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SULFUR ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY AND THE END PERMIAN MASS
EXTINCTION
by
Pedro Jose Marenco
__
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES)
August 2007
Copyright 2007 Pedro Jose Marenco
Object Description
| Title | Sulfur isotope geochemistry and the end Permian mass extinction |
| Author | Marenco, Pedro Jose |
| Author email | marenco@usc.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Geological Sciences |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2007-04-26 |
| Date submitted | 2007 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2007-07-26 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Bottjer, David J. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Corsetti, Frank Douglas, Robert Fischer, Alfred G. Capone, Douglas G. |
| Abstract | The use of carbonate associated sulfate (CAS) to study sulfur isotope chemostratigraphy is investigated in detail. Results suggest that middle-shelf limestones are better suited for sulfur isotopic analysis than proximal evaporites or dolostones because of possible facies-related factors that preclude the latter phases from recording true seawater sulfate del34S values. Carbonate samples with pyrite should be avoided because of evidence of pyrite oxidation during the CAS extraction process.; Coupled sulfur and carbon isotopic fluctuations associated with the end Permian mass extinction in Turkey suggest that the mass extinction was caused by H2S and CO2 resulting from shallow-water euxinia following a prolonged period of deep ocean anoxia in the Late Permian. Extensive deposition of evaporites during the Permian may have contributed to the global anoxia by burying the oxidized form of sulfur as sulfate. Extreme volcanism from the Siberian Traps may have expanded the deep-ocean euxinia into the shallow ocean, where toxic levels of H2S and CO2 may have been introduced to the atmosphere.; Following the mass extinction, elevated del34S values throughout the entire Early Triassic suggest that anoxia continued for at least five million years after the end Permian mass extinction. However, the relegation of lithologic features characteristic of anoxia to deeper-water environments of deposition suggest that the anoxia was once again restricted to the deep ocean following the end Permian mass extinction. |
| Keyword | sulfur; stable isotope; carbonate associated sulfate; Early Triassic; End Permian; mass extinction |
| Geographic subject (country) | Turkey |
| Coverage era | early Triassic; end Permian |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m685 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Marenco, Pedro Jose |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Marenco-20070726 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume32/etd-Marenco-20070726.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | SULFUR ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY AND THE END PERMIAN MASS EXTINCTION by Pedro Jose Marenco __ A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES) August 2007 Copyright 2007 Pedro Jose Marenco |
