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31
partnerships between races in the late 1800s in an effort to “whiten” the population
thus causing fewer divisions between racial groups.
The prior work by Gauri and Lieberman (2004) emphasized the importance
of an open and decentralized political environment as a key political determinant for
Brazil’s success in fighting HIV/AIDS. This follow-up article incorporates a new
political determinant of HIV/AIDS, i.e. the concept of boundary institutions. The
authors reiterate that because South Africa has strong boundary institutions, policies
to curb HIV/AIDS have been slow to emerge. Brazil’s weak boundary institutions
(and hence the propensity for more groups in society to perceive themselves to be at
risk) have fostered the implementation of more cohesive HIV/AIDS policies. The
earlier implementation of these policies in Brazil has further helped to curtail the
HIV/AIDS epidemic.
In addition to the concept of particular groups created by boundary
institutions, a recent article from the Economist suggests that location had something
to do with Brazil’s rapid and efficient response to HIV/AIDS. In Brazil, the disease
began amongst white males in the prosperous south-east region. There, the
government has been efficient at promoting the use of condoms and providing free
treatment, and NGOs have been able to hold the government to their promises. The
problem now is that the disease has spread throughout the north-east region where
these mechanisms are not as strong. Because the health care system in this region is
more erratic, less people are being diagnosed and properly treated. These difficulties
with disease prevention in the north-east are clearly problematic for the Brazilian
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 39 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 31 partnerships between races in the late 1800s in an effort to “whiten” the population thus causing fewer divisions between racial groups. The prior work by Gauri and Lieberman (2004) emphasized the importance of an open and decentralized political environment as a key political determinant for Brazil’s success in fighting HIV/AIDS. This follow-up article incorporates a new political determinant of HIV/AIDS, i.e. the concept of boundary institutions. The authors reiterate that because South Africa has strong boundary institutions, policies to curb HIV/AIDS have been slow to emerge. Brazil’s weak boundary institutions (and hence the propensity for more groups in society to perceive themselves to be at risk) have fostered the implementation of more cohesive HIV/AIDS policies. The earlier implementation of these policies in Brazil has further helped to curtail the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In addition to the concept of particular groups created by boundary institutions, a recent article from the Economist suggests that location had something to do with Brazil’s rapid and efficient response to HIV/AIDS. In Brazil, the disease began amongst white males in the prosperous south-east region. There, the government has been efficient at promoting the use of condoms and providing free treatment, and NGOs have been able to hold the government to their promises. The problem now is that the disease has spread throughout the north-east region where these mechanisms are not as strong. Because the health care system in this region is more erratic, less people are being diagnosed and properly treated. These difficulties with disease prevention in the north-east are clearly problematic for the Brazilian |
