tMe constitution.
Great were the thoughts and strong the minds
.- Of those who framed in high debate.
The immortal league of love that biuds
Our fair broad Empire, State with State.
And deep the gladness of the hour,
When, as the auspicious ta-k was done,
la solemn trust, tbe sword of power
Was given to glory's spotless Bon.
The noble race is gone—the suns
Of Sixty years have risen and set;
But tbe bright, links, those chosen ones
So strongly forged, are brighter yet.
Wide as onr o l n free race increase—■
Wide shall extend the elastic chain,
And bind in tverlasting peace,
State alter State—a mighty train.
R. Moncton Milnes is a member ofthe British
Parliament and a poet, the author ofthe following lines:
SMALL THINGS.
A sense of an earnest will
To help the lowly living,
And a terrible heart-thrill,
If you have no power of giving •
An arm of aid io the weak,
A friendly hand to the friendless ;
Kind words so short to speak,
But whose echo is endless :
The world is wide—
These things are small,
Tbey may be nothing,
But they may be all.
What Pridk Costs.—An Illinois farmer, writing
to a Chicago paper about the expenses ofa settler.
says: " His living will vary according to the size i
of his family and their propensity to gratify pride,
which is always an expensive article anywhere."
Certainly, if it Is so costly, an affair on a prairie
farm, it is none the less costly in our Atlantic cities, which are full of the ruiu eaused by pride.
Thousands are annually beggared, and tens of thousands straightened iu circumstances by the same
■unholy pride. It is pride that makes the father
dress his daughter beyond his means. It is pride
that induces the mother to do the kitchen work
How Many have  Lived ana Died.
Scientific write*-s assert, though we canuot say
how correctly, "that the number of persons who
have existed amounts to 36,627,843,273,075,856.
These figures, when divided by 3,095,000—the
number of square leagues of land on the globe-
leave 11,320,689,732 square miles ofland, which
being divided as before, gives 3,313,622,076 persons toeach squaremile. Let us now reduce miles
to square rods, and the number will be 1,853,174,-
600,000, which, being divided as before, will give
1,233 inhabitants to each square rod, which,_being
reduced to feet, will give about five penfons to!
each square foot of terra flrma. Thus it will be
perceived that our earth is a vast cemeteap ; 1283
human beings lie buried on each square rod, scarcely sufficient for ten graves—each grave must contain 128 persons. Thus it is easy seen that the
whole surface of our globe has been AfiR over one
hundred and twenty-eight times to bury Ite dead !
How truthful the declaration of the poet!
" There's not a dust tbat floats ou air,
But once was living niftn.'^- .
The Mosaic account ofthe Creation, commonly
received, gives 5,855 yean* -ts ihe present age of
the inhabited world. It Kb_ thieve e.i'enlatlon
was correct, the number of deaths every yearsince
the birth of Adam must have averaged nearly six
hundred and twenty-five thousands Of millions1.
and there must have died every year, since the
creation of man, more that seventeen thousands of
millions of human beings! Now, the largest estimate of the whole population of the world, at the
present day, is less than a thousaud millions. It
follows by the computation of the above paragraph,
that a population as large as that which the world
now contains, must have died seventeen times a
day, every day, since Adam was first alone in the
Garden of Eden. The arithmeticians who favor
the world with their ''scientific" calculations,
forgot to consider how these multitudes were produced and reproduced, aud who buried the dead.
If the Mosaic account is meant to be rejected, we
should like to see the data for the scientific exposi-
h\\ jfraiukff ^torfonuiib.
SLOAN,   HARTMAi\  &   BLOOD,
ATTORNEYS   AT   LAW,
San J?j'ai.cI--CO.
Offi c e—SOUTH-WEST CORNER MONTGOMERY AND
CO.iMl-'.l'CIAL STREETS—En tranee on Commercial.
Particular a j (tuition <;ivi-n to business ia the Supreme
Court of this State, and the TJ  S. Courts. ju7—3m
gait J'taudsrcT ^bhtrlisf mtitl.. j -gait Jfra_.is.fl j-.krlistintiil..
Clothing!   Clothing!!
JENNINGS   &   BREWSTER,
Manufacturers and Jobbers of Clothing,
No.  TS) Battery Street,
SAN FRANCISCO,
WOULD respectfully cull the att.niitm of hnvers to
their Ian., and w.ll _._s_i-t(-_ titock ot SPRING A"N1!
SUMMER CLOT!! _NG, c.Ht_ist.ini. oh--
PANTS.
New style, plain anil fancy caps. Pants ;
New . tyles plain and laucy satinet Pants ;
Black Doeskin and _-__imev_ Pants ;
Assorted K.-ntiH'ky .lean Pants ;
Linen duck and drill pants.
VESTS.
White and check Marseilles Vests ;
Plain and Fancy cassimere Vests ;
Plain and F.uir.y ..ilk vests ;
SUITS.
Plain and fancy cits .im.re l.usiiios . Suits ;
Plain and check linen Business Suits :
COATS.
Black cloth Frock Coats ;
DRAWERS AND SHIRTS.
Gray ami While Merino Shirt, and Drawers
Hickory, Check ami Flannel Shirts.
OVERALLS AND SOCKS.
Denim Jumpers and Overalls ;
Cotton, Melius, ami Wool bocks,
HATS, BLANKETS, &c.
In ad. ition to the above, we have a fine assortment of
Goods -reuerally kept in our line. ju7—-.ra
J. M. Strobridge & Co.,
WHOLESALE AND  RETAIL
CLOTHING  EMPOKITJM,
CORNER OF
COMMERCIAL AND SANSOME STREETS,
Under St. MleUola- Hotel,
'     *     ' - SAN FRAArCISCO,
        nlslilng
Goods
FFER the largest and most complet
4) lo til In g   antl   G .lillcrnt-ii
or opened
    • su'iunei from our Manufactory in New York,
The Latest and most Fashionable Styles
ofall kind, of I
*__ <_$*_*__.& -fe.W&Vi
.—oonsistiu^ot'—
Fine, Black, Brown a__ Blue Dress and Frock Coats;
Fine end Heavy Beaver Overcoats; ■
Talmas ol'every description ;  ,
Fine and Heavy Freneli ami Ameilt-sin Cassimere Pants;
Fine Clack and Fancy Silk Velvet, Satin and  Cloth Vests;
Heavy Ribbed C:i_sim_r_ and Ch>lh l.tusines.. Suits,  etc.
Also, a large assortment of Hats  and  Caps constantly
on hand.
Fine White and Check I.i nun and Cotton Shirts:
Fine Silk, Merino an! Cotton Undershirts and Drawers;
Scarfs, Cravats   Keek Tics, Sus-i.nders;
Collars, llsuiilkcrelnels. Cloves;
English, Merino and Cotton Half Hose, etc.,    '
CLOTHS! CASSIMERS! TAILOR'S TRIMMINGSi
And Billiard Cloths !
I BEG leave to inform the public in general that
I lteep constantly on hand a complete and well
assorted stock of
Clotlis, Cassimers, Tailor _ Trlmwilrigs, Billiard
Cloths, Velvets antl Vestlngs
of all descriptions.
Importing all these articles only from the mo. t
prominent European Factories, I am able to satisfy all reasonable demands. I am willing to sell
in quantities to suit, and soliciting orders I guarantee tbey will be executed faithfully and with
despatch. A. L. BLUMENTHAL.
San Francisco, Sacramento street, 1_2, between
Kearny and Montgomery. auglG 3m
Everything
-ctcd  '
Uli .,
Drugs   and   Medicines,
__=t©c3Lixx__,"to--X t*.   -Oo.,
114 Battery Street,
SAJV FRANCISCO,
OFFER for sale, Ex "Darling," ''Tornado," and "Re
porter
Gentlemen's  Furnishing  Goods
constantly on hand.
