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139
Chapter 5: Concluding Remarks
Reflection on the Findings
The core premise of this dissertation has been that over the period 1995 to
2005 a country’s success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government’s ability to
implement a multisectoral HIV/AIDS program. A multisectoral program can be
effective because it includes representation from government agencies beyond just
the health ministry and this creates a broader base for successfully working with
NGOs, faith-based organizations, and local communities, in the fight against
HIV/AIDS. In this dissertation the relationship between the adoption of a
multisectoral HIV/AIDS program and a reduction in the prevalence of the disease
confirms that these programs have been effective in the majority of middle and low-income
countries included in this database. The importance of this research lies in
the urgent need to combat AIDS as a goal in itself, but also because actively
addressing the AIDS problem is key to sustaining economic growth in those
countries plagued by this epidemic.
The literature review conducted in this dissertation suggests that there are
negative economic effects from the disease, a main one being the fall in labor
productivity caused by illness and then death. Country simulations have also been
run and these too predict dramatic falls in future economic growth, labor
productivity, and savings due to the disease. The literature also pointed to several
societal determinants of HIV/AIDS, such as a lack of education and extreme gender
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 147 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 139 Chapter 5: Concluding Remarks Reflection on the Findings The core premise of this dissertation has been that over the period 1995 to 2005 a country’s success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government’s ability to implement a multisectoral HIV/AIDS program. A multisectoral program can be effective because it includes representation from government agencies beyond just the health ministry and this creates a broader base for successfully working with NGOs, faith-based organizations, and local communities, in the fight against HIV/AIDS. In this dissertation the relationship between the adoption of a multisectoral HIV/AIDS program and a reduction in the prevalence of the disease confirms that these programs have been effective in the majority of middle and low-income countries included in this database. The importance of this research lies in the urgent need to combat AIDS as a goal in itself, but also because actively addressing the AIDS problem is key to sustaining economic growth in those countries plagued by this epidemic. The literature review conducted in this dissertation suggests that there are negative economic effects from the disease, a main one being the fall in labor productivity caused by illness and then death. Country simulations have also been run and these too predict dramatic falls in future economic growth, labor productivity, and savings due to the disease. The literature also pointed to several societal determinants of HIV/AIDS, such as a lack of education and extreme gender |
