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121
Table 3.3 (Continued) Effect of Air Pollution on the Percent of Students at Least
Proficient in Mathematics – Grade-School and Year Effects
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Fully certified teachers (%) 0.065** 0.064** 0.066** 0.064** 0.065**
[0.008] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009]
Expenditure per student 0.019 0.006 0.025 -0.002 0.002
[0.029] [0.034] [0.030] [0.030] [0.030]
Non-native English speakers (%) -0.063** -0.063** -0.061** -0.061** -0.061**
[0.010] [0.010] [0.010] [0.010] [0.010]
School enrollment -0.003** -0.003** -0.003** -0.003** -0.003**
[0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001]
Observations 142320 130832 137600 135815 135571
R-squared 0.86 0.865 0.862 0.862 0.862
Standard errors in parentheses are clustered by school and robust to heteroskedasticity. ** significant at
1%; * significant at 5%; + significant at 10%.
In column (2), the coefficient on the percent of days where NO2 is above the
standard is negative and significant. If the percent of days decreased by one then the
percent of the grade that scored at least proficient would increase by 3.3. At first glance,
this seems like a large increase in performance for a small increase in pollution.
However, on average 0.003% of days are above the standard, so a 1% increase in the
days above the standard is a huge increase in pollution.
In column (3), the coefficient on O3 is negative and significant. A one percent
decrease in the days above the standard for O3 would increase the percent of the grade
that was proficient in mathematics by 0.09. The average percent of days above the
standard for O3 is 1.9. If this increased to 100%, then the percent of a grade scoring at
least proficient would decrease by 8.8 percentage points. The coefficient on the percent
121
Object Description
| Title | Essays on health and well-being |
| Author | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Author email | smith2@usc.edu; jackiesmith04@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Economics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-23 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Easterlin, Richard A. Ham, John C. |
| Advisor (committee member) | Melguizo, Tatiana |
| Abstract | This dissertation is comprised of three chapters that use microeconometric techniques to investigate the factors that affect people’s well-being. In the first two chapters, well-being is defined as life satisfaction or health satisfaction. The first chapter explores how the movement from socialism to capitalism affected the life satisfaction and health satisfaction of East Germans relative to West Germans after reunification. The second chapter examines whether women are happier, less happy, or equally happy as men in countries at various stages of development. The third chapter examines whether pollution affects the academic performance of school children; their academic performance and achievements will have important implications for their future well-being. |
| Keyword | happiness; well-being |
| Geographic subject | Germany |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010; 2002/2008 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3782 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zweig-4500 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Zweig-4500.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 130 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 121 Table 3.3 (Continued) Effect of Air Pollution on the Percent of Students at Least Proficient in Mathematics – Grade-School and Year Effects (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Fully certified teachers (%) 0.065** 0.064** 0.066** 0.064** 0.065** [0.008] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009] Expenditure per student 0.019 0.006 0.025 -0.002 0.002 [0.029] [0.034] [0.030] [0.030] [0.030] Non-native English speakers (%) -0.063** -0.063** -0.061** -0.061** -0.061** [0.010] [0.010] [0.010] [0.010] [0.010] School enrollment -0.003** -0.003** -0.003** -0.003** -0.003** [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] Observations 142320 130832 137600 135815 135571 R-squared 0.86 0.865 0.862 0.862 0.862 Standard errors in parentheses are clustered by school and robust to heteroskedasticity. ** significant at 1%; * significant at 5%; + significant at 10%. In column (2), the coefficient on the percent of days where NO2 is above the standard is negative and significant. If the percent of days decreased by one then the percent of the grade that scored at least proficient would increase by 3.3. At first glance, this seems like a large increase in performance for a small increase in pollution. However, on average 0.003% of days are above the standard, so a 1% increase in the days above the standard is a huge increase in pollution. In column (3), the coefficient on O3 is negative and significant. A one percent decrease in the days above the standard for O3 would increase the percent of the grade that was proficient in mathematics by 0.09. The average percent of days above the standard for O3 is 1.9. If this increased to 100%, then the percent of a grade scoring at least proficient would decrease by 8.8 percentage points. The coefficient on the percent 121 |
