-1
Sisdlitiiwits.
The DiseovKitr of Gold—The particulars ofthe
discovery of gold in this State have often been detailed to the public through different sources.—We
have never yet, however, seen as good a narrative
ofthe event (lor it was an event that formed a decided era in the history of the whole world) as it
■would seem that so important a discovery merited.
We yesterday conversed with a member of tlio Mormon Battalion which marched from Council Blulfs
to the Pacific, in 1840, who gave us a few incidents
in connection with this affair.—There maybe some
slight discrepancies between his statement and those
of some others, but it is probably in the main correct, and will interest many.
" Some time in 18-id. I was with the Mormons,
near Council Bluffs. We had been driven from Illinois, and were on the way to the ItluHs. We were
the advanced guard of our people, and the rest were
to follow. "When we were near our destination, we
were overlaken by some U. S. officers, who stated
to us that they w'ished to raise volunteers to go to
Mexico, and a'sked us if we were willing to raise
nome compauie-ybr the purpose. They wanted live
hundred men. we thought it rather " tight "on
us to ask for so many from so small a conutiuuiry
as ours, but as we had been accused of hostility to
the people, constitution and government of the
Union, we thought it would Dot do to make' a fuss
about it, so by the advice and consent of our leader
we were ready to go the next morning. We turned
out live hundred and forty men to give them good
measure, though we left wives, sisters, daughters,
and mothers to get along the best way they could ;
and a hard time they had ot it before we got back,
1 can tell you. In the body were old men and their
bods, but al I able men.-—After a great deal of crying
and mourning, wehadaprayer meeting, and wound
up with a glorious dance, and oil'we marched in
good spiri Is towards Santa Fe, in New Mexico. After a tedious n arch, during which we were often
upon half rations, we finally found our way to Los
Angeles. When peace was made, in 1847, we were
disbanded, thousands of miles from the only heme
we had, while other soldiers were conveyed home
at the expense of government. A large party of'ns
then started for ihe place where we supposed our
friends to be located. We thought it best to go by
the wav of Sutter's Fort, as we were not well acquainted with the other routes over the Sierra Nevada. We passed over the Tejon pass through the
Tulare Valley, and pissing to tlie east of where
Stockton now stands, after a hard day;s journey,
during which, we had to raft our wagons and swim
our horses over several rivers, we arri ved at Sutter s
Fort, near where Sacramento now stands. There
was a small garrison of Fremont's men there. Wc
were about starting for the other side of the mountains, when we received counsel not to come home at
present unless we were well supplied with provisions. We accordingly got a job from Capt. Sutter.
He was building a saw-mill near his Fort, and
another on the South Fork of the American river.
I engaged to work at one dollar per day and board,
and went to work at the latter place, where Coloma
stands now. We had got the dam built ar.d were
raising the lower timbers. Mr. Mprshnl, who, I
think was from Rhode Island or Nantucket, was
Capt. Sutter's foreman. He had a number of Indians at work digging a tail race. They used during
the day to dig up and throw out what dirt thcy
could, and at night open the gate and let the water
through to carry off the loose dirt left, and shut it
in the morning. The race wTas to be about ten feet
wide and nine feet deep. They were often troubled
by striking the bed rock, and found it very difficult
to get their race deep enough without considerable
blasting. We were living there very comfortably
in log cabins. One afternoon, in December. 1847,
Mr. Marshal saw something in the race thfct he
thought looked like gold. When became that night
he made a remark, at supper, to the effect that he
believed that he saw gold that afternoon. We
thought no more of it at the time.—Marshal, however, did not drop the matter. The next morning,
after we had been at work for a short time, and the
frost was not oil'the ground, Marshal came towards
us laughing, and showed us something in his hat.
which he caul was the gold. We all stopped work
and went down to the race. Amongst us, we picked
up about four oiinzes in pinches, with our lingers.
Mr. Marshal then started down to Sutler's Fort with
the mineral, to test it. We did not really think it
was gold, and wdien we did find it to be so, we never
dreamed that it existed anywhere else. After Marshal got to Sutter's, the two held a consultation as
to what to do. It was agreed that they should go
down to Monterey to try to get a grant of the laud in
the vicinity from Governor Mason. They forgot
to tell him about the gold, tiut told him they want*
ed it for the purpose of obtaining the minerals in
it.—Governor Mason could do nothing for them,
and they came back again. After their return, they
collected all the Indian chiefs in the vicinity, and
concluded a treaty with them for a lease of ground
twelve miles scpiaro for a term of years. I suppose
they were to pay in provisions and blankets.
Capt. Sutter and Marshal undertook to keep the
gold matter quiet till they could get the mill finished ; but it was of no use ; nearly all the handsquit
and went to digging. They undertook to make us
give them half the gold we got for the privilege of
digging on their land; this was afterwards reduced
to one-third, and in a few weeks was given up altogether. The people down at Sutter's Fort got
hold of what wc was about, and came up. They
found as good digging at the Island, as that near
the mill. It was called Mormon Island, because
most of us that went to work there, were Mormons.
Mr. Samuel Brannan, who was up to Sutter's Fort
on business soon after this, learned what was going
on, aud published it in the San Francisco paper.
This was about May, 1848, I think, aud there was
an end to all secrecy. The people poured into the
mines, new diggings were discovered, and you know
the rest as well as I do. I did not stay a great
while in the mines, I was not very fierce for gold at
any time ; and as my friends wore nearly all getting
sick, as we had enough tc. go to Salt Lake comfortably and carry a little with us, we started off.
I have never cared about going to the mines since.-"'
—[Times and Transcript.]
wliich he had presented to his wife, and tossed them
into the American river. He was (hen ready to
commence work anew. He did so, as well as his
wife*, who is since dead, but never have his eyes
been gladdened with another hundred pounds of
gold which he knew "was his property. Mr. li. is
now mining on the American. A more direct and
forcible illustration of tho evilsintlicted upou community by the vice of gambling could hardly be
presented. Had the gambling uct then been m
force, this man would doubtless have gone home
to his own friends and relatives and those of his
wife, bought him alarm and been living uow in eom-
Im't, if not. in affluence. It might even have preserved for years the existence of her whose life to
him was above all price.—[Sacramento Union.
Prevention of "Drouth.
Tho subject ofthe best means of preventing crops
from guttering from drouth was discussed at a late
meeting of the Farmers Club of the American In-
Statute. Professor Mapes made a brief and excellent address. He said that the deposition of moisture upon the surface of bodies colder than the atmosphere was an acknowledged evidence ofthe existence of moisture in the atmosphere. The fact of
want of moisture in the soil was a sure evidence
at was a superabundance in the atmosphere.
Wherever the soils are disintegrated to a sufficient
depth, they will be found to be colder than the supernatant atmosphere. When the atmosphere circulates iu a free soil, it will deposit moisture iu every particle of earth colder than the air. This process, too, was eminently beneficial in another way.
It was well known that during the first part of a
shower, rain was more beneficial than in the last
part, as tho ammonia accumulated in the atmosphere, and which was necessary to vegatation, was
carried into the ground. Daring a drouth, the
quantities of ammonia and similar elements were
much accumulated, aud with the atmosphere a
greater amount of these elements wero deposited.
The true means, then, of adverting the ill effects of
a drouth, wero subsoil plowing, deep plowing, and
under-drainiiig. On his farm, not a single plant
bas suffered from tbe drouth, while nearly alt the
neighboring farmers had suffered to a greater or
lessr extent.1' He attributed this result solely to the
system of subsoil plowing and under-draining he
liad pursued.
Origin of Various Plants.
Every gentleman farmer ought to be somewhat
acquainted with the origin and history of all ordinary plants and trees, so as to know their natural
country and condition. Such knowledge, besides
being a great source of pleasure, and very desirable, will often enable him to explain phenomena in
in the habits of many plants that otherwise would
appear inexplicable.
Wheat, although considered by some as a native
of Sicily, originally came from the central tableland of Thibet, where it yet exists as a grass, with
small, measly seeds.
Ilye exists in Siberia.
Barley exists wild in the mountains of Himalaya.
Oats were brought from North Africa.
Millet, oue species is a native of India, another
Egypt and Abyssinia.
'Maize, (Indian Com,) is a native growth of Amcr-
ft.
lliee was brought from South Africa, whence it
was taken to India, and thence toEurope and Araer-
a.
Peas are natives of Germany.
The Garden Bean, from the East Indies.
Buckwheat came originally from Siberia and
Turkey.
Cabbage grows wild in Sicily and Naples.
The Poppy was brought from the East.
The Sunflower from Peru.
Hops came to perfection as a wild flower in Germany.
Saffron came from Egypt.
The Onion is also a native of Egypt.
Horseradish from South Europe.
Tobacco is a native of Virginia, Tobago and California. Another species has also been found wild
in Asia.
The Grasses are mostly native plants, and so arc
the Clovers, except Lucerne, which is a native of
Sicily.
The Gourd is an Eastern plant.