A large and complete assortment of
Suininer G-oot-lis
now opening and ready for sale..
Our stock consisting of over $100,000, wo invite'all, e;
peclally strangers visiting the city, to c
"ire making their purelias.es, as  we ,_a
an please in price and quality.
San F_ano._oo, May Hi, i860. _^^^
that Mary Ann may set in the parlor and  prac- tion of the age to which the world must be carried,
tice music.    It is pride that leads families to in order, upon any law of progress such as we
live in houses finer than they can afford, to give
showy parties, to waste the surplus of tbeir income in a summer excursion. It is pride that
has French mirrors, French china, French laces,
and French knick-knackeries of every sort. It IB
pride, in short, that is at the root of half the extravagance of this age. Truly did the wise man
Bay: "Pride goeth before destruction." Embarrassment and ruin are what pride costs.
■  Hi<tP"i-'
Intelligence: of a Deaf Mute.—A pupil ofthe
Abbe Sicard gave the following extraordinary answers : " What is hope ?" " Hope is the blossom of
happiness." " What is the difference between
hope and desire?" " Desire is a tree.in leaf; hope
is a tree in the flower, and enjoyment is a tree in
fruit." "What is eternity?" "A day without
yesterday or to-morrow ; a line that has uo ends
" What is time ?" " A line that has two ends;
path that begins at the cradle and ends in the
tomb." -' What is God ?" " The necessary being,
the sun of eternity, the mechanist.' of nature, the
eye of justice, the watchmaker of the universe, tbe
soul of the world."   " Does God reason ?"   " Mau
■.luea.    Kxuu _.■_______. -ill ; be  kd'dws   till lihng_"
he never doubts ; therefore he never reasons/'
HAnt Worms.—Browne's Trichologia, in speak,
ing of the popular opinion that a hair from the
mane or tail of a horse will turn into a worm, ii
exposed iu a stagnant pond to the heat of the sun
says :
"Hair that has become separated from the body
ofthe animal never acquires a distinct life. It
has been supposed tbat a hair, laid for some time
in a pool or stream oi water, is transformed into s
worm; but this is a popular error. It will ap
pear to be animated ; but that is owing to animal
culae with which it becomes invested. There is
an annelida called the hair-worm, which is found
in stagnant pools, and this name has probably aided in propagating this error. Such a transmigra
tion as a hair of a mammalia into a worm, which
belongs to another class of animals, is unnatural
and should not obtain credence except upon posi
tive testimony."
         mm I l . mm	
Joshua Sylvester, a puritanical writer in th <
days of Queen Elizabeth, wrote a poem against
tobacco, the title of wbich was, " tobacco battered
and the pipes shattered about tbeir ears that idly
idolize so loathsome a vanity, by a volley of holy
shot thundered from Mount Helicon.'
A foreman in a printing office, who thou -lit it
would be a good idea to employ girls as compost
tors, went out to look some up.    Meeting an hon
est mechanic, he said,.'-"Mr. , have you   am
girls who would makes good typesetters V7   " No
air," said , "but I have a wife ""who  woulc
make an extra good devil.'"
The Bishop of Oxford has sent round to tin
church-wardens in his diocese a circular -making
certain enquiries, among which was -'.Does thi
officiiil,in_. e!e*-gvmiu. pr.jtc*. fie G sp<*l. and ■>
his cos-v . ,t.__ and t-ssrn.iLi'e consist...nt then!
with'''' A -ditn'ch-wti-d.-si. near Wallingford, replied "he preaches tne gospel, but only keeps a
gig?'
What is the difteronce between a butcher and
a gay young lady? The former kills to dress,
aud the latter dresses to kill.
What's in a Nam.;.—The greatest English philosopher was Bacon ; one of the finest Scotch poet?
Hogg; and one of lhe pleasautestBritish essayist
Lamb!
"What," said a lady, " do you think of platou-
ic lovc?'! "Madam,"   said the  gentleman,
like all other tonics—very exciting."
The mau who "couldn't stand it any longer.':
has taken a seat, and now feels quite comfortable
Chinese in San Francisco worship wooden gods :
the Americans there worship g_i._._-*. ones. That's
all tbe difference !
An afflicted husband was returning from the
funeral ofhis wife, when a friend asked him how
he was. " WeU.1' said h. pathetically, "I think
I feel better for that little walk.''
Some lady or gentleman has written the following to a  newspaper down east, which  applies to
any locality whore men wear hair :
Kit hates moustacites : " so much hair
Makes every man look like a bear ;"
But Fanny, who no thought can   fetter.
Blurts out, "the more like bears the better:
Because," her pretty shoulders shrugging,
" Bears are such glorious chaps for hugging"
know of, to have produced these infinite millions,
which must have long since been converted, not
into the dust beneath our feet, but into impalpa-'
ble ga.ses, pervading all nature, and entering into
millions of new combinations of life and organism.
'■ tt is
Tartaric  A.cid
Castor Oil
Sulphur
Bay Bum
Jamaica Ginger
Calabrica Liquorice
Fresh Hop*. In Bales
« it     w pape_s
Io tide Potass
Adhesive Plaster
Sulphurate Morphine
Shaker's Herbs
Oil nergamOi_.t
C:.s 0-:s,an___
Oil Lemon
Oil Rose
Oil Sassafras
Jayne's Medicines
(Irai'enlievg MedH-im
Sand's Sarsaparilla
Towusend's Sar.ara
Ball's Sarsaparilla
Shaker's Sarsaparilla
Mustang Liniment
Lyon's I.'lea Powder
Brown's Essence Ginge
Barry's Tricopherous
Isinglass
Irish "
11a
Whit
(lias
Fast men like fast rivers, are generally the
shallowest.
Why are fowls the most economical things farmers keep ? Because, for every grain of corn, they
give a peck!
A hotel keeper lu Boston, boards lovers for two
dollars a week less than he charges other folks-
There is philosophy in tbis. . Love is very ethe-
rialinits nature and can live on moon-beams.
"The most solemn of birds" says an ancient
proverb, " is an owl; the most solmen of fishes an
oyster; the most solemn of beasts an assj the
most solemn of men, an ass also."
Men are like bugles—the more brass they contain the farther you can hear them. Women are
like tulips—tbe more modest and retired they appear, the better you love them.
_ai1_'l^'eoVsj__tt'Vu5?,'-i. ^hs^^^F^S^m^f^T^
black silk handkerchief thrown over the afflicted
person will restore them immediately.
A doctor and lawyer getting into a dispute about
precedence, referred the matter to Diogenes, who
decided in favor of the lawyer in the following
words,—" Let the theif go before and the executioner follow."
What is the difference between an auctioneer
and sea sickness?
One is the. sale of effects, the other the effects of
a ^^^^
And why do physicians have a greater horror of
the sea than anybody else?
Because they are more likely to sea sickness.
'.' Why did Joseph's brethren cast him into the
pit?" asked a Sabbath-school teacher of his class.
"Because," replied one young lady, "they
thought it a good opening for a young man."
The bachelors  of Cleveland are an ungallant
set of fellows. At their annual supper a few nights
ago, tbe following was the seventh regular toast
" Our future wives—Distance lends enchantment
to the view."
"I am going to draw this beau into a knot," as
the lady said when standing at the hymenial altar.
Dick's wife opened a box one morning and found
a dead mouse in it, also a Honiton iace collar half
eaten up.
ji What an ill-mannered little beast," said she,
" Not at all!" answered Dick, "it's ultra fash*
onable in its manners— laced to death!"
Timtoe atiended a party one evening where
some one read Hiawatha aloud. Asked next day
his opinion ofthe ie-union ofthe night before, he
said, "It was a savage literary feast, a kind of
Indian Meal affair, you know!"
