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THE NEURAL CODING OF INTER-OBJECT RELATIONS
by
Jiye Gina Kim
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(PSYCHOLOGY)
December 2011
Copyright 2011 Jiye Gina Kim
Object Description
| Title | The neural coding of inter-object relations |
| Author | Kim, Jiye Gina |
| Author email | jiyekim@gmail.com;jiyekim@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Psychology |
| School | College of Letters, Arts And Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2011-09-19 |
| Date submitted | 2011-10-31 |
| Date approved | 2011-10-31 |
| Restricted until | 2011-10-31 |
| Date published | 2011-10-31 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Biederman, Irving |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Tjan, Bosco Lu, Zhong-lin Grzywacz, Norberto McArdle, John |
| Abstract | Human vision is extraordinary in the speed and facility at which complex novel scenes can be understood. What is the mechanism by which such effortless scene recognition is achieved? Previous studies have attempted to demonstrate that the computation of image statistics (i.e., power spectrum) can explain our fast scene recognition (e.g., Oliva & Torralba, 2001). Although potentially useful, this model can only mimic (at best) our ability to classify scene categories with very diagnostic scene exemplars (Greene & Oliva, 2009). An alternative hypothesis is that the understanding of the structure of objects comprised in a scene required. The main focus of this dissertation is to examine where in the visual pathway relations (or changes in relations) among pairs of objects are represented. First, in three fMRI experiments, I show that object pairs presented as interacting than compared to side-by-side depictions consistently elicit greater activity in the lateral occipital complex (LOC), the first area in the ventral visual stream where intact shape is distinguished from texture (Malach et al., 1995; Cant & Goodale, 2007). Evidence from an EEG experiment demonstrates that the divergence of the time course between the interacting and side-by-side object pairs is only witnessed in the occipito-temporal region (likely reflecting the lateral occipital cortex (LO), the posterior part of LOC) at 170ms post stimulus onset, making it unlikely that LOC's coding of object interactions is driven by feedback activity from attentional regions (i.e., parietal cortex). To further test the potential role of attentional modulation from the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), a region implicated as important in visual attention (Wojciulik & Kanwisher, 1999), a TMS experiment was performed. The facilitation of object identification to pairs of objects shown as interacting vs. not interacting was completely abolished when TMS was delivered to LO but not when TMS was applied to IPS. This result suggests that it is LO and not IPS that is critical for the coding of object interactions. Finally, I test whether there is greater sensitivity to different kinds of relational changes among objects. Consistent with past studies showing greater sensitivity to changes in nonaccidental (NAP) than compared to metric (MP) properties of simple shapes (e.g., Biederman et al., 2009; Kayaert, et al., 2003), a behavioral match-to-sample experiment showed that there is a significant advantage in detecting NAP vs. MP relational changes. Evidence from two fMRI experiments suggests that LO is the locus of the neural correlate for the greater detectability of NAP than MP relational changes. |
| Keyword | fMRI; inter-object relations; lateral occipital complex; object recognition; scene recognition; TMS |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m |
| Rights | Kim, Jiye Gina |
| Access conditions | The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the author, as the original true and official version of the work, but does not grant the reader permission to use the work if the desired use is covered by copyright. It is the author, as rights holder, who must provide use permission if such use is covered by copyright. The original signature page accompanying the original submission of the work to the USC Libraries is retained by the USC Libraries and a copy of it may be obtained by authorized requesters contacting the repository e-mail address given. |
| Repository name | University of Southern California Digital Library |
| Repository address | USC Digital Library, University of Southern California, University Park Campus MC 7002, 106 University Village, Los Angeles, California 90089-7002, USA |
| Repository email | cisadmin@usc.edu |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume71/etd-KimJiyeGin-374.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | THE NEURAL CODING OF INTER-OBJECT RELATIONS by Jiye Gina Kim A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PSYCHOLOGY) December 2011 Copyright 2011 Jiye Gina Kim |
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