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THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OVERWEIGHT LATINO YOUTH:
INFLUENCE OF DIETARY INTAKE AND
ASSOCIATED RISK FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES
by
Emily Elizabeth Ventura
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(PREVENTIVE MEDICINE)
May 2009
Copyright 2009 Emily Elizabeth Ventura
Object Description
| Title | The metabolic syndrome in overweight Latino youth: influence of dietary intake and associated risk for Type 2 diabetes |
| Author | Ventura, Emily Elizabeth |
| Author email | eventura@usc.edu; emilyventura@gmail.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Preventive Medicine (Health Behavior) |
| School | Keck School of Medicine |
| Date defended/completed | 2010-03-03 |
| Date submitted | 2009 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2009-05-04 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Goran, Michael I. |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Davis, Jaimie Weigensberg, Marc J. Azen, Stanley Paul Khoo, Michael C.K. |
| Abstract | One third of overweight Latino youth have the metabolic syndrome, a clustering of risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this dissertation were:1) to examine the association between dietary intake and the metabolic syndrome with a focus on the quality of carbohydrate intake; 2) to examine whether persistent metabolic syndrome over 3 annual visits was associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes; and 3) to test the effects of a randomized, controlled, 16 week, modified-carbohydrate nutrition education program on metabolic syndrome profiles.; All participants were Latino and had BMI ≥ 85th percentile. Data for papers 1 and 2 are from a longitudinal, observational study for children ages 10-17 years, and data for paper 3 is from a 16 week intervention study for adolescents ages 14-18 years. The metabolic syndrome was defined by a pediatric adaptation of the Adult Treatment Panel III report. Body composition was assessed by DEXA, and insulin/glucose kinetics by OGTT and IVGTT. Dietary intake was assessed by 24 hour recalls in paper 1 and by 3 day diet records in paper 3.; In paper 1, participants with 0 features of the metabolic syndrome ate significantly more soluble fiber compared to those with 3+ features of the metabolic syndrome (5g vs. 4g daily). In paper 2, when compared with participants who never had the metabolic syndrome, participants with persistent metabolic syndrome had a faster rate of fat mass gain over time and an increasing level of insulin response to oral glucose, combined with an average of 43% lower insulin sensitivity, and 25% lower beta cell function. In paper 3, the intervention had few improvements on metabolic syndrome profiles. However, independent of randomiztion group, those who increased fiber intake (average of 6g/day) had a decrease in the number of metabolic syndrome features.; In conclusion, cross-sectionally, soluble fiber intake was the only dietary variable significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome. Longitudinally, persistent metabolic syndrome was associated with indicators of increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Finally, in the context of a 16 week intervention, increases in fiber intake are related to improvements in metabolic syndrome profiles. |
| Keyword | overweight; metabolic syndrome; diabetes; youth; diet; nutrition |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Electronically uploaded by the author |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m2168 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Ventura, Emily Elizabeth |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Ventura-2708 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Ventura-2708.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OVERWEIGHT LATINO YOUTH: INFLUENCE OF DIETARY INTAKE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES by Emily Elizabeth Ventura A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PREVENTIVE MEDICINE) May 2009 Copyright 2009 Emily Elizabeth Ventura |