Tying a mackerel to your coat-tail, and imagining yourself a whale, is one ofthe first lessons in
codfish arirtocracy.
" Mind, John," said a father to his son, "If you
go out into the yard you will wish you had stayed
in the house." "Well, if I stay in the bouse, I
shall wish I was out in the yard ; so where is th'
difference, dad?"
An Aktist.—At the Broadway Theatre/the othe
evening, one gentleman pointed out a dandified
individual to his friends as a sculptor. " What,"
said his friend, "such a looking chap as that
sculptor. Surely you must be mistaken." " He
may not be the kind of one you mean.'' said the
informant, " but I know that he chiseled a tailor
out ofa suit of clothes last week."
A wag proposes to publish a new paper, to be
called the Come.., with an original tale every week.
A person listening to a dull address remarked
that everything went well, especially the audience-
First   class in Natural Philosophy' stand up.
What's attraction?"
" Please, Sir, I know—the look that a blue-eyed
tl gives her lover."
" Right.   Now tell me what inertia is."
Inertia, Sir, is a desire to remain where you are
—a feeling a. piece of calico experiences when
ieauing against a canary colored vest."
Yell.-       	
Epsom Salts
Potash
Borax .
Together with a full assortment  of Brags and Medicines, comprising every article required hv tlie trade.
BEDINGT ON SCO.,
Wholesale Druggists,
ju7___ . .an Francisco,
trselves w
my 24'3m
The Eyes !   The Eyes !
_Dr- ______ 3BC- __=»_A_n.I>_E_S_E_:,
OCULIST.
AFTER a protracted hlindness of more than five years
Ur. Pardee lias made himself thoniuf-lily anil ficie_ti'-
tieally acquainted with all the disorders of the EVE a*.,}
is _ ow practising, with universal success the same treatment hy which he was cured
A Word of Caution.—Tho eye ishy far tnop-_ _._.„_
and delicate an organ to he trilled with or made th. subject ot random experiments, therefore, it would be exceedingly unwise and perhaps dangerous to accept any
ofthe " never tailing cures" that are tendered bjtlte
mistaken kindness ol' all around, for every one oilers a
specHic. for diseases of the eye.
g£g- Many patients can be seen at tho office of Dr. T:.r-
tlee, in dilfereut stages of recovery.
OFFICE—San Francisco, west of the Plaza, opposite the
old Post Office; one door north ol the Portsmouth House
up stairs. ju7—S_Di  '
\IP02? Sale,
BY  THE  CASK  OK   PACKAGE,
In quantities to suit,
LONG BILL PAPER, LKGAL CAP, LETTl.R PAPER, INK,
BROAD BILL PAPER. rt'Ol.St'AI*, MOTE I'AI'ER, PENCILS, BLANK BOOKS, W___*____5_ Kc., _toi
Noisy Carriers Book and Stationery Co.,
87 Battery st.  and 0„ and OS Long Wharf, __m Francisco,
y8—Sm C. P. KIMBALL, President.
OFFICIAL raitliCTORY.
Travellers ! Hevt'are ot tlie Impositions of HncSk
Drivers, Runners! „;e.
ALL PERSONS AKBIVING  IN SAN FKANCISCO A_I>
We are curious to know how many feet in female arithmetic go. to a mile j because we never
met with a lady. _ foot j el, whose shoe was not, to
say the least, " a mile too big for her."
Drugs, Medic'nes,
Perfumery, Fancy Articles,   &C,
Crowell, Crane & Brigham,
(Late E. Cierwell Sf Co..)
IMFORTsatS OF FOKHON AND DOMESTIC
DRUGS, CHEMICALS, DYES, PATENT MEDI
cines, Perfumery, Fancy Articles, &c,
131 COMMERCIAL STREET, (LONG WHARF,)
San Francisco.
OUR assortment now is the largest on the Pacific Coast
It 1ms been selected with  srreat  care by  one of cu
firm, who resides in the En   ' 	
receipt, lu- ovevy stkajikk a
lie. t quality, which we will
end at the lowest r
any other house in
at the lowest
oods of the a
better with
Druggists, Chemists, & Assayers1
' C_^X_X'S-3-_"V_7"£tX"0, d3C,
T-w.-.UCCIs.T-'' tlLA^WAHK! II R li C G I STS' GLASS-
. ._S_vtiji.i._ !■____, im-Kdip jsoitles. "Castor Oil Bollfes
Cologne Bottles. Tincture. Bottles. Sample Bol tics. Sal
Mouth Bottles. Counter Jars, Show Jars, leech Jars.Mor
tars and Pestles, Graduates' Funnels, S--rint.es, Corks
Twine, etc., etc.. enil.r_.__..; every article in tlte line.
Iu store and for sale fey
JOHN TAYLOR, 132 TV
_u
i Fr
CHEMISTS'   AND   AS**A\ EKS'   GLASi-WAKE,    fee—1'e
recent   arrivals,   Crucibl-B,   Evaroratiii.;   Dishes, R<
torts, Receivers. Mat trasses Tnbeim,. Test Tubes, Annea
in-; Cups. Acid i.Stitiles, Syphons, Funnels, etc., etc.
In store and for sole by
JOHN TAYLOR, 132 Washington street,
im-
s
Ji.)A STOCK!   SODA STUCK :—slot-tie:., .wiue,  -liar
j Dust, Corks, Acid, Whiting, Oils, etc.
In store and for sale by
JOHN TAYLOR, 133 Washington street,
je.7—3m Sau Francisco
PERFUMERY, FANCY ARTICLES, _._.—Ji__t :
fine assortment of Perfumery, from the
factory of M. Bozin, Philadeltibia, selected exj
this market. JffifcSf
Also, a fine assortment of Combs, Brushes and Fancy
Articles tronerallv. For sale by
JOHN TAYLOR, 132 Wasliington street.
,ju7—3m Sau Francisco.
D__il   WIRE   WOEKS.
MANUFACTORY OF
Wire Cloth, Wire Netting,
Sand,  Wheat, Corn and Coal Screens, Sieves
Bird Cage1', Fenders and Fire Guards,
Meat Safes, Dish Covers, Patent
Gauze  Window Blinds,
Wire Fencing, SfC.
No. 108 CLAY STREET,
BETWEEMBATTERYAJVD SAJVSOME,
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Particular Attention given to the Manujaclure
—of—
PREMIUM WIRE  CLOTH,
For Flour   and  Fanning  Mills   and   Threshing
jt_7—3m Machines.
Xj.   3P_  .PISHE-Ii'S
ADVERTISING    AGENCY,
Iron Building, opposite Pacific Express  Com
pany's  Office, up stairs,
SAN FRANCISCO.
ADVERTISEMENTS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS solicited for
the following named papers:
Sacramento Union. Yreka Union,
San  Joaquin  Republican      Weaverville Democrat,
[Stockton.] Iowa Hill News,
Marysville Herald, Volcano Ledger,
Nevada Journal, San Jose Telegraph,
Grass Val'ey Telegraph, Petaluma Journal,
Sonora Herald, California Farmer,
Columbia Gazette, Los AngelesSta,., [Los An
Mountain Democrat,   [Pla-      geles,]
cerville,] Santa Barbara Gazette,
Calaveras Chronicle, [Mok.   San Diego Herald,
Hill,] Vallejo Bulletin,
Sha-iaCourier, Leader, [Oakland,]
Empire Argus, [Coloma,]       Humboldt Times,
I'ljirjSi
;ett«
Oriental, [Chinese and English,] San Francisco,
Oregon ia n. ['Portland Oregon Territory,]
Oregon Statesman, [Salem. Oregon Territory,]
Piom-er an I Hemocrat.  (Olympia, Puget Sound, W. T.]
