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113
(California Department of Education, 2002-2008a). We first condition on average class
size, which is measured separately for grades 4 through 6 and kindergarten through 3rd
grade. We also control for the following variables at the school-year level: the percent of
students receiving free or reduced-price lunches; the educational make up of parents; the
percent of students who are native English speakers; the percent of teachers who are fully
certified; and total enrollment. We also control for annual expenditure per student at the
district level from the National Center for Education Statistics’ Common Core of Data
(2002-2008). Finally, we control for a number of business cycle variables: the
unemployment rate and taxable transactions at the county level (the lowest level of
geographical aggregation available). We adjust taxable transactions and expenditures per
student for inflation.
Identification comes from assuming that all the variation in pollution over time at
a specific school, after controlling for grade-school time changing characteristics,
, , and gst st ct X W Z, and year, t D , is uncorrelated with any remaining unobservables
driving school performance. We would argue that our rich set of fixed effects and control
variables renders our identifying assumptions on par with those made in the economic
studies discussed above. Finally, we make the standard GLS (heteroskedasticity)
adjustment of weighting observations by the respective square root of the number of
students in the grade-school-year observation. However, to allow for autocorrelation
over time and any other sources of heteroskedasticity, the standard errors are still
clustered at the school level.
113
Object Description
| Title | Essays on health and well-being |
| Author | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Author email | smith2@usc.edu; jackiesmith04@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Economics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-23 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Easterlin, Richard A. Ham, John C. |
| Advisor (committee member) | Melguizo, Tatiana |
| Abstract | This dissertation is comprised of three chapters that use microeconometric techniques to investigate the factors that affect people’s well-being. In the first two chapters, well-being is defined as life satisfaction or health satisfaction. The first chapter explores how the movement from socialism to capitalism affected the life satisfaction and health satisfaction of East Germans relative to West Germans after reunification. The second chapter examines whether women are happier, less happy, or equally happy as men in countries at various stages of development. The third chapter examines whether pollution affects the academic performance of school children; their academic performance and achievements will have important implications for their future well-being. |
| Keyword | happiness; well-being |
| Geographic subject | Germany |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010; 2002/2008 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3782 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zweig-4500 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Zweig-4500.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 122 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 113 (California Department of Education, 2002-2008a). We first condition on average class size, which is measured separately for grades 4 through 6 and kindergarten through 3rd grade. We also control for the following variables at the school-year level: the percent of students receiving free or reduced-price lunches; the educational make up of parents; the percent of students who are native English speakers; the percent of teachers who are fully certified; and total enrollment. We also control for annual expenditure per student at the district level from the National Center for Education Statistics’ Common Core of Data (2002-2008). Finally, we control for a number of business cycle variables: the unemployment rate and taxable transactions at the county level (the lowest level of geographical aggregation available). We adjust taxable transactions and expenditures per student for inflation. Identification comes from assuming that all the variation in pollution over time at a specific school, after controlling for grade-school time changing characteristics, , , and gst st ct X W Z, and year, t D , is uncorrelated with any remaining unobservables driving school performance. We would argue that our rich set of fixed effects and control variables renders our identifying assumptions on par with those made in the economic studies discussed above. Finally, we make the standard GLS (heteroskedasticity) adjustment of weighting observations by the respective square root of the number of students in the grade-school-year observation. However, to allow for autocorrelation over time and any other sources of heteroskedasticity, the standard errors are still clustered at the school level. 113 |
