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EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE AND COMPETITIVE
INTERACTIONS IN OLIGODENDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION AND
MYELINATION
by
Sheila Sara Rosenberg
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(NEUROSCIENCE)
May 2010
Copyright 2010 Sheila Sara Rosenberg
Object Description
| Title | Exploring the role of cooperative and competitive interactions in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination |
| Author | Rosenberg, Sheila Sara |
| Author email | srosenbe@usc.edu; sheilasrosenberg@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Neuroscience |
| School | College of Letters, Arts and Sciences |
| Date defended/completed | 2010-03-29 |
| Date submitted | 2010 |
| Restricted until | Restricted until 07 Nov. 2010. |
| Date published | 2010-11-07 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Chan, Jonah |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Maxson, Robert Tao, Huizhong Crump, Gage Chow, Robert |
| Abstract | As humans, a swift and highly accurate means of neuronal communication is required for both our basic survival, and our unique capacity for traits such as creativity and critical thinking. Communication between the nervous system and all other systems, as well as within the nervous system itself, depends on the transmission of neuronal action potentials, electrical signals required for the generation of functional outputs. The efficient transmission of the neuronal action potential is greatly enhanced by the insulating properties of the myelin sheath. Destruction of the myelin membrane, as a result of nerve injury or disease, significantly impairs the ability of the nervous system to communicate and can lead to a host of debilitating symptoms, as well as an ultimate loss of function. The development of novel strategies to promote remyelination is essential to limit the extent of sensory, motor and cognitive deficits that occur following demyelination. It is our belief that understanding how myelination occurs during development could provide insight into efforts to promote remyelination.; In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin is formed by glial cells known as oligodendrocytes. During development, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) proliferate and migrate throughout the CNS. Upon reaching a final destination, an OPC will either differentiate into a myelinating oligodendrocyte or remain as a precursor cell into adulthood. Oligodendrocytes that differentiate must then coordinate the appropriate non-overlapping placement of myelin internodes along axonal tracts. Each differentiated oligodendrocyte is capable of forming multiple myelin internodes. Akin to other aspects of nervous system development, proper myelination requires a precise match between the number of myelinating cells and myelin internodes, and the number of axonal segments requiring myelination. Understanding how the extent of myelination is precisely coordinated between axons and oligodendrocytes requires investigation of the mechanisms governing both oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin internode formation. We find that both cooperative and competitive interactions between oligodendroglial cells play an instrumental role in regulating the fate and function of these myelinating cells. |
| Keyword | oligodendrocyte; myelin |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m3046 |
| Rights | Rosenberg, Sheila Sara |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Rosenberg-3567 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume26/etd-Rosenberg-3567.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE AND COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS IN OLIGODENDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION AND MYELINATION by Sheila Sara Rosenberg A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (NEUROSCIENCE) May 2010 Copyright 2010 Sheila Sara Rosenberg |
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