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FROM “SQUATTERS” TO CITIZENS?
SLUM DWELLERS, DEVELOPERS, LAND SHARING AND POWER
IN PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA
by
Paul Ewoud Rabé
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC SCHOOL OF POLICY, PLANNING,
AND DEVELOPMENT
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF POLICY, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
December 2009
Copyright 2009 Paul Ewoud Rabé
Object Description
| Title | From “squatters” to citizens? Slum dwellers, developers, land sharing and power in Phnom Penh, Cambodia |
| Author | Rabe, Paul Ewoud |
| Author email | prabe@usc.edu; paulrabe@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Planning and Development Studies |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Policy, Planning & Development |
| School | School of Policy, Planning, and Development |
| Date defended/completed | 2009-10-08 |
| Date submitted | 2009 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2009-11-12 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Heikkila, Eric J. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Banerjee, Tridib Tang, Shui Yan Lynch, Dan Wegelin, Emiel |
| Abstract | This study examines the struggle of residents of four slums in the heart of the Cambodian capital, Phnom Penh, to remain in the city in the face of commercial redevelopment pressures during the first decade of the 21st century.; In 2003, following a decade of forced evictions of the poor from the city center, the Royal Government of Cambodia broke with the past and authorized the redevelopment of the four city center slums as pilots for a major slum upgrading campaign, through the technique of land sharing.; The study assesses the extent to which the redevelopment projects succeeded in providing slum dwellers with the basic legal rights promised to them as part of upgrading, which can be regarded as residents’ core citizenship contract with the state—a “citizenship of status”. Second, the study examines the extent to which slum residents were involved in shaping the redevelopment plans, which can be regarded as a reflection of their “power” and agency—a “citizenship of practice”. The assessment of “citizenship of practice” is based on two theoretical approaches. The first is guided by the propositions of capillary power by Michel Foucault (1978 et al.), for whom power is diffuse and omnipresent, with all actors in the role of subjects as well as agents. The second expands on the typology of options of exit, voice and loyalty developed by the economist Albert Hirschman (1970), and later refined by the political scientists William Lyons and David Lowery (1986 and 1989).; The study concludes that the slum dwellers’ “battle for living space” took the form of an elaborate charade. Commercial developers, with the backing of the Municipality and local authorities, dressed up their slum redevelopment projects with an appearance of inevitability to convince residents that they had the legal right and technical ability to develop the settlements as they saw fit. In response, residents presented an appearance of compliance, even as—below the surface—they were engaged in manifold resistance tactics, not necessarily to oppose the projects, but at least to take from them what little they could for themselves. |
| Keyword | Cambodia; Phnom Penh; urban development; land conflict; squatters; power |
| Geographic subject (city or populated place) | Phnom Penh |
| Geographic subject (country) | Cambodia |
| Coverage date | 2003/2009 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m2737 |
| Rights | Rabe, Paul Ewoud |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Rabe-3336 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume48/etd-Rabe-3336.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | FROM “SQUATTERS” TO CITIZENS? SLUM DWELLERS, DEVELOPERS, LAND SHARING AND POWER IN PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA by Paul Ewoud Rabé A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC SCHOOL OF POLICY, PLANNING, AND DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF POLICY, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT December 2009 Copyright 2009 Paul Ewoud Rabé |
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