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109
5.4 Tapering Optical Fibers
Our group used standard Corning SMF28E™ single mode fiber with a 125Im outer
diameter and a 9Im core. The fiber was purchased from Fiber Instrument Sales Inc. and
came with a soft, removable jacket that was easily removed using conventional fiber
strippers. Before being placed in the tapering aparatus, the fiber was cleaned with
isopropyl alcohol and dried with a kimwipe to remove all particles from the fiber surface.
The fiber was then placed in v-grooves machined into two separate custom-made steel
plates and held in place by magnets. The v-groove plates were fixed to Newport UMR-
8.25 linear translation stages which provided the pulling motion. The linear stages were
translated with Newport UTL-HS closed-loop actuators and mounted on Newport 562-
XYZ three dimensional stages. The XYZ stages had to be aligned very precisely with
Newport SM-13 micrometers so that the fiber was both parallel to the optical table and
perpendicular to the flame. Misalignment of the XYZ stages guaranteed failure of the
tapering process by way of broken or mishapen tapers. An Arizona Hydrogen Inc. MG-
25 gas generator fed a 1/32 inch orifice torch with a 2:1 mixture of hydrogen and oxygen
that was produced from an electrolytic process using DI water and potassium hydroxide
(KOH). The flame was about 2mm in diameter and was oriented horizontally with
respect to the optical table. The temperature of the flame was estimated to be
approximately 3500°C, well above the melting point for silica. The position of the torch
was set by three independent Newport UMR8.25 linear stages. The flame’s position was
controlled manually using Newport SM-25 micrometers. The oscillation of the torch
along L0 was controlled by a Newport UTL-HS closed-loop actuator. A Mitutoyo
microscope was focused on the fiber from above and a CCD camera was mounted on the
Object Description
| Title | Silicon-based photonic crystal waveguides and couplers |
| Author | Farrell, Stephen G. |
| Author email | stephenf@usc.edu; sgfarrell@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Electrical Engineering |
| School | Viterbi School of Engineering |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-09-05 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-10-20 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | O'Brien, John D. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Dapkus, P. Daniel Steier, William Haas H., Stephan |
| Abstract | Most commercial photonics-related research and development efforts currently fall into one or both of the following technological sectors: silicon photonics and photonic integrated circuits. Silicon photonics [18] is the field concerned with assimilating photonic elements into the well-established CMOS VLSI architecture and IC manufacturing. The convergence of these technologies would be mutually advantageous: photonic devices could increase bus speeds and greatly improve chip-to-chip and board-to-board data rates, whereas photonics, as a field, would benefit from mature silicon manufacturing and economies of scale. On the other hand, those in the photonic integrated circuit sector seek to continue the miniaturization of photonic devices in an effort to obtain an appreciable share of the great windfall of profits that occur when manufacturing, packaging, and testing costs are substantially reduced by shrinking photonic elements to chip-scale dimensions. Integrated photonics companies may [12] or may not [34] incorporate silicon as the platform.; In this thesis, we seek to further develop a technology that has the potential to facilitate the forging of silicon photonics and photonic integrated circuits: photonic crystals on silicon-on-insulator substrates. We will first present a brief overview of photonic crystals and their physical properties. We will then detail a finely-tuned procedure for fabricating two-dimensional photonic crystal in the silicon-on-insulator material system. We will then examine transmission properties of our fabricated devices including propagation loss, group index dispersion, and coupling efficiency of directional couplers. Finally, we will present a description of a system for adiabatically tapering optical fibers and the results of using tapered fibers for efficiently coupling light into photonic crystal devices. |
| Keyword | photonics; photonic crystal; silicon; integrated photonics; SOI; optoelectronics; waveguides; couplers; optical fiber; tapered fiber; evanescent coupling; adiabaticity; silicon photonics |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1681 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Farrell, Stephen G. |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Farrell-2433 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume32/etd-Farrell-2433.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 120 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | 109 5.4 Tapering Optical Fibers Our group used standard Corning SMF28E™ single mode fiber with a 125Im outer diameter and a 9Im core. The fiber was purchased from Fiber Instrument Sales Inc. and came with a soft, removable jacket that was easily removed using conventional fiber strippers. Before being placed in the tapering aparatus, the fiber was cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and dried with a kimwipe to remove all particles from the fiber surface. The fiber was then placed in v-grooves machined into two separate custom-made steel plates and held in place by magnets. The v-groove plates were fixed to Newport UMR- 8.25 linear translation stages which provided the pulling motion. The linear stages were translated with Newport UTL-HS closed-loop actuators and mounted on Newport 562- XYZ three dimensional stages. The XYZ stages had to be aligned very precisely with Newport SM-13 micrometers so that the fiber was both parallel to the optical table and perpendicular to the flame. Misalignment of the XYZ stages guaranteed failure of the tapering process by way of broken or mishapen tapers. An Arizona Hydrogen Inc. MG- 25 gas generator fed a 1/32 inch orifice torch with a 2:1 mixture of hydrogen and oxygen that was produced from an electrolytic process using DI water and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The flame was about 2mm in diameter and was oriented horizontally with respect to the optical table. The temperature of the flame was estimated to be approximately 3500°C, well above the melting point for silica. The position of the torch was set by three independent Newport UMR8.25 linear stages. The flame’s position was controlled manually using Newport SM-25 micrometers. The oscillation of the torch along L0 was controlled by a Newport UTL-HS closed-loop actuator. A Mitutoyo microscope was focused on the fiber from above and a CCD camera was mounted on the |
