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18
classes and education of the community and law enforcement may aid in this endeavor.
Not only do individuals learn to use deception for their own benefit, but also it is also quite a rational response to avoid facing unpleasant consequences. An example is making a false rape allegation when someone is “caught” having underage consensual sex or an extramarital affair. The behavior of blaming someone else for one’s own poor judgment, while recklessly unethical, is quite rational and self-serving as the complainant may, in the end, draw some benefit from the false report.52 The same conclusion may be extended to hoaxers; their actions may be recklessly unethical and criminal, but they are not necessarily irrational, as they believe they will benefit from many aspects of the hoax, unless their conduct is detected.53
Hoaxes in the scientific community share some traits with those of a destructive nature. Jim Schnabel seems to differentiate scientific hoaxers from other types of hoaxers by determining that those in the scientific community, while still perpetuating a hoax, will remain within the boundaries of what other scientific experts might accept as plausible or factual.54 Schnabel appears to believe that scientific hoaxers may be shrewder and more calculating than other types of hoaxers by always placing their hoax scenarios squarely in the realm of what most would
52 See Bryden & Lengnick’s article “Rape in the Criminal Justice System,” in which they include the ramifications of false rape allegations. Bryden, David, P., & Lengnick, Sonja, “Rape in the Criminal Justice System,” The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Vol. 87, No. 4, 1997, pp. 1194-1384.
53 While each hoaxer gains different benefits, research indicates that with punishment/penalties being rather insignificant presently, the hoaxers appears to always gain more than is lost.
54 “Other” types of hoaxes may include extraterrestrial hoaxes, spaceship hoaxes, etc., hoaxes which the scientific community would dismiss for lacking evidence of actual existence.
Object Description
| Title | An argument for the criminal hoax |
| Author | Pellegrini, Laura A. |
| Author email | user1963@yahoo.com; teachpolsci@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Science |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-08-20 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-13 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Renteln, Alison Dundes |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Wong, Janelle S. Newland, Chester A. |
| Abstract | Hoaxes are part of the fabric of history. While many provide humor and lighthearted joy, the criminal hoax does not. To date, researchers have included aspects of the criminal hoax in larger academic works. This is an original typology that sets forth the criminal hoax as a distinct part of the larger field of law and public policy. This work provides newly created definitions including four distinct categories of hoaxes: the monetary hoax, the attention getter hoax, the hate crime hoax and the racial hoax. It further illustrates these types with actual detailed accounts of hoaxes and provides insights to each one. It makes policy recommendations concerning the four categories of needs: 1. legislative action, 2. a nationwide statistical database of hoax events, 3. media involvement, and 4. law enforcement training and action to deal with criminal hoaxes. Finally, it recommends further research to identify the causes and motivations of vipers. The ultimate goal of this project is to find ways to eliminate criminal hoaxes. |
| Keyword | criminal hoax; hoax categories |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1659 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Pellegrini, Laura A. |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Pellegrini-2397 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume26/etd-Pellegrini-2397.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 24 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 18 classes and education of the community and law enforcement may aid in this endeavor. Not only do individuals learn to use deception for their own benefit, but also it is also quite a rational response to avoid facing unpleasant consequences. An example is making a false rape allegation when someone is “caught” having underage consensual sex or an extramarital affair. The behavior of blaming someone else for one’s own poor judgment, while recklessly unethical, is quite rational and self-serving as the complainant may, in the end, draw some benefit from the false report.52 The same conclusion may be extended to hoaxers; their actions may be recklessly unethical and criminal, but they are not necessarily irrational, as they believe they will benefit from many aspects of the hoax, unless their conduct is detected.53 Hoaxes in the scientific community share some traits with those of a destructive nature. Jim Schnabel seems to differentiate scientific hoaxers from other types of hoaxers by determining that those in the scientific community, while still perpetuating a hoax, will remain within the boundaries of what other scientific experts might accept as plausible or factual.54 Schnabel appears to believe that scientific hoaxers may be shrewder and more calculating than other types of hoaxers by always placing their hoax scenarios squarely in the realm of what most would 52 See Bryden & Lengnick’s article “Rape in the Criminal Justice System,” in which they include the ramifications of false rape allegations. Bryden, David, P., & Lengnick, Sonja, “Rape in the Criminal Justice System,” The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Vol. 87, No. 4, 1997, pp. 1194-1384. 53 While each hoaxer gains different benefits, research indicates that with punishment/penalties being rather insignificant presently, the hoaxers appears to always gain more than is lost. 54 “Other” types of hoaxes may include extraterrestrial hoaxes, spaceship hoaxes, etc., hoaxes which the scientific community would dismiss for lacking evidence of actual existence. |