.. Puget Sound Courier, [Steilacoom, Puget Sound, W. T.]
Polynesian, [Honolulu. Sandwich Islands.]
Advertising In th. Atlantic States.
_.. P. F." Will also attend to forwarding advertisements
to papers published in any portion of the Atlantic States
ju7—tf
SEWING MACHINES.
GK0VEK, BAKER & CO.'S PATENT.
THE undersigned has on hand and is constantly receivings supply of the above superior machines, togetli*
er with duplicate parts, Needles, Thread, &c., which he
will sell at reasonable rates.
-T. B.    Machines repaired nod warranted.
S. 0- BRIGHAM, Sole Agent.
For California. Oregon, and the entire Pat-illc Coast,
Office, Sansome street, near Calilornia,
ju7—3m opposite Tehama House, San Francisco.. ■
8RE  CAUTIONED
Me.
_!__
.50 c
nt*
In addition to a large number of Rooms, having from
wo to three beds in each,  there is also 100 wyll Bilil"    *
nd neatly furnished  single  Bed KOOms.     The  Beds
tted up with springs and  the best curled Iiair inatr.
hereby making this the best house in the city.
Lodging j»ci Wcc-E $*-, 3i__, 6 OO
J_o«li,iiigp._* KiglU 50c, 35, SI OO
'  JJiir FREE BATHS ~__s;
The What Cheer House sends to the Boats an esi
,-agon. with Ihe nanio of the house on it, for the pur
f carrying passengers and Ila.'g.-'ge Free ! Tbepropri
,-ishing it understood that alf others act without autl
}-tf
R. B. WOODWAHD, Propriety
Los que Padezcan! Lean!! Lean!!!
UNITED STATES OFFICERS.'
United States District. Court for the Southern
District of California:
I. S. -C Ofi-Jet. Judge? P. Ord, District Atser-
oey ; C. E. Carr, OlerK ; E. Hunter, Marsha),
United States Land Office for the Southern District of  California :
Andres Fico, Receiver j H. P. Dorsey, Register.
United Stales Court of Claims : ■
C. E. Carr, Commissioner.
Customs Department—(San Pedro).
Collector—Col. Isaac Williams; Deputy—J, F.
Stephens.
Postmasters :.
J. S. Waite, Eos AngeleB.
G. C. Alexander, San Pedro.
Thomas Burdick, San Gabriel.
Ira Thompson, Monte.
First Judicial District, comprising the counties oj
Los Angeles, San Bernardiao and Sati Diego.
First Dlstxic. Court.-—Judge—Benj. Hayes.
COUNTY   OFFICERS.
County Conrt—Wm. G. Dryden, Judge.
Associate Judges—James F, Burns and C. O.
Cunningham.
Sberirt—C.E.Hale; Under Shcrift—W. H.Peterson ; Deputy—J. J. Myers.
County Treasurer—H. N. Alexander.
County Assessor—Antonio F. Coronel; Deputy
J. II. Coleman.
County Surveyor—H. Hancock.
Public Administrator—M. Keller.
Superintendent of Public Schools—James F.
Bums.
District Attorney—C. E. Thorn.
Coroner—L. II. Snead.
County Clerk—John W. Shore ; Deputy—J. A.
Hindi m an.
Jailer—Francis Carpenter.
Board of Supervisor.—Thos. Burdick. Chairman ; David Lewis, John Forster, Jas. R. Barton,
Christobal Aguilar.
Los Angeles—Justices ofthe Peace— Alt-sunder
Gibson. Russell Sackett. Constables—Ma__ 1).
Bruadige, W. W. Jenkins.
CITY   OFFICERS. *
Mayor—Stephen 0. Foster.
City Marshal— tv. C. German ; Deputy—Ely
Smith.
City Treasurer—Samuel Ailnickle.
City Assessor—\V. II. Peterson.
City Attorn-y—C. E. Thorn.
City Council—M. R.cjuena. N. Potter. Tgoacio
del Valle. E. Drown, J. G. Downey, Ira Gilchrist
A. Ulyard.
SAN BI-RNAKllINO COUNTY.
Couniy Judge—D. M.   Thomas.
County Tre-.isui er—Samuel Rolfe.
County Assessor- Jamt? Henry Rollins.
Couniy Surveyor—Alyin Stoddard.
Public Administrator—Addison Pratt.
Superintendent Pub ic Schools—II. Skinner.
District Attorney—Ellis Eame&
Coroner—Wm. Cox.
Couuty Clerk—R. I.. Hopkins.
Sheriff— Rotor! Cliff.
Supervi.-oi>-—L. Roubideaux. N. Taylor. Wm.
Cox.
EL GRAN KEMEDIO ITALIANO
DE DE. PAEEIKA,
Para la cierta y eficaz cura de las infertitedadfii
de una naturaleza prioada, sin hacer cuso del
tiempo que se ha durado y sin malos efeclos al
sistema o sin pouerse en dieta.
Siinenscna f-iltiuto—"TVI puede faltj. a Ciirar.
>DUCID(
fee bk-n
ESTE   ESPECinCO   INVALUABLE FUE INTRODUCIDO
hace cincuentet anos
iea e
solai
^^^^^^^^^^^^ Pisa,y pronto desp..
coiiocislo para una cura cierta  (-tie en los  pueblo:
nte en t'l Contineute, poro tambien en Gran
:inanda por ella y sus meritos tan rec
— J- " stroduccion. fue
.     Las faeulfaiies de
Bretaii:
■ios que e .	
do en lugar de todos otros rem.
medieina de Jas ciudades prim
medades.   Proprietaries de otrab _,._v,u
popular id ad que  vian   en vnno detenerlo-       ^^
Como el tTigo delante el segiivdor,  sus esfnerzos caiyeron
«' cuelo, y como el luego es*  los llanos llevando fodo por
*-*-    "-' " " 'unfo.   Se quedo eusus meri-
vid probii y fue couviuci-io
poder sobre enfer-
eelosos de su
a pregreso.
delante, su marcha fue un
tos, y un publico decer
de sus magicas virtudei
ta de ello
tuna adquerido por Dr.
-_.-.„. ia preparo
Pareira de I
olo nteslirjui
per
Al fallccimiento del Doctor lo reccta fue heredada __ _
su hijo, quien recienli'intsnte Io ha iutrodueido en los Es-
tados Unities- El ntimero ,ie las curas -que se ha becho c*
- .unbrozo.    Miles y miles pueden dar testimonio de su
ere-
Todos lojs que is
medieina
  i, Io Curnraii ! ! I
uridad. despacho y' a cierto que nmgu
( poseida.
No  tomas falsas   nostrums.
Use un remedio que ha sido pro.ado  por  los   cincuenta
ios pasados y que no se lia faltado.
GUARDANSE DE I'WUSAS Al'ARIENCIAS-
La venta tan esten.siva do e.tso asombr.t/a medieina, ha
.usado ya persona, a vender a Ios candid.s una composi-
"*" :"   con aparieneias a la original. No compra sin
tadeA. Pareira-M. D. euel evoltoriodeafuera
daboteVta.    Todos Ios domas son falsos,  -   *-<-_.
la Iin
■i Tj-ii-;.-
ck, el u
.ran castigado.-- ..1 estremo rigor ile la ley. .   Pre-
PEEOS LA BOTELLA.     Para vender por D. Bab-
ntepara CalLornia, "        .     _ .      .
INFORMATION WANTED.
ANY PERSON being able to. give information
of Mr. A. F. C. Horn, a citizen of Havana,- or
his where.-bouts, will confer a great fa?or on his
family, in calling at the office of
ALEXANDERS & BANNING.
Los Angeles, June 28, 1856 6w
 /la. Ish
os orneues ban   de estar dirijidos.
or Drogneros de este Estado gener-
to liberal para los que compran poi
mayor.
