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18
era” allows us to understand the origins of both non-violent resistance a la
Martin Luther King as well as the militancy of Malcolm X and Black
Power more generally.10 Dating the modern civil rights movement from
the 1930s and 1940s situates African Americans (and their liberation
struggles) within major shifts in U.S. domestic and foreign policies of the
earlier part of the twentieth century. The start of World War II, the Great
Migration of black people to northern and western cities, FDR’s New Deal
and the rise of the Communist threat all had bearing on the ways in which
black people organized and around which issues they chose to struggle.11
Robert O. Self’s essay “The Black Panther Party and the Long Civil
Rights Era” offers ample support for this position, at least as it pertains to
the Black Panther Party. According to Self, “the New Deal and the Cold
War produced the largest, most active and interventionist federal state in
American history, and in so doing radically remade American cities on the
one hand and the nation’s political culture on the other. These historical
developments represent the critical background to the rise of the Black
Panther Party.”12 The restructuring of U.S. cities profoundly changed the
way people lived and interacted. As African Americans migrated to
northern and western cities in unprecedented numbers during and after
World War II, whites began to move out into the suburbs. This “White
Flight,” coupled with codified residential segregation, sharply divided
people by both race and class. As whites with economic means moved out
Object Description
| Title | "As shelters against the cold": women writers of the Black Arts and Chicano movements, 1965-1978 |
| Author | Ryder, Ulli Kira |
| Author email | uryder@usc.edu; uryder@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | American Studies & Ethnicity |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-08-27 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 27 October 2010. |
| Date published | 2010-10-27 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | McKenna, Teresa |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Sanchez, George J. Johnson, Dana |
| Abstract | This dissertation examines the work of women writers in the Black Arts and Chicano movements during the years 1965-1978. I argue that understanding the intersectional nature of the women's experiences is crucial for understanding their literary output. Further, I argue that Chicanas and African American women of this era challenged homogenous notions of community and racial identity and that we can trace the development of the Third World feminism and multiculturalism that came to the fore in the 1980s to this earlier period. Thus, this study also impacts the way we conceptualize identity formation and the creation of the literary canon. Investigating the ways in which these women integrated nationalist and feminist rhetoric and activism in their work is crucial for a full understanding of this critical period in U.S. history. At stake is an understanding of how Chicana and African American women in the United States have formed identities and communities; struggled for liberation and equality; and become part of the U.S. literary canon. |
| Keyword | Black Power; Black Arts movement; Chicano movement; civil rights; racial identity formation; womanism; borderlands theory; feminism; Third World feminism; nationalism; intersectionality |
| Geographic subject (country) | USA |
| Coverage date | 1965/1978 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1698 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Ryder, Ulli Kira |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Ryder-2415 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume40/etd-Ryder-2415.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 23 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 18 era” allows us to understand the origins of both non-violent resistance a la Martin Luther King as well as the militancy of Malcolm X and Black Power more generally.10 Dating the modern civil rights movement from the 1930s and 1940s situates African Americans (and their liberation struggles) within major shifts in U.S. domestic and foreign policies of the earlier part of the twentieth century. The start of World War II, the Great Migration of black people to northern and western cities, FDR’s New Deal and the rise of the Communist threat all had bearing on the ways in which black people organized and around which issues they chose to struggle.11 Robert O. Self’s essay “The Black Panther Party and the Long Civil Rights Era” offers ample support for this position, at least as it pertains to the Black Panther Party. According to Self, “the New Deal and the Cold War produced the largest, most active and interventionist federal state in American history, and in so doing radically remade American cities on the one hand and the nation’s political culture on the other. These historical developments represent the critical background to the rise of the Black Panther Party.”12 The restructuring of U.S. cities profoundly changed the way people lived and interacted. As African Americans migrated to northern and western cities in unprecedented numbers during and after World War II, whites began to move out into the suburbs. This “White Flight,” coupled with codified residential segregation, sharply divided people by both race and class. As whites with economic means moved out |
