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76
Table 4a: Explanation of Variables
Variable Measurement / Source Used in Model
No:
HIV/AIDS rate
1995 and 1997
Percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with
HIV/AIDS. / CIA, UNAIDS, Avert, WHO
1, 2c, 3a
HIV/AIDS rate
2005
Percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with
HIV/AIDS / HIV insite
2a, 2b
Change in
HIV/AIDS rate
1995 to 2005
Change in percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with
HIV/AIDS between 1995 and 2005 / CIA, UNAIDS,
Avert, WHO, HIV insite
3a, 3b
Expenditures on
HIV/AIDS 2005
Per Capita government expenditures on HIV/AIDS /
UNAIDS
4
Multisectoral
HIV/AIDS
program 2005,
1997, 1995
Percent of time a country has had a multisectoral
program over the years 1995 to 2005 (^also calculated
as =1 if a country has a program and =0 if a country has
no program as of 1995, 1997, 2005)/ Davis (*)
^1, 2c, 7
2a, 3a, 4, 5
Condom
Awareness 2005
Percentage of all sexually active women (aged 15-49)
who know about condoms as a contraceptive method /
DHS
5
GDP p/c growth
1990 to 2005
Percentage growth in GDP per capita from 1990 to
2005 / World Bank
6
Gini Coefficient
2005
A ratio with values between 0 and 1: a low Gini
indicates a more equal wealth distribution, while a high
Gini indicates more unequal distribution. / CIA, UNDP
1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a,
3b, 5, 6, 7
GDP per capita
1995, 1997,2005
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product per capita in US
Dollars / World Bank
1, 2a, 2b, 2c,
3a,3b, 5
Muslim percentage Percentage of the population that is Muslim by religion
/ CIA
1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 5
Gender Parity
Index (literacy)
Ratio of female to male literacy rates. GPI less than1 =
Males more literate than Females, GPI=1 = perfect
equality. / UNESCO
1
Gender Inequality Arithmetic mean of early marriage, polygamy,
inheritance, parental authority indicator (0=equality;
1=max inequality). / OECD Development Centre
1
Male population
(15-30) 1995, 2005
Percentage of the male population (aged 15-30) / World
Resources Institute
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b,
4, 7
Literacy rate 2005 Percentage of males and females (aged 15 +) that are
literate / World Bank
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b,
5
Telephones 1995,
2005
Number of telephone mainlines per 100 people in the
population / World Bank
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b,
5, 6
HIV/AIDS rate of
neighbor 1995,
2005
Highest HIV/AIDS rate of all neighboring countries /
CIA, UNAIDS, Avert, WHO, HIV insite
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b,
5, 6, 7
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 84 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 76 Table 4a: Explanation of Variables Variable Measurement / Source Used in Model No: HIV/AIDS rate 1995 and 1997 Percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. / CIA, UNAIDS, Avert, WHO 1, 2c, 3a HIV/AIDS rate 2005 Percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS / HIV insite 2a, 2b Change in HIV/AIDS rate 1995 to 2005 Change in percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS between 1995 and 2005 / CIA, UNAIDS, Avert, WHO, HIV insite 3a, 3b Expenditures on HIV/AIDS 2005 Per Capita government expenditures on HIV/AIDS / UNAIDS 4 Multisectoral HIV/AIDS program 2005, 1997, 1995 Percent of time a country has had a multisectoral program over the years 1995 to 2005 (^also calculated as =1 if a country has a program and =0 if a country has no program as of 1995, 1997, 2005)/ Davis (*) ^1, 2c, 7 2a, 3a, 4, 5 Condom Awareness 2005 Percentage of all sexually active women (aged 15-49) who know about condoms as a contraceptive method / DHS 5 GDP p/c growth 1990 to 2005 Percentage growth in GDP per capita from 1990 to 2005 / World Bank 6 Gini Coefficient 2005 A ratio with values between 0 and 1: a low Gini indicates a more equal wealth distribution, while a high Gini indicates more unequal distribution. / CIA, UNDP 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 5, 6, 7 GDP per capita 1995, 1997,2005 Per Capita Gross Domestic Product per capita in US Dollars / World Bank 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a,3b, 5 Muslim percentage Percentage of the population that is Muslim by religion / CIA 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 5 Gender Parity Index (literacy) Ratio of female to male literacy rates. GPI less than1 = Males more literate than Females, GPI=1 = perfect equality. / UNESCO 1 Gender Inequality Arithmetic mean of early marriage, polygamy, inheritance, parental authority indicator (0=equality; 1=max inequality). / OECD Development Centre 1 Male population (15-30) 1995, 2005 Percentage of the male population (aged 15-30) / World Resources Institute 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4, 7 Literacy rate 2005 Percentage of males and females (aged 15 +) that are literate / World Bank 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 5 Telephones 1995, 2005 Number of telephone mainlines per 100 people in the population / World Bank 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 5, 6 HIV/AIDS rate of neighbor 1995, 2005 Highest HIV/AIDS rate of all neighboring countries / CIA, UNAIDS, Avert, WHO, HIV insite 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 5, 6, 7 |
