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22
Table 1.4 contains the descriptive statistics of the variables in the analysis by age
group for East and West Germany. The statistics are calculated for the study period 1992
to 1999. The independent economic and demographic variables are marital status, log
household income per capita, and employment status. Single, divorced, and widowed are
grouped together into the not-married category. Age squared controls for life cycle
changes in health satisfaction. Because the empirical specification includes individual
fixed effects, age and gender will be not be identified. Log household income per capita
is the monthly net labor income of everyone in the household including pensions,
unemployment benefits, and maternity benefits etc., divided by the number of people in
the household.4 Household income is used rather than individual wage income so that
people who are unemployed or retired are not excluded from the analysis. Dummy
variables for unemployment and retirement are also included. Both older and younger
East Germans have significantly lower household income and are more likely to be
unemployed than their West German counterparts.
In addition to personal economic circumstances, state unemployment rates are
included in the model to control for macroeconomic conditions that may affect one’s
health or life satisfaction. The unemployment rates are significantly higher in East
Germany compared to West Germany. There are some factors in the life satisfaction
regressions that are not in the health satisfaction regressions. Specifically, I include
occupation group, whether or not the person has children, and if a family member died in
4 I use the generated version of this variable, ahinc. When no answer was provided on net household
income, the SOEP used the net household income calculated from the responses to specific income
questions of all individuals in the household (“Documentation HGEN,” 2010).
22
Object Description
| Title | Essays on health and well-being |
| Author | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Author email | smith2@usc.edu; jackiesmith04@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Economics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-23 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 26 Apr. 2012. |
| Date published | 2012-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) |
Easterlin, Richard A. Ham, John C. |
| Advisor (committee member) | Melguizo, Tatiana |
| Abstract | This dissertation is comprised of three chapters that use microeconometric techniques to investigate the factors that affect people’s well-being. In the first two chapters, well-being is defined as life satisfaction or health satisfaction. The first chapter explores how the movement from socialism to capitalism affected the life satisfaction and health satisfaction of East Germans relative to West Germans after reunification. The second chapter examines whether women are happier, less happy, or equally happy as men in countries at various stages of development. The third chapter examines whether pollution affects the academic performance of school children; their academic performance and achievements will have important implications for their future well-being. |
| Keyword | happiness; well-being |
| Geographic subject | Germany |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010; 2002/2008 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3782 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zweig, Jacqueline Smith |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zweig-4500 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Zweig-4500.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 31 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 22 Table 1.4 contains the descriptive statistics of the variables in the analysis by age group for East and West Germany. The statistics are calculated for the study period 1992 to 1999. The independent economic and demographic variables are marital status, log household income per capita, and employment status. Single, divorced, and widowed are grouped together into the not-married category. Age squared controls for life cycle changes in health satisfaction. Because the empirical specification includes individual fixed effects, age and gender will be not be identified. Log household income per capita is the monthly net labor income of everyone in the household including pensions, unemployment benefits, and maternity benefits etc., divided by the number of people in the household.4 Household income is used rather than individual wage income so that people who are unemployed or retired are not excluded from the analysis. Dummy variables for unemployment and retirement are also included. Both older and younger East Germans have significantly lower household income and are more likely to be unemployed than their West German counterparts. In addition to personal economic circumstances, state unemployment rates are included in the model to control for macroeconomic conditions that may affect one’s health or life satisfaction. The unemployment rates are significantly higher in East Germany compared to West Germany. There are some factors in the life satisfaction regressions that are not in the health satisfaction regressions. Specifically, I include occupation group, whether or not the person has children, and if a family member died in 4 I use the generated version of this variable, ahinc. When no answer was provided on net household income, the SOEP used the net household income calculated from the responses to specific income questions of all individuals in the household (“Documentation HGEN,” 2010). 22 |
