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102
least proficient in mathematics would decrease by an average of 9.3 percentage points. If
the percent of days above the standard for PM10 increased to 100% from the mean of
11.71%, then the percent scoring at least proficient would decrease by 2.1. Increasing the
percent of days above the standard to 100% for PM10 and ozone would increase the
percent at least proficient in language arts by 1.9 and 16.6, respectively.
3.2 MECHANISMS BY WHICH POLLUTION COULD AFFECT ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
There are three mechanisms by which pollution could affect academic
performance: (i) school absenteeism due to illness caused by pollution; (ii) attention
problems in school due to illness caused by pollution; and (iii) fatigue when doing
homework due to illness caused by pollution.
3.2.1 EVIDENCE FROM THE ECONOMICS LITERATURE
Mechanisms (i)-(iii) rely on pollution having a negative effect on health, and then
health impacting students’ academic performance, and here we highlight some of the
economics articles investigating these mechanisms.15 Chay and Greenstone (2003ab)
examine the effect of air pollution on infant mortality rates in United States counties
between 1980 to 1982. Their initial identification strategy is based on assuming that
county fixed effects, state trends, year effects and socioeconomic controls are sufficient
to eliminate most spurious correlations between pollution and infant mortality. Their
15 There are several articles outside the economics literature that establish this link as well (see McConnell
et al., 2002, Gauderman et al., 2000, and McConnell et al., 2003); however, for brevity, we focus on the
economics papers.
102
Object Description
| Title | Essays on health and well-being |
| Author | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Author email | smith2@usc.edu; jackiesmith04@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Economics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-23 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Easterlin, Richard A. Ham, John C. |
| Advisor (committee member) | Melguizo, Tatiana |
| Abstract | This dissertation is comprised of three chapters that use microeconometric techniques to investigate the factors that affect people’s well-being. In the first two chapters, well-being is defined as life satisfaction or health satisfaction. The first chapter explores how the movement from socialism to capitalism affected the life satisfaction and health satisfaction of East Germans relative to West Germans after reunification. The second chapter examines whether women are happier, less happy, or equally happy as men in countries at various stages of development. The third chapter examines whether pollution affects the academic performance of school children; their academic performance and achievements will have important implications for their future well-being. |
| Keyword | happiness; well-being |
| Geographic subject | Germany |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010; 2002/2008 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3782 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zweig-4500 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Zweig-4500.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 111 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 102 least proficient in mathematics would decrease by an average of 9.3 percentage points. If the percent of days above the standard for PM10 increased to 100% from the mean of 11.71%, then the percent scoring at least proficient would decrease by 2.1. Increasing the percent of days above the standard to 100% for PM10 and ozone would increase the percent at least proficient in language arts by 1.9 and 16.6, respectively. 3.2 MECHANISMS BY WHICH POLLUTION COULD AFFECT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE There are three mechanisms by which pollution could affect academic performance: (i) school absenteeism due to illness caused by pollution; (ii) attention problems in school due to illness caused by pollution; and (iii) fatigue when doing homework due to illness caused by pollution. 3.2.1 EVIDENCE FROM THE ECONOMICS LITERATURE Mechanisms (i)-(iii) rely on pollution having a negative effect on health, and then health impacting students’ academic performance, and here we highlight some of the economics articles investigating these mechanisms.15 Chay and Greenstone (2003ab) examine the effect of air pollution on infant mortality rates in United States counties between 1980 to 1982. Their initial identification strategy is based on assuming that county fixed effects, state trends, year effects and socioeconomic controls are sufficient to eliminate most spurious correlations between pollution and infant mortality. Their 15 There are several articles outside the economics literature that establish this link as well (see McConnell et al., 2002, Gauderman et al., 2000, and McConnell et al., 2003); however, for brevity, we focus on the economics papers. 102 |
