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COGNITIVE ATTRIBUTIONS FOR SMOKING AND THEIR ROLES ON
SUBSEQUENT SMOKING PROGRESSION AND REGRESSION
by
Qian Guo
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(PREVENTIVE MEDICINE)
August 2008
Copyright 2008 Qian Guo
Object Description
| Title | Cognitive attributions for smoking and their roles on subsequent smoking progression and regression |
| Author | Guo, Qian |
| Author email | qguo8@yahoo.com |
| Degree | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Document type | Dissertation |
| Degree program | Preventive Medicine (Health Behavior) |
| School | Keck School of Medicine |
| Date defended/completed | 2008-06-06 |
| Date submitted | 2008 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 2008-07-28 |
| Advisor (committee chair) | Johnson, Carl Anderson |
| Advisor (committee member) |
Azen, Stanley Paul Unger, Jennifer B. Chi, Iris MacKinnon, David |
| Abstract | Cigarette smoking poses a major public health problem worldwide. Researchers have discovered numerous smoking determinants by linking people's personal and environmental factors with actual smoking behaviors. However, few studies have explored how smokers themselves explain the causes of their smoking behaviors. According to attribution theory, causal attributions are critical, because they provide the basis for a person's future actions. Studies have been undertaken to ask people directly why they smoke. However, most of them focused on identifying cognitive attributions for smoking. Few of them have investigated whether cognitive attributions were associated with actual smoking and influential to subsequent smoking. To fill in the gaps, the present research was conducted.; Subjects were 14,434 students randomly drawn from middle and high schools in China seven cities. Self-administration surveys were conducted twice with one year apart. Demographic characteristics, smoking status, and cognitive attributions for smoking were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to categorize cognitive attributions into themes. The relative importance of each cognitive attribution was ranked by smoking status and gender. The roles of cognitive attributions on subsequent smoking development were examined by multilevelanalyses. Susceptibility to smoking's mediation effects were examined by Baron and Kenny criteria, Sobel test, and program Prodclin. Polychotomous logistic regression was applied to examine how each cognitive attribution played its roles in smoking trajectory.; Eight factors were generated representing eight themes of cognitive attributions for smoking. They were curiosity, coping, social image, social belonging, engagement, autonomy, mental enhancement, and weight control. Seven of them were associated with current smoking. Six of them were associated with subsequent smoking progression. Most associations were partially mediated by susceptibility to smoking. Eventually, this research found how each cognitive attribution influenced smoking at certain points in smoking trajectory and in particular ways.; An essential recommendation from findings of this research is that anti-smoking programs should be unique and evidence-based. To prevent adolescents from smoking in long run, it is necessary to develop and implement comprehensive anti-smoking programs incorporating primary and secondary smoking prevention components and smoking cessation components. |
| Keyword | attribution; smoking; adolescent |
| Geographic subject (country) | China |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m1430 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Rights | Guo, Qian |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Filename | etd-Guo-20080728 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume44/etd-Guo-20080728.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Contributing entity | University of Southern California |
| Repository email | cisadmin@lib.usc.edu |
| Full text | COGNITIVE ATTRIBUTIONS FOR SMOKING AND THEIR ROLES ON SUBSEQUENT SMOKING PROGRESSION AND REGRESSION by Qian Guo A Dissertation Presented to the FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PREVENTIVE MEDICINE) August 2008 Copyright 2008 Qian Guo |