The Potato is a well known native of Peru and
Mexico.
Coriander grows wild near the Meditterranean.
Anise was brought from the Grecian Archipela-
The Choctaw Indiana.
This tribe is one of the most civilised tf the
Aborigines. They are in the immediate neighborhood of the great States that lie on the West side
of tho .Mississippi, occupying that ejtensive tract
of country which, iu parallelogram form, lies immediately West of and adjoining the Sjtatc of Arkansas, betweeu the Canadian, a tributary of the
Arkansas River on the North, Red River on the
South, and having the State of Texas on the V, est.
Their population, which is already 35,000 is
rapidly increasing. Although their landed property is held, according to the Indian custom, as a
community of tripal right, yet they are cultivators
of the soil, having reduced and holding in severalty
their farms aud tracts, which they cultivate, and
from which they derive subsistence. The chase is
abandoned, and they are gradually advancing in
civilzation, and in those pursuits which, under the
wise management of our Government, is elevating
them in a social point of view.
They have a regularly organized assembly, consisting of four Senatorial districts, each sending
four Senators ; and Assembly districts, from which
there is one representative to every thousand people. The Senate are elected for two years ; the
House of Representatives annually. They meet
once a year, at Doaksville, to legislate for the tribe.
The executive consists of a Chief for each district,
elected quadrennially, and those-Chiefs assemble
at the same time that the Legislature does, and
form a sort of executive council, the signatures of
two of them being necessary to give effect to an aet
of the Assembly.
They have eight principal schools, consisting of
from fifty to one hundred pupils each. Tlieir language is reduced to written form, and elementary
works in it have been published.
They are a peaceful people, possess among them
men of ability, are under religious preempt, aud
exercise a decided influence for good upoitTihe wild
tribes that roam around them.
There is a tradition in the tribe that there were
three brothers, named Choctaw, Chickasaw, and
Muscogee, who came from the far West, each giving
his name to a nation—the first two, to wit : the
Choctaw and Chickasaw are now blended, speaking
the same language. TheMuscogecsarenow known
as the Creeks. From the Creeks sprang the Semi-
nolos (or Wanderers,) a tribe whose acts of violence
it required years to repress in Florida.
REFLECTION OF MIND.
Mbntat, perfection should be the great aim oflife
To this end should all our labors, struggles and
prayers tend. In youth, in manhood, in age, we
should seek to render more perfect our powers of
mind. We are never too old, and but a few weeks
too young for mental improvement. To perfect our
minds we must contemplate perfect objects, both in
the material and spiritual universe. We must dwell
much upon these objects. We must appropriate
these perfections to our own mental use; cherish,
admire, love them. We must look for beautiful
things, that images of beauty may throng our
minds. We must cultivate amiable feelings, that
harmony of soul liiay enrich the inward temple
also with the music of its numbers. We must
strive lor perfection of action, that in our daily
walk the halo ol angel-lite may surround us. Deformity will not make us more perfect. Vice will
not help us in our work. The artist never studies
deformity to augment his treasures of beauty. The
musician never makes discords and barkens to them
thereby to cultivate the sense of harmony and
beauty in his soul. So in life, we should surround
ourselves with the best objects. We should always
seek the company of sweet thoughts, lovely objects,
amiable feelings pleasant words, good offices. These
help to perfect our minds. Our thoughts are the
chisels which carve the statuary of tlieir souls.
They do it well or ill as they are right or wrong,
Bad thoughts are enemies worse than all outward
ones.
Dr. Chaiining says, " The perfecton of mind is to
have a propensity to seek agreeable and interesting
objects, to have our attention turn spontaneously to
beauties of nature, excellencies of human character
—God's perfections. A mind thus filled is always
improving, always happy. A mind which turns
to disagreeable things, party agitations, future uncertainties, &c, must be depraved. All objectsinay
be viewed as expressions of goodness."
<%ras (fefjw.
Pacific Express Co.
kn fUxmrim %'ikxhimixU,
e-,p:,\,.-., b.v
THE umleisi^mV AvV Vi;
tl,e-VA(;i™vi"IMVTi!( ,
I'.XI'KKSS COMPANY. will
Steamer an K.Mi'-ev in
tlie Soutbern Eoute
charge of reitulai- Me^aeuger.,,
SANTA EAEBARA,
MONTEREY,  ■
fclAN EiiAWISCO.
SAdtA-MEN'TO,
STOCKTON,
^XcEk»g""ieU^
and insured. e,.,. a„e.
fl3> Collections made in .every part of the Male ana
<>1'"';"],' CHAS. B. JOHNSON, Agent.
LosAngeles, March Otlt 1S55. mlMj
WELLS FARGO & CO'S
A Joint StooJt Comjmi'y Willi   it capital of
$500,000,
TT7-ir.il* dispatch «"» Express from the  City off
W  Lo* Angles,  by ovcrv Htcamoi-. (0 :ill vari-i   til   Cnli-
fovnia. l):r.y„ii, tlie At.Li.nlieStali-s and Eiu'ejie,   in   cluirge-
of regular ami experienced Messengers.
II!TTERS,PARCELS, PACKAGES and TREASURE
,fety and (lis-
patch.    Collections niudv, 0
and all business pertalnio -
business, attended to with p
■Slight billsdl'i-xcluui.fiM ■■"<
ol* the Atlantic States, Oregt
LosAngeles, Mav oh 24, IS!
nd   Commissions   filled,
Express and forwarding
Uh! principal cilios
'.. MYLl'S, Agent.
INDEPENDENT LINE.
CARRYING THE UNITED  STATES MAILS-
I710K MONTEREY.   SANTA   JtARDAKA,
1   SAN* I'EdliO AND SAN' DTEtiO.
"meeting at San Pedro with stage3 for
> Asgeles, San IWn;ir<liuo, and Kern Hies.    Departure from LongWharf.
THE NEW AND SPLENDID STEAMSHIP
SEA BIRD,
1,000 tonsburthon, Cait. SAMUEL HALEY, willbercaf-
termake regular trips to tlm iibove ports, leaving Long
Wharf.    For 'Yciirbt ar t.^Atryc. apply »*' beard, or lo
j. ■:: WEIGHT.
37 Sacramento street, near Davis,
jr. n.—Shippers ate requested to get billy of Lading signed for their goods.
Los Angles, June 16, 1855. Ne- 5—tf
SEBASTOPOL NOT TAKEN
^^^fpAG0^.
119 ami 131 Saeramento Street, San  frianclsco.
Centrally locnted belween Sausomc and Montgomery at.,
1 tlie immediate vicinity ofthe Nicaragua and Mail Steam*
ship Co.\s Offices, San Francisco.
GREAT REDUCTION
IN THE PRICE OF BOARD AT THE
WHAT CHEEK HOUSE,
Bos. 119 and 121 Sacramento street,
SAN'FIIANCISCU, UAL.
*$G 00	
SI 00	
50 cts	
,. Per Week,
..Per Day,
. Per Meal.
LODGINGS ON THE MOST REASONABLE TERMS :
From «3 to SO 3P*fr "Week.
From 50 eta. to $1	
.. Per Night.
N. ii._Tl,n-e are KK'HTV «IN(!I.!-1 ROOMS,  fitted up and
furnished in the neatest manner, at from 75 cts. to $1 per
night, and Trom  $5 to S(i per week.
IVA- The privilege of 1'HEK BATHS is also extended to tha
patrons of the house
■It. B. WOODWARD. proprietor.
May, 20, 18S6. No. 2—3m
1000'
The Pernicious influence of Gambling in California Ilu'strated.—Some time irt the year 1850,
as we are informed by an old settlor, a Mr. B. was
living at Mormon Island with hi?, wife. He was engaged inteaming.and owned a fine mule team, valued tben at about five thousand-dollars. While at
home one day, he concluded to take a turn at
prospecting, antl in walking through a gulch on
tbe opposite side ofthe American river from Mormon Island, with a pick on his shoulder, he stumbled and fell. In the fall his pick stuck ia the
ground, and in pulling it out he discovered gold.
Up<Jh prospecting the ground it was found in abundance. Mr. B. forthwith employed a number of
Digger Indians to work for him, and in a few days
found himself the possessor of a pile of gold that
weighed an even hundred pounds, valued then at
about twenty thousand dollars, this he concluded
would satisfy his wants, and he harnessed up his
mules, took his wife aboard, aud started for Sacramento, with the determination to leave for Ihe
States on the first steamer.
After reaching Sacramento, Mr. B. purchased his
wife the best he could fiud in the way of dress, and
a fine set of jewelry, including a fine watch and
chain. When this was done, Mr. B. concluded he
must see what was going on in the city, and so sauntered into a gambling saloon. After looking on
for a little time, the idea struck him that it would
be a capital operation for him to double his twenty
thousand dollars. He commenced betting, and for
some time the cards favored him so much, that he
won eighteen thousand dollars, increasing his pile
to thirty-eight thousand dollars in gold. At this
point the fickle goddess deserted him. He began
to lose, and went on losing until his eighteen thousand dollars returned whence it came ;'then followed in quick succession his twenty thousand dollars,
and his team of mules and wagon. He left the table, stripped of everything, and returned to his
confiding \vife, a sadder, a poorer, if not a wiser
man. Too soon she learned the extent of their loss.
and the greatness ofhis folly.
