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103
Chapter 5
Conclusions
Summary
The decreasing level of funding to the California Community Colleges has
refocused attention on the efficiency of district expenditures across the state.
Administrators have been forced to cut back on course offerings in order to comply
with the budget cuts. But before such cuts are made, the level of instructional
expenditures must first be evaluated and analyzed. The purpose of this study was first
to create a method for determining instructional costs and then deriving a benchmark
value. The second goal of this study was to determine why instructional costs vary
across a comparable sample of community college. Peer colleges included single
campus districts within the Los Angeles Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The research questions:
1. What are the instructional expenditures among peer community colleges and
how do they vary in respect to a valid benchmark?
2. What accounts for the variation of instructional expenditures among these peer
community colleges?
This was accomplished by determining instructional costs per FTES as the
valid benchmark, and using a refined mean from the sample. The sample consisted of
Object Description
| Title | Finance in the California community college: Comparative analysis and benchmarking of instructional expenditures |
| Author | Karamian, Martin |
| Author email | martinsfsu@netzero.com; karamim@piercecollege.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Education |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Education (Leadership) |
| School | Rossier School of Education |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-03-17 |
| Date submitted | 2011 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2011-04-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Picus, Lawrence O. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Melguizo, Tatiana Vega, William |
| Abstract | The goals of this empirical study of community colleges are to 1) create a benchmark for per student instructional expenditures; and 2) account for variations in instructional expenditures among a peer group of community colleges in Southern California. The peer group sample included 22 single campus community college districts in the Los Angeles area. Using data for three fiscal years a refined mean benchmark value for instructional expenditures of $2,676.71 per full-time equivalent student (FTES) was estimated with a standard deviation of $326.54. Using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, 11 variables were correlated with instructional costs per FTES. The largest and only statistically significant determinant included the number of part-time instructors (-0.424). While other variables were correlated, none were statistically significant at the 95% confidence interval. The results from the sample suggest that larger colleges have lower instructional costs per FTES despite higher faculty pay. Expanding credit student enrollment within the funding growth limits set by the State, along with additional part-time instruction within the limits set by the State will likely result in lower instructional costs per FTES and an economy of scale effect. The effect of increased institutional size on quality of education was not assessed. |
| Keyword | finance; California; community college; comparative analysis; benchmarking; instructional expenditures; economics; higher education; spending; instruction; education; economy of scale |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1990/2010 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3775 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Karamian, Martin |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Karamian-4454 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Karamian-4454.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 111 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 103 Chapter 5 Conclusions Summary The decreasing level of funding to the California Community Colleges has refocused attention on the efficiency of district expenditures across the state. Administrators have been forced to cut back on course offerings in order to comply with the budget cuts. But before such cuts are made, the level of instructional expenditures must first be evaluated and analyzed. The purpose of this study was first to create a method for determining instructional costs and then deriving a benchmark value. The second goal of this study was to determine why instructional costs vary across a comparable sample of community college. Peer colleges included single campus districts within the Los Angeles Metropolitan Statistical Area. The research questions: 1. What are the instructional expenditures among peer community colleges and how do they vary in respect to a valid benchmark? 2. What accounts for the variation of instructional expenditures among these peer community colleges? This was accomplished by determining instructional costs per FTES as the valid benchmark, and using a refined mean from the sample. The sample consisted of |