D. BA1ICOCK. Droguero_Mt!vorT
1_. Calle tie Clay Si.-n Kraiiclsco.
Tambien para vender por    . ■ J. B. WINSTON,
  -   Dr'ogerero Los Angeles.
Llsta de Agentts cn cl E.tiulo.
Dr. J. B. WINSTON. Los Angeles.
R. K. STARK WEATHER,  I.ot''ca de lu Ciudad. Sacramento.
RICE, COI-TLN- Y CA.,Boticarios Marysville. '
W. II. BRUNER. Botha de Tuolumne, Sonora
BENJ. . HCRV.I.HF1', Boiica de Shasla, Shasta.
CHILD i. WORTI'IEN,     " '   "" Placorvtile, ITaccrvillo.
JUSTIN GATItS. Jr. Ciudsid do Sacramento. '
Dr. R. Vf, CARR, Downierille.
Dr. JOHN LARK, Nevada. ' ■
Dr. W. H-. GATLIFF, Yreka.
WHALEY k. MORSE, San Diego.
GEORGE L. STORY, Portland O. Tj
£jy26.r_i
Tlie I_;iav of fVewspapers,
1. Subscribers who do not give express noiice
o llie contrary, are considered as wishing to continue their subscription.
2. Ifsubscribcrs order their papers di* eon tinned.
Publishers may continue to send Ihem until all
charges are paid.
3. If subscribers neglect or refuse to take their
papers Irom the office or place to which tiny arc
sent, they are held responsible until they set lie
their account, and give notice to discontinue them.
-I. Ii subscribers remove to other places without
informing the Publishers, and the paper is sent to
the former direction, they are held responsible
5. The Courts have decided that refusing to take
a paper or periodical from the office, 01 removing
and leaving it uncalled t'ov,\sprima facia evidence
of intentional fraud.
Postmasters would oblige, by a strict fulfillment
ofthe regulations requiring Hi em to notify Publishers, ouee iu three months, of papers not taken
from their office by subscribers.
Distances.
The following table of distances was measured
with a viameter, by Capt. Warner, ofthe U_
S. Topographical Engineers, in the summer
of 18-18 :—
From Saii Francisco to Mission Dolores. .2. miles_
Sanchez Iiiincb....
..17
San Maleo	
...21
.-._
San Jose	
...51
7fl
-14
Salinas riTer	
..113
Monterey	
..125
Mission Soledad   ..
..166
Ojitoa	
..266
San Miguel	
237
..258
Sanla Margarita..
.265'
San'Luis, Obispo..
..276
Capt. Dana's	
..299
.321
MO
Gaviota Pass	
..352
.359
..370
.'187
Carpent, rio	
39ft
.402
Santa Clata river.
..421
Ca,,e_„ ■'.
.475
.504
.515
.535
San Joan Capistran,
,.542
Los Floros	
.562
San Luis Rey	
573
.6121
nmit
VOL. VI.
LOS   ANGELES,   CAL.,   SATURDAY,   SEPTEMBER   0,   1856.
30.17,.
Co0 ^.ngcl_0 Stat*:
PUBLISHED  EVEItT  SATURDAY  M0I.NINQ,
At Celis' Building,   Main Street,   Loa Angeles,
(Opposite Bella Union Hotel,)
BY   H.   HA_.IIL.TON.
TERMS:
Subscription, per annum, in advance. .$5 00
EoT-Six Months,  3 00
Eor Three Months  2 00
Single Number    0 25
Advertisements ingerte at T"vvoDollars per square
of ten liuea, for the first insertion ; and One
Dollar per-square for each subsequent insertion.
A liberal deduction made to Yearly Advertiser*..
AuiflXT...-—The following gentlemen are authorized Agents for the Star ;
business Ciir.s.
i rn..
L. P. Fi.
F. D. Hall	
Me-*_r_. Kxox .„. Wuistlkr,.
Col. I-tA TsD__._oh	
N. (Jaws	
JddoeI.. A. Thomas	
L. M. Jaoohs	
...Sit- _Ya_ci__o.
,. .San Gabriel.
,.. Afonie.
... Santa Barbara.
,. .San Bernardino.
,.San Diego.
WELLS, FAItGO & CO'S
_e_ _s_ _? _=_ __; £» s.
A   Joint .St_>_l_ Company with  a capital ot
THOM & SIMS,
Attorneys and Counsellors at Law.
OFFICE—ON MAIN STREET,
(Opposite tbe Bella Union Hotel.) unT
_ro_bL___L  ~\rWm   Slaore,
COUNTY CLERK.
_. ees    j>nyaul_    lnvarl-i _>Iy   In    advance.
X>._c_  Carter,
OFFICE   AND   DRUG    STORE
LOS ABISELES   STItEET,
Adjoining Keller's Store.
_ha„. H. JoiiN.o;
JOHNSON
H. S. .
& ALLANSON
Alexander   i£   MellnS,
-WlioIcMalc  and  Retail Oea.cr*.  In   GEUERAL
l_tX_ROHA.N0__.__!-
MAIN STREET. Los Angeles. nn7
W
___T_ dUpatch a
$900,000,
n  l'-.vjires_  from  the  City of
very Steamer, to all parti   of  Cali-
tioStates and Europe,  in  charge
•of regular anil esperieiiceJ  Mc.-sHcngers,
tETTERS.PAROELS, PACKAGES ind'TREASUaE
ret.el-*ed and conveyed to destination with sarety and dispatch, Collections made, Orders and Commissions filled,
4_nd.,ll bu-iin-ss pertaining to an Express ami forwarding
btiiiness. attended to witb promptness and care.
Sight bill-iofyxcliaiis-e procured on all tlie principal cities
of tbe Atlantic •Slate-!, Oregon and Europe.
u,_7 li.  N.   ALEXANDEt.,   AiJKST.
PACIFIC EXPRESS COMPANY.
^_^
THE ui
of the "
COMi'AN
aot
...patchby s.
Special ilij-Si
icnger, to
SANTA BARBARA,
SAN' LUIS OBISPO,
MONTEREY,
SAN FRANCISCO, and
All parts of Northern and Southern Mines,
—also—
Oregon,   __tlai_t_p  States   and   Europe.
COLLECTION'S made in all of the above named places.
TR__..UUE,  1'AltCEL.,   PACKAGES and  LETTERS  fot
lK'.A. _■. purchased in  Sau  Francisco  on  the  Atlanti
SOLOMON   LAZARD,
'IMPORTER,
, And Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
French*,    English   and   American
Dry Goods.
Corner of Melius Row, Los Angeles.       aug 9
AUG. W. THIS.
Forwarding and Com miss ion Merchant,
San Pedro asd Los Angeles, Cal.,
un7 II. READ, Agent,  I,os  A_lge__K-
_______    CSr.   T=TA.T_X__
IMPOBTEB ANI) DEALKK IN
Klank   IIoolcs,  Stniile   and  fancy   Stationery
Wi-ltiiig Paper, &c. 6ic.
Corner of Front and Commercial Streets,
SAN FRANCISCO.
Auent-tt 9, 1856. „m
Pa
i paid to the forwarding ofGold Du.t
tc, raceivedup to tbe litest moment
at lull
JOS. A. FORT. A-«nt.
tirapc Bases and Sawdust.
INJEitSIGMEO   HAS   MADE ARIL-NGEMi.STS
((table   m_teri;tl, and dry S
a had fro
mdtotely,
NBVST   ESTABLISHMENT.
Cibinat Miking- Upholstering and
VX DEBT
v it i rv •_..
riber would i
Hotel,
nt, at hi»
lte._ States   H-'tc  ,
lonable I
The tJaKlertaking Business
1 receive tlw strictest attention, as he will endei
:p '.„ iiai.d COi-TLW.   of every Btyle.     ""
The Cheerful Heart.