But "never give it up so, Mr. Brown." was his
motto, and with his wife, who was still hopeful,
though cruelly disappointed, started back to Mormon Island, where ihey arrived penniless. Determined to hare nothing in sight to remind him of
his egregious folly, Mr. E. took tne watch and chain
"Fattening Fowls.
Fowls and chickens may be fattened in four or
five days, by feeding them three times daily with
rice boiled in milk, always fresh, as sourness prevents them from fattening. Give them clear water
to drink. By this method the flesh is made particularly w-hite.
It is very desirable, both for the thrift of the animal and the orderly progress ofthe labors of tho
farm, that all domestic animals, as far as possible,
be fed, watered, etc.. at the same hour and minute
everyday. It has been found by experienced and
intelligent herdsmen, that, when thus attended to,
they learn to expect their fodder at the stated time,
and remain quiet and uncomplaining until that
time comes around. Tbis is true of all domestic
animals, and should be heeded by the farmer. Let
him so arrange his labors at the barn that every
operation maybe performed at a stated time, and he
will find matters go on much more pleasantly and
comfortably than when all is left at hazard, without system or regularity. Few things are more unpleasant to the good farmer than the complaints of
hungry stock. •   _
Prospects of the Farmer.-—The American Agriculturist alludes to the European war, aud thinks
that " there never was a brighter prospect opened
for any class of citizens, than looms up before the
Uuited States for the coming, and probably many
successive seasons.'' It thinks every article of
consumption must continue at very high prices, if
they do not exceed the present exorbitant rates;
under such circumstances, therefore, every farmer
should set vigorously to work, as soon as the frost
will permit, get tbe best manures, the best seeds
and the best implements, and adopt the most judicious system of cultivation. To enable the farmer
to do this, the Agriculturist promises to give a
series of articles which will tell them how " to
raise the greatest quantities of produce at the least
cost." Truly such information will be acceptable
to us all.
A Nutritious Vegetable.—-Ii is perhaps unknown
to many, that the onion is one, of the most nutritious of root.;, containing when dried, from twenty-five to thirty per cent of gluten. It is a great
staple of life in Spain and Portugal. Onions are
not a relish merely to the Spaniard, but thoy sustain his strength, ami add beyond what their bulk
would suggest, to the amount of nourishment whicli
his simple meal supplies.
Goon Doctrines. — Have you enemies? Go
straight ou. and mind them not. If they block up
your path, walk around them, regardless of their
spite. A man who has no enemies is seldom good
for anything—hois made of that kind of material
which is so easily worked that every one has a hand
in it. A sterling character—one who thinks of
himself, and speaks what he thinks, is always sure
to have enemies. They are as necessary to him as
fresh air. A celebrated character, who was surrounded by enemies, used to remark : Thev are
sparks which, if you do not blow will go out of
themselves/'-' Let this be your feeling, while endeavoring to live down the scandal of those who
are bitterly against you. if you stop to di.-pute.you
do but as they desire, and open the way for more
abuse. Let the poor fellows talk—there will be but
a reaction, if you perform but your duty, and hundreds who were once alienated from you, will flock
to you and acknowledge their error.
Killed nk.ar Oakland.—Mr. Maris, a Spanish
ranchero residing seven or eight miles from Oakland having had several of his horses killed, kept
watch with three friends to discover who was the
guilty person. While in waiting, a Frenchman
named Bechaud rode up and shot down two more
of the horses, and dashed off. Mr. Maris pursued,
when Bechaod wheeled in the saddle and shot him
through the heart, killing him instantly, and then
escaped.—He is the cultivator of a patch of un-
fenced land on one of the adjoining mountains, and
it is supposed the horses trampled over his vegetables, for which reason he shot them.—[S. F. Sun.
But the latest News is Received by every
STEAMER.
THE Subscribers luwlng made  arraiiifriacnts
with J. W. SULLIVAN, Esq., ofthe Pictorial Depot, Sun
"ranci.seo will receive supplies of papers liy every Steamer.
Persons Wishing Periodicals,
Books of any kind,  Magazines or   other
CHEAP LITERATURE,
Gan obtain such, by leaving their names at this
Office, and they will be supplied at short notice.
ffkW* Orders from the country solicited.
A. & 8. WAITE.
Dry Goods and "Slothing
Eimpori-uin.
m
ghe6 Un
entire stuck of pooLs from ihoil' ok
stand, cornel- of Com more ial anil 1'rin
cipnl stroels, to the Urge and coramo.
'iL: NO. 2 TEMPLE'S BLOCK,
Next door to the ''Star" Office, Principal Street
directly oppo.-ito tbeir old gland, whori- thoy will be happy
to see iili their old friends .wl customers. They have lately made lar^e additions to thc-ir BtocK, wftleli is now tin
most extensive in Ihe citv, comprising in fart
READY MADE CLOTHING,
HATS AND CAPS, BOOTS AND SHOES.
FORMJQN" AND !)i)M]-:.-TlC llRY COODS. FANCY UOODS. ic.
Which arc offered at greatly reduced prices, either at
wholesale or retail.
We would respectfully solicit a call from purchasers, believing that we can offer better inducements is our line of
Iju-iii-ss than anv other house in tills cil.v.
aeftl-4 EUASA BR0THE8
Boxes Adamantine Caiullca—15, 'AO,
84-lfe boxes ;
200 bxrt Sperm Candles ;
*!() cases P k M Yeast Powders ;
50 cs Piper's Oysters ;
40 cs Ih-jidford'fc Macomher's Oysters
100 cs nssDi-ted Preserves ;
40(1 cs Gherkins, hf galls, qts and pta
150 cs assorted Pie Fruit ;
25 cs Walnut Catsup ;
200 os Tomato Catsup ;
For sale by HARPOU!, KANDAIX k CO.,
CO California street. nearFronl
May 26, 1855. No. 2—tf
N
TEW Goods—New Goods—Expressly Tor
Vi
100 lil bbls C. Sus-ar ;
3 hlidfs new Kleme Tigs, hf drums ;
100 hf boxes neiv raisius ;
25 bbls Almonds ;
10 boxes new Citron.
BRADSHAW & CO.,
Cor California and Battery sti.
No. 2—tf
Lafayette Restaurant,
FORMERLY THE OLD AMERICAN,
COMMERCIAL STREET,
HAS been splendidly refitted nnd th.
ly renovated, and   the   proprietors are   nm
prepared to accommodate regular boarder
with bed-rooms if desired.
Meals atoll hours, by bill of fare.   Saloon for privat
parties.
Families can be supplied al the shortest notice.
Cakes ol' all kinds constantly on band.
Partridge, Kabbit and Chicken Pies.
Alimentary Preserves.
The best tlie market affords will he eonsfantlv served n;
I'AL'it fcCO., Proprietors.
Les Angeles, January II, 1865. tf
oujrh
SEW FEATIRE ! !
J. % SULLIVAN'S
GREAT PACIFIC DEPOT
....AND....
GENERAL AGENCY
FOR THE SUPPLY OF CHEAP PUBLICATIONS, STATIONARY, &C.
PAPERS, PERIODICALS, AXD BOOKS,
"RECFJVEP WEEKLY BY THE
Mail Steamers
AND EXCLUSIVE EXPRESS—VIA MCARUACUA,
THE proprietor would respectfully inform Country Hook-
sellers. Canvassers, Apenls. Pedlers, and the 1'nUic,
that independent of hisj-eueral Newspaper business, lie has
eonsfantiv on hand, and receiving by every steamer, nil
tho STANDARD BOOBS, MAGAZINES AM) BET1EWS OF
KPKni'E AM) AMERICA.
Together with all Ibe New. Cheap, and Mi.-cellaneoun novels and pnblicn Uous of lbe day. Hi "ring been encased in
thiBbusiness for vears, he assures nil comorned that lie is
enabled :o forward all orders wilh proinpuicS'.- and di spat eh,
terms more favorable than most house-. a> he gives hi*
personal attention to the selection andeoovcyauce or every
order. Parlies favoring him with iheir order* »;ay rest assured ofbein? dealt with in this mn.-t salisljeiory maimer,
and wilh wufkfl suited to their trade, SCHOOL, LAW and
MEDICAL WOl'IvS. taipjdnd at earliest moment after issue.
Blank Books, Cards, Inks and Envelopes, and every variety
COMMVRCIAI. AND FANCY STATIOKABY.
All orders must be postpaid, enclosing CAM!  ior Works.
fiij- H:i-'s k'-ot open to the latest moment.
United Stales Mail via Niearuagua, by authority of the
niled States Government.
