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Japanese Education
in the
TokugawaEra.
/
A Thesis
Presented to the
pepartment of Philosophy
University of Southern California.
Written in connection with
Course 9,
Philosophy of Civilization.
by
Riichiro H-oashi.
April 26, 1912
Object Description
| Title | Japanese education in the Tokugawa era |
| Author | Hoashi, Riichiro |
| Document type | Thesis |
| Degree program | Philosophy |
| School | Department of Philosophy |
| Date submitted | 1912 |
| Restricted until | Unrestricted |
| Date published | 1912-04-26 |
| Abstract | iVhen the electric car runs up a sloping street carrying home a crowd of factory-hands, we hear at intervals of its rattling noise the sound of a tranquil bell arise from the household shrine of a Buddhist believer, where the old matron offers her evening prayer before the ancestral tablets. When the aeroplane flies up so high as if to kick down the rising sun, we often hear the clapping hands of a Shinto devotee call the attention of Goddess Amateras who lives in the Sun, her eternal abode. Japan a contradiction, Japan a mistake, where time is space and space is time; where thirty centuries co-exist, the old and the new, the remote and the near, being jumbled together not without a harmony. The present investigation of ours as limited within the space of two and a half centuries from 1603 to 1868, the study of education in a particular period can not be confined within itself in such a nation as Japan where the past intrudes constantly upon the future. The intrusion of the past upon the future, however, according to the Bergsonian ideas, is the real proof of life, of "creative evolution." In order to have a proper understanding of Tokugawa Education we must necessarily touch upon the genesis and history of the Japanese nation leading up to the Tokugawa era. Hence we will devote ample space to this preliminary account, dividing the history into three ages, ancient, mediaeval, and modern. The modern history of education, which is our main subject, is again subdivided into three epochs in order to conceptualize the events that happened in a certain length of time, though such divisions are always arbitrary.; In the preparation of this paper, I owe most to Prof. Nakashima of Waseda University, whose work on "the History of Oriental Education" furnished me materials; and whose chronological arrangement I have followed. I owe much also to Omachi' s "History of Japanese Civilization" and Takegoshi's "Twenty-Five Centuries' History of Japan" which is the standard work in this department. A free use was also made of Prof. Shiraishi's "History of Japanese Education" and another work by Dr. Sato. I hunted for material among the writings of native authors, so as not to gather information, as far as possible, at at a second-hand. All books consulted for reference are given in the column of bibliography.; The aim of our undertaking in a limited space of this brief treatise is to see what manner of progress Japan made in an age called "the Age of Chrysalis" or a profound sleep, and disclose some facts about how she had prepared, educationally in particular, for the new life in this enlightened era. It has often been urged that there were no progressive nations in the Orient until the invasion of European culture, and China is taken invariably as the type of arrested development. But even the Chinese were making an advance in their thought, if not in their social institutions. The politeness of the people, however did not wish to claim originality in any thoughts, but attributed everything to the initiation of their ancestors; even the great sage Confucius proclaimed his teachings to be "the ways bequeathed by ancestral kings."; Such reverential attitude toward ancestors or a vague external something is characteristic of pantheism, in which the individual has no meaning of exitene. While the pantheistic nations are apt to fall into conservatism, the people of abstract individualism are also in danger of losing social solidarity and would make no progress because of no stability, of no friction, to borrow the term from mechanics. All progressive peoples, so far as I can ascertain, are either a society of communistic individualism or of individualistic communism. The quixotic individualism of the Teutonic people has been greatly modified through the influence of communistic Christianity, andbehold! they are to-day the champions of humanity and world civilization. Japan with her vigorous, restless spirit as the leader of backward Oriental nations is neither a country of individualism nor of communism, and she has been constantly progressing onward both in thought and its social expression. Exuberant in her desire to excel and energetic in her daring virility, she has held a position in the Orient much similar to that of the Teutons in the West. Just as the latter inherited the thoughts of Greeks and Hebrews, and augumented them in their modern civilization, so did the former receive the thought-heritage of China and India, and fostered up Oriental culture in its fertile soil by adding something of its own. The Teutonic spirit is the pride of the West, the pride of the East is the Yamato Damashii, cheerful, optimistic, and ever progressive. It is a matter of world-wide interest to see the growth of humanity in a nation, however insignificant in its size. This thesis I expect may in one way be regarded as a history of Japanese civilization as well as that of Japanese education, though I am afraid of the peacock feathers on a jackdaw's wing. |
| Keyword | Yamato race; Confucianism; Buddhism; Naracho culture; Heiancho civilization; feudalism; Bushido culture; Japanese; women; education; Ashikaga age; Christianity; Tokugawa era; monarchy; Ieyasu; martyrdom; fifth shogun; eighth shogun; literature; art; schools; colleges; Occidental studies; Kwansei period; Tempo period; Shintoism |
| Geographic subject (country) | Japan |
| Coverage date | 1603/1886 |
| Language | English |
| Part of collection | University of Southern California dissertations and theses |
| Publisher (of the original version) | University of Southern California |
| Place of publication (of the original version) | Los Angeles, California |
| Publisher (of the digital version) | University of Southern California. Libraries |
| Provenance | Digitized by the University of Southern California |
| Type | texts |
| Legacy record ID | usctheses-m79 |
| Rights | Hoashi, Riichiro |
| Repository name | Libraries, University of Southern California |
| Repository address | Los Angeles, California |
| Repository email | http://www.usc.edu/isd/libraries/services/ask_a_librarian/email/ |
| Filename | etd-Hoashi-19120426 |
| Archival file | uscthesesreloadpub_Volume23/etd-Hoashi-19120426.pdf |
Description
| Title | Page 1 |
| Full text | Japanese Education in the TokugawaEra. / A Thesis Presented to the pepartment of Philosophy University of Southern California. Written in connection with Course 9, Philosophy of Civilization. by Riichiro H-oashi. April 26, 1912 |
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