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24
been seen that the main societal determinants of HIV/AIDS include poverty, lack of
education, gender inequalities, as well as certain risky sexual behavior including
multiple sexual partners, and minimal condom use.
Societal determinants of HIV/AIDS are further examined by Jeffrey Sachs
(2005) who asks why Africa, in particular, has been so vulnerable to disease and
slow in terms of economic growth. The author mentions that the region has been
problematic for centuries:
I began to suspect that the omnipresence of disease and death had
played a deep role in Africa’s prolonged inability to develop
economically. . . Even before the Industrial Revolution, Africa had the
lowest urbanization rate of any part of the world, and apparently the
world’s lowest living standards on the eve of the era of modern
economic growth (Sachs 2005:194).
Sachs (2005) also mentions that good governance can facilitate economic growth but
does not necessarily dictate such growth. As an example, he points to Senegal,
Uganda, Ethiopia, and Ghana (to name a few) as African countries that maintain
stable governance yet continue to face extreme poverty, debt, and illiteracy.
In exploring for other potential reasons for the extended economic troubles in
the African region Sachs (2005) suggests that “. . .it would be necessary to unravel
the interconnections between extreme poverty, rampant disease, unstable and harsh
climate conditions, high transport costs, chronic hunger, and inadequate food
production” (Sachs 2005:196). In his work on economic growth, Sachs (2005)
acknowledges that some of these problems could be improved via large investments
in infrastructure, medications, and agriculture. Unfortunately, no one societal or
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 32 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 24 been seen that the main societal determinants of HIV/AIDS include poverty, lack of education, gender inequalities, as well as certain risky sexual behavior including multiple sexual partners, and minimal condom use. Societal determinants of HIV/AIDS are further examined by Jeffrey Sachs (2005) who asks why Africa, in particular, has been so vulnerable to disease and slow in terms of economic growth. The author mentions that the region has been problematic for centuries: I began to suspect that the omnipresence of disease and death had played a deep role in Africa’s prolonged inability to develop economically. . . Even before the Industrial Revolution, Africa had the lowest urbanization rate of any part of the world, and apparently the world’s lowest living standards on the eve of the era of modern economic growth (Sachs 2005:194). Sachs (2005) also mentions that good governance can facilitate economic growth but does not necessarily dictate such growth. As an example, he points to Senegal, Uganda, Ethiopia, and Ghana (to name a few) as African countries that maintain stable governance yet continue to face extreme poverty, debt, and illiteracy. In exploring for other potential reasons for the extended economic troubles in the African region Sachs (2005) suggests that “. . .it would be necessary to unravel the interconnections between extreme poverty, rampant disease, unstable and harsh climate conditions, high transport costs, chronic hunger, and inadequate food production” (Sachs 2005:196). In his work on economic growth, Sachs (2005) acknowledges that some of these problems could be improved via large investments in infrastructure, medications, and agriculture. Unfortunately, no one societal or |