Wholesale and retail department.  Post  Office Buildinji,
TO Rancheros
in theEngf
Onions for Poultry.—Scarcely too much can be
said in praise of onions for fowls. They seem to be
a preventive and remedy for various diseases to
which poultry arc liable. Having frequently tested tbeir excellence we can speak tmderstandingly.
For gapes and inflammation of the throat, eyes and
head, onions are almost a Specific. We would recommend giving fowls, and especially young chicks,
as many as they will eat, as often as two or three
times a week. They should be finely chopped. A
small addition of corn meal would be an improvement.
fF*S~ Many lives might be saved by a knowledge
of tliis simple receipt: A large tea-spoonful of mustard mixed in a tumbler of warm water, and swallowed as soon as possible, acts as au instant emetic,
; iiiiicient to remove all that is lodged io the
stomach.
Straw for Tomatoes.—Set out your tomato
plants early, and tend them well till the fruit
begins to set, then cover the ground completely
with short straw, six or seven inches deep. This
works admirably—the vines need no props, and
will stand drouth remarkably.
A Very Good Reason —Prince Albert was blaming a little boy at Eaton for not having learnt more
at his age. " it's not my fault," replied the boy,
"forwe have a holiday every time a prince if
bora."
An Act to prevent the Trespassing of Animals
upon Private Property.
The People of the Slate of California represented in Senate dnd Assembly do enact as follows :
Section. 1.   If any horse, mule, jack, jenny, hog.
sheep, goat, or any head of neat cattle, shall break
into any ground enclosed, by a lawful fence, the
owner or manager of such animal, shall be liable
to the owner of such enclosed premises, for all damages sustained by such trespass : and if the trespass
be repeated, by noglect of the owner or manager of
such animals, he shall for the second and every subsequent offence of trespass, be subject to double the
damages of such trespass, to the owner of said premises.
Sec. 2. If any owner or occupier ofany grounds
or crops trespassed upon by animal, or animals entering upon, or breaking into his or their grounds,
whether enclosed by a lawful fence or not, shall
kill, maim, or materially injure the animal or animals so trespassing, he, she, or they, shall be liable
to the owner of such stock for damages, and for the
cost accruing from a suit for such damages, when
necessarily resorted to for their recovery: Provided, the owner or occupier of such groundsaud
crops so damaged, and trespassed upon, may take
up and safely keep at the expense of the owner oi
owners thereof, such animals for ten days and if net
applied for by the proper owner or owners before
the expiration often days, the same may be posted
under the "Estray Laws" of this State, and before
restitution shall be had by the owner or owners of
such animals, all damages done by them as weli
also as the expense of posting and keeping them,
shall be paid. Any Justice ofthe Peace in the Township, shall have jurisdiction over all such reclamation of animals, together with the damages, expense
of keeping, and posting the same, when the amount
does not exceed five hundred dollars.
Sec. 3. When two or more persons shall agree
to cultivate lands under one enclosure, neither of
them shall place, or cause to be placed, any animal
on his, her, or their ground to the injury or damage ofthe other or others, but shall be liableforall
damages thus sustained by the other or others, and
if repeated after due notice is given, and for every
such subsequent repetition, double damages: It
shall not ue necessary to prove an express agreement, to cultivate under one enclosure, but the fact
of such cultivation shall be deemed sufficient evidence of such an agreement.
Approved. March 31st, 1855.
NOTICE.
desirous of edueatin^ iheir children at home
ish language, o care opportunity  now oilers
to secure the services of an elderly gentleman with a family (all Americans.) who wouhl reside on the Hanoh and
make themselves agreeable companions, and would not
only toach the Eti'dish lauiruago, but the lady wnal I also
if desired teach girls the American fashion of doing their
own needle work. The gentleman is an old Physician aud
would have no objection to prescribing for tho famiir.
Enquire at this Office.
Leu Angeles, Hay 2G, 1858. Ko. 2—tf
st, s^as hVQ^mm strains.
MR. II. JOSEPHI talces pleasure In announcing' o tbe citizens of Los Angeles, and all flic surrounding country, that lie has resumed business again and
would solicit tbeir kind patronage.
Watches, Clocks. Jewelry and Sil-
constantly  on hand and for
and retail.
Watches, Clocks and Jewelry
repaired and warranted.
I()l> Gallons of Camphene for sale low.
Melius' Row, opposite M. Keller's. Los Angela
Los Angeles, Hay Vi,  18BS. No. »'i—2l
St. Kicliolas Hotel.
South-west comer of Sansome amd Commercial SU.
SAX XKAN'ClSCO,  WL
P--.4 THE UNDEKSKiXED have leased the above new
fiasnn  Bml COMMOWNUS  BRICK HOTEL   Tha Bootni
ii W fi [m   are large, well ventilated and newly finished, nnd
from its central position it is unsurpassed for the
eecmoiiatioii of transient and permanent boarder?-
Families can be accomodated wilh Slnglo or Suites of
It is the intention ofthe proprietors to "keep 'lie St,
Nioholasas a first class hotel. The 'fable and bar will bo
supplied with the verv hest  material tbe market affords.
dce7 WM. P. KIDG1YAY,   ( 1 r0Pml0"-
|    ' ISTERSV,\TIO\*AI.  HOTEL,
tp--.'Jackson st. bel. .Montgomery and Kearney,
Mailli Sax I-'KANcisco.
The central position of this new Pive-story Fire Proof
Building, convenient to the steamboat landing and the
business part of the oity, renders it the most desirable Hotel in San Francisco.
l-'iogaiiilv furnished and fitted np in the most approved
.stvie for "comfort aud convenience, aud haviug a tatle
spread wiili the lust the markets affords, it is particularly
adapted to the accommodation of Families as well os the
Travelling I'ublic.
The citizens of the Southern part of the Plate, and the
public generallv, ure respectfully invited to call and judge
for themselves".
octlfi   Sm PECK fc FISHER, Proprietor*.
LOS ANGELES
BOOT Ami  SHOE STOKE.
Tilt; Citizens of [ps Angeles and Its vicinity ar
reflpecti'ulh-mfnrmod tbat the mostextensiv
variety ofBUOTS aud SliOF.'y in the Southern conn
try, may be found  at tbe .store of
JAMES   MORKIS,
ON MAIN STREET, NEXT   DOOR   TO
THE BELLA UNION,
Where  every  description  at Pools  and  Shoes  for Ladies.
Gents', and Misses' wear, direct from  the tnoit celebrated
nufacture in the La.-t, mav he obtained, at  less  prices
n at any other establishment in  this cily.
'hose afflicted with corns, will learn with pleasure that
by means ofa [latent aparatus, Mr.  M. is enabled to render
Boot perfectly easy and comfortable to the foot.
March 17, 1855. 3m
Livery anil Sale Slasjle.
day   week m- month, on the most readonahle terms.
ALHO—The hest Saddle and Uuggv Horses with line Bug-
gies lo lot at all times.
it^j- Horses bought, sold or exchanged on commission.
Persona wishing to buy, sell  or exchange  run  have ai
opportunity by calling at the above named place of
JOHN G. NICHOLS.
Los Angeles, "March 1, 1855. mhl   tf
COUNTY SURVEYOR'S OFFICE
IN.T. 0, Nichols, new brick building on Main street, np
s fans.
H. HANDCOCK. Ooo.vtv Surveyor.
GEO. HANSON, Hvitty.
I 28. 1886. No. 50— If
■w"xxJxJIJAJVl:s,
FAMILY GROCERY.
•■TTRi THE srB=CFUBKn£!AVIX(* LEAPED THE
iphi iitn.nixt; Fop.MKiii.v oat*PIED BV
UTH J. G. Niclnds, on Main street, where he will
^fff he happy to see  liis friends and the  public
sneralty.
GROCERIES OF EYERY
DESCRIPTION,
[EXCEPTING LIQUORS,]
iay he found at his Store,
CHEAP FOR CASH,.
a he ha- adopted tlie motto ''quick sales and small profit*. |"
lis stock ofgoods will always be selected ofthe hint quah-
y,»nd with special reference to the wants of I*is eusto-
18JW,    All who wish to purchase any article usually found
FAMILY GROCERY,
-ill roreivo (he full value of their
Los Angeles,  "March 10th, 1S53.
...  calling at hi
C. "WILLIAMS.
STUART & STONE.
ARCHITECTS  AND  UUlLDERSv
BUILDINGS OF BRICK, WOOD or ADOBE contracted for,
to he delivered complete.
«69-ELEVATIONS and SPECII-TCATIONS drawn for public or private houses.
it'). CllAIV PUMI'-j put up and warranted "togive satisfaction or no charge.
it-A- JOBiUXG of all funds done at short notice,
Iff]- OtTKT, npposilo Johnson & Alhinsorrs store. Store
on Main street, near the Montgomery House.
Los Angeles, April?, 1855. V
FOR SALE, OR TO LET.
3 YOKE of American cattle.     2 r]*m of gentle '
horses, and 1 ipan of American mules.
Apply at this Ofiicc.
