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PLATO’S MAGNESIA AND PHILOSOPHICAL POLITIES IN
MAGNA GRAECIA
by
Phillip Sidney Horky
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY)
August 2007
Copyright 2007 Phillip Sidney Horky
Object Description
| Title | Plato's Magnesia and philosophical polities in Magna Graecia |
| Author | Horky, Phillip Sidney |
| Author email | horky@usc.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Classics |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2007-06-15 |
| Date submitted | 2007 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2007-07-09 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Thalmann, William G. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
van Bladel, Kevin Habinek, Thomas N. Hock, Ronald F. Bobonich, Christopher |
| Abstract | Since Aristotle's Metaphysics, scholars have recognized the influence of the Pythagoreans on Plato's ontological theories; less well-known is the impact of the Pythagoreans' theories of rule in the development of Plato's political philosophy. Plato's three visits to Magna Graecia and Sicily (ca. 388, 367, and 361 BCE) exposed the Athenian philosopher to political communities that had been established and given counsel by Pythagorean philosophers since the end of the 6th Century BCE. This exposure catalyzed revisions to Plato's entire philosophical program (pragmateia) in response to the political and ontological theories of the mathematical Pythagoreans, especially the heretic Hippasus of Metapontion and his followers in Southeastern Italy. Plato's post-Republic works, including the Theaetetus, Parmenides, Sophist, Statesman, Timaeus, Critias, Philebus, Epistles VII and VIII, and Laws, demonstrate Plato's recurring engagement with and adaptation of the philosophical principles -- derived from mathematics -- of the Pythagoreans Philolaus of Croton and Archytas of Taras, who led the massive Italiote League from 367-361 BCE. Indeed, the political constitutions established by Pythagoreans and other philosophers in Magna Graecia, especially those of Epizephyrian Locri, Thurii, Heracleia Italica, and Taras, provided Plato with models from which to derive his own proposed colonial polity of Magnesia in the Laws. The polity of Magnesia, a mixed constitution of the aristocratic type, finds its closest analogue in Taras, which, as a mixed constitution of the democratic type, presented a competitive political system that was influenced by the philosophy of Plato's friend and rival Archytas.; By evoking and modifying the philosophy of "mixture" advocated by the mathematical Pythagoreans, Plato was able to reconcile the ontological schism between Being and Becoming and its political analogues in the "first-best" ideal polity of Kallipolis in the Republic and the "second-best" imitative polity of Magnesia in the Laws, thereby providing both an answer to the problems raised against his Theory of the Forms in the Parmenides and a means to resolve the issue of incommensurability in the city-state. Thus, Plato's entire philosophical program (pragmateia) was demonstrably affected by the ontological and political philosophy of the mathematical Pythagoreans Hippasus of Metapontion, Philolaus of Croton, and Archytas of Taras. |
| Keyword | Plato; political science -- philosophy; Archytas, of Tarentum; Hippasus, of Metapontum; Plato. Statesman; Plato. Laws |
| Geographic subject | historical sites: Magna Graecia |
| Geographic subject (country) | Italy |
| Coverage era | 388 BCE; 367 BCE; 361 BCE |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m598 |
| Rights | Horky, Phillip Sidney |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Horky-20070709 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume29/etd-Horky-20070709.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | PLATO’S MAGNESIA AND PHILOSOPHICAL POLITIES IN MAGNA GRAECIA by Phillip Sidney Horky A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY) August 2007 Copyright 2007 Phillip Sidney Horky |
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