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14
A similar study by Ukpolo (2004) looks at the effects of HIV/AIDS on
growth in several countries over time. Ukpolo (2004) uses an ordinary least squares
(OLS) regression (similar to the one used in this dissertation) to examine the
relationship between economic growth and HIV/AIDS in 17 African countries
during the period from 1990 to1996. The author finds that HIV/AIDS had a negative
impact on economic growth over the time period. Other results from Ukpolo (2004)
indicate that openness of the economy as well as an increase in the labor force has a
positive impact on economic growth.
Some of the many reasons that HIV/AIDS hurts economic growth are offered
below in an excerpt from a report by Malawi’s National AIDS Commission (2003):
Illness prevents the primary breadwinner from working, increases the
amount of money the household spends on health care, and requires
other household members to miss school or work in order to care for the
patient. Death of the patient results in a permanent loss of income,
either through lost wages and remittances, or through a decrease in
agricultural labour supply. Households must also bear the costs of
funerals and mourning, which in some settings are substantial. When
children are withdrawn from school in order to save on educational
expenses and increase the labour supply, the household suffers a severe
loss of future earning potential (National AIDS Commission 2003:35).
The above literature suggests that HIV/AIDS has a negative impact on
economic growth over a certain time period. A study by Lewis and Arndt (2000)
looks at this negative growth impact over a future time period. Their results are
based on a simulation model of the South African Economy that uses available data
such as labor supply and HIV/AIDS prevalence rates. They compare the GDP
effects of HIV/AIDS under two possible scenarios, one with the current HIV/AIDS
Object Description
| Title | Political determinants and economic effects of HIV/AIDS: a push for the multisectoral approach |
| Author | Davis, Dollie |
| Author email | dollieda@usc.edu; dolliesdavis@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-07-15 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-30 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Wise, Carol |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Nugent, Jeffrey B. Chi, Iris |
| Abstract | The proposed dissertation offers an explanation for the large differences in HIV/AIDS rates among 89 low and middle-income countries throughout the Sub Saharan African, Asian, and Latin American regions over a ten-year period (1995-2005). The HIV/AIDS rates in these countries vary widely and seemingly independently of economic wealth. One possible determinant of these differences is the presence and degree of development of strong multisectoral programs aimed at both prevention and cure of HIV/AIDS. The main hypothesis for this dissertation is: "A country's success in combating HIV/AIDS lies in the government's ability to implement an effective multisectoral program." This hypothesis is explored through quantitative models using data from the ten-year period (1995-2005). Results show that the presence of a multisectoral program over the ten-year period is associated with a significantly lower HIV/AIDS incidence rate by 2005. This effect is produced by controlling for various political, economic, societal, and institutional factors. Although there is some anecdotal evidence which suggests that multisectoral programs help to improve the HIV/AIDS problem in developing countries, there has been little if any empirical work done on this subject to date. |
| Keyword | multisectoral; HIV/AIDS; economic development |
| Geographic subject (region) | Carribbean |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Africa; Asia; South America |
| Coverage date | 1995/2005 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1724 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Davis, Dollie |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Davis-2422 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Davis-2422.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 22 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 14 A similar study by Ukpolo (2004) looks at the effects of HIV/AIDS on growth in several countries over time. Ukpolo (2004) uses an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression (similar to the one used in this dissertation) to examine the relationship between economic growth and HIV/AIDS in 17 African countries during the period from 1990 to1996. The author finds that HIV/AIDS had a negative impact on economic growth over the time period. Other results from Ukpolo (2004) indicate that openness of the economy as well as an increase in the labor force has a positive impact on economic growth. Some of the many reasons that HIV/AIDS hurts economic growth are offered below in an excerpt from a report by Malawi’s National AIDS Commission (2003): Illness prevents the primary breadwinner from working, increases the amount of money the household spends on health care, and requires other household members to miss school or work in order to care for the patient. Death of the patient results in a permanent loss of income, either through lost wages and remittances, or through a decrease in agricultural labour supply. Households must also bear the costs of funerals and mourning, which in some settings are substantial. When children are withdrawn from school in order to save on educational expenses and increase the labour supply, the household suffers a severe loss of future earning potential (National AIDS Commission 2003:35). The above literature suggests that HIV/AIDS has a negative impact on economic growth over a certain time period. A study by Lewis and Arndt (2000) looks at this negative growth impact over a future time period. Their results are based on a simulation model of the South African Economy that uses available data such as labor supply and HIV/AIDS prevalence rates. They compare the GDP effects of HIV/AIDS under two possible scenarios, one with the current HIV/AIDS |