VOL. 5.
LOS ANGELES, CAL., SATURDAY, JUNE 23, 1855.
NO. 6.
Cos T\n$U$ Stat.
Printed and published every Saturday, in Temple's Buildings, Main street,  head  of   Commercial, hy
J. S. WAITE.
Terms.—Subscription, Five Dollars per annum, payable
io advance.
Advertisements inserted at Two Hollars per square of ten
lines for tbo br.nt insertion, and One Dollar per square for
eaoh subsequent insertion.    Terms, Cash.
Transient advertisements must be paid for in advance
to insure attention.
No communication is artm'issable over a fictitious signature, unless the real author or writer ia known.
i Angeles Star.
authorized Agents for the
 San Gaoriel.
Jfor Shit J3T |W.
House and Lot for Sale.
«£V   A V'EUY DF.SlItAJIT.d-: ItOi'.SK, suitable for a small
tt'jjlj   family, containing two rooms, with a Lot attached,
]LbjL situated at the bead of Main  street,  is offered for
saJB on reasonable terms.
For further parlieuhus apply to
IGNACIO GAHCIA,
fcbS-tf Temple's Row, Main street.
Agents of tHc Jjo
The following gentlemen are
Star:
TaoilAS BunnicK .-.-
George Rice .-.-..
Messrs. Kxox k WHISTLER..,
S. S. THOMPgOK	
R. Hopkins	
Col. Jackson-.,	
At.ex. S. Tayi.oij	
Acta. A. Hi\aiJi.v.v  ...
Thomas Boyce -..-.
...Monte.
.. ,San Bernardino.
 Monterey.
 Santa Barbara.
 San FrancU-eo.
SADDLE aiKlHARXKSS j'-di..*!:.-*  :
LARGE ROAD \V'Ai,'A-  AND HARNESS ;
Two or throe pair I   D   ■* ■   [fi      fOLK HOGS.
And a number of HA Li-'  DU'uji Ao.
Purchasers wanting will find  it   lo their interest  to call
Ofi the subscribers previous to purchasing rl.sewhere.
jan25-tf
Pisttlliiiwoiis.
LOS   ANOELES   STAR
lull iritt&jj <fot*tWis{niti*nl
MAIN STREET, (Temple's Buildings,)
Ths proprietor of the Los Angelos Star, would respect
fully inform his friends aud the public, that he has
just received a large ami raided assortment of new material, and in now prepared to execute the following descriptions of
PLAIN AND FANCY
JOB PB.I"N*TISrG,
In tlie best style of tlie Art.
Books, Circulars, Law Blanks,
Pamphlets, Cards; Bills of E:xhangt
Bill Heads, Deeds, Bank Che«ks,
Labels, Notes, programmes,
Posters, Billots, Bills of Fare,
Or any   other description of l'rinfing that   may be desired.
flE^-^ersons  wishing work done are  respectfully mrited
to call and examine specimens
FOR SALE.
;vionA''i:!-'y.()PTiH':i'ri'>'i\u;i;icci.n'i'i;ALLANii^"^.
— irrigation  ■'>') acres under   fence,   has;  a  goodJUfflnlL
si'."- ! ii ■■■■-.-ary onthoit»es.
U(.   ,.v,i ii'.i,,.-   j./viom' whieh ;ire 1 r-1 Ilrrvdiiig   ginvs   in
;1im-..;.  linll.-'i:-, TOOLS,    TVAOOXS, kte
he Pano is Mtuated three miles from this City, and the
,' object fbe present, proprietor has ia selling ir, is   that
vish'es to leave the State.-
Sa, Terms easy.        Enquire of
ovi*.v-tf WM. 11. OSPDRN, Agent.
mmm
Cattrs,
FARM FOR SALE,
Tlie subscriber o'Avm liis Farm
taining One  Ilunon 1   aad   Pixty   A
iUoie'e Land, situated at Sac Q   ■ ■" -l His
i trave,ed mm 1   tr-.i..  i:.;'.-   City
to thi
. Be
rove of Olive and other Fruit
iv,',-,. t;.. i , iE c.i vi ..hie House, Corrals and othei
invett* - ' i- thai Stake ;■ a desirable location for tbe
'aire Bxistoaa, or for keeping ranch stock, having the ad-
antage of a large and unobstructed range.
For further information apply at the Oflice of the Los
i.weles S'I'ak, or on tho premises to
THOMAS I5URDTCK.
March 24, IS55.  .tf...
FOR SALE.
The tidfe* SEW  HOUSE Situated on   Alameda
L.,. e       -.   (1..-.   ,.,-..,.,„,.    ff    AXte,.,    ^1 ......t      r-.,,T,,1*tt-t,     flit.
MOSES SEARLES,
House, Sign & Ornamental Psiinter,
PAPER HANGER, GLAZIER AND GIIJJER.
Lumereauee Buildings, Main Street,
LOS ANGELES.
W.W. TWIST,
GROCER mul COMMISSION MERdiAN'f,-^
Melius Row, Aliso Strt.1.
Loo Angles, April 21, 1855. No. 49—3m
SAMUEL AEBUCKLE,
Auction & Commission Merchant
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
Sale   Room,   Principal   Street.
Opposite Temple's Building.
of MKUfHANDlSi: e,-e,e THIViSHAY.
S.A- iVIe, of HOUSES ;iiV MTU'V ev,-vy MONDAY.
-Articular   attention   given   to   tlie   sale of Hf*
«_ Silo,
SjT?e'
S3. P.
FOR SALE!
mile Entire   Furniture   audi   Bar  Fixtures  of
The Los Angeles Exchange
are now offered for sale cheap foi- cash, aa the 1'ropri
tor  intends leaving fhe pbn:e.     I'or   information   apply  1
tho Los AnstOrx H^:-G.r.n^, MAIN1 STREET.
LosAngeles, June <J: 1855. No.4^1
WILLIAM B OS'Sl'M'S
AUCTION     BOOMS,
LOS ASGBL^SSTREET,
A'EA'T DOOR TO Tl'E POST QPPltfZ,
OfS- FB8NITURS sales, every TUESDAYS.
l*3_ HORSES and MULES titte i, every SATURDAY.
JQ- All husiness in Any pitrt of tbe city anfl connty *'
The British Periodicals.
Early Copies Secured.
LEONARD,  SCOTT   & CO.,   New  York,   continue to reimMUh the following British Periodicals, via:
THE LONDON QUARTERLY (Consertialiee):
TIIE EDINBURGH REVIEW (Whig).
3.
TIIE NORTH BRITISH REVIEW (Free Church).
i.
THE ly'ESTlHNSTER REVIEW (Liberal).
BLACKWOOD'S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE
(Tory).
The present critical state of Eartrpsan stltAvs iviil render
these publications uiiusuallv iuto'rostin,: ,:lorhr;,' the forth-
[■ouihur rear.    Thev will occuov a   luhlofe a'founo. between
isted to me shall he de'spaieiicd  with pr
.alisfaetorilr. Wl. 11. UeEVRS,
I.oa Angeles, March 1st, 1855.
mhl
Doctor
rpF.Nnthts h
1  it, Viciuit
A. B. Hiiiinuni,
es to the eitizens of Los AnvelfS an
the Yiirion." branehes of tho praelk'e. i
tthe Bella Onion. febl-tf
J)
Matthew Lftiifinnto,
KALRR IX PROVISION:-*, OIWCKRIKS  AXD I,TQU0I1*=
Calle de los Nesros, Loa Angeles. anSl    tf
■Cbjs. R. Jonsao-». H. S. Aiiiw
.ToJmson & Allriiiflou,
Sum-Mirs   to   Alexander   A    M'-Uiis, ... ...
WHOLESALE  AM'   RETAIL  DEM-ERS  IN  GENERAL
MKIlCIIAXmsK Main st -, I.os An-eles.        .au!7     H
GEORGE   HABTSON,
DEPUTY COUNTY SURVEYOR
Ol-FUK—rp-stairs in Niehol-i' New Brief; Building, opposite tlie ■■Southern Culil'ornia" Office.
Lop Angelea, Kay 5, 1S55. No. 51—ly
Extract of California History Ity  Alexjunler S.
Taylor, of Blonterey.
How strange tbe mutations ot time in the SffMn
of mon and nations. A few months ago a groat
flourish of trumpets came oft" in thia modem Athena
in which the forty-niners shone in splendor refulgent. But sixty-nine years ago there came to ttfAe
then silent snores, a countryman of ours, sick and
dying with devouring eeurvy. who gave up his
spirit unto the Judge of all flesh, and his soul was
shrived by a foreign priest and his eyescloscd with
a stranger's hands. This was the original Yankee
Settler.- He was then only one in the land. But
in September 1854, tbe Californian which held his
dust, had in six short years become the talk of the
world and stirred the souls of the world's inhabitants as hath never been stirred before; nay not
even by Christ's name. For it even started the
live hundred millions of Asia from the sleep of centuries of dead ideas.
