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BYSTANDER BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO VIOLENCE AGAINST
LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDERED
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
by
Brian Richard O‟Rourke
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC ROSSIER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF EDUCATION
August 2010
Copyright 2010 Brian Richard O‟Rourke
Object Description
| Title | Bystander behavior in relation to violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered high school students |
| Author | O'Rourke, Brian Richard |
| Author email | mropus10@aol.com; BrianORourke@Burbankusd.org |
| Degree | Doctor of Education |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Education (Leadership) |
| School | Rossier School of Education |
| Date defended/completed | 2010-06-23 |
| Date submitted | 2010 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2010-08-03 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Seli, Helena |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Sundt, Melora A. Brewer, Dominic J. |
| Abstract | Purpose of the Study; The purpose of this study was to examine high school students’ patterns of violence reporting and what steps can be taken to increase the likelihood that students will report violent incidents in which they are the bystander, especially when the victim is a member of the LGBT student population. In addition, the bystander behaviors of LGBT students were examined.; Theoretical Framework; Social influence theory (Berkowitz, 2000) provided one framework for the purposes of this study. Bystander reporting has been shown to be particularly susceptible to social influence. Social influence describes the rules that a group uses for appropriate and inappropriate values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors (Perkins & Berkowitz, 1986).; Method; In order to measure the attitudes and behaviors of high students, both LGBT and not, the purpose of this study completed by the use of a non-experimental research design. The dependent variable in this study was the likelihood of reporting by students who are bystanders to violence. The independent variables in this study were grade level, gender, sexual orientation of victim and bystander, barriers to reporting, social influences (group size, fear of retaliation, homophobia), knowledge of how to report, perception of administrative support, and lastly the presence or absence of a Gay/Straight Alliance (GSA).; Data Sources; This study examined the reporting attitudes and behaviors of a large sample of high school students, both heterosexual and homosexual. As indicated in the research design, the sample was drawn from three large southern California high schools. The sample contained both male and female, heterosexual and homosexual students, and four grade levels. The sample included a variety of ethnic groups, socio-economic groups, and student interest groups. The researchers’ goal was to obtain between 200 and 400 responses by use of paper and pen surveys to draw valid and reliable conclusions from a total of approximately 4,000 possible respondents. A total of 900 responses were obtained.; Results; The results of the study indicated that the fear of retaliation by perpetrators of violence superseded all other variables when students were deciding to report violence or not, rendering the issue of the perceived or stated sexual orientation of the victim to not be a significant predictor. The variables of perceived sexual orientation of the student, acceptance of LGBT students at the school site, presence of a Gay Straight Alliance (GSA), or gender did not significantly impact the decision of bystanders to violent incidents.; Significance; The major finding in this study was that fear of retaliation stood out as the major barrier to reporting violent acts. This study found that even when students were aware of reporting procedures and knew who to report to, they still reported that fear of retaliation prevented them from reporting violent incidents. Additional research needs to be conducted in the reported barrier to reporting defined as fear of retaliation. As this study showed, after all other variables to reporting behavior were considered; fear of retaliation remains a significant barrier to reporting for all students. |
| Keyword | violence; LGBT; bystanders; bullying; gay/straight alliances |
| Geographic subject (state) | California |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3262 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | O'Rourke, Brian Richard |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@dots.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-ORourke-3956 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume26/etd-ORourke-3956.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@dots.usc.edu |
| Full text | BYSTANDER BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO VIOLENCE AGAINST LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDERED HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS by Brian Richard O‟Rourke A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC ROSSIER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF EDUCATION August 2010 Copyright 2010 Brian Richard O‟Rourke |
