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Sulfur isotope geochemistry and the end Permian mass extinction

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Title	Sulfur isotope geochemistry and the end Permian mass extinction
Author	Marenco, Pedro Jose
Author email	marenco@usc.edu
Degree	Doctor of Philosophy
Document type	Dissertation
Degree program	Geological Sciences
School	College of Letters, Arts and Sciences
Date defended/completed	2007-04-26
Date submitted	2007
Restricted until	Unrestricted
Date published	2007-07-26
Advisor (committee chair)	Bottjer, David
Advisor (committee member)	Corsetti, Frank Douglas, Bob Fischer, Al Capone, Doug
Abstract	The use of carbonate associated sulfate (CAS) to study sulfur isotope chemostratigraphy is investigated in detail. Results suggest that middle-shelf limestones are better suited for sulfur isotopic analysis than proximal evaporites or dolostones because of possible facies-related factors that preclude the latter phases from recording true seawater sulfate del34S values. Carbonate samples with pyrite should be avoided because of evidence of pyrite oxidation during the CAS extraction process.; Coupled sulfur and carbon isotopic fluctuations associated with the end Permian mass extinction in Turkey suggest that the mass extinction was caused by H2S and CO2 resulting from shallow-water euxinia following a prolonged period of deep ocean anoxia in the Late Permian. Extensive deposition of evaporites during the Permian may have contributed to the global anoxia by burying the oxidized form of sulfur as sulfate. Extreme volcanism from the Siberian Traps may have expanded the deep-ocean euxinia into the shallow ocean, where toxic levels of H2S and CO2 may have been introduced to the atmosphere.; Following the mass extinction, elevated del34S values throughout the entire Early Triassic suggest that anoxia continued for at least five million years after the end Permian mass extinction. However, the relegation of lithologic features characteristic of anoxia to deeper-water environments of deposition suggest that the anoxia was once again restricted to the deep ocean following the end Permian mass extinction.
Keyword	sulfur; stable isotope; carbonate associated sulfate; Early Triassic; End Permian; mass extinction
Geographic subject (country)	Turkey
Coverage era	early Triassic; end Permian
Language	English
Part of collection	University of Southern California dissertations and theses
Publisher (of the original version)	University of Southern California
Place of publication (of the original version)	Los Angeles, California
Publisher (of the digital version)	University of Southern California. Libraries
Type	texts
Legacy record ID	usctheses-m685
Contributing entity	University of Southern California
Rights	Marenco, Pedro Jose
Repository name	Libraries, University of Southern California
Repository address	Los Angeles, California
Repository email	http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/
Filename	etd-Marenco-20070726
Archival file	uscthesesreloadpub_Volume32/etd-Marenco-20070726.pdf

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Title	Page 1
Contributing entity	University of Southern California
Full text	SULFUR ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY AND THE END PERMIAN MASS EXTINCTION by Pedro Jose Marenco __ A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES) August 2007 Copyright 2007 Pedro Jose Marenco