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82
3. Per capita GDP.
4. Gross National Income.
5. 2005 expenditures on HIV/AIDS.
6. Average Investment.
7. GDP per capita growth from 1990-2005.
Those variables that represent regions are:
1. Africa
2. Asia
3. Latin America and the Caribbean
Models 1, 2a, 2c, 3a, 4, 5, and 6 are all executed using the Pooled Least
Squares estimation technique which, like ordinary least squares (OLS), minimizes
the sum of squared residuals to find a model that best fits the data. Models 2b and 3b
use Two Stage Least Squares estimation to ensure that the independent variable:
“multisectoral program” is not correlated to the dependent variable: “HIV/AIDS
rate.” This requires the selection of instrumental variables (IVs) for the independent
variable (multisectoral program). Valid IVs must have a causal influence on the
existence of a multisectoral program but have no direct causal effect on the
dependent variable: the HIV/AIDS rate. Instruments used in these two stage models
have a positive and significant influence in the existence of multisectoral HIV/AIDS
programs but have no significant relationship with the HIV/AIDS rate. In a two
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 90 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 82 3. Per capita GDP. 4. Gross National Income. 5. 2005 expenditures on HIV/AIDS. 6. Average Investment. 7. GDP per capita growth from 1990-2005. Those variables that represent regions are: 1. Africa 2. Asia 3. Latin America and the Caribbean Models 1, 2a, 2c, 3a, 4, 5, and 6 are all executed using the Pooled Least Squares estimation technique which, like ordinary least squares (OLS), minimizes the sum of squared residuals to find a model that best fits the data. Models 2b and 3b use Two Stage Least Squares estimation to ensure that the independent variable: “multisectoral program” is not correlated to the dependent variable: “HIV/AIDS rate.” This requires the selection of instrumental variables (IVs) for the independent variable (multisectoral program). Valid IVs must have a causal influence on the existence of a multisectoral program but have no direct causal effect on the dependent variable: the HIV/AIDS rate. Instruments used in these two stage models have a positive and significant influence in the existence of multisectoral HIV/AIDS programs but have no significant relationship with the HIV/AIDS rate. In a two |
