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65
not have children. This is also true for men in the UK and Estonia, but the reverse is true
for women in Estonia and men in Finland. These results suggests that there is some
interaction effect between home production and employment on life satisfaction.
The psychology literature is in agreement with the economics of happiness
literature that women report being happier than men (Nolen-Hoeksema & Rusting 1999).
They also conclude that women are more likely to have anxiety or be depressed. The
authors discuss the evidence for three possible explanations for gender differences in
mood: personality, social norms, and biology. There does not seem to be enough
convincing evidence that biology or personality can explain gender differences in
happiness or depression. Nolen-Hoeksema and Rusting conclude that social norms are the
likely cause of differences in happiness, but that more research needs to be done.
According to the happiness literature, there are also gender differences in specific
domains of life, including job satisfaction, financial satisfaction, and satisfaction with
leisure. Women in Denmark, Australia, and Russia are found to be more satisfied with
their financial situations than men (Bonke, Deding, & Lausten, 2009; Marks & Fleming,
1999; Schyns, 2001). They have equal satisfaction with leisure in Denmark (Bonke et al.,
2009). In the United States and United Kingdom, women report higher job satisfaction
than men despite the fact that they are paid less (Clark, 1997; Clark & Oswald, 1996;
Sloane & Williams, 2000; Sousa-Poza & Sousa-Poza, 2000).
My contribution to this literature is to show the patterns of female-male
differences in life satisfaction across countries at various stages of development,
including developed, developing, and transition countries. First, I present the mean
65
Object Description
| Title | Essays on health and well-being |
| Author | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Author email | smith2@usc.edu; jackiesmith04@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Economics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-23 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Easterlin, Richard A. Ham, John C. |
| Advisor (committee member) | Melguizo, Tatiana |
| Abstract | This dissertation is comprised of three chapters that use microeconometric techniques to investigate the factors that affect people’s well-being. In the first two chapters, well-being is defined as life satisfaction or health satisfaction. The first chapter explores how the movement from socialism to capitalism affected the life satisfaction and health satisfaction of East Germans relative to West Germans after reunification. The second chapter examines whether women are happier, less happy, or equally happy as men in countries at various stages of development. The third chapter examines whether pollution affects the academic performance of school children; their academic performance and achievements will have important implications for their future well-being. |
| Keyword | happiness; well-being |
| Geographic subject | Germany |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010; 2002/2008 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3782 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zweig-4500 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Zweig-4500.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 74 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 65 not have children. This is also true for men in the UK and Estonia, but the reverse is true for women in Estonia and men in Finland. These results suggests that there is some interaction effect between home production and employment on life satisfaction. The psychology literature is in agreement with the economics of happiness literature that women report being happier than men (Nolen-Hoeksema & Rusting 1999). They also conclude that women are more likely to have anxiety or be depressed. The authors discuss the evidence for three possible explanations for gender differences in mood: personality, social norms, and biology. There does not seem to be enough convincing evidence that biology or personality can explain gender differences in happiness or depression. Nolen-Hoeksema and Rusting conclude that social norms are the likely cause of differences in happiness, but that more research needs to be done. According to the happiness literature, there are also gender differences in specific domains of life, including job satisfaction, financial satisfaction, and satisfaction with leisure. Women in Denmark, Australia, and Russia are found to be more satisfied with their financial situations than men (Bonke, Deding, & Lausten, 2009; Marks & Fleming, 1999; Schyns, 2001). They have equal satisfaction with leisure in Denmark (Bonke et al., 2009). In the United States and United Kingdom, women report higher job satisfaction than men despite the fact that they are paid less (Clark, 1997; Clark & Oswald, 1996; Sloane & Williams, 2000; Sousa-Poza & Sousa-Poza, 2000). My contribution to this literature is to show the patterns of female-male differences in life satisfaction across countries at various stages of development, including developed, developing, and transition countries. First, I present the mean 65 |