Some deem tlie world a, dr.tiry. place,
Devoid oi all redeeming merit..,
But oh it, wears p.nother (ace
To cbeerl'al and contented spirit. I
Wliy ever dim joy's brig-liLe.t rays,
By gloomy fears of coming sorrows?
I always client the cloudy days
Witii hopeful th-lights ot happier morrows.
'Tis true ihat " all,tilings bright must fade "—
That autumn's stern resistless powers,
With chilling wind und Ireezitig shade,
Will blast the leavs aud blight the flowers—
For the departed summer's prime
Let other hearts be vainly yearning,
But through the sorrows of winter time,
1 gladly watch for its returning.
ery day
ch its pleasures,
» SCrI_e tt,.'
II,
\v.
have rsoeiM
If.,'
Miitu
.11 QOoDEStJ*
Ron
ol P,
,r.-iae were
liilc
d  i
of tl,
e fairest and ,
t_ 0
_lyallt_l.-l»
tha
ques.
U'as that Gen
.   A!
p„po
r woulil not fo
thoy
would collect
and
«. Ell
a," the ariiel
IF8-&, 1 x>~%?x Emerson
GIVES NOTICE TO THE RANCHEROS AND
Butchers ol this viciniiy that In. will give the
highest price for Hide*., Calf, Sheep, and Goat
Skins, and for V. dol.
jj_&~ Liberal advances made on contracts for
the coming clip of Wool.
XjXJ2__C___3_H_Jt:__,
A general assortment of Red wood and Pine
Lumber, lor sale at the Lumber Yard on Alumeda
street, uoar Aliso street.
Oflice—-Aim ecta Struct- one door from tlte cor-
JUST  KECIHVKD,
NEW   SP1UNG  GOODS.
Rich, Newmark 61  Co.,
CO_VIMEl-ClAl_    STREET,
TTrOULD rrj.p .ctfullv inl'.,riii tliuir friendi and tiie pub-
VV   lie generally, that tb.y ha. *■ -    '   *-'   --
'Tis true life's sorrows et
Seem almost to outwei
And death full often steals away
The trusting heart's most cheerful treasures
Let others mourn One dear one less,
And wildly weep o't*r licart-striugs riven,
I'd only joy that I posses.
Another loving friend iu heaven !
'Tis true the friends are sadly few
On whom we lean with trust unshaken,
And oft.00 those we fancied true.
Faith sigbs lo find herself mistaken.
I yield not to one vain regret
When wayward fate hath so bereft me,
But only love more fondly yet
The dear ones still eo kindly lert me.
Though hope may cease to sing awhile,
And joy's sweet light seem s.owly paling,
'Tis better far to wear a smile,
For sighs and tears are unavailing.
Let others weep that bright dt'fams fade,
Aud wearily wearing sorrow's fetter,
Forever seek life's gloomiest shade—
I love its cheering sunshine better!
What though my lot of pain and _i il
Be lowlier thau my prouder brother's .
What though I heap no golden spoil, '
Tin*: enty and the hate of others?
Let others seek the shining road,
And walk with mammon's worldly minionss—
I joy that I've no wealth to load
To earth my spirit's heavenward pinions !
Brightly may glisten glory's light,
No envy iu my bosom waking,
For Fame's proud wreath, though fair to sight,
Oft blooms above a heart that's breaking.
The monarch's crown I covet not.
And only pity those who weai it,
Desiring with my humble lot   ;
Only a cheerful heart to bear it!
ends his
at the pi
I when t!
with fire
but tl.
lofty
_v,..rv „t_am .., a  large and splendid iiB-ior'
ment ot
Staple and Fancy Dry Goods.
AImi, a large assortment of
Sii'mmei" Clotlaiiig
and  the  public
i ha*
■x Coffin
iish at i.
a ho
XJpliOlster ing
Spring Seat Sofa, and Chair_ neatly repaired, equal  to
;s anddispa
li,
ir_ Qlled -.villi pr
ber   the   pkico-
_ Wil-
JAMES D   BRADY.
New Fruit & Vegetable Market.
T.IE undersigned
.;r.,;eries:u,dl
purchased t
>[ Jou.v *ilC.)<
and the pud
id t.
stook of
..ii „ Co., beg
hat he lias re
store,-ndalso
MB•_■_*-  rnVKt. JBtXZ ______ T
{Oppoi
Grocery and Liquor Bu-iness,
A Fruit and Vegetable Market,
AT THE OLD STAND ON
r»K ______ ■__; r-wij
; Pine's Hotel,) a few doo
mcrcial   Street,
"Where vrlU constantly be  found  a  choice assortment of
the .xbovij articles eli. tp for CASH.
■t-sS- Country Traders are re.-tpectfully requested to call
_n. I* .amine the s;oo !_.
t,_y All  Kind. of Country  Produce  t_.l__n   lu
j£__f" Remember the place—Opposite Pine's Ho
id, Alain street, Los Angeles.
__7 JOSEPH RICE.
. from Com-
asaorti
Don't forget the name— Ricla, Newniarl.
_fc CO.,  COMMERCIAL STREET.     jutiT
_E?3"o>tic5e-
' II EU ELY t.'IVKN.   ibat all
Los Angeles, March 10. IS!
np cnltinjr
lianrho of
,ill be pro
ROWE
i_ tf
SEWING MACHINES.
GROVER. BAKER & CO.'S PATENT.
TT*.lIEiindi..nit.n_d has on 1       -       -- ■      -_
X  jng« supply of the, aho
.th duplicate parts,
hand and i
_ co;
istan
tly receiv
,vc supcric
.chins
es. ti.-g.-lh.
eedles, Th:
■■._.-!.
_..,
which h(
S. 0. SRICHAM, Sole Agent.
. Oregon, and the entire Pacific Coast,
oppos
. Tt-hsis
giQ Wine aud Aguardi-ente
ThcSubscr-bor otTors for sale at his rcsid
'City, for the bouofit of whom it may concern
_o__ble terms,
■_,_00 gallons
fe__-_tf
G«llforiiln.AVhie«nd-_OOs»Ilo--*--
of As«*Ar(Hc.itc.
STEPHEN C. FOSTER.
Carriage and Blacksmith Shop.
By JOHN GOLLER,
IOS  ANGELES   STREET,
NEAR THE FOOT   OF COMMERCIAL.
TIIE subscriber rospectfullv v
forms the publicueneranyth
he will keep constantly ou ban
and will manufacture to order,
CJoaches-,Buggies, Wagons, Carts &c>
In :i aeatand-vorkm-iulilte nianuer. Ho has on hand.ann
for sale a fine stock of Ea.9_o.rn White Oak and Hickory
_*L.i.V and axels. Ho koops constantly on hand aiarge variety Of Cart and Buggy wheels, _poke_, Felloes, Shafts,
Neck Yokes. Double and singlotroe..
Horse Sl-*oeit-g and __:lack__nlthi_ip
in all its various branches, executed with promptnest-and
■di*patch. Particular attention will bo given tothe niah -
f-cturo _Dd repair of PLOWS, HARROWS, acdotherFa.
-i.Uft tlntansils. Ha has an extonfiiT. assort_aent oflronnj-
- el-, Springs, Bolts, Plow and Spring steel, and other tnate-
.UIp-r.iLoin. totb„busines*-,too numerous to TnenfiODt
Also, 20 Tons of Blaoksmi-hsi C_i_..
Witt oono out the best of »_____.-_ in his employ, .3__
_.9lS00Q_dtb.t-«t he oaa s'v. entire satis faction to hi_
'.'CUato-_.r_.
U-7 JOBS G-'CLLEU,
JONAS G. CLARK & CO,
128 Washiugton street,
____ "_BAKCtSC1*-.
I M PORTERS,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers,
Iu every description ot*
FURNITURE, BEDDING, &c. &c.
