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COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MARINE
INVERTEBRATE LARVAE FROM ANTARCTIC AND TEMPERATE
ENVIRONMENTS
by
Allison Jeanette Green
____________________________________________________________________
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(BIOLOGY)
December 2006
Copyright 2006 Allison Jeanette Green
Object Description
| Title | Comparative physiological studies of marine invertebrate larvae from Antarctic and temperate environments |
| Author | Green, Allison Jeanette |
| Author email | allisong@usc.edu |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Biology |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2006-10-03 |
| Date submitted | 2006 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2006-11-20 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Manahan, Donal T. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Caron, David A. Edmands, Suzanne Hedgecock, Dennis Bottjer, David J. |
| Abstract | Life histories of many marine invertebrates include a pelagic, larval stage. The larval stages of these marine invertebrates are considered the most vulnerable as they are subjected to highly variable environmental conditions (i.e. temperature, salinity). Larvae that are planktotrophic during their pelagic life history stage are also subjected to fluctuating nutrient levels as they disperse. All of these factors make the study of larval physiology and biochemistry important in understanding how larvae cope with a highly variable environment to successfully metamorphose.; In this thesis, the larvae of a number of marine invertebrate species are studied with respect to respiration and biochemical aspects of metabolism. The central question answered is how changes in one or more environmental parameters affect the overall metabolism of a larva. The studies encompass a variety of comparative approaches to this question, including multi-species comparisons and comparisons of larval families of the same species with different genotypes. The effects of different endogenous nutrient conditions on growth, metabolism and an enzyme involved in aerobic respiration are studied in three echinoderm species in Chapter One. These results show that relationships between whole-animal metabolism and the amount of a mitochondrial enzyme exist in the larval species studied. Chapter Two looks at larvae of the Pacific oyster produced from factoral crosses of inbred adult oysters. Hybrid larvae grow faster than inbred larvae, despite similar metabolic rates between each group. This indicates that hybrid oyster larvae are metabolically more efficient than inbred larvae. Chapters Three and Four explore the effects of temperature on larval physiology by comparing the metabolism, gross protein growth efficiencies and nitrogen excretion between larvae of temperate and Antarctic echinoderms. Antarctic echinoderms have high gross protein growth efficiencies relative to temperate larvae. The high retention of protein in Antarctic echinoderm larvae is also indicated by the amount of nitrogen excreted.; This body of work contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of larval biology and physiology. The studies presented here employ robust comparative approaches that are unique in this research field. |
| Keyword | marine; invertebrate; larvae; metabolism; Antarctic; temperate |
| Geographic subject (continent) | Antarctica |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m178 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Green, Allison Jeanette |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Green-20061120 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume14/etd-Green-20061120.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Full text | COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MARINE INVERTEBRATE LARVAE FROM ANTARCTIC AND TEMPERATE ENVIRONMENTS by Allison Jeanette Green ____________________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (BIOLOGY) December 2006 Copyright 2006 Allison Jeanette Green |
