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MAINTAINING HISTORIC INTEGRITY AND SOLVING A REHABILITATION
DILEMMA:
THE HISTORY OF HOLLOW CLAY TILE AND AN ARGUMENT FOR ITS
PRESERVATION
BY
LORETTA ANN KATHRYN CIMMARUSTI
A Thesis Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
University of Southern California
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirement for the Degree
Master of Historic Preservation
December 2012
Copyright 2012 Loretta Ann Kathryn Cimmarusti
Object Description
| Title | Maintaining historic integrity and solving a rehabilitation dilemma: the history of hollow clay tile and an argument for its preservation |
| Author | Cimmarusti, Loretta Ann Kathryn |
| Author email | lacimm84@gmail.com;lacimm84@gmail.com |
| Degree | Master of Historic Preservation |
| Document type | Thesis |
| Degree program | Historic Preservation |
| School | School of Architecture |
| Date defended/completed | 2012-09-13 |
| Date submitted | 2012-10-15 |
| Date approved | 2012-10-16 |
| Restricted until | 2012-10-16 |
| Date published | 2012-10-16 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Sandmeier, Trudi |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Lesak, John Green, Melvyn |
| Abstract | This thesis is intended to be a collection of history, development, modern problems, and solutions for the historic building material known as hollow clay tile (HCT). HCT became commonplace in the United States after 1900, used in a number of different building applications.1 Following the Chicago fire of 1871, there was a demand for a fireproofing material to protect the iron and steel framing systems of tall buildings. Terra cotta manufacturers responded by producing a hollow block that could be wrapped around iron and steel members to protect them from fire. This usage of the material eventually developed into a fireproofing floor system, then evolved even further into structural load bearing and partition wall systems. ❧ HCT reached its peak of popularity on the west coast between the 1920s and 1940s, and the material was used throughout Southern California, especially in areas with a large concentration of tall buildings, like downtown Los Angeles. However, the material began to fall out of popularity after it failed structurally in a series of earthquakes. Earthquakes such as Santa Barbara (1925) and Long Beach (1933), both of which caused major destruction of unreinforced masonry buildings, brought about serious changes in building codes throughout the west coast. In addition, by the 1920s, the invention of newer, more cost effective and easily manufactured building materials, such as Gypsum block and fiber-board, also had a negative effect. ❧ Today HCT poses a dilemma for many preservationists, architects, engineers, and developers, especially on the west coast. HCT can be a life/safety issue, especially if the material is located in exit corridors or escape routes. However, conservation of the material can be crucial to the preservation integrity of the structure because it is often a major part of the historic fabric of the building. Through case study analysis of examples from the Southern California region, solutions for the HCT rehabilitation will be explored. |
| Keyword | HCT; hollow; tile; clay tile; hollow tile; preservation |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Rights | Cimmarusti, Loretta Ann Kathryn |
| Access conditions | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@usc.edu |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume4/etd-Cimmarusti-1251.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | MAINTAINING HISTORIC INTEGRITY AND SOLVING A REHABILITATION DILEMMA: THE HISTORY OF HOLLOW CLAY TILE AND AN ARGUMENT FOR ITS PRESERVATION BY LORETTA ANN KATHRYN CIMMARUSTI A Thesis Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE University of Southern California In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Historic Preservation December 2012 Copyright 2012 Loretta Ann Kathryn Cimmarusti |
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