3F1 TJ Xt __■!■__ TJH.E
W A R E R O 0 M S ,
In the Building opposite Washington Market,
(Formerly known as the Clipper Warehouse,)
And '19 and 51 Fourth, street, between J and K
streets, Sacramento.
We have on exhibition and in great variety,
ROSEWOOD, MAHOGANY, WALNUT, OAK AND
PARIiOMBCHAlBSS SETS,
SOFAS,
OTTOMANS,
LOUNGES,
AND EASY CHAIRS,
Work, Centre, Dining, Extension and Fancy
Merchant,  and Lawyer.   Deslts,
_„«__SCASE.S,
-ECBETAISISES,
_.U_EA_9,
SIOEBOAKDSj and
WHAT-NOTS.
Office  and  Kitchen  Furniture,
OHAI-IS,
Of all qualities, newest style and most  approved
make.
Large an. small French Plate Mantel and Pier
MIRB.ORS
j*_>9- For the TRADE, we have a large stock,
on clippers to arrive heavy shipments, and will
receive regular and complete INVOICES of goods
adapted to the wants of the interior and coast.
SST Particular attention  and  care   given   to
TKADB, ORDERS aud the FURNISHING of
Hotels and Public Buildings.
.£&■ Goods purchased will bo sent to Steamers,
V___el_; aad all parts of tbe city without charge.
- JONAS G. CLARK _. CO.,
Ko. 128 W-whlogtoo street,
Grape Culture and tise Vintage.
Graph CCLTUitE.—The land most favorable to
the vine is light, easily permeable to water, but
somewhat retentive by its composition ; with a
sandy subsoil, to allow the excess of moisture to
drain readily off. Calcareous soils produce the
highly esteemed wines of the Cote d'Or ; a grau-
ite debris forms the foundation., of the lands
where the Hermitage wines are thrown ; siHcious
soil interspersed with ilinls furnishes the celebrated wines of Chateau-Nouf, Ferie. and La Gaude ;
schistose districts afford also good wiue, as that
called la Malgue. Tliu. we see that lauds differing in chemical composition, but possessed of the
proper physical qualities,may produce most agreeable wines ; and s_u also may lauds of like chemical
and physical constitution produce various kinds o(
wine, according to their varied exposure. As a
striking example of these effects, we may adduce
the slopes of the hills which grow the wines of
Montrachet. The insulated part towards the top
furnishes the wine called Chevalier Montrachet,
which is less esteemed, and sells at a much lower
price, than the delicious wine grown on the middle height, called true Montrachet. Beneath this
district, and in the surrounding plains, the vines
afFOrd a far inferior article, called bastard Montrachet. The opposite side of the hills produces
very iudiflereut wine. Similar differences, in a
greater or less degree, are observable relatively to
the districts which grow the ,Pomard, Yolnay,
Beaune, Nuits, Vougeot, Chambertin, Romance,
&c. Everywhere it is found, that the reverse side
of the hill, the summit, and the plain, although
generally consisting of like soil, afford inferior
wiue to the middle southern slopes,
Tm: Vintage in the temperate provinces, gen
erally takes place about the end of September;
and it is always deteriorated whenever the fruit is
not ripe enough before the 15th or 20th of October; for, in this case, not only is the must more
acid, aud less saccharine, but the atmospherical
temperature is apt to fall so low during the sights,
as to obstruct more or less its fermentatiou into
wine. The grapes should be plucked in dry weath-
r, at the interval of a few days after they are
ripe ; being usually gathered iu baskets, and transported to the vats in dorsels, sufficiently tight to
prevent tbe juice from running out. Whenever a
laver about 14 or 15 inches thick bas been spread
ou the bottom of the vat, tbe treading operation
begins, which is usually repeated after majerating
the'grapes for some time, when an iucipient fermentation has sofiened the texture of the skin and
the interior cells. When Ihe whole bruised grapes
are collected in the vat, the juice, by means of a
slight fermentation, reacts, through the acidity
thus generated, upon the coloring matter ofthe
husks, and also upou the tannin contained in the
stones and the fruit-stalks. The process of fermentation is suffered to proceed without any other precaution, except forcing down from time to
time the peliicles floated up by the carbonic acid
to the top ; but it would be Icfs apt to become
acetous, were the mouths of the vats covered. With
tbit. view, M. Sebille Auger introduced with success his elastic bung in the manufacture of wine
in the department of the Maine-et-Loiro.
With whatever kind of apparatus the fermentation may have been regulated, as soon as it ceases
to be tumultuous, and the wine is not sensibly
saccharine or muddy, it must be racked off Irom
the lees, hy means of a spigot, and run into the
ripening tuns. Tbe marc beiug then gently
squeezed in a press, affords a tolerably clear wiue,
which is distributed among the tuns io equal proportions ; but the liquor obtained by stronger
presuro is reeer
beach,
and ma
And
the firs
with th
first.
pu
counteracted by maintaining a temperature of I
about 65° or 68° P., in the tun-room. When the
must, ou the other hand, is too thin, and deficient
in sugar, it most be partially concentrated by rapid boiling, before the whole can be made to ferment into a good wine. By boiling up a part of
must for this purpose, the excess of ferment is at
the sama time destroyed. Should this concentration be inconvenient, a certain proportion of sugar must be introduced, immediately after racking
it off.
The specific'gravity  of must  varies with  the
richness and ripeness of the grapes  which  afford phi
it; being in some cases so low  i.s 1.0.37. and in I ■"■*'■
others so high as 1.128$.    This happens particularly In the south of France, in the district ofthe
Necker iu Germany,   the*specific   gravity-   varies I h-i
from 1.050 to 1.09. ; in Heidelberg, from 1.036, to
1.091 ; but it varies much in different years.
After the fermentation.ia complete, tbe vinous
part consists of water, alcohol, a coloring-matter,
a peculiar aromatic principle, a little undecom-
posed sugar, pitartrate and malate of potash, tartrate of lime, muriate, of soda, and tannin; the
latter substances being in small proportions.
It is known that a lew green grapes are capable
of spoiling a whole cask of wine, and therefore
they are always allowed to become completely ripe,
and even sometimes to undergo a species of slight
fermentation, before being plucked, which completes the development of the saccharine principle. At other times the grapes are gathered whenever they are ripe, but are left for a few days on
wicker-floors, to sweeten, before being pressed.
In general the whole vintage of tlie day is
pressed in the evening, and the resulting must is
received in separate vats. At the end usually of
G or 8 hours, if the temperature be above 50° P.,
and if the grapes have not been too cold when
plucked, a froth or scum is formed at the surface,
which rapidly increases in thickness. After it acquires such a consistence as to crack in several
places, it is taken off with a skimmer and drained;
and the thin liquor is returned to the vat. A few
hours afterwards another coat of froth is formed,
which is removed in like manner, and sometimes a
third may be produced- The regular vinous fermentation now begins, characterized .by air-bubbles rising up the sides of the staves, with a peculiar whizzing as they break at the surface. At
this period all the remaining froth should be
quickly skimmed o% aud the clear subjacent must
be transferred into barrels, where it iis left to ripen
by a regular fermentation.
The white wiues, which might be disposed to
become stringy, from a deficient supply of tannin,
may be preserved from this malady by a due addition of the footstalks of ripe grapes* The tannin, while it tends to preserve the wiues, renders
them also more easy to clarify, by the addition of
white of egg, or isinglass.
The white wines should be racked eff as soon as
the first frosts have made them clear, and at tbe
latest by the end of the February moon. By thus
separating the wine from the lees, we avoid, or
render of little consequence, the fermentation
which, lakes place on the return of spring, aud
which, if too brisk, would destroy all its sweetness, by decomposing the remaining portion of
sugar.