How apt comes the reflection (cynical, so called,
but truthful nevertheless,) of Byron—
'• And when his bones are dust, his grave a blank.
Iiis station, generation, even bis nation
Become a Ihing, or nothing, but rank
In chronological commemoration,
Some dull MS. oblivion long lias sank,
Or graven stone found in a barrack's station
In digging the foundation of a closet,
May turn his name up as a rare deposit."
And the next conjunction of continental events
bearing Europe-ward and America-wise, was the
empire of the English colonists of the Atlantic,
found -d by George Washington and our forefathers
of pure and honest fames, for integrity and noble
simplicity—until it became, under the administration of Thomas Jellerson the philosopher, statesman, sage and philanthropist, a democratic republic. And for inasmuch that a " family compact,"
between the Bourbon Monarchs of Spain and France
in 17t>2, with great solemnity, alter " the old French
war" of our ancestors, and Spain became possessed wtih diplomatic formality in 17o9—the year of
the foundation of California—of all the boundaries
ofthe new provinces of Louisiana aud Florida
which stretched irom the Atlantic shores of Florida
.and so winding and turning everywhere southwards
along Gulf of Mexico coasts; then up the Mississippi northward and westward beyond into God
knows where, and stretching towards the setting
snii uutil it stops at the beaches, where breaks with
thundering roar the vast Pacitic ocean.
Then this said Thomas Jellerson, book worm, author, student, and declaimer, after former devoted
services, came into the general government of the
sixteen United States and their territories, first as
secretary for his country to all outsiders—Vice-
President second, and then on the fourth day of
March 1801 he became as,he says only our '-chief
magistrate," and he sat on the bench of magistracy eight years and be took notes of what was
going on iu Louisiana; that she was re-sold by
Spain to France in 1800—that Spain aud France
formed'strange laws and policies to keep Hoosiers
and Kentuckians from flat-boat navigation, etc.,
etc.. on Mississippi waters. And then did the chief
rnagtetftrte put thiB and that together which he had
read in old books of travels, history and geography ; for he was one to pick the cream of matter
frem authors ; and catching France, Spain and England in an ugly "pinch" of conjunctions of I>
And also before Old Hickory, was Daniel Boone,
high patriarch' of forest animals and prince ofthe
followers of Robin Hood; of whom great Byron
hath said in Eton Juan Of immortal wit:
" Crime came not near him—she is not the child
Of solitude; health shrank not from him—for
Her home is in the rarely trodden wild
Where if men seek her not, and death be more
Their choice than life, forgive them, as beguiled
By habit to what their own hearts abhor-
In cities caged.    The present case in point I
Cite is, that Boone lived hunting up to ninety ;
And what's still stranger, left behind a name—
For which men vainly decimate the throng—
Not only famous, but of that good fame
Without which glory's but a tavern song-
Simple, serene, the antipodes of shams,
Which hate nor envy e'er could tinge with "wrong :
An active hermit, even in age the child
Of nature, or the Man of Itoss run wild.
'Tis true lie shrank from men, even of his nation,
When they built up to his darling ti'ees—
He moved some hundred miles off, lor a station
Where there were fewer houses and more ease—
The inconvenience of civilization
Is, that you neither can be pleased nor please ;—-
But when he met the individual man
He showed himself as kind ae mortal can."
And much more of Boone, as beautiful «nd true,
which may bo found by reading canto eight, verse
forty-eight to one and forty-two.
And in these times Sprang into notice John C.
Calhoun, a man of rare and unrivalled genius, student of books and Master of political logic ; not
like his enemy Jack-on, but a man given to vagaries of abstractions and nullifications; a just and
revered man, but lacking the homespun character
of bim who swore "by the eternal," thatcorne what
might this Union of Sovereign States '• must and
shall be preserved." And they were, malgre all
the Jacobites, factionists and wild barem-scarem
national spouters, and the sub-keepers of Uncle
Sam's extra stores of political wind.
Then also arose the first settlements of Texas,
and also the hunters of Kentucky, who went trapping into the Rocky Mountains and tbey crossed
over thence to look after the beaver and to look after the skins of sea otter into California ; and of
which they made great slaughter. After that, the
old hunters mectiug the Yankee Sailors of Down
East in this fair land, saw that it was a goodly land ;
and they married the fat and bttxom Mnchachas,
and begot children, and had landa and the cattle
on a thousand hills: of whom and their generation,
many to this day remain in the Palestine of the Pacific, where the land flows with milk and honey,and
every tenth woman is blessed With a double baker's
dozen of samples of Uncle Sam's chunks of human
nature.
Then arose in IS30 the Texan times that tried
her first settler's souls: the flood of human tide
was rolling south and west—of whom and of which,
the sagacious student De Tocaueville says in the
same 1830 : (we cannot find better words, to depict
the truths of actual history, in prophets mouths :)
"Obstaclesto their progress unexpectedly encountered are sometimes met with. The advancing
column then halts for awhile ; its two extremities
fall back upon themselves, and as soon as they are
re-united ihey proceed onward. This gradual aud
continuous progress of the European race toward
the Rocky Mountains bas the solemnity of a providential event. It is like a deluge of men rising un-
abatedly, and driven onward by the hand of God
so continuous, who«e w;\ges ure s-:o inadeipiate, nn
Printers. If a "typo" be a man of tamily, be Es
debarred of fhe privilege of enjoying their society
at all times, because his hour.- of labor are almost
Hldless, a:id liis moments of Ui^nre so  few that
they must be spoilt to recruit his exhausted ener-
gies, and prepare him for the renewal of bis tolls.
Poor fellow ! He knows nothing of sociabSlit.V, and
is shut out from the world 113 a convict in a prison
cell. Truly he is in the world, yet knows not of
it.- Toil, toil, toil, by night and by day. is liis
fate, until premature old age ends his existence.—
For the advancement of science, morality and virtue, the chords Of his heart are sundered one by
one, and when his race is run, aud time to bim is
no more, he goes down to the grave unenred for
and unknown, though bia existence has been sacrificed for the benefit of his race.
When we hear mechanics crying out against
oppression, and demanding Certain bows for labor
and fot rest, we camoot but reifed upon thiseltuap
tion of Our own craft; how every moment of their
lives is forced into service to earn Et bare subsistence,
and how uncomplaining they tfceyote themsah 08 to
the good of that same public, v.lio wear them as a
loose garment, to be denned when convenient. and
doffed when no longer needed.
Printers are universally poor' men, and for two
reasons. The lirst is—they rarely ever receive a
lair compensation for their services. And the sec-
ondis—that inured to'coiitinual MiiTering.privaiioii,
and toil, their purse-strings are never united at the
bidding of charity, and the hui'd-canied 'dimes'
are freely distributed for the relief of their fellow
men. Thus it is that they live poor and die poor,
and if a suitable reward docs not await them after
death, sad indeed must be the beginning, the existence, and the end of poor ''■ typOS."
led t
f now  permanently n
C. C. ALKXAnmiiR. !>■   W.   AT.EX A Ml I!!:, PIIIV1UK J1AXM1K
ALEXANDERS & BANNING.
"Forwarding and Commissinn vfi-rrtistitsf
SAN PEIUU) ASI) I.OS A-\*;'-'U',3, Cal,
 AGENTS.	
It. N". ALEXANDER,- Loa Angeles.
RANKIN k CO., Sun Francisco. nov 23 tf
O- PUCOTTi TTB -VLXX.9
WATCHMAKER   &    BOOKSELLER,
COMMERCIAL STREET,
Los AsaBLss, Ckh.
ikrchiteot and Builder.
TUB imdorsigned offers his servicaa to tliu public a^ un
Architect and BttjWer.
ELEVATIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS
DRAWN.
Contract! for all dtsci'lptions of Buildings
made nnd executed in the best manner, and at the shortest notice.
lluililing Materials
of all descriptions constiint.Iv on hand and for sale at  his
Lumber Yard, MAIS STREET.
DOORS, BLINDS AND SASH
oT fL.ll des or iptions constantly on hand.
Workshop in Melius'' Row.
Office at Lumber Yard, Main street.
IRA GILCHRIST.
REMKKNCES :
Abel StearneB. Esq., I     Hon. Francis Melius,
H»nryDalton, Esq., |     B. 0. Wilson, Esq.,
ja,ull-tf "Win, T. B, Sanford, Esq.
_^tTsalT'Tlalt'**
T;-1E PACIFIC SALT WORKS CO. having completed
tlieir block, consisting of fifty kettles, and being now
in complete operation, are prepared to contract for.any
quantity of SALT, deliverable at the Company's Works, on
the coast, about tn-eK-e miles north of the anchorage of
Sxn l'edro, and distant from Los Angeles sixteen miles.
where vessels can lo*d with the.^real.rsl facility, the "beach
being considered preferable for loading and discharging to
anv soutli of San Francisco-
Samples ofthe Salt ean he seen at the office of the Com-
nanv. Loa Angles, or at Case, lleiser k Co., San Knnii-is-
It CHAS. R. JOHNSON.-
Secretary P. S. W. Co.
Salt packed for tlie trade in any siy.ed sacks, and delivered at the Works, or at the Company's Warehouse. Los
AnMg). re*>84f
Aug. W- Timms,
Forwarding and Commission Sit reliant,
SAN PEDRO.
AU goods consigned to me will be forwarded with dispatch
nd from Sao l'edro anil San I'ranei^eo aod intermediate
' ,. und all en ii) mission busi-
able hi      ■} i fen
their weH 0 taWi
tesding PuWfic.
OBf* Arraneem'
receipt of EARLY
whieh we are eu;:
hands atenhscribera, al      tui    nasi : "       ra     "■!
ed with the foreign copi--. Althouirh ' ■■ '":■.■■-. - ,-.y
large outlay o» our part, we shall eoailnM to ivrn.-u the
Periodical.-; at the same low rates as heretofore, viz :
fai tinf one of the four Reviews S3 00
For anv two ofthe four Reviews   9 00
Foratty three of the foot Reviews  7 00
Forallfourori-v-i.-i'-^    8 00
Furl-'ac-kwood'- ■'■..:,   ae  3 00
For Blackwood an 1 tlire- Ifcvi-uv    0  Oil
For Blackwood and the ft.nr Review* 10 00
Payments to be made in all cases in advance.
Money current in the State where issued will he
receiiied at par.
CLUBBING.
eof  the  above  -
Postage.
M-vaid
DTT & CO.-,
reel. New York.
■ published, and hai
1 and 660 w
tings.—
containing 100(1 pages, 14 stoi
Price, in muslin binding, SO.
^S^. This work is not the old "Book of the
Farnif lately resuscitated and thrown upon the
market.  ..-..
Blacksmith ami Carriage £liop.
Los Angeles Street, next door to Childs,   nicks aifd Dennis
^gggg*      THE SHBSCKIPEHS   would   respecf_fu!l.v
ncatnvss oud dispatch. None but e\|ierie:-(vl wo/km
will be employed, and as both departments are uimer t
imno liati* superintendence ol tlie prnpneinvs. oureusto
ers niiy rest assured that their work will be done in a si
isfact >ry and workmanlike manner. _
3 tf
to
Almanacs! Almanacs!
JUST RECEIVED AT THE STAR OFFICE, a. supply of th*
CALIFORNIA STATE ALMANAC for 1855. janl!
ports.    Advances made
nesa attended to with promptness.
A line ol'sla-'-es wili leave Sun Pedro for Los Amrcles n
mediately on the arrival of each steamer ; also will lea
Los Angeles from the Holla Union Hotel for San l'edro,
lime to"meet tlie steamer for San FYaneisco,
jtl3- Tickets can be had of Lake Jt Coler. Los Angeks.
Los Angeles, May]?, 1855. Ko. 1— 3m
Home   Maiuiintiorj*,
Main Street, nearly opposite the Star Office-
foy' &u beotseb.
sapdlk aa'd jiarxxss makers.
Keens   oon.taulh' on  hand  an  assortment   of
SADDLES,   HARNESS,   IHUPI.FS,   WHIPS, COLLARS, SADDLE WARE, Sse.       ,,,,-,     r     ,,   tn mir
We are also prepared bn execute all kinds of n ork  in  our
line at the shortest possible notice-.
A superior lot of California liitts tui Spursjilway.^ on
liar, d.          	
FETJIT STORE
and Soda Fountain I!!
subscriber havinu; m addition
" "     SODA FOUNTAIN-   A-M)
—   ■stablish-
frpi-iE
CONFECTIONARY STOlli:.
ed a Fruit business, begs leave to .,.-
from liis C-iends and the public gen-
erallv, tlmt he will haNO constant ly
on hand ihe best fruits llus country
affords, aiul lias made arrangements to recoiv.
the celebrated fruit of Wm, Stockton. ksl(., o, Sau Gabriel.
,   \     /ai-., receive In  every Steamer a good  supP y of
OBVM-A     PIXK-AITLKS,    BANANAS,
NUTS, ALMONDS, kc
uaueu mid in ill-plots, ho bought from Napoleon of I ter aft Aoglo-AmerieaB State has been known to
i... -,n.u ...■ .—;i iQtxQ *„.. fi*i«^, *«!i I grow as rapidly as a man ; passing from birth and
infancy to maturity in- the conrse of thirty years.
There was once a time when the three greatest
rivers of North America flowed within the domin-
yns of France. Now, to thu Southwest, Spanish
.Mexico presents a barrier to the Anglo-Americans.
The limits of separation have been settled by a treaty,- but I do not doubt tbftt they will shortly infringe
this arrangement: for vast provinces extending
beyond the frontiers of the Union toward Mexico
arc still destitute ©f inhabitants.- The natives of
the United States will forestall tbe rightful occupants of these solitary regions and establish social
institutions ; so that when the legal owner arrives
he will find the wilderness under cultivation aud
strangers quietly settled in the midst of his inheritance. The province of Texas is still part of the
.Mexican dominions, but it will soon contain no
Mexicans: there the Anglo-Amerieans are gradually founding the empire of their own language
and their own manners.
And then on the llh day of July 18-15 was annexed
unto these United States this same Texas, by the
voluntary act of its citizens, and we became with
them compartners in that vast and fertile territory
of unknown wealth, bounded southward by theltio
Grande del Norte, and stretching away west and
north t(/the outlying spurs ofthe Rocky .Moan-
tains aud containing over 325,000 of square miles
of land, and rounding off the sharp corners of our
southern boundary ; done into acres, it is two hundred aud eight and a-half millions, and all requir-
in<>" new fencing material.
Tnen arose out of the Annexation of Texas—
which effected no more than England had done with
Scinde. Assam and the I'ntijaub, and latterly in
1854 all Bnrmah ; aud France with Algeria; but
it was done more peaceably and cheaply—the war
of 18-Ki with Mexico, which resulted in tne standard
ofthe American Eagle being lifted up loftily, and
flaunted itaily tothe wind from the comes ot the
Halls ofthe Montezumas— iu the ancient capital of
the Aztecs, conquered ot Hernau Corte/ in 1821.
\ud also this gave unto the race of the Anglo-Saxon the mid-northern shores of Pacific America, the
fairest, most fertile, most salubrious country on the
face ofthe wide earth, and forever perhaps contirm-
ed to this Republican "Empire, the domination 0f
the western continent. With :.i,000 men ; hunters,
"inn-rant*-*, volunteers and sailors,- it gave to ns,
and for fifteen millions of dollars we acquired domain over, four hundred and forty-eight thousand
iqinre miles of new territory : containing two hundred and eighty-seven millions and more square
acres, and enough "to sweat under any numoer of
one hundred and sixty acre bounty land warrants.
Also came at the same time that adjoining tract of
land better known as New Mexico, full of sheep
and buffaloes and queer Moquis, roaming Apache's,,
ravage Camanches, andwarlikeNavajoes ; and containing some seventy-eight millions of square miles.
Plenty of land: planty of land ; but enough not
mentioned, as we'had under the administration of
Young Hickory, a godson of of Old Hickory, acquired after forty years long badgering with Old
Hull, that fertile territory watered by the great
river ofthe west, which was discovered by tbe Greek
pilot Juan de Fuca in 1592, and commonly called
Oregon : as so named bv the Spaniards of Padre
Juinpero's time : the aldittional parcel and piece
or land containing a little more or less three hun-
and forty one thousand square miles, or two hundred and eighty seven millions of square acres, and
covered with heavy forests on mountain sides of
volcanic ranges, topping the regions of eternal
snows; and suiToumliDg valleys of beautiful prairies of exceeding salubrity: where future giants
of American mountaineers shall grow and flourish
in pristine vigor in the ages of coming prosperity
and danger to our dearly beloved country. And
the ratifications ofthe same were exchanged iu solemn treaty at Washington on the 15th day of June
i. D. 1846.
Loi Angelc
uJaoftie. 1886,
CHARLES PHACHNO.
France, ott the 30th of April 1803, for fifteen mi
lions of dollars, all that certain piece of parcel of
land from the mouth of the Perdido across the Missis: ippi up and west of the Mississippi to the north
fork ot the Arkansas, until it toncbed the forty
secend degree of parallel north, and tben away off
along that line of latitude until it stopped at the
ocean waves ofthe great sea; and included 90,000
French aud Spanish inhabitants with their slaves ;
atifi covered one million of square miles superficial,
of territory. Al! this came Irom study of men and
;vents ; of thoughts and tacts, in books aud papers
.tored ; but are your bookmen worth anything?
