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i
EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA) EMERGENCY AID FOR EXTENDED
PLANETARY SURFACE MISSIONS:
THROUGH-THE-SPACESUIT INTRAVENOUS (IV) ADMINISTRATION
by
Alejandro R. Diaz
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(ASTRONAUTICAL ENGINEERING)
May 2012
Copyright 2012 Alejandro R. Diaz
Object Description
| Title | Extravehicular activity (EVA) emergency aid for extended planetary surface missions: through-the-spacesuit intravenous (IV) administration |
| Author | Diaz, Alejandro R. |
| Author email | adiaz@usc.edu;alejandro.r.diaz@boeing.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Astronautical Engineering |
| School | Viterbi School of Engineering |
| Date defended/completed | 2012-03-06 |
| Date submitted | 2012-03-23 |
| Date approved | 2012-03-26 |
| Restricted until | 2012-03-26 |
| Date published | 2012-03-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Kunc, Joseph |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Erwin, Daniel Gruntman, Mike Rygalov, Vadim Hsiai, Tzung |
| Abstract | Future NASA space exploration strategic plans will call for extended human presence in space, with long term missions to the Moon and/or Mars. This human presence in extra-terrestrial locations will require use of Extra-Vehicular Activities (EVAs). Planetary surface EVAs will be an essential part of human space exploration, but involve inherently dangerous procedures which can put crew safety at risk. To help mitigate these risks, astronaut training programs will spend substantial attention on preparing for planetary surface EVA emergencies. And though EVA emergency protocols will be to transport an ill/injured EVA crewmember to a pressurized safe haven for medical intervention, there may be situations where this will not be expeditiously possible. Furthermore, even though most serious health risks will be diagnosed before flight, there will be unforeseeable EVA illnesses and/or injuries which may require the use of intravenous (IV) fluid administration. ❧ The purpose of this research is to propose a through-the-spacesuit IV administration concept approach for future spacesuits. This capability would allow for enhanced patient accessibility during EVA emergencies. In the case of serious injury and/or illness during an EVA, IV fluid administration might be necessary until the patient is transported back to a pressurized safe haven. To date, only Apollo spacesuits have incorporated a through-the-spacesuit injection provision, which allowed for intramuscular (IM) injections. However, no spacesuit has incorporated an IV capability. ❧ The methodology to conduct this research was to identify key researchers in the spacesuit design and aerospace medicine fields and engage them in this study. An extensive literature review was also performed, which concluded that no prior spacesuit had an IV capability incorporated into its design; a through-the-spacesuit concept approach was developed and tested; and topics were identified to be performed as part of future research. ❧ The reason for this research arose from the author's participation (as EVA Director) at the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS), NASA Spaceward Bound Program, Crew 61, 2007. During this crew rotation, EVA medical simulations were performed, which concluded that the time to transport an injured EVA crewmember back to a pressurized habitat was significant. It was determined that during this first-aid response period, it might be necessary to administer IV fluids to the patient. However, such a provision is not presently available for a spacesuit. ❧ Emergency conditions that NASA has determined would need IV infusions of some type were identified and grouped. Out of these conditions, only the ones that would be feasible to occur in an EVA were extracted (in doing so, conditions that would not occur during an EVA were eliminated, e.g., food poisoning). Once a set of possible conditions needing IV during an EVA was established, it was necessary to understand the best way of delivering the IV medication. Various types of IV infusion methods were researched, namely, peripheral IV lines, central IVs, and chest ports. After completing a certified IV Training Course and consulting with medical doctors, including interventional radiologists, it was determined that for long-term use, chest ports had the lowest rate of infection and could be used for the longest duration. ❧ This study concludes that emergencies in space will happen, both inside and outside living habitats. For those EVA emergencies requiring IV administration, a through-the-spacesuit IV provision is feasible with the use of an implanted chest port, and spacesuit IV chest port connector interfaces. |
| Keyword | EVA; medicine; space |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Rights | Diaz, Alejandro R. |
| Access conditions | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@usc.edu |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume71/etd-DiazAlejan-544.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | i EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA) EMERGENCY AID FOR EXTENDED PLANETARY SURFACE MISSIONS: THROUGH-THE-SPACESUIT INTRAVENOUS (IV) ADMINISTRATION by Alejandro R. Diaz A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (ASTRONAUTICAL ENGINEERING) May 2012 Copyright 2012 Alejandro R. Diaz |
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