The characteristic odor possessed by all wines,
in a greater or less degree, is produced by a peculiar substance, which possesses the character., of an
essential oil. As it is not volatile, it cannot be
confounded with the aroma of wine. When large
quantities of wine are distilled, au oily substance
is obtained towards the end of the operation. This
may also be procured from tbe wine lees which are
deposited in the casks after the fermentation has
commenced. It forms one forty thousandth part
of the wine: and consists of a peculiar uew acid,
aud ether, each of which has been called the
amanthic. The acid is analogous to the fatty acids, and the ether is liquid, but insoluble in water.
The acid is perfectly white when pure, of the consistence of butter at ■j0°, melts with a moderate
heat, reddens litmus, and dissolves in caustic aud
carbonated alkalis, as well as iu alcohol and ether.
G-iiantbic ether is colorless, hzs an extremely
strong smell of wine, which is almost intoxicating
wheu inhaled, and a powerful disagreeable taste.
Litbig and Pelouzc.
id, amosg the nodding firs and
cragsof Oaliforuia.maayaheartf
_ curse of gold, welled up  like n
esert, when the sweet fofce of bet'
mother bade the bearded miner "atrike   the  harp
gently/'
Strange it i__ when liliuwfl'li^lil ct Oefltll is sent
to earth to execute the decree of "' dust to dust,'
tliat tbe young and beautiful perish, while the old
and the deformed and the heavy ladened are lelt
to toil on with their heavy burden.! Jiut so it is*.
under the
-the itioim-
escape its
ts  its  head
is bias ted,-
f the riven
eoverhang-
ul
(le:
'.<-.■
.ons
ig the
a  the
of Hie'
forth to gather
the lily bending
lit-shl i*j  withered
Rest thee, sweet singer ! Rest thee beneath the'
green prairies of Illinois ; aud every evening wheu
the chaste sunlight draws its last magic circle
round thy sleeping place, still honured by the
tear,* and memory of the loved aid lOsfe, .'S-fl-KK
tui-1 Harp Gently !::
Aud the little Ella ! In after years, when the'
glow of womanhood lias mantled ber eheek ; when'
the stranger's kiss,- pressed on her infant brow,-
shall have grown cold ;: when the chaste summer
wind sweeps up from Lake Michigan- and playa'
among the branches of the locust* mid the Willow
in God's Acre ; when
Tl-ii young Iambs are (___jlsg in tho Jncadow,;
Tine _ ciung _ii-d__.rO .liirptng in t_t- neat ;
Tho young fawns _r« playing _
.-.'sirl.O',.
And th
letE___i
strike thi.
ith the'i
^^^^^^^^ blnwing t.)*.v_r<ls- thi, west—
.neeliug. by the honored grave of g«;ni-
r tc the over-wateb'tng i-ngel,- "Mother,
harp gently for mc Pf—*Sibfa\  Citizen.-
aug 30 3m.
San Francisco'
for the casks of inferior wiue.
In tbe south of France tho fermeotatioo eume-
times proceeds too slowly, on acco.ot of the mast
being too saccharine ; «n _c.Id.Qt which la best
Cloci-leS- Peuu.—Lieut. Maury, iu his Geography of the Sea, explains why there is no rait-
in Peru.    He says:
•■In Peru, South America, rain is unknown.-
Tiie coast of Peru is within tbe region* of perpetual southern trade wind.. Though the Peruvian
shores are on the verge of the great southern sea*
boiler, yet'ic never rains there. Tiie. reason is'
plain. The southern trade wind iu fhe'\-_l1antic'
ocean first strike. the water ou the coast til'Africa.-
Traveling to the Northwest, they blow obliquely
across the ocean until they reach the coast ol Brazil. By this time they are heavily laden with-
vapor, which they continue tu bear along the continent, depositing it as they go, and supp yin'g
with it the sources of the Bio de la Plata and the'
southern tributaries of the A:iia_on. Finally they
reach thesuow capped Andes, and here is wrung
from them the last particle of moisture that d
very low temperature can extract. P.euching the'
summit of that range, they now tumble down as
cool and dry winds on the Pacific slopes beyond.
Meeting with r.o evaporating substance, nnd with
no temperature colder than that to which they
were subjected on the mountain tops, they reaeh
the ocean belore they become charged with fresh
vapor, and belore. therefore, tliey have any which
the Peruvian climate can extract. Thus we seo
how the tops of the Andes become the reservoir
from which are supplied the rivers of Chili aud
Peru,"
Til.; G .lowing West .—Nebraska City, two years
ago was a wild waste, where night was made hideous by the dismal howl of the wolf, and the Indian lodge might occasionally be seen dotting the
untrodden grass of the prairie. On two days recently the stiles of lots by the organized town
proprietors amounted to $10,000. So says-the
Council Bluff's Bligle.
One year ago the town of Clinton, in Iowa, on
the Mississippi, wa_ not known on any map of
Iowa, To-day it contains a population of 1,000
souls, and has three hotels, seven dry good stores,
three grocery stores, two hardware, one furniture,
oue clothing, oue boot aud shoe store, oue bank
(and another organization), one church, one ware
house, two doctor's offices, four 1 avyer's offices,
one brickyard, two lime k,lus, two saw mills, oue
lumber yard, and two stone quarries. There are
over one hundred buildings that have beeu erected
during the past nine mouths, and in every direc*
tion that the eye turns the frames of other edifices
may be seen rising.—-/■.("■uireT.
Mr. Buchanan was born in Franklin county
Pennsylvania, on the 19th of April, 1791, and is
therefore 65 years old. He served in tli_ State
Legislature two years, in the House ot Congress
ten years. Gen. Jackson seut him to Russia aH
Minister in 1831, where he remained three, years.
In 1831 ho was elected to the United States Senate, and remained there eight years. He was Seo.
retary ot'Slato under President Polk, and Minister to England under President Pierce. Ho has
filled, therefore, nearly every civic station of distinction, tlho poet to whioh he has just beeu nominated being the last aud highest which tho j-eopW
of the country have to bestow upoo him.
Sinqulab C___a,—A correspondent of the Ma-
ohias .(Maine) Union, details the following very
curious case:
11 Captain Tults, of tills town, having in a keg
In his store, about two poinds of gun powder, antl
wishing to use the keg. po'.-.red the contents into
I a paper, which he carried to tbe house, and gave
to his wife for safe keeping. Mrs. Tufts, being
busi'y engaged in her domestic affair., put the
powder in the oven of a stove in au unoccupied
room, with the intention of taking it out wheu at
leisure, but forgot to do so. Not long after this,
while Ca[jt. T. was sawing in i\ lath mill, one of
his hands coming In contact with the saw. wai
nearly cut oil. He was carried home completely
exhausted from loss of blood. .IPs physicians and
Iriends had nearly despaired of his life, as every'
effort to stop the blood had proved unavailing.-
In the meantime, a fire was kindled in the stove'
which contained the powder, iu order to warm1
the room for the reception of Capt. Tufts. Imme-
d ately after kindling the fire, his friends proceed--
ed to carry him into the room, and had just reached the door, wheu the powder exploded, brenking
tbe stove, clock, window-glass, _x\, into atou1.**,-
aod starting from its place one end of the house.-
But the curious part ofthe story is, Capt. T. received a shock that immediately stopped the blood.-
thereby saving his life ; for it was* the opinion of
his physician, that had he bled   another ounce,-it
must have proved fatal."
 _____„_-©___——-	
Woman's Right..—We know no rights of woman that are separated from the rights of niau-
There is no injury inflicted upon the one that does
not recoil upon the other. If the T_rl_ keeps woman in abject slavery, the Turk _ii_ge.f beco ____■"
a degenerate slave.
J