Ami furthermore, matters were laid in train by the
aforesaid ''Son of old Vlrgfaiia;" which we Americans by theeagaraonsarrangementsplannedbyhim
sinee 1800, eontiuued to, and finally executed, with
all ministerial formality, in the midst of Spain's
throes of distress and anarchy, on the 'ltd day of
February 1S19, through aud by liis political godson James Monroe ; did purchase all that other
and adjoining lot with the sundry water frontage
and privileges pertaining thereto of the present
Slate of Florida; thus giving to us the supreme
control of the northern shores of the'Gulf of Mexico from Atlantic waves toSabineiiows; the trilling
matter of five millions of dollars for some 00,000
square miles of new fields for emigrant conquest.
aud a complete predominance in the waters ofthe
American Mediterranean.
Hear the words of Napoleon LeJG-rand in 1183
when the throes of his thrones, ana the might of
his fame began to tremble ; -jThe force of physical
power is indeed great, unt that of moral opinion
is overwhelming!" This man had a soul indeed,
and to bim France was every thing, and he reigned
high on throne, aad embattled set ia the hearts of
his countrymen. But the cloud came ; he fell atid
died on a lone ocean rock, tike the old California
discoverer, Rodriguez Cabrillo— the last is forgotten in men's memories, though he gave a great
countrv to the world ; but, Napoleon uo! his monument, encasing the mortal body is seen every day
of men. aud his system hath made a new resurrection in onr time; but who ever searched out the
last restin"- place of California's lirst hero and greatest? None—not even a place that goes by his name
in the land he made known to men ; a lone isle his
grave, his tomb nature's womb ; his eptaph an old
book ;'his requiem the wild surging surf-broken
billow.    Let him there lie.
Then came the times of the rapid spread of ihe
descendants of^the children of revolutionary sires
over the mighty rivers, lakes, forests and prairies
ofthe «Teat valley of the Father of Waters. Aud
from 1800 to 1824 they tilled the land from Maine
to Louisiana and from the Atlantic to the Rocky
Mountains, with an unknown energy and the mighty spirit ol the peaceful occupations of a race of
the most restless and unquiet mortals on the face
of the earth. And there was sent out to survey old
Louisiana and everywhere to the great oceau, to
spy otTt the good things of the land aud its marvellous and strange sights, the Captains Lewis and
C'arke great travelers and observing men. officers
ofUncU/Sam's little army who done credit to their
countrv. And they arrived from over the Rocky
Mountains, down unto the mouth of the great Columbia river at the ocean shores, on ihe loth day
of November A. P. 1805—the lirst of civilized men
of books who had accomplished this uow every day
undertaking. All honor be unto the fame ot these
ancient soldiers- and pioneers of the far west.
■Vnd also came to light in these times, tiie fame
and name of Andrew Jackson, born in the bill countrv of South Carolina ; au honest backwoodsman, a
plain farmer's son, a man of indomitable will, of
noble just and generous heart aud principles; ot
unconquerable courage and valor who subdued the
n-n-Ws ofthe Southwest and look captives atNew
Orleans on the Sth of January 1815, the proudhosts
of the conquerers of the conqueror of Europe, and
the soldiers of the merchant's subjugators ofthe
hundreds ofmillions of oriental India. And then he
was Chief Magistrate lev eight years.
And he, now surnamed " Old Hickory," died tn
his home ct Tennessee, hard by to the flows ol the
F'lther of Waters, on the 8th day ot June \Mo : and
he lies forever embalmed in the rugged alleciiou*
ofhis countrymen at. a pure and spotless patriot :
a noble defender of the rights ol man and a philanthropist ofthe true cosmopolitan stamp.
A Trne Mon.
If I shall describe a living man, a man that hath
that life that distinguishes him from a fowl or a bird,
that which gives him a capacity next to angels;
we shall find that even a good man lives not long,
because it is long before he is bom to this life, and
longer yet before he hath a mairs growth. "He
tbat can look upon death, and see ifa face with the
same countenance with which he hears its Bttry;
that can endure all the labors of liis life with his
soul supporting his body ; that can equally despise'
riches when he hath them, aud when lie hath them
not.; that is not .-adder if thoy lie in his neighbor's
trunks, uor more brag: if they shine round about
his own walls ; he tliat is never moved with good
forfnne coming to him, nor going from him ; that
can look upon another man's lands, evenly aiul
pleasedly as if they were his own, and yet look
upon bis own and use them, too, just ae if they
were another mairs ; that neither spends his goods
prodigally, and like a fool, nor yet keeps them avariciously and like a wretch ; that weighs not benefits by weight and number, but by the mind and
circumstances of him that gives them ; that never
thinks his charity expensive if a worthy person be
the receiver; he that does nothing fbr opinion's
sake, but everything for conscience, being as cu
Fiona of hia thoughts as of his actings in toarketa
and theatres, and is as much in awe of himself as
of a whole assembly ; he thai knows God looks on,
and contrives secret aflairs as in the gresenee of
God and bis holy angels *: that eats and drinks
because he needs it, not that he may serve a lust
or load his stomach ; he that is bountiful and cheerful to his friends, and charitable and apt to forgive
his enemies ; that loves his country and obeys his
prince, and desires and endeavors nothing more
than that they may do honor to God ;" this person
may reckon his life to be the life of a man. and
compute his months, not by the eourse of ihe f.i n,-
but the zodiac and circle of his virtues: beeaise
these are such things whieh fools aud children, can
uot have. These are therefore the actions of life,
because they are tho seeds of immortality. That
day in which we have done some excellent thing,
we may as truly reckon to be added to our life, aa
were the fifteen years to tlie days of Ilezokiah —
[Bishop Taylor,
I'rinters, it is said, die at an early age. _ This is
doubtless caused bv the noxious effluvia rising trom
the types, the want of exercise, consiant employ-
mmfc "and the late hours to which their work is
prolonged. Tbere is no other class of human
neingf". whose privileges are so few, whose labor .is
A PAITIIFCL. GJIUj.
A case of woman's devotion has recently been
brought to our knowledge which certainly equals
anything that we have ever met with in tiie reuiiv.s
of romance, The circumstances occurred iii this
city, and afo perfectly well authenticated. While
tlK: small pox was raging hen; a few weeks ago, a
yo'ung man employed iu a BtoW on Lake Btueet,
was seized with the disease.- It was, of course, improper for him to remain there, and the people with
whom he lived, who were distant relatives ofhis,
refused to permit him to st*y in theii; hoifee. The
result was he was taken to the) pes\ house.
It so happened that he was engaged to be married to a most estimable aod amiable young b»dy.
No sooner did she hear ofhis condition than she
determined art once that she would nurse him. She
underwent vaccina; em. and "tfeat where tiny had
taken ber betrothed—to tlie pest house. Here she
foand him,-alone, sick, wretched, deserted by all
the world.    And here she remained, like a minis-
tersagangel, v.i.u.i..-. b..s de bi.s fc*3 oi. aa-ai,soothing his distresses and attending to his wants, He
died—but how consoling must hare been his last
moments.
Though all the world had forpaken him, she,
whom he loved better than all the world, remaining faithful to the lart. Her hand it wus that
smoothed his pillow; her eyes still beamed upon
him with mournful but niiabated afiection ; into
her ear he poured his last words of love, of sorrow,
and of hopes that in this world might never bj lui-
fiHed.
It recalled to* our mind, when we heard it, the
words that Bnlwer pnts fn the mouth of one of hia
characters; '*To Be watohed and tended bj one we
love, who would uot walk blind f-nd barefoot over
tbe w*wW."-*EChieago Tribune.
Litt'i.e TftOEKs. —The sweetest, the most cling-
ing atfeetiou is often shaken by the slightest breaih
ot unkindness. as the delicate tendrils ol tlie vine
are agitated by the fair air that blows in summer,
£n unkind word from one beloved, often draws
the blood from many a heart which would defy the
b;lttle-a\e of hatred, or Ihe keenest edge of vindictive satire. Nav, the Bhade, the gloom of the face,
familiar aud dear, awakens grief ami pain. These
aro the little thorns which, though men of rougher
forms make tbeir way through them without feeling
much, cxtremelv incommode persons of mere refined
sense, in their journey through life, aud make then-
traveling irksome aud unpleasant.
Tiik Age to Beoik Seiioot,.—Children are generally sent to school too young. This is the testimony of all experienced teachers. Children sent
to school at four years ol age, and those sent at
seven, will be, in almost all cases.equally advauei d
at nine, with the advantages for further progress
all in favor of the latter. Thousands ol ytmng
minds are stunted and permanently dwarled, by
(oo earlv application to study, and thouBa&da Ot
voung hearts receive an irradical taint oi moral
corruption, by too early exposure to ihe evil influences found in a promiscous gathering ot (he older
children. ,
\ Hivr to Matrimony.—We publish the following good prescription gratis, lur (he benefit of
young ladies, who are somewhat interested :
To cure a pain in the breast.—Procure a well-
made woollen dress, with an equally well constructed Woman inside of it, and pi-ss v.\^-U to the part
affected. Repeat the application till the pain eeaB-
e? This reeeipe, when llic; directions are earetuliy
observed, has rarely been known to i,;;l in effect
in" a cure. Tao medicine is found m almost et ery
household, and may possibly cost a trifle,