonferroni adjustment of the significance level
of P=0.005 for multiple comparisons, most of the significant associations remained. Only
findings for parental income and fruit intake became non-significant.
Multi-level Analyses
Table 2-2 presents the effects of the covariates on the odds of being overweight. In
comparison to youths who slept fewer than 7 hours per night, those who slept 7 - 7.99
hours per day, 8 - 8.99 hours per day, and 9 hours or more per night had a 23%, 27%, and
35% lower odds of being overweight, respectively (7-7.99 hours: 95% CI=0.63-0.92;
8-8.99 hours: 95% CI=0.63-0.84, 9 hours: 95% CI=0.52-0.82). Youths who spent more
time in sedentary activities were more likely to be overweight (OR=1.11, 95%
CI=1.04-1.17); high school students had a lower likelihood of being overweight than
middle school students (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.64-0.84). Some results were inconsistent
Object Description
| Title | The vicious cycle of inactivity, obesity, and metabolic health consequences in at-risk pediatric populations |
| Author | Hsu, Ya-Wen |
| Author email | ywxxbirdy@yahoo.com; yawenhsu@usc.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Preventive Medicine (Health Behavior) |
| School | Keck School of Medicine |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-09 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Chou, Chih-Ping Spruijt-Metz, Donna |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Unger, Jennifer B. Azen, Stanley Paul Palinkas, Lawrence A. |
| Abstract | PURPOSE: This dissertation examined the associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, overweight, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in at-risk pediatric populations in the United States and in China. Study 1 identified the independent influences of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and other weight-related correlates on overweight status in Chinese youth. Study 2 explored the influences of physical activity and sedentary behavior on MetS in US minority youth. Study 3 compared the longitudinal trends of physical activity and sedentary behavior between youth with and without MetS in a sample of US minority female youth.; METHODS: Participants were youth (ages 8-18 years) in the United States and in China. Study 1 used baseline data from of a longitudinal smoking prevention and health promotion study conducted in the 7 large cities in China for Chinese youth ages 11-18 years. Study 2 used baseline data from three related pediatric obesity studies that share a set of common methods and measures (US Latino and African American youth ages 8-18 years). Data for Study 3 are from a longitudinal, observation study for Latina and African American female youth ages 8-11 years at baseline.; RESULTS: In Study 1, Chinese youth were more likely to be overweight if they spent more time being sedentary, slept <7 hours/night, were male, were younger, participated more in vigorous physical activity, had higher levels of parental education, better self-perceived health status, a higher frequency of vegetable intake, and a lower frequency of sweet/fast food intake. In Study 2, lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (by accelerometry) and higher levels of sedentary behavior (by 3-day physical activity recall) are associated with increased the metabolic risk independent of each other and body composition. In Study 3, a significant decline in MVPA and an increase in sedentary behavior were observed over one year. Sedentary behavior as measured by accelerometry increased 23.42 minutes/per quarterly visit, adding up to 93.68 minutes/per year more in youth with MetS than in those without.; CONCLUSION: Overweight-related correlates seem to play different roles in the Chinese culture than in Western cultures. Findings from this dissertation support a vicious cycle of increasing inactivity, obesity, and metabolic complications. These findings, coupled with longitudinal evidence of the effects of activity levels on obesity and MetS, suggests that physical activity and sedentary behavior could function as antecedents as well as consequences of overweight or MetS in youth. |
| Keyword | Chinese youth; metabolic syndrome; minority youth; obesity; physical activity; sedentary behavior |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA; China |
| Coverage date | 1970/2010 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3779 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Hsu, Ya-Wen |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Hsu-4455 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Hsu-4455.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 55 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 44 Correlates by Overweight Status As shown in Table 2-1, overweight youths obtained fewer hours of sleep per night (P=0.002) than non-overweight youths. Additionally, those who were overweight were more likely to be male (P<0.001), were younger (P<0.001), engaged in VPA more frequently (P<0.001), reported better perceived health status (P<0.001), consumed vegetables (P<0.001) and fruits (P=0.024) more frequently, consumed sweets (P<0.001), snack (P<0.001), and fast food (P<0.001) less frequently, had higher parental levels of education (P<0.001), and had higher parental levels of income (P=0.017) when compared to those who were not overweight. After Bonferroni adjustment of the significance level of P=0.005 for multiple comparisons, most of the significant associations remained. Only findings for parental income and fruit intake became non-significant. Multi-level Analyses Table 2-2 presents the effects of the covariates on the odds of being overweight. In comparison to youths who slept fewer than 7 hours per night, those who slept 7 - 7.99 hours per day, 8 - 8.99 hours per day, and 9 hours or more per night had a 23%, 27%, and 35% lower odds of being overweight, respectively (7-7.99 hours: 95% CI=0.63-0.92; 8-8.99 hours: 95% CI=0.63-0.84, 9 hours: 95% CI=0.52-0.82). Youths who spent more time in sedentary activities were more likely to be overweight (OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.04-1.17); high school students had a lower likelihood of being overweight than middle school students (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.64-0.84). Some results were inconsistent |
