Page 169 |
Save page Remove page | Previous | 169 of 265 | Next |
|
small (250x250 max)
medium (500x500 max)
Large (1000x1000 max)
Extra Large
large ( > 500x500)
Full Resolution
All (PDF)
|
This page
All
|
163
inhabitants, and outside of Almaty, Astana and Mangystau, every region demonstrates smaller or about the average level of activity in this sector of economy. (Regiony Kazakhstana v 2009 godu, 2010, p. 208) Small businesses employ almost 200 thousand people in Almaty which constitutes almost 25% of the total small business employment in the republic, providing goods and services in excess of 1 trillion tenge
222 which is over 28% of the total amount of goods and services provided by small businesses across Kazakhstan. (Ibid p. 209)
Figure 18: Small and Foreign Business in Kazakhstan
Source: Kazakhstan Statistic Agency Regional Data (Regiony Kazakhstana. Broshura 2005-2009, 2010)
It is long has been established that small business stimulates economic growth and job creation even in the most developed countries like the U.S. (Karlsson, Lindmark, & Olofsson, 1993) although not without evidence to the contrary (Duncan & Handler, 1994). In Kazakhstan, the future of small business is not yet determined but it is repeatedly declared as one of the cornerstones of the governmental development policy,
222 Kazakhstan currency, about 150 tenge for $1 USD
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
Kazakhstan
Astana
Almaty
Number of Small Businesses,
per 1,000 inhabitants
Number of Companies with
Foreign Participation, per
10,000 inhabitants
Object Description
| Title | Market reforms, foreign direct investment and national identity: Non-national identity of Kazakhstan |
| Author | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Author email | janalin_a@yahoo.com; zhanalin@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | International Relations |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-22 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2011-04-29 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | English, Robert |
| Advisor (committee member) |
James, Patrick Rorlich, Azade-Ayse |
| Abstract | The present study offers an analysis of the concept of non-national identity in application to the Republic of Kazakhstan as the most likely case. The primary hypothesis is that newly independent states, which are undergoing a rapid transition to market economy and actively pursue integration in the world economy and foreign direct investment, will experience fragmentation of their national identity, defined as non-national identity.; Three sites in Kazakhstan, Almaty, Astana and Aktau, were chosen for the study as representative of the market reforms in the republic as well as the best examples of the country’s pursuit of foreign direct investment and integration into the global economy. The data collected indicates that while Kazakhstan does demonstrate fragmentation of its national identity, it is not necessarily caused by the market reforms and the participation in the global trade. Alternative causal variables such as the Soviet and Russian colonial legacy, intra-ethnic cleavages among the Kazakhs and the prevalence of multi-vector foreign policy were found to contribute to the development of non-national identity of Kazakhstan. The study’s results also suggest that in the last few years, Kazakh identity is experiencing a rather strong revival as well, which may yet counteract the existing factors leading to the emergence of the non-national identity of Kazakhstan. |
| Keyword | identity; nationalism; Kazakhstan; market reforms; globalization; foreign direct investment; national identity; countries in transition; foreign policy; culture; former Soviet Union; Central Asia; patronage networks; energy; oil; post-colonial legacy; nation-state |
| Geographic subject (city or populated place) | Almaty; Astana; Aktau |
| Geographic subject (country) | Kazakhstan |
| Coverage date | 1970/2010 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3812 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Zhanalin, Azamat |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Zhanalin-4506 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume51/etd-Zhanalin-4506.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 169 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 163 inhabitants, and outside of Almaty, Astana and Mangystau, every region demonstrates smaller or about the average level of activity in this sector of economy. (Regiony Kazakhstana v 2009 godu, 2010, p. 208) Small businesses employ almost 200 thousand people in Almaty which constitutes almost 25% of the total small business employment in the republic, providing goods and services in excess of 1 trillion tenge 222 which is over 28% of the total amount of goods and services provided by small businesses across Kazakhstan. (Ibid p. 209) Figure 18: Small and Foreign Business in Kazakhstan Source: Kazakhstan Statistic Agency Regional Data (Regiony Kazakhstana. Broshura 2005-2009, 2010) It is long has been established that small business stimulates economic growth and job creation even in the most developed countries like the U.S. (Karlsson, Lindmark, & Olofsson, 1993) although not without evidence to the contrary (Duncan & Handler, 1994). In Kazakhstan, the future of small business is not yet determined but it is repeatedly declared as one of the cornerstones of the governmental development policy, 222 Kazakhstan currency, about 150 tenge for $1 USD 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 Kazakhstan Astana Almaty Number of Small Businesses, per 1,000 inhabitants Number of Companies with Foreign Participation, per 10,000 inhabitants |
