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220
also apply to Almaty and, to a lesser extent, to Aktau as well. (6/29/2009) He expressed such belief that the primary intra-ethnic division is between pro-traditional Kazakhs and pro-Western Kazakhs.
320 The former are the ones looking back to the Kazakh nomadic heritage and considering it to be the highest point in the cultural development of the Kazakhs, i.e. echoing Smith’s discussion of ethnie and historical roots. Others are oriented toward the West, seek prosperity and integration into the world markets, i.e. sharing Gellner’s vision of a nation as an efficient economic unit. In the Senator’s opinion neither group of Kazakhs consider Horde or even tribal identities an issue. The former believe that the recovery of the traditional Kazakh culture and worldview will render tribal identities irrelevant because the traditional Kazakh nomadic sense of community traversed ethnic and tribal affiliations. The latter believe that tribal Kazakh identities will disappear once a modern nation of Kazakhstan emerges on the ashes of the old soviet legacy.
As a matter of fact, a 7/2/2009 interview with an ethnic Kazakh, former member of parliament, professor of economics, working on the staff of the parliament in Astana provided an argument fitting such pro-modern, pro-Western Kazakhs. In his view, the Kazakh language, traditions and religiosity matter not; what truly matters is the creation of a new Kazakh identity which would fit into the new realities of market economy. He holds the view that Russian would be an efficient language for the economic development, ignoring the state policy that makes Kazakh the only state language. (Ibid)
320 Which may not be necessarily mutually exclusive but in the interview, the respondent did not clarify that point.
Object Description
| Title | Market reforms, foreign direct investment and national identity: Non-national identity of Kazakhstan |
| Author | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Author email | janalin_a@yahoo.com; zhanalin@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | International Relations |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-22 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2011-04-29 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | English, Robert |
| Advisor (committee member) |
James, Patrick Rorlich, Azade-Ayse |
| Abstract | The present study offers an analysis of the concept of non-national identity in application to the Republic of Kazakhstan as the most likely case. The primary hypothesis is that newly independent states, which are undergoing a rapid transition to market economy and actively pursue integration in the world economy and foreign direct investment, will experience fragmentation of their national identity, defined as non-national identity.; Three sites in Kazakhstan, Almaty, Astana and Aktau, were chosen for the study as representative of the market reforms in the republic as well as the best examples of the country’s pursuit of foreign direct investment and integration into the global economy. The data collected indicates that while Kazakhstan does demonstrate fragmentation of its national identity, it is not necessarily caused by the market reforms and the participation in the global trade. Alternative causal variables such as the Soviet and Russian colonial legacy, intra-ethnic cleavages among the Kazakhs and the prevalence of multi-vector foreign policy were found to contribute to the development of non-national identity of Kazakhstan. The study’s results also suggest that in the last few years, Kazakh identity is experiencing a rather strong revival as well, which may yet counteract the existing factors leading to the emergence of the non-national identity of Kazakhstan. |
| Keyword | identity; nationalism; Kazakhstan; market reforms; globalization; foreign direct investment; national identity; countries in transition; foreign policy; culture; former Soviet Union; Central Asia; patronage networks; energy; oil; post-colonial legacy; nation-state |
| Geographic subject (city or populated place) | Almaty; Astana; Aktau |
| Geographic subject (country) | Kazakhstan |
| Coverage date | 1970/2010 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3812 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zhanalin-4506 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume51/etd-Zhanalin-4506.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 226 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 220 also apply to Almaty and, to a lesser extent, to Aktau as well. (6/29/2009) He expressed such belief that the primary intra-ethnic division is between pro-traditional Kazakhs and pro-Western Kazakhs. 320 The former are the ones looking back to the Kazakh nomadic heritage and considering it to be the highest point in the cultural development of the Kazakhs, i.e. echoing Smith’s discussion of ethnie and historical roots. Others are oriented toward the West, seek prosperity and integration into the world markets, i.e. sharing Gellner’s vision of a nation as an efficient economic unit. In the Senator’s opinion neither group of Kazakhs consider Horde or even tribal identities an issue. The former believe that the recovery of the traditional Kazakh culture and worldview will render tribal identities irrelevant because the traditional Kazakh nomadic sense of community traversed ethnic and tribal affiliations. The latter believe that tribal Kazakh identities will disappear once a modern nation of Kazakhstan emerges on the ashes of the old soviet legacy. As a matter of fact, a 7/2/2009 interview with an ethnic Kazakh, former member of parliament, professor of economics, working on the staff of the parliament in Astana provided an argument fitting such pro-modern, pro-Western Kazakhs. In his view, the Kazakh language, traditions and religiosity matter not; what truly matters is the creation of a new Kazakh identity which would fit into the new realities of market economy. He holds the view that Russian would be an efficient language for the economic development, ignoring the state policy that makes Kazakh the only state language. (Ibid) 320 Which may not be necessarily mutually exclusive but in the interview, the respondent did not clarify that point. |
