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THE RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONAL DIVIDE IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY
LEBANON: INSTITUTIONAL ROOTS OF COMMUNAL EDUCATIONAL
CHOICES
by
Hania Abou al-Shamat
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(POLITICAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC POLICY)
December 2008
Copyright 2008 Hania Abou Al-Shamat
Object Description
| Title | The religious educational divide in nineteenth-century Lebanon: institutional roots of communal educational choices |
| Author | Abou al-Shamat, Hania |
| Author email | aboualsh@usc.edu; haniashamat@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Political Economy & Public Policy |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-04-16 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until Sep. 18, 2010 |
| Date published | 2010-09-18 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Kuran, Timur |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Brand, Laurie Rideout, William |
| Abstract | In 19th century Lebanon, Christians were attending newly founded modern schools in large numbers while Muslims were generally content with traditional religious schools. By the end of the century this situation created a discrepancy in the educational level attained, with Christians in the lead. The discrepancy is usually attributed to Christians’ access to missionary schools, Christians’ establishment of modern schools, and Muslim religious leaders’ opposition to educational reform. Revisiting the discrepancy from a novel perspective, this study identifies two missing elements: first, the students and their parents, who form the demand side of education; second, the limited provision of modern education by Muslims. It establishes a framework to analyze the institutional roots of these two patterns.; Treating education as a social and economic investment, the study analyzes the labor market and social networks that Muslims and Christians faced in order to understand their respective motives form receiving a modern education. It is found that, among men, a set of institutions shaped the Muslim labor market in a way that rewarded Islamic schools graduates economically and socially, dampening the incentive for reforming Muslim educational institutions. Among women, contrary to the Christians, Muslims’ institutions of the labor market and marriage did not change to dictate respective modifications in educational choices. The study also explores two routes for the provision of modern education by Muslims: reforming traditional religious schools and founding new schools. The individualistic structure of Muslims’ institutions, their lack of centralization, and the legitimization system that chained it to the past hindered both routes.; The study concludes that the institutional complex available to each religious group, rather than religion as a set of values per se, explains the educational divide. Modern schools were not sufficient to generate their own demand among Muslims. Rather, a complex of complementary institutions sustained demand for old education at a time of educational reform. The policy implication is that successful reforms come in packages. Complementary institutions need to be altered simultaneously to reshape people’s incentives towards institutional change. |
| Keyword | political and economic institutional change; political and economic histories of the Middle East; religion and economic performance; minorities in the Middle East; economic development; entrepreneur |
| Geographic subject (country) | Lebanon |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1607 |
| Rights | Abou al-Shamat, Hania |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-alShamat-2378 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-alShamat-2378.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | THE RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONAL DIVIDE IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY LEBANON: INSTITUTIONAL ROOTS OF COMMUNAL EDUCATIONAL CHOICES by Hania Abou al-Shamat A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (POLITICAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC POLICY) December 2008 Copyright 2008 Hania Abou Al-Shamat |
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