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141
the construction of blackness is especially problematic when one considers the
fact that racial purity is notoriously difficult to ascertain and in the case of
African Americans, nearly 400 years of contact with Europeans and Native
Americans has produced a population is almost entirely made up of mixed-race
people. This idea will be taken up again in Chapter Four.
24 Kathleen Cleaver, statement at Yari Yari Pamberi: Black Women Writer’s
Dissecting Globalization conference, New York University, 2004.
25 Mexico itself also functioned as a homeland for some Chicanos of this era.
26 http://studentorgs.utexas.edu/mecha/archive/plan.html. El Plan also listed
seven organizational goals, very much like the Black Panther Party’s 10-Point
Program. See also Laura Pulido, Black, Brown, Yellow and Left: Radical
Activism in Los Angeles (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006).
27 Gloria Anzaldúa, Borderlands/ La Frontera: The New Mestiza (San Francisco:
Aunt Lute Books, 1987) 3.
28 Veronica Cunningham, “ever since,” Infinite Divisions: An Anthology of
Chicana Literature eds. Tey Diana Rebolledo and Eliana S. Rivero (Tuscon:
University of Arizona Press, 1993) 101.
29 By “traditional narratives of racial passing” I am referring to the literature
surrounding African Americans passing as whites.
30 The “crown” may also be a reference to Christianity and thus may signal a
rejection of the Catholic constraints placed on her as a woman, that often only
left women two choices for their identities: the virgin or the whore.
31 Elaine Brown, Taste of Power: A Black Woman’s Story (New York: Anchor
Books, 1993).
32 Brown 109.
33 For the account of Regina Davis’s beating, see Brown 444-445.
34 Brown 445.
35 Audra Lorde, Need: A Chorale for Black Woman Voices (New York: Kitchen
Table Press, 1990) 3.
Object Description
| Title | "As shelters against the cold": women writers of the Black Arts and Chicano movements, 1965-1978 |
| Author | Ryder, Ulli Kira |
| Author email | uryder@usc.edu; uryder@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | American Studies & Ethnicity |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-08-27 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 27 October 2010. |
| Date published | 2010-10-27 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | McKenna, Teresa |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Sanchez, George J. Johnson, Dana |
| Abstract | This dissertation examines the work of women writers in the Black Arts and Chicano movements during the years 1965-1978. I argue that understanding the intersectional nature of the women's experiences is crucial for understanding their literary output. Further, I argue that Chicanas and African American women of this era challenged homogenous notions of community and racial identity and that we can trace the development of the Third World feminism and multiculturalism that came to the fore in the 1980s to this earlier period. Thus, this study also impacts the way we conceptualize identity formation and the creation of the literary canon. Investigating the ways in which these women integrated nationalist and feminist rhetoric and activism in their work is crucial for a full understanding of this critical period in U.S. history. At stake is an understanding of how Chicana and African American women in the United States have formed identities and communities; struggled for liberation and equality; and become part of the U.S. literary canon. |
| Keyword | Black Power; Black Arts movement; Chicano movement; civil rights; racial identity formation; womanism; borderlands theory; feminism; Third World feminism; nationalism; intersectionality |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1965/1978 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1698 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Ryder, Ulli Kira |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Ryder-2415 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume40/etd-Ryder-2415.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 146 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 141 the construction of blackness is especially problematic when one considers the fact that racial purity is notoriously difficult to ascertain and in the case of African Americans, nearly 400 years of contact with Europeans and Native Americans has produced a population is almost entirely made up of mixed-race people. This idea will be taken up again in Chapter Four. 24 Kathleen Cleaver, statement at Yari Yari Pamberi: Black Women Writer’s Dissecting Globalization conference, New York University, 2004. 25 Mexico itself also functioned as a homeland for some Chicanos of this era. 26 http://studentorgs.utexas.edu/mecha/archive/plan.html. El Plan also listed seven organizational goals, very much like the Black Panther Party’s 10-Point Program. See also Laura Pulido, Black, Brown, Yellow and Left: Radical Activism in Los Angeles (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006). 27 Gloria Anzaldúa, Borderlands/ La Frontera: The New Mestiza (San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books, 1987) 3. 28 Veronica Cunningham, “ever since,” Infinite Divisions: An Anthology of Chicana Literature eds. Tey Diana Rebolledo and Eliana S. Rivero (Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, 1993) 101. 29 By “traditional narratives of racial passing” I am referring to the literature surrounding African Americans passing as whites. 30 The “crown” may also be a reference to Christianity and thus may signal a rejection of the Catholic constraints placed on her as a woman, that often only left women two choices for their identities: the virgin or the whore. 31 Elaine Brown, Taste of Power: A Black Woman’s Story (New York: Anchor Books, 1993). 32 Brown 109. 33 For the account of Regina Davis’s beating, see Brown 444-445. 34 Brown 445. 35 Audra Lorde, Need: A Chorale for Black Woman Voices (New York: Kitchen Table Press, 1990) 3